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HUCGAIETIYON "AND “NIAGARA” WEICHT
LAID THE 1858 CARILE —
4
By ELMO SCOTT WATSON
HE recent
Western U
had mnie
Hau COMN
anno
across the
world's
that it
least
the distinceti
fastest cabl
transmit
times i) 8 any
¢ five
history of man's atten to
tances and communication
distant parts of the earth. It
the
merchant who, undaui ! by several
romar
bridge great
speed between
recalls particularly
name 'yrus Fleld, the American paper
failures,
persisted his eff
crowned Tis
made his
When the
ast month
was landed In
event of great
ve we becom
at there were
whic
IUsiasm
I's succe
pra
faato tonrmah ing
faster steamsi
between ti
comm
New In
Instanta
laughed
& crank
and Am
telegraphl n could be
But } t Agan and
completed their job of laving the fi
August, faith in his project was
Justified, those who had 1 him were among
the first to hail him.
With the coming of the first transatlantic cable
came the 3 its
pace. This prospect was at first viewed with econ-
incredulity, but as messages of
Victoria President Buchanan flashed
wires doubts gave way to tumultuous
ur de A
ation HT
dreamer and son
TITLE
HID
proposed to link
undersea cable ove
sent.
the Niagara
ret cable In
derided h
prospect of business quickening
iderable
Queen
over the
rejoicing. The new
but It had
polntments,
of constant
thirty
But
was
nonncement
the greatest
places business was
the
and
line was In actual operation,
OTTO nls nfte f “f ovig
come only after a series of
disap-
It had cost its projector twelve years
toll and had than
neross the
the first d
necessitated more
trips
with
welcomed with
that it
excitement
Atiantie
oubts the new cable
arms, The an-
to be landed produced
everywhere. In some
suspended and rushed
into the streets and flocked to the offices where
the news Pec At Andover, Mass. the
news was received while the alumni of the Theo
logical seminary were celebrating thelr semi.
centennlal dinner thousand persons were
present, all of whom rose to thelr feet and gave
vent to their feelings by continued and enthusiastic
cheers, In Boston a hundred guns were fired
on the common and the bells of the eclty were
rung for an hour,
In New York the
with some misgivings,
gone
open
was
simple
men
was ived
tne
news was at first received
As It was confirmed, how.
ever, by subsequent dispatches the city broke
forth Into wild rejoicing. The arrival of the
queen's message was the signal for a fresh out.
break of popular enthusiasm, The eity was
awakened by the thunder 7 artillery, A hundred
guns were fired in the park at daybreak, and the
salute was repeated at noon, At this hour flags
were flying from all the public bulldings and the
bells of the principal churches began to ring.
That night the city was illuminated. Never had
it seen such a brilliant celebration. The very sky
to be alight with the spectacle. Such was
the Blaze of light around city hall that the cupola
eaught fire and the hall itself narrowly escaped
¥ ¢
AOR WE A vay
EAE ARS ERNT, Vy
IEW YORK CELERRAITQV INV 1858
destruction
other parts of
Similar demonstrations took place in
From the At
the United States
* to the Valley of the Mississippl and to the
Gulf of Mexico the firing of guns and
of bells were heard in every city.
The new after two months
courageous American
had the fi
enterprise could ralse no more fun in
the ringing
cable broke down
and the
who
operation paper
ant been wee behind the
America,
Most of the origina first
il capital lost in his
indeed,
~
ture had,
majority of the §
thousand pounds
Englishmen
from
who
Come England,
45 men had subscribed
belr
each enterprise n
Civil war
actually under way Field conild
wo further financial d on this side of
went again to England
negotiations, in t
d and lay a new
which had
necessary
with a impending
and soon look fo
the ocean
1
’na
succeeded, after
obtaining capita! with which
cable, The Gutta-Percha
then a practical monopoly
insulating material, was given
the order to bulld the new cable, which was com-
in 1865. The steamship Great Eastern,
craft ever built up to that time
company,
of the
largest
L OSANGCILES
0 FALCANE
FIVEFIFTY LESS
MA rAd NTA UN
Iwo WEEKS AF TER
How a Cable Message Comes In.
larger, in fact, than any ship constructed for
another forty years—which had proved a com-
mercial fallure In spite of her sime, or perhaps
because of it, was chartered to !ay the new cable
Twelve hundred miles had been pald out when
the cable parted, on August 2, and all efforts to
recover it proved fruitless,
Once more ruln stared Fleld's project in the
face, It seemed as if fate had decreed that
there should never be telegraphic communication
hetween the continents, But at this critical
Juncture in cable history John Pender, the head
of the Gutta-Percha company, came forward with
the proposal to risk a quarter of a million pounds
of his own money In the effort to carry out the
project. Under his leadership the Atlantic Tele-
graph company was reconstituted as the Anglo-
American Telegraph company with a capital of
600,000 pounds of which he subseribed for nearly
half. The Gutta-Percha company became the
Telegraph Construction and Maintenance com-
pany. A new cable was made and enough addi
tional to complete the cable of 1865. The Great
Eastern was purchased and on July 18, 1868,
steamed Into Trinity bay, Newfoundland, trailing
behind her a continuous line of aable stretching
back to the Irish coast. The shore end was
landed safely, the Great Eastern steamed east
ward agaln, grappled for the lost end of the
1865 cable, recovered It, spliced on a new section
and on September 8 landed #his also In New-
foundland,
It Is Interesting to note that In the new
cable which spans the Atlantle from Bay Roberts,
Newfoundland, to Penzance, England, history 1s
repeating Itself, for in 1012 the Western Union
Telegraph company became the operating sue-
cessor of the Anglo-American Telegraph company,
leasing the five cables then owned by the orig
Inal company, between Great Britaln and the
United States, and so great is the advance over
all previous cable systems which the new cable
inaugurates, Its completion seems destined to
18648
the
inch In
tion of It, as lh
' cable
Though
only an
feed men section
diameter,
CTONS
to be composed
consisting of di
nermos
nunicatic
th YY . sites
hae cop er congucmio
one-fifth o
the
copper
carry th
of these
conductor
the floor of
conductor
golid consisting
put the line
could hardly
conductor
Wrapped
this copper
New York
of permalloy
Rive the
minute. Permalloy is
which under certain ]
permeability many times that
substance, This
of current common to types of cables
and will give the new its great
speed and make it the world's fastest cable,
Next to the permalloy Is the ation con
sisting of three layers of gutia Thiz is
the only substance yet discovered which com-
bines the necessary Insulating
elasticity, simplicity of manipulation,
bility. It is obtained from a tree which grows In
the Malay peninsula and Malaysia. The process
of gathering It consists In tapping the gutta
tree much as a sugar maple Is tapped in North
America and collecting the sap which exudes
most familiar use of gutta percha Is the man
ufacture of the outer shells of golf be
Over the gutta percha Insulation
layer of jute yarn to act as a cushl
armor which protects the cable from being |
by any accident which mjght occur on tl
of the ocean,
This armor consists of
steel wires, each having a
hundredths of an inch. Before being applied to
the cable each is wrapped over its entire length
with a fabric to prevent Its oxidation under
water. Finally, the cable is wrapped with two
pervings of jute yarn saturated in coal tar, wound
on spirally, which form the outer covering.
This copper strand connecting the Old world
enable
Arapping
the older
copper strand
i irevents
qualities
and dura.
TT™he
eighteen galvanized
’
diameter of nine
cable and the ninth to be operated by the Western
Union,
had made deep-sea cables obsolete, the fact re
mains that cable companles continue to spend
millions of dollars on new cable costs,
that they have a full knowledge of radio's
capacity and the lines of Its probable future de
velopment. The Importance of cables In world re
lations was demonstrated at the close of the
World war when an international complication
threatened over the island of Yap. Yap ordinarily
would be as unimportant as Its name suggests
were it not for the fact that the question of a
cable base was involved, So It Is likely that the
future will see the network of cable lines con.
necting all parts of the earth Increase instead of
decrease and whenever a new one, and especially
one such as the “world's fastest cable” In which
important new developments are concerned, ls
laid It will be news and big news,
i
OOQOO00
HOW .TO KEEP
WELL
DR. FREDERICK R. GREEN
Editor of “HEALTH”
(€), 19426, Western Newspaper Union)
BREAD AND WATER
N EARNEST and conscientious
Nebraska, deter-
Volstead act, has
the
judge out in
mined to enforce the
sentenced
to jall and
an order that the culprit
Ing thelr
on a bread-and-water diet
At once the newspapers took up an
animated
guch an
i death sentence
pers put It, in flaming headlines,
real “Can men
several violators of
added to the «
sentences,
discussion as to whether
order was not equivalent to
As some of the pa-
the
question was live on
bread and water"?
To ask such a question
singular disregard of history and also
of the condition under which mil
of human beings are living today
need go farther than the
he learned In Sunday
childhood,
In the nineteent
shows a
Hons
ne
no 1E88ONRK
cha
Kings is id
the life
fearless
L¢
of
warriors
tion ever produced
wrath of Queen Jezabel, 7
heathen
TAKING A SICKNESS
CENSUS
a
equall
ui in 1} average town
The survey covered the time from
December 1, 1921 i 1024,
28 months embracing all KON
In this and time
there were 17,847 definite and separate
a little nn
an average of one per year per
Of these, 10,844,
were diseases
This
the se
group during this
1
cases of ilinesses, or wre than
person.
or over oO) per cent
of the respiratory tract
included influenza or grippe, all
pneumonia, pleurisy, tonsil
croup, hay fever, asthma, tuber
and all troubles the
litls,
culosis with
’
Of all forms of
there were 1.448 cases, or 8 per cent.
This includes typhold, measles, whoop-
scarlet fever, diphtheria,
and all other epidemics,
General diseases, such
rheumatism, diabetes, etc,
illnesses, or 2 per cent. Diseases of
the nervous system cuused 728 il
nesses, or 4 per cent, while eye and
enr diseases totaled 203, or 18 per
cent. In spite of all we hear about
epidemic diseases,
as cancer,
caused 350
Hot water
Sure Relief
FOR INDIGESTION
25¢ and 75¢ Pké's.Sold Everywhere
Appropriately Named
that old dog Is
“sonrh !
»ORN tr 1
ald a hypercritical acq
Preshyteriy
blind 1
er beyond
Has Been Proved Safe by Millions.
He Remembered
200 YEARS
hazrlem oil has been a world-
wide remedy for kidney, liver and
Apre
. BE msm
as,
ascder (
20GCT {
1
i
Yeas el
4
y merry Briel 11 art
Liiva VW aida wa iL all
GOLD MED4,
HAARLEM OIL
CAPSULES
ubles, stimulate vital
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iruggists. Insist
correct internal tro
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* ot rres oe]
e Ti Ei
“[RRITATING RASHES
For quick, lesting relief from
odes ov
itching and burning, doctors prescribe
genuine Goro Meat.
Family Bookkeeping
ff PP
W € : i i EINIOWS
wn
ostentatious
word
When You Catch Cold
Rub On Musterole
Musterole is easy to apply and works
way. It may prevent a cold from
turning into “flu” or pneumonia. It
11 the good work of grandmother's
does all th
mustard plaster,
Musterole is a clean, white ointment,
made of oil o. .austard and other home
simples. It is recommended by many
doctors and nurses. Try Musterole for
sore throat, cold on the chest, rheuma-
tism, lum bago, pleurisy, stiff neck, bron-
chi‘is, asthma, neuralgia, congestion,
pains and aches of the back and joints,
gprains, sore muscles, bruises, chilblains,
frosted feet —ooids of all sorts.
To Mothars: Musterole is also
made in milder form for
babies and small children.
Ask for Children's Musterole.
Jars & Tubes
Better than a mustard plaster
NEW HYDRAULIC RAM will give constant
flow of water {rom spring or stream te dis
tant bulidings., First cost only cost Install
yourself Take sgency Price mow $5.78,
SW, SHOUPE, Manufacturer, Findlay, Ohio,
salesman Whele or Part Time, Thousands of
rospecta make sales oany No competiton;
no experience DOCERRNETIY [| BO Investment, per
manent position Salvamanager, 147 Frost
Ri, Sehenectady, N.Y
blood pressure, ilinesses due to dis
enses of the heart and blood vessels,
only amounted to 803, the same as
eye and ear troubles. Digestive trou-
bles formed a large group,
8 per cent
i
i
Have it anniyeed by hand.
writing expert Weite In Ink $1.09
ANALYST, Box 106 Grand Rapids
Fire-Prevention Device to 20,
Protected ter, Samples at our
risk, Neltz Mig. Cs, Nox 271, Shamokin, Pa
seliing latest
teeth, oid ¢ \
badd
bY