How
WHAT SOUNDNESS MBANS.
A satisfactory definition of sound
or soundness is not easily - given.
There Is no other word that conveys
quite the same meaning. A person
is said to have a sound body, or an
organ is sald to be gound when it is
healthy. This term as it applies to
the horse includes a little more. Ac:
cording to a bulletin of the Indiana
Experiment Station, the horse Is
sound when he is healthy, and whep
his conformation is such that he has
not hag and is not likely to have any
tendency to any particular disease.
The term “sound” as used by veterl-
narians and dealers is often loosely
construed. It may mean anything
from freedom, from lameness or not
windhroken, to an apparently healthy
condition at the time of examination.
There {3s no fixed technical or legal
definitien that is uniformly recog:
nized. The English definition of un-|
soundness, while defective in that ft
is wholly based upon tit usefulness
of the animal, is one worthy of being
repeated, and is as follows: “Any
disease or alteration of structure from
disease or accident, which does in-
terfere or may in its ordinary course
interfere with the animal's usefulness
ig unsoundness, and furthermore,
slightness of disease or facility of
cure is no qualification as regards
such unsoundness.”
An animal! which may have had
diseases that have been cured, or mays
have some disease at the time of ex
amination that does not interfere with
his usefulness for some purposes, is
then =aid to be “serviceably sound.”
In some places “serviceably sound”
refers only to wind.
A vice is not necessarily
ness, but some of «them
soundness, and may, therafore,
sidered as part of the examination in
the selection of an animal "lees |
are such traits of character or such
habits as have the tendency to pre- |
duce disease, or to lessen the use- |
fulness, mar the appearance, inter
fere with or make dangerous the hand-
ling or cause the destruction of prop
erty. Before examining the horse, the
purchaser should decide upon the}
character of the service for which the
anima] is intended, whether for slow
draft, heavy or light harness, saddla |
or combination. The class or type, |
size, age, gait, sex and color should |
be approximately settled. Ample time
should be taken in the selection of a |
horse. This can usually be done when i
the animal is obtained from the dsal- |
|
i
lean to
un-
be con- |
er or producer, but seldom allowable
at public sales or sales stables. A!
& public sale the horse is sold as |
sound, "serviceably sound,” or at the |
“end of the halter.” When the horse |
is sold as sound, the purchaser has
the privilege of returning the animal
if found to be otherwise within a day
or two. If sold as “serviceably sound.”
the term applies merely to wind and
the ability to do work. In some cases
the special disability is mentioned. If |
sold at the “end of the halter” the
purchaser takes all the chances on |
the number and character of the dis
eases that.nay be present.
DAIRY PRODUCTS AND FOOD. |
When it comes to making a com. |
parison of the value of the animal food |
products of the farm, the dairy leads |
them all, far and away. Over and |
over analysis by the best experts
show that three pounds of milk are
equal as food to one pound of meat
of the best quality. Now we know
also that about the hest that can!
be done in making meat with the
same farm products is two pounds per
day. Only a fair cow gives 2200
pounds of mitk a year. That exceeds
the food value of two pounds of meat
daily for the year. Put considering
that good cows-—not the best but
only good—give more than twice 2-
200 pounds yearly, and it gives one
a fair Idea of the value of dairy pro
ducts. This is putting the question
of comparative value on bed-rock
facts.
Of course we all understand that
meat and vegetables, fruits, ete. are
essential in the dietary, and must we
devote time and acreage to growing
all these? We allude to the dairy
¢mestion in this way to give empha.
sis to the importance of it, and to
show that if it does require hard work
and constant attention these are most
worthily bestowed In the great pro
gram of human industry.
Another important feature in dairy.
Ing is well stated by the lowa Agri-
cultural College, as follows:
One ton of butter, worth $600, roba
the soll of only 50 cents’ worth of
fertility, while a ton of wheat takes
from it $7.60 worth. In reality the
dauryman Is selling afr, sunshine and
rain. I the population increases at
the rate prophesied and expected In
the coming year we will have three
people to fead where we have one
now, 5
Our grain crops are reducing In
production per acre yearly, while
dairving Is increasing, and dairyind
in Europe is made profitable on land
valued at $200 to $1,000 per acre. In
fact. the farmers there are even Im-
ng American feed and still mak.
ing this land pav him for dalry farm
Ing purposes—indiana Farmer.
FARM NOTES.
The cheese taste of butter {8 due
to lack of thoroughness in washing
and removing the buttermilk. Butter
will not keen well 6. 4By Of the up
termilk remains.
Remember that cows exposed
cold rains run down in milk yleld.
that keeps up milk flow.
Pure air, sunsnine and good bal
dairy cow.
of the heifers that are to come fresh
next spring,
Most of us know
are producing,
what our
This is the thing that counts.
butter
the cost
story.
When milk is placed In the
particular attention to
must be given. Not
head, not a halfrotten vegetable,
anything that will
must he permitted
must be kept perfectly
Feed for the o
never allow the
fat. With proper f
ercising and without proper muscu
lar movements the digestion will be
defective and no good results can be
expected
Keep the
purposes.
Geese may
many years
chickens.
When pruning is done it is a soed
plan to leave some of the trimming
on ground so that the rab
and will not have occasion
trecs,
SHOU. 2
FELLE
while for
there. The
sired,
ne over
ROCS ©X-
Gject d
fowls to bec
eding
ding
ones
se for bres
the young
kept in
differ
old gee
Market
well be
and thus
service
from
®
bits
to
the
nice
SAPLINGS NOT
it Is worth
little more attention
farm timber lots Anyone
had to buy timber lately knows
its price is almost prehibitory
In fact, building operations on the
been greatly
prices asked
farmers to
to their
has
ths
hat
af
who
where have
by the
kinds of lamber,
a trip the country,
will things that
if you care any-
mill yards of
west, where hem.
back high
all
Take
you
and
will
about
some
he
the
Bn
eart ac
In
the t and middle
lock ei pine grow, you will find lit
tle trees, hardly as large around as
waiting to be sawed,
of these will hardly make a
four geantling
It those saplings could have been
permitted to stand a few years longer
have been worth many
than hey are now
seems to be to cut
and let them go
bring. This is
much we do in
the present time
can get now is the
have. Tomorrow may
Some
times more
Bat the spirit
the trees down now
what they will
in line with
dollar we
dollar we must
The farmer has it in his power to
How? By
are dead
The best farm.
do this themselves, and If they
rent their lands they insist that thelr
tenants shall do the same. And then
i they may set out more trees,
If they are compelled to cut any
live trees for building purposes, they
may also set out other smaller trees
They may also
the worst enemy we have
They may work for
And they may
educate their boys to love the woods
and try to keep them growing —Week:
ily Witness.
cutting only such trees as
fight fire,
in our forests.
ECONOMY IN FBEDING.
Poultrymen do not care what the
cost of the food is for their fowls
as long as there Is a proportionate
profit. When there are no results
from the hens to pay for it any kind
of food is expensive. If certain foods
are used because they can be pur
chased cheaply and no benefit ig de
rived there is no economy in the uso
of them. The fact that fowls are fed
that it is easily handled and more
easily procured than any other food,
on them.
disposed of in some other way —Farm-
ers’ Home Journal.
—————
MAKE THE COW COMFORTABLE
Whatever adds to the comfort of
the cow Increases the milk yield
Discomfort decreases the yield. Strive
to make the cow comfortable, Give
her shade during the hottest daye
and the best protection you can from
files.
TALLOW [8 FATTENING.
It is said that beef or mutton tal
low Is most excellent fattening food
for poultry and may be fed at the
rate of one ounce to each bird per
day with profit, provided it does not
cost in excess of six cents per pound.
Farmers’ Home Journal,
SMALL FLOOK BETTER.
One of the reasons why a smal
flook of hens does better than a large
one is because table scraps form »
large part of the small flock’s rations,
and they are an evenlybalanced ra
tion. —Farmers’ Home “Journal,
wt
= Week's eleverest earloon
R. Macauley, in the New York World.
Willi
ams,
Nas Rescued From the Sea—
Him to the End—
For the Captain
Kew York City. —(
}. Sealby,
‘aptain
of the wrecked Whit
liner Republic, told the story
disasier. One thinz he 4d
was why he had elected to stay
his snip until it eank. Being an
cer of the Royal Naval Hess
a commander for the WwW!
Captzin Sealby
act needed no exnlanatior
“Before § o'clock on Sun
we knew that the Renubl
never live to reach Martha's
ard,” was the wav (a
hegan his tale “By 17
waz navy down in the sie
Jowing with long, painful rolls
meant there was very 1ittle minre
left in her. Willlams (RB. J
fams. the second officer) and 1 st
on the bridge and kent our
ahead on the lights of the ir "m
and Seneca, whirh we towine TH »
ship was go low in the =! at
waves were hreaking aver her at that
point and the water wna sve ’
clear nun to the ladder of t}
derk aft,
“I think it mast have
abont 8 o'clock when we
that she was going to dron under us
within a very few minutes First
thing we did was to prepare a Holmen
distress light, which burns when it
touches water. This we left on the
bridge with ns so that when we wont
down the men on the reven enti
could be directed fo the an there
the Republic went down. While we
were working over the light Will.
fame, who has a bit of sporting binod
in hing, joked about our situation
‘What do von make of Will
fame?’ I bad asked him
i
Or
APE Bn
re
ern th
Leen
both enw
it,
be laughed
go
race to the bottom.’
‘When you are ready let her
we'll make a sprint of it.”
Holmes light we began to beara roar
back of us. It
out ahead of the advancing water
That is the last call of a sinking
lights, the signal fo the revenge cut
ters that we were going down and for
them to cast off. Then { Jet
five shots with my revolver.
then and prety fast. | selled at
Williams (0 make for the fon rig-
ging.
jadder to the saloon deek, each carry-
ing a blue light In one hand. iy the
degrees, wet and slippery.
rail and crawled, The wa'er was
rushing up on us from behind and
bers from 'midships told us that al- |
ready the stern was nander water,
“We bad reached the forecastle |
with his elbow. That was the last 1
saw of him until after it was over.
managed to get forward to the na
mast and to climb the rigging are far
as the forward running light, about
100 feet up. Below me about half
tipped up like a rocking chair about |
to go over backward.
i
|
i
:
i
1
|
i
i
cause it had become wet, 1 fired one
more shot from my revolver, the last,
Then everything dropped and { was
in the water with the foremast slip.
ping down beside me like an «levator
fing. 1 went under, but eame up
again, for the air had gathered un-
der my greateoat and buoyed me up.
I guess | went around spinning for a
time: then I hit a spar. From the
spar 1 managed to get toa hatch cover,
Things were fivlng around in the wat.
er and | came near being badly
banged up before I menaged to pull
my body up on the hateh cover and
Hie there all spread out with nothing
but my head and shoulders above the
waves,
“It was very cold,
No Refuge On Karth Now For
Emberzlers and Defaniters,
Washington, D. C.—The last haven
of refuge on earth for American bank
wreckers, embesziers, defaulters and
other criminals of that class was re-
moved when the Benate ratified an
extradition treaty with Honduras,
it is believed that under this treaty
Honduras a ay be ed ‘o sur-
Taher man 8 Dead wio have
nes there, although
thal county”
cash.
I saw the
8 found them deeira-
always had read)
Ship's Men.
izhts on the Gresham and Sen.
ca trying to pick me hut they
around and around and misved
I managed to Ic my revolver
d it went off, although it had
kine. Soon after that a
four of the Reoub-
from the
by CQGunner's
: ar me I
nicked up out of
and came
weak and
Williams war
hen it pieked me up, |
He was quite done
were quite back on our
the men on the Gres.
I cannot
work of the
were trying to
nagnifirent.”
r had a word to say
: and crew
prai for the
and erew of the
tin e of ii e enl
a sri Eg the
getting the nae
to Florida
wr ar
sanrkable discipline
veen officers and
pzers themaelees
r conduct. There
ie among them
1s ndidly
ler. alse
Binns,
earch!
up
Pp,
ad
os 14
3 a3
hey saw me
{ | was
ished
i 10 see
We
ot
red to us
iv of the
that
ee
the
neuyre
liment to
. who had stuck
of the wire.
¢ dork had been
"lorida’s prow
% told of his
hecome sep
nr on the slant.
He said
nn aloon
» I hung onto the
y in three minutes
feit her 1ift straight
saw the prow right
son she just #114
girike bot
» wae a jar and then |
give I believe she
middle where she lind
the Florida.
hed off the deck before
r dropped out of sight
a gilmpea of the keel
me 28 1 hit the water,
- for a second to get my
n | struck out for about a
¥¢s before the boil of the
yom wd
the #5
the stern
L grating batch hit me and 1 held
on. i econldn’t climb onto it because
the goss rolled me off every time }
geravahlsd up. 1 was getting tired of
trying when another grating came
alone, 1 grabbed it with one hand
and held on between them, 1 guess }
wigan in the water almost half an hour
when the boat from the Gresham
came al nd palied me out. 1 di
rected the men where to lok for the
captain and we found him in another
five minutes.”
Williams saved a i; pine and a
pocketnices out of the wreck and that
was all,
Jax Binns,
NE A
fa
ier
the wireless operator
Repub.
to Blascouset wireless
10 subsegqy wently kept at
with the
geemed to
believe that the joss of 500 cigarettes
he had with him when the Republic
lef ivew York on Friday was one of
the most serious features of the
wreck.
“Part of the wireless
torn away in the craszh,” said Binns,
“but the instruments were not hurt
As voon gs the captain heard what
lies rammis ig
| station and wh
his place communicating
cabin was
send out the distress signal, 1 found
that the instrument was dead. The
electric motors bad gone bad with
the flooding of the engine room. |
age baiterids you call them--—that
are carried for emergencies just sueh |
as that one were kept, and | groped |
for them in the dark. When I got
thes coupled up 1 tried the key and
found that the spark was right.”
Virgina Rallroads Lose
Twos ent Case Again,
Hichmond, Va.~The rigat of ap.
Aj a8 in the iwo-cent rate case was |
reiukcd to the raliroads. The roads
fluw save two courses open to them,
Eiley
Sted Virealt Court of Appeals and
Hive Cov case beard at lengin, or they |
can go to tae Corporation Commission |
ana aase application for a revision
of ine rates on the ground that the
Kk «are losing money, Meantime
(ie awweCant rate prevaily,
BB —_— —— —_— re
ra
AGED COUPLE MURDERED,
Farmer And Wife Struck Down
Night In Barnyard,
Philadelphia (Bpeciail).
leath and alterwards
bod eg of Mr. and Mrs
f Willistown,
barnyard of
from
both
-Beaten to
mutilated, the
James,
in the
Henry
0 were found
hich is on
Newton B
of
their home, wi
the road quare to
Berwyn, Ph'lade!l-
phia.
As the result
Chester
suburbs
of the tigation
County
inves
the police
farmhand, had recently
i by James and who
had been disc harged after a few day
Lad threatened to ins
and a search Is
that a who
een employed
“get even.”
man was a fore gner,
be ng made for him
The Jameses had a large and well-
kept farm to he
wealthy their mode of
life, bell that
they kept a large sum of money about
and many things point to
suppos tion that the double
and were
for pes
reputed
ple of
It was generally eved
the houge,
the mur-
der wag committed by robbers. They
lived alone,
Crawlord, am
Willi and
Johnson, nephews of the «¢ yuple, who
digcove red the of the
opin‘on th their and aunt
were gf robbers The boys
found came to
borrow he had prom-
to le They at
notified Mul of
n, and including their
bodies, are
pat uncle
an by
the bodies
the
when
iT uns 14
fathor
they
ised their
Consta
cthers,
nd
Cnee
Berwsy
father
ble lan,
ss and his wife dre to ¢
known L.eops
away, nd
Ive
i 10 attend
ciable It must have bes
WwWhet they
lames
drove
reached
went in and
ihd to the barn
thee b
ide
aro to uni n
the horse from
waz leaving the
down from behind
Mrs probably
scuffle and rushed to her
astisiance The murderer
derers waited until had
the barn and attacked her too
fell beside her husband's body
The fact that the woman had en-
tered the house was establ shed
by the discovery of her hat and coat
a chalr in the kitchen
There was a hole in James’ head
which had evidently been made bv a
hammer or the bjunt end of a hatch-
Hes assa'lant had dragged his
body over to the barn and propped
it up against the wall There the
den | man sat with his head bent for-
ward in his hands, from wh'eh he
bad not had time to draw his: driving
gloves, on his knees. He stil! wore his
overcoat and his hat lay to one side.
Three feet away was the woman's
body She also had a wound on the
head to show how she had come to
her death
UEEY A
stable he was struck
heard
husband's
or mur-
reached
She
James the
she
first
01
o*
CHILDREN CREMATED IN HOME.
Four Of Pennsylvania Couple Lost;
Parents Badly Hurt,
Four chil-
r parents
Pittsburg
dren were cremated and Me
{ Special)
home of A. M. Kendell,
Dunbar,
stroyed the
Bryson Hill,
Mr, and Mrs
a second-story window and were dan.
gerously bart It is believed the fire
started from a small gas stove which
was left burning when the fam’'ly re-
tired The parents made repeated |
efforts to reach the room occupied by
their four children when the fire was
discovered, but were finally compell-
east of
themselves,
Damage is ost mated at
ROBS nv R( H CORNERSTONE.
Meanest Thief on Record Also Stole
Tools,
York, Pa. (Special). — A thief
broke into the blacksmith shop of
Jacob Leber, stole a crowhar and sev.
eral chisels. With them he removed
the cornerstone from the Canadochly
Lutheran Church, took out the small |
tin box and robbed it of several pen- |
ries and nickels which had been plac- |
ed there when the stone was put into
posit on.
There was a small Bible and few
Jhurch papers.
$5,000.
ORDERS 2,200 FREIGHT CARS.
Pennsylvania Railroad Places One Of
Ite largest Orders,
Philadelphia (Special) —The Penn.
syivania Ra'iroad Company announc.
ed that orders for 2,200 new steel
freight cars for use on the lines west
of Pitteburg has been placed. This
is one of the largest orders given
out by the company for sometime.
i
i
The order has been placed with
four companies, ag fellows: Cambdra
Steel Company, 1,000 cars: Pressed
Steel Car Company, 500; Amer can
Car and Foundry Company, 600;
Standard | Steel Car Company, 100.
Cannot Bar Autos From Roads,
Pittsburg (8pecial) According to
ties have no right to depr ve motor
cars or automobiles of the privilege
of being run along public highways.
This decigion was caused throu ig a
sult entered by Thomas W
against the Commonwealth, after ars
township author ties passed an or
dinance restra ning motor cars from
Rod. run along t.e Little Sewickley
PANIC IN A COAL MINE,
i—
Explosion Causes Three Hundred
Men To Rush For Exits,
Pitisburg (Special). Two men
were killed and three hundred others
narrowly escaped death from an ex-
plogion of coal dust at the Sewickley
of the Keystone Coal and Coke
Madison, Pa., near here.
m ne
Company, af
The dead:
Alonza Carnathan, aged
Paul Be aged 23 ye
The exp.osion caused
ng shift work,
300 men,
21
ars
VEATE
Zin,
a pan's
ams the dav at num
bering
a rush
and all made
With
18 mentioned
ore the
they
about
for the exits.
the two vicet'n
in escaping
around where
the es
ception of
| all succeeded bef
fire
Were
damp settled
working
Cammathan, who was working about
a mile and a half from the mine en-
trance, is supposed to have logded 2
car wth slate, and while waiting for
it to be removed to have fired a shot
ignit'ng the dust The bodies of
both the dead mon indicated that
they were not killed by the explosion
but were suffe by the firedamp
Half a dozen bosses entered
the mine ex] wn and
brought out the bod es the two
men, They pronounced the mine
gafe and later the night shift of min
erg went to work as usual.
cated
fire
the losic
of
alter
WIDOW CONFESSES MURDER.
Accused Of Crime
teleased.
Two Men Will Be
Sh
invol
aron pecial ) The
nurder
the
myvsiery
Ve of James
Harry, of Shenango
Furnace on last
Thanksgiving Eve, was cleared when
the s, Mrs. EI} whe
was arrested charged with
the details of the
on of the wife will result
discharge wil
Ward, who
were arrested
known to have
now develops
the money
hers
man’s wife a Harry,
the crime
confessed
The co
the
traged)
sn fess
in Hugs
the
£45
had was
that the
shoot-
of liam
found
because
John
and
was
and
body
Harry
massing It
woman took
ing ber husband.
According to her
Harry says she killed her
because he chided her for
ing bills for which be had gz
money. Mrs. Harry is skilled in the
use of revolver, and on the night
of the tragedy she says she followed
«her husband down the railroad tracks
Shen he started for work and shot
m
after
Mrs
hushand
not pay-
ven her
confession
a
Woman Sues Character Witness,
Read ng ~-At a hearing
before Magistrate Miller several
John B. Weida, a witness
to said “1 don’t
oath because ghe
, herself too often.’
{ This referred to Mary Elizabeth
Bechtel who was to testify On thie
statement a suit for slander for $5.-
000 was instituted against Mr. Weida
by the woman's attorney.
STA TE ITEMS.
{ Special)
weeks ago,
is alleged
believe her on her
has perjured
have
Charleg H. Baker, of York, sus-
tained injuries at the Hesman Noss
planing m il that may prove fatal
While operat ng a machine a gaining
head became lcosened and struck
hima on the chest above the heart.
The metal penetrated between the
second and third ribs and just bare-
iy missed the lung.
| Sparks from a miner's lamp ig-
nited lumber in the Mineral Rail-
| road & Mining Company's Cameron
| colilery, near Shamokin, ding fire
0 underground work.ugs. A gener-
{al alarm wag sounded apd a fire
| brigade battled with the flames,
{| which the company reported extin-
gu.shed.
{ Thousands of grinding ice cakes,
| checked by the solid frozen gorges
on the Susquehanna, have jammed
the r.ver from shore to shore from
Falls Station back as far as Golds-
| boro. Much drift wood is ‘mprison-
ed in the ice, which also holds sev-
eral flats and a tool house. The
owner of the tool house today offer-
ed rivermen $25 to recover his tools.
No one accepted the offer.
The Lehigh Hose Company, of
Bethiehem, has elected these officers:
President, O. E. Groman; vice presi
dent, M. H. Kresge; treasurer, F. J
Haus; secretary, E. H. Ritter; trus-
tees, Stewart Wasser. George Karte,
Herman Rice; foreman, George
Kurtz; assistants, Albert P. Moyer,
Philip Fransue. The company will
give a m.nstrel show in the near
future.
Senator W. A. Clark, of Montana,
is reputed to be in control of a com-
pany which will erect a large plant
at Corry for the manufacture of ti-
tanite, a new explosive on which
Senator Clark is said
Bast hid
gaed tar minty
mized ‘With Grashed staan tt When
Portugal has decreed {an ada tiona
Importation of 50,000,000 kilograms