WHAT CRIME
COSTS IN
MONEY
———— os sn ron,
An Estimaie of Over $35,000,-
000 Every Year for New York
City Alone, While the Coun-
try as a Whole Suffers an An-
nual Loss of Fully $600,000,
000 From Weak and Vicious
Inhabitants.
The most accurate statistics obtain.
able show that crime and the results
of erime entail upon the city of New
York an annual expenditure sufficient
to build a new subway every year
Last year, for example, the items of
expenditure fairly chargeable to this
cause alone reached a total of $35.-
562,133.24, an amount sufficient to de-
fray the cost of the Fourth Avenue
Subway for which some Brooklynites
are clamoring insistently, and
leave something like $10,000,000 or
$12,000,000 over to be applied to other
needed improvements, State, county
and city authorities in the St: out-
side of Greater New York, spent $42.
605,473 for the prevention, detection
and punishment of crime.
The average citizen, too busy or too
indifferent to regard details which do
not come under his immediate obser-
vation, is apt to cherish the delusion
that the cost of maintaining the Po-
lice Department, criminal courts,
prison and reforr institutions,
represents the cost of to the
community. As a matter of fact, as
he begins dimly to when he
takes stock of his sing valuables
the morning after a successful raid on
his cozy flat, they are only a few of
the items which enter into the cost of
crime. One of the first brought
to his attention after lirec*
personal loss will be the District-At.
torney’'s office, which, with its many
assistants and elaborate machinery
for bringing the criminal to justice,
adds nearly half a million a to
the cost of crime to the city of New
York The figures f
$424,180, which should be added to
the $13,849.841 appropriated the
maintenance of the Police Dep
ment
Besides
ftems,
genes Smith,
study of the
80
le,
the
1atory
crime
$i
{=
realize
mia
mis
to be
his own
year
1907 were
for
art-
these mors
has been pol inted «
an ¢€ xhat ustive
Interna-
years
made
for the
who
subject
few
item of
iirectly
reason of
would not
rould be erad-
wiles of record
afford
Congress a
exactly
10
to
ion of
and
taining
chargeable
quate
what
crime It would be impossible
say,
the time of our
officials is devo
of penal statute erection and
gulation of penal Institutions and ap-
et yrfations for their maintenance
In the same way the executive depart-
ment rnment, which
is charged enforcement of
the law and
judgments, is brought into almost
continuous contact with crime Sev
{ our courts have both criminal
and civil jurisdiction.
The eriminal business makes vastly
greater drafts upon the public treas.
ury, however, for the that
civil cases®costs and counsel fees a
rns by parties at issue, v
iminal cases all Arges
oes, . treque ntly includi
are a
hres great
it years
for instance,
ETT
propor
te legisialors
prep
of the State gov
with the
listens to appeal from its
eral «
reason
the
prisorer’s attorney,
pullin
trials
ineux Pat
~added
expense
of rece
rick and Harry
several hundred
irs each to the
cost of erime to New York
The military expenses of
another item a proportion
is manifestly chargeable
of erime, since the chief value of
$. 4%
GOH
the State
are of
which
the
is as a standing menace to evil-doers,
Even the regular army is scmetimes
called upon th perform police duty.
Pennsylvania, Montana, Colorado, Ne.
vada and some of the other Western
States have had experience of this
within recent years
The inmates of almshouses, asy-
lums and similar institutions number
approximately 300,000 for the country
at large, onefifth of which are sup-
ported by’ private charity, the other
four-fifths at a public expense of
nearly $50,000,000 annually, Crime
more than all other causes combined
operates to crowd these public Insti
tutions and it seems a moderate esti
mate to ascribe to that cause
least one-half of the expense of main.
taining public charities. That means
a little more than $3,000,000 for the
city of New York.
The Sheriff's office is another insti.
tution one-half the expense of which
bas been assigned to crime, and the
same proportion is held to be just of
various other departments of city and
county administrations, including the
Department of Public Bulldings,
Lighting and Supplies, the Coroner's
Office and rents pald for officeg and
buildings in which to house the seav-
eral departments of government.
Other items of public expense prop.
erly chargeable in part to crime and
the results of erime are the mainten-
ance of the County Clerk's office, the
Department of Finance, the Depart
ment of Taxes, Commissioners of Ac
counts, the Department of Health, the
4
Mo
i
TT
Fire Departmeht, each i in bh thd 1 Dropon
tion of 20 per cent, and Law Depart-
ment, Commissioner of Jurors and Su.
prema Court expenses, each 10 per
cent, In the total estimate should
also be included 10 per cent. of the
interest on the public debt and 10
per cent, of the redemption fund. A
similar proportion of the city debt {t-
self, likewise properly assignadle to
the same cause, amounts to $78,866,
100.
Recent outbreaks of Biack Hand
and cther crimes of violence among
aliens have induced a popular beliet
that this class constitutes the larger
part of our criminal population.
Doubiless this belief hag arisen from
the spectacular display with which
certain bands of organized alien crim-
inals surround their work, for the
facts are less alarming when consid
ered in the light of additional infor
mation. On June 30, 1904, the date to
which a census of the prison popula.
tion of the United States was com-
piled as a supplement to the last com.
plete census of the country, the per-
sons regarded as inmates of prisons
numbered 81,772. Of this number only
12,945, or 15.8 per cent. of the whole,
were of foreign birth, while the for
eign born percentage of total popula-
tion was 19.5,
That there is an increasing
dency to crime among allens, in
State at least, was pointed out
Commodore A. V. Wadhams, of
State Board Parole, who stated at
a recent meeting of the National Lib
eral Immigration League that in 1908
they formed 33 per cent, of the prison
of the State, having In
about 13 per cent. sinca
ithin the past year there has
increase to 46 per
ten.
this
by
tha
of
population
creased
1900. W
been a
cent,
To
an 2
of
by
further
formulate anything more than
pproximate estimate of the cos:
‘rime to the country at large
would, of course, be a task almost im.
of accomplishment, for the
that in country districts rec.
ords are much more imperfectly kept,
while the proportionate cost of crime
is undoubtedly higher. The cost of
crima included in taxation in New
York City is about $8 per capita of
population, the highest in the country,
Francisco it ig estimated at
and other cities from $4 to
90 »asible
regson
In San
about $5,
$4.50
It is Provably wel
ety to say that
» to the
$600.000.000
limits
total direct
country at larga
$700,0600,000
1 within the
of saf the
cost of
is about
annually inal fire last
year totalled about $100.000000, while
the | 250,000 pris.
oners in county jails
and amounted to something
over There are .at the
100,000 criminals
prisons of
it is est ed that from
five ten times as more are
eluding law, From
to the Prison As-
or
Crim losses by
oss of wages of some
State, city and
presser;
contin in
country, and
the
ful § the
eful Ir Lae
ics
fob lat " canted
SiaL18 presenieq
ascertained that
crime As a
ation
persons
business rea-
from spoll of the
$1.600 each annum, When
that the receivers of
the lion's share of
idea is obtained
the cost to the community
York World
it has been
who follow
lize
public
it is con
per
ered
oods get
¥
gome of
the
how great
really is New
To Fish From Motor Car Sleigh.
Three years ago Capt. Halgren con-
ceived the idea of a sleigh run by an
engine and propelled by a spiked
whee! which caught in the ice. He
built several sleighs, but did not suc-
cead in getting one that operated sat
#torily. This season he took his
horse gasoline engine
ith a palr of friction clutches,
on the same plan as an
ile, with a spiked wheel which
so that would rise or
going over rough fice “or
HOoOwWer
built w
automol
was fitted
fall when
The sleigh is a common fisherman's
with the engine attachment,
but it has been run at a speed rangiog
ten to fifteen miles an hour with
ease. The sleight will be
used this winter for fishing at Pesh-
to be able to make the distance be.
tween this city and Peshtigo Harbor
in about onedourth of the time taken
by the old sall sleighs under the
best of conditions.-—Marinette corre
spondence Milwaukee Sentinel.
The Fixtures.
A New York commercial traveller
says that before old Georgia “went
dny” he was one day in a saloon in
that State when a man entered, nod
ded to the owner of the place, who
was also the bartender, seated himself
and meditated.
Presently he addressed the owner of
the saloon,
"Reckon yo’ wanter sell out, Bill?”
For some ten minutes Bill con.
tinued his occupation of filling pint
flasks from a jug. Then he looked
up.
“Mout,” he admitted,
“How much—-cash?” the other In
quired.
Bill filled another dozen flasks.
“How much you give for the whole
shebang—bulldin’, stock, good will,
an’ all?” he (inquired cautiously.
“What about the fixtures?”
asked.
“Oh, they go along with the rest
of the outfit,” Bill assured Him; “fo”
teep colonels, ten judges, nine majors,
an’ a right smart sprinklin’ of hoss
doctors.” Harper's Weekly,
+
The percentage of foreigners in Hol
land is one and one-half
4
BULLDOG AlIDs SUICIDE.
Harrisburg (8pecial).—After mak-
ing two attempts to commit suicide,
when a vicious bulldog used its best
sndeavors to prevent the rescuers
from pulling the man, weary of life,
from the water, Henry P. Turpin,
aged about 32 years, managed to
frown himself in the old Pennsyl-
vania canal at Steelton, near here.
Turpin spent the night drinking
ind early in the morning, adcom-
panied by his bull terrier, went to
the candl and plunged in, Edward
McCord and Frank Magnellia made
an attempt to reach him, but the
log sprang at them, biting a plece
out of the wrist of Magnellia., The
dog was thrown aside and held by
another man, while McCord and Mag-
swam to the side of Turpin
and dragged him ashore. Turpin ap-
because the men would
end his life,
o'clock he return-
again jumped in,
to reach him was
two men, but the dog!
and bit McCord on thei
more Turpin was rescu- |
policeman was telephoned |
him to
after 8
permit
Shortly
not
Another attempt
made by the
attacked both
Once
ed and a
lor.
efor
1
pin, wi
-
neck.
¢ he arrived, however, Tur-|
hh the assistance of his faith-
ful dog, got away from his
and made a third and successful at-|
tempt drown, He ran to the!
anal, yelling “good-by" and jumped |
in Once more the men followed,
but the dog, more vicious than ever,
after the other from the!
canal. One of the men
passing the dog and
the stream, but the
and attacked him.
After minutes an officer ar-
rived, and by shooting at the animal
scared him from the canal. The res-|
cuers then succeeded In dragging
Turpin to shore after repeatedly div-
ing for the body, but he was dead. |
Turpin was the son of James P.!
Turpin nmitted suicide 10
rescuers’
to
hased one
of the
succeeded In
jumped into
dog followed
some
who come
YOars ago.
REDUCES LAND VALUES,
Presider
render
Harrisburg
Kunkel has
cigion in
Judge
The
appealed because there was
of over $
the asse 8807 4
50.000 in
valued wha
had been ised as wood
previousl)
land as coal land
In the decision Judge Kunk
that all land within
measure be valued at
rate of $15 an acre, that tim
land be taxed at $8 per and
barren land at 33 per The
ision is important the
appeal of the
county, whic
of coal land
Some of the
rected
unifare
acre
acre
as It is
kind t we made
large
de
in the h has a area
cuts made were strik-
i reduced from |
another fore
iron
$
third from |
ing, one t
$43,180
$16,611 to
$1.911,
216.640 to 2
$2.0
and a
ENJOINS UNION MINERS, i
On the appli-}
representing
Mine Operators in|
field, Judge J. M. |
county court is- |
Butler (Special).
by attorneys the |
Coal
Butler-Mercer
the
President fourteen
of the
Francis Feehan,
and all members
United Mine Workers’ of America in|
In the petition filed with the
it was declared the employees i
rious operators had
with the terms on which
the
satisfied
been |
Union |
izers from the Mine Workers’
appearance,
It is sald in the petition that
those who refused to join the union
were termed “scabs” and “black
hands,” and that in addition to this |
were frightened by the dis-
rifles or explo-
old powder kegs, accom-
threats, Conditions at
quiet,
of
panied by
the mines are
HURT ON “PENNSY" LIMITED,
Pittsburg (Spetial). — Three pas-
sengers on the Pennsylvania Limited,
due in Pittsburg at 9.45 o'clock P.
M., were Injured when the combined
Pullman and observation car Jus-
titia became derailed just outside
Union Station. The train was bound
from New York to Chicago.
The injured were Matthew Wil
kinson, of Philadelphia, hurt about
shoulder and head; Mrs. Matthew
Wilkinson, contusion of left side and
face; W. D. Wilson, Chicago, leg
sprained and head cut.
WANTS LANCASTER TOBACCO.
Lancaster (Special). — That the
fame of Lancaster County's tobacco
has become widespread was evidenc-
ed by the receipt of an order for
seed from Prince Hayoji Rad II.
8. Weaver, of Kinzer,
The Indian prince specifically
stated that he desired the broad leat
seed and that experiments would be
made on his farms at Barada.
————
Bank Cashier Dies Suddenly,
Milton (8peclal).—Major John M.
Caldwell, cashier of the First Na-
tional Bank, a Civil War veteran,
and one of Milton's most prominent
citizens, died suddenly of a bowel
malady.
Trolleymen Reject Wage Cut,
Pittsburg (Special). ~~ By practi
cally a unanimous vote the street
ear men of this city have rejected
the reduction of one cent an hour
| pending arbitration,
————
STATE TO APPEAL.
Harrisburg (Special).—An appeal
will be taken to the Supreme Court
from the decision of Judge Wanner,
of York County, in the case of the
commissioners of York County
aginst H. M. Schmauck, which in-
volves the payment of personal
property tax to the State and under
which the Commonwealth wou'd lose
many thousands of dollars.
It 18 charged that the defendant,
who lives at Hanover, did not make
true returns to the assessor for years
and that he escaped payment of State
tax amounting to $48,000, To make
this up the commissioners reassessed
the man, but at the expiration of the
year for which the tax assessment
was made, This action Judge Wan-
ner declared was {llegal.
The appeal will be made at once
80 that in the event of an adverse
decision the Legislature can be asked
to pass a bill covering the defect
law. Senator John E. Fox,
this elty, represented Auditor
General Young in the case,
INSANE.
Because
charged with
and
son, who is charged
believed to be, the
them were postponed
and a commission in
appointed examine
BE
(Special)
SLAYER MAY
Wilkes-Barre
Frank Boner, who is
wounding is. insane,
murder, is
Cases against
the Court
Was
John Boner.
During a family
John shot and killed his brother,
Louis, and was then stabbed and
wounded by his father. The
latter became insane after a few
weeks in jail and is now in an asy-
lum, and the son has been acting
queerly some time.
to
fight last Fall,
for
HEALTH OFFICERS AT WORK.
Reading (Special). — A
field officers from
of Health
corps of
Depart-
and
the State
arrived here
on the water shed
Malden Creek supply to see if
pollutions which were discovered
along the stream some time
have been abated
The health officers, w
for several weeks
water shed of the
River, are p ssing
thelr work anc
cleaning
Sch uylkill
apidly with
to
up the
soon
PARENTS FORGOT
Shamokin
Rothermel an
awoke early and found the
pled belr
house
CHILD.
often
flames. The
was fire in many places.
Fleeing for their
Nellie, an Infant
fell in the child
burning stairway to the
to the
house burned
060,
on
child.
crawled the
The
entail-
down
gireet,
ground,
THAIN ROBBE RS OX “PENNSY.™
Pittsburg
ted
express
{ Special) Two men se-
the ork-8t. Louis
on the Peansylvania, which
left tnis city at 8.556 P. M., entered
express car at Walkers’ Mills,
ten miles west of this city, on the
Pan Handle Division, overcame the
and Sucaped with
containin 8 currency.
cre on New Y
Canille Starts Blaze At Funeral,
Chester (Special). — During the
services over the remains of
the 14-year-old daughter of
Cariello, one of the lighted
ignited a lace curtain. The
| room quickly filled with smoke, but
the blaze was extinguished before
any serious damage resulted. The
body was about to be removed from
the house when the fire broke out
fire companies responded, but
| Maty,
Saverio
Reading (Special).
being implicated In an attempt to
secure from the local plant of the
American Iron & Steel Company a
secret process for the manufacture
of a screw spike, which is a new
thing used in rallroad construction,
W. P. Kelly, a stranger in the city,
was arrested and committed to jail
in default of $1,000 bail. Several
employees of the plant may be ar
rested as accomplices.
Charged with
Chester Fire Victim Dies,
Chester (Special). Charles Pul-
ten, one of the colored workmen
burned at the explosion and fire at
the American Dyewood Extract Com-
pany’'s plant, died in the Chester
Hospital. The other twelve men in
the hospital became very restless
when they saw Pullen's dead body
removed from the ward. Several of
the men are in a eritical condition.
i
Motormen Badly Beaten.
Chester (Special). — Two motor
men were assaulted at Twelfth
Street and REdgmont Avenue by
strike sympathizers and badly beat.
en. They were rescued by Lieuten-
ant Voorhees, of Troop A, State Con.
stabulary, who arrested one of the
men suspected of being in the at-
tacking party.
a
STATE ITEMS
The Schuylkill County Commis.
sioners, despite the depressing finan.
cial times, have decided to redeem
$60,000 of bonds, $20,000 more than
they had agreed upon for this yea
This will leave but $250,000 of coun.
ty indebtedness.
Rev. A. R. Meyers i as
r of Covenant U. B. Church,
caster, and Rev, Dr. Lowery, pre.
siding elder of the East Pennsylvania
Conference, appointed Rev. O, BE. Pil.
grim, of Lisbon, Towa, to the charge.
Jno. F. Gray & Son
Suscdusors 0,
GRANT HOOVER
Control Sixteen of the
Largest Fire and Lite
losurance Companies
fo the World. . . ..
THE BEST IS THE
CHEAPEST . . . .
No Mutuals
No Asesments
Before insuring 1
the contract of THE HOMB
which in case of death between
the tenth and twentieth years re.
turns all premiums peid in ad.
dition to the face of the policy,
to Loam on First
Mortgage
Office tn Ceider’s Stone Bullding
BELLEFONTE, PA.
Telephone Connection
ur life see
Money
80 YEARS’
EXPERIENCE
Trave Marks
Desions
CoryriGHTS &C.
Anyone sending a sketch and deseription mey
quickly ascertain our opinion free whether an
invention is probably patentable, Communics.
tions strictly confidential. Handbook on Paients
sent free. Cldest agency for searing patents,
Patents taken through Munn & Co. receive
mpecial notice, without charge, in the
Scientific American,
A handsomely Hustrated weekly, Largest ofp
culation of any scientific journal, Terms. $3 a
four months, $l. Bold by all newsdealers,
MUNN & Co, 36 erm. New York
Branch Waahirowan, I,
b-faflofo fob se de de de de ok kk ok kok kk
»
You Only Have to *
Steer Them and x
They Take You *
Everywhere.
»
Ahhh hkhk kh ddr bh hhh itn
“The Men Who
ok okok ok ok &
Learned to Fly"
tell the story of how they did it in
an article by George Kibbe Turnes
in McClure's Magazine. Ten years
ago the secret of men flying was mas-
tered, but no manageable machine
had been made. Two American bi-
cycle makers set to work to surmount
the last obstacle, equilibrium.
“Our idea was to secure a machine
which, with a little practice, could
be balanced and steered semi-auto-
matically, by reflex action, just as a
bicycle is. There {5 no time to be
given to conscious thought in bal-
fncing an aeroplane; the action of
the air is too rapid. * * »
“The problem of the real power
driven flying machine was exactly
what we knew ft must be—the ques-
tion of equilibrium. We secured the
use of a swampy meadow eight miles
east of Dayton, Ohio. On our tests
there it became clear that the flying
machine would operate well in a
straight line; the difficulty came im-
mediately upon turning corners, as it
was necessary to do in the small field.
Just what the trouble was we could
not tell. Several turns might be made
safely; then, all at once, the machine
would begin to lose its balance, and
must be stopped and brought down to
the ground. We kept experimenting
to discover the cause of the trouble
and the way of dealing with it, and in
the latter part of the year 1804 we
made some progress. We accom-
plished a complete circle on Septem-
ber 20, and two flights of three miles
each around the course in November
and December.
The Wright Brothers now claim to
have for sale an aerial warship which
will give the government purchasing
it 2 five years’ lead in flying machine
development,
Two pretty little princesses, Marga-
Charles of Sweden, are beloved by the
bright faces and kindly hearts.
babe, but the other two girls are un-
doubtedly the most popular children
in Sweden, and anecdotes concerning
them frequently appear in the news
papers.
Here is the iatest:
Last Tuesday, when Princess Inge
borg, their mother, was entertaining
a few friends at afternoon tea in her
new palace at Djurgarden, her little
daughters were called downstairs to
say “How do you do?” to the guests.
Later, the children, playing with
their dolls, became noisy, and had te
be reproved more than once. But the
noise continued. Princess Ingeborg
turned to her little girl, and re
marked: ‘
“Margaretha, a well-mannered
child should be before all things
obed —"
“Obedient,” answered the child,
without much show of enthusiasm.
“And when she is told to be quiet,
or to do anything, how many Umer
must mamma tell her?” .
“Six times,” replied Princess Mar
garetha, with a mischievous glance
at her mother’s friends, and there wae
general laughter. Home Herald.
AAS 15
HARD FLOOR.
Pearl—" "Was Clarence hurt when
Grace threw him over?”
Ruby--"I should say so. She
threw him over while they were roller
skating, and Clarence had to have
three stitches and Mla Sout planer.’
ATTORNEYS,
D. ¥. vomruzy
ATTORNEY -AT- LAW
BELLEFONTE, PA
Office North of Conrt House,
w ————
YU. HARRISON WALKER
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW
BELLEFONTE, PA
No. 19 W. High Street.
All professional business promptly attended Ww
= Ez ERR
8. D. Gorrie Ino. J. Bowes W.D. Zznaw
CS-ETTIG, BOWER & ZERBY
ATTORNEYS AT LAW
FaoLz Brook
EELLEFORTE, PA.
Successors to Oxvis, Bowzs & On |
ATTORNEY -AT-LAW
BELLEFONTR, PA.
Office N. W. corner Diamend, two doers from
First National Bank. ad
WwW G. RUNKLE
ATTORKEY-AT-LAW
BELLZFORTE. PA.
All kinds of legal boviness atiended to prompily
Fpecinl atten lou given 10 oovllections. Office,
Boor Crider's Exc hangs =
H B. EPANGLER
ATTORNEY AT LAW
BELLEFONTE. PA
Practices in all the courts. Consulistion is
English sod German. Ofoce, Crider's Exchangy
mixing rob
EDWARD ROYER, Proprietor.
Location : One mile South of Centre Hall,
wishing to enjoy au evening
attention. Mesls for sue
pared on short notice.
for the transient trade.
RATES + $1.00 PER DAY.
=
[be National Hote!
MILLEKIM, PA
L A. BHAWVER, Prop.
Past clam scoommodstions for the travele
00d table bosrd and sleeping apartments
The eholoest liquors at the bar. Blable ape
ommodations for horses is the best 0 bg
Bad. Bw Wand from all trains em the
Lewisburg and Tyrone Ratiroed, at Cobum
LIVERY
Special Effort made to
Accommodate Com:
mercial Travelers.
D. A. BOOZER
Centre Hall, Pa. Penna RR Ry
Pean’s Valley Banking Company
CENTRE HALL, PA
W. B. MINGLE, Cashi¢
Receives Deposits
Discounts Notes . . .
H. @. STRCHIEIER,
PE™N.
Manufacturer of
and Dealer In
HIGH GRADE ...
MONUMENTAL WORK
In ail kinds of
Marble aw
Granite, Po" b&w nyse