_mmn
ptr eo
fa
VOL. LXXVI.
CENTRE COUNTY
IN THE CIVIL WAR,
148th Regiment, Pennsylvania
Volunteers,
By 7 LP Mee r, 5 rgeant Co. A
Regiment, P. V.
{To be Continued.]
ow 148th
CHAPTER V. THE PRISONER'S
hy |
CENTI
when cold snaps came, they suffered
and froze, The National Government
apprised of the condition of the pris-
oners here, great supply
clothing by the “flag of truce boat”
route, up the James River.
It reached Belle Island Nov. 5th,
and was fairly distributed by the Con-
sent a
federate officers here, to the most des-
titu'e of the prisoners, and charged up
to them on their U. 8. Clothing ac-
Many of the prisoners gave
fictitious names and regiments, to es
count
So far wood to the
prisoners was concerned, it must be
admitted that for
the Confederate authorities to supply
furnishing
as
it was impossible
the twelve thousand prisoners, in and
around Richmond with the
quired to Keep fires going.
cities is a great and
hundred cords a day would
sufficed. Wood was worth fifty tosev-
enty-five dollars a cord. M
aud I once bought two sticks of dry,
pine cordwood, for two dollars aud a
wood re-
Wood, in
item |
costly one
not have
chum
half.
Ope day a team, f
with a detail of
prisoners, and a guard, were sent out
for
us they
to some timber for » load of wood
the bake house, Lut, as soon
got into the woods the prisoners ran
away ; the guard shot off his gun ; no
body was hurt, the wagon came lack
empty, but the choppers had fled,
The great de«preciation of the Con-
federate (Cus rency was one of the most
remarkable phenomena of this ex
traorcinary war
Dui ;
mond, ti
only
disc i
falling; t
ment
around for se
they uiig
totter
failed.
they held
effort
lief.
When
was stated
diers sliovwed to
CGreenbacks,”” our National
But they were giad to
could get. Liste the
camp ten in
amounts of Confederale money, to sell
They
ie snes
the credit
raise
avernment, but all
iculi to how
long
and sacrifices were beyond bee
imagine
Certainly their
we first reached the Island it
that
fol
the ufederate se
Were accey
Money
all
officers of
with
tale thev
the
sent Hnmense
for Green-backs would
and down through camp, and shout,
“who has Green-Backs Ten
for dollar Greer -
back.” Coufederate money at tbe
time, whi
“(Greenbacks’ were worth about forty-
five cents dollar in
money."’
Our bed, and this was
20 U
t pedl 7
dollais Confed one
was as quoted above,
on a “sound
much come
pared with most of them, cousisted of
three blankets and an oil cloth, First,
the oil cloth wasspread ou the ground;
on this was blanket, This
was the bed for three of us, two
blankets covered us, “over head apd
ears,’ as before described, all winter,
“Spooued'’ tightly together, we al-
ways lay on our sides ; there could be
no change for rest. Lying ou the hard |
ground, corus, often the size of half
dollars, would form on hips, shoulders,
knees and ankles, aud be excessively
sore. When one could not possibly
stand it any longer on the “down
side’’ on account of the pain in these
bed sores, he would say over! All
three would immediately begin to wab-
ble and turn till the spoon arrange-
ment would be reversed, In the morn-
ing of very cold pights, there would
be a spikey frost half an uch thick on
our upper blankets, caused by the es-
caping moisture of our breaths from
underneath ; this we would thrash off’ |
as much as we could; if allowed to]
thaw thereon the blanket would be
quite wet. :
The winter was a severe one, The’
deepest snow we had was five inches,
and lasted a week, during which we
had zero weather, We had many
lighter snows, much cold rain, apd
many great, sudden changes,
This thickest joe was about six ineh-
es. Many prisoners froze to death,
mostly, or wholly, by reason of their
own improvidence' When the weath-
er wie mild, as it often was, they old
spread a
nnd
i
ing Ww the Confederate Guards, and
:
the
clothing.
The wntinued
days, and was well done. The selling
the Confederates now
became a great business and it was not
long till pearly all of the Confederate
guards were partly, or wholly, in new
Lliue uniforme
cape payment of this uniform
distribution es several
of clothing to
with pew Union over.
, and the erstwhile
coats on their backs
ragged union prisoners, were as rag-
ged as before, shivering in the cold
On Jan, 18th,
1864 shipments of uniform
ciothing
Dec. 12th, 1863, and
further
from
Washington reached
our Island Prison E
fairly issued to the
campioent, and
“destitute prison
ers.’ Bul, no sos these is
spir-
manifested
who
Ler were
sues made than the
it of
itself,
improvident
the prisoners sgsin
and the same men sold
their clothing before sold it again, and
Many
all
entire gray,
of
trifling
were ji ragged as before
iformns of
federa’e suit
"money,
vg bares
1d all
IE HALL, PA.., THURSDAY,
| OUR FARMER YOUTH and the PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
By Prof. Willet M. Hays, University of Minnesota.
The collegigte agricultural course in | mary, secondary, and collegiate
the University of Minnesota, with schools, will be able to overcome the
which agricultural high-school present difficulties in cooperative ef-
course articulates, is, in turn, made up | fort in rural affairs. That colleges can
of about one-third general and human- | do much to promote extensive cooper-
izing studies, one-third sciences re-| ation is shown in Minnesota by the
lated to agriculture, and one-third | influence the college and station exert-
technical agricultural subjects. Gradu-| ed in bringing about a magnificent sys-
ates of college courses are in great de-| tem of cooperative creameries. The
mand as teachers of specialties or for | Minnesota and Illinois stations have
research work in experiment stations successfully inaugurated systems of co-
jor in the United States Department of | operation in the breeding and dissemi-
the
{ Agriculture. Graduate cotrses are al-
{#0 provided for graduates waiting for
la position, for gradustes of other agri-
enltursl colleges, or for
' graduntes who,
after some years, wish to return and
further pursue a speciaity.
of the
part of the
The organ-
jzation State experiment sta.
agricultural col.
added fa.
Positions as
LHODM us »
leges in post =i TiIVes
Ciiitiesw for
Assistant cxperiment
nul Depart.
Agricnilure, serve as
|
| stations, and
1
i ,
ment of excel
[ lent post-graduate training for nuany.
AN ARTICULATED SYSTEM Of
The
consolidated
which will cover an area from three to
five miles square; agricultural high
schools, each to cover nearly a dozen
counties;
EDUCATION
plat of
proposed articulating
rural schools, each of
and the agricultural college
course in the State university or State
college of agricnlture and mechanic
arts, will meet of four fac-
tors,—namely, the pupils, the teachers,
the of practical instruetion,
and the subject matter to be taught,
The fact that nearly every farm boy
and girl who bas had the advantage of
a course of study in the Minnesota
Agricultural High School is not only
enthusiastic in its praise but desires to
live on a farm, is proof that the school
has a faculty of instructors peculiarly
adapted to its work, and that the plan
of the setiool and the available subject
matter are such that agricultural high-
school education succeeds and
While the home, the con-
solidated rural school, and the agricul-
tural high train
and the farm home,
need for
writers,
the needs
Courses
meets
the need.
the farm
there is
school for
large
experimenters,
with
teachers,
and other specislists
higher training, such as is supplied in
I'he
articulated
the college course in agriculture
proposed #ysalem of three
all the
i
classes of schools needs along
: they |
{
rosuntariy i
’ |
by the National
fers, were made |
i
{ loth, of |
and should i
ail wool
*cnaraclier, i
s fasted 8 prisover several
without becoming ‘‘desperately rag-
ged,”
As before in
and lousy there was no CRCRpe The
3
Years |
i
1
imated, we were dirty
seams of our uniforms were white,
crusted streaks of pits and verve pm re «H
Every
i
» i
there was no res’ day or night
of prisoners |
en the ground |
throughout the camp, in the sun, bare
with
mild day hundreds the
could be seen sitting
their shirts
turned inside out, and spread on their
knees, kil
{We
backed, for hours,
ling the pestiferous ‘gray-
the thumb nails. This
was such a corpuon and general oecu-
pation that the prisoners so engaged
did not attract the least attention of
other prisoners standing round or pass-
ing by.
Whew! We can
they trooped across nur breasts and up
backs’ be
feel them yet, as
and down our backs and lege, when
we wanted to sleep.
Among the Union prisoners captur-
ed by the Confederates during the
Bristoe campaign, were a great many
of the recruits who had joined the Ar-
my shortly before the campaign open-
ed ; men who took big bounties and
never intended to do any service,
In N.Y. City bounties ranging from
one thousand to fifteen hundred dol-
lars were paid for a three years’ re-
cruit at this time. This brought ina
lot of depraved, New York City
toughs, Among them were a banded
gaug of Irish villains, who halted not
at any crime ; they were cruel, heart.
less, stout and powerful men,
They soon had followers and became
a powerful and greatly fewred gang of
bold desperadoes, whose ill will we had
abundant reason to fear. They start-
ed their robberies at Orange Court
House, where we boarded the train fo
It was my misfortune to be shut in
with them in the same freight car,
They would light 8 eaudle, then lo-
cate a soldier whio they thought nad
money, pack round him then put out
would throw his arm around the vie
timi's neck from bebind and choke
him, while the rest would rifle his
pockets, If, on being released he said
un word, be would be knocked down,
line teachers broadly
No doubt
teachers must be educated
high schools, academies, and
schools, which more or less closely
and technically
trained many of these
in existiog
normal
articulate with sgricultural colleges.
A large class of farmers, educated in
their specialty under a common sys-
tem, where each student gains a wide
acquaintance with bis fellows in pri-
bery.
in Libby Prison, at
On the second night of our stay
midnight, in a
a general fight broke out, in which
took a hand,
Friends and comrades choked and
knocked each other down in the deep
It was the worst row in
which I ever took a hand, and it only
ended when about forty Confederate
Guards, with fixed bayonets rushed
in, guided by a dozen lanterns held
high on bayonets, shouting, order ! or-
der! Meanwhile clubbing and prod-
ding the fighters with bayonets, as
they charged through the center of
the room. During this row, probably
half a hundred were more or less seri-
ously hurt, and # sick man trampled
to death.
i mt eon Ap MA
“What shall we do with our ex-
Presidents ?'’ aske an exchange. Why |
the best thing to do right now would
be to double their number.
d rkness,
Mn — i Mp si :
William L. Elkins, in his will re
cently probated, provided $250,000 to |
be applied to a female orphanage un-|
der the direction of the Masonic order, |
a —— p——
The Panama transaction may make
necessary a complete change in the
Republican Presidential program. It
will be taking a great risk to go into
the next eampaign with this Panami-
no Administration, with its violation
of the dearest principles of this Gov
ernment political issue. Panama al-
ready threatens to rival if not over-
shadow the issue of the tariff.
Sno —-— — A
When the New England expert said
of the great Philadelphia filtration
plant, with its probable cost of $25
000,000, that “somebody has stolen
half your money,” he was not aware
of the methods of municipal jobbery
in this city or he would doubtless huve
used plain lavgusge. He had no
knowledge of the honest processes by
which »!l important municipal jobs |
have fallen to one and the same pang |
of contractors in the absence of a ligiti-
mate com petition,
The will of Willigm Colyer was pro
nation of ®arieties of wheat and
which yield from 10 to 20 per cent,
more value peracre without additional
corn
cost of tillage,
a large body of ex-students, organized
to promote cooperative business, social,
and other merged efforts among farm-
ers, the agricultural college, asgricul-
tural high
schools, and experiment
stations would be profoundly influen-
civie as well educations]
The
country telephones, experimental re-
tin! in ue in
affairs, rural delivery of mails,
search in agriculture, and cooperative
enterprises in dabiying, and in fire aud
hail insurance, are doing =o much for
the furmoer that he is more than form-
erly ready to have faith that
country roads and education for farm-
ers may be greatly improved. These
two last-named difficult problems are
worthy of still more discussion and
experimentation,
even
A prominent lecturer on economics
truthfully stated to bis class that to
conduct a farm in a proper manner re-
quires a knowledge of more facts and
more pripeciples than to successfully
bank An edueator who
was brought upon a farm truly said
that the boy who goes from city life to
conduct a
live in the country has much more to
learn than the boy from the country
learn upon entering city life,
Our educators are commencing tosee
has to
that the book of nature, and especially
the volumes contsiniog the stories of
the industries and of our homes, are
gaining a piace of great interest in our
public education. The body of
thought along these lines is being put
into pedagogical form, aad has already
gained a strong place beside the accu-
muistions of general subject matter,
Our stores of literature are gaining a
wider audience, because our industrial
their
and their lives up where time and
means can be afforded
Most
been
books.
classes are bringing
ture
not
transcribed from
nature and to understand the interpre-
of by
the farm
tations
Life on
broader, and truer.
uature written
The farm home is
becoming stronger,
POMONA GRANGE MEETING,
To be Held in
Hall
Grange Arcadia,
December lat,
A meeting of Centre County Pomo-
na Grange will he held in Grange Ar-
cadia, Centre Hall, Tuesday, Decem-
ber 1st, at 9:30 a, m., at which time
the following program will be ren-
dered:
Opening in 4th Degree ; appoint-
ment of commitiees ; application for
membership; address of welcome,
Progress Grange ; response, Worthy
Lecturer of Pomona Grange ; protec-
tion of birds on our farms from hunt
ers, and prohibiting hunting of birds
with dogs ; music; recitation ; report
of Secretary of Fire Insurance Compa-
ny ; recess until 1 p. m.
Music ; report of vommittee on ap-
plications ; balloting for candidates ;
conferring of degree of Pomona ; bien-
nial election of officers ; report of com-
mittee on Encampment and Exhibi-
Is it advisable for Pomona Grange
to hold special meetings for the pur-
pose of assisting Subordinate Granges
during the coming winter ?
Should money at interest, bonds,
mortgages, banking and trust compa.
nies, printing and publishing houses,
mercantile property, salaries, transpor-
tation and transmission companies,
building and loan associations snd all
private corporations doing busingss for
profit, be taxed locally at the same
mill rate farms and homes are taxed,
for school and road purposes ?
What is the average mill rate for
taxation on this class of property for
all governmental purposes compared
with the average mill rate of taxation
on real estate ?
Should the farmers approve the
adoption of the new road law until
personal and corporate property hold-
ers agree to be taxed locally at the
same rate that real estate would be
taxed for road construction ?
Miscellaneous ; closing.
——
Piano Lessons Free.
Hee offer of The Pittsburg Bunday
Dispateh on another page.
they practiced the same system of rob.
bated Baturday wighout protest,
Colt sale Saturday.
19, 1903.
WABASH NEWER.
The Route of the New Road from Pitts
burg to New York,
For the past five weeks the Centre
Reporter has weekly been giving in-
formation regarding the work of a
corps of engineers located at Coburn,
eastward
and pushing through the
mountains. . Their line from Bober has
been south of the L.and T. R. R.
The following taken from the Pitts-
burg Post further proves that this pa-
per’s bearings are practically correct
The Post says President Joseph Ram-
sey of the Wabash road disclaims that
the work is being done for that com-
that assertion does not
that Wabash
not pass over the line if built,
pany, but Hees
essarily say trains will
The Pittsburg Post says :
From the energy with which sur-
Veying engineering
the ro
corps are pushing
ute of a new railway through
portions of Armstrong, I wa, Clear-
field, Cambria, Blair and Centre coun-
ties in this
that
to be built between Pittsburg and New
York on as pear a
had. The Post
project is no
state, it is plainly evident
more than a “paper” railroad is
bee-line as can be
hax learned that this
more a contemplated
move, but it has been absolutely im-
possible to ascertain the backers of the |
gigantic proposition. It is known that
the promoters of the new line have
driven over the route twice during the
past summer,
The proposed line is to be 73 miles
shorter than the Pennsylvania
tween Pittsburg and New York, and
through
structed on
bee
the mountains is to be coi
an average level
five feet higher than the Pennsylvania
line, The surveying corps are now at
work in the southern part of Centre
county, in the vicinity of Ingleby and
Coburn. The same corps of engineers
were recently engaged in surveying
the line through the southern
Clearfield and the
Cambria counties,
route the irees
sevenly-
part of
northern part of
Along the outlined
NO. 46.
TOWN AND COUNTY NEWS.
HAPPENINGS OF LOCAL INTEREST
FROM ALL PARTS.
Buy a mule Saturday.
to colt
afternoon,
Come the sale Baturday
Jacob Lee and John Carper, both of
Linden Hall, were in town Baturday.
H. G. Union
county on business the latter part of
last week,
Btrohmeler was in
Adam Hoover renewed his contract
with the Milwaukee harvester compa
ny and will be ready for business next
Year.
The colts to be gold Baturday are se-
stock
dar-
lected from the best Kentucky
fare. They Lave action, style.
ability.
Ms, Lf, Mille, is
Long, of Potters the
proud papa of a baby girl since Thurs.
day of last week.
Mrs. L
her
Rhone Of Lis
Wickhiia
her
place, is on
way lo Kansas, where
she will visit brother, Robert
Sankey.
George O. and Mrs. Ben-
Merchant ”
Centre Hall, will
Sunday at
ner, of next
1 ’
Mrs. Benner's
spena
home of
the
parents at Martha.
Among the young men who called
on the Reporter Saturday were Messrs,
J. D D. P.
near Farmers Mills,
Mrs
to Philadelphia where she will remain
Rossman and wam, of
Nancy Benner recently
+ ¥
went
with her daughters, Misses Bess
Breeze and
and
John, who for some
time have been in that city.
Bev. J. PF. onducting a
series of meetings in the United Evan-
Bon
Shultz is
i
gelical church at Egg |
INg= are
ill. The meet.
being well attended and are
accomplishing much good,
Among the callers Baturday was J.
Pp (rrove, Hall. Mr.
the intense farmers in
east of Centre
{srove is one of
to make soll
beyoud an ordinary crop.
his section, who strives
Vis i
P. W. Anthony shot a coon Batu
iy that
The animal
was chased into Renovo by
h
crawled to thet p
3
fan electric light pole, when it was
are cut and a distinet
beginning made for the new road
will pierce through ridges and span |
valleys through
One of
the mountain region. |
. i
the objects understood to bel
i
i
|
i
i
i
|
i
|
i
in view, aside from the main object of
forcing through the
bee-line
New
Pennsylvania |
mountains a route between
York, is that of!
State. Thus the north
of Colombia counties will be reached |
1
:
Hy de |
have been |
wrought up over the proposed line
While the smaller towns of Clearfield
and Centre counties are certain that
the line is a Wabash project, President
Joseph Ramsey, Jr., of the Wabash,
when asked about the matter while he
was here recently, said that it was not
a Wabash venture,
The new road will leave the route of
the Lewisburg & Tyrone at or near
Pardee, Union county, following Penns
creek easstwardly and reaching Biau-
bury. It will pass north of Shamokin,
thence through Columbia county,
touching Newkirk, Schuylkill county,
passing the Black mountain ridge at
Lehigh Gap, on the line between Car-
bon and Lehigh counties, thence going
through Northampton county to the
Delaware river opposite Belvidere, N.
J., it will cross Warren, Morris and
Essex counties, N. J.
A ——
Nataral Uae in Juniata County.
The Union Oil and Gas Company,
with headquarters at Mifflintown has
struck an apparently large pocket of
natural gas at its drilling near East
Waterford, Juniata county. Ferdi-
pand Meyers, its vice president, says
that the company hopes to supply
Harrisburg and Lewistown.
When the well was sunk the compa-
ny hoped to strike oil, but the drillers
reported that they were wasting their
energy and quit their jobs. Six weeks
afterward Columbus Sarvis, of East
Waterford, visited the shaft and
thought he saw fumes coming out of it.
He touched a match to the pipe and
the flames jumped up twenty feet in
the air. Then the company started to
bore for gas and discovered that the
shaft had been plugged with iron,
Wednesday of last week the shaft
was shot with 150 pounds of dynamite,
and when the drill was inserted sgain
it dropped down to 1417 feet, 120 feet
lower than it had been before. When
an attempt was made to plug the open-
ing the wooden stopper was blown
out, and an irom plug will be put in.
worked out. Leechburg.and
Altoona capitalists are organizing a
fire insurance company, which wiil be
capitalized at $300,000,
omptly dispatched by Mr. Anthony,
I'he one and two year old Kentucky
Coils sold at Centre Hall Sa
to be
day will give an « portunity
’
chase a first-class driving
small amount of mo
ETrOow a driv
one at five or six years
J. H
Leitzel, of Lew sburg,
roundhouse connected wit
that place, in
Mre,
Miss Lulg
funeral of Mrs.
which took place Saturday,
with his
daughters,
William C. Baxcu and
ended the
y Bl-
Feidler
Fbomas Palmer, of Potters Mills,
last week happened to meet a man in
the Seven Mountains
Palmer's) valuable bird
was considerable
leading his
There
growling, other than
dog growling, in which the owner led
dog.
off, before the dog's ownership was
settled.
The Lancaster county school teach-
ers adopted a resolution asking that
suitable houses be erected near every
school house in that county for the ac-
commodation of school teachers. Lan-
caster county employs only the best
teachers, and each year is improving
its schools,
The widow of John Wolf, of Rebers-
burg, had a handsome monument
erected recently to mark the resting
piace of her husband. The work was
executed by H. G. Strolimeier, of this
place. Mr. Strohmeier also put up a
stone over the grave of Nathan Bower-
80x, in Rebersburg.
The Reporter is indebted to the
Bradford hunting party for a portion
of venison killed on their recent hunt.
ing expedition in the Beven Moun-
tains, The hunters have decided that
next year they will go to the Alle-
gheny Mountains for their annual
meet. Their record this year was
three deer, ;
Let us be thankful that a President’
daughter cannot dictate a fashion as
does royalty, if it be true as reported,
which heaven forbid, that Alice Roose
velt rides horseback astride. The only
American women who can do that sort
of thing gracetully are the female abo-
rigines, It will be time enough for our
women to ride like squaws when the
dress like them,
The Reporter was pleased to have a
call from Messrs. Elmer W, Leitzel
and William C. Baxon who came to
Centre Hall to attend the funeral of
Mrs. Feidler. Mr, Leitzel is a ma.
chinist in the Pennsylvania railroad
shops at Bunbury and lives at that
place. Mr, Baxon is a resident of Ls w-
isburg, and for a number of years has
been with the hardware firm of C.
Dreisbauch & Son, of that town, as a
salesman. Both are energetic and re-
liable young men, and the Reporter
will always be ready to welcome them