1 have always had my share of woodchucks, and I never could get rid of them until last season. | il ounce carbon bisulphide where an old one had young. The next morn ing I dug out the hole and found them dean. A neighbor joined with me and We got twenty pounds carbon bisul- phide. One pound is enough for fifty furrows, and not one of the hundreds we have treated has ever dug out un- ‘88 there was some opening that we missed. Pour from one to two spoon- fuls on anything that will absorb the stuff, put it into the hole several feet, push down a sod nearly to it, fill in with dirt and tramp down. main outlets the same and next sea- ion one will be puzzled to find the lace. —A. B. Johnson, in Orange Judd Farmer, STRAWBERRY CULTURE In planting for commercial yoses, be sure to have the early late sorts, and then see to {t that are planted separately that there will be no danger mixing. It only possible to make a success with strawberries by having both early and ate producing plants, because when all the fruits come together there is sure to be some trouble in marketing hem successfully. Half late and half early and medium varieties give the best results. The plants put in sarly spring should not be allowed to produce the same season. Should fruit buds appear pinch them off. To get fruits in one year the plants must be set out in the middle of summer, and then they can be allowed to yield all wish the following spring By planting this spring and keeping off fruit buds until next we have strong, sturd; and excellent crop of Good plants, to begin with, the first step, but they strong and sturdy and protection The of every plant is to propagate itself and it will attempt this to such-an extent that it will ruin its own vitality it will send buds and runners to such a lavish degree that in a very short time will le left of the plant, and numbers than quality will be the This tendency must be checked vitality the plants must be con- served, and the strength limited to a few fruits and runners instead of dis sipated over many. The runners must be removed as as they appear during the fruiting season if we are after commercial fruits. It must ome out either in the plants or fruits With good culture and rich this system of checking the runners will make the crop of strawberries large ind profitable By following such a simple process strawberry culture really a very simple thing, and from good plants we can be sure of crops that will sell in any market t the plants obtainable can be ruined by letting runners extend in all dire tions. Even when new plants needed the runners should Himited in numbers. —8 W. Chambers, in *merican Cultivator. pur and they sO of is out they the season plants berries, must must will All be be Kept by seitesp jiture good first impulse out here be littl L result of ast soil is $s Bu best are he DESTRUCTION OF BORERS Years of study of the habits of tha borer and contention with this in sidious pest has caused me to adopt an efficacious remedy To cut the borer out leaves an ideal wound and place for another deposit of eggs the following season. This must also be cut or dug out. If repeated about three times it generally kills the tree Any exposed bark on the trunk or limb of a tree caused by a leaning top, crook or bend of a limb, where the sun's heat is sufficient to partly dry the sap and hatch the egg of the beetle depositing it, is liable to Be at. tacked. Once through the bark. the worm devours the partly dried wood Just underneath the bark as far as the sun's heat has rendered it palat- cuts its way deep into the where it remains until the spring, a slow and tedious job For a number of years 1 looked over my trees, and wherever I find a borer has entered, | cover with a batch of stiff clay, secure it in place with a piece of burlap and strings (never use wire) and let it wood, next and the wound pear, it made will disap The coating of clay and cloth flow of sap, which the borer cannot stand, and it either dies or is driven out. While the nippers or mandi bles of the worm are sharp enough to cut partly dried wood, which it eats, they are not adapted to cutting dried clay, and when it starts out of the tree to enter the ground to form a chrysalis preparatory to be. coming a perfect beetle, it strikes the covering of clay and dies it matters but little, however, what becomes of it, as the covering of clap makes its entry into the tree impossible. A bucketful of clay and a handful of burlap and strings in the hands of a man who knows where to look for the pest, will de Stroy more borers in a day than he can do by any other method in a month. —W. J. Patton, in American Agriculturist. CORNSTALK DISEASE. Governor Dockery, of Missouri, re. quested Dr. Netherton to investigate loss of cattle from poison on staiks. Dr, Netherton reports that it is caused by decomposition of nubbins upon which worms lad previously feérsted. The nightshade has been aecused of killing the animals, but fn a re- cent statement J. J. Edgerton, of the | Experiment Station of lowa, save | that the nightshade iz not polson | Then what are the cornstalks, { what is the disease, and what is the | remedy ? i The corustalks are a dead mum { mified mass of cellulose, or wood. | They are the remains of a crop you have produced, and when it is ready for harvest let it stand in the field and die. Cornstaik disease or infectious i were so; then by would be compelled to quarantine { every cornfield the corn had | not been cut and harvested properly, The disease is indigestion, gastro enteric vertigo. Deéatu produced 80 suddenly in most that the post-mortem shows almost no In a few that have not died 80 suddenly we find congestion and inflammation of the stomach and in testines, a fragile condition of the mucosa of the stomachs The con tents of the stomach are in a nice, pulpy condition There is no im- The contents of the third stomach or manifold in cattle is sometimes in a dry condition, de pending upon the lengtn of time di- gestion has been arrested Death produ by and a reaction ‘nervous system. a in ach. The remedy is plain and easy its application are First, in not losing animals ond, the reward of feeding animals well and taking them through the winter in good flesnm and condition Cornstalk dise ror, and the in field face has tur hard and horny, duct We may honestly and There is would eat (if manner as the There {8 no th you not contagious sometimes wish it State law we is our where is Cases lesions indigestion upon the the stom is eu shock or ciub In paid Seo you doubly a dietetic er that has stood beautiful and spoiled ase is cornstalk until its ned the brown, pro- at corn. black is a as look the well acknowledge no other forage our treated in the same cornstalks use guessing what that a Eerm a on e stalks AUSOS Hitle 3 4 end whether smut, a toxine, a worm-eaten it lig saitpetre, a or a nubbin to to death.—W, you are mpel them eat thus star then A Thomas, an, Ving PD ¥ before Association KEEPING DOWN WEEDS It is important to parsnips in early down of the weeds will be cult. To delay planting until after the corn ir double the labor required In keeping the ground clean. The plan used with to let the weeds grow one or two high, use a cultivator, working let the gel a and then go over the plot with the cultivator, fine as to prepare bed for the seed. Soms dread a carrot crop, owing getting ahead of the young carrots, but if the weeds are first allowed to put in an appearance they can be so thoroughly eradicated as to render the work of keeping the clean much easier than any method get Carrots or the more diff such crops Crop goes crops is about inches then weed again more rowing the a suitable seed farmers to the until every start once weeds 880i! 80 weeds by GROWING ARTICHOKES There is no crop raised on the farm which can be successfully grown with less labor than artichokes. On ground of the same richness they will yield more satisfactory returns than most grains, and soll of fair fertility will readily produce three to four hun No doubt with heavy manuring the fabulous yields sometimes reported might be reached, but as this has not been pos sible with my experience 1 cannot speak from personal knowledge. My method of growing is to plow deep and harrow the ground well, then with the plow open furrows four or five inches deep and thuree and a half [ do not like to go down to “hard pan” in making the seed ment and no ob If seed I select the medium sized artichokes and drop in the fur. sixteen inches apart From seed thus planted several stalks will grow to a hill. If it is desired the seed may be cut in pleces, one eye to the plece as potatoes, and the pleces may be dropped a little closer Cover the artichokes by turning a furrow right back into the receive the seed, as when planting potatoes: this leaves Do not disturb until weeds begin to show, then with in all directions This should be done before the artichokes appear. Usual ly this is sufficient wuntii the art! chokes are large enough so the rows can be followed with the cultivator. If the ground is very foul a s.cond harrowing may be necessary to de troy the sprouting weeds, This should be lengthwise of the rows. Usually the one harrowing and two plowings with cultivator are all that Is needed, the artichokes soon getting high enough to exclude the sunlight from any new weeds that may start up, thus choking them effectually.—D, C. C, in Agricultural Epitomist. No More “Bornin’.” A little boy In a Yorkville Sunday schoo! was asked if he did not want to be born again. “Born again!” he ex. clamed. “Naw, I would not.” “You wouldn't?” said the teacher, sadly, “Why not?" “’Cause I might be a gel was the naive reply. New York STERILIZED VEGETABLES. NAY TO KILL GERMS ON THEM AS A MATTER OF PRUDENCE. #00d Receipes For Stewed Lettuce and Ways to Cook Radishes—Bor- acic Acid Quite Harmliess—Danger of Eating Raw Vegetables. *3t standing recently stated that a very serious fever epidemic had been traced 0 the use of raw celery, which was found upon investigation to have been fertilized with night soil containing disease germs. Watercress has often of typhold fever Yet who harbor all sorts of germ fads and superstitions calm!y munch lettuce and celery with no thought of aow they may have been cultivated and very little as how they have been cleaned As a matter of fact, which are a Are when prefers raw germs, to vegetables eat raw but if vegetable it is the many We ustomed to deilcion ooked one the simplest thing in the world to it A saturate solution of kept in a Jar on the ki will insure a sterilized head of lettuce, Dilute a cupful of the with one of water, and after the lettuce has freed from grit, dip it antiseptic bath with cold steril boracic acid ir chen table Ze fruit soution been into the Then rinse imme and treated in the carefully diately water “erve Celery shouid be way, each stalk being pulled apart to insure ieani Some that it really stiff kitchen corry celery {s rubbing with a grit needs s brush to {from gated stalks, Apropos to the mitting Ameri sOrIDAL wil i remove vexed question of ad into Germany re is quite harm an meats chemists have themselves 1 ports that boracic acid less, and the sinister deter not ng it vegetal iS It iS ver process of rrefore, it may be impunity Radishes a delicious dish when 1 bolled, and hich Ay t indulged ¢ unable to itil tender in iin by | | digest barely enough salted water to cover take off the saucepan lid water boll down about half: | add as much Rub them. Then { and lof the milk there is water flou As together a tablespoonful and one of ing milk and stis This iz a th who thing to ol butter: add this to the boil until it thi te Swiss Kens favori dish Ose don’t know ook forward to it is U Iarier and put enough mi i steam id a dash of pepper, a Let it stand and serve vegetables are way of preparing { heads, wash very in to carefully a double boller cover it. let th tuce is tender, ac tablespoonful of i till the bulter is melted The | boiled { for the soup pot be al to si come part of the sauce, for it contains { 8 great deal of the bicarbonate of pot. ash which Makes some The French make a deli by boiling young, tender peas in a tie water, adding a tablespoonful butter. A head of fresh, clean is set in with the peas and allowed to steam thoroughly until tender. The lettuce then removed to a heated platter, a little milk added to the peas mixed with a tablespoonful of flour When this comes to the boiling point the thickened peas are poured over and around the lettuce and served Cook in the same way as spinach, and served with butter aud a hard boiled egg. chopped fine an excel lent dish Cabbage cooked after the following recipe is palatable to many people who cannot eat the vegetable as ordinarily cooked. Chop the cabbage as for cold slaw and put it boiling water Boil exactly minutes; not a minute longer. Drain off the water, add’ sufficient milk to cover a dish of paprika and a I’'ttle butter and flour mixed. When thig be. comes quite hot again shake in liber. ally grated Parmesan cheese. Let {it stand a few minutes and serve. This is a good lunch dish where little meat is eaten. The milk and cheese make it quite substantial. A clove of garlic boiled with cabbage gives it a most delicious flavor not at all gariicky. Few people realize how infinitely su- perior to the fine white turnip ig the common yellow one vegetable with a bit of garlic. add black pepper and a good Jump of but. ter, and you will never use the white sort again, Small radishes boiled whole with a spoonful of minced parsiey make a delicious salad when cold. Serve with a French dressing. A very good Macedoine saled is made by adding to the radishes ard parsley cold stewed celery and sirifig boans. with until let { butter water in which i drained off Otherwise it should be saved should mmer d and be. owed own vegetables whole. dish iit of lettue © ious is is twenty to it a tablespoonful each of pickled nasturtium seeds and chopped chives, Mix this with the Macedsine and serve, The pod of peas which we extrav. agantly throw away are never wasted by the thrifty Frenchwoman. Covered with water they are allowed to sim. mer then pressed through a colander. This makes an excellent stock tn which to boll lettuce. With the addition of a single slice of bacon, a pinch of thyme, and a clove of garlic, it makes an unsually good soup.-—Washington Star, : Hedgehog and Viper, , A resident at Versailles, M. Guignet, sends to Nature a vivid account of a uel he saw between a hedgehog a knew moment's inattention would be fatal, The viper was the first to get tired of gazing and it began to glide away. {Just then the hedgehog rushed for [the viper's tail, and having nailed it {fast with its teeth, rolled itself up. | The hedgehog was very careful, how- ever, not to cut the tail off. The viper { curled back, and delivered furious as- saults on its aggressor, wrestling and rolling with the curled-up hedgehog all over the place, At length the | snake, wounded in a hundred places, | died. The hedgehog vegan its repast fon the tail of its victim, and was care- { ful not at the head London | New to { A FAMILY OF CONSULS, { History of an Appointment Held in England Since Washington's Time. When Horation States Consul at Gibraltar | months Was the Sprague fami! the but this United a few that en longer in than other, that meme- Fox, the Sprague, died announced had b service ago, it consular any recent rove the nouses of investigations 1 distinction of have belongs to bers the who celebrated continuously retained consniship the e States Government at since tabiishmen State Wash- Ww Department is D.C the first ington Fox, Rabert indiather * present appointed George May for her hospital of Portugal, there Re Wore consul in 181 wh ihe rt the study of science, and made many that tempera overies. In 1815 he proved was a increase of ture experienced Mu descending Cor nish mines—a fact assert. ed by the Saxon miners, but long dis Humbodt and valuable in tor dipping in every dis there real previously puted by such men as Arago Among his many ventions defle which has been Arctic and Antarctic that time in determining the magnetic diffi parts of the the the Was necdle used since expedition condition of the rent earth's surface President Lincoln appointed the third consul, Alfred Fox, in This gentleman won the highest commenda- tion from for his ef. ciency and faithfulness during the late war. The coast at Falmouth is very dangerous, and often ships are wreck- ed there. Mr. Fox did all in his power in rendering help to these ship-wrees- ed crews, and for this was highly re warded by the heads of the nations. Howard Fox, F. G. S., the present consul, was appointed by President Grant. He had been acting as deputy consul, but in 1874 his father to the consulate 1863 ih the government succeeded Arresting Persons for the Rewards. ‘It's time something ~as peing done | to put a stop to the practice indulged in by certain men of arresting per gons suapected of being fugutives from the insane asylum.” remarked a police man & few days ago. “There is a | standing reward for the arrest of es { caped patients, and a number of peo ple about Hillsdale and Anacosta goem to be on the lookout for them. Some pedestrians and even some per. | sons who were in vehicles have been ‘held up’ and subjected to annoyances, “The practice of these men,” added | the officer, “is something on the order of the conduct of pome members of the | police force, who seem to be on the | look out most of their time for desert. i era from the army and navy. “There is a standing reward for | these deserters,” he concluded, "and Lit is related that some of the police. | men always have one or two of them | spotted to arrest when their pocket. | books are empty.”—Washington Star. The Passing of Warships, A short time ago--their keels were laid only a little over ten years ago-- the cruisers Columbia and Minneapo. lis were regarded as the pride of the navy. The Columbia made a trip across the Atlantic to show that she would be able to overhaul fast At. lantic liners. The Minneapolis is to be nuded as a receiving ship, the Co. lumbia having been used for similar purposes for some time, says the Troy Record. These ehips cost nearly $3,000,000, but their present disposi tion shows how soon the modern war. ship gets out of date. Still, it is more economical for the Navy Department to use them in this manner, for both are expensive ships to run. A lion in a jungle will jump twenty. five or thirty feet from a standing start. THE MAKING OF POTTERY. CURIOUS METHODS USED IN BACKWOODS “JUG FACTORIES.” The Old-Time Potter's Wheel, of the Time of Moses, May Still Be Found in Some Parts of the South- ern States—The Firing Process. Among the arts and crafts © man there is probably none han the making of pottery ort Fragments of rude pottery are ‘ound among the remains of prehis- oric man everywhere and some of hem appear have been made by nachinery, other than the iione, The old-time time of Moses, may still be in some parts the states, notably in the middle f North Carolina To any accustomed to large nanufactories, with nachines for turning out certain articles rapidly and cheaply, the hand-made methods if a hundred years would be urious and interesting A visit the factories,’ the primitive ter's wheel, run by in would mechanic that known older of some to potter's found in Southern 5a of one gpecial ago Kwoods * JUg pot to one of ba where fool power to the modern time had ihat part of cen ge, of world had several When the re made Bone a hoy writer was that and molasses by vinegar over a which was afterward withdraw il of rope removed by uncoiling and $ $s nel } 4 f DE It through the mouth of 1B Such a method would, « ba impracticable maker one « spare time Using the « own farm. he employs ing own hands and k © TT rates or abor agitator ine astride whi volves foot one 100 make ti omfortable often ! In fr ad or ont of isk of shallow box carried right the The up a steady m the movement his foot on the on shaft same lower aolion or sidewis swinging f« The foot power is simpiicity itself The : rod of wood impa ot stick or or peg at end next to the to the bench chain A short of wood connects the crank in vertical shaft to the foot the side-way movement keeps the wheel in motion Having previously tempered his pit, he divides it into proper weight for a jug of a certain gize One of plastic lumps foot lever is with a pl its ouler the suspended end, while operat or is by a pie e of rope or piece the and ver lever of the ay the lumps of these is disk and the potter proceeds to give it form and shape, mainiy by the manip ulation of his hands alone It is under the the into symmetrical shape simpie manipulations of fingers, sometimes simple tool of wood or bone The first step in shaping a jug is by inserting one or two fingers of one lump, while the other hand is used to press on the outside. This produces a hole in the clay, which may be as the fingers to one side of the center thick ring and is made thinner and drawn upward to form the side walls of the jug, by simply raising both hands at the same time, pulling the clay up between them. At this stage the article has assumed the form of a cylinder or wide-mouth jar, few touches at the brim will complete inward with the hands, into the form of a dome, while the neck and lip are shaped with one finger inside the ori fice and a stick on the outside. fingers, bending this way or that, but the speed of the wheel must be com- paratively siow; otherwise the cen trifugal force would throw the walls outward and spoil the shape. If the jug is to have a handle, it is molded separately with the hands, bent into shape and the ends pressed into good contact with the moist jug. At the bottom, the jug is still stuck fast to the center of the wheel, but may be lifted off after drawing a fine wire un. der it. After being properly dried, our farmer-potter proceeds to bake his pot. tery inside a long arch of brickwork. This arch has a chimney at one end and the fuel, which Is wood, is fed into the other. In the arch, or oven, at intervals, there are loose bricks which may be removed during the fir ing, and common salt is thrown through these openings to produce a glaze on the surface of the ware. Some skill or experience is necessary to con: duct the firing properly, or the pot tery will be spoiled. Though often ungraceful in shape, this pottery is still in common use wherever the distance from trade con. ters makes freight rates too dear on sich bulky and heavy articles —Sclen- CITY SPANKS 'EM, Moosier Capital's Juvenille Court a Scone of Bmall Domestic Trugedies. “Now, swat him?!" “You mean, go at him wid de whip?” “Yes: go it.” And the whip falls while the boy vells a These little one-act dramas are en- acted weekly at the police station, only that the above dialogue 13 not all and falls again, nd yells again | that takes plac The first scene trans- | pires upon the third floor of the police | Btation building on Friday afternoon, when Judge Stubbs holds his juvenile i court | Snickering, snufMing boys in a row face him and listen as the policemen {tell bad they while their parents laud them to the skies Judge | Stubbs takes it all in, and | then makes his disposition CH me { And it almost every Friday that lot of boy: one i boy that needs a licking when the Judge tells them to ich a boy intu the basement and give him | logging, that boy goes great big policeman and parents and the flogging follo It's the one place whippings that they the pollceman is a od business, he has learned not to be { tegder hearted It’s up to him when the lad has never it unt how are patiently if the happens among that the boy where boys get remember if at the too nana to say ough, and inks that there he BAYS is a cries of angere« Or { and of a few in the right 3 little ntéresting as he 11 like OV Was A » woman lool Keq this was blac f task ol thes several the she was equal to whippings. When basement and the pe reached liceman told her to begin, she said ur pants Which over that chair.” the whimperings of and his didn’t leave the the began. Cries cease until he was ready to station. The mother was de- termined to give him something to re- member and the policeman was there to see that she did it right When finally ft seemed that the had about al! he could stand the trio start- ed upstairs, where the policeman winked at a friend and said: “I'll bet that boy doesn’t sit veral days.”"-—Indianapolis boy police poi hoy down for se Sua. Dangers of the Bath. | Brevity is commendable, but in the | enunciation of great truths it is pos { sible to stop just short of compiete- | ness of statement which leaves the { seeker after information at a loss to { know how to apply such knowledge | after the manner in which our Puritan | ancestors applied all Scripture—"By | way of Improvement For example, | the London Lancet startles the world | with the following announcement: | “Too much bathing is harmful, as it | tends to macerction of the superficial part of the epidermis, which is too fre. | quently removed, and occasions prob | ably too rapid a proliferation of the {cells of the malpignian layer.” But what is too much and how shall the | man who seeks to regulate his life by the teachings of science know when the superficial part of his epider | mis is macerated and when the pro { liferation of the cells of the malpig- | hian layer is too rapid? No rightmina- ed person would want these sthings to happen in his own case, and to the in- dividual to whom bathing is perfunc- | tory and who feels a greater sympathy than he would be willing to express for the little girl who objected to her morning ablutions in winter on the ground that she had “rather be warm and dirty than clean and cold,” macer- ation of the epidermic superfices and a galloping proliferation of the malpig- hial cells would be symptoms to be looked for as the result of bathing oftener than, say, once a week. Hence the information of the Lancet, while shocking, is not likely to be revolu- tionary of individual habits New York Times. i ——— - A Mouse Indicator. “Did you ever hear of a mouse in dicator?” asked a prominent official of the Navy Department. “No? Well, such indicators have been used in the navy, and in their way they were very valuable. When the navy first began experimenting with submarine boats it became necessary to devise means to protect the men who went down in- to the interior of the boats from the strong gases. Finally a naval officer hit upon the plan of placing a mouse in a cage and having the men who went below keep the cage close by. We reckoned the respective strength of man and mouse, and when the es- caping gases had overpowered the Mt.