FARM AND GARDEN NOTES.
CULTURAL
Feeding Pine Boughs- Ways of Saving the
Moisture A Good Business Cow (irow-
ing Tall Meadow Oat Grass, elc., etc,
TOPICS.
Feeding Pine Boughs,
were young to bring to the sheep yard
a load of pine boughs every winter,
possibly several times in the winter,
when the snow was on t ground,
They would eat them greedily, and it
was thought that the resin
other quality in the needles was bene-
ficial to their health, Spruce and fir
are sald not to be as good as pine and
hemlock, but, where brought
up. the white pine was more common
than the other evergreens, and
most frequently used, We have heard
but little lately about feeding them to
sheep, and perhaps with the more mod
ern methods of feeding, especially
when and grain are given,
they are not needed, but a half
tury ago they were thought very im
portant, acting as a and per
haps, to some extent, as a worm med!
cine,
he
Or some
We were
was
0)
ensuage
cen-
tone,
Ways of Saving the Moistare,
Experiments carried on at the Kan-
gas station to test the relative efficiency
of different kinds of culture in con-
serving soll moisture showed that sim-
ple ploughing while the was in
good condition was as efficacious as
ploughing followed by pla roll-
ing, harrowing or sub-surface packing.
Disking was found to be a good means
of saving molsture but was not equal
to ploughing.
The importance of ploughing stubble
soll
n
1:4
nEing,
ground as early as possible while mols.
ture is still in the soll
experiments in two
ploughing left the ground in good con-
dition, a regards for
wheat seeding, late-ploughed
was shown by
years,
soil moisture,
while
!
{eggs where hens are penned and less
{than 4 cents where they have their
(liberty. The penned hens produced
| nearly two dozen eggs, each, more
{than those having a free run,
| This last result was somewhat sur
prising and no doubt much of the dif.
ference is due to the fact that where
Leggs are lost by being lald in secret
| places or devoured by vermin of one
| sort or another. The fact that poultry
{pays even In those places where eggs
bring a low price in summer is shown
| by this record.
closely with those
periment stations where
{ been subject to careful
Field and Fireside.
attained at two ex
poultry has
test Farm,
is,
How Plaats Feed
When a stock grower wishes to ralse
healthy stock he has his animals well
groomed and fed. When a
raises fine he to it that
are properly cultivated and ma-
In some respects feeding
capacities of animals and plants are
the same, in others they are quite dif-
ferent, animals and
plants digest thelr
food ishment, yet the
former while the
latter Hauid
j or
i
Crops BivR
they
nured the
Or instance,
must to
Or proper
it
can only
cian ed solld food
absorb {it
The
animals
in na
TARCONS there
fore,
plants is
state,
raising
BUCCeRS,
in or growing
practi ul
distinguish.
dependent upon the
observatio these two
ristics,
et th foods eithe
From
or from
the
eir
the
certain
from ®il
tnke ments which
» gtrneture.,
Although
of nitro;
of plan
al from tha ©, and this is
un
abundance
i
: n iy
+ is only one class
ro this mate
3 the
r
live
leg
Us
iinous fam
be mentioned cle
the
various elemen
soil comes all
iy
in
with
jrress fit
quanti-
ties
ary.
A Goo] Business Cow.
This way Professor Robert.
son, the Commissioner of Agriculture
for Canada, describes what he calls a
“good business cow.”
“Her power of service will be indi
cated by certain external points.
should have a large, udder,
elastic, fine quality; a mellow, movable
skin covered with
long, large barrel,
broad and wide
spreading
quarters;
thin
is the
long
soft, silky hair: a
hooped with flat ribs,
a broad loin,
oad, long hind
with rather
ck of symmetri
apart,
out into hi
an
hips, and a ]
cal length, cut,
face, with A
with these points has ability to serve
a man well if
That her calves may
equal to or rath
«are should be xereis
breeding. TI
adapted to the
be used
the
ted
open twist,
£8 n
a
prominent
clean
carrying
eyes,
she a fair chs
have
r than
gels A NCe
powers
or
her own,
«i In
( of the Liresd
thelr
nrpose shoul
to enlar to
working
£ Capacity
to her calves.”
Growing Tall Meadow Ost Grass.
Meadow
mended for
though it has not been
for general farm u it probably has
its place. The Dakota st
ha been stesting it, and it
and produces consid
Acre.
oat grass has bwen recom
al
adopted widely
general culture, and
_e
North tion
well
r
rate of
this was
well
re
»
Ws
rable forage pe
The plat yielded at the
over ton per re, and
new When it
established it produces an abundant
supply of foliage, and is also valuable
as a pasture plant, for after bein
or grazed
forming a heavy aftermat
rapidly ft sandy
once naturaliz
it was quite popular in New England
for a time, and it was introduced
west of attracted
siderable attention it
or tame
one f<
seeding. becomes
or
&
up quickly,
It grows
soll when
gd
cut,
close, It grows
'
it.
on deep
1
iG
wien
1
the
Mississippi con-
Ransas
any
was n
In ex
Of growin
ceeded in vig
grass
introduced it
desirable
it endured
ever
re
orchard grass because
and protracted
drocths better. The only drawback
wang the quality of the hay, which was
inferior to timothy and orchard grass,
than
Overs
One of its strong points is its earliness,
producing pasture for stock ahead of
any other variety. 1f cut early it makes
a finely flavored hay, but is usually
Chemical analysis shows that
it contains a fair percentage of mus.
cle forming material, About two
bushels of seed to an acre are usually
gown on well prepared land and cov
ered by means of a light harrow or
roller,
Coarse,
Cost of Chickers and Eggo.
For more than three years the writer
has kept a strict account with his
poultry, charging it with all the feed
ing eggs and sales of poultry. Two
years of this time the fowls were kept
penped up the year throtigh and were
fed everything they had to eat. Dur-
ing the last year the flocks have Been
given the liberty of the farm, being
allowed to run about the barns, stock
yards and the pearby fields. This ae
count has been kept long enough for
the law of aevrage to apply and we
think we have a pretty good idea of
chickens and eggs,
We find it costs about 55 cents to
keep a hen a year when she is penned
tp. nnd something less than 35 cents
when she Is allowed to forage for in.
sects, seeds and the waste grain al
ways to be found on a farm. Young
chickens cost about 15 cents the first
ten weeks of their lives and after that
they cost more, as thelr capacity to
consume food increases with length of
days.
It costs 4% cents a dozen to produce
through the roots
we prinelpls
it
material
0 before thes
it
every
ry best
phosphor
1
months before planting and
trogen 1 planting time T
salts ang ates will not leach ont
and there no danger of
iF
i
the case o
however. this mater!
i
when needed
and
lio +1
» applied only
ia very soluble
out of the soil
FARM AND CARDEN HINTS,
Short with a lawn mower
food for fowls,
grass ont
is a good
Fowls igh
there is anything at the top for
te
iy
green
if
them
at. Don't put on a top rail. Use
a smajl :
will fly over a |} fence
to
wire
Cele in spent hotbeds does
ell as when in
ry
not yield
1 frames.
Feed
lnmp of
grown
cole
skumks and similar a
ard with inside,
but Keep away the dogs and cats,
pests
strychnine
One breed is enough on any farm:
two breeds make extra work and more
than that Is a real nuisance,
As pigs increase In age it may be
well to increase slightly the proportion
of corn in order to make the ration a
little more carbonaceous toward the
i finishing period,
i Don’t compel the workhorse to go
| from morning until noon
drinking. The horse becomes thirsty
ax often as does the man who
! him,
| half pounds in weight ought not
(be over 20 cents on the farm. There
{ Is room enough for profit for the grow.
{er who knows how to get a good hatch
and keep them alive.
There are only three things necessa-
ry for sneccessful bee culture, One
should know wihnt to do, how fo do
it. and then do it In time, If these are
observed you eannot fail,
Worms come close to the top of the
{soil after the rain,
the spade will turn up hundreds of
these, greatly to the delight of the
fow®s,
The Ohio experiment station con.
cludes that so far as a single season's
work ean show there Is no superiority
of the factory mixed over the home
mized of equivalent composition, and
that the cost of the fertilizer is greatly
reduced by home mixing
|
The United States Court of Appeals
| which suicide invalidates a
ife insurance policy is when the in-
A scientific gentleman now insists
This being true
Fm —————
British
mnsat
when
officers think they
their men are ying down,
Officers
are needed to
With a refrigerator in every house,
road, it is a little difficult to realize
that the process of freezing articles
of food to prevent decomposition was
not perfected until a little less than
twenty years ago.
The mere giving of money seldom
makes a man popular. By iustinct
the public passes judgment upon the
giver and the gift, If the motive was
will be small.
A curious facet noted in the English
lunacy statistics that the females
outnumber the males in a very con.
siderable especially in the
London institutions, whereas in this
country, even in the State of Mas-
sachusetis, where in the general pop-
ulation, fhe ontunumber
the males, an even ratio is maintained
in the insane population.
in
deg ef,
¢ 3
fewnles far
Our next census will show a popu-
lation of nty-five millions,
says The Ladies’ Home Journal, To
complete this count within the re-
quired thirty days sbout fifty thou-
sand census enumerators will be em
ployed, It
to count at t
3
anoout seve
will be necossary for them
he rate of two and a half
million persons per day, or even faster,
The population of all cities and towns
of over eight thousand mnst enn
merated within a pe riod of two wecks,
be
has been broadened so
much withia recent years, that to sue
in it requires as great if uot
mental than are
Jasiness
capacities
estabslishment
of
correctly gauge public wants and sup
To manage an
peo} ie: to
ply them at a profit; to seek, disc
aud develop new markets
aqualit foresight and i
bat the commander of au army or th
executive of a nation would find ex-
tremely usefs The recognit of
this faci bas done much to lift mer
life to
at presen
5 er,
all involve
execution
in of
a
is. ion
the high es
*
cantiie tiation
which 18 t enjoys,
After
ughly that
Even Russia is cot
ooking
nation
railway brake
t of her locon
over the
as resolved
Can
BOS Iotives, 104
8 large amount of the steel rails used
upon roadbeds are of American
manufaciare, she can be almost
the credit r Atuerican
railway system,
her
given
unning
of an
General Funston is not only a hero
but a truth teller as well. He won't
accept a sword with an inscription on
it. purporting 10 quote an expression
never used by him. While he did not
say he could hold a certain position
no one doubts that he
not belonging to him. Bach meu are
not too common,
A teat case bronght by the City of
Milwaukee, Wis., under an anti.
smoke ordinance, has been lost, the
court ruling that the city had failed
to establish the fact that the Llack
smoke was a nuisance,
introduced by the City Attorney con-
the reports of tests made by the offi.
cers of the Health Department.
Court did not consider the constitu.
tionality of the law,
The great leisure for research which
is made in Germany universities can
in Science. Twenty-two
man universities are engaged in
from two to six hours a week, and
hours, Of the associate professors
sixty per cent are engaged from two
to six hours per week, and of the
privat-docents eighty-three per cent;
only four per cent of all privat-dooents
are engaged in lecture or laboratory
supervision more than twelve hours
on week,
Modern inventiveness has set artil-
lery, always the chief arm of defense,
in the first rank of means of offense
It is hardly extravagant to
say that a war between any two civ.
ilized nations to-day, without gross
inequality in other respects, would
be an eany victory for that which was
distinctly superior in possession and
skilled nse a artillery. This
hans been clearly recognized in Earope
for some years, _ the contention
among uations has been for superior
equipment and drill in rapid fire field
gana. The mobile, quick-action field
visce is a natural development of the
rifle, It adds weight and range and
volume to that envelopment of an at-
tacking or resisting force with a rain
of bullets long before it is near enough
for fighting on the old tactics which
has changed the whole art of war,
Modern artillery and the modern rifle
practice out of which it has grown
have been almost as revolutionary as
gunpowder on its first introduction,
The extent to which machinery is
the Ohio Mine Inspector, Of the
vear's coal production of 14,058,135
5.252.688 tous were
mined by machinery. This is a gain
tons, and is the greatest amount by
that method in the state's history.
tons in excess of that so produced
during 1880, Other figures in the re-
port are of interest as showing the
benefits of mine supervision in the
lessened roll of injuries and deaths,
There were 270,463 tons of coal pro-
duced to each life that was lost, and
90,736 tons mined to each person who
seriously injured. There was
one fatality for every 563 persons em-
ployed, and injury to each 102
persons engaged in the industry.
one
The question as to whether the rich
i man can get more out of life than the
man of moderate means has
a fresh illustration from the report of
a recent speculation on the Stock Ex-
change in whieh the son of the lead-
lard Oil
have cleared a halt million of
If that is the best use to which this
favored youth put his life and
its, then his share in this world's
blessings smnll indeed and he is
to be envied observes the New
York World, Ifoutolallthe Pe
opportunities offered him he appre:
C.ates only the chance of becoming a
received
ing Stan magnate is said to
dollars,
Can
tale:
is
10%
1
B86
sordid gambler—a greedy grabber of
other people's money-—he is as poor
as if he needed Lis gains to live on,
If at the age of ambition snd aspira-
tion, of generous sentiments and high
young in life
only a chance of heaping up money
wisich he caunot spend and does not
know how rightly to use, his life is a
failure and his fortune not
tion bud a degradation.
neiancholy beyond
illustration that
wealth can d he heir to one of
the greatest fortunes in the world,
ideals, this Man sees
6 distine-
Sad snd
boundless
oO {
A notable change in lumbering op-
erations in Maine is the ution
of the saw for the axe in felling trees,
1R0R,
:
it
subst
The experiment was first tried in
and with
progressive
SREREES
ccess that the more
en are now plan
such "1
Inmber:
it alto
point of
gether
time and wages,
pers being regar led as expert
ise
gained in
the ch
an 2
»
Her important gain #2 the
! For: it was
Spe
i Being paid accordin
f er.
to
ees stumps from two i
the ground, This
vas the very best
from kn
largest part o
erly
all
fs
above
.
sta
¢
§
¥ using the saw
be eut off nearer the
ground an big saving ma
grou } big le,
such labor-saving
in all
changes, a labor question is involved
Many of the choppers, upon a report
that saws were to be used the past
year, threatened to rebel, but their
grievances were met for the time be
ing by an arrangement whereby they
were to use the axe in places where
the saw would be inconvenient, and
in the trimming of logs felled by the
BRAWS,
CONrse, As
Cot Their Mail at Sea.
An unusual incident happened on the
homeward voyage of the Castle liner
The
fore the Lismore Castle sailed from
Cape Town for home, the captain of
which was to
#ail the following day, good-naturally
passengers on the Lis
On overtaking the Lismore Castle
the captain had the letters inclosed in
a tin box and soldered up. This was
tached fiying a red flag, and having
the Lismore Castle and got
wll ahead of her, the barrel was
dropped overboard, the captain of
Carisbrook at the same time hoisting
a signal which had been prearranged.
The Lismore Castle coming up on her
coarse in due time picked up the bar.
rel, and so the passengers received
thelr anxiously walted news from
home, They expressed their gratitude
on their arival in England by sending
to the commander of the Carisbrook
Castle a beautifully Huminated ad.
dress, on which was depicted a barrel
floating on the high seas bearing a red
flag, the barrel being supported by two
pretty sea-maidens.~London Chroni-
cle.
He Was His Own Dentist,
A Foxcraft man who was suffering
from a toothache while “seven miles
from a dentist,” attended to the aching
molar himself by tying a fish line
around It, fastening the other end of
kthe line to a hook in the post of the
plazza and sitting down quickly. This
reminds a Bath man of a neighbor
of his who always extracted his own
teeth, If an upper one he tied a string
around it, with a heavy weight at the
other ond of the line, mounted to the
haymow and dropped the stone. If a
lower tooth was the one aching, he
stood on the floor and threw the
weight up over a door. ~Lewiston (Me)
Journal,
TWO COINCIDENCE STORIES.
Told in Ceod Faith in a Club Where All
Romancing Is Barred,
it was the secretary's turn to tell a
yarn to his fellow members of the Co-
incidence Club, The Colneldence Club,
by the way, has no cumbersome ma
chinery., It has members and officers,
along the line suggested by its name,
and everything but the strict truth is
barred.
“I've got two stories, much alike, to
tell. There's nothing dramatic or sen-
sntional about them.
as queer, though, You know I'm a
lawyer. One day a man named Dodge
brought in a letter of introdaction to
me from a friend ont West, He had a
simple sort of a case, and I asked him
to come back at that after-
noon. Then 1 went the crim
inal court on business that
till within a few minutes of 3 o'clock,
As I entered my office there was 4 msn
sitting in the shade. Without really
looking at him, and with my mind full
of the appointment 1 said, as I went
to my private office;
“ ‘How are you, Mr. Dodge?
you in a minute.’
“Pretty soon 1 rang
office boy to show In Mr
man came in and he
Dodge at all, Imagine
when he sald:
“How did you know 1
"At the same hie
letter of introduction from a friend
down East. His name was Dodge
right, and he had
over the oddity of the
8 o'clock
aver to
is
wept
I'll see
and told the
Dodge. The
my Mr,
surprise
wasn't
my
time handed me
A COs
i
plained the coincidence
and even show
of introduction
believe me
» first
a good laugh over it
“he other
letters from
$ 3
£OMmoia
two It
of end
ind the
I went out
was delayed till
I came
Strange
and th
far as could
I've
t
they
not related,
but
true,
that
{ge 36
otherw
and can be
will
ss NUS
ia
Meaning of the W
“Many WrEon i this
ord “Dom.”
%
entered
Bow
wishes to
the
re
ject, makes him
territory. over whicl
of
absolute
sway,
3
i
the tions placed upon
restr
the main ‘oom.’
“Then
confer a favor upon obe Or more of
#3
the minor ‘oom’ m
subjects. He gives him a sub-divisi
of the territory over which he presides,
and him the title of
‘oom.’ or chief; you there
hundreds of ‘coms’ in Zululand, and as
President Kruger ruler of
South African republic he is naturally
*Oom Paul.’ that .« Chief Paul-no un-
cle about
Hil
confers upon
®0 i are
is the the
it.
“These Zulu
proud and haugh
American Indians, and,
insignificant their domain or how few
thelr subjects, will never condescend
fo talk with any but the chief
of the white men. They have
for subordinates, and will gee the head
chief or none.
“I was present at the time of the
surrender of ‘Oom Amanzaai,’
Chief Double water, of the Zulus, at
the close of the Zulu campaign, | was
far more
the XNorth
no matter how
are
‘noms’
{y than
‘oom’
on nse
or
after a long trekk, when five
came up and demanded to see the
main ‘oom.’ Naturally, 1 took them to
Colonel Russell, but with him
would have nothing to do.
“Kir Garnet Wolseley was the ‘oom’
they wanted to talk with, and no one
else would do.
black-skinned beggars 200 miles
through the wilderness (0 a point now
known as Point Dunford, where the
formal surrender was made. But don't
you think for a minute that the Zulus
would condescend to surrender to any
one but ‘Oom” Wolseley.”
How She Moved Mer Audience to Tears.
“Now, dear,” said the great prima
donna, addressing her Losband, as she
sat up in bed to have her toast and
coffee, “get the papers and read what
they say about my performance last
night.”
So Rignor Montegrippo, who was
known in private life as John D. Hank.
inson, unfolded the Morning Mercury
and began looking for “Music and the
Drama.”
“Ah, here it is” he sald, at last
“Now let's see what this pig of a
eritle knows about the sublime and
beautiful, Curse the dog! He has
written half a column about Mile,
Rpoontoorey, but I don’t see your—oh,
yes, here! Now listen:
“Mille, Montegrippo, as the count.
{ enn, moved the audience to tears,
A ih ’
“Oh, Alphonse!” cried the artiste,
{giving way to her emotion, “how
| heartless it was of you to refer to him
{ns a pig and a dog! ‘Moved the audi-
| ence to tears!” Ab, how generous of
| him to say so! 1 must write a dear,
sweet little note with my own hand,
thanking him for } kindness in say-
ing this. Ab, that eritic of the Mer-
cury is a man who knows his business,
on, Alphonse on. I can't eat
until 1 have heard the rest of it”
“Moved to tears’
Rignor pued. “‘'A
thoughtless
had fin-
numbers allotted to
onded with
§ ¢
{3 £0
f 604% #
iudience ’
the
gr
gallery
applaud
Monteg
the
enough to
ippo conti
boy in Ff Was
i after she
i 4
h of the
ished end
nnd
an encore,”
he she at
yr, Once red
the hushand of
managed to
any of the
that were
took the cham-
and a half to clear
iengo Times Herald,
By dodging
great
from
or
(ifully
{ the prima donna
hit by
EAUCETS
it
being
cups
keep
ntes
i or
y
P
hurled but
bermaid hour
up the wreck. Ch
at him,
nn
MAKING BIOGRAPH PICTURES.
The Way the Startling War Pictures Are
Procured,
New York apd three
the ancier city of
1 (EL! :
its cop-
1 1 Fans
Ten miles from
= y
SEWATK L108 a
Belleville, with its hat factory,
per mill
its five chut ww, its two
Happening
¢ other day, writes
Press,
of
scenes ever presented to
of
academies and its ruins.
§ through it th
thie
|
York
Livy
Now
was arrested one
wile
bricks,
the
On one
nhiin
hment of
rd
=
it was
as~
of the
peen dangor-
1 of musk
it yellow
11
jan, tum
ndow of the
art. Then,
touch-
ne a
cealed by
ip, rushed
gleps and
The
wed, and,
the heart,
arthward.
wounds and
him.
waiting
was
dow
times he
asped at invisi-
And
i to earth
1 learned
was made up
aph company,
ouse in Cuba;
posed to be
1 iA ad
0 Were pro-
the
negro
a
The
and in
whole
act as
in town labeled
the Blockhom at Guan-
Late Spanish-American
wards to that cffect At a
tle scene at
SOc STAR
a 184
i
or
venient distance from
hie blograph was stationed,
off pictures at the rate of 200
positively “without vibra.
In Memory of Leipsic’s Battle.
in memory of the great battle fought
near in IR13-the so-called
“battle of the nations” wn between
200,000 and 300.000 Prussians, Rus
and under
defeated 180,000
rench troops under a
‘Volkerschlacht monument” will be
inangurated October 18, 1900. A space
of more than 40,000 square yards has
been given by the city of Leipsic for
the purpose, and the mound which will
be surmounted by the monument-it
will Be an immense earthwork 250
feet square at the base—will be thrown
up in the course of the coming year.
The monument will be about 250 feet
igh, ad the figure of the archangel
Michael, which will stand on the east
front, surrounded by war furies and
genii of peace, will be about twenty
| five feet high. It is expected that the
| monument will be finished in time for
| the centennial clebration in 18013. For
| the inauguration a year hence, the
| Patriotic League is already aranging
for the presence of the Kaiser and the
{ other German sovereigns and princes.
| «Chicago Record.
Leipsic
wi
cians, Austrians Swedes
Schwarzenberg
I Napoleon
Those Awfully Long Words.
At 1 o'clock A, M. the night editor
shouted through the speaking tube to
the man in the telegraph room whose
hudiness it was to supervise the dis
patches from the seat of war in the
Transvaal and to act as custodian of
the Duteh dictionary:
“Glubbings!”
“Ay, ay.”
“That last dispatch from Pretoria
will have to be cut, It's half a column
too long. Come up here and take out a
couple of words!"—Chicago Tribune.
Evolution of the Salmon,
When a young salmon is first
hatched It is known as a parr: just
before it leaves the fresh for the salt
water it is called 8 smolt; when It first
returns to spawn it becomes #8 grilse,
and not until it has spawned is it on.
titled to be ded by tho name of