WE ARE NEARING AN AGE OF
MECHANICAL STEEDS.
France is Leading the Way--HMorse-
less Vehicles in American Cities
= «Petroleum Wagons.
Carriages without horses have long
been popular in France. Since 1892
they have been coming rapidly into
favor through the invention of a pe-
troleum motor. The recent race from
Paris to Bordeatlix, in which machines
adapted by MM. Pauhare and Levas-
sor, of Paris, to carriages of two or
four seats competed, has attracted
the attention, not only of France, bat
of America, These carriages, made
after traditional patterns, are driven
by means of a motor, which is sit-
uated indifferently either at the back
or in front The driver sits with a
lever ready to his hand, by means of
which the machinery can be set in
motion in a few min Some ex-
perimenters have proved that two
minutes will
utes
suffice for a start, and
others agree upon five minutes as the
time required.
Anyhow, itis a small affair, even if
the horses have a sort of advantage
here. But horses, at least, cannot go
backward, except at great personal
inconvenience, and after a vast
amount of manipulation by the
coachman The petroleum carriage
runs either way without protest. And
in the matter of speed no mere horse
can approach it, The average speed
on good roads recommended by the
manufacturers is something more
than eleven miles an hour, and even
greater claims are made forit. The
petroloum in these engines is used as
a fuel for the production of steam
They are as easily worked as a tri-
cycle, probably easier. A novice, as
many witness, is able, upon the first
trial, to drive his carriage two
hundred mi in two days of ten
hours apiece. Tourists have wan-
dered over hall a dozen departments
in them, and
every day.
over
18
the taste is spreading
These ve
pear
the later device
far those that
have proved
pensive to find
batteries
They have
TI
Ney are ciear
cles, perfect as they a
to be, will have te give place
about
ioubted advantages
ess and requir
\ yi narator rite
{ 135 YPeratorn :
cost
NO engineer
sembling in
and the cable car 1t the ex
trolle
vonaly
ack of
facili them
prohi
citie
pl
to
petroleum vehic
convenient in ru
quire no engineer
they must
ordinary use until the
"Ne
gasol
town
ligh
ight
s for some }
and
any
are
ies of petroleu:
Ha obtained
Fi er th
take the
cles that elecricity presents
for instance
Boston
proportions, re
brake in g
to
8
tha alas
LOR 200
Wagon
nyvant
nBven ol
is
waron
waignt
Paris.
vehicle is well
pose The
the body and ur ie
extremely powerful
forty-four chloride cells, with a total
capacity of hundred ampere
hours, and an average discharge rate
of twenty-five amperes The mot
yields I power and
different apesds are obtained
minimum being four and the maxi-
mum fourteen m an hour. The
owner has put this carriage through
the paces in hill climbing and over
hedvy roads with most satisfactory
results.
Anh eject
adelphia hs un
miles without an accident.
pared with pet
rather ponderous, weighing 4,250
pounds. The batteries weigh 1.600
pounds and consist of sixty chloride
accumulators, having a maximum
capacity of thirteen horse power.
From fifty to hundred miles,
can be accomplished on one
charge, according to grade and speed,
and the maximum speed attainable
is fifteen miles an hour. The motor,
weighing 300 pounds, is of nominal
three horse power electric launch
type. capable of developing for a
short time nine full horse power
Steering is accomplished by means
of a wheal in front the driver
The first electric wagon ever seen
near New York has appeared in
Brooklyn. It cume from the west
and is the invention of two residents
of Kansas City. It weighs about
8,000 pounds and as at present con-
atructed has but one seat. Eighteen
hundred pounds of storage batteries
of the choloride accumulator type
furnish the power, which is commu: |
nicated to the wheels by a rawhide
friction pulley running on a steel
flange attached to the inside of the |
rear wheels. ‘When desired, an au-|
tomatic lever detaches the power |
from the driving wheel without!
stopping the motion of the motor
On ordinary good roads a speed of |
fifteen or eighteen miles an hour ean |
be obtained and for ascending hills a |
reserve of twelve horse power can be |
drawn upon. A run of fifty miles |
can be made with one charge of the
batteries.
Lock Haven, Pa. is also a claim |
ant for honors in this direction. This
wagon is intended for hotel service,
‘The seats run lengthwise, and under
them are stored the batteries, eight
cells In all, four on each side.
Though so few in number, these cells
nre said by the inventor to have suf. |
batteries con
rthe front seat are
consisting of
two
nr horse
les
ait
in Phil-
hundred
As com-
cles
rl wagon
soveral
3
veh
roleun
+
i is
is
0
one
of
| fifteen days of nineteen hours each,
recharging themselves from a gener-
ator of ten sixteen candle-power
lights. The motor develops three
horse power, geared to equal six.
is said to carry 3,000 pounds. The
rubber tires with which it is fitted
incronse the comforts of riding.
When the wagon stops or is run-
ning down hill the generator returns
the used up current to the batteries,
thus economizing power. It
of twenty-five miles an hour can be
reached, and the project is on foot to
apply the invention to fire and police
patrol wagons, hotel omnibuses and
pleasure wagons.
A light and
pelled bya gasoline motor has, for
three months past heen traversing
the streets of Springfield and adjac-
ent country.
FRUIT AS FOOD,
Good Ripe Fruits are
Nourishing.
Eve is said to
was good for food. Every generation
indorsed her opinion, and
now perhaps more than ever before
the world is waking up to see how
good a food it really is. Good ripe
fruits contain a large amount of
sugar in a very digestible forin. This
sugar forms a light nourishment
which, in conjunction with bread,
rice, ete., form a food especially suit-
for these warm colonies, and
when eaten with milk or milk and
eges, the whole forms the most |
*t and digestible food
since has
able
|
el
easily
itn-
stomachs capable of di
it eaten with pastry forn
erfect nourishment, bu
cooked fruit covered
and milk or custard I
lately written by a medics
to live 3
I am not prepared
way, he aliowed
meat to be taken w it—for,
h I look upon frui
ath ugn
yet I look
nr
book
advising people entire
fruits and :
to go § y the
some }
} tas an 8x-
food
1ecessary adjunct than as a per-
of itself. Why for ages
eater. apple
and sucking
acid
n it 5 £3 Ph
upon iv more
sauce with
»
r y
Hose I
ha and
ise i
+
frizit « $ . y
irtit assist 1g
a y ’
i of
the
our
want
' .
goundcant in HEE
the
Kit
Same reason t
ar we
a
eat
we
a heavy dinn
fruits
»
i
rd
gestive ac
iloped we take
ir natural
ages
to do
hem why
SC
his
the
4 same ience tells
ald be eaten as an
{other { tha:
1its such as
strawberries
ods much
i m
i 44
iil
ire
it is now. Cultivate
pples, pears, cherries
grapes , contain or
ar proport
ents, wh
a
ete analysis very
sin mms of
gred
2ctones, one
is greatly
ymach., Fats are
acids and the
Now, the acids and
uliarly assist the
{inly iately even
lias bean taki:
ead of SUgAr
en prescribed largely by physi-
y help
aid
3 |
he st
Lesa
ach
lemon juice
nst and |
weak digestion
these acids exist very
h :
the lemon
Care in Buying Shoes.
should
said a
“Great care
buying shoes,’
dealer to a Rochester
reporter. Especially is this so in
the cheaper grades. There isa large
factory in Maine which turns out a
compressed paste that is extensively
used in the manufacture of shoes.
Large quantities of them are shipped
to other countries, but some are sold
even in this city. Leather is high
and it is not to be expected that the
feet can be clothed at a slight ex~
pense. For this reason the com-
pressed paste shoe has gained in
favor. People, when buying it, think
they are getting the leather ghoe,
whareas it is simply a bogus. This
class of shoe wears very well if it is
kKepr dry, but after a good soak-
ing, or twice wearing in the rain, it
will tear and is of littie use there-
after. It is always better to paya
little more and get a good article
upon which you can depend for ser-
vice.
taken in
well known
Post-Express
Some Small Kingdoms.
Monaco is probably the smallest
kingdom in Europe.
of only eight square miles and =a
permanent popltlation of 18,000 peo~
ple. It boasts a '‘sovereign prince’’
named Albert, but is more noted for
the famous gambling den at Monte
stein, between the Tyrol and Swit-
zerland, is another tiny European
kingdom. Its area is sixty-one
miles and its population about 10,.
000 The state owes a tremendous
debt off any time, as ita revenue
amounts to $11,000 a year. San
Marino is a tiny republic of thirty-
three square miles—about a quarter
the size of London—up in the hills
near Rimini, on the east const of
Italy. The population is 8,000, and
most of the men are dukes or gen-
erals in the army.
LOST HIS NERVE.
After This Affair Wild Jim Was a
Changed Man.
A score of us saw the man as he
came cantering into the frontier
town on his cayuse, and more than
one remarked how singular it was
that he was unarmed. He hitched
{ his horse to a post in front of the
| Big Elk saloon, and had just disap-
| pewred within the door of the shanty
when a man came running up and
| exclaimed
‘Boys, that’s the sheriff over at
Deadwood, and he's come for Wild
{ Jim!
We crowded into the saloon to see
| what would happen. There were five
men playing poker at one table and
three at another. One of the men
was Wild Jim, who was wanted for
murder. On entering the plaze the
{ sheriff had backed up against the bar
{ and faced the players. Wild Jim had
{ leaped to his feet and pulled a gun
| with either hand, and the other play-
| ers leaned back and looked around to
see what was going on.
“After me queried Wild Jim
as he-stood with guns presented.
“Yes ’
“Going t
“Yes
“Youcan't take me alive, and
you move a hand I'll drop you!”
The smiled and
around ym and back
sd
he game stand, Jim ?
just dealt a hand.”
ht—tinish ’
Joe
y take me dead or alive 7’
if
looked
at Wild
sherif!
thie ro
'
4 it
Wild Ji at dowr 1d
minutes to play out the hand.
he looked up and sa
‘Sure y« me, .
“*T% :
‘sia
o
1
took five
Then
ua want
sure
« 11 + fo m
Oine (or me
‘
8
est for you.
Then I'm
you stand !
He raised the
and blazed avy
f
fast
The
sino
nis lig
sherif!
had
loor and we could
sane
as
in the
wore the same
d hi
im was ¢
missed
and
horse was t
He reached
then heads
after the she
not t
minutes the
What
3 1 ‘
& SRIOOT
he sligl attent
DRI Wer
allied Jim?’
who ha
Lost hi
lied
“How do 3
“ Why, the
a gun and stan
at took all his sacd away and
of him
ling there
11 er
the field where
victims had bee:
i a-bin
wiil
ly
18 man towar
twent
said
¥
He
“An
L
i
1d
Re
iid . clear?
but } ii hev t leave
The boys hev already put him
down as N .
At his trial for murder |
wood Wild Jim was rged from
custody, but he went forth a changed
man. No man took him by the hand
all men avoided him Iwo weeks
later he was found dead in Custer
City-~a victim of suicide.
5 oO
here.
ir
in Dead-
A Golden Shower.
The manufacturers of clocks have
not been so busy at any time during
several years past as they are at
present; the factories devoted to the
production of silver-plated ware are
running full time, with large com~
plements of operatives; the watch
manufacturers have this year given
their hands shorter vacations than
usual, and are increasing their al-
ready large forces ; the jewelry manu-
facturers of Providence, New York.
Newark and other centers are run-
ning their factories to their utmose
capacity ; the importers of art goods,
pottery and bric-a-brac are receiving
immense shipments of goods; makers
| of cut glass are producing many new
patterns and are working every frame
iin their plants. Thus the auticipa~
{tion of a golden saower during the
| fall season, says the Jewelers’ Cir-
cular, is evident throughout the
manufacturing branches of our in-
{ dustry, and that the manufacturers
will not be disappointed all signs in-
dicate.
A Curious New industry.
A curious new industry is reported
from Paris, where the demand for
small dogs is being met by rearing
pups on an alcoholic diet, which pre.
vents their growth,
——————
AT THR PLAY.
She~~They call thisa play with a
moral. 1 wonder what it is?
He (thinking of the price for seats)
~='“The fool and his money are soon
patted, * 1 guess—Indianapolis Jour.
nal.
FOR THE YOUNG FOLKS.
TOMMY #
Now this is A,” mama would say;
“And this is Q, and this is 1
And this is],
Now say them
Oh! Tommy
To lenru to say his niphabet
But, bless his heart! though |
He knew his letters—near]
ALVHABET.
fry.”
WHE 0 youngster V
et
“It's B."
“This one?”
0.
“And this?” “It's I: 1 know it
“Nay; try again!"
“It must be N
“And this one?’ -—pointing to an [-—
“That's YOU!” was Tommy's quick reply.
M ta i
Now ji #11
bmall
His face
caterplilars were
they Lend
{18 HOME
wrens, dressed
feather ackels
ther in the
of the
f
r brisk, busy way
sin ses, or search.
ing beneath the w snd in
deli;
ire small birds,
Mi which they
ith k slender
of a brown
somewhat streaked or mottled with
lark brown. The under part of the body
is a light color, nearly approaching white,
and on the tips of the wings are
small bead.like spots of white.
Their wings are not long, and instead
f flying continuously they flit and jump
from place to piace
The song of the male bird is sweet and
clear, but he is very pugnacious, and will
defend his rights wherever occasion re
quires, even though he may be obliged to
fight larger birds than himself,
The nesta are made of hay or moss,
lined with feathers and covered with a
roof: the opening is at the side
To prevent being discovered the birds
select for the outside of the nest material
resembling in color the object against
which it is to be built, and always choose
some spot where it will be sheltered from
storms, such as under the eaves of a
w mg,
nd their plumage is red
{
i
ie
there
a wall or bank.
of the feathered tribe,
quarters very luxurious,
quite numerous, and may be found in the
cold climate of Labrador, and thence to
the far south. Another is called the
House Wren, and loves to make its home
near dwelling houses, and renders itself a
truly welcome neighbor because of its
sweet and clisery song.
When the winter is very severe, a num.
ber of wrens will form themselves into a
company and take possession of a bird
house, or some old nests, and there make
themselves as comfortable as possible un.
til the intense cold is gone.
There arte several varieties of these
little birds, besides those already men.
tioned, such as the common wren and
wacsn wren, and they are all very inter.
esting little creatures, and as they sing
their sweet songs in coldest winter
!
weather ns well as through the summer,
they have of giving
pleasure,
unlimited power
Valuabla Dog Collars.
“I can assure you that you have
not been misinformed as to gold and
precious gems be ne used to decorate
dogs’ collars,’ said of the
known dealers in such articles but
craze far more
France,
is here,
“Not
one best
the is prevalent
Russia and England than it
in
weeks ago I sug
order of
that
chain ef
many
to the special
{lady a dog collar
| guineas. It was a
silver and gold links alternate
with a gold ‘0 hang in
French ladies are very fond of
an rang
Cost
Deil
aog coliars, a small gold wate!
let into the front of the ¢
scores of causes
ima Ww
le collars
solid Ri id and
ry
i
How to Breathe.
A Bug Born of Fire,
have evol
far, the
do not
health or
certainly
’
3»
PEARL
lessened
a8 new
he timb
*
ia Be
is
tira
+
ure in §
nut 1 have not
cracked
Simplicity of Clever Inventions.
is to be born with a brain subject to
flashes of inspiration that will sap-
ply you with first class plots But if
you want to be an inventor you should
work from the opposite standpoint
Find a crying need and seek to think
out a means by which it may be met.
Here is the fashion in which one man
did this: Walking through a green-
house one day, he noticed that the
gardener was obliged to go to a good
deal of trouble to raise each venti-
lating window separately.
“Why could not some arrangement
be devised,” this observant individ-
ual said to himself, ‘by which all
these windows could be opened by
one movement?’
| He thought o er the problem and
contrived a model, and the result was
the apparatus now in use in all con-
| servatories,
Cats Living in Trees,
Two cases are reported-—one re-
{ cently and the other in the summer
of 1881. The latter was in St. James’
Park, London, when a stray cat made
a nest in a tree some forty or fifty
feet from the ground, aad her kittens
were seen to be disporting them.
solves in the branches like so many
squirrels.
———
Useless Letters.
The French language contains 18
per cent, of useless letters. There
are 6,800 journals published in this
language, and they print 108,000 -
000,000 letters every year, so that
14,040,000,000 letters are printed, not
because they are needed, but because
they have come to be used in the
French language as it is spoken,
World Famed Dogs.
the Bt. Bernard breed of
become extinet, and although
now employed are noble and
sngacious animals, and are looked upon as
f
descendants of
AS regards
dogs it Las
the
CROINeR
the breed coming from the
the most vothing
¥
Pyrenees, they ft
mindlands crossed
Barry
i, who
more than N
i Lhe most
said to have
rescued seventy heen
for ANY Ve
per ns, HAs
ars i
if the ti
dend
iead
passed aw ighbreds
Neverthe two sets
which are
pri ~y
rinss are pr
ns and are workin
LANDLS
older
Thus ti
ywer duri
the
t throu
branches
r
that the manufa
1 8a
Jewelers (
hout
f our
BUYS
is pyiden Rg
manufacturing t
vd
disappointed ali signs
iustry, a turers
t be
wii
ny
cate.
Scientific Kite Flying.
Kite fl ir
for fun
which used to be done
has arisen to the dignity of
experiment. Two
experiments are in progress
one under the direction of the
Weather Bureau at Washington, and
the other at Blue Hill. near Boston
conducted by W. A. Eddy, of New
Jersey. Not only do the experiment-
ers send the kites up | thou-
IR.
1
of
sets
several
sand feet, but they send up cameras
with them, and get pictures of the
landscape from that altitude. The
ostensible purpose of the scientific
kite flying is to find out as much as
possible about the atmosphere and its
currents, barometric curves, temper:
ature and other ingredients; but no
doubt it is just us good fun to fiy a
scientific kite as any other sort, and
no doubt the scientific grown-ups en
joy it.
A Pin Machine.
Among the operative exhibits in
Machinery Hall at the Cotton States
and International Exposition isa pin
machine. It is in two parts, the
first of which makes pins and the
second sticks them in paper. This
will be done in full view of the visit.
ors. A siender thread of brass wire
is started in one end of the machine.
It is cut, pointed and the head put
on, and the completed pin is dropped
into a bath which plates it with
white metal. From this receptacle
the pins are dropped into a sifter,
which carries them rapidly to the
sticking machine, where they are
stuck in regular rows in the paper,
and a complete paper of pins is
turned out. The mechanism of the
machinery is delicately eloborate,
and one of the most interesting ex-
hibits in the Machinery Hall,