ICE CREAM.
POINTS OF INTEREST ABOUT A
SUMMER LUXURY,
Turning Out 2,000 Gallons of the
Frozen Commodity Daily in a Big
Factory-«-How It Is Done.
One of the largest ice cream facto-
ries in the city, says the Chicago
Record, is located on a busy down-
town street and throngs of shoppers
pass it day after day without an in-
timation of its presence. The work
is all carried on in a damp basement,
where the atmosphere is always as
raw and chilly as that o! a March
morning. At one end o! the room
there is a long row of tanks half full
of ice water, and in them, half sub-
merged, stend rows of cream cans
butirecently brought fromja creamery
in Wisconsin. For ice cream is really
made of cream-—at least by the
larger and better manufacturers. In-
deed, the cream tests 1S per cent. of
butter fat, while the city ordinances
require only 15 percent. A taste of
if from a glass brought memories of
a farm house pantry, so rich and yel-
low it was. In a little room not far
from the cream tanks the flavoring
compounds are kept lla, which
is more largely used than any other,
is made there by ]
Fully &0
cream
vanilla, ir
supplies
Lemon flavoring, on
has almost wholly gone out of fashion
ard the small « i
flavored with the
fruits instead of th
extracts. The manufactures
to employ any of the '
gsences, such a
berry, none of which
ticle the real {
these he I
served fruits themsely
from r-Y
The
apricot
strawberry.
ap Mo:
per «
vy
sent
tae
11 iti
ntities
juantitie
igice
168
$ pineapple :
cal
1i8éSs
avors
VOT
Y
favorite
sively us
In an
inder the
storage
pa
ous
endless
the top
drog
by 2 feet i
with sharp
is torn
the ice cream.
are simple in
There is an iron
cream free
this an s
ice
gar, airways a
formula l
never va
80
machin
25 minutes to
and salt
started.
a
CAN COMMS
woods
out.
cream. The cost]
icecream, owing to
fruits used are
pudding is made
quantity of i
cream before [reezing.
loaves of ice-cream are formed by
packing %in cases with layers of
cream. colored with chocolate and
strawberries. Then the cases are
placed in ice until the layers are thor.
oughly frozen together, after which
the cake readily comes out and can
be wrapped in oiled paper and packed
in a pasteboard box, ready for the
banquet.
(Of late years
extensively molded in
artistic designs, Some entertainers
have an individual model for each
guest. The mold is made of pewter
in two parts, hinged together. By
filling it with ice cream and pressing
it together the necessary shape is ob-
tained. Some of the flower castings
can be inade very beautiful by vary-
ing the colors inside. A recent de-
sign is a mold in the shape of a
human foot, supposed to resemble
Tritby's foot. In vanilla cream it
has a startling realistic appearance,
For a card party a deck of cards is
cast, and molds are made to repre-
sent various prominent men.
The history of ice cream i8 rather
obscure. Prior to 1801 the best sub-
fruits
Vari-colored
candie in
the
ice cream has been
unique and
set on blocks of ice to cool. It con-
and salt and motion was
then known.
the West Indies. He was a confec-
tioner,and seeing the frozen puddings
then in vogue set about to improve
them. e¢ not only
custards hard by a secrot process,
but was able to mold them in various
forms. This first ice cream became
very popw ar 2ith the epicures of the
day and Jackson laid up quite a
fortune. Until recently his descend-
{ ants were still making ice cream in
| Philadelphia.
|
| GOTHAM'S OLDEST HOUSE.
Where the First Blood of the Reve
olution Was Shed.
Several decades previous to the
Revolution, when the Sons of
Liberty were struggling to bring the
citizens of New York to a sense of the
indignity that was being heaped
upon them by the British Govern-
ment, the city sold lots on what is
now William street to enterprising
citizens, who agreed to erect houses
of two or three stories on them. Of
the houses built at this time, or at
any time previous, during the early
days of New Amsterdam, the oldest
now standing is a quaint three-story
brick structure at 122 William
street.
The house, which has changed in
appearance but little since it was
first built, is owned by Thomas B.
Gilford, of Toms River, N. J., by
whose ancestor, Snmuel Guilford, it
was purchased from its builders in
1773. Prior to that year nothing of
the owner of the place is known, for
the records of transfer have long
since erumbled to dust, and nothing
iow remains of the original builders
but the queer-looking little house,
the bricks of which have outlived the
sons and great grandsons of the men
whose hands laid them.
In Revolutionary times the site of
122 William street was the summit
of what was then known as Golden
Hill. It was on this piece of historic
round that the first blood of the
Ji
‘ol was shed, for the battle of
(
1188
as it was w
ty were battlin
of our Republi
A Dangerous Prastice.
ancet sounds a note
should be echoed
the
ondon L
of
th g : ivilized land on
It relates an
instance of a consumptive who hada
stand on the street for selling little
toys with whisties in imitation of
birds. These toys were sold for penny
After play the attention ol
some youngster was attracted, the
toy he had been using was bought by
the child, who put into his own
mouth wet end of the whistle
until
the
covered with the salivaof the vendor
This is but a sample of the ways in
which discases are spread Who
can say but that all these toys are
brought by the seller from homes
where diseases of all kinds run riot?
The petted darling of some household
where health and hygiene are ob-
served may take into his month one
of these pipes that some scarlet-fever
or diphtheritic child Las played with
the night before.
Not long since, on a metropolitan
thoroughfare, a man selling these
bird whistles allowed hall a dozen
children to take a littié toot at them.
No one seemed to realize that any
one of these little ones might be com-
ing down with some contagious dis
ease, or that the blast of a tiny
trumpet might be the call of the
minister of death
It is quite time that some peremp-
| tory measures were taken to restrict
peddling by persons who are simply
| hotbeds of contagious germs, and
| whose very touch is contaminating.
It is said that life isa choice of evils,
but at least narents can refuse to
| select for their little ones toys that
in the nature of things are laden
with the very evils that they so
steadily seek to avoid,
ss —
A Veteran : Horse.
The Virginia Military Institute at
Lexington owns a draught horse
| which has been at that institution
| since beforethe war, and up to u few
| days 8go he did service at lis place in
the wagon.
JAPAN'S BRILLIANT TACTICS IN
SUBDUING CHINA,
A Succession of Victories~-~-An Of-
Which Japan Will General China's
Vast Armies Should Either Be Be-
sieged.
The full terms of the
finally avowed, and more than justify
the wildest estimate that
been made of the ambition of the
conquering power. The independ-
ence of Corea was assured, but such
independence as Corea would enjoy
under this treaty is a mere sham.
The annexation Formosa, of the
conquered strongholds and of the
territory east of the Liao River is
the dismemberment of China. The
indemnity is $142 000,000,
The sixth article provides for
offensive and defensive alliance
tween China and Japan, This
means generals in com-
mand of Chinese armies, Japanese
admirals restoring China's navy, Jap-
mntrol Chinese finances,
commerce and foreign
a word it gives to forty
Japanese the power of
resources the four
ns of China.
Japan would make of
sufficiently indicated
of Count Okuma,
! Affairs
of
¢
be-
Japanese
anese c¢ of
legislation,
relations. In
millions of
handling the
hundred milli
What use
this power is
in the words
ex-Mir
an
who
e already
i the
3 Lie
rs if not
favorabls
the U
the pa
tu lly
through the i
ister Dun
Denby in Pekin.
The first rt
sinking f the British ste
Kowshing off Asan Corea, in July by
the Japanese crusier Naniwa
Kowshing was transporting troop
reinforce the Chinese on the »
suln.
Two days before the Japanese
in effect seized
Seoul
gia
act of war was the
mshi
the king's
pretense of
yrean monarch.
pala
under prot
the helpless C
yee
LI HUNG
————————————————
CHANG,
July 20 Japan called out her re-
representatives of other countries
that war was on and politely informed
the rest of the world that things
vere just what they seemed.
There were numerous engagements
of minor consequence while the
Japanese were driving the Chinese
northward out of Corea, but the first
reat battle was at Pingyang, Sept.
5 and 16, when Field Marshal (now
Minister of War) Yamagata's army |
captured that stronghold.
Sept. 17, the sea fight off the |
mouth of the Yalu River sub!
stantially destroyed the Chinese |
Navy. eld Marshal Oyama sailed |
from Hireskima Sept. with the |
second Japanese army, but was lost |
to sight until exactly one month |
Talien on the BShinking Peninsula
of China. Marshal Yamagata meun-
while lad been leading his
| torious army through
| Corea.
Port Arthur, looked upon as
{of the best fortified places in the
world, fell Nov. 21.
ese armies then marched leisurely on
to Peking There was
{ fighting, but evidently the Japanese
| did not press the campaign, moving
along leisurely and when ready cap-
River.
The battle of Weihaiwei
next and the final important engage
ment of the war.
Japan has
strration about Formosa, but proba-
bly in order to lay a foundation for
a claim to it in the peace negotiations
rather than to seize the island.
About the middle of March the talk
of peace negotiations, which had
been heard for some weeks, crystal-
lized in the definite agreement of
Japan proposed.
The correspondence
through the !'nited States ministers
in order to avoid a repetition of the
incident of February, Japan
kicked out two emissaries masquer-
ading ambassadors, but
without credentials.
After some further
was carried on
when
as peace
delay Li Hung
ioned to rep-
‘hina and sailed
where
ind
: the
for Shim
was received
sent
mi ioners
1
be ex-
ex-
passes
: on
per
al
cans of sis
rustom uthorities
¢
two
value of
and one-half
the gobds.
the liken was a tax of
copper coin varying
tenth to
American cent
alue of sales, and
was imposed by the people ot China
make up the de-
tax during the
Bil
upon themseives to
ficiency in the land
Taiping rebellion.
The moner thus raised was to
get apart for military measures only-
and intended to be merely a tempor
ary measure, Bat it is still levied
and has been recognized in treaties
by foreign nations trading with
be
Some Queer Nests,
A great comfort of the modern
dwelling house was long anticipated
by the birds, namely, lighting by
means of electricity. This bird,
called melicourvis Baya. is a tiny
creature of India, and constructs a
well designed nest. which is sus.
pended from palm trees and roofs of
houses. The nest resembles a bottle
in shape and is woven together with
great art. In it are found great balls
of clay, and these are in reality can-
dlesticks in which glow worms are
got to serve as candles; these are
placed about the entrance of the
which is therefore luminous.
This lightning is a defense against
snakes and other midnight prowlers,
who are frightened away by the pale
fire of the glow worm. The little
birds never think whether their liv.
ing candles suffer any more than the
as torches,
—— AA A
A Mine as a Paris Exhibit,
M. Paschal Grousset, depnty of
Paris, proposes, as a novelty for the
exhibition of 190), to dig a ming to
the depth of 1,600 meters, in which
an exhibition of coal, diamond, gold
and other mining could be given. It
would be a paying ‘side show,’’ he
thinks. ;
POPULAR SCIENCE, An Indian Pipe With a History,
Captain W. H. Tondee, of Lumpe
kin, has an Indian pipe which has a
| history. It is a pipe given to him by
an Indian Chief. It is a beautiful
picee of workmanship and demon-
strates clearly the patience and in.
gennity of those strange people. The
bowl and stem, or shank, of the pipe
made dark.
mottled red red
marble, bat somewhat i
appearance the red obsidian of which
ends are sometimes fonnd
about the of Indian villages. The
stom part of the pipe is about eight
% long, and abont au inch
, from the tail end of which
bowl of the |
high and gra
top to about
in
the bowl
The ster
to each other, and the carved en
the shank projects beyond the
abont an inch. The whole pipe is
hour can be obtained | beautifully polished and displays nice
with a car carrying thirty-six passen- | adjustment of proportions
gers, the cost being fifteen cents a mile | metry. Underneath the bowl of the
with gas at one doilar a thousand feet. | pipe, on the stem, is a weli-execated
carving of a horse's head and neck.
And now comes the marvelous and
curionsly interesting portion of the
complete pipe; it is the stem proper
The stem is made of hickory or some
fine-grained hard wood; is two feet
long and ornamented with carving
This stem 1s about one inch wide aad
half an inch thick, the edges being
ronaded to make the upper and |
It is simpls
ng and shows the grain
Through
m are a number
»1 holes ent, each about
ne-qnarter of an ineh
irreXniar
Tt is said that seasickuess is rare on
vessels fitted with bilge keels.
Two pounds of potatoes are said to
contain as much nutriment as thirteen
pounds of turnips.
ied phosphorus combines with
chlorate of potash to make an explo-
sive of great violence, Aare Ot some heavy,
stone, faid to be
They are trying to invent a phono-
graphic desk on which a speaker can
record his own orations,
resembling in
}
’ Arrow
The new photograph of the heavens
which is being prepared by Loudon,
Berlin and Parisian astronomers
shows 68,000,000 stars,
It 18 reported that the United States
cruiser Minneapolis, with her three
screws, is mnch more economical in
her consumption of coal that the twin
screw vessels,
i 4
Bile
in
0
pe, abont four
lually enlarging
and a half
opening in
{ ng
inches
to
inches
tae one
dismeter, the
being small, the walls thick.
s and bowl are at right angles
i of
(Glas-engines are being used in res-
den, Germany, to propel street-cars,
They are of nine-horse power, and are bowl
placed nuder the seats. A speed of
nine miies an
and sym
The total horse-p ywer of the « ngines
of the world, pot igeluding locomo-
tives, of which there are 105,000, with
a total hors 3,000,000, is
46,000,000, represents all the
force that could be exerted by 1,000, -
yr more than twice the
total working population of the entire
1
globe.
power of
whisk
000,000 men,
Aluminum is not,
ally supposed, in itself a strong metal hané at
: : 3 3 without staini
It is only half as strong as wronght iron ithout stat
. It i of the i
! g ia}
r metals that | flattish
With
DDE!
Fa mensio very
, One : ’
ard
A% i8 qnuile gener.
3 i surfaces oval,
. WOO clearly. this
and has a very low elastic limit, ’ 54
when combined with oth
begins to appear.
twelve per cent c
Oval sls of
diamond-shs
1L8 real value
eight to
making aluminun
denses®,
ste
210 De.
ngest metals known 1s
The First Commoner
The position of the
mediate i
al ag }
the
firs
i
whole
i mam—II
Primitive Fire Enzine:,
curious
even be
Aastralasiat
a single disch
trough
chamber, and ont of
turned in any
Fire engines apg
have used extensi
early Romanus, who, furthermore, or-
passe ap fa
Fue
been
va ry 2 en] vi1lar Bre brica le
. ganized regular fire brigades.
and, may | ube Ler he € i th teenth
hla to . > # "ort Ha
. century a fire engine
“water syringe’ was
408¢ | whieh, in & measure, resembles the
modern forms of fire engines. This
3 1 vi 4
was mounted on wheels sud the water
3 1
amped by levers
vossible
a8 a
Hey -
introduced,
ion where personal fit enters
argely nto the
3
ntrasted with
30 ag i
result
3 80
calculations of th
selection to an import
r to find
dignity
enco
was | This form of
was very generally used
In England about
» large brass syringes
used. held several quarts of
water and were operated by thres
men, two of them holding the syringe
at each side with one hand and direcs-
ng the nozzle with the other, while
the third operated the piuoger. It
was necessary, after baving discharged
the water from the syringe, to refill it
from a well or cistern near the fire or
from buckets, The syringes wers
later fitted to portable tanks of water,
The first snuccessiul fire was
probably the Newsham engine, and
this was the pioneer of manually oper-
ated fire engines. The pumps 1n these
engines were built on many different
designs, but in most cases they were
operated by levers. Fire engines
similar in form to the Newsham engine
were in use up to the year 1850.--
Scientific American.
impartiality has
wolders of the oifi Lundreds
years. Perhaps ally 1m
portant to find that influence of
these two moral qualitis
found equal to the task of maintaining
order and curbing excitement daring
of Natiooal lif where the
coercive powers vaste holder
of the office small as t«
depend entirely for enforcement 1
the vote of the Honse
Hr per's Weekly
I
The Madstoue is Light and Porous,
The madstone is a light, porous
stone, of a greenisi color, which 1s
said to possess the property of draw-
ing the venom from the bite of a dag
or other animal afflicted with hydro.
phobia. They are quite rare, being
only occasionally found ia the Soata.
—-New York Dispatch.
engine in
Crermany tae
game tim were
hose
i
centuries i n
1 1a the
itself are fo
in each case
engine
Horse Populauion of New York,
The Board of Health has just com-
pleted a horse census of New York.
The recapitulation shows that there
are 63,212 equines hauling everything |
from garbage to pleasure seekers at all i
hours of the day and night. —=Chicago |
Times-Herald.
That Tired Feeling
It is remarkable how many people | forerunner of nervous prostration,
there are who have That Tired Feeling | with all 2 hotsthle ue tein that
: : ; | term implies, at Tired Feeling and
and seem to think it is of no impor- Hb are sare indications a AnD
tance or that nothing need be done for | jp, oup0 and impoverished condition of
it. They would not be so careless if {the blood. The craving of the system
they realized how really serious the |
for help ean only be met by purifying
malady is. But they think or say “It | the blood. Hood's Sarsaparilia is the
will go off after a waile.”
| one great blood purifier. It expels all
We do not mean the legitimate | regulates the digestion and makes the
—— AS —
*A designing man I hate!” cried Nell,
With scornful bead erect,
And yet within a year she loved
And wedded an architect.
New Orleans Times-Democrat,
| impurities, gives vitality and strength,
hard day's work, but that all-gone, | * Io the spring 1 leit very musi ran down
worn-out feeling which is especially | —no strength or appetite, I began to take
overpowering in th: morning, when | Hood's Sarsaparilia and my appetite improv.
the body should be refreshed and odand I did not have That Tired Feeling
ready for work. It is often only the | IL R. Sqrinms, East Leverett, Massachusetts.
Hood’s Sarsaparilla
Makes Pure Dlood.