—
tion for Your Serap Book.
Buckles were first made in 1680,
Brandy was first made in France
K310.
The first horso
1828.
kloral was discovered by Liebig
| HAR
Lampblack was invented by Mini
1844.
Water pipes of lead were first made
1236.
The folding envelope was first used
1830,
Coal was fir
in 1350.
in
railroad was built in
in
in
fuel
at used in England as
in 1540
Telescoper were first made
in 1500.
by
ger, 1837.
Coal oil was first used
ant in 1828.
The velocipede was invented by Drais
in 1817.
The piano
fali, in 1711.
The Gatling
fing, 1861.
Baromet:
celli, 1643.
Bombshells were
in 1495.
Ice was flest
Carre in 1360,
Steel needles w
land in 1545
Anemomete
lers in 1709.
The first almanac was printed in Hun
gary in 1470.
Iron pavements were
don in 1817.
Acrometers
Baume in
The
Whitney, 1793.
Roller skates were inn
“om, in 1863.
Corn-shellers
Phinney, in 1815
The first Ameri
made in 1740.
as an illumin-
was invented by
rs were invented by Torri
¢t made in Holland
by machinery by
made Ia Eng-
Wof
by
invented
were
1768
papers i
The f
Newbald
Baronet
in France,
The Iron
The Argand
Amie Argand
Stocking-m
work of Lee,
Diving b
nariner in
Furna
vented by Cor
Machines
ed by Mit
Shoe | §
Stik manuf;
Europe in .
The notati
was inv
Woorden pavements were
of Nicholson in 1854
The turning lathe was invented by T.
lanchard 1843
Locomotive engines were first made by
Trevethick in 1802, !
Nail-making machines
by Wilkinson in 1775
Bellows were invented by Anacharsis,
dn Scythia, B. C. 569,
The machine for paring
wised by Contes in 1803,
The steam printing press was invented
by Richard Hoe, 1812
Yhe cireulation of the blood was dis-
covered by Harvey in 1617.
The magic lantern was the
of Roger Bacon in 1260.
Washboards were invented
American numed Rice in 1819,
in system of writing music
uted in 1070,
the
Srivenitioe
inveniion
3
.
t
were invented
apples was de
by an
Chinese scholars, B. C, 1109,
The first pair of spectacles was made
by Spina, an Italian, 1299,
The first silver coin was made by
Phidon, King of Argos, 869 B, C.
Globes and maps were the invention of
Anaximander, 502 B, C,
Platform scales were the invention of
Thaddeus Fairbanks, in 18:31,
The circular saw was devised by
Bentham, an Englishman, in 1790.
The snare drum was brought to Eu
rope by the Baracens, about 708,
PSone ting by machinery was
fiest done in Holland in 1480,
Machines for making tacks were first
made by Thomas mn, Moy 1806,
The amalgamator was an American in-
vention by Varney about 1850,
Light howitzers, for field use, were
first made by Paixhans, in 1822,
The dinner fork was introduced into
Ztaly in 1491, into England in 1608,
soul-moving accordion was in-
wented by Damian, of Vienna in 1820,
The first omnibus appeared in Paris in
1825; in New York five years later.
The method of vuleanizing rubber was
invented by Goodyear in 1819,
The spinning jenny was the invention
of Hargreaves, in England, in 1767
Thrashing machines were invented by
Menzies, a Seotchman, in 1732,
Stereoty ping the invention of
Didot, 1793, and came to America, 1813,
The game of backgammon in
Palamedes, a about
wins
wns
: {
LIrees,
Gilding with gold leaf was first done
5
The hand fire engine was first made in
The alphabet was brought into Greece
The soul-entrancing clarionet was the
The Davy safety lamp for miners was
by Sir Humphrey Davy in
The riffe was invented by Whitworth
in 1800; the repeating rile by Sharp,
Matches for striking a light were in
and Eve,
The first postoftice opened its doors in
1462: in England, in 1581; in
.
1510,
known in
in Rome, |
D. The
ad in 1605
ing mach
F
Banks and banking were
Greece 385 years befor Christ;
352 B. C.: in Venice, 1157 A
Bank of England originate
Nes
land in
I'he
POPULAR SCIENCE NOTES.
AX EsINEERING ACHIEVEMENT, -~A2
important government work has been
completed in Japan. From Lake Biwa,
having an arca of 500 square miles, at an
olevation of 143 feet, a navigable canal
seven miles long has been 1un to Kioto,
involving two miles of tunneling and an
aqueduct of considerable length, Near
the city is a sharp decline of 118 feet,
jrom the base of which the eanal contin
This difference in level
is overcome by inclined plane ways 2.100
feet in length, on which boats are raised
and lowered from one easal to the other
by an electric motor driven by a water
wheel. waterfall also supplics
power for manufacturing purposes.
ues to the sea,
The new
Lire AT GREAT DEPTHS IN THE BEA, ~—
For a century more, writes Prof. N.
8. Shaler, naturalists have known a great
deal concerning the marine
which dwell in the shallow waters next
the shore. They long ago learned the
amazing richness of these littoral forms
amounts to
more than one hundred thousand dis
tinct forms: it is, ho of late that
they have as ertained the deeper
parts of the ocean-floors have an
abundant and varied The
greater part of these shore dwellers are
ant of the enormous
pre ssure of the di per walters,
of the low temperature and total
ness which exists there, Certain
have, h the
peculiar condition
ration
crept away from
or
organisms
The census of species now
I
however,
that
also
peopling.
exceedingly intoler
] as well as
dark
forms
wever, acquired abili
hese
DY 2em
Aes they
“rad § i
through
£1 have
1 pressure
panted by «1
184
dreecd
‘Thornton &
cannon
The
(his
War
edd by
first employe «dd in
Wer
1846,
Checkers «
Toba
Spaniards e
was Introduces
in 15355
The first carpets made in Europe were
1664, in imi.
In on
co was taken to Europe bs
teenth nt
i CEN
land by Raleigh
manufactured in France in
tation of some which had
from Turkey.
Wooden milroads were
land in 1802: iron rails were first
1780: the first iron
America in 1827.
brought
built in Eng
*
a
vid
HET
in
railroad was |
2000 B. C.. to the Hindoos 2566 B. C. Its
European invention is credited to Roger
Bacon about 1281.
| Lace-making was first done by Barbara
Uttman about 1550, though the invention
| is claimed for an earlier date by France
| and Italy.
The first electric light was the inven
| tion of Stalte & Petrie in 1846, but scoros
of men have since made improvements
| and adapted it to popular use,
The magnifying lens is believed to
| have been known to the ancients, but in
{ modern times was brought into use by
| Roger Bacon in 1262.
| Brass pins were first made by the
| Saracens in Spain in A. D. 800; were
brought to England by Catharine of Ar-
ragon, wife of Henry VIIL
The first nowspajer in the modern
sense was issued monthly at Venice in
1586; the first English newspaper was
published in 1622; the first American in
1704.
The water clock was known in Rome
B. C. 158. Dial clocks were first put up
in A. D. 918; striking clocks were Sara-
cenic, about 801; pendulum clocks were
invented in 1641; repeating clocks in
1656.
The first handkerchiefs on the British
Islands were made in Paisley, Scotland,
1743; were made popular on the conti.
nent by the Empress Josephine, who had
bad teeth, and held her handkerchief be-
fore her mouth when she laughed,
forms which
Oni
Are i
wed, and
mere
sapt ation «
different v
ph
4 1 sv ile
3 . wil Per i
quate explanation of
ery Ing i
Overy "wr
in Be
in of
Ors have
mua. It has been found that cert
a
thie de nizens « f thir lev py seat
phosphorescent their bodies
parts of
which serve to give light in a mar ner in
is yielded by
flies and glowworms, Th
by these light-giving parts is probably
{ the attraction of the sexual mates of the
| ereatures, In the utter darkacess of the
ocean this indispensable end could be at
2 3
i tained
which it the
in no other way.
Universal Pigeon English
Many persons do not know and many
may be interested in learning that for a
hundred years Pigeon English has been
the recognized language of trade and
commerce for about 500,000, 000 Asiatios
and A7ricans in all their dealings with
foreigners of all other nationalities. The
English, Americans, French, Italians
Russians, Germans and Dutch must all
uge Pigeon English in order to transact
business with the natives,
versal language than any other in the
special language for all nations, espec-
ialy if aided b
Fela English and its dialects. What
is Volapuk alongside of Pigeon English?
—{ Minneapolis Tribune,
Big Oysters are Sick.
i si
abnormal growth,
the shells symetimes reach an extraordin.
ary size, but the remarkable thickness is
caused by a disease, which, to the oyster,
is something like elephantiasis to the
man, The disease is common enough
hmong oysters, but it is rare that so ex-
gerited a case is seen as in the huge
shells already mentioned. -~[New York
Journal,
SOMEWHAT STRANGF.!
i
dead,
to the
The
Mp!
doctor summon
declared the ¢
ACCIDENTS AND INCIDENTS OF
EVERY DAY LIVE,
Quear Episodes and Thrilling Adven- |
tures Which Show That Truth is
Stranger Than Fiction,
r has proitiay effect
lerls look n
Grav h
makes an «
and a vy
other day
the natural kis
anil E
wus scttic
young man
but whos
His face i% ith a
hair 1s as gray a
He was traveling re
stone Purk
of a vouny
they had any
oblige d to ¢
Englishman would insist on carry
one belonging to his
his own, For
burdened hin
American,
rather my
man, It
BCTV
1
f '
i I youngor
alder
oun
ury
elated by a
of thirty
iment
on th
sO
snd made th
Englis
ing
COM
neat
he drawhba
o. she 3 yt
hild five
sirthday she
haat hes i het
of
Ei
it
pubs it
and d
Valley
to 1
Virginian
her home,
tn
expect
A Fauxca paper Sta
recently Dr. P
dinner, sat quietly chatting
of the drawing 1
that a patient had come to s
was strongly recommended
ow practitioners and whos
brought in by the page
submitted with a bad grace
into his surgery, The visite in ar
advanced stage of consump he
bronchial tubes were in a deplorable
condition and the chords neatly
worn out hur physic inn was In lac
habit of ascertaining the condition
patient by asking him to count,
generally stopped him at thirty or thir
five-—quite long enough for the purpose.
This time, also, Dr. PP asked his paticat
to count. Time passed on, and re
guests began to feel alarmed at his pra. |
tracted absence, One of them opened
the surgery door. Dr. P had gone ta |
sleep in his armchair, and the patient |
had counted up to 8,642,
w comp nny
in a
when he
vho |
1
:
WOH,
Ivy
Yiu ul
{
}
Ix a small house of the Rue Sainte |
Marguerite, Paris, there has lived for a
jong time past a crippled old beggar
known in the quarter as “The Terrible
Savoyard.” One morning recently he
left his lodgings as usual to offér pencils
to the charitably inclined, and when he
arrived at the wineshop of the Rue Bas.
troy, where ho was known, he began to
tease the housemaid, Clemence Pravost,
The girl, not relishing his attentions,
retorted: “If you had watered your
wine this morning you would be less
troublesome,” and threw a glass of water
in his face. The old man sprang for
ward with an insult on his lips, but sud.
denly staggered back and fell down
S10
pres
A xvunen of vears azo, savs a local
Wis dropped into the mail
box, at Pittsfield, N. H., by i
i It was written to her lover,
reached him, and, after
ried
youn
but
some time
aly
of him, or
snother, he
the Pittsfield
overhauled,
supposing she had wea
trunsferred her affections to
1800, when
and
in question w
s Tepall wl
as {found in
of and sent on
d
in partition,
to whom it was direct
ot at liberty to re
the one
TAIT
who,
11
10
from
weident wa
felt it
}
nrstinl
HOusStng
him, he duty
is
vhow has met
d
PETAONS
that h
Cincinnati
the
hag heen
Gono UxveEnza is 8
Fodd
He
of doect but they
who bas been troub with
ism for a long time
rave
He tried all sorts of pore
mled by all
no
Comin sorts of
who professed to know
vo told him that lemons, proj
He must
three the
should
wijre o
ire
two the second, third
days, then he diminish
number consumed in the same was
was told, but befor
} § 113 1
(1 Lil as
rel he
the !
acid nto Lis
MA Kodiak at
thay
real
Pot
£ »
first
of a New Z ealand
FEE head
School at
lade,
misty of the
ws
Napier, was
steamer several
t nsyornt
in a
ea and buried at aere
left this in her will as
fearing
10 Means f wr th
to burial in the
cremation,
intter and i
earth
there 1s
contains
correspondent
that
This
William was so
somewhere
manuscript
Emperor
h his recent exploit of har
¢ that he wrote with his
writer
put
Heads of Various Types.
——
It is int observe how the
shape of a man’s he ad actz as an index
ta his natiopality-~that is, if you know
how to consult the index. Asa proof of
this, notice how long and narrow the
average American head is. Hats made
in England will not fit such a head at
all. the head being so long ‘‘fore and
as to make the hat too wide at the
With the Germans it is the re.
verse, if any difference
true Rhinelander is wide at the temples;
if the hat is the exact length, in nine
cases out of ten it has to be streteched
sdeways in order to make {it fA
English heads are wide, but not
to pronounced as those of the
Germans, There is more of a “sliding
scale” with them as to the relative length
and breadth. The Celtic head is almost
invariably round or oval, and without
pronounced phirenological “bumps.” For
senetal smoothness of the cranial protu-
wrance, the Italian comes next to the
Celts. either of the two beating the
classic Greeks in that respect. Odd as it
may seem, anatomists Jeclare that the
Turkish skull is almost identical in
shape, size, ote, with that of the enlight
ened Nineteenth Century inhabitant of
the United States. Hat dealers, such as
makers, furnishers, ete., say that the
heads of all nations are gradually grow-
jng larger? In 1860 the average hat used
was 6 7-8, to-day it is 7 1-4, (St. Louis
Republie.
Nelgium is declared to be the most in-
temperate country in Europe,
resting to
a
i,
fg
it
sides,
Piiskiso Minx
milk faust and in
physician di
and
think
them
could
its value ns a 1
cannot use ith aause it gives
gestion, Most
frecly if they wonld
way we have dea
better still, drin
IN
Menicat Use ov Ecos
has been told one tine
ees are mend and drink
a8 A nutritive
known, ¥
that
without a
Oar
nourishing
ve rybaordy y. nowever,
Know beaten }
with or
an egy
seis
rhog it tends by its «
lessen the inflar
few things
burn or
It is contact
burn so | i
varnish and «
and also prevents inf]
Tue Puinosorny ov » Be
look at I tt
carb
4. H.
SOT
ser, and it will In
conzulable ivmph
complete the enucls
ous inclination st
ch can be don
thi
resi, Onarving
4s, and thus
ts the surro
TOFS TIRNSS,
nding
By t
i
rote
q
peestil
i
on
for mfants
that the kit
in the pl
ing to so hig!
M. Yale, i
this subj <
wuide” ©
:. 24
iInier will
The plan empio
Babies’ Ward
milk is us
this
the
as shall mes
+}
it
main o
and, at SAM
access in any ho
y 13
ordinary inteliig
lowed to
hours, when the
stand
leaving the to
pr ticable to 4
the milk, theu
by dipping it 0
have the top milk,
ine sterilizer or
sterilized by boiling the
for half an hour. 1
to many who have been
prolong the pro ous of
for two hours. In the Babies’ Wards, a
barley water made from good barley
| flour, and not from the « Lpensive pre-
pared barley sold in drug stores, is used
with the sterilized milk. The preference
| of the best authority seems to be for a
| barley flour which has been subject to a
heat of 212 degrees for five or six days,
Such a flour is offered in market, and it
is to be preferred to the crude barley
flour. One advantage of sterilized milk
js that it keeps longer, and this is os.
| pecially valuable to the very poor 10
| whom the milk is sold at a nominal
| price in New York City at some of the
disperisaries,
ined
louMe-bo and is
water around it
or.
his time is astonishing
ard ustomed to
sterilizing the milk
}
ne
i
i
AAA
Russian Hotels.
Accommodations are meagre in the
small hotels of Russia. Rooms contain
two broad benches or sofas, on which
there is a covering of straw, held in place
by coarse cotton cloth nailed along the
edges of the board. These benches
sorve as beds, and each patron is expected
to provide his own bedclothing from the
and wraps carried in his tarantass
(Russian ca J. This is the custom
through the interior of Russia. It ie
only in tho cities that one can find beds
in conformity with Western ideas.