PRERTEA TW EE DR. TALMAGE'S: SERMON: Wonders of Disaster and Blessing. ———— “1 will show wonders in the heavens and in the carth.” Joel, 230 Dr. Cumming—great and good man!—would have told us the exact time of the fulfilment of this prophecy. As 1 stepped into his study 1n London on my arrival from Paris just after the French had surrendered at Sedan, the good doctor said to me: **It is just as I told you about France: people laughed at me because I talked about the seven horns and vials, but I foresaw all this from the Book of Daniel and the Book of Revelation.” Not taking any such responsibility in the interpretation of the passage, 1 simply assert that there is in It suggestions of many things in our time, Our eyes dilate and our hearts quickens in its pulsation as we read of events in the Third century, the Sixth century, the Eighth century, the Four- teenth century, but there are more far-reaching events crowded into THE NINETEENTH CENTURY than in any other, and the list quarter bids fair to eclipse the preceeding thre» quarters. We read in the daily news- papers of’ events anounced in one para- graph, and without any special empha- sis—of events which a Herodotus, a Josephus, a Xenophon ,a Gibbon, would have taken whole chapters or whole volumes to elaborate, Looking out upon our time, we must ery out, in the words of the text: **Wonders in the heavens and in the earth.” 1 propose to show you that the time in which we live 1s wonderful for dis- aster and wonderful for blessing, for there must be lights and shades in this picture as in all others. Need 1 argue this day that our time Is WONDERFUL FOR DISASTER? Our world has had a rough time since by the hand of God it was bowled out into space. It is an epileptic earth; convulsion after convulsion; frosts pounding it with sledge-hammer of iceberg, and fires melting it with far. paces seven hundred times heated. It 18 a wonder to me it has lasted so long. Meteors shooting by on this side and grazing it, and meteors shooting by on the other side and grazing it, none of them slowing up for safety. Whole fleets and navies and argosies and fiotillas, of worlds sweeping about us, Our earth like a fishing smack off the banks of Newfoundland, while the Etruria and the Germanic and the Arizona and the City of New York rush by. Besides that, our world has by sin been damaged in Its internal machinery, and ever and anon the fur- naces have burst, and the walking- beams of the mountains have broken, and the islands have shipped a sea, and the great hulk of the world has been jarred with accidents, that ever and anon threatened immediate ition. But it seems to us as if our sentury were esepcially characterized ¥ DISASTER-—VOLCANIC CYCLONI yeeanic, epidemic. 1 say volcanic, be- sanse an earthquake is only a volcano aushed up. When Stromboli and Jotopaxi and Vesuvius stop breathing, et the foundations of the earth be- ware! two centuries recorded in the catalogue »f the British Association! YU'rajan, the gmperor, goes to ancient Antioch, and amid the splendors of his reception is stroys the emperor's life, Lisbon, fair and beautiful at 1 o’clock on the lst of November, 1755, In six minutes 60,000 have perished; and Voltaire writes of them: ‘For that region it was the last judgment, nothing wanting but a trumpet!’ Europe and America feeling the throb; 1,500 chimneys in Boston partly or fully destroyed! But the disasters of other centuries In 1812 Caracas was caught in the zrip of the earthquake: in 1822, in OUhill, 100,000 square miles of land by volcanic force upheaved to four and 1854 Japan felt the geological agony; Naples shaken in 1857; Mexico In 1858; Mendoza, the capital of the Argentine Republic, in 1861; Manilla terrorized in 1863; the Hawalian islands by such ‘orce uplifted and let down in 1871; Nevada shaken in 1871; Antioch in 1872; California in 1872; San Salvador in 1873: while in 1883 what subterra- nean excitement! Ischia, an Island of ‘he Mediterranean, 4 beautiful Italian watering-place, vineyard clad, sur- rounded by natural charm and historical reminiscence; yonder, Capri, the summer resort of the Roman emi. perors; yonder, Naples, the paradise of art—this beautiful island suddenly toppled Into the trough of the earth, 3 000 merry-moakers perishing, and some of them so far down beneath the reach of human obsequies that it may ve sald of many a one of them as it was sald of Moses, **The Lord buried 3m.” Italy, ALL EUROPE WEEPING, all Christendom weeping where there were hearts to sympathize and Chris. tiaus to pray. But while the nations were measuring that magnitude of dis- aster, measuring it not with golden rod like that with which the angel meas ured heaven, but with the black rule 5f death, Java, of the Indian archi- pelago, the most fertile island of all the earth, 1s caught in the grip of the sarthquake, and mountain after moun- tain goes down, and city after city, until that island, which produces the healthiest beverage of all the world, bus produced the ghastliest accident of the , One hundred thousand people dying, dying, dead, dead! But look at the disasters cyclonfc, Alb the mouth of the Ganges are three islands-—the Hattiah, the Sundeep and the mid- i the bottom. They told us before we retired at 9 o'clock that the barometer nad fallen, but at 11 o'clock at night we were awakened with the shock of the waves. All the lights out! Crashl went all the lifeboats, Waters rushing through the skylights down into the cabin, and down on the furnaces until they hissed and smoked in the deluge. Seven hundred people praying, blas- pheming, shrieking. Our great ship poised a moment on the top of a moun- tain of phosphorescent fire, and then plunged down, down, down, until it seemed as 1f she never would again be righted. Ah! you never want to see a cyclone at sea. But I was in Minnesota, where there was one of those cyclones on land that swept the city of Rochester from its foundations, and took dwelling-houses, barns, men, women, children, horses, cattle, and tossed them Into indiscrimi- nate ruin, and Lifted a rail train and dashed it down, a mightier hand than that of engineer on the alrbrake. Cyclone in Kansas, cyclone In Missouri, cyclone in Wisconsin, cyclone in 1h- nois, cyclone in lIowal Satan, prince of the power of the air, never made such cyclonic disturbances as he has in our day. And am I not right in saying that one of the characteristics of the time in which we live is disaster cy- clonic? But look at the disasters oceanic. Shall I call the roll of the dead sh ipping? Ye monsters of the deep. answer when I call your names, The Ville de Havre, the Schiller, the City of Boston, the Melville, the President, the Cimbria, But why should I go on calling the roll when none of them answer, and the roll is as long as the white scroll of the Atlantic surf at Cape Hatteras breakers! If the oceanic cable could report all the scattered life and all the bleached bones that they rub against in the ocean, what A MESSAGE OF PATHOS AND TRAGEDY for both beaches! 1n one storm eighty fishermen perished off the coast of Newfoundland, and whole fleets of them off the coast of England. God help the poor fellows at sea, and give high seats in heaven to the Grace Darlings and the Ida Lewises and the lifeboat men hovering around Goodwin Sands and the Skerries! The sea, owning three-fouths of the earth, pro- poses to capture the other fourth, and is bombarding the land all around the earth. The moving of our hotels at Brighton Beach backward oue hundred yards backward from where they once stood, a type of what is going on all around the world and on every coast, The Dead Sea rolls to-day where ancient cities stood, | that stood on hills, geologists now Oud | three-quarters under the water or al- | together submerged, The sea, haviog | wrecked so many merchantmen and | flotillas, wants to wreck the continents, | and hence disasters oceanic. Look at the disasters epidemic! 1 | century that ravaged Europe, and In Moscow and the Neapolitan dominions and Marseilles wrought such terror in | the Eighteenth century, but I look at | the yellow fevers, and the cholerae, and { the diphtherias, and the scarlet fevers, and the typhoids of our own time. | Hear | THE WAILING OF MEMPHIS | and Shreveport and New Orleans and | Jacksonville of the last few decades. | From Hurdwar, India, where every | twelfth year three million devotees congregate, the caravans brought the cholera, and that one disease slew | gighteen thousand in eighteen days in Bossorah. Twelve thousand lu one summer slain by it in India, and twen- { ty-five thousand in Egypt. Disasters | epidemie! Some of the finest monu- | ems in Greenwood and Laurel Hill | and Mount Auburn are to doctors who | lost their lives battling with Southern | epidemic. | Mut now I turn the leaf in my sub- | ject, and I plant the white lilies and the palm tree amid the night-shade and the myrtle. This age no more charac- wonders of blessing. Blessing of lon- gevity; the average of human life rap- idly Increasing, Forly years now worth four hundred once. Now I can travel from Manitoba to New York in three days and three nights. In other Limes it would have taken three months, In other words, three days and three | nights now are worth three months of | other days. The average of human life practically greater now than when Noah lived his 950 years and Methusa- leh lived his 969 years, BLESSINGS OF INTELLIGENCE. The Salmon P. Chases and the Abra- ham Lineoins and the Henry Wilsons of the coming time will not be re- quired to learn to read by pine-knot lights, or seated on shoemaker’s bench, nor will the Fergusons have to study astronomy while watching the cattle. Knowledge rolls its tides along every poor man’s door, and his children may go down and bathe in them. if the philosophers of the last century were called upon to recite in a class with our boys at the Polytechme, or our girls at the Packer, those old philoso. phers would be sent down to the foot of the class, because they failed to answer the questions! Free libraries in all the Snportant towns and cities of the land. Histysical alcoves and poeti- cal shelves and magazine tables for all that desire to walk through them, or sit down at them. DBlesswngs of quick information: News. papers falling all around us thick as leaves in a September equinoctial. News three days old, rancid and stale. We see the whole world twice a day— through the newspaper at the break- fast table, and th the newspaper at the tea-table, with an “extra’’ here aud there between. Blessings of Guspel you not know that slonary one of the denominations said to me the other day in Dakota: *‘You were wrong when you said our denomination averaged a new church every day of the year; they nine in one week, 80 you are far within the truth.” Ac man of our denomination said: “1 nave fust Leen out mission stations © : Ci IOTTA NITY 18 ON THE MARCH, Whey taba e d7Y 08 AwiBulIng into Ime ¥ fa i ; becility., While Infidelity Is thus dwindling and dropping down into fm- becility, and indecency, the wheel of Christianity 1s making about a thous- and revolutions in a minute. All the copies of Shakespeare and Tennyson and Disraeli, and of any ten of the most popular writers of the day, less in number than the coples of the Bible going out from our printing-presses, A few years ago, In six weeks, more than two million coples of the New Testament purchased, not given away, but purchashed because the world will have it, More Christian men in high official position to-day in Great Britain and in the United States than ever before. Stop that falsehood going through the news- papers—1 have seen it 1n twenty—that the judges of the Supreme Court of the United States are all infidels except one. By personal acquaintance I know three of them to be old-fashioned evangelical Ohristians, sitting at the holy sacrament of our Lord Jesus Christ, and I suppose that the majority of them are stanch bellevers in our Christan religion. And then hear THE DYING WORDS OF JUDGE BLACE a man who had been Attorney-General of the United States, and who had been Secretary of the United States— no stronger lawyer of the century than Judge Black—dying, his aged wife kneeling by his side, and he uttering that sublime and tender prayer: *‘O Lord God, from whom I derived my existence, and in whom I have always | trusted, take my spirit to thyself, and let thy richest blessing come down upon my Mary.” The most popular book to-day 18 the Bible, and the mightiest institution is the Church, and the greatest name among the nations, and more honored than any, is the name of Jesus, Wonaers of self-sacrifice: A clergy- man told me in the Northwest that for six years he was a missionary at the post office, and sometimes he slept out of doors in winter, the thermometer sixty and sixty-five degrees below zero, wrapped in rabbit skins woven togeth- er. Isald: “Is it possible? Youdo not mean sixty and sixty-five degrees belew zero?” He sald, “I do, and I was happy.”’ ALL FOR CHRIST! Where is there any other being that will rally such enthusiasm? Mothers sewing their fingers off to educate their boys for the gospel ministry, For nine years no luxury on fhe table until the course through grammar school and { college and theological seminary be completed, Poor widow pulling her mite into the Lord’s treasury, the face | of emperor or president impressed upon | the coin not so conspicuous as the {blood with which she eamed iL | Millions of good men and women, but { more women than men, 0 whow | Christ is everything. Christ first, and | Chnst last, and Christ forever. Why, this age is nol so characterized | by invention and scientific exploration as it is by gospel proclamation, | can got no idea of it unless you can | ring all the church belis in one chime, | and sound all the organs in one diapa- | son, and gather all the congregations | of Christendom | colsis, Mighty camp roeelings! Mighty | Ocean Groves! Mighty Chautauguas! Mighty conventions of Christian work- jersl Mighty general assemblies of the | Presbylenan Church! Mighty confer lences of the Methodist Churchl | Mighty assogiations of the Baptist { Churchl | Episcopal Church! I think, before long, the best investments will not be lin raflroad stock or Western Union, | but in trumpets and cymbals and festal | decorations, for we are on the eve of | victories wide and world uplifting. | ©O you dead churches, wake up! | Throw back the shutters of stiff eccle- siasticlsm, | spring morning come inl Morning for | the land! Morning for the seal Morn. {log of emancipation! Morning of { light and love and peace! Morning lof a day in whers there shall be no | chains to break, no sorrows Lo assuage, no despotism to shatler, no woes to compassionate. © Christ, descend! sacred temple, take the crown! Bruised hand, take the sceptre! Wounded toot, step on the throne! ‘‘Thine 1s the kingdom.” These things I say because I want you to BE ALERT, I want you to be watching all these wonders unrolling from the heavens and the earth, God has classified them, whether calamitous or pleasing. The divine purposes are harvessed in traces that cannot break, and In girths that cannot slip, and in buckles that cannot loosen, and are driven by reins they must answer. 1 preach no fatalism. A swarthy engineer at one of the depots in Dakota said: **When will yon get on the locomotive, and take a ride with us?” “Well,” said, ‘now, if that suits yon?” So I got on one side of the locomotive, and a Methodist minister, who was also Invited, got on the other side, and between us were the engineer and the stoker. The train started. The engineer had his hand on the agitated pulse of the great engine. The stoker shov- eled in th@®oal, and shut the door with a loud clang. A vast plain shpped under us, and the hills swept by, and that t monster on which we rode trem and bounded and snorted and raged as it hurlea us on. 1 said to the Methodist minister on the other side of track, that iron track; that is the decree. You see this engineer's arm? That is free agency. How beautifully together. am only afraid that for our indolence God will discharge us and get some other stoker and some other engineer. The train is going through with us or without us. So, my brethren, watch all the events that are going by. If things seem to turn out right, give wings to your joy. If things seem to turn out wrong, throw out the anchor of faith, and hold fast. There is a house in London where Peter the Great of Russia lived awhile when he was moving through the land incognito and in workman’s dress, that he might learn the wants of the people. A stranger was visiting at that house recently, and saw in a dark attic an old box, aud he sald to the owner of the house, ‘*What's in that box?’ The owner sald, *‘I don’t know: that box was there when I got the house, and it was there when my father got it. We haven't had any curiosity to look at 1t; I guess there’s pothing in it, **Well,”” said the stran- ger, “I'll give you two pounds for it,» “Well, done.’ The Iwo pounds paid, and recently the contents of that | fifty thousand dollars. private letters, and documents of value beyond all monetary consideration. And here are the events Lhal seem very insigmicant and unimportant, but they incase treasures of divine providence ia while God will the ages as being value, of stupendous SUNDAY SCHOOL LESSON, Buxpay Arnin 21, 1850, The Two Great Commandments, LESSON TEXT. (Mark 12: 28.84. Memory verses, 30, Jl LLESSON PLAN, Toric or THE QUARTER: Finishing His Work. Jesus GoLpeX TEXT FOR THE QUARTER! I have glorified thee on the earth, having accomplished the work which thou hast given me to do.—John 17 : 4. Lesson Toric: The Sum of the Commandments, (1. Taformalion Sought, v. 28, { 2 Informstion Ganed, v8, 20-81 ] | 8. Information Approved, va 5234 GOLDEN Text: Love is the rulfiil- ing of the law.—Rom. 13 : 10. Daly HoME READINGS: { M. Mark 12: 28.34. The of the commandments, T.— Matt, : 54 - 40, parallel narrative. W.—~Exod. 20 117. commandments. i Deut. 5: 1-21. The command- | Lesson Outline: SUI 22 Matthew's The ten T. ments repeated, 1-20. ¥.—Rom, &: None justified the law, end of the law, | the last two months? | God! God! He looketh upen the | mountains, and they tremble. He | toucheth the hills, and they smoke. | God! od! I must be at peace with Him. this God is mine and He 1s yours. 1 tine at the crucifixion, against all the down rockings of the centuries. This of eternity. | ‘Those of us who are In mid life may | well thank God that we have seen 80 MANY WONDROUS THINGS but there are people here to-day who | may have to see the shimmering veil | between the material and the spiritual | world lifted. Magnetism, a word with which to cover up our ignorance, will yet be an explored realm. Electricity, | the flercy courser of the sky, that Ben- LESSON ANALYSIS I. INFORMATION A Skillful Questioner: One of the came, asked him (28). { One of them, a question (Matt, 22 : | The Pharisees .... began with him,....templing 8:11) They saw....the scribes with them (Mark 9 : 14). A certain lawyer stood up him (Luke 10 : 25). | 11. A Skilfal i He i Noo SOUGHT, L scribes and 3 Tay wry « 1 IAwWyer, asxea Do him a | nh nde i to question | him (Mark | questioning | and tempted | Answerer: had answered them well (28 » was able to answer him a 3) 4 n after durst Mark 22 4 3435. $a do | " TT 3 1 Naver HAL 80 isi 111. A Momentous Question: | and Edison have tried to control, will | become compieiely sanageable, and locomotion will be swiftened, and a world of practical knowledge thrown | in upon the race. Whether we depart | in this century, or whether we ses Lhe | open gates of a more wonderful cen- | tury, we will see these things, It does not make much difference where we | stand, but the higher the standpoint | the larger the prospect. We them from heaven If wa do not see | them from earth. 1 was at Fire Island, Long Island, ‘and I went up in the cupola from | come Into port. telescope through that opening and | he went up and looked out. | “wwe are expecting the night.’” 1 sald: “ls it | He sald: “Yes, I pever make a mis | take; before 1 see the hulls, I often | know them by the masts; [ know them all, 1 have watched them so long.” | Oh, what a grand thing it 1s to have | ships telegraphed and heralded long | before they come to port, that friends | may come down to the wharf and wel- | come their long-absent loved ones! So | to-day we take our stand in Lhe watch. | tower, and we look off, and through i the glass of inspiration we look off | andl see a whole tiest of SHIPS COMING IN. | That is the stip of Peace, flag with one | star of Bethlehem floating above the | top-gallants. That is the ship of the { Church, mark of salt wave high up on | the smoke-stack, showing she has had rough weather, but the Captain of sal- | with her. The stup of Heaven, might. | jost craft ever launched, millions of | passengers waiting for millions more, | prophets and apostles and martyrs in | the cabin, conquerors at the foot | of the mast, while from the rigging hands are waving this way as i they knew us, and we Wave | back again, for they are ours; Lhey ‘went from our own households, Ours! Halll Hall! Put of the black, and put on the white. Stop tolling the funeral bell and ring the wedding anthem. Shut up the hearse and take the chariot. Now, the ship comes around the great headland. Soon she will strike the wharf and we will go aboard ber, Tears for ships going out. Laughter for ships coming in. Now she touches the wharf. Throw on the planks, Block up that gang- way with embracing ' Jost friends, for you will have eternity of reunion. Stand back and give way until other millions come onl Farewell to sin! Farewell to struggle! Farewell to sickness! Farewell to death! All aboard for Heaven! A Young Woman with Gall The daughters of Heonry W. fellow tell the story of a remar sii TH gs iE i § i 2) Knowle Assured Knowledge Approved § ! possessed | - improved. —(1 of i HAL i mm Je on as, - rst of ali?” SEVerauy, mad. “What commandment ish 1} The commande {2} The iments relatively som mandimse uts essentially. (1. INFGRMATION GAINED | LL. The One God: The Lord our God. the Lord is one 1 (29). | Hear, O 1srael:the Lord our God is one | Lord (Deut, 6: 4). There is none 12 : 32). They should know thee the only true God {John 17 a To us there is one God, the Father 1 Cor. 5:06. iL The Supreme Love: Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart (30). Love the Lord thy God with all thine heart (Deut. 6 : 5). other but he [Mark thee, but, 10 : 12). Love the Lord....with all thy heart, ...soul,....mind (Matt. 22 : 37). ...10 love him? (Deut. God (2 Tim. 3: 4). 111. Love to Man: self (31), Thou shalt love thy neighbour self (Lev. 19: 1B). Love worketh no ill to his neigl (Rom. 13 :10), The whole law is fulfilled in one Wor .... Love thy neighbor (Gal. 5 : 14). The royal law, .... Love thy neighbour (Jas, 2:8) “Ie Lord our God, the Lord isone.” {1} Une God; (2) Qur God." —{1} God's titles; (2) God's oneness; (3) God's worshippers, 8 «With all thy heart,....soul,.... mind, ....strength.” (1) The su- preme object of love; (2) The com- prehensive sweep of love; (3) The imperative need of love. 3. ““T'hou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.” (1) The duty of love to others; (2) The measure of love to others; (3) The manifestations of love to others, {iL INFORMATION APPROV ED, 1. For its Source: Of a truth, Master, thou hast well said (32). The giveth the word (Psa. 68 : 11). Thou art a teacher come from God John 3 : 2). “ 1f 1 had not. . . .spoken unto them, they had not had sin (John 15 : 22). God, . .. hath. .. .spoken unto us in his sdh (Heb. 1: 1,2). iL For its Substance. To love him....is much more than all... .sacrifices (33). The law of the Lord is perfect (Psa. 10:7). The “ of the Lord are right (Psa, Te Se they which bear witness of mo (John 5 : 89). Thy word is truth (John 17 ¢ 17), the kingdom of as thy- bout 3, Thou art not far from Bad (UN prime ———————————— ES His delight is in the law of the (Pea, 1:2). Thy word is a lamp unto my feet (Pea, 119 : 105), The sacred writings. . . .are able to make thee wise (2 Tim. 3: 13), Every scripture inspired of God is alse profitable (2 Tim, 3 : 16). 1. (*Master, thou hast well said.” (1) The Master's sayings; (2) The scholar’s applause, —(1) The Teach- er. (2) The pupil; (3) The lessons. 9. Much more than all whole burnt offerings and sacrifices.” (1) Raeri- ficial requirements instituted; (2 Sacrificial requirements transcend ed, “Thou art not far from the king dom of God.” Nearness to God's kingdom: (1) 1ts bless=dness; (2) 1s evidences, Lord 2 Py rem——— LESSON BIBLE READING. THE TWOFOLD LOVE, Love to God: Comman ded Dent, 3d daw » A, Commended { Matt, : 12: With all Matt, 22 2 : etter than xi Ah power ay Bil. . 1 sacrifices (Mark 12° ' 4 34. shown by Christ John stic of sainls Character tom, 31d) Love to Man: LESSON SURROUNDINGS. The parable of the wicked husband. men was followed unmediately by an- other, which is reported by Matthew only (Matt, 22 : 1-14); namely, that of This must be carefully distinguished from a in Perea (Luke 14 : 16-24). All three accounts the narrate two Pharisees and Herodians 12 : 13-17; Luke 261, and that of the Sadducees, pant (flit st Matt, 22 : 23-33; Mark 20 : 27.4 wb #3 ing both these, -'ly a flip- 0 1 Le resurrec- tion Luke JR 3 our Lord encoun or lawyer), nt lesson. lace: The tempie, of the Israel i ili Nisan I, 30. Matthew 22: 34 « 80 seems to refer to the probably u ites, The April 4, year « le] passage: “My nA I—— How to Carve. It is considered an accomplishment w to carve well It is not proper stand in carving. The carving knife should be sharp and thin. To carve fowls—which should always xd with the breast uppermost— to De i off the wings and legs without turning the fowl: then cut out the “merry | thought,” cut slices from the breast, take the collar bone, cut off the side pleces, and then cut 1 CATrCass in two. Divide the joints in the leg of a { turkey. In carving a sirloin, cut thin slices | from the side next to you, (it must be put on the dish with the tenderloin un- derpeath.) then turn it, and cut from | the tenderloin. Help the guests to both | Kinds, In carving a leg of mutton, or a ham, | begin by cutting across the middle 0 the bone. Cut a longue ACross, and not lengthwise, and help from the mid- dle part. In carving a pig, it is customary to | divide it and take off the bead before it comes to the table, as to many persons the head is revolting. Cut off the | limbs and divide the ribs. | To carve a fillit of veal, begin at the | top, and help to the filling with each | glice. In a breast of veal, separate the | breast and brisket, and then cut them | up, asking which part is preferred. | ror a saddle of venison, cut from the i tail toward the other end, or other side, | in thin slices. Warm plates are very necessary with venison and mulion, and in winter are desirable for all | meats, out he a ———— Nort Lear Year.—The year of our | Lord nineteen hundred will not be | counted among leap-years, The year is | three hundred and sixy-five days five hours and forty-nine minutes long; eleven minutes are taken every year to | make the year three hundred and sixty- | five and a quarter days long, and every | fourth year we have an extra day. | This was Julius Ciesar’s arrangement. And where do these eleven minutes come from? They come from the future, and are paid by omitting leap year every hundred years. But if leap year is omitted regularly every hun- dredth year, in the course of four hun- dred years it is found that the eleven minutes taken each year well not only have been paid back, but that a whole day will have been given up. Gregory XIII, who improved on Caesar's calendar in 1582, decreed that every centurial vear divisible b] Jous So We g : 5E i i gs 2 2