*
Poet’s Corner.
nt.
Epitaph on a Lady.
Underneath this stone doth lie
As much beauty as could die,
‘Which in life did harbor give
To more virtue than doth live:
If at all she had a fault,
Leave it buried in this vault.
Five Things.
‘What makes the time run short?
Business or busy sport.
‘What makes it long to you?
Hands with no work to do.
‘What brings death quickly in?
Blowness to work and win,
‘What wins the glowing gold ?
The stroke that is brisk and bold.
‘What man stands near the throne?
The man who can hold his own!
Bo brief the time to smile,
Why darken we the air ;
‘With frowns and tears, the while
‘We nurse despair?
Stand in the sunshine sweet,
And treasure avery ray.
Nor seek with stubborn feet
The darksome way.
—Celis Thaxter.
Do not look for wrong and evil ;
You will find them if you do.
As you measure for your neighbor,
e will measure back to you.
Look for goodness, look for gladness:
You will meet them all the while.
If you bring a smiling visage
0 the glass, you meet a smile.
—Alice Cary.
—
Love wakes anew this.throbbing heart,
And we are never old.
Over the Winter glaciers
1 see the Summer glow, =
And, through the wi dipiled snowdrift,
The warm rosebuds blow.
— Emerson.
Stronger than steel
Is the sword of the Spirit
Swifter than arrows
The light of the truth is;
Greater than anger
Is love that stibdueth !
As lamps burn silent with unconscious light,
So modest ease in beauty shines most bright;
Unaiming charms with edge resistless fall,
And she who means no mischeif does it all.
— Aaron Hill
What is beauty ? Not the show
Of shapely limbs and features.
These are but flowers
That have their dated hours
To breathe their momentary sweets, then go.
"Tis the stainless soul within
That outshines the fairest skin.
~Sir A. Hunt
No
And live obedient to the law, in trust
That what will come, and must come,
come well.
will
— Edwin Arnold
Absence of occupation is not rest,
A mind of ignorance is a mind distressed
wee { ‘ow per
The truly generous is the truly wise;
And he who loves not others lives unblest
—Horne
Seldom can the heart be lonely,
If it seek a lonelier still
Seif-forgetting, seeking only
Emptier cups of love w ail.
Frances Ridley Havergal!
Agricultural.
Renovating Cid Cardens.
After a garden has heen maintained
in the same place for many years it
sometimes loses its productive power, in
spite of repeated and heavy manuricg.
Many kinds of vegetables refuse to
thrive, and it to
change the garden-plat or infuse new
life into the cloyed soil by a period of
rest and a partial return to a state of
The location of the vegetable garden
is not always a matter of choice, and
frequently there is but one place which
unites the different requirements of soil,
exposure and convenience, and after
this has been permanently enclosed it is
annoying to arrive at a period when the
garden becomes unable to meet promji-
ly the demands upon it
becomes necessary
It has long been known that heavily
stocking an old garden with red clover,
and allowing it fo remain two years
without plowing, will bring the soil
back to its fertility and vigor. This is
sometimes done by farmers, but it
hard to persuade a village resident to
adopt a remedy so far outside of his
usual As a substitute which,
under certain conditions, is even better
than clover, I would recommend plant-
ing strawberries, One-half of the gar-
den may be planted at a time, leaving
the other half for the raising of such
vegetables as still continue to flourish,
Plow at the usual time, and in April
plant strong plants of any very vigorous
variety, with perfect blossoms and de-
sirable fruit, in rows thirty inches apart
and fifteen inches in the row, Keep
clean and allow the runners to cover all
the ground. Late in the fall mulch
lightly with chopped straw, and in the
following spring pull up any weeds that
show themselves, [Under anything but
extraordinary circumstances——such as a
very late frost or peculiarly unfavora-
ble weather at blooming time-— you will
in June pick a large crop of berries,
which will be a trifle more difficult to
pick than if they were in separate rows,
After picking remove all large or tall-
growing weeds that may have grown
and leave the plantation for another
year’s fruitage, mulching again in win-
ter. The result will be a erop of ber-
ries nearly as large as fhe first.
Immediately after bearing, the heavy
crop of old and new plants which covers
the land should be plowed under and
the greund planted to late cabbage or
Swedish turnips, The following spring
is
course,
——
large crop of early potatoes, followed by
celery. After this the ground will be
fit fer any garden crop, and the other
half of the garden can be subjected to
he same rotation. The result of treat-
ing a garden once in ten or twelve years
to a change of this kind will be emi-
nently satisfactory and profitable. —
American Gardener.
Market Gardening.
Every season furnishes its crops of
unsuccessful merchants or mechanics,
who ask our agricultural editors if
market-gardening does not pay large
profits, and if there is not a good
chance in this business for an indus-
trious man to better his condition.
Judged by the high prices the average
citizen pays for his vegetables in the
large cities it seems to him there must
be money in raising vegetables. If he
could remove to the country, say within
an hour's ride, he could attend to his
city business without loss of time, and
by hiring a good gardener he could have
cheaper vegetables and fruits, and add
something to his income by sending the
surplus to market, Nothing looks more
feasible on paper ; nothing is more de-
lusive in practice. Every business, to
be successful, requires a
head, thoroughly acquainted with all its
details, and giving it his personal atten-
tion, There are many points in market-
gardening that can only be learned by
experience, and if a stranger to the
business undertakes it, he will pay dear-
ly for hiseducation., Some three hun-
dred dollars to the acre are needed as
capital to carry on the business to advant-
responsible
age. even when a man is practically ac-
quainted with it, and knows how and
where to invest every dollar. The ques-
tions to be solved are location in refer-
market : soil, what kind and
how much ; what crops to grow ; what
kinds of manure to apply to a given
crop, the quantity ; what
tools are wanted; what seed
plant ; what teams are needed, and
what labor to carry on the business suc-
The cul-
rods for
ence to
and
to
cessfully, and have no waste.
tivation of a few
family supply of small fruits and vege-
tables might prove profitable and healih-
ful. while market-gardening in the same
Market-
gardening i8 a remunerative business
square a
hands would prove disastrous.
when a man understands it, but it isfax
from being an easy road to wealth for
those who have all the details to learn.
. 8
American Agriculturist,
Hedge Fence.
It makes but little difference whether
you plant Osage orange or hawthorn for
fencing in your farm. Either
makes a good fence when properly
one
at-
tended to, and neither one makes a fence
at all when The
orange will make a fence in
than hawthorn, but it will cost more t
keep order,
neglected. Osage
less time
i
it in on account of its
its own course, as our worthy (or un-
worthy) trustees do the one growing on
the burial grounds of our country seat.
Said hedge is twenty-five or thirty feet
high, and where it is thin enough for a
cow to walk through they have put in
boards and nailed them to the stems of
the hedge. That kind of a fence 1
would call a nuisance. The nice thing
about a well-set hedge fence is, you
always have a surplus of materials, and
the brush or trimmings will always pay
to gather and burn them ; whereas, in
repairing a rail fence you must always
supply new rails in place of those that
have rotted out.
The hedge fence, if taken care of, is
an everlasting fence. I never knew
one to die that was taken care of, |
could show vou hedge fences more than
a hundred years old, and good fence
yetgoodd enough to turn of
horses. I would advise every farmer
that has a nice-laying farm to plant
hedge fence for road and line fences,
It don’t make any difference whether it
is hard froze, or wet from the last big
win, you can trim hedge fence all the
same ;: in fact, winter is the time to
shape up the hedge fence, With a good
hedge fence around your farm you can
rest contented till morning, without
being afraid the wind will blow down
the line fence and let vour neighbor's
stock in on your fields of grain. [ ad-
mit there are other kinds of fence that
ean be made quicker and cheaper than
hedge, but they will eventually rot out,
and then to replace makes them the
most costly of the two. Not so with
the hedge. It starts up every spring
and puts out its leaves, nud appears to
enjoy life with the fresh grass and
growing grain. As for the hedge dying
out on account of thin soil, it is out of
the question when sod is put under and
subsoil on top; the leaves from the
hedge will keep the soil rich enough, |
woitld rather attribute the cause of the
hedge dying to the surplus of stagnant
water poisoning the roots, — Towa Home
stead,
hogs
———
Farm Notes.
With slow-growing sorts like celery,
carrot, sage, asparagus, and even par-
snip and onion, mix one-eighth of quick-
growing sorts, like turnip and radish,
to mark the rows for an early weeding.
»
A writer in the Farmers’ Review
notes as a ‘‘singular fact’ that all the
persons injured or killed by ‘‘dangerous
bulls” in Illinois during the past five
years were attacked between the months
of August and January,
With very careful management and
attention to the health of the ewes,
coupled with personal attention at lamb-
ing time, one hundred lambs can be
raised to the one hundred ewes, The
ewe flock should be kept in good heart,
and fed enough.
A writer in the Home and Farm
used about a quart of sawdust in each
hill of one plot of potatoes and none in
another plot. The sawdust hills yielded
nearly twice as much as the others, and
the potatoes were larger and smoother,
D. K. Shauer, ina letter to the Iowa
Homestead, says that a simple, sure and
easily applied cure for lice on animals
is in give a few slices of onions in
their feed. They eat them readily, and
one or two feeds does the business ef-
fectually.
During his recent travels in Europe
Professor Budd, of the Iowa Agricul-
tural College, found a vast fruit region
in nothern Russia never before explored
where the mercury sinks to 50° below
zero, in which choice apples, pears,
plums and cherries were grown in un-
limited quantities,
he of
ing a few vines of the sweet potato to
It is worth t experiment train
clitnb on short poles, A recent writer
states that
worked
with a few rows so treated
with
They did not form side roots,
he them greater cone
venience,
and the yield was much larger than from
those grown in the usual way.
A correspondent of the Draort
Farmer has tried flat
and hill culture for cucumbers, squashes
When hot,
came the plants in the hills began to
writes that he
and melons, dry weather
dry up, while those on level ground grew
freely, He thinks
cidedly the best, unless on wet ground.
flat cultivation de-
of cucumber, melon and
squash. plants with plaster early in the
Dusting
morning, when the dew ison, has long
been practiced for checking the ravages
of the striped bug. A little Paris green
or London purple, however, either ap-
plied in water or mixed with the plaster,
is a much more effective application.
If yard
each way nearly 5000 can be grown on
cabbages are set out one
one acre, Such being the case, itis a
profitable crop when successfully grown,
as this vegetable not only sells well but,
on account of its keeping qualities, af-
fords, green food in winter for animals
and poultry, to say nothing of the fami-
ly.~ Farm asied (rarde ".
Wonder
result of a cross between the Cham-
It is
one of the earliest wrinkled peas in cul-
American
the
pion of England and Little Gem,
is a seedling pea,
tivation,of the finest quality and wonder-
fully productive. Its
feature, however, is its compact and
dwarf growth, seldom exepeding ten
inches in height,
great distinctive
In tramsplanting trees all the roots
which may have become bruised or bro-
ken in the process of lifting should be
cut Clean away behind the broken part,
as they then more readily strike out new
roots from the cut parts, In all such
cases the cut should be a clean sloping
one and made in an upward and out-
wand direction.
From six grade Jersey cows Mr. D.
B. Marden, of East Vassalboro Me,
made, from Jannary 1, 1882, to January
1. 1883 1318 pounds of butter, besides,
milk used in a family of four persons,
This butter was sold in Boston for
$478.04’ or nearly $80 to each cow, It
sold in summer for 34 cents per pound,
and in winter for 40 cents per pound,
he has ever used for the glass in greens
houses or hot-beds is naphtha
with a little white lead, so as to give it
the appearance of thin milk, This can
be put on the glass with a syringe,
25 cents per 1000 spuare feet. It holds
on the entire season until loosened hy
the fall frosts,
Some think very highly of the Shrop-
shire breed of sheep—good for the pro-
duetion of mutton and what is known
as elothing or delaine wool, This sheep
is possessed of strong constitutional vig-
or, produces a compact fleece, matures
early and has a beautiful form. It is
claimed that Shropshires do excellently
wellin Jarge flocks, and the ewes are
very prolific, producing, it is said, 40
percent. of twins, The ewes make good
mothers, giving plenty of milk, and are
careful.
A correspondent of the Kansax Farmer
says he has been experimenting with
sorghum as fodder for farm stock, and
finds one acre of it equal to an acre of
corn. His caltle eat it readily, consum-
ing stalk and all, and it makes them as
sleek and fat as corn-fed stock. He
plants in hills, about double the quan.
tity he would use if he were cultivating
for sirup, and when the seed is ripe cuts,
shocks and cures, same as cornfod-
mesma ame. cn onan os oe aH S————————— —
!
der, If cut before frost he says it |
will retain its sweetness all winter.
Professor I. B, Armmold says the |
points in favor of dairying are: First,
a dairy farm costs 10 per cent. less to
operate than grain growing or mixed
agriculture ; second, the annual returns |
average a little more than other bran-
ches ; third, prices are nearer uniform
and more reliable ; fourth, dairying ex-
hausts the soil less; fifth, it is more se~
cure against changes in the season, since
the dairyman does not suffer so much
from wet and frost and varying seasons,
and he can, if prudent, provide against
drought.
The report of the Ohio State Board
of Agriculture for August and Septem-
ber furnishes some figures respecting
dogs and their work which are most
striking. In 1881 Ohio contained 191,-
927 dogs, which killed 34,606 sheep and
wounded 31,422, of a total value of $172, -
511-—perhaps more money than all the
dogs in the State are worth, This re-
port is from the books of the county
auditors as returned by township as-
sessors, and is no doubt approximately
correct. Secretary Chamberlain well
says that this furnishes a problem for
legislators.
Complaint has often been made that
grapes grown in the vicinity of gas works
possess the disagreeable taste and odor
of gas-tar and it has been supposed the
fruit
from
this volatile substance
Recent
absorbed
the investigations
prove, however, that the odor and flavor
of the grapes are dne to the fact that
the sap of the vine absorbs them from
the soil,
alr.
If disagreeable odors may thus
find their way into the grapes, why, by
artificial may
grapes, and indeed other fruits, be pos-
a similax Process, not
sibly flavored to suit the taste, however
varied and wh msical,
Sham Butter and Cheese.
Can anyone tell what dairying is drift-
We hear of all
from lard
Simulatio
ng to? sorts of queer
monstrosities,
ton-butter. No nu
eats if he buys
spirit the age,
and skill is em)
clever
cheese (o oqgt-
An
of and no end o
Nove «1
imitation is
produce, and the publi
vour. The simplicity
out
world,
given 1 The
oleomargarine men have done a terrible
of offal is the
whom they delight to honor and exalt.
At all points they aim to circumvent
of the running, ns thing
The public must
them, asking no qu
lot mischief, and god
the dairymen and swindle the public,
The taste of the people is degraded by
i
the sham butter and cheese which seems
to be real. Men's stomachs nowndays
are sepulchers for strange abominations
which they ignorantly rather than inno-
This
leading them they know not whither,
It is
out of, but
cently swallow, sort of thing is
and posterity will pay the piper.
no longer that which cometh
that which goeth into the mouth that
defiles. Meats drinks of
kinds are not what they pretend to be,
and there great deal of *‘tricks
that are dark ”’ in what passes for dairy
goods,
Whose fault is this ?
part the dairymen’s, for they
spoiled good milk, They have given an
opening for the shoddy men of the dairy
who are growing rich out of offal. The
law complacently lets men sell what
they like, and the sham is, often enough,
better than the real one. Shoddy sells
well enough to be carefully made, and
so the makers of counterfeit butter and
cheese do flourish, Dairymen who make
and cheese no matter
how real the goods may be, are out of
the running entirely. If only the palate
and many
is a
Well, in a great
have
less dairvmen can hardly “make ends
But one thing is clear :
the nefarious
any and every
A weeding-outl process is go-
hold their own against
stuff that is made in
country.
ing on, and goods which are mere simu-
lations will take the place so long occu-
that was
If. then, the oleomargarine
business, the melted tallow and other
less creditable things, shall result in
bringing about a thorough reform in
after all to be grateful to men for
whom few of us entertain feelings that
approach to respect or affection. But
let the public have fair protection, let
them know what they buy: then the
dairvmen will win—if they want to;
and if they don’t the fault is their own,
ow -
The Age of the Hippopotamus
nine years in the gardens, Her mate
(Obaysch) died in 1877, after twenty-
seven years spent in captivity, As both
were young when brought to England,
and evidently died of old age, it is prof
bable that thirty years is the extreme
The Workshop.
By means of a recent invention bands
of steel, suitably tempered and hard
from one pulley to the other, the faces
of the pulleys being turned, for this
purpose, perfectly flat, and then faced
with a varnish of rosin, shellac and
asphalt,
A foreign manufacturer has figured
out, mathematically, that in windmills
the most serviceable wind is one that
blows at a velocity of some twenty-three
feet a second. The fans of the wind-
mill revolve, it is to be noted, with
nearly double the velocity of the wind.
The lowest number of days during any
year that the wind proved serviceable
was 180, and the greatest number 280,
In the production of French window
glass a mixture is used of 100 parts
quartz sand, with from thirty to forty
parts of dry carbonate of sodium , or as
much sulphate with charcoal, and thirty
to forty parts of chalk, German win-
dow glass consists of a double silicate of
chalk and potassa—100 parts of quartz
sand, fifty parts of pearlash, from twen-
ty-five to thirty parts of chalk and two
parts of nitre. In many mixtures com-
mon salt is an ingredient. One of the
first qualities of glass is composed of 100
parts quartz sand, fifty parts dry Glau-
ber’s salts, 174 to 20 parts of lime, and
four of charcoal.
Do not empty the boiler under steam
but it with the
then open the blow-out tap,
pressure, cool down
water in ;
and let the water pour out. To quicken
the cooling, the damper may be left
open and the steam blown off through
the safety valves. Do not, on any ac-
water of
cases emergency,
count, dash cold on any the
ut, in of
pour cold water in before the |
plates,
10t water
is let out, and mix the two together so
as to cool the boiler down gradually and
generally, and not suddenly and locally.
if off
pressure the plates and brickwork are
left hot. The
scale, and the hot brickwork hurts the
boiler. Cold
a boiler is blown under steam
hot plates harden the
dashed on to hot
water
plates will cause severe straining by
sometimes sufficient
to fracture the seams,
contraction,
Ocal
An English mechanic gives the follow-
for “Heat
1" 3 # 1 1
to a dull red heat, hold it in
[Lier
ing softening steel :
your
steel some
dark or shady nook or corner until you
can just see the least possible tinge of
redness, then cool immediately in water
at the ordinary temperature, and you
will be able to file or turn it with
very
little difficulty. I have tried this on steel
inch
in diameter with success ; beyond that 1
from the smallest sizes up to one
have not gone, I do not claim that this
way is better than, or as good as, some
that have been given for annealing steel ;
but there are times when the delay of
the ordinary process is extremely incon-
venient, in the taming
of a particulas reanneal-
steel when the is taken off,
and then this ANSWers
mirably.”’
Aas
filing of
tools shape,
skin
mode
ing
ete. ad-
articles of hardware, such
as screw eyes, hinges, handles, etc., are
polished by tumbling in revolving
barrel. The tumbler is charged about
half full with the goods, mixed with a
material selected according to experi-
ence as best suited to do the work.
Small scraps of iron, sand and gravel
with the attrition of the metal take
away the roughness and put a moder-
ately smooth surface to the work. Then
charge the work into a tumbler partly
filled with leather scrap or skivings cut
fine, mixed with any fine
polishing powder ; after which it can be
cleaned and brightened by an additional
fumbling in sawdust and lime. The
above is 8 general feature of this kind
of work. Almost every manufacturer
has some peculiar system of manage-
ment suited to the special kind of work
made, Some use oil or water, then boil
the work in lime water, and again tum-
ble in sawdust to dry and brighten.
The black oxide of iron (anvil scales)
is much used were it can be had. A
little plumbago is sometimes thrown
into the tumbler to give the work a
shining black surface. A strong barrel
or keg on trunnions with a small door
for charging is the most suitable small
light work.
Common
A
Crocus or
-
Simple Remedies.
The best remedy for sprained ankles
or wrist, until medical aid arrives, is to
bathe the afflicted member in armica,
and if it is not near at hand cold water is
the next best thing,
Half a teaspoonful of common table
salt dissolved in a little cold water, and
drank, will instantly relieve heart-burn
or dyspepsia. If taken every morning
before breakfast, increasing the quantity
gradually to a teaspoonful of salt and a
tumbler of water, it will in a few days
eure any ordinary ense of dyspepsia, if,
at the same time, due attention is paid
to the diet. There sno better remsdy
than the above for constipation. Asa
gargle for sore throat it is equal to
chlorate of potash aud is entirely safe,
have a beneficial effect on the throat by
cleansing it and by allaying the irrita-
tion. In doses of one tofour teaspoon-
fuls in half a pint to a pint of tepid
water it acts promptly as an emetic;
and incases of poisoning is always at
hand, Itis an excellent remedy for
bites and stings of insects, It is a
valuable astringent in hemorrhages,
particularly for bleeding after the ex-
traction of teeth. It has both cleans-
ing and healing properties, and is there-
fore a most excellent application for
superficial ulcerations,
Mustard is another valuable remedy,
No family should be without it. Two
or three teaspoonfuls of ground mustard
stirred into half a pint of water acts as
an emetic very promptly, and is milder
and easier to take than salt and water.
Equal parts of ground mustard and
flour or meal, made into a paste with
warm water, and spread on a thin piece
of muslin, with another piece of muslin
laid over it, forms the often indispensa-
ble * mustard plaster.”” It is almost a
specific for colic, when applied for a few
moinents over the ** pit of the stomach.’
For all internal
there
utility,
and
no remedy of
pains congestions
is such general
It acts as a counter-irritant by
drawing the surface :
1.1
Blood to the
hence, in severe cases of croup a small
mustard plaster should be applied to the
back of the
treatment will
child’s neck. The same
relieve almost any case
A mustard plaster should
be moved about ever the spot to be acted
of headache,
upon, for if left too long in one place it
blister. A
well when
is liable to mustard plaste:
acts as at considerable dis-
i 1 abl i
tance from the affected part. An excel-
lent substitute for mustard plaster is
what i known as “* Mustard leaves ™
Theyeome a dozen in a box, and are
they
long
10
about four or five inches in six
are perfectly dry and will
Foi
na dish
keep a
time, use, it 18 only necessary
dip one of water for a moment
i a &
and then apply it.
Common baking soda is the best of all
burns,
irface of the
When
relief
remedies in cases of secalds and
It may be used on the m
burned place, either dry or
wet,
applied promptly, the sense of is
It the
heat and with it the pain, and the heal-
It is the
best application for eruptions caused by
magical. seems to ithdraw
Ng Process Soon commences,
poisonous and other poisonous
plants, as al=o for bites and stings of in-
Hall's Journal of Health.
ivy
SOCLE, wo
Leached and Unleached Ashes.
The question isoften asked : What is
the leached with
unleached The answers have
widely different. While some
claimed that a bushel of leached
44
comparative value of
ashes 7
been
have
h as a bushel of
others them
than as much.
Why this difference * Do not enltiva-
alike, or is there a great
difference in ashes ? While, doubt.
cultivators are careless in their observa-
and there every reason
believe that there is a difference in the
qualities of ashes, there are other, quite
why there is a
the
ashes 8 won as mu
unleached, do not value
worth more one-third
{ers Olas Ive
no
tions,
18 to
as important
great difference of opinion
comparative value of leached ashes,
The first is because there are other
elements of value in the ashes besides
potash, one of them phosphoric acid
therefore, if leached ashes be applied to
land already rich in potash amd deficient
in phosphates, it will be seen at once
T'ERSONS,
as 1
that the results would bemore favorable
than if applied to land rich in phos-
phates and deficient in potash. While
if the unleached be applied to the first,
and leached to the result
would be very unfavorable to the leached
ashes, There of this
great difference of opinion. which
frequent misunderstanding in regard to
the measurement. While party
understands a bushel of leached ashes
to simply mean a bushed measured after
leached, another party means a bushel
measured before it leached ; as it
requiries three bushels of unleached
ashes to make one of leached, it will be
seen at onee that such misunderstanding
must a difference of
opinion as to the value, so long as farms
differ as to the amount different
fertilizers the soil contains
Each farmer, by his own observation
and experiment, must decide what his
own soil is deficient in, and in what it
has a surplus. © The best way to do this
is to apply different fertilizers and note
the results; by applying a bushel of
leached ashes by the side of a bushel of
unlesched, If he finds that the un-
leached does the best it is an indication
that his land is deficient in potash, but
if the leached does the best it is an evi
dence that the potash Is not as deficient
as the phosphates. — Massooh neetis
Plowphsman,
Inst. the
is another cause
is a
one
is
lead to great
of
i HA O53
The salts of nickel awe claimed to be
excellent and powerful disinfectants,
Dr, Hugo Schultz, whe has studied
their wetion, uses the chloride, and
finds that even one-tenth of 1 per cent,
solutions will kill bacteria termo, :