BoE loving ghtingni
o n o-
Sang on their thorns all night,
Sang till the blood they shed
Had dyed the roses red.
Why are white roses white?
rOBes once were red.
Because the sorrowing nightingales
Wapt when the night was fled,
Fropt till their tears of light
washed the roses white.
Why are the roses sweet ?
For once they had no scent.
Beoruse one day the queen of love.
Who to Adonis went,
Brushed them with heavenly joet-
That made the roses sweet!
--R. H. Stoddard.
Example,
Wo soattor seeds with careless ha nd,
Awl dream we ne'er shall see them more;
But for a thousand years
Their fruit appears,
In woods that mar the land,
Or healthiul store,
The deeds we do, the words we say
Into still air they seem to fleet,
We count thew ever past;
But they shall last
In the dread judgment they
Aud we shall meet!
! charge thee | y the years gone by
For the love's sake of brethren dear.
Keep thon the one true WAY,
In work and play,
«+088 10 that wor ld their ory
Of woo thon near. John Keble
hi i ee
The Stolen Love-Letters.
In the uncertain flickering firelight
pretty Maggie Leslie sat pulling a rose
to pieces. Her sister Kate watched her
a few moments impatiently, and then
said: “Wuat are you doing, Maggie ?
Tired of your new iover, eh ?" :
“What nonsense! Iam not tired of
m
0d one,
*Very likely. When a girl has dis-
carded a country clergyman with £300
a yvesr for a baronet with £30,000, it is
ilkely she will be angry at the poor
iover troubiing her memory.”
* Ishould dismiss the country clergy
mun very soon from my memory, if he
permitted me,
Fleming would have been so mean ;"'
nnd Maggie threw the poor tattered
vemuant of a rese
from her.
‘1 do not believe Cousin Archie
Flemuing could do x mean thing, Mag-
gie. You must be mistaken.” :
“1 wish I was. Come closer, Kate.
and I will tell you all about it:" and
the two young girls seated themselves
on 8 low ottoman in a confidential atti-
tude.
** Now Maggie, when and what
“The ‘when’ was two evenings ago.
Sir John and [ were coming across the ix
moor, just as happy as—as anything,
and [ thought Archie was in London,
when we met him suddenly as we
turned into the Hawthorn path. And
what do you think ? They rushed into
each other'sarms like—like two French-
men.
other. It was ‘John’ and ‘Archie,’ and
band-shaking, and ‘How are you old
fellow ?' and that kind of thing. until
I was quite disgusted. Men going on
in that way are so ridiculous!
*By-and-bye Sir John remembered me.
and ‘supposed Archie knew his fair
arishioner Miss Leslie,’ and Archie i
owed in the most distant manner, and
said he bad the honor of being my poor
cousin. Men never keep anything, and
belore we had walked a quarter of a
mile Sir John had contrived to let
Archie know how matters stood be-
tween us.”
“That was not very pleasant, but ol
course you were off with the old love
before you were on with the new." (
* Not exactly. I had stopped writing | ,
to Archie, and if he had an ounce o!
sense Le might have guessed the rea-
son.”
Kate shook her head aud
grave,
“Now, Kate, don’t be aggravating
The case is just this. Sir John and
Archie, it seems, are old school friends,
and Archie has all sorts of romantic no-
tions about fid lity to his friend, and | |
threatens to tell Sir John how badly 1
Lave treated him.”
* Then you have seen Archie?”
“Yes; I sent Davie Baird to tell
him to meet me in the conservatory last
pight.”
** How imprudent!”
“1 had to do it. I wanted to coax
Archie to let me off easily, and give me
back all my letters. I must have the
otters, Kitty. 1 really must.”
“Walls?
¥
L
L
L
i
t
L
i
§
i
looked
t
t
y
»
** Well Le said some very disagreeable
things—truihs he called them—and
cried, and looked just as pretty as I
eouid. He insisted I was in love with |
Sir Jobin'stitle and money, and not with |
himseif; and when I said that was not |
true, snd that I loved Sir John very
dearly, he got quite in a temper. It is |
my belief Ho would r:ther J mar-
ried for money than love if I don’t marry |
him. That's the selfishness of men. |
Kitty. I wouldn't be as mean for any-
thing. And oh, Kitty, he would not
give me back my letters, and I must |
have them.”
**1 should not worry about a few
love. letters.” {
** Kitty, you don’t know all, or you |
would not say that.” :
“Tell me all, then.”
**1 have sent Sir John just--the—same |
—IJetters, word for word. You know I i
never was good at composition, and |
when Clara Joyce was here, I got her
to write me some beautiful love-letters, |
She liked doing it, and I thought I|
might need them. I copied them for
Archie, and they were so clever I copied
them also for Sir John. Now, Kitty, if
Arcliie should show those letters, as he
said he would, how both of them would
laugh at me! I could not bear it.”
ate looked very much troubled.
“Indeed, Maggie, you are right,” she
answered. “ You must have your let-
ters; and if Archie will not give you
them, they must be stolen from him:
that is all about it. 1t would never do
to let him hold such a power over your |
poor little head, and it would be worse |
after you were married than before it.
You are sure that he will not give them
%
* He said he never would give them
to me.
““ Perhaps be has burned them.” {
** Ob. no, he could never bear to do |
that. Why, he idolizes them, Kitty.
Just before he went ‘away he told
me ihiat they were laid in rose leaves in
the drawers of his Indian cabinet.”
“Very good. Grandfather sent that |
cabinet to the parsonage. 1 dare say it |
is exactly like the one in his room.
If |
£0, it is likely grandfather's key will
open the minister's.”
“Oh, Kate, you durst not do such a
thing!”
“1 dare, under the circumstances. Of
two evils one should choose the least.
Anything, almost, is better than giving
a rejected lover such a power over you.
It would be different if it was me.
would defy him, and take the telling in
my own hands.”
“1 could not do that.
tease me to death first »
“1 know, you dear, foolish little
woman. But you shall have your let-
ters, Maggie, so go to bed, and sleep
soundly on my promise.”
** When?”
‘‘ Perhaps to-morrow. Archie dines
with the bishop to-morrow. 1 shall
find no better opportunity, I think.”
The next morning proved to be one
of those drenching days quite chara~ter-
istic of an English November. Still,
about three o'clock, Miss Leslie insisted
on riding to the village. Her grand-
fither made some opposition, but soon
gave in to ‘‘ Kate's set ways,” and her
decided declaration * that she would be
ill without her gallop.”
Arrived at the village she stopped at
the parsonage door, and nodding pleas-
antly to the housekeeper who opened
it, she said she was very wet, and
would like to see her cousin, and dry
her habit.
The parson was gone to the bishop's,
but if Miss Leslie would come in there
was a fire in his parlor, and she could
warm her feet and have a warm cup of
tea; and Miss Leslie, after a little
affected hesitation, and a little more
pressing, consented to do so.
She peoimhug Martha to remove he
Archie might
J
/
VOLUME XIII.
PA.
10,
1880,
NUMBER 23.
I must go, or else I shall not reach
home before dark."
As soon as the door was shut she
glanced round the room. Itwasa Cony
piace, full of bachelor comforts, and
pleasantly littered with books and
papers, The Indian cabinet stood in
She quit tiy se.eoted her grandfather's
key, and tried the lock. It opened at
once, and with an ease that showed it
was in constant use, and the first thing
that greeted her was the faint scent of
POSE [eaves
But the letters were not in the
drawers, and she was on the point of
closing the cabinet in despair, when she
remembered that her grandfather's had
t+ secret door that slipped away, and
hid a closet between the drawers. It
was likely Archie's had the same.
i
i
at once to her touch, and there lay the
letters, all tied together in one little
bundle. There was not more than half
a dozen, and Kate, with a smile of re-
lief and satisfaction, put them in her
pocket, and relocked the cabinet
She had scarcely done so when she
some one open the front door
<3 Key, and come straight up
In a moment she had d: cided
at it was not Archie's footstep, and
it must be one his intimate
In a moment, also, she had
ecided that if she did not know him,
Whoever it
hi ard
with a pa
the BLEEDS,
th
that it of
riends.
3
ior; he went into an adjoining room,
ame lounging in, with slippers on his
set and a cigar in his mouth
Kate had just finished arranging her
and gloves, and was going quietly
wit of one door when he entered by the
ther. For a moment they =i00Y and
Do
“I think he will be here immediately,”
nswered the new-comer, whose first |
nstinct was to say the thing most likely
o detain so beautiful a girl. “I am |
“By no means, sir. 1 shall not re-
nain lenger, expected my brother
I left Mr. Fleming at the bishop's,
three other clergymen. Your
“Oh, my brother: clergyman"
»f Archie's who lived at least ten miles
away, she said: “1 am Miss Crowther,
The young gentleman looked at Kate
n utter amazement. In fact, he was
Who was this beautiful girl
:laiming so pleasant a kinship with
iim?
But almost with the announcement
He watched her
worse brought round, and saw her
nount and ride away, and then sat
town to smoke in a whirl of curiosity
ind excitement. ** What a bright face!
t
s figure! I wish to everything I had a
1
The next
I, and pulled
who she is!
noment he had rung the be
he bell-rope down.
** Lawks, Mr. Henry,
i
I knew that
we you wanting, sir?”
** I want to know, Martha, who that
youne lady is that left the house twenty
i
* Well may you ask, sir, which to do
That is Miss
a very beautiful young :ady, =ir, and a
good one, and proud her grandfather
**That is all, Martha.”
‘Very well, sir.”
When Archie returned Le found
Crowther pacing the room in
impatience. ‘‘ How long
lie exclaimed; *‘and
wre has been the most beautiful girl
waiting for you; and, by everything!
* What do you mean, Harry?”
“ Just what I say ”
“Oh, this is too bad! I must ask
She ought not to
permit strangers to come into my
“Stop, ArcLie; 1have asked Martha.
fer name was Miss Kate Leslie.”
** Miy cousin Kate, Now what could
have brought her here this wet day?”
He thought immediately of his inter-
he said, mentally, “1 must not punish
her any longer. I will take her her
So the next afternoon he put on his
at and coat, and went to the cabinet
or them. Of course they were not
For one moment he was con-
He was very angry with
He knew at once it
was altogether her doing.
had ever dared to try, she would have
It was with a very stern face that he
ting, and he would not see the hand
When they were
alone, she asked atonce: “Why won't
you shake hands, Archie?”
“How can you expect no
.
4
¢, Kate, to
* ‘That robbed me.” Say it if you
wish.” : :
“I was going to say it. Whydid you
itm
“Becanse you were torturing little
Maggie, and 1 will not have her worried
about au few letters. They were hers,
not yours."
“ [ think they were mine.”
““ That shows a man’s honesty in love
matters.
under a supposition that you were to
You were found incompetent for that
position, and the favors relating to it
ought to have been returned. A dis-
missed ambassador might just as well
keep the insigia of his office.”
** Sit down, Kate, and don’t put your-
elf in a passion. Have I ever done an
since we were children together?”
“ No, Archie, you have not.”
“Do you really think I would?”
“You said you would tell Sir John
things about Maggie, and that would
be unkind. Maggie loves Sir Jobn
very much.”
“I would never hurt Maggie. As
your pastor, and as your cousin, let me
say 1 think you have behaved in a very
improper manner.”
“Archie!”
“ Very improper indeed. You ought
to have come to me. I would have
given you the poor dear little letters;
and as for telling Sir John anything t
open his eyes, 1 like him far too weil.
The only way to be happy in love is to
be blind.”
‘You think that is very satirical, I
dare say.”
‘“No, I do net,
ought to make me one.”
Kate sat, with burning cheeks, tap-
ping the floor with her foo , and Archie
stood calmly watching her. At last
she said, “You are right, Archie.”
Then, putting her hand in
pocket: ‘‘Here are the letters.
what you likewith them. I trust you.”
He took them tenderly, and throwin
them into the fire, mournfully watche
hat an ing Ler some tea. “I shall
a half an our, , and if
them turn to gray ashes. Kate's eyes
were full of Tia tears,
o she said, “forgive me, 1
acted very impulsively and very im.
prudently. | am ashamed of myself
There is something else 1 must tel] you
about this miserable affair. 1 saw a
gent eman in vour parior, and | gave
myseil a false name to him."
"Oh, Kate, see how one fault leads to
another, If you had been doing right
you would not have been ashamed to
confess that you were hate Leslie, Do
you know the Iady whose name you
borrowed pn
“No, | know nothing about such a
person.”
“Then I will go with you, and you
must make an upology to the family."
** Must I do this?
* You must. Itisthe
do »n
* Archie,”
least you oan
$d BH
be.
Very well, Archie, I will doi
But this part of her punishment was
long delayed, The next morning Kate
was very iil, and a severe attack of
rheumatic fever confined her for weeks
to her room. Then the fatigue and
excitement consequent on Maggie's
marriage threw her back into the inertia
of invalidism, and the adventure was
almost forgotten in its painful results.
As he warm weather came on she
improved, and began to go into society
again, One day there was to be a lawn
party at the bishop's, and she promised
to meet Archie there. She was sitting
resting under a great oak, when she
saw him coming toward her. A gentle.
man was with him, whom she recog.
nized at a glance; she had introduced
herself once to him as Miss Crowther
What was Archie going to do to her?
She felt almost like crying; buishe stood
bravely up as they advanced, andl in
her white musiin dress, with roses st
her waist and throat, she made a very
lovely picture.
“* Good-afternoon, Cousin Kate.”
“Cousin Archie, good-alternoon.”
* Kate, this is my friend, Mr. Henry
Crowther.”
She blushed violently, but she did not
2 i have met
Mr. Crowther before, once, when I was
on a little private masquerade, and as.
sumed the character or his sister. 1
hope I am forgiven.”
* If I had a sister, she would have been
honored by the assumption. Since tue |
momentary favor I have never ceased to
regret my want.”
They sat | under the pleasant
shade, and in the evening rode slowly
liome together under the July moon.
Before they parted both had acknowl-
edged to their hearts an interest that
might be a dearer tie than even that of
brother and sister.
For a few weeks Harry Crowther was
constantly coming with Archie to call
on the Leslies, either for one prefext or
another. Than he began to come by
himseif, and to come without any pre.
text at all. It had been long evident to
Archie that Harry and Kate loved each
other very dearly, and at last even the
long
th
dim eyes of her grandfather began to
perceive how matters stood
* Kitty,” |] said, one
ie {
waiting
La
ht, after
good-
nig
patiently through a
night” that lasted an hour and a half
** Kitty, why does Harry Crowther come
here so often?
‘* Because we do not helieve in writ-
grandfather. Love-letters
nearly cost me my life;” and leaning
fondly on her grandfather's neck, Kitty
told him the fauit of which she had
been guilty, and the pain and shame it
had caused her.
** Never pays, Kitty, to do evil that
good may come; the price is too high.”
* You forgive me, grandfather?”
“Yes, Kitty, with all my heart.”
“Harry has forgiven me too. You
see, after taking his name in jest, itis
right I make the amend honorable by
taking it in earnest. So, grandfather,
if you will let me, I am going to be
Mrs. Crowther instead ot Miss Crow-
ther. May Harry ask you to-morrow
**Yes, he may ask me. He has asked
you. I suppose?”
*Oh, yes,"
“And we are to have a wedding, and
no love-letters. I never heard of such
a thing.”
“*A wedding,
ng, anee
and no love-letters,
grandfather. Love-letters are slow and
old-iashioned, and very dangerous. We
have adopted visits and telegraphs in
their place.”
The Calture of the Rose,
Every rose will net come from the
slip. Of the three great divisions into
which the rose family is separated, viz.,
the damask, the noisette and the tea, the
ast two may be propagated with more
or less readiness from the slip, or by
budding; the first only by dividing the
roots, and planting the seed, which lat-
ter method is resorted to, however, only
when it is desired to obtain new varie-
ties,
The best season for taking rose slips
is in June, just after the profuse bloom
of early summer is over, although a per-
son who knows exactly how to cut a
slip may find good cuttings throughout
the warm months. Judgment and dis-
cernment are needed for the selection at
all seasons. I know a generous lady
who sent her friends immense armfuls
of boughs, with hardly a real cutting
upon them.
One should choose from a good vigor-
ous branch of last year's growth a fresh
shoot, containing two or three buds,
less swollen at the base of the leaf stems.
It should be cut from the parent branch
diagonally, with a smooth, clean cut
that will bring off a little of the old bark
as well, in order to make the condition
as favorable as possible for the formation
of roots.
Have ready a box or pot of rich mold.
With a round, pointed stick, make a
hole several inches deep, and fill it up
with clean sand; insert the end of the
slip in this sand to the depth ot one or
two inches: be sure to make it firm in
the scil, and the sand acting as a perco-
lator for moisture, you may keep yom
slip well watered, = ean soon see, by
the swelling of the buds and the drop -
ping off of the old leaves, whether the
slip is indeed taking root, but do not at-
tempt Lo remove it to the place where
you would wish it permanently to re-
main, until it bas put out several sets of
new leaves.
An ingenious way to raise a set of slips
has been recommended by Mrs. Loudon,
which we have tried with unvarying
It is to take an earthenware
flower pot, galion-size, ana fill it more
bles, bits of slate or such things; now
fuse materials, another gimilar flower
ottom stopped up tightly with a cork
~Jet its mouth be even with that of the
large, outer one—fill up the interstices
with silver sand or other pure sand,
| and set in a row of slips all around, cut
according to the directions given above,
Keep the inner pot full of water all the
| time, but donot water theslips directly.
| In about six weeks your slips will have
fine roots, and can be potted. A hand-
glass always hastens the process of root-
ing, and enables you to take advantage
| of the sunshine, but if you are not pro-
vided with one, be careful to keep your
plants in the shade until they show cer-
tain signs of independence of life,
Roses need very rich soil to bring
them to perfection, thriving best in a
mixture of well rotted manure, sand and
! garden loam. and to stint them ot nour-
{ishment is indeed poor economy,—
Servbner.
EE ———
There is probably nothing so exhilar-
‘ating in the experience of the amateur
arises to implant a fervent kiss between
| hie eyes.— Boston Transcript.
! the certificates of
| practice of medicine,
A TERRIBLE EXPERIMENT,
Hestoving Natural Respiration and
Muscular Ag ftlon, bat Falling to Meo
Produce Beating of the Heart.
i
TIMELY TOPICS,
The Maine experiment of offering re.
is to be imitated in Vermont.
“THE PASSION PLAY
Unique Feorformance Which Teok
Flace at Ober«Ammengan in Bavaria,
The New York Herald hasthe loll ow
£ interesting nceount of the * Passion
minutes after his fall through the gal
0ws trap. Not even a faint fluttering
could be dete oted, such as is very often
Kept up long after pulsation is ne longer
discernible at the wrists,
i
treatment.
clared Edwin Hoyt's heart stilled for.
The Sedentific American thinks |
the practice is a good one, and might be |
wisely adopted with benefit to our |
agricultural interests as well as to the |
DOVE,
One of the oldest and best advertisers
the country gives three oardinal
by: First, if one has a good thing,
widely he makes it known the larger
t
+
he law that Hoyt should be * hanged
by the neck until he was «
1
sibility of recall to life by certain scien.
tific experiments which were contem-
piatel, As quickly as possible alter
the eorpse was cut down it was carried
through the prison to the hospital de- |
partm nt ot the jail, which is in the
second story, and was there placed upon
a table where preparations liad all been
made for the purposed experiments.
The first proceading in order was a
general examination by the physic ans |
present to ascertain whether Hovt's
neck had by en dislocated or fractured. {
They finally arrived at the conciusion
that it had been dislocated, but not |
broken. This was based on the impos- |
sibility of detecting any ore pitus, or
grating of broken bone surfaces. A |
BINge cell Kidder electio-galvanic hat.
tery, capable of giving a very powerful
current, was next brought into requisi-
ton, Its first application was to the |
phrenic nerve—that which goveres the
muscles of respiration. An incision was |
made above ti avicie; one
tiie ¢i giectrode |
1
i
tole the course of the phrenie
the other wns pind od over
By then alternately |
th intter elee-
, over
nerve, and
the diaphragm.
applying and removing the
trode, the muscles were so affected as to |
simulate perfectly the motion of respi. |
ration. In fact, real respiration was |
performed, the lungs alternately inhab |
ng and exhaling air, with « slow regu. |
iar motion, so strong that breath was |
feit coming from the mouth |
and nose, I'L now seemed to |
be simply a pecson sleeping, except that |
the breathing was not so heavy as that |
of a living person would be. When the |
success of this experiment had been |
fully demonstrated, the action of the |
battery was otherwise employed. The |
muscies of the forearms, upper arms,
and shoulders were caused by the elec.
current to contract with a great
deal of force, cansing the arms to double :
up and strike out in the directions of |
natural {mpulsion in 8 very lifelike |
manner. But these simulations of lite
by the corpse—breathing, striking and
waving its arms about—were less start.
ling than the next effects produced,
which were upon the muscies of the
face. As the electrodes were applied to
exposed nerves governing different sets
of muscies the dead man opened his eyes
with a ghastly stare, closed thew again,
rolled the eyeba in their sockets,
moved his eyebrows up with an aston.
ished stare, and frowned savagely.
I'hen they changed the currents so as to
excite the muscles of his meuth and
nose, causing him to twist his nostrils
as with a scornful sneer, compress them,
opfn his jaws and shut them with a
vicious snap, and work his mouth us if
he were trying talk. Openings
were made in the chest and the electrio
current was applied to the heart, but
without effect. That great muscle had
working forever, and not the
answering throb could be
awakened, In ali other respectsthe ex-
periments were regarded by the physi.
cians as successful, but here was the
limit beyond which they might not go
in making death bureiesque life.
“Could we have made the heart move,’
said one of the physicians, afterward,
‘we would have had some hope of be-
ing able to resuscitate the man, for then
not know that his neck was
‘Would he have had to be
hanged again if we had succeeded in do-
ing s0? Well, we did not think about
that, We were at the very portals of
the great mystery of life and death,
seemingly. We had induced natural
respiration. If we could have made
the heart neat, with the lungs doing
their duty and that great force prmp
sending the life current through t 1¢ ar-
ries. it would have been actually rais-
ing the dead to lite. But that was no
to be.”
aistinetiy
COTPse
Irie
Wri
.]
10
ceased
jor yt *
SUE OES
An Island Prison,
One of the first problems forced upon
the attention of General Melikofl was
the providing of fresh faci.ities for con.
fining the czar's disaffected subjects.
several years past the prisons of
Euvopean Russia hay been crowded to
overflowing, and the same thing is true
of Siberia. It appears that the practi-
cal mind of the new ruler has already
hit upon a satisfactory solution of this
probiem. He is going to make the pris-
oners house themselves and feed them-
selves. They are to till thesoil, to raise
cattle, and to become a profit to the
state irstead of a burden; and they
are to do all this on the island of
Saghalien.
For ten years the government had
been unsuccessfully trying to colonize
this island. The gieat difficulty has
been to get the prisoners there and to
supply them with food and clothing
after they got there. Last summer the
experiment was tried for the first time
of transporting them by sea in convict
ships, and the authorities were so well
pleased with the result that the work of
colonization is henceforth to be steadily
pushed.
At present there are on this island a
little more than two thousand pris-
oners, all condemned to hard labor for
long terms. Six hundred of them are
employed in the coal mines nt the post
of Dua, and the rest are making roads
and otherwise preparing for the arrival
of the newcomers, Besides the post of
Dua there are three more to be estab.
lished-——one in the valley of the Alex-
androvsk, one in that of the Tymovsk
and the Korsakofl post. This will give
three posts in the central part of the
island and one at its southern end. The
large farms are to be established at the
posts of Alexandrovsk and Tymovsk.
it is said that the government has al-
ready appropriated the money necessary
for carrying out these plans.
Saghalien is to have an administra.
tion of its own. Besides several com-
panies of soldiers, who will perform
guard duty, there will be a surveyor, an
agriculturist and an architect to direct
and supervise the prisoners at their work.
Two surgeons are already on the island.
{ This new scheme of colonization is not
popular. The Nihilists don't like it;
or, once transported to that distant
island, they will be practically cut off
from the people among whom they de-
sire to propagate their doctrines. The
peasants, who have become accustomed
to the terrors of Siberia, are awe- struck
at the thought of a long voyage in the
dreadful floating prison. over unknown
seas, to a rocky island that is further
than even far-off Siberia, and that lies
by the side of heathen Japan. Due
10
frequent than those in Siberia. It is
known ilut a large number of those
| transported to Saghalien last summer
It is illegal in England to sell crabs
he advertises with good judgment.
brisk and extended business in these |
Third, It costs money at
the outset to advertise, ana one must
tie or nothing. Bat if properly done it
-— .
One of the most notable among recent
ready being constructed over the Mount
range of hills, South Australia.
ill be
expended on the thirty-three miles be.
Within a
the cost of the land was very slight:
in some portions the expenditures will
iarge extent of tunneling to be done and
be formed. The summit of
range, will be loeated. The ruling
Aldgate point will be by a similar gradi.
The far West seems already tolerahly
well supplied with means of livelihood
for the scores of millions that will soon
dwell there, but a new one has recently
emy of Scien te. The gum which exudes
from the creosote plant is known ‘o
commerce as shellac, from which are
made sealing-wax, varnish and the
scarlet lnc used for dyeing the
dve
British red military coats. The plant is |
Utall’ to New Mexico, and from the
lo desert wo Western Texas, but
Caleutta exports $5,000.
worth of shellac a year, which
brings from twenty-five to thirty-five
cents a pound, and almost as much of
ine dye, selling still higher. The United |
States have imported in some vears |
700,000 pounds of shellac alone. Yet it
is all over the West, and can be so easily
collected that boys could carry on the
business of gathering it. Probably this |
product will now receive attention in |
commerce.
The steady decrease in the population |
of France, as indicated by the gradual
fal'ing off in the birth rate, is again at.
tracting considerable attention in that
country. In IS78 the number of births
was below the average of the four
previous years. In i881 the average
was 2.00 per cent. ; in 1868 it had suuk |
to 2.63, and since then a further decline |
took piace, until in 1878 it had falien to
2.53. The birth rate of France is, in-
deed, much ‘ower than in any other |
European country. The highest rate is |
that of the German empire, where, ac. |
cording to the latest returns, it was 4.03
per cent. In Russia the rate is 3.98, and |
in Austria 3.91 per cert, while in Eng-
land in 1877 it was 3.62 per cent. The |
causes assigned for the low rate in!
France are ‘he fewer number of mar. |
riages and the great declinein the pum-
ber of children resulting from these |
marriages. The proportion of children |
to each marriage is dwindling more and |
more each year throughout France, |
with the exception of Brittany and
some of the departments in the center |
and south, where the agricultural popu-
lation is under the system of co-opera- |
tive farming. Among the petty trades. |
men and the well-to-do peasants there |
is seldom more than one child per mar- |
riage; and in some parts of the country |
the average is even less than this. Io |
a certain extent the decrease in popu. |
lation is kept in check by the decrease |
in the mortality. |
{
i
The ** Roll Bengol Tagger."
These are jittle Johnny's observa-
tions on the ** Roil Bengol Tagger, as
communicated to the San Fraccisco |
Argonaul: One time there was a man |
who had a tagger, and the tagger it was |
a sho, and the man he tuke the money |
for to getin, The man he had a big |
paper nailed onto the tagger's den, and |
the paper it said, the paper did: * The |
Roil Bengol Tagger, sometimes cald |
the Monerk of the Jungie. Hands of. |
No Techin the Tagger!” The monerk
of the jungle it was always a layin’
down with its nose tween its poz, and
the folkes wich had paid for to get in
thay was mad cos it waudent wock and
rore like dissent thunder. But the
sho man he said: ** That's ol rite when
I gitthe new cage done, but this is
the sume cage which the offle feller
broke out ot in Oregon, time he ot up
the seventeen men and their families.”
Then the folks they would ol stand
back and tock in whispers while the
tagger slep. But one day a feller wich
was drunk he take to punchin the tag-
ger with the masthead of his umberi-
ler, wich stampeeded the oddience
wild, and the wimmen folks thay stud
onto chairs and hollered like it was a
mouse, but the drunk chap he kep a
jobbin the monerk of the jungle crewel.
Pretty sune the monnerk it bellered
offie and riggled, but the feller kep a
pokin like Le was a fireman to a steam
engin. Bimeby the monnerk it jumped
onto its Line feets and shucked itself
out of its skin and rolled up its sleefs
and spitonto its hands and spoke up
and sed: * Blame if I can’t jest whoi-
lip the stuflin’ out o' the garioot wich
has ben a proddin this ere tagger!”
And the oddience thay was astonish!
EE ———
A Telephone Joke.
A manufacturing firm down on the
flats the other day wanted to get a
quantity of stock from a concern in
another part of the city. The telephone
wns called into requisition and the price
of the desired material inquired. It was
given, but the would-be purchaser
thought it was too high. He was then
requested to wait while a consultation
wns held at the end of the line to see
what they could do for him. He did
wait, but kept the phone to his ear, and
through the accommodating Blake
transmitter heard everything that trans-
pired in the office at the other end. He
heard one member of the firm say to the
other finally that a certain figure would
be charged, lower than the first, but
still some twenty per cent. above the
cost. Word was then sent him direct
that he could have the stock he wanted
at cost price, seeing as it was him. He
answered back that that was too thin,
for he had heard every word that had
passed. That Blake transmitter has
since been removed, and when the firm
desire to hold a private conference the
go down cellar and whisper to enc
other. The telephone is a marvelou
invention.— Cleveland Leader.
¥
From repeated observations upon hu-
man skulls, Dr. Pebon, of Paris, infers
that intelligence is usually in direc
| ing them have lately been punished.
;
proportion to the size of the eranium.
time in ten years in a Bavarian village
before assembled thousands, many of
them strangers from all parts of the
world: To-day, in a remote village of
the Bavarian Highlands, within a rude
theater, the most part of which is open
to the sky. there is seated all day long,
from eight in the morning till five in
hour ut noon for refreshments. some
five or six thousand people, peasants
from the neighboring villages, sight.
seers from the near-lying Bavarian
towns, and tourists from far and near,
from England and A meries. They are
gathered together, some for devotion,
others out of curiosity, to witness the
first representation of a unique and in-
teresting drama, the only surviving
medimyal relic in Germany of the kind
which has come down with unbroken
tradition. The scene of the drama is
the village of Ober-Ammergau, and the
play, to give it its full title, ** The Great
Expiatory Sacrifice of Golgotha, or the
Narrative of the Passion and Death of
Jesus, According to the Four Evange-
lists, with Tableaux Vivants Taken
From the Old Testament. The sectors
ance and direction of their village pas.
None other has ever acted ip the
pinay. anda yel it can trace its existence
back for centuries; indeed, its origin is
lost in the remote past. For long years
its fame was confined to its own imme.
diate neighborhood, but in these days
of the railway, the telegraph, the press
and tourist agencies, it was impossible
to keep its fame from spreading far and
wide and thus it came to pass that,
from being a spectacle for humble
villagers and the goal of a decennial
pligrimage for the devout, it has become
center of attraction to the pious and
curious of two continents,
The last performance of the * Passion
Play" was given in 1871, as a crowning
religious act ol the general enthusiasm
wilich prevailed in Germany afer the
vi tories of the German troops in
France and the returning peace. The
performance of 1870, the proper year for
the exhibition, was interrupted by the
breaking out of the war, in consequence
of which the theater had to be closed
long before the appointed time, and the
visitors were scattered to the four
winds Forty of the men and youth of
Ammengasu, among them several who
had taken part in the play, were called
the ranks of the Bavarian army.
Joseph Maier, the delineator of the
character of Christ (as in the present
aT
to
form military duty, although it fortu-
nately happened that the reigning king
of Bavaria, Ludwig 11., who had ever
manifested a deep interest in the ** Pas-
sion Play," interfered in his favor, and
allowed him to do garrison duty in
Munich and retain his long, flowing
hair. Of the forty who left the village
in 1870 for the war, six never returned
—two feil in battle and four died in the
hospital. When the news of the peace
between Germany and
iin the Bavarian High-
1 on every
mountain top, from the Odenwald
to the Tyrol, and the villagers of Ober-
met together and deter
France arrive
** Passion Play" in honor of the event.
“This,” they said, “shall beour method
of thanking God, who Las bestowed on
us the blessings of victory and peace.”
themselves for the representation which
begins to-day. When we look at the
names of the players we can hardly
realize that nine years have eclapsed
since the last performances, With the
of Anastasia Krach, who
role of the Virgin, there is not a single
change of importance. Truly, time
The ** Passion Piay™ is composed of no
life ot Christ from the entry into Jerg.
salem to the resurrection and ascension.
Each of the eighteen acts is prefaced
with one or more tableaux vivants, the
subject of which is taken from the Old
Testament. They stand in the closest
the performance, being so many sym-
bols and prophecies of the scenes from
the life of Christ, which they are in-
tended to iliustrate The small text
book published by the community of
Ober-Ammergau has very appropriate
remarks upon this subject by the Geist.
licher Rath Daisenberger: * Our main
statement of the facts, but in its con-
prophecies of the Old Testament. By
this manner of treatment an additional
strong light will be cast up 'n the strong
narrative, and the thoughtful spectator
will be able to realize the grand truth
that Jesus Christ, the son of God, made
mar for our salvation, is the central
figure of the inspired volumes. As in
the history of the Christian church,
the life of the Savior and all his sacred
actions are continually repeated
and reproduced, to the extent that,
according to Seriptural commen-
tators, he lives over again, suffers
and triumphs again in his saints, so it
happened before His appearance in the
flesh, and the holy patriarchs and other
saints of the Old Testament for
shadowed His coming by the events of
their history and by their virtuous
lives; for He is the eternal sun of the
spiritual world ; the sun of justice, send
ing forth His divine rays to illuminate
in all directions both His predecessors
and His successors, no less than His
contemporaries. Many of the incidents
in the lives of tlie ancient fathers bear
a striking and obvious resemblance to
various parts in the life of the Re.
deeraer, and set forth the sufferings and
death and resurrection so minutely tha:
the evangelists continually mention
some prophecy which was fulfilled.
Thus the heroes of the Scriptures
Adam, the obedient, Abraham, Isane,
Joseph, Job, David, Micaiah Jonas,
Paniel, and so many others who labored
and suffered in His spirit —represent in
part, though imperfectly, His life, and
through what they accomplished and
suffered they became the prophets of
that which in him. the Urbild, the
primitive type, should take place. In
this fundamental thought is the repre.
sentation of the Passion arranged and
perjormed on the basis of the entire
Scriptures.”
To-day we shall give only a single
scene from the *‘ Passion Play,” as re.
corded by the author of the “Album of
the Passion Play:” The drama lias a
double prelude, one of prayer and one
of nature. Precisely ateight o'clock the
booming of cannon, planted on a siigh
elevation beneath the peak of the Kofel,
announces that the play is about’ to be-
gin. The whole available space within
the theater is crowded. Every eye is
directed toward the broad proscenium,
which is bathed in the glory oi morn-
ing sunlight. If the curtain of the cen-
tral stage was removed, while the mu-
gienl overture is being performed, and
there was revealed at once what is only
to be gradually unfolded the hearts of
many indifferent spectators would be
fillea with surprise, if not with deeper
emotions. In the principal scene of the
future labors of the players are assem-
bled all the members of the community
who are to take an active partin the
performances— upward of five hundred
in number—together with their pastor
or the aged priest-father of the village,
the Geistlicher Rath Daisenberger, and
there, unobserved by human eye, but
feeling conscious ofthe Divine ,
have fallen upon their knees and are en-
gaged in asilent prayer, The spiritual
leader of the villagers kneels down in
their midst We know thatthe purport
of their prayer, although very suppli.
cate in silence, is that the dramatic la-
bors in which they are about to engage
may prove spiritually bhepeficial to
themselves and to the thousands who
have come from distant parts to wit.
ness them. This is the unseen prelude
to the Passion Play.”
There is also the prelude of nature,
which contributes to a ealm and joyous
feeling in the breast of the spectator,
The eye, wandering far beyond the
limits of the stage, dwells upon the
green, sunlit landseape of the valley,
To the right and left the gage rests on
mountains fringed with firs, and more
prominent than all on the high peaked
Kofel, with its high cross gilded by the
morning's rays, The fresh morning
breeze is laden with the perfume of
myriads of wild flowers that earpet the
meadows of the valley, The ear is eap-
tivated by soft, thrilling melodies as the
lark soars trom his nest among the
meadow grass and pours out a matin
hymn te the Creator. Even within the
confines of the theater itself tiny feath.
ered visitors dart seross the sea of hu.
man heads, hop about on the broad
prosceniom or rest demurely on the
projecting corners of the stage, while
butterflies of every hue sail about at the
caprice of the breeze, enlivening and
diversifyin the scene. From the dis-
tant hills tbe tinkling of cow bells is
borne faintly to the ear, giving evidence
i
of the charm and simple beauty of pas-
toral life. Nature and art here unite in
preparing the mind for the grand scene
of Christ's triumphal entry into Jerusa-
lem. Every feature of landscape and
surrounding contributes toward the
drama—Christ's triumphal entry into
Jerusalem-—in such a manner as almost
to produce complete illusion.
The Same Old Game.
The other afternoon the tools, imple-
ments, fixtures, sppartenances and
whatever else belongs to the game of
croquet, = ere put in position on a lawn
up Woodward avenue, and ns ua young
Iady and a young man, seemingly her
lover, Look up the mailets to start the
balls, a bony-looking old tramp halted
and leaned over the fence and got his
mouth puckered up for something good,
The young man took the first shot, and,
before the ball ceased rolling, the girl's
voloe was heard oalling
“You didn't knock fair—you've got
to try it over!"
Before either ot them were half way
down sLe Lad occasion to remind Lim
timt he wasn't playing with a blind
person, and that she conld overlook no
cheating. As she went under the last
arch he felt compelled to remark that
her playing wo oid rule her out of any
club he ever e™d of. On the way back
she asked him why he couldn’ be an
honest man as well as & jockey and a
falsifier, and he inquired why she didn't
write a set of ruies to tally with her
style of playing.
“It's coming—'tain't five minutes
1" chuck wd the tramp, as he took a
new grip on the fence and shaded his
eyes with his hat.
“Don't you knock that ball away!”
shouted the girl, a minute after.
“Yes, I will!™
“Don't you dare to.”
“I'm playing socording to the rules.”
“No, younren't! You'vecheated all
the way through!”
**I never cheated once ™
“And now you are adding the crimeo
perjury! Sir, I dare not trust my future
happiness to such a man! I couid never
trust or believe in you!”
“Nor 1 in you!”
“Then let us part forever! she said
i“ she hurled her mallet at a stone
OR.
¥So we will!” he hissed as he flung
his at hersleeping poodle.
She bowed and started for the house
to pad up his letters.
He raised his hat and made for an ap-
proaching street-ear to get down town
in time for the Toledo train.
“That's all I wantcd to know," sighed
the tramp as he turned away. * I've
been out in the woods for a few years
past, and 1 didn't know but there had
heen some changes made in croquet, but
I see it's the same old game clear
through !"— Defrost Free Press.
Water Supply.
Of the danger of injury to health from
polluted wells, it is hardly possible to
say too much. In one cholera season
in London six hundred deaths were
traced to the use of a single street pump.
I'yphoid fever has been repeatedly, in-
deed many times, known to affect whole
families who resorted to a well for a
common supply, while others in the
same neighborhood, using different
water, were not attacked. Worse yet,
perhaps, seems to be the subtlety with
which organic poison may be con eyed,
by water, through milk in dairymen's
supplies. Several times this has hap-
ened in London and elsewhere in Eng-
and. In one instance, so far as ap.
peared, the only mode of contamination
was by the milk-pans at the dairy being
washed in water from a stream into
which leakage had occurred from a
neighboring vault. At another time,
several well-to-do families in London,
one of them that of a puysician, were al-
fected with typhoid fever. It was
found that they "were all supplied with
milk by a company which furnished
milk from several dairies. At last it
was ascertained that cases of fever oo.
curred only in those families to whom
had been sent the milk of one particular
dairy; and a local cause of contamina
tion of its supply was aiso traced.
What exquisite cleanliness of all things
is enjoined by this experience! Noth-
ing is more sensitive than milk and
cream to all impurity. Even the water
which cows drink, when marshy and
bad, has been known to make their milk
unwholesome, Butter ean be made good
only where the most scrupulous sweet-
ness, cleanliness, and freshness of every-
thing is maintained. This is the chief
secret of good Buster-making: and the
moral of it may be extended and ap-
plied by saying that perfect cleanliness
of water, food, air and person, is every-
where absolutely neostSRtY 1 perfect
health.— American Health Primer.
A —————IO I 730
Turkish Robbers.
Three robbers, armed to the teeth, re-
cently breke into a Prussian’s house in
Constantinople. He gave up his watch
and $20 in Turkish money, but they
wanted more. They bound him hand
and foot, and compelled him to tell
them where they would find the key of
his business safe. This safe happened
the top of the house, and thither the
three robbers hastened, leaving the
owner bound, and threatened to return
and shoot him if he called for assist-
ance. But as they went upstairs his
wife, who had Leen watching what was
taking place from another room, slipped
quietly in and cut the bonds of her hus-
band. Arming themselves with revol-
vers, the pair crept quietly up the stairs,
came upon the robbers, and without a
word shot down two of them. The
third threw down his weapons and
begged for mercy. The Prussian bound
his late assailanc fast, and leaving his
wife to wateh over him with a loaded
revolver in her hand, hastened to «the
nearest station house. There he found
the officer in charge absent, and on in-
quiring for a sub-officer was told that
both of the latter were also away.
Thereupon the Prussian asked four of
the men to accompany him to his house
and take the bound burglar into cus-
tody. Arrived in the room where the
two men had been shot, the zaptieths
look on at the two «(orpses and the
apprised and recognized in the former
RELIGIOUS NEWS AND NOTES,
472 preachers,
t. Louis,
ear. It will have four hundred mem-
po, one-half of them from the United
tates, :
In October the First Congregational
church of Boston will lah rea 250th
anniversary, and preparations are al
ready being made for theevent. Among
the four signers of the first covenant in
the church were Governors Winthrop
and Dudley. The first book of records
and a sliver goblet which Governor
Winthrop gave to the chureh ars still in
the society's ppssession.
The home mission committee of the
Canadas Presbyterian church has re.
ceived $400000 during the last six
months, and it has arranged to send
seven additional missionaries to Mani-
oba, where they are greatly noeded.
The need of increased efforts on the
part of the Presbyterian denomination
awong the German element in this
country is beginning to attract atten
tion, and steps are about to be taken to
push work in that direction more vig-
oroualL
The Woman's Baptist Miss ionary so
ciety, which was urganized nine years
ago, has received in all $381,100. [ast
year the society received some $46 17%,
the largest amount ever received in one
»
leyan ministers report it not an unusual
thing o eye . Witten requisition
rom vi & hy forty or fifty in-
habitants, asking them 4 ne a
preach the gospel to them,
The income of the Presbyterian board
of foreign missions for last year shows
a very large increase, The
gregate $586,844, a
vious year of more than $150,000.
legacies have been unusually large,
the Woman's societies have collected
$200,000. The Isst assembly asked the
church to bring its contributions up to
$500,000, which the church has done,
and much more.
The quadrennial Jeport of the agent
of the New York M ist Book Con-
cern shows that its net capital is $1,080,
568, The net profits of the four years
have been $301,978. The sales for the
same od were $3,415,016. The re-
port aiso shows that the support of the
bisho which was thrown om the
churches three years ago, has drawn
upon the funds of the concern. Three
years ago the fund owed the concern
$118,436; it owes now $120,211. The
ents recommend that this amount be
charged to profit and Joss, as they
do not believe it will be made good by
the church.
The Preshyterian board has very en-
courag reports from their mi
work in Mexico. More than 500 con-
verts recently sat down ether at the
communion table in the oity of Zita-
cuaro,situated southeast of the capital,
and the two native preachers say they
have nearly 2,000 converts in the Staté
of Michoaoan,
There are iv Great Britain thirty-four
Catholic peers, twenty-six holding
seats in the house of lords, and fifty-
one Catholic members of the house o
commons. There are five members of
the queen's pri vy council who are Catho
lies. There are in Great Britain eighteen
archbishops or bishops, 2,140 priests,
and 1,348 Catholic places of worship.
The Japanese edition of the book of
COmWon Joye is said to be nearly com-
pleted. It is being prepared under the
supervision of a mixed committee of
English and American missionary so-
cieties,
The Episcopal convention of North-
ern New Jersey has appointed a com-
mittee to ascertain the nature and
amounts of all incumbrances upon
church property in the diocese, with a
view to devise some practical means by
which all such incumbrances may be
removed prior to the es ntennial dio-
cesan anniversary, which will occur in
1883,
The Liberal Baptist association has
held its forty-fourth annual meeting.
It counts twenty-six churches, twenty-
four ministers, and about 1,900 com
municants,
It is about 140 years since the begin-
ning of fore missions, and converts
from heathenism now number about a
million and a half,
The representatives of twelve theo-
logical seminaries who Tetently Leid a
conference in New York city ado a
plan an inter-seminary missionary
organization, and apt inted a mission-
ary convention at New Brunswick in
October,
Rag Carpets.
My new one—new two Jona ago—is
almost worn out now. And yet, though
this one has not done very ser-
vice, I think more of rag earpets than 1
used to. It is not because they are
especially fashionable, for I have seen
only one rag carpet besides mine since |
put it upon the floor. That other one,
in the sitting room of a near neighbor,
has since given piace to a cotton enrfet
of gay colors an ttern, costing half a
dollar a yard. When I run in to seemy
neighbors, I usually sit with my feet
upon an ingrain or Brussels carpet. It
is very pleasant, and I admire the neat
carpet and the Sowering plants, and all
the dainty trifles on shelves and brack-
ets. But when I go home and find m
“ hit-or-miss ” rag carpet strewn wi
the little girls’ dolly work, and the 1'ttle
boys’ whittlings and the baby’s crumbs
and playthings, I am glad it is only a
rag carpet, and that I am not ob te
worry about the injury that would dail
happen to a nice carpet where five chi
dren spend a good Pn +f their waking
hour, esi fon Shik it is more
** Eastiakey " than the very gay carpets
of some of my neighbors! Far it
harmonizes better with my very plain
sitting room furniture than good ingra
ting would. I like
if ever fortune gives
or Brussels
nice things, an
them to me, I shall be thankful I hope,
as | am now for babies and for the com-
panionship of childbood, and for the
ex . jetace of a mother. .
wiil make one more carpet, at least.
I think it wil. be * Ha instead
ofstriped, and I think I will put itdown
as I did this, without sewing the
breadths, but simply lapping them. one
a lew inches over the next, stretching
each one well, and tacking them very
little except at the ends. It is easy then
to take up and shake or beat the carpet
and put it down again, so that all the
worn places may be less exposed. It is
easy to wash out the most soiled por
tions. Iwill have a stronger warp next
time, and think I will have it in two
colors, so that there will be stripes run-
ning lengthwise of the breadths. I will
be particular in cutting and tearing the
rags to have them so that they will be
even-si threads in the filling, for I
have never liked to see the places in this
old carpet where thick woolen rags
have sometimes joined on to finer sotton
strings, making the texture of the car-
pet uneven, and causing it to wear out
more easily. The little girls must sew
them neatly, #0 as not to give a bunchy
look when woven. I think [ will have
the rags divided into three kinds for
sewing—a basket of dark , one of
light and one of gay colors. The first
may include the black and dark-browns
my grays. The second will contain the
light non” escript grays, browns andlold
calico stuff; the third, anything a‘ ail
bright. The one who sews can go round
and round with these three lots, and so
make a tolerably even ** hit-or-miss.” I
sure that I know of no carpeting for
fifty cents a yard that will do pg
the two sub-officers, und in the latter
the officer of their own guard.
Ad of
held anaunly in Hyde Parke}
tea was first
“it sold for
hiacksmith does that for him.— Bo
The Bessemer ¢teel works made
use in + Vermont siate quarry,
sche has now about §,000 primary
school urposes nearly $3.350,000
; Ca
at Rome is converted
En ee
architect into a
Mir. Paul Brunelle, of Patna, Uo
a ph of Pui hich o
iains $46 ploces of wood, no two,
The boys of the Houston public schools
nually bave a street parade, a re.
The
tected
in
from seven 10
We have yet to sce the
will give an inteiligent
q $1" you square
old man? -
smokers in that
cigars 8 week, and 2
bills run up to thousands of Sears or
annum.
Takea bran new straw drop it
into the oy’’ader of a 2h
chine, and win i has been rus out on
lo tie straw stack by the asteiet: he
have the latest style | a
loo Observer ny nat, z
The Michigan Chistian Advocate sug-
| gests that ng letters be made to
: ue hearer, A. B..
ceptable member of the
copal church in R., and is
commended 10 the —— church in !
of his ation, there Da veasntite |
0 there, i
church shall cease, |,
Dogs are subject to accidents, and
swellings or tumors of various kinds on
different paris of the body; and in such
cases, if you do not know just what
do, it is beiter to consult
authority, such as the editor
class sporting paper, tuan to try
ments which may or may not be
good of your favorite, i
Nearly all dogs ¥ an occasional
washing. and if they do not get it
skin is apt to become foul,
may cotlect, which will
troublesome and difficult
When the dog is to be
large buckets full of
towel and a cake of
which you may be
dog-fancier.
should be jukewsn
other cold. Tie ih
on the grass under
ng a little of the warm
is shoulder, at the same
the soap
23
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Home-Made Seda Water,
The artificial seltzer water, made with
a carbonic acid generator, is already,
says the Sci-mitfic American, an imita-
tion far from fect of
water.
scale for family use, as it were, can only
ive a product 1g still more from
that of the . Yet the following
would fairly imitate the taste and prop-
erties of the natural water: = ~~
Fused chloride of calcium. ....4 grains.
Chloride of um. -.....' 2 grains,
Chlatide of Bed .
drachms
BE
Sodf. «ov... 08
' Dissolve all the salts, excepting the
tartaric acid and the bicarbonate, in
“introd ace
botile.
acid,
ERR
e 1 , secure the wi
SOUL CE deel the bottle aside tor
about six hours before it is opened. It
is then ready for use. Ti
II OOO.
The irst Public Hospitals.
Bilbota and Delta both assert that
Julie hospitals are a uot of Cbs.
wanity. In the fourth century )
Christ the Indian King Asoka issued
this decree, which still exists inseribed
on : “Everywhere, in the parts oo-
cupied by the faithful, medical aid is
established for men and animals, apd
where they are not they are to be pre-
." In the year 400 A. D. these
ospitals still survived as Fa iam. a
Chinese traveler, says of his visit to the
city of Patna: “The nobles and land-
owners of this country have founded
Bospitals in the city, to which the poor
of | Sounisries, the destitute, the cr
es, the
Shey receive e
gratuitously. When cured they de
at their own convenience.” ony ead
says thatin the principal cities of ancient
exico there were °‘‘ hospitals for the
cure of the sick superior to f
" The Crates, in