Old and Yonng.
i.
They soon grow old who props for gold
In marts where all i, bought and sold :
Who live for self and on some sheif
In darkened vaults hoard np their pelf,
Cankered and crusted o'er with mold.
For them their yonth itself is oIJ.
u.
They ne'er grow old who gather gold
Whore Spring awakes and flowers unfold;
Where suns arise in joyous skies.
And All the sonl within their eyre.
For them the immortal bards have sung :
For them old ago itself is young I
—C. P. OwsA in Scribntr.
Milk lag-time.
"I tell yon. Kate, that Lore joy W*
Is worth her weight in gold;
She gives a good eight quarts o' milk,
And isn't yet live year old.
"I see young White s-oomm' now .
He wants t or. I know that.
He careful, girl, you're apillin' it'
An' save some for the est.
• OooJ reenin', Riohant, step right in;"
"I go as I couldn't, sir,
I've Jnst come Jowa*— "1 know it, Pick,
YouVe took a shine to her.
"She's kind an' gentle as a lamb,
Jes: where I go she folk**;
And tbongh it's ch asp I'll lot her go;
She's your'u for thirty dollars.
"Yon"11 know her clear scroes the farm.
By them two walk white stars;
Yon ueedu'i Ah re her home st night.
But je.l le' down the bars.
"Then, wh en you've cwu'd her. say s month
And lear at her. as it were.
HI hy, what's the msltrr. Pick?"
"Tkjrt her I want,—it's— krr
"Wha*. ? not the girl! well. HI he hies* d'—
Th> r , Kste. don't itrop that pan.
Yon' re took me mightily aback,
B at then a man's a man.
"t he's yonr'n, my bo> but one word iu re.
Kate's gentle as a dove;
She";! foller yon the whole world round,
For nothin' else but love.
"That never try to drive the las*;
Her natnr's like bar m „
Try alius found it the lest.
To jest le' down, the bars."
Tkitip Jlfor* in S-ribner.
Grandmother's Story.
Thia war wus in 1812, and, although
I was a very little girl, I remember
■rany things about it very distinctly.
Our father at that time lived"in the little
town of Hampden, on the Penobscot
nver, iu Maine, and one beautiful morn
ing in September a ueighbor burst into
the house as we sat at breakfast, inform
ing us wit h breath I t*s haste that a fleet
of English war skips was coming up the
river and making for our wharf,
where was moored for safe-keeping a
prize that some of our cruisers had
taken a short time before.
For a rnomeut not a word was spoken.
My father glanced irresolutely about
him at the dear, childish faces that
looked up into his in silent terror; but a
feeble wail from the adjoining bedroom
deci. .Ed him immediately, and he said
firmly, though with qniyering lips:
I 'AYe can not leaye them," and he
nodded tow:ud the bedroom; "so we'll
e'jar and face the worst together. Don't
cry, Dolly," and he laid his hard band
caressingly upon the head of my little
sister. " Englishmen are but men after
all, and I dou't think that there's any
danger of their troubling helpless women
and children."
At that instant the sound of a gun
made us start to our feet, aud rushing
to the door we could see the stately fleet
sailing slowly up the rirer in the gray
morning light, looking, to our childish
ima<rications, like huge birds of prey
ready to swoop down at any instant
upon our helpless little town.
As the troops landed and marched np
to meet the militia, that were still at
some little distance, a fog arose, envel
oping them in tea minutes so complete
ly, that a man could not see his way a
yard before him.
"It's the pillar o\ cloud," sobbed
frightened Aunt Debby; "but I duwish
the Lord'd let the bright side shine on
them militiamen of ourn."
But the fog was as thick for American
as for British, although, owing to their
superior knowledge of the locality, the
former were much surer of their posi
tion than strangers upon the soil could
be. And here occurred the unlucky
blunder that gave our enemies the ad
vantage that they could not otherwise
have had. Just as the British troops
were defiling past our house, some of
our men, who were utterlv untrained,
mere raw recruits hurriedly gathered
together for the emergency, commenced
an irregular fire upon the enemy, and
whfm their commander ordered them
to desist until the lifting of the fog
should enable them to aim with some
accuracy, they fell into disorder at the
first volley fired in return, broke ranks,
and actually took to their heels without
stopping to fire a second gun.
In a few hoars the British had
possession of our little town, disporting
themselves very much like a pack of
mischievous boys out on a "time."
They entered all the bouses, unceremo
niously ordering the frightened house
wives to cook the best for them that
their larders afforded, a'd if they didn't
hap ( ven to fancy a dish, disposing of it
oti the hearth in the shape of smashed
crockery, mnch to ita owner's ehagriu,
for earthen dishes were a luxury in those
days, and a broken one was not easily
replaced. They slyly pnlled the bong
from the farmer's cider barrel, and drunk
his majesty's health in mm that his ene
mies were forced to pay for; and now and
then theyfrightened some anxious mamma
pretending to a great fancy for a chicken
of her featherless brood, and insisting
upon taking him on board ship as a
promising recruit iu his majesty's ser
vice.
The frightened people enjoyed these
little pleasantries very much as the
frogs enjoyed tbat stoning match that
we read about in the old spelling book;
but a hush of horror tell upon man,
woman and child, when the only two
soldiers, who were killed by the unskill
fully aimed guns of our troops, were
buried by their comrades in a shallow
trench that they compelled a man to dig
in a corner of his door-yard, wrapped in
a taole-cloth that they took from the
table, and laid away.
At last, as the afternoon waned, they
marched away on the Bangor road, for
the purpose of visiting that then insig
niflcant town, and exploring localities in
which they evidently felt all the curios
ity and interest of strangers and foreign
ers
The good people, relieved of their
Eresence, took time to draw a long
reath and congratulate themselves upon
ooming off so much easier than they had
feared, while neglected duties of all
kinds presented themselves to the now
reassured housekeepers. Aunt Debby
found time to mold and salt her butter,
while our eldest sister prepared supper,
and little Dolly was sent to the barn to
Jeed the cosset lamb, whose hungry
bleat had not, for a wonder, betrayed
its whereabouts to the mutton hungry
marauders, who had unceremoniously
iropriated whatever they cared for in
appropriate
that line.
As she opened the door, the little girl
heard something—a rustle, then a half
uppressed groan, that made her shrink
back, trembling all over; and turning
her face toward the house, she debated
the question of meeting the sly jokes of
her brothers on her cowardice, or going
boldly into the now dusky barn. The
piteous bleating of her pet decided her,
and timidly she opened the great barn
doors, and slipped in, holding her breath
as she tripped across the wide floor slip-
Grv with hay seed to the corner where,
kind a pile of unhusked corn, poor
Clover all day kept her hungry vigiL
** Poor Clover ! crooned the child, set
ting down her basin of thickened milk
dose to the little creature's eager nose,
FHED. KURTZ, Kditor and Projrietor,
VOLUME XL
'• I'm real sorry nobody thought of von;
but we've hitll awful thieves rouml here
to-day, laumne!" atul aim patted the*
annual's woolly coat iu her pretty, confi
dential fashion.
She lanl her curly head lovingly
against the lamb's sule, forgetful for the
moment of every tlnug, but the safety
of her pet, when suddenly a low voice
close to her ear said, in a bantering tone
that waa not at ail calculated iu itself to
inspire terror:
" Hoot, lassie !■"
Dolly started, and screamed aloud in
her fright, but the sight of the honest,
good list tired face looking out at her
fpom behind the ix.ru rick reassured her
somewhat, and still eliugiug to her
lamb, she asked, timidly:
"Who are you? and what are you
here for?" •
The man pointed to liis sleeve, all
stained and discolored with blood.
" A bullet has gaue clean through my
arm," he said, with the indifference of
one habituated to harvlship and suffer
ing; but the little girl'a face gr.w sud
denly pitiful.
"Let me run and get Doctor Rogers
to do it up!" she exclaimed; but the
soldier laid a detaining baud ujoa her
arm.
"Nae leech for me," he said. "It's
naethiug but a fleal. wound, after a', an'
a" I want is a strip o' auld linen an' a
bowl o' water; I can uiak' sliift to dress
it my aiuser. But, my bonnie lassie,"
lowering hia voice, and glancing appre
hensively toward the door, " where are
the marines, noo?"
" They've all gone off to Bangor," was
the glad reply. " There ain't oue of 'em
left here now."
The wounded soldier mused for a
moment, and then he said, gently:
" I hue a wee lassie o' uivain at home,
aboot your ago, an' 't wad*t>e a sair blow
to her "to ken that her daddy cam' to his
death in this far off land. My wound
mann hae time to heal, an' will ye noo,
for little Janet's sake, gie me a hidin'-
plaoe aiming the barley riggs up yon ?"
"If father be williu'," began Dolly;
but the soldier shook liis head deci
sively.
" Na, ua, I'll trust nane but yerwel'.
A bit o' bannock noo an' then, wi' a
draugLt frae auld crummie doon there
in the byre, will keep me alive for the
next few days, till I can show my heid
wi* safetv."
Dolly's tender heart was touched, and
she consented to the arrangement, not
only procuring the bandages and water
that the soldier had asked for. but a big
bowl of bread ajid milk that, iu the ex
eitemeut aud bustle indoors, she had
had no difficulty in attracting unno
ticed from the pantry; and when he was
comfortably ensconced in a warm corner
of the upper mow, she thoughtfully
provided him with horse blankets and a
tattered old comfortable that had some
times served as a sleigh robe for the
boys in their wiuter etening rides.
"May the Faither o* Mercies bless
yon, my bairuie," was the whispered
benediction of the grateful man as he
received these welcome proofs of her
benevolent good will; and all that eve
ning the chdd pondered upon the in
compatibility between her soldier's
words and his profession.
" Father," she asked, at leugth, "do
you s'pose any of these soldiers from the
ships can be good men ?"
"They're jest like the Amelekites,"
broke in Aunt Debby, sternly.
"Ain't you a leetle hard, Debby ?
seein' the men are only doin' what
they're obleeged tr do."
Aunt Debby's gray head bristled de
fiantly.
"I don't believe in mukin' friemls
with unrighteousness." she said, with
an air of uncompromising severity. ''lf
one o' them Britishers was hnugry, I'd
give 'im bread; if he was tbiraty, Fd
give 'im drink; an' then—l'd jest hand
'im over to the authorities ter hang or
shoot as they see fit."
With a child's unquestioning confi
dence in the wisdom of her elders,
frightened little Dolly took it for grant
ed that death would be the penalty if
her wounded soldier should be found,
anJ every doubt that she had ever felt
in regard to keeping his place of refuge
a secret from her family was new decid
ed once f. r all In spite of Aunt Dcb
by's denunciation, she felt sure that thin
soldier was no "Amelekite," and she
made up her mind that, let come what
would, she would stand bv him to the
last.
The days slipped by, and the British
ships, after cruising about in the river
and doing all the barm that they could
to the American shipping, set sail one
fine morning, and disappeared down the
bay, greatly to the joy of the inhabi
tants of the towns npon the shore.
Poor little Dolly just now was having
a hard time of it. Aunt Debby accused
her of idleness and inattention, while
her father threatened to kill Clover, who,
he declared, ate as mnch milk as all the
family put together; and even her moth
er, rendered nervous and irritable by
sickness and fright, fretted at the long
hours that tlie child spent out of doors,
where, nobody oould* tell, unless the
wounded soldier from his hiding-place
in the barn had chosen to solve the rid
dle of the little Samaritan's disapjiear
imce. There was a wonderful charm to
the home-bred child in those pictures
that he loved to show her—of the old
Scottish home where his little Janet
wandered over the heathery moon, and
hunted for the "laverock's" nest be
neath the grass and daisies of the small
meadow beyond, or fished for minnows
in the "wimplin' burn" that ran close
to the oottage; and long before the last
glimpse of the enemy's sails hail faded
away into the blue horizon. Sandy Mac-
Clintock had liecome as mnch apart of the
little maiden's life as if he hail lieen
brought up under the ume roof. There
was a natural affinity lie!ween the
thongtitful child and the child-hearted
that man made long acquaintanceship en
tirely unnecessary between the two so
far as a perfect understanding was con
cerned.
Friday evening the " class " met at
my father's, for in those days it was cns
tomary to assemble at the dwelling of
the "class-leader" instead of at the
church; and just before the opening of
the meeting, the door opened, and in
walked a tall, sandy-haired man in his
shirt sleeves, but with a sailor's troußers
and hat, while one of his arms was snp
ported by a rude sling improvised out of
what seemed ar old calico apron.
Everybody stared in utter astonish
ment, Bud only Annt Debby had the
presence of mind to offer the stranger a
chair, which he accepted; and dropping
his head in a devotional attitude, re
mained silentjwhile the opening prayer
was made, a hymn snug, and the differ
ent members of the " class " proceeded,
as they were called upon in turn by their
leader, to give an account of their re
ligious experiences during the past
week. When all had finished, my father
turned to the stranger and Baid, with
something of embarrassment:
" You are a stranger to us all sir; but
it may be that we serve the Bame Mas
ter?"
In a moment Sandy Mac Clintock was
upon his feet, and with tears of joy run
ning down his bronzed cheeks, ponred
forth his long pent up religious feelings
in a flood of eloquence that carried
every one with him.
" I'm nae langer a stranger in a strange
countrie," he cried. " Brithers an'
sisters are ye all, the night, roond Qod's
ain hearth stane."
Snuggled into a corner, Dolly listened,
THE CENTRE REPORTER.
scarcely daring to breaths; an.l when, at
the close of the meeting, all crowded
about the Strang. r, bidding htm wel
come among them, .he wa intouudAl at
the explanation that lie aeenwxl r.wdy,
even auxioua to give of hia presence
there:
" 1 was aye impressed into the service,
an' as my heart was tiae in the wark, 1
tuik the Uuie to rid myael' o' it a"."
N'olxxly's hand shake was more cor
dial thau Aunt liebby's; and when, after
peace was declared, ami our oauuv Hoot,
having settled down as a thrt.ly farmer
and uaeful citizen, was desirous of a
unstress U> preside over his comfortable
home and superintend the domestic edu
cation of little Janet, he made certain
matrimonial proposals to Aunt Debby,
which that worthy spiuster had not the
heart to say nay to; and as roguish
Dollv remarked, urn being an " Atuele
kite " didn't seem to trouble her a bit.
Peril of Iced Tea.
Beware me cup. lu these Jays of
racing thermometer* and busy coroners
it is fraught with peril. Scientific men,
learned men iu the profession*, hate
compelled us to drop the luscious straw
berry iu terror by scresmiug out U> Us
that it would giro us the hydrophobia.
They have made us heartsick with ap
prehension by showing that the tempt
ing peach iu our haud* was rooking with
the deadly pruasic acid. They liave tili
ed oar ioe cream witli poisonous im
purities. Tliey have forbidden us to
drink water that lias passed through iron
or load pipes, or that has stood w a
woodeu vessel, or lain iu a cemented
cistern, or rippled from the rook of the
hillside, impregnated with heaven and
chemistry only know what awful sub
stance, until one restriction after another
has made it the only safe way for u man
to get a drink of water. for him to lie
down on his l>ack, open his mouth, and
wait for the shower. Seience has kindly
warned us of the death that lurks in the
coffee cup. The cup that blesses the
breakfast table impairs the digestion.
Large doses of it produce palpitation at
the heart. It is adulterated with Vene
tian red and native aeequioxide of iron.
Science has also warned ns against the
use of warm tea, bread and butter, meat,
vegetables, frnit, graiu, roots, berries,
milk, and similar articles as food. Sin
gularly enough, science has not yet as
sailed iced tea. But it will not do to
}>erm.it people to enjov thiaoool, delight
ful beverage, simply because its taste is
grateful to the wearied system during
this scwrchiug weather. We must do
onr duty, thongh scieuce may shrink
from it, and the people msy cry out
against ns. There is danger in iced tea,
and if you would live long and well shun
the cooling cup. We will cite a few in
stances of carefully made experiments.
On the 10th of June, John C. Hemp
stead, of West Hill, legan to drink iced
tea at dinner and supper. He kept np
this practice for nearly three weeks, and
then one day, going down the I>.vision
street steps, slipped and fell, abrading
the skin of both legs, and running a
sliver into the ball of his tbmnh so far
that it made his teeth sche when he
pulled it ont. His clothing was also
considerably toru. When lie went home
that evening he learned that his eldest
boy had been whipped at school for
sticking a pin as far through another
boy as the head would let it go. He was
warned to quit drinking iced tea, but he
persisted in the practice, and he is now
sleeping in the valley, between West
and North Hill, where he lives, and
says he never felt so well in his life.
But mav be he lies about it.
Henry EsterfelJt, of Eighth street,
drank iced tea regularly every summer
for three vears. He persisted, and one
Sunday a/ternoon while he was out driv
ing hi horse ran away and smashed
seventeen dollars out of a Ixirrowed
bnggT. He paid the n ney, but neg
lected the warning. He went on drink
ing ioed tea, ami in less than six weeks
somebody poisoned his dog.
A young woman who did plain sewing
in this city, while employed in the fami
ly of Ralph Henderson, of Maple street,
became addicted to the use of iced tea.
She soon ran a sewing machine needle
through her thumb, and for many days,
whenever she picked np a enp of iced
tea, a sharp pain ran through that
thumb. She refused to obey the warn
ing, however, and in six weeks she was
carried away. Tho man who carried her
away married her first
Last week, at the beginning of the
heated term, two eminent scientific
gentlemen, of BnrHngtoo, took a strong,
healthy, black anil tan dog and immersed
him in a tab of pnre cistern a ater, into
which a weak solution of iced tea hail
been poured. They held the dog's head
under the water fifteen minutes, although
he struggled violently, thus showing the
natural aud instinctive aversion to a
substance which intelligent human be
ings blindly and eagerly drink. and when
the gentlemen took inm out of the tub
he was dead. If a tearupful of ioed tea
in a tnbful of water will kill a dog, think
for yourselves what must bo the effect of
a strong, undiluted cup of this decoction
upon the system of a weak woman.
Eleven grains of strychnine mixed in
a tableapoonful of iced tea will kill the
oldest man in America.— Burlington
Hawkege.
How to Art in Case of Fire
In case of fire, it is well to know be
forehand what to do, as many a con
flagration can be checked by quick and
intelligent action. If there is any time
in which a person should be cool and
calm, in perfect command of himself, it
is when he discovers a fire that threatens
the destruction of life and property.
The first thing to do is to learn precisely
where it is; the second, to consider the
chances of distinguishing it. Of course
in cities an alarm should at once tie scut
i out, but at tho same time a vigotoQs
effort should be made to put out the
fire with the means st hand, before the
flre-eng ne arrives on the scene. First,
then, do not be alarmed on account of
smoke. Frequently there is a great
deal of smoke before the fire has made
much progress. Remember that one
can pass through smoke by keeping'his
head near the floor or by enveloping it
in a wet woollen cloth. On entering a
room to fight a fire single banded, keep
the door closed behind if possible. A
nail of water and a tin dipper in the
hands of a resolute person can be made
to work a miracle at the beginning. If
the fire has progressed too far to admit
of this oonrse and it is necessary to de
pend entirely on outside help, then see
to it that every door and window is
closed. By this means it may be possi
ble to oonflne tho fire to one room.
Every person who stops at a hotel should
take special pains before retiring to note
the location i f the stairways, so that in
case of an alarm he can find his way out,
even thongh the halls are filled with
smoke. Never leave a room where
there is an alarm of fire without first
securing a wet towel, or, if possible, a
■ wet sponge or piece of woollen cloth
throngh which to breathe. If escape by
the stairs is cut off seek an outside win
dow and stay there till help comes.
Above all things be cool and have your
1 wits about you. Your presence of mind
! gone, all is lost.
It ia the tem per of a blade that mnat
be the proof of a good aword, and not the
gilding of the hilt or the richness of the
scabbard, ao it ia not bio grandeur and
poseeasiona that make a man considera
ble, bnt hia intrinsic merit.
CENTRE HALL, CENTRE CO., PA., THURSDAY, AUGUST 22, 1878.
TIMELY TOPICS.
The achool population of thia oouu
try placed at 14,TUti,(K)0.
Germany has a Colorado beetle scare,
uccwatoiied by the discovery <>f some live
specimens, m an invoice of American
peas.
It takw three days to get a check
cashed at a Turkish bank, ami the money
is then worth only sixty cents on the
dollar.
Ice ia a prime ueoeaaity at Bombay,
India, and the supply is obtained troin
this country, ta-iug alnpjwxl chiefly from
Boston.
A Japanese student, newly arrived iu
thia country, thought the people here
were all doctors, liecausc evervlnsly took
his hand and asked after his health.
A Paris boy named Tiffagnon, aged
fourteen years, has made a brilliant be
ginning iu a career of crime. His Arst
theft was of a portfolio containing SMI,
000.
It is as difficult a task for an an edi
tor to publish a paper that will please
everybody, as it is for a rich man to
make a will tliat will saMfy his heirs.—
,Ycw Jersty Itejiuhtican.
A small flat hug has ap|>eared in
Massachusetts, which is armed with "a
sword, or point about a quarter of an
inch in length, with which it stubs the
potato bug, killing him iu a short time."
A New York physician has made the
discovery that " not one person m three
has legs "of eqnal length, and that the
number of left legs longer than they
need be is nearly double that of the
right,"
Probably the oldest minister in the
world is Rev. Dr. Ingram, of Uust, in
Bhetland, off the omst of Sootlsud. Dr.
Ingram was 102 years of age, in April
last, and enjoy* comparatively good
health.
The exports of iron aud steel and
manufactures of iron and steel from the
Uuitetl States for 18T7 were valued at
$16,659,675. During the year 1876 the
export* of iron and steel amounted to
sll, 794,713.
A bullock, the propertv of a farmer
near Peterborough, tu England, loosed
a boy six years old, who was leasing it,
into* dyke of water. The animal then
jumped "U the child, and lay on him in
the wator until life was extinct.
Loudon has been laughing over a suit
for breech of promise of marriage. The
plaintiff was a widow of seventy rears,
who wore a wig, her hair, as she testi
fied, having fallen out in consequence
of her grief at the inconstancy of her
suitor, a liomeo of threescore and ten.
The jury gave her (80.
The largest flour mill in the world is
uow being built at Niagara Falls. It*
capacity will be alxuit 1,200 barrels per
day. The building, including elevator,
is 250 feet long nud five stories high,
aud is arched over the railroad which
pastes under the center, and eonucet*
with all the road* for the purpose of ae
eomtnodatiug the freight to and from
the milh
A letter-writer in the New York Sun,
gives HO enquiring correspondent this
•implo remedy fordruuketuu**: "About
' bull an hour, or ssrli.r before tireakfast
let him partake of an orange or two.
After a time they have a peculiar am! re
markable eff.-ot ou au empty stomach.
The patient thenceforth abhor* strong
drink, because it tastes nauseous to him.
The prime aonroe of temptation in re
moved, for be doe* not feel thirst. The
ruinedj has proved successful in every
, inntance that ha* come under my knowl
edge.
Cremona, au Italian painter of repute,
has just died at Milan under extraordin
ary circumstances. He wa* a man of
the most careless, not to say dirty, habit*
aud in order to save time he diseanled
the use of the palette, which he deemed
nnoeeesaarv and troublesome. He wa*
wont, therefore, to spread hi* colors on
the nalm of hia left band and on his
bare chest. The other day while *hiud
ing at his easel lio wo* seized with strong
convulsions, and expired after forty
eight hours' agony. The doctor* attrib
ute his death to the absorption into the
system of poisuns used in painting.
Considerable exriteoomt hex leen
caused in the district of Tekncli, near
the village of Fnnder, in Ronmania, by
the sadden apj>ear*noe of a specie* of
mole, yellowish in color, twenty centi
metres in length and eight in circum
ference, of a snake-like appearance,
which baa already totally destroyed oue
hundred and tweuty acre* of wheat.
These animal* diaappear during the
day time in hole* dng in the earth, and
come out at night to renew their depre
ssions. The oldest inhabitant of the
district ha* never seen anything of the
kind before,
Statistics furnished by the commis
sioner of internal revenue show that
daring the year 1877 nearly 50.000,000
gallons of spirits, 9,902,353 barrels of
ale, beer and porter, and 5,723,000 gal
lons of imported wines, were manufac
tured anil withdrawn for consumption iu
the United Htates. The numl>or of
liqnor-dealers who paid tax was 100,000,
and it is # estimated that the amount of
money annually expended in the United
Btates by consumer* is nearly 8590,000,-
000. This is at the rate of ntiout fifteen
dollars to every man, woman and child
in the country.
It is an odd spectacle to witness scores
of women doing the work of 'longshore
men on the wharves of St. John's, New
foundland. When tho time arrives for
vessels from Southern Europe, Brazil,
West Indies, and elsewhere, to take
aboard their cargoes of salt cod, herring,
etc., tiles of buxom females, with tuakea
np gowns, liarod arms, ami coarse bro
gans, may be seen along the wharves,
carrying flat barrows of fish to and fro.
Each barrow baa four handles, and is
borne by two women. They perform
the same labor as men at this buaiuess.
bat their pay is inferior. Women also
go on the "snmmer voyage" to Ijsbra
dor, anil act generally in the capacities
of "splitters," "saltors," and "headers."
One of tho largest and most expensive
light-houses ever erected by the United
Htates is now in process of construction
of Fowey Rocks, on the northeast ex
tremity of the Florida Reefs. It is three
miles from land, and completes ouo
ehain of similar structures around those
dangerous reefs. It is a peculiarity of
these reefs that they are so precipitous
tliat their locality can scarcely lie dis
covered by the most careful soundings.
This new light-honse is composed
wholly of iron, and its improved methods
of illumination render it, perhaps, the
most perfect in the world. The light
will be visible in clear weather about
eighteen nautical miles, and is composed
of both glass and metallic reflectors,
constructed so as to send a blae of
light along the whole horizon of the
ocean. It ia estimated that this struc
ture will last three or four hundred
years.
The intensity of the late drought iu
Australia may he judged by the simple
calculation unule by the inspector of
stock that in New South Wales
aloue -A.ISM'.tKMI sheep were lost last
year from the effects of the
dry weather. At least another mil
lion must tie added to account for the
losses of this year and for the loaa suf
fered by small holders and others who
were for various reasoua omitted from
the returns. Thus we have 5,000,000
aheep, valued at sl2,soo,<N)oat least, de
stroyed, directly or indirectly, though
the lack of pasturage consequent on th
drought. In 1878 the Australian eol
oniea possessed between them over 45,-
000,000 sheep, of which 20,000.000 be
longed U New Houth Wales. There is
reason to lielieve that in Victoria and
Houth Australia the effects of the
drought were uuite as disastrous sa in
New South Wales, while in Queensland
they were doubly severe. It is not,
therefore, too much to estimate that at
least tlie same proportion of the fl<e<ka
i elsewhere were destroyed as in New
South Wales, and that in Australia alone,
omitting Tasmania and New Zealand,
0,000,000 aheep perish in a single stun
msr.
Mrs. Watson's Boys.
Four great bom in the house and only
oue little four-rear-old girl. It did look
at flrt aight a* if it wan a rather unequal
division of the •' hplp " between father
and mother. Kilt that impreaeion came
from a want of familiarity with the fami
ly habit*
It wan Edward's job to get up in the
morning and make a tire for mother in
the kitchen and dining mom. aud he
thought it no great hardship either. If
Edward ha 1 been a girl, moat likely
mother would hare built the tire herself.
Mother and Milan usually made their ap
pearance down i-ta rs about the same
time, aud aue never had hi aav, a* I have
heard some mothers entreat their daugh
ters: " Now do hurry and set that Üble
as quick sa you ran.'
A* methodically as an old cloek, Silas
wheeled out the table the first thing and
laid the cloth aud plates, as neatly as if
lie had been a bred hotel waiter. Prob
ably he then dallied over a paper a few
minutes until the cheery sound, " Your
breakfast is ready, Silas," greeted him
from the kitcheu. For in the buckwheat
season Silas was the cake-baker for all
the family, so mother could preside at
the table in the usual orderly way. The
good mother knew it was not a very
heartsome thing for a growu boy to Imke
nakea for all the family before he had
brokeu his own fast over taglii. So she
always had something hot and nice fix
ed for him at one end of her big kitchen
table where he oonld eat and chat with
mother, at his leisure, while the other
boys did up the chorea. That was s good
stroke of policy with Mrs. Watson,
and Silas would rrnierulier those morn
ing breakfasts lovingly when he was an
old man. Tiieu he was fresh aud oh eery
and ready to put on the full buckwheat
capacity of the big *tove for the benefit
of the rest. They all knew h •* to take
a turn in the kitchen and put ,i room to
right* upstairs as orderly a* a West
Point cm let could fix tip his quarters.
They were taught from babyhood the
good, soldierly habit of waiting upon
themselves, so that it was very easy to
addon the lemon of waiting upon oth
ers when there was a need for it, and
particularly n|v>n their hard-working
mother. A gnat many girls tre not
half so ready or helpful, the more the
pity! The boys could wash and iron
some, and make a short-cake and pot of
coffee, or cook a steak as well a* the
liest Bridget to be had for money. Thev
were none of them of that class to which
Horaw Greeley referred, where he said
they would " starve to death in the gar
deu of Eden for the want of somebody
to pick the fruit." None of Mrs. Wat
son's bora would be reduced to the
struts a soldier Iwy of my acquaintance
WHS where rations of dry flour were
served out to the men.
" Flow did you oook it ?" I a*ked,
" I mixed it with water, aud salt if I
ha<l it, and then set it on the coals
' until it wa* cooked or burnt, and theu
ate it"
One thing these handy Watsons used
to do fur their mother, which anybody's
children could do where a mother does
her own housework. They always
denied the table nud set away the food
in it* proper place in the pstitrv or cel
lar; thus naving her a'great many miles
of wearv walking in the course of a
< week.
The** bora were not a whit lea* manly
than neighbor*' none who aat toaatmg
4heir lwot* around the Are, while moth
er wearily walked around them, doing
all her work and waiting upon Ahem
besides.
A family thus trained once lived in a
lieantifnl iiomcsted np the Hudson. A
friend was there at a family gathering
when the mother's hair wa* silvered, aud
• "the boys" came home from distant
SIKHICS to this happy meeting. One left
his editorial chair, one bia large whole
sale establishment on Broadway, and
all came from posts of honor and useful
ness. When the feast wa* over, a son
led his mother back to her coxy arm
chair and her guests, while her sons
went merrily to work and "cleared "away
the things and washed np the "dishes"
as in olden times.
A little housework in their boyhood
will not spoil them iu the least. —Rural
Xew Yorker.
Lightning Rode.
I Miring the summer, when thunder
storm* are most common, special ntten
tion should he paid, particularly in ex
posed situations in country pieces, to
the condition of the liglitniug-rods. Tlie
main atom of a copper lightning-con
ductor should never he loss than four
tontlis of an inch in diameter; this di
mension is not sufficient for a building
more than eighty feet high. Galvauized
iron may be used instead of copper, lmt
then the diameter ahonld l>e, at least,
double that of aoopperriMl. A galvanized
iron-rope conductor should never be less
than eight-tenths of su inch in diameter;
a galvanized iron strip should lie four
inches wide ami one-eighth of.an inch
thick. A lightning rod must l>e contin
uous and unbroken from end to end. A
rod need not lie attaches! to a building
by insnlahHl fastenings; metal clamim
may he safely employed, provided the
rod be of good conducting capacity and
otherwise efficient. Alwvo, the rod must
terminate in metal points, well projected
into the air; there ahonld be several of
these points, and all perfectly sharp.
The bottom of the conductor must tie
carried down into the moist earth and be
connected with it by a surface-contact of
largo extent. All large musses of metal
iu H building should be motatyioally con
nected with the lightning-rod, except
when they are liable to Vie occupied by
people dnring a thunder-storm—an iron
oaloonv, for inatance. In such oases it
is twitter not to iiave the iron connected
with tho conductor, for there is -some
risk of persons standing on the baloony
furnishing a path for the lightning to the
rod. The rods ought to be tested each
year to nmkc sure that the oontinnity is
perfect, and the gronnd oonnection sat
isfactory.—New York TYibune.
hPEtKEK* OP THE HOI S!:.
Km lalrrr.ll>! llU.srtrsl Kvtlrw -Whs
lists Or rst'lrd ,br t'fcalr KasUsll lbs
Twrsiv KliMb.
No ixmitivH v wk man has ever filled
the |xMt of Speaker of the House of
lUprosciitalives, while several iucum- j
bent* of the office mar lie ranked aa
among the greatest statesmen iu our
history. It ia uot, however, a poet to
which the bent men of either party ■*-
(lire aud whenever aucb leat men have
taken the office the eveut haa really hap
pened more out of regard to party con
sideration* than to their own deairea. i
The Hpeaker ia so-called on the princi
ple of fucu a mm fuc ndo ; for in the
ordinary meaning of the term he haa no
business to apeak. Perhaps he ia called i
the B|>eaker ttecauae through him aud
by hie leave and under hia license it ia ,
that every one aulmUntially speak* to
hia iellowa. The chair to an active ad
vocate or orator muat always be a ajieeiea
of proacrustean I**l. Mr. Bjeaker muat
fit hia brain and ear* to the capacity of .
the talking member, aud, of course,
continually change hia current of
thought. Hia great relief cornea when
there la a committee of the whole, and
he leave* the chair to aotua student or
amateur in the speakership, aud when
he oaiff heroine in hia turu a talking
member. He is otherwise a aort of
phonograph to the members. They
talk at him, and he may tie called O|K>U
at a moment's notice to repeat or dwell
upon their words.
S|-aker* Stevenaon, Boyd, (Vilf&x and
Blaine held the chair longer in auccea
aion thau any of their predecessors; but
Henry Clay, elected Hjieaker with breaks
I>etween two of bis terma, ia the histori
cal senior of the chair. His first cine
tion was iu 1811, but there are men still
living who remember him as Hiieakcr iu
hia last term (18*23-1825) who, with
knowledge of all aucotwaive Speakers,
say that he discharged the duties of that
high office with unequalled ability, and
was alwavs prompt, dignified ana rigid
in his enforcement of the rules of parlia
mentary decorum. The journals of the
House evidence that some of hia de
cisions were even overruled. Only one
Speaker ever lieaaui* President—Polk—
but several presiding officers, like Blaine
and Hunter, have been before National
Conventions, but only two of these re
ceived Dominations—John Bell, who was
Sjteaker in 1881, and Clay. Another be
came Vice - President Colfax. No
SfH-akers have ever been elected from
Vermont, New Hampshire, Ohio, Dela
ware, Maryland, Alabama, Mississippi,
Louisiana, Illinois, nor any State west
of it. Connecticut hail one Speaker in
the great John Trumbull—at the second
session under the constitution. New
York—that always presents a candidate
—has, however, only had one Speaker,
but dur.ug two different Congresses, in
Juhu W. Tavlor, who was also, like
Clay, an excellent presiding officer, and
did the State much credit in that capac
ity, although more of a politician than
a statesman. The two following S'atea
have also hail each one Speaker—North
Carolina, in that early statesman, Na
thaniel Macon, and Ooorgia in Howell
Cobb.
Of Kentucky Speakers liesides Clay
there wa* John White, who was Speaker
under Trier, and Lnn Boyd. Virginia
ha* also had three Bja-akeri in Philip R.
Barbour (1821); Andrew Stevenson, a
m<>*t popular Sneaker during four suc
cessive term* (1827- 1*35); Rolwrt M. f.
Hunter (1839). and John W. Jones,
M on*achu*-U* has had four Speakers—
Theodore Sedgwick (1798), Joseph B.
Varmint 11807). Robert C. Winthrop
(1847). and Bonks (1856)- t tie lal ter cho
sen after more balloting* than ever were
taken before or have lieen since. To Penn
alyvania are credited two other Speak
ers—besides Randall—Mewa, Frederic
Mnhlenbergh (the fir-t on the illustrious
roll) and Galusha A. Grow. Indiana
lias also furnished three Speakers in
John W. Davis iIH4S), Colfax ami Kerr.
Two Speakers were recruited respective
ly from New Jetsev, South Carolina and
"jhennesaee. In the latter State were
Polk anil Bell—a successful and an un
successful candidate for the White
House. From the Palmetto State Lung
dou Cbeevas for a short session, and
elected when Clay resigned to attend the
peace cougrnas at Ghent: and 'amcm L.
Orr, who afterwards acted as Speaker of
the Confederate Congress, but lived to
become a Grant Minister Plenipotentiary
to Russia aud wa* buried after funeral
marching honors from the seventh regi
ment in this city. New Jersey calls the
roll for Jonathan Dayton, of John Adams'
era, and for William Pennington. Theo
dore M. I'omeroy enjoys the honor of
being a fully elected Speaker during one
day—that of the inauguration of Grant
and Colfax, when the latter took his
breakfast a* a Speaker and dined a* a
Vice President. During the ninety years
of the government—up to the end of Mr.
Randall's term—there have been twenty
eight Speakers.— New York World.
The Epidemic of Drunkenness.
Drunkenucss has been by many Ixv
lieved to be on the in Tease, at any rate
in higher circles. It is enrions to note
that jnst one hundred and fifty years
ago an epidemic of drunkenness seemed
to break out in England. The passion
for gin drinking had got bold of the
masses, and the reonlt was, in London
at least, that increase in the population
was almost wholly checked. Before gin
became popular the consumption of be* r
was enormous. Almost a thin! of the
arable land in the country was devoted
to barlev. In 1088, with a population
of 5.000,000, very nearly 12,500,000 bar
rels of leer were brewed. Dp to this
time onr distilleriea were very insignifi
cant, aud French brandies were far too
dear for the masses. Bnt hatred to
France led to the ouooaragoment of
home distilling; the trade was thrown
open, and iu KHJ9 the importation of
foreign spirits wa* absolutely prohibit*. 1.
The gin-drinking began, and in 1735 the
British distilleries manufactured nearly
5,500,000 gallons. <Jin-cellars, where
men could get "drunk for a ueuny,
dead drunk for two pence, and have a
straw for nothing, "abounded. Hogarth's
"Beer Htreet" is bad enough, but bis
"(Jin-Lane" ia ao horrible tnat, but for
ooutemporary descriptions, we should
deem U an exaggeration. Legislation
endeavored to check the evil, bnt laying
on a heavy dntv merely produced a great
deal of illicit distilling. The consump
tion arose to more than 11,000,000 gal
lons, and Fielding prophesied that "if
the drinking of this poison is continued
at it* present height for the next twenty
years, there will be very few of the com
mon people left to drinx it. The I.on
iion (Quarterly Review.
II ow the Hair is Worn.
The hair is worn very much lower.
It no longer is dishevelled, but IH laid
in more orderly fashion on the forehead
iu small natural waves or curls. It is
Krted, and the large square chignon
gins half way back and spreads itself
downward to the neck, almost as low ss
the ostogsn braid. Handsome combs
with balls are worn, whioh, when the
hat is flaring, make an inside ornament
With this style of head-dress narrow
bands of ribbon are worn aronnd the
head set close to the chignon, with a
rosette or bow on one side. Instead of
these, bands are worn in the evenings,
gold or jewelled bands for fall-dress, or
else large gold-headed pins, stuck at
irregular intervals in the hair.
TKRMH: &2.00 a Year, in Advance.
The Pirate King.
The name seems t> have been justly
earned by Kydd. He waa a native of
London, and waa born, as nearly aa ami
be aaoertained by vague records, in the
year 16iM. From boyhod he evinced a
fondness for the sen, and ran away from
ins home to ship as cabin Iwy, when he
waa hut thirteen years of age. From
that position he lieoanie the most notori
ous pirate that ever plowed the am in
search of plunder, lie waa an excellent
navigator, a good disciplinarian, and a
moat plauaiblis man. He waa thus en
abled to interest William of Orange, a
prince who waa uotad fur hia cupidity,
and who waa thau on the throne tif
England, in his schemes. He repre
sented to the king that he should sub
serve the cause of religion and commerce
by giving him a free commission to sail
the seas sud rid them of pirates. To
this William acceded.
Once fairlg embarked Kvdd acknowl
edged no master but bimaelf, no purpose
but to rob and steal all that he could,
no responsibility to either God or man.
Ostensibly be was to clear the seas of
pirate*, with which at that tire they
were hifested, but he robbed aud plun
dered indiscriminately, until it baa been
estimate 1 that he jxsiaeaaed himself of
over tweuty million of dollars. This
treasure he buried aomewhere on the
coast of New England or New York.
Portions of this wealth have been dis
covered, but not mow than one-tenth
of what the daring buehaneer secreted.
He not only attacked other piratical
vessels, but also robbed regular traders
and merchant ships of all nations, and
upon all sea*. The authority which
Aral commissioned him strove in vain to
recall him. He would acknowledge
uo authority whatever but scoured the
acas in an unscrupulous career of rob
bery and murder, until hia name became
a terror to all navigators, attacking
Spanish galleons, Portngues fellow
curaairs, and the very merchant ships of
England, for whoa* protection he had
been originally employed.
Kydd filled hia ship to the fnll with
ludiau treasure* and African gold and
Spanish dollars. For five or aix years
he was master of the ocean, accumula
ting enormous treasure*. Early in hia
career he had quarreled with the Earl of
Bellamout about a woman, and bad
male that powerful noble, then gover
nor of New York and Massachusetts, a
bitter enemy. The latter person hear
ing that Kydd had murdered hia boat
swain, made strenuous efforts to arrest
him, in which he was finally soeoeasfnl,
aud brought him to justice in the year
1701, when he was hanged in chains at
Executive Dock in London.
A Kiilroad Round the Werld.
The following outline of a colossal
railroad scheme ia advanced by a Missis
sippi correspondent of the leiuiaville
Omrirr-Journal:
"There is a greet railroad, which, if j
it can be built, will eclipae all other eu
terprises in that lino, and will be the
grandest railroad in the world, connect
ing the old aud new world, and thus
avoiding all the dangers of the Atlantic
ocean. My road will connect the Ameri
can continent with Asia and Europe.
Just think of it! A railroad from Wash
ington city to St Petersburg, with only
forty miles of water between these great
cities of the new and old world.
"Mr plan ia for the UnitctPStates,
Great Britain and Russia, or the capital
ists of these great countries, to construct
this road. Let the road be built to some
foint on the line between Washington
erritory and the British Possessions;
aar, where the Columbia river run* into
Washington Territory. Then let Eng
land, or English capitalists, build the
road through New Georgia to the point
where the Youean river runs into Alaska,
and then through Alaska to Cape Prince
of Wales on Behring Strait; then let
Russia, or the company, composed of
the great capitalists of the old and new
world, construct the road from East
Cape, or Behring Strait, to Su Peters
burg. Passengers and freight can be
carried from Cape Prince of Wale*.
America, to Ea-t Cape, Asia, directly
opposite and only forrir miles apart, in
splendid steamers, built and put there
for that purpose, and owned by thia
great company. Would not thia be
grand! Just imagine a triptfrom America
to Asia and Europe, aeated in splendid
car*, with land under you and risible all
the way, except forty miles—about as
far as from Dover to Calais.
" If this great rood could be built the
danger of the stormr Atlantic would be
avoided, and hundreds and thousands of
noble men, women and children would
be almost annually saved, as well as
millions of tressu re."
Heartrending Scene* of Squalen
According to a New York paper,
there are instances of Buffering of an
actually horrible character that have
come within the knowledge of almoat
all the fifty phyaiciana employed a* a
sixvial aanitnry corpn under the local
board of health." On the very first day
of hit round one of these physicians dis
covered the dead body of a woman in a
close room on the fourth floor of a Mul
berry street tenement. She had died
without medical attendance, and, being
friendlee* and unattended, without be
ing reported to the authorities, the
body had lain there during four terribly
hot day* before it w** removed. Death
alone and unattended ha* horrors pe
culiar to itaelf, but conld scarcely be
greater or more real than the tlifteaA#
Hpread among a hundred families by
the continued and contaminating pres
ence of the dead body.
The same physician on the following
day fonnd the dead body of a babe in a
yard on Water street A health officer
finding sewer gas present for which he
was unable to account, kicked a board
out of a cellar partition and was over
powered by the ru*h of the gaa, which
nad long been confined and filled the
cellar, escaping through the crevice* to
such an extent a* to poison the whole
neighborhood. Isolated instanoee of
this sort, which rarely attract public
attention, go far to show the extent and
character of the suffering which ia nn
dergoue even by those who can hardly
be classed as the very poor. The hard
ship is often greater to the working,
self-supporting man and his family than
it ever is to the criminal poor.
Hemes for Inebriate Women.
A number of the leading ladies of Chi
cago are meditating a plan for the found
ing of a home for Inebriate women, simi
lar to the Washington Home in that
city. One of the female directors in the
latter institution, who has had a wide
opportunity for observation, says that
there are oonstant applications from
women for admission there; bnt that,
among so many men, they cannot be re
ceived. Most of tne applicants are ig
norant, ooarse, vicious, though not a
few are from the better walks of life,
having acquired such a love of Honor
that their reformation is difficult. Their
drinking is ascribed largely to physi
cians' recommendation of liquor as a
stimulant to their feminine patients, on
whom the habit thus becomes fixed. It
is asserted that many women occupying
high positions in Chicago often sppear
in . society helplessly intoxicated, and
that a number of merchant's wives al
! ways keep liquor near them, and are
I regular drunkards.
NUMBER :14.
riK*. UAKIMtK A*l> HOIHKHUI.iI
A liMd I Iqsl* HWUM.
A Baltimore florist scuds the Boston
Journal of ChomMrp the following for
mula for a liquid manure tor flowrra
The material* may oe bad at any black
amitii ahop:
•• Put one bushel of the clipping* from
horaea' hoof* into a barrel, and 611 it
up with water. led it stand for a week,
when it ia ready tor uae. Apply it with
a watering pot. All bedding pianta can
be watered with thia liquid erery other
day, it they are pot-bound; newly-re
potted pianta should be watered one* a
week until they hare plenty of working
ruuU to take np the manure. It will
also be found excellent for bard-wooded
pianta if uaed ouoe or twice a week.
Two or three weeks after the pianta
hare been watered with the manure, the
foliage generally changes from green to
a goidru yellow, moring from the "tern
down to' the point of the leaf, which,
however, laeta only for a few weeks,
when it changes to a dark glossy green.
Pianta under this watering grow ™7
strung; the flower* are eery large and
bright in color. Plants thus treated aati
be kept in eery small pota for a long
time without being transplant™!. This
ia especially advantageous to the mar
ket gardener, who can aell his pianta in
three or four inch pota, while he would
hare to ahift them into fire and six inch
if he uaed rich soil alone. Flowers wat
ered with thia liquid manure will bring
twenty-fire per cent, more than other
wise; beside*, being small pota, they
are lighter, can be packed elaeer, and
are easier to be handled. The fertiliser
ia not a stimulant, but a plant food, and
plants that are waU-red with it, if plant*
ed out, will continue growing and kept
in good growth, which cannot be aaid of
guauo. It ia aa powerful aa guano, aa
quick in action, and more lasting.
'• It will not do the slightest harm to
the foliage; most other liquid manures
spoil the foliage when they oome in ooo
tact with it. It forma no crust on the
pota or soil. It ia cheaper than any
other good fertilizer which ia uaed in
liquid form. The chips need be renewed
or replaced only twice a year, while the
water can be withdrawn erery dar. I
filled a barrel last October, using all the
water it holds erery day, and I shall aot
ttn.t it neoeaaary to renew the chip* be
fore May or June. When liquid guano
it uaed too strong, it will cause the
plants to drop ail their leaves. This
liquid manure will not, even if used
once or twice a day for a short time."
liutr Of H-I far Hat
Two very important but widely differ
ent tbwnM are entertained by the farm
er* of tlie United Hut.a in regard to the
influence of domestication or cultivation
of plant*. One ia that the natural remit
of cultivation ia degeneration, and thuae
who uphold it point to every failure
of an old variety aa proof, never credit
ing poor, wurn-ont soils, or neglect in
cultivation, aa having any influence be
yond hardening the tune when the aort
under OOUHl deration would never fail. A
much amaller number "f agriculturists,
but probably more intelligent, bold that
univeraal progreaiuon ia a natural law.
and that degeneration ia but the reeult
of ignorance and neglect. We believe
that the latter is the more reasonable of
the two theories, aa in accordance with
what ia known o# the origin and present
condition of the vanoua fruit*, grain,
and other cultivated plant*. Therefore,
we advise the eeleetioo of the beat of
everything for aeed, not only beceuae it
ia important that the present standard
should be maintained, but that a still
further advance be made whenever and
wherever possible. The farmer who
desires to produce better wheat next
veer than this, will not wait until all thf
'present crop ia harvested and put in a
bin, good sad bad together, before
•electing his aeed for the next crop; but
he will pick out the beet acre or mora,
and preserve it separately for the pur
pose named.
It ia seldom that a field at grain of
any considerable extent ia uniformly
good. There will be good spats, and
very poor one*, and it ia easy to gather
the beat and keep it for aeed, while the
poorest goes to the null. The same
should be done with all kinds of grain,
aa well as fruits and vegetables that are
raised from aeed. By selection there ia
a possibility of farther progression, and
not otherwise; and a man who once
begins to practice it will not only learn
to observe, but will eventually become e
i much better and more careful cultivator.
In fact, he will soon become imbued
with pregressive ideas, and learn that it
is just as easy and more profitable to go
ahead than to lag behind.—JVw York
Sun.
As Kaaltab **rlMul Pana.
Tbf famous R"glih cipcriiDNitil farm
of Rjtbamsted, one thousand fertile
acre* in Hertfordshire, twenty-five milea
from London on the Midland Rail war,
is described by Professor Sillunan, who
ha* recently visited it Jfci Rennet
Lawea inherited the property in 18S4, a
fine old English estate, with its park of
oaks and ancient mansion, and for nearly
half a century, in company with Dr. J.
H. Gilbert and a large oorpe of assist
ants, Mr. Lswee hsa devoted himself to
agricultural chemistry on a large scale;
he has also set apart a fund of £IOO,OOO
and a section of land for the continuance
of these investigations after he is gone.
The purpoae is to discover what crops
are beet for different soils, what fertil
isers will beat assist their growth, and to
experiment on such a scale, both as to
arm and time, that the fundamental
principles of farming may be made as
plain and sure as those of any other
business. In 1855 Mr. Lawes was pre
sented with a laboratory by public sub
scription, and there Dr. Gilbert end s
considerable staff of assistants have been
at work ever since, superintending ex
periments, making and applying ma
nures, and analysing soils and crops.
Thirteen acres of wheat have been under
experiment in plata for thirty-live years,
nd grass, oats, potatoes and other crops
nearly as long. The results of this long
and careful investigation have establish
ed that barnyard manure can only carry
the production of hay to a limit about
half the maximum that can be reached
with mineral manures alone, which have
produced five and a half tons to the
acre. On nnmsnnred land the farm
yields fourteen bushels of wheat to the
acre, but with barn van! manure the
vield has risen to thirty five bushels,
which is as well as the mineral manures
can da
The Sauce of Hunger.
There is no such sauce for giving a
relish to foot! as the sauce of hunger.
The late Amos Lawrenoe was compelled
by a disease of the atomaoh to eat simple
food, and that in small quantities. A
pair of small scales stood upon his
writing-desk in his private library. On
this he weighed his food, that he might
not overload his stomach. He was al
wavs hungry, and always enjoyed his
food. Writing to Dr. Hopkins, then
president of Williams College, he thus
describes his delight in the small amount
of simple food he was permitted to eat:
"If your young folks want to know
the meaning of epicureanism, tell them
to take some bits of coarse bread (one
ounce and a little more), sOak them
in three gills of coarse meal gruel, and
make their dinner of them and nothing
else, beginning very hungry, and leav
ing off more hungry. The food is de
licious, and such as no modern epicure
anism can equal."
Items r litarwU
Wu-fare—eoldiars rations.
Carpenters do ooun tar-fitting.
A lighthouse—A alim aadiaooa.
Volcanoes are not am AT* miles deep.
The gardener's ditty—Bart wot **
ma.
The world nare 480,000 torn of coffee a
yaar.
A first-rate article for the teeth—
Food.
Too cannot net the rim oo fire with •
rowing match.
A flimriabiog man. The profaaaor of
The flrrt doty on T—Don t forgot to
cross it,
A I<tig-beaded man ia not apt to bo
heed-bug.
Water spouts seldom hut laager than
thirty winatee.
Women flnrt appeared oo the etago ia
Englaad in 1661.
The Blank Hilln region proper oerete
6,000 square mi lea.
A) way• pot up something for a rainy
i day—An umbrella, for inetaaee.
"This moat be looked into," aa the
young lady aaid to the mirror.
The train ia like the naughty boy, be
cattae the twitch nhangea ita eoona.
What aaa paaa before the 808 withont
limiting a ahedow f—The wind.
What kind of traetne-oaper doee a
man uae when retracing hit atepa f
The entire sea-coast line of the globe
amount* to abont 186,000 miles.
Although animala eaanot apeak, we
hare often beard of mooaa atelinng.
Why ia a dkbonaat bankrupt like an
honest poor man 1 Because they fail to
get rich.
If your foot ia aaleep, do not be
alarmed; the poet telle na that the aonl
ia not dead that slumber*.
Narrow not your mind to your own
in Iriihnrr" but give it a broad field for
rour fellow-men to work in.
Punctuation was first used ia lit
erature in IMO. Before that time
rsi M .riifcMfhlllPltU Wff f'| *ltt' tiff ilfct?
llllA
The power which the toed has of in
flating m* body ia a power of defense,
to prevent the possibility of hie being
■wallowed by snakes.
It takes a mighty old man to know
more than the stripling who swaggers
along with hi* hat on the side of his
head thinks be knows.
Etglea have been carefully timed, end
found to fly at the rate of one hundred
and forty miles m an hour, and the hawk
exceeds even tide speed.
The difference between ladies end
docks—if there is any diflereoee-m that
Mies are often dressed to kill, while
ducks are killed to dress.
A locksmith, wboee name was Oeeee,
placed the figures of several of these
birds upon his sign, thus showing that
he was too smart to be called a goose.
There never did end there never will
exist northing permanently noble and
excellent Tthidiarecter which is a
stranger to, the existence oi a resolute
self-denial
It has been calculated that about 100,-
000 boatmen are employed on toecanala
of England and Wales, that 70,000 wo
men live in them, and the children found
afloat make up a total population of
nearlv hdf a million No women or
children are allowed to live in canal
busts in either Sootland or Ireland.
The diameter of the sun is 770,800
geographical miles, or 113 tunes greater
taan the diameter at the earth; the
volume ia 1 >07.124 tune. hs* of the
earth, and 000 time, greater than aU toe
planets together; its mam 3M.551
Übh greater than tha earth, aod 788
times greater than that at all the planet*.
A single spot seen upon its surface has
lieen estimated to extend over . - ,000
miUs in diameter, and a cluster of spato
have been estimated to include aa area
of 3,780.000 miles.
XT roetT YUM.
ff1.1,,S -*
/h, wt.it her tiavs thy ted?
Velvet afaeak, and dswey Hp.
And (otdsß head.
Boss, sad Mourn, sad Unto,
Hur+vm. sad Mrd-ww* • gate—
A deed oe dr* Elysiao
vusoe.
Too lovely to last,.
Drearily tfas wavsa
Of the Dark Blew low.
Had their under tone on all
The wind* thai blow.
Uoae, sud Mooca. end Weda
Sur-evee. sad bird-song • gash—
When bda are tall at tsars
The heart eo long* aravee :
For, efisr forty yvara.
We only trved ihrongh graves!
(ommaadera af toe railed States
Armies.
A Washington dispatch says; Colonel
Joseph C. Audenrwd, aida-de-camp to
General Sherman, has nearly completed
making a collection of portraits of each
officer who baa commanded the army of
the United States. The collection is
now complete with the exception of
Lieutenant Colonel Josiah Banner and
Major General James Wilkinson, and
Qilnpff Andeureid ia making every effort
to discover relatives and descendants of
these officers, ia the hope that their por
trait* ma? b* aided to oomplot® tb
pictorial Set of the heeds of toe army.
The following ia a list of the office.',
who have oommeaded the army since
1778, with the deles of command aa far
aa can be ascertained from the official
reports still in existence:
Major General Georga Washington,
Jane 15, 1775, to December 28, 1783.
Major General Henry Knox, Decem
ber 23, 1783, to June 20, 1784.
Lisa tenant Colonel Josiah Harmer,
General-in-Chief by brevet, September,
'I7BB. to March, 1791.
Major General Arthur St. Clair,
March. 1791. to March, 1792.
'Major General Anthony Wayne,
March, 1792, to December 15, 1796.
Major General James Wilkinaou, De
cember 15, 1796. to July, ITW.
Lieutenant General George Washing
ton, July, 1798, to hia.death, December
14, 1799.
Major General James Wdkineou
(again), June, 1800, to January. 1812.
Major General Heerv Dearborn, Janu
ary, 1812, to Jane, 1815.
1 Major General Jaeob Brown, June,
! 1816, to February 24, 1828.
Ma jar General Alexander Macomb,
May. 1828, to June. 1841. i t>
I Major General Winfield Scott (Brevet
Lieutenant General), June, 1841, to
November 1, 1861.
Major General George Brenton Mo-
Clellan, November i, 1861, to March 11,
1862. w _ „ .
Major General Henry W. Halleck,
I Jnly 11, 1862, to March 12, 1864.
Lieutenant General U. 8- Grant,
March 12, 1864, to Jnly 25, 1866, and aa
General to March 4,1869.
General W. T. Sherman, sinoe March
4,1869.
At one period, between 1784 and 1789,
while the entire army aa organised oon
sis tad of a. Ismail oorps of artillery, the
oorpa was commanded a captain.
Taking their Pictures.
One of the last acts of the Berlin
peace congress was the regulation of its
expression. Prinoe Bismarok, at the
dose of a sitting, requested the dele
gates to retain their seats for a few sec
onds and then gave an order to his son.
Count Herbert left the half and in a
moment reappeared with a gentleman in
blaek, who, bowing to the diplomatists,
said in broken French, "Gentlemen, I
have received the honorable commission
of taking a portrait of a sitting of the
! congress. I ask you, therefore, to keep
▼ourselves for several instants in s quiet
and easy position." The members
laughed at the exhortation, but re
mained quiet in oorupliance with his
wishes. Professor Von Werner, the
artist, charged by the municipality of
Berlin to paint, in honor of the his tori -
: cal event, a large picture of the oongress,
( had already sketched the features of
1 most of the members, who willingly
! granted him the desired sittings. The
, picture is to be placed in the Fairy Hall
1 of ths Mansion House.