Sleeping I/ove.
Within a forest. a* I strayed
Fftr down * semt-er autumn glade,
I found the pod of lewe;
Hl* bow ftnd arrow* cast atd*.
Hi* lovely *nn extended wide,
A depth of IPTM hove.
Between o'w-ftrrlimg Kmgh* ho made
A place for *lee-p in russet nhs.le.
Hi* lip*, mom re.l than any TO**.
Wore like ft flower tli*t overflow*
With honey pur* and sweet;
And, clurtcring round tli*t tendor month,
Th* golden 'POX m ongrr drouth
riiod busy wings *nd Hot;
They kin , ~n every lover know*.
There'* no *noh"honey -bloom tkftt blow*.
The Revenge of Rain-tn-thc-Farc.
In that desolate land and lone.
Where the lhg Horn and Yellowstone
lvoar down their mountain path,
Ry their tire* the Siou* chiefs
Muttered Uieir woe* and grief A
And the menace of their wrath.
•' Revenge 1" cried Rain-4n-the-Paoe,
" Revenge ni*>n all the rage
Of the white chief with yellow hair
And the mountain* dark and high
Kroin their crag* ne-echoad the cry
Of hi* anger and despair.
la the meadow, spreading wide
By woodland and nvrr aide
• The Indian Milage stood ;
All wa* ulent a* a dream.
Save the rushing of the stream
And the blue jay m the wood.
In hi* war paint and hi* head*,
lake a bi*ou among the tee.l*.
In aint-u-h the Sitting Bull
l,ay with threw Uionsaud hravr*
Owdwd in the cleft* and caves.
Savage, uu merciful'
Into the fatal snare
The white chief with yellow hair
Aud his three hundred lueu
Bashed headlong, sword m hand ;
But of that gallant l>aud
Not ou* returned agaitu
The sudden darkness of death
OverwhemMd them, like the breath
And smoke of a furnaee fire ;
Ity the fiver * l<a:ik. and Wlwweu
The rocks of the ravine.
They lay in their bloody attire.
Bat the foetuau fled m th* night.
And !lain-lu-tl.e-> ace, la his Slight.
I'phfted high in air
A* a ghastly trophy bore
The brave heart, that twat no more.
Of the white chief with yellow hair.
Whose was lh right and the wrong ?
Sing it. oh, ft n* *1 song '
With a voice that is full of tears.
And say that our trokrn faith
Wrought all tin* ruin and scathe.
In the Year of a Hundred Years.
- fttiry H. Lcm^rWoir.
TEN MINUTES LATE.
In '52 there wasn't a likelier fellow on
the line than George Kirke.
He was the eon of a poor man, and his
mother was dead. Hie father was a
continued invalnl of the rheumatic
order, and Gev-rge played the dutiful son
to liim in away that would astonish the
young men of UKhy.
Scuuehow, nobody knew exactly how,
George li.-il mauagt-d te> pick up a g<*i
education, and he iunl polishtxl it off, a.
to spe-xk, I y a two years' course at a
corume-rcial college.
Kirke he-gun ou the Stony Hill rail
r-.iad when he was at*>nt twenty-one e>r
two years ohl. First, he wu* a brakes
man. Tliia railway buaiuem is a regular
sucoaaaieen. and, generally sjx-akiug. *
man has to work lus way up. It ain't
often that he ge !•* right up to the eiiirtuty
of a conducteir at one step, with tlie
chanoeto psx-ke-t t-u-c< nt scrips, and witli
the privilege of helpmgaU the gessl-Us.k
icg ami well-dressed ladies out <f the
cars, au.l letting the homely ones, w.th
babies and bandboxes in their aruis,
stumble out as 1-eat they may.
George did his duty so well that he
was soon pre: noted to fireman, and, after
he had 'earn. J the workings of the ma
chine, he was made eng neor and given
an engine.
Tins engine was one ..f the newest nnd
best on the line, and was called the Fly
away, and George WHS mighty proud ..f
her, you may well believe.
I tell you, sir, your true engineer—
one as is out and out for the business,
and feels his responsibility—takes as
much pr.de in his engine as the jockev
iloes in his favorite ratvhoree, and would
sit up nights, or neglect swe.-thetert. to
keep the lin.ss.-s and filagrees of lus
machine se.'s you could se-e your fiu-e ia
'em.
There WHS an ithcr man wanted
George's chan-e. Tic-re's generally more
than one ;-ft-r every paring job.
Jack Hxlliilav h.i-1 bce-n waiting for
some time to 1M? engineer of the Flyaway,
and when he l-..st it he wna mad enough
to pull hair. He was a brakesman, like
wise, and had beu on the r-ail tail two
rear* longer than Kirke,and it would seem
that the chance really belonged to him,
yet he was a quarrelsome, disagree able
fellow, with independence enough to
have set an emperor up iu business aud
still have had some left.
When Jack realized tliat George had
got the insidv track <>f hiin, hia auger w.u
at white heat. He cursed Kirke, and
cursed the company and old Whately, the
Buprtiutendent, and things generally,
until it seenu-d a pity that there was not
something else to curse, lie was in such
fine cursing order.
There was more than one thing which
made John Halliduy down on George
K'rke. George hail been his rival in many
respects,and particularly where the fairer
creation was concerned. George was a
great favorite with the girls, for lie was
handsome, and generous, and g<**l-nn
tured, and Jack was sarcastic, and always
on the contrary side, and the girls avoid
ed him, as they always should such a
man.
We always expected that ill would come
to George, from Jack's bad blood against
him, and we warned him more than once,
but he always laughed, and reminded us
of the old saw that "barking dogs seldom
bite," which is true in the main.
And, as the time went on. until two,
three, four months had passed since
Kirke's promotion, and nothing occurred,
we forgot all about our apprehensions of
evil, and if we thought of the matter at
all, we thought we had wronged Halli
day by our suspicions.
It was a dark night in November, with
considerable fog in the air, and strong
appearances of rain.
I was at Golosbft, the northern ter
minus of our road, looking after some
repairs on a defective boiler, ami I was
going down to New York on the 7:50
train—Kirke's train.
About seven there came a telegram from
old Whately, whose summer residence
was nearly midway between Golosh a and
New York, and the old heathen had not
yet forsaken it for the city. The tele
graph operator came into the engine
house where Kirke was at work—ff>r he
was always at work—and read it to him.
Kirke made a note of it in his pocket
book.
Pay train on the line. Will meet yon
just west of Leeds at 10:15. Shunt on
to the siding at Deering's Cut, and wait.
WHATELY.
KirkeVwatch hung on a nail beside the
clock. It was a fancy of his always to
hang it there when he was off the train,
so that he amid make no mistake in the
time.
He glanced at the clock, and from it to
his watch. Both indicated the same
hour—7:ls.
"7:15," Bftid Kirke, meditatively, "and
we leave at 7:50, and the pay train meets
us at Deering's Cut at 10:15" Scant time
to make the run in this thick weather,
but it must be managed."
And. he turned away to give some
brief or.l ~ r to the fireman.
jack H diidav WM there—he had been
trolling in and out of the room for the
FKKH. KUHTZ, IMitor una 1 Vopriotoi
VOLUME X.
past half hour, smoking a cigar, and
swearing at the bn.l weather. Ilia tram
did Hot leave until near midnight, a,> ho
had plenty of time to swear.
W'e nil wont to tlio hor and t.s-k a
Ksik at tlie weather, and unanimously
voted tt deuced lad, and Uien wo walked
up aud down tlio platform, and smoked
our after-supper cigars, and by the time
we wore through it was t niefertile tin ui
hands to be getting mt<> their place*,
ltotli the clock in the engine room and
Ktrke's watch indicated 7 40.
Kirko was putting lus watch in lus
pocket as he said r
" liarth, arc yon going with me on
the Flyaway ?"
•• N>, think v.-," said I, " I got enough
of that sort of thing in my every-dny
life. 1 am going to tloa little swell busi
noss to night, and take passage in the
palace car. Want to re*t my back.
Gvssl night to ye, and hold her in well
round lvvkv Bottom curve. The roud
lx\l'* a little shaky."
"Aye, ave, sir'" rescinded Kirke,
and swung himself to lus |H>*itioii ou the
Fly aw a v.
I'Ue bell rang I scrambled to mi
iMiupartnient m the Pullman and felt
horridly out of place among the silks and
broadcloths and smells of musk. Hut 1
was in for " first-class." ami wade the
1 est of it so effectually that five minutes
after Gibson, vho fancies he owns all
creation Ixvauso he has got a silver iMffin
plate OU lus breast with " Cotiductor " Oil
it, iiad sh >uted : " All ulsvird 1 was
sound asleep.
What oecurred in other quarters to
affect tlie fate of K i ke's train, 1 learned
afterward.
Old AVhatcly. the superintendent of
the road, as 1 gtn ss I have already said,
had a country r> -sidenoe in le-eds, ou a
mountain spur, which conmnunii-d a view
of the surrounding count v for more than
a score of miles. The line > f the rail
way could 1K distinctly seen in each di
rection fifteen miles, ami AVhatcly was
wont to say his lookout was worth mvirc
to tin* safety of tnuus than all tlie tele
grsph wires ou the line.
W lu'tcly was a rich old buffer, kind
enough m his way, but sharp as a ferret
in I>s>king after the road hands, ami de
teruuued that every man should do his
duty.
He hail but one child, a daughter;
and Floss AVhatcly was tlie Ivelle of the
country. Sh< wi-s hrtoe, beautiful and
spirited, an I more than once, when her
father had Infra away, lual sic assumed
tlie n sjxinsibility of directing the trams,
and she had always acquitted herself
with credit.
Old Whatelv was very proud of her,
as he hail a right to le, and he kept all
the young fellows at a distance, until it
was said that he intended keeping h s
daughter single till the czar of all the
Kussias came on to marry her.
This night in November, old Wbately
and Floss were out on the piazza of their
country home, peering tliroiigh tlie
gloom and fog for tlie Goh*-ha tram,
which was nearly due.
*• It's verv strange it doesn't come in
sight !" sa d Whately, hiving down his
night glass in disgust. "It is hard oil
to ten now I They ought to show their
light round Spruce poml by this time !"
" You t -legrnphed them, father? Y-u
let tiiein know the pay train was on the
road ?" asked Floss.
"To lie sure. And, good heavens!
there is the headlight of the pay train
now ! S,e! not b-n miles away, and
ranting like the deuce, us it always
does!"
He pointed with trembling ftngei
down to the valley g >rge, w here, far
away, a mere speck in t!ie gloom, could
be seen a light, scarcely iflovii.g it s, <->u
ed, but those anxious watchers k;.- w u
was approaching at lightning spe I.
Father ami daughter lis.ktxi at e.ich
other.
The truth was evident. F->r s irno
reason the train from G >loeha w is ten
minutes behind time, and it would not
reach the siding at l)cering"s (' it until
the pay train had iw.ss.-d beyond on to
the sing',.* track .' An 1 tin mi? AViiv, b>
read tinder the head of "Appalling
Railway Disaster!" anil a few more
homes would be rendered desolate, and
a few men- hearts would be made to
mourn.
Father ftnd daughter looked at each
other in ilismav.
•' 11 there time ? " askevl the old man,
tremblingly.
"S-!-:n can do it," --ai i Floss, quickly.
"If I can reach I>sl* five ininut-s be
foe the train—yes, two minutes—all
will W wel!.* 1 >.• not stop me, father !"
as he laid u hand ou her arm.
"Hiit you must u.♦ go! It is iLark
and dismally lonely ' No, Floss !"
" I shall go, father ! Selim knows
only me, and yon could not ride him. I
have ridden darker nights. And he is
the only hop.-- iii the stable ! Don't yon
rememljer ? Tlie others were sent to
town vesterdnr."
lb-fore old Whntely could stop her,
-he had ordered the h'iStier to -addle
Selim, and she was already buttoning
on her nding habit with rapid, nervous
fingers.
The horse came pawing to the
door. Fioss sprang into the saddle,
leaned down and kissed her father's fore
head.
"Pray Heaven to sped incl" she
cr-.f-d, hoarsely, and touching the horse
with her whip, lie Isiuihled down the
sharp declivity.
It was raining steadily now, and the
gloom was intense; but Selim was used
to the ron 1, and lie was sure footed and
his rider courageous. She urged him
on at the top of his speed, up hill and
down, through Pine vdley and over
Pulpit hill, and then she struck njw.ii
the smooth road whi-h stretched away
to Lee<ls, two miles, as straight an an
arr< >w.
She could see the headlight on the pay
train far down the valley, distinctly now,
and to her excited fnncv it seerne I but a
stone's throw away. She even thought
for a moment that she heard the grind of
the wheels on the iron track, but, no 1
it was only the soughing of the wind in
the pines.
Oa, and still on she went. Selim
seemed to fly. One might have fancied
that he knew his rnistr.HS was on an
errand of life and death. The lights of
the station were in view -nay, she even
saw the station master's white lantern as
he strolled up ami down the platform—
the white lantern which was to signal
the approaching train—to tell them to
go on, for all was well. On to their
doom !
She dashed across the railway track,
flung the reins to an amazed bystander,
aud, striking the white lantern from
the hand of the astonished official, she
seized the ominous red lantern from its
book, and *pringing upon the track,
waved it in the very teeth of the coining
train.
Two sharp, rhort whistles told her that
her signal was seen, and a moment later
the train came to a stop, and the officers
rushed out to learn what it all meant.
Floss told them in a few brief words,
ami one of the men at the station went
forward to confer with the traiu from
Goloshn, which had not yet been tele
graphed from the next station beyond.
The man waited fifteen minutes before
Kirke's train slid on to the siding, and it
was then known that but for the decision
of one young girl, the two trains must
have collided four miles beyond Deer
ing's Cut.
When told the story Kirke looked at
his watch,
Thfc man from the station looked at
i his.
THE CENTRE REPORTER.
Kirkc's wa* t- u minutes In hit! I time
You want t-> know how it happened
(Vila nlv you must have gnoss.-,i 11.. lii
day did it. \ 11 ill Was found the Ileal
dav who confessed to have seen Jaek
tampering with tlie time pievv* in the
engine house that night, but be had
thought nothing of it, he sank
Jack? Oh, lie left town, and was last
hoard of m Australia His little gatm
was not a success.
Y few months later, Kirke was marrn d
to Floss AVhatcly, for I'ciug ten minutes
belaud time.
Thoughts for Saturday Night.
Lingering lalsirs i>>me to naught.
Dull not ilevi v by coldness and delay.
The steps of faith fall on the seeming
void, and find the risk beneath.
A eli-orful face is nearly asgissl for an
invalid as healthy weather.
Though fame is smoke, its fumes are
frankincense to human thoughts.
lie ouly is un acute observer who can
ol>s. rvc minutely without l'iug ob
servevl.
Faith is th< i *it of tdl g.ssl works. A
rimt that produces nothing i> dead.
Let ltd fear t! e worst, but w.-rk with
faith ; the best will always take care of
itself.
The projwr means of increasing the
love we Uar our imtive country i to rc
si.lc iii a foreign one.
l'hdesophy is a un-dest prifmie i; it
is all reality and plain dealing. We hate
solemnity and pretence, with nothing
but pride at the tsittotu.
The pleasure of tx-ing master of oue'a
self ami of one's passions should 1h- bul
an.ssl with that .if controlling tliem; it
will rise alsive, if we know wlist is
lilH-rtv.
PcrHeverauce merits neither blame nor
pr.is ; it ;s only the duration of our in
clinations and sentiments, which we can
neither create nor extinguish.
The most jsisitive men are the m.ist
crevluh us, since they must ln-lieve tlieni
selvea, and aflvi-c most with their falsest
tlatt.Ter au.l tiieir worst enemy, their own
self-love.
Perseverance is one of the primitive
impulses of the human heart; one of the
iuilivisthle primary faculties or sentt
Hu nts which give directi oi to the eliar
a.'ter of man.
AVhenever yon commend, add your
reas .us for doing so; it i* this which dis
tinguishes the upproluition of a man of
sense from the flattery of sycophant* and
admiration of fools.
The love of country produces good
manners, and g<*sl manners als. > produce
the love of country. Tlie less we satisfy
our particular passion*, the more we
leave to our general.
Why Mr Hid N.fi Take It.
The following anecdote of the late
fVmstor Ny- is t. Id by the Virginia City
Nev /.'lift 17 iw .•
"lb wa* telling us inci lent* fa jour
ney to Europe, from which he had then
just i. tun el. Aui-tig the r. t, h> nai l
the Hulttiu of Turkey ordered in his
honor, as us. nit-r of the I'u t- i State-,
a grain! re. icw • f the army in (' nstiu.ti
nople, an 1 the grand v.tuounUsl
him up 'ii a steed which he d<- rdxsl as
lmiglliticei.t. S.c.i Ny< : ' Hi- W.IS a
pure Arabian. li>- ha t a coat like vel
vet ;he felt .ke a myrt-.1 i-f steel spm./s
beneath a man ; hi* eye w..* tx-twe. n u
lion's ami a woman's, with all the cour
age of the one n.d all the human gentle
ness and beauty of the . ther blendesl;
he knew I was an oll ui..u i*id was as
tender of no- a- a child. AVii n I <iis
triouiit< 1 I eo ild not refnuu fr :n n
pre :ng to tin- grand vizier my- udinira
t on for the in-- uni arable creature.
heard me tiir-uigh an interpreter, aud
theu, Is-wing k'W, be.'g.sl me t • M Copt
the h->r- as u mark of the profound re
gard which the sultan entertained for
nie.' *D;d yui accept him, senator?"
we asked. A p.s-iilmr I—-h came ii.to the
old man's ey sas he replied : ' 1 ■ ule a
rap. i calciii itiou an I saw that I i :ei not
enough money, and cottl.l sen 1 to no
plmt- for enough money, to pay the
freight on tic- animal to New A' -rk, si I
b*>k high ground. 1 bowel low in re
turn to the grand vizier, and hade tlie
interpreter explain to him that while
touched to tlie In-art by thi* appreciation
ami genor.'s.ty of the s-.i'it.m. it was, I
was soiry to s .y, against tie- laws of my
country for u senator .f the I'nitcd
Siati-i to accept a present from any for
eign prince, potentate or jsiwer.'"
Polar Exploration.
Fre-el I>. Stuart, who wa- in the expc
ditii ii which di-covero! the Antarctic
continent in ls|<>, has prepared an arti
cle for publication in relation to the
open s< :i said to exist near the North
Pole, with some comments on what is
claimed to have liei-n accomplish".! in
th it regard. He ihs s not sav there is an
open polar sea, lior ti nt such a thing is
ltupo.-Miihlc, buf offers some suggestions
regarding the theory of a polar open sea
which will be interesting, especially to
those who have given the subject atten
tion. Mr. Stuart approves in the main
of < 'apt. H 'Wgate's plan of operation
submitted to Congress. He thinks that
great cure should be taken much great
i r than heretofore—in the selection of
tlmse to whom the outfit and conduct of
any expedition should be intrusted, osjie
eiailv one t> be employed in polar re
search. His remarks in regard to the
qualifications of the officer to command,
and his views as to the means which
should be employed to solve the prob
lem of an open |*>lnr sea, may lead to the
adoption of other plan:. than those here
tofore employed to settle the question.
The suggestions made by him as to the
origin or cause of nti open |silar sea, if
one should lie found, will doubtless elicit
comment, and, perhaps, invite otlu-rs to
give their experience and views touching
IMilar expl oration.
She Knew Him.
Under date Fast Windsor, 22 May,
1807. the following appeared in the
('nnwticut (Yiiiritnf : Thomas Huteh
ins has advertised that 1 have absented
myself from his bed and board, and for
bid all persona trusting me on his nc
count. I now advert is" the public that
the same Thomas Hutehins came as a
fortune teller into this town about a year
ago, with a recommendation which with
some artful falsehoods, induced ine to
marry iiiin. Of the four wives lie had
before me, the Inst he quarreled nway;
how the other three came by their deaths
he la st can inform the public; but I cau
tion a'! widows or maidens against mar
rying him, be their desire for matrimony
ever so strong. .Should he make his ad
dresses under a feigned name, they may
look out for a little strutting, talkative,
feeble, meager, hatchet-faced fellow with
spindle shank 4, and a little warped in the
back. THANKITI. LLT'TCIUNH.
When you see a young fellow standing
on a corner with a far away look in his
eyes ami a bit of ynri on each of the last
two fingers of bis baud, you may he tol
erably sure that he has just begun keep
ing house, and that he is muttering to
himself: "Chopping bowl, eggs,
clothes line—that's the thumb and first
two fingers. Now, what did she want on
I the oilier two fingers 7"
CENTRE HAM,, CENTRE CO., I'A.. THURSDAY. AL'RII, 12, 1877.
iion i-uitoiu >i oi >ii.
\ii luir renting Irilt lr nbuMl l*r Miml Unlit
l'rmlttt er.
The lYnnsy wumi is found
111 11 sMldntoUf formation fultv I.IMHI f. i t
below tin* lowest ri nil nil xislll'i , till' Hut
li'r euuiiti ml bmuug rock lying fully
1100 fi-ft below tin- li vol uf tin- M llu'
gcucl :il public entertain tliu idea tliut It
it. tin- nt.ult of tlio distillation of coal;
Imt scientist* tiiiii jinu'tuiil i*| i atom
deny tuiy iMiuuftiuii between tin' coal
tuiil ml measure*. Hitherto N'ii'tii'o liii"
off. ritl hut httlf light upon tho origin of
rook oil, while ojK'ratom have given
more attention to tin- pris-csps-a for ex
tracting it front tlio cartli thiui to tho in
v ctigatii.it *f tho xiuctioii XIN to how it
OMUO tlioro. There mi 1 hut few facts
which mil u|i|H>rt nny thoory whatever,
uiul tlnm* jKiiut to ii product of tho ilo
c, "til position of 111 luu 110 plants unit Mii
iiinl.t, mi ituil it tin* result of onorniout
ilo|"'tit of vegetation. Other nuthori
tu't hnvo asserted thxit it it tho ronltlt of
ilmttliutnin in tin- oxirth't orunt. At
lot its origin t utterly undetermined.
In the winter of Ic.Vs •) (' .loiu-l 11 lx.
Drake, of Now Haven, ft , .tart. .I MI
urteHiiui woll ou tin ithiml in Oil on-ok, u
Muidl trihutxiry of the AllogliMiy river.
A neighboring spring liii.i for a long tune
given out HUUI; twenty burrelt of ju tro
li'iiui ouch year. wluoh hud been bottled
.in.l unlit for medicinal punrnm* utiiior
tlie lKiuie of "Seneca Oil." It * with
it view of increasing tin-* yiehl that the
lirteniuu well Was started. In the lutter
purl of August, INSO, the ilrtll reneheil
the ml ln-iuiug rnek ut u ilepth of seven
ty-one feet, niul resulti .I in yiehl of
over l,Ut*> gallon# per iUy. For i ■ utur
untile InilliUlH of that section hint <XI
- the oil from the creek by s( read
mg their blankets UJHIU its surface, their
hiUirs ls'iug rewarded hy small lots, with
which tiny mixed their war pmut or
wiiu'h they burned to illumine their
frost* in' war ilxiuii's. During ttu-si' een
turies no effort lui.l lui-n made to secure
it IU large ijuantitses, ami the tli-l one to
ilrill for the prtsluct had enumsl u glut in
the market by producing twenty-five
hnrrels per ilny. Hut auk-couent eii tits
shoatil that Colonel Drake hail l.ui.led
greater than he knew.
Its near resemblance to ennle coal oil
the first product of the destructive
distillation of eon) leil liiaiuifax-tiirei*
t- ■ Mthju't petroleum to til 's. Millie pi
e*-sscs to whieh iTUxle Coul oil w uv sub
jected in the manufacture • ! uu illiiniiiia
tor, ami in a day u tlennuiil f >r the pi
duet was ereateil. From a xlaily yield of
twenty five Imrrel* 50,000 horn N pro
duction has hi. ii rexielusl mill poss.sl.
Fnutf sales of fifty cent viala for inrna,
chilblains ami rheumatism, trMieju*t.>n#
have enlarged to entire eargoe- and are
daily earned from our shuns to every
part of the globe. From m vi-nty-oiii
feet the depth of the initial eff irt—the
oil driller of t.> lay sink > a shaft 1,700
flit deep nearly OllC-third of a mile.
Indeed some wells have been drilled h> a
• leptll of nearly 3,000 feet. 1 Ostein! of a
twenty-five Iwum l *' pumji-r " the oil
operator has sometimes been n wanhsl
hy a 3,otK> barrel "] titer," and xne
well on the Dougherty farm, near lYtr
llll, tl >Wi d t.vn barrels during the first
twenty-four hours. From a pnsluet un
known aui' tig Atai-rirnu evjsirta, js tni
leum iirv-M- in a dieaite of years to the
thirl p * t;ou. h -mg snr|>ass.sl only hy
. a.ti ami eottoti lletween the ;m*epb Mt
of tie uiilustry say Wjl ami the Imgin
tiing of the year just pa.-~.sl ls?' it h:uv
hr at'■:: 1 • t !n- I'uit o Sl.it- ni--re t i.xitt
sh*,liOll.ntiO ill gold aim. -t e.pial .if
the heavy premium nu gold during the
civil war l>e cousidmsl) to tin* entire
amount of the cuminting nnslmmof the
nation, itu'ludiug the treasury n .ti-s ami
nati mil hank curulst. :i. Fr >m m rvilig
:it feasts and orgieA of siv sit lias ariM-u
to the foremost |sis.tio;i in the world as
an illuminator, ami now enti i millions
of households, carrying Inn* in . nig ami
i iviliring eff.s-ts wixie i cull hxinlly 1M- >■*-
liiuutisl. From (' ilon. 1 Drake, the soli
tary operator of 15.v.1, With Ills Single
assistant, the UUIUIKT riss iviug employ
meal from diilhug lias ineri .s. d to 'J.lkltl
men, while those who derive siip|s>rt
from pumping, refining ami transporting
js-troleiim. t .gether with the uiii'lianies,
salesmen anil clerks employed in various
ih |M*ndent industries, ami among whom
may is* included mai'luiii-d* ami mnim
fueturers of hari'i Is, lsiiler*, drilling
tiw.ls, cliemicals, glue, lamps ami the
like, would form a larger army than won
for us Amerteau imh-pemleuee.
Nor x- tin* sudden growth of this in
dustry the most remarkable event in its
career. Colo-sal fortunes have iM-en
liiiule ami dissipatisl l>y xlealingw m a
staple whieh hua ever i>eeii anhj*et to
the most violent fluctuations in prices.
Crude oil has sold as high as !?l I p-r
Imrrel at the wells when ib-matnl has ex
ceeded the nnpply, und, when the mvales
turned rmitm, ten eentl* per barrel has
xlarkeliisl the hope* of prxslucers. Won
derful improvements have lcen innde iu
all hranclies of the industry , ami Yankee
ingenuity l-iu. lx>en tax- I to the utmost.
It fxH.k Colonel Drake eight months to
ilrill aevelity- ine feet in ltioH !•; hut in
ltfTfi Mr. Charles S. Clark drilled over
1,500 feet in twenty-eight days, the
UKiini time lieing six or eight wx-eks. In
the refining branch great improvements
have been efii*eted. Many will reniem
ler the xlark color of oil turned out by
retinera in early days. Its offensive odor
made even the presonce of a lamp an ob
jectionable feature in any risim, while
the ftunx-s nrising from burning lamp
were almost unbearable. Crusted wicks
ami smoky chimneys ntteste.l the iinjM*r
brtion of the refiner's art, annoyol the
thrifty liousewife, and contrasted strong
ly witli the pure water white color of the
premium safety oil, its freedom from
xslor ami its sujverior burning qualities.
Again, the volatility of the liquid inaxle
its confinement difficult, even in the
most nkillfullv prepared barrels. Often
times a hit of oil woulxl shrink twenty
and sometimes even fifty per cent, while
being transported txv the retailer. A day's
exposure ~t l n platform car or at a
freight depot, in a hot sun or a searching
wiml, would make snxl havoc with the
dealer's profits; or it might be carefully
placed bv the sixle of a hogshead of
sugar, only to escape from it barrel ami
quietly take tip quarters in the liogsheml
with its neiglilsir.
As Bail as Burning.
The Hindoo willow, though 110 ljmger
burnt on tin- funrrnl pyre of her hus
band, in subject to n process for tin 1 ri t
of her life which may sometimes cause
her to iloiiht whether her latter state is
really miv lrettcr than that wliirh British
law terminated. No matter how beautiful
the young widow's tresses, they are
cropped off, all her ornameiita are taken
away, the very notion of a second
marriage regarded ns worse than murder,
and the poor thing never permitted to
leave her room. This is simply the sub
stitute of imprisonment for life in place
of dentil.
UNWAKIIANTKO iNriu'HroM.-Clentlemnn
I hear y >n had bad luck on Friday,
.Tern? Huntsman—" Luck, sir? I be
lieve yer! A lot o' them blarmed town
ies come out a 'ollerin' anjl a shoutin', a
friglitenin' the pis.r foxes out o* their
seventeen senses! The queen otigliter
make a law as they shouldn't build no
towns not within ten mile o' a pack o'
hounds 1"
A quack doctor advertises confidently;
"People never cough nft*r taking one
i bottle of my cough mixture,"
I'A IIM, fiAltltl N AMI HIM SFIIOI.H.
Il.illrr a.ul lluiirr Union*.
Churning consist* principally in get
ting the temperature of the cream to Ihu
best point or degree, which i* generally
conceded to be alxnit sixty to aixty two
degrees. I in* is quite generally a matter
of guesswork with the dairy woman, and
performed in a bungling manner, often
doing positive injury rather thou IH-U<-
tituig. I'he practice of s. ttnig the cream
jar on or near tlie stove i lusl, as one
side ma. be very hot wlub- the other la
v. t frozen. A much letter way la, when
the cream has bus.un- sulfie-ieiitly *ouri-d
the stone jaib or tin luill* ixuitalllUig it
should IK- surroinnlesl with water and
brought giaeluaiiy tothepro|a-r te-mpe-ra
turc. The wnte-r givi s ii uiot'e uniteirin
distriblltleitl eef the- lle-ut to all hlelem, ami
if the cream is stirreel while warming it
will lie all tlie- la tte r. It should then la
empties) in the churn ami churned.
There me- theme- Who prefer t* churn
tln-ir crculu sweet, cspee-ially when tu
te-udeij for immediate u*e, on the flavor
e.f the butter is different freilii butter
chttrm I from so-.tr e-n-am, ami they pre
fer that fiavor ; but le.r butter lute-mbal
for future- i-e'tisumptieiu the aweet-cmim
butter will not stand up so well unr hold
its llav.r a* long us butter from sour
cream ; a i-viiresjaimlingchange will s'sm
t.eke- pi.ice- in tin- butter if not allowed to
in th. e-i-i uu Imfon- e-luirniug. The prui-
ctplo I* the- Maine a* 111 cheeae innklllg.
N . curd is lit t . vi..rk until acidity is
propt'riv ill-vi le>p. l. l'Lt- g*-el l>re*al
maker lia* In-r ovi-u hot and puts lie-r
loavew m t.. bake #e s.sin a* they art
light enough ami ready ; eielay will in
jure tliem. S . should the butter maker
have her churn ihmlier flopping an sesu
* the cream is in proper condition.
Hilt we must not forget that while' we
are- ge-ttuig our cie .un ready we ought to
l>e also preparing our chum f"r ns-. AV<-
nee-el first plenty of hot wnte-r te give- it a
thorough scalding. Of t>.urm- it was set
away clean, but then it ne*esl* the hot
water to tweak It tip well, nnil after thut
to Is-i-is.i.sl nilel rtnnesil with e\>l.l water.
or else the por - of the w.**l bring ojwn
ni'd dry will be filhsl witli th creatu,
and tbe butter will stxrk to It Mid It will
Is* next to impossible ti clrMiae again
when through. When well soaked the
poim of the wmsl are filhsl with wat>r,
mid the cream cannot enter them. If
allowed enter thrill OllCe it Will la
very apt to stay there. Mid suddeiilv
your churn I* smelling amir ami Iwwl,
and something is wrong with "the llavor
of \our butter. Have your churn well
sx-al hsl ami rinin- l the last thing la-fore
iKturuig in your m-am. If mloruig is t.
is* Hii ieii to butter, the Is t way is to
intnaluce it into the ereMii. It can lie
done here equally us well as in the but
ter, and with bas trouble, Mlxl although
I nm th< patentee of S gis*l nil artificial
coloring as i made, still 1 risMiumeml,
if psuublc, tlxat the odor In* always
natural ami pi liix-d directly from the
bssl which the animal rss-iv•■•. It cer
tainly Call Is .uw just Us Wx-U this way
with pi.xss ~r grain, or Isitlx, ami then
Vo l haw a i • UtlllM' article in plax*e of an
mutation.
\barbritli In Muntitr.
When niMiuri s an- left over a season to
dccomp 8..., says T. It. Miner iu the
ll'i.rW, nlnsiilH'iits of the ammotiis
iu them arc alwavs beneficial. Plaster
is ilo-l.iodlY the l ost al is uls-iit of tlie
gus s iu a manure pile that is known to
• xist, mul it may lie sprinkled among
tlie immure when tlm pin* is inadi not
much, uv a barrel of plaster to what
manure tl :t head of cattle will make lit a
war- U. Ltme law a tendency to m t the
gas. s auniii' iuul flee; ami it ahould
never Iw* U< i li tlie rompst heap, ex
cept when much oo*rw matter is t> lie
d> :np . !. Nor af- aslu *of any lWie
tit to the heap, over tlfir value when
us. d alone. Swamp muck is good, if
placed ;n alternate layers of nuuiure ami
muck through the h .p and b it a NASH
to ilns'inj • ' and unit- . All comjw.t
heaps should be mod. w .th their tops fiat,
or a little Ciilieavi . to cal-'li the ranis to
ki*ep the heaps m -ivt. In l/iglu'.ul the
system of composting is .GN.-1 I . JM r
fis*ttoti. They pHx-k their manure iu ob
long lu-iips, ami shovel them over two or
three turn s lint ng tin summer to hns
ten ile.siuijx.sitmn, ami apply such fine
manures to their lands the next s> a---*i.
Here we cannot s . well affor.l the lalsir
of cotnjsisting 1.1 that manner; conse
quently many farmers apply ull their
stable dung to their lali.is fresh ami
umlec.imposed. S>r.io croj>s, however,
rxspnro well r..ttsl mmnns to grow in
perfection, mul every funic r may profit
ably have a siniill eorajvoat lii'iip b sup
ply hun with fine manure where it is
most needed.
Qarwlloui ri ml \nawrn.
What kind of millet in the best to f.ow
in i usb-rn N -rth t'arolina ?
Tlie 5.., lof tic e .mill->ti millet, which
can be obtained iit any H*ed store.
How are the breeds of sheep in this
country eh. - dlnl i
There are three gencnil hrcoda of
si iu this ei.untry long w.sils, mid
dle wll .Is ami tine wis.ls. Fuller the
first come I, n-e tcrs uud tVitawnlds ;
under the HISS md which am sjiecially
mutton sheep, pnsbicing n small amount
of wisll xN.iie Hollthdiivviis, Lincoln uud
others; und under the third lire thris
funulics, viz. ; French, Spanish nnd
Milesian merims-M.
What then are the so-called American
merinoes ?
The American merino i* the result <>f
tin- three varieties nlmve deacrilied;
they have been bred together nntil they
have produced w hat is now known iu the
improved American merino, which for
weight ami fleece are not to la- excelled.
This breed m rather small, with a clean
head ami broad, sound body; the fleece
is long, flue, thick set, white and extends
over the whole body down to the hoof.
Itlnrk Trrlh In lla.
The subject of black teeth in coming
uj> again, one member of the American
farmers' club said that these t-eth, which
are small,i-mie out of place arc in other
words "extras," and all that there is to
be done is to take them out.
A farmer from New Jersey, who had
seen lilaek teeth ill hogs from boyhood,
had never heard of their causing any ill
eflWts, and did not lielieve it necessary
to even extraet them, lie thought they
are the embryo, so to sp" ik, of the tusks
that (-row in wild hogs.
A stranger present gave it as his opin
ion that these teeth nre not of the least
consequence. If a hogs falls sick and
the owner does not divine the ennse, and
the animal possesses three black teeth,
they ar> thought to be the ocean ion of
all the trouble, but he did not believe
they hud any effect whatsoever.
Mrtlirnl lllnln.
M\mn MuitiOV IJOZF.NOES. —lAnvder
ed marsh-mallow root, two ounces;
powdered sugar, fourteen ounces;
mucilage of tragaennth, made with orange
flower water to a proper consistence. A
good remedy for coughs.
A CHEAP nn Lirrt.r. KNOWN DIHTN
rrci'ANT. I*ut a few crystals of chlorate
of potash into n gla/.ed earthenware
vessel—-an empty jam |nit for instance—
and pour thereon about sixty drops of
hydrochloric acid; set Hie vessel on a
high shelf as the chlorine gas developed
is heavier than air. The gas is harmless
to breathe, but the solution must not he
allowed to touch anything, and the vessel
nmst not afterward be used for holding
focal. Renew during illness by adding a
few drops of acid twice a day, Deal in
the same way with closets or drains from
which any smell proceeds,
llun to keep the linys en the lut'Ul.
The April number of Smhitt r i*ou
tauin u paper by Coiouel Geo, 11. Wal -
ing oil the illtcrentlUg subject of "FaJIU-
Villttges
The paper coiisnlers the way ill which
land inXV be divided SO an to secure tin
end ill View with tlir leant llinollVelilcuoe
to the uu Ii who have to till tlie fields,
and with the least drawback to tlie busi
ness of the (urnier. Tw canes are IKll
aldertsl: 1. \S hen It i II question of tJie
settlement of new lands. 2. Where farm*
houses ure aire oily st-atti-reel ov-r tlie
iMuntrv, each ou its own farm. In Imth
canes It is attempted to show how tlicde
tails of the pluu may be - -glilatcd so an
to cause- (lie ieuM annoyance and loan of
tlUie to the men, to oollipusn the great
est convenience and comfort of the w<e
turn, ami to provide the- lie*nt tulvuntages
for the v "linger mi'tuU-rs of the commu
nity. 'i'ht-se two schemes are lllllstrate-el
by suttiele-iit diagrams, which uidirate
-111- way in whi.-h the forming land and
the village tract should lee divided.
Suggestions are U)M> given on t > tlie
laying out of the village green, the cure
of roads, paths, grass ground, and <ether
OJK ll Spoe e-s, SO far ll* Sllcll suggestions
are appropriate- in this c-eeuiles-tion.
Tlie- way in which tlie prnpswleliange
would affe-e't the* work of th> farmer, his
wife, lus luted men, alld ill* te-tums, IS
fully (sitisnlerisl, olid it see-ins to lieile-in
oustrutexl while it is admitted that in
immixhute liaiiiey milking the re muy la
souie slight dlsudvantiigi that oil Un
wind-and ill the long nut tlie gene-ral
prosperity of our agriculture would la*
ailv alioed by the clialige.
Coiibtderabh- sjmce* is given t tin
eoniporativ effect of the- lite- of the liw
late-.l farmhouse and of the' more- sea-iable
life of the- Village- eeli tile- cliaracte r elf Ule
fartue-r ami lu* family, ami, then-feire, on
the future farming Jas .pie e.f the-country.
The bellowing qilotatl 'lis indicate the
luie of argtmient:
" It way seem u strange <l.*-trnie to lw
advanced bv n somewhat e-nthusutstie
farme-r, but It IV a d.s-trilie that has U-e-n
slowly ew-e-nptcd afte-r many ye-urs' e.leser
vation a e>>nv .ctiuo that ho* token |sn
sessit.u of an unwilling miml that Ute
young man wl.o takes hi* young wife to
an us>htle*i farml.oc.se- d'situs her ami
himself ami their eluidri n te an tin
whole* He .nie, iiiisatislaefie'ry ami v.-u-aut
e-xisleiit-e—an existe-nce- matk<-d by tiie
al.se'iese of tlle.se* more satisfying Ullel
more cultivating influence* winch the
ls-t eb-vclopmeut of character ami intel
ligcn.v eb-mauil. It t* ao>mmon e-x|x-ri
etievof lurmers' wivea te. pass week afte-r
wes-k williout ex-hanging a Weird or a
les.k witii a single jeerwou otitaieleof tiieir
own faiuilv circles.
" The voting t-emple stort brave ly, aud
with a de-tenuuiati.io te> struggle against
tin- habit e.f isolation which mark* the ir
class ; hut tin* habit ha* grown from
the l:>e-es*lty of the Mtll*tloU ; ami the
ne-e-e-ssitlees of tiie-ir eiWJi s.tuatiotl lintlg
the-m snier eir later witluu it* ls.nel*.
I hiring the first fi w years Uiey Melliere
b> their resolution ami go regularly to
church, to the- lecture, ami to the social
gathering* of the-ir frieud* ; but home
el It tr e-s increase- with tiuie, slid tlu- eager-
Ili-a* for aocicty gre-W* dull with lie-gle*-t,
ami wh<> have startesl <>u! with the
firme-st dete-rmination t<> aveml tlie re-k
on which their fathejs have split, give
up tlie struggle- at lost and se-ttle down to
a humdrum, tuxiuU-re sting and mimte-r
--e-stesl IMTfornialM-e of ehulv task*.
" In saying all tliift—aud f speak from
i-ija-rie-i. --, fe.r I luve l.d the- dismal life
mviwjf it t* hanllv tiev-s*arv t.e dis-
claim tl.e- least want of si pres istum of
the- sterling ejualltl * wlue-li have- IHS-D
dt -. lo|>e-d Ui the- Ame-ric UI fartu hi.lflM--
" If Ameriiwa agrumlture has MI un
satislbsl tiisd, it is surely tin* tidil f<r
more iiitx-Higcm-e ami more enterprising
interest xin the juirt of its workingmeu
ami wotneu. From one end of the laud
t<i the oilier, its crying defect- rccng
liiaxsl by uli—is that ita ls-st bhssl—or,
in other wor<ls, its lest brains Mid its
lie .t sunny is leaving it to seek other
fiel is of lalsir. The intlueuees which
leai tliesi- la-st of the farmers' sons to
otlier xsvupatious is not so much the
xhwin* to make more money, or to find a
hua lslsirioua ooilptnm. as it is the le
sxre t'i Insl a more Hiitisfsctory life- a
life where that part of ua has lnsu de
velop! si by the 1 etlcreducation Mul ls*t
tcr civilisation fur which in tins century
we have Workesl so hard slid MI well, may
find responsive cotiquniiotisliip and en
couraging inti-iNMiirM* with others. * *
" The SI-|;<1 benefits Mill the facilities
for fitsptent, neighborly and informal
intercourse are obvious. To say noth
ing of the conipMiionahitis mid intimacies
among the young lieople, thrir fathers
ami mothers would IH* kept from grviwmg
old Mid glum bv the <%instant friction of
their kind ; ami in so far as a more satis
factory social relation with one's fellow
men gives ch<>erfuln<MS ami the richness
of a wider human uitx'ri.st, in tliut pro
(Hirtnui would the village life have a
whole*.me, mellowing efft-et that is not
tube found HI the remote fnrmlionse,
nor - ven in the sort of neigliborh<*>d we
sometimes find ill the country, where
seTornl farmhouses are within a quarter
if" n iiiih" of each otlier. flu' habit of
' running in " for a moment's chat with a
neighbor i n gil one, and it get* but
scant development among American
farmers."
Tlie better development of the church,
nnd especially of the school, is discussed
at some length, and the paper close#
thus ;
"I should hope, further, as an out
growth from the community of living,
for a modest village library, and reading
room. Indeed, if I could have my own
way, 1 should not confine the attraction
nud entertainment of the village to
strictly ' moral ' appliances. It would
probably lie wiser to rei-ognize the fact
that young men thai sn attraction in
amusements which our sterner ancestors
regarded as dangerous, mid 1 would not
eschew billiards, nor even, ' by rigorous
enactment,' the milder rice of social to
bacco. better have a little harmless
wickedness near home and under the eye
of parents than encounter the risk that
boys, after a certain age, would seek a
pretext for more uncontrolled indul
gences in the neighboring town.
"One might go on through the long
range of incidental arguments—such as
lighted streets, well kept sidewalks, win
ter snow plows, and go > l drainage, anil
aw holesome pride in a tidv, cozy vil
lage, until even the most close-fisted of
sll our class would confess thnt the cxtrn
cost would hritig full value in return,
and until he would recognize the fact
that the attractions of such a home as the
village would make possible would be
likely to insure his being succeeded in
his wholesome trade by the brightest
and lu st of his sons a result that would
surely lie worth more than all it would
cost.
" Hut my purpose has been only to
suggest a scheme which seems to me en
tirely, even though remotely, practicable,
aud in which 1 hope for the symjnithy
and help of the country-liound fanners'
wives and daughters—a scheme which
promises what seems the easiest, if not
♦lie only, relief for the dullness uiul
desolation of living which make Ameri
can fanning loathsome to so ninny who
ought to glory in its pursuit, but who
now nre only bound to it by command
ing necessity."
In Los Angeles, Cal., a benevolent fam
ily took in a tramp and nursed him (luring
a long sickness. And now he sues for
pay for n little work that he did about
the house while lis was recovering.
TKRMB: 54~5.00S 4 ~5.00 a Year, in Advance.
Datilel Webster uu Farming.
YVfttiiilkoroM, March 13, IMU2.
JOIIN 'FAX i* III : lam glad In hear from
yon again, ami tole-arii that you are we 11,
ami that your teiuun and leads are re-aely
for spring'* work, whenever tlie weather
will allow you tn begin. 1 sometimes
reael taaiks ou farming, ami I remember
that a sensible- olel author adviacs far
mers "to plow liakeel and to sow
naked." !iv tin* be means lliat there is
no use in beginning spring's work till the
w.uther is warm, that a farmer uiay
throw ssnie his winter i-liAhes and roll up
his sle-eve*. Ye-t he says we ought to I*--
glli a* early in the year a* jsmaitde. He
wiote- some very pretty ve-rse* on the
suhject, whit-h, a* far an 1 reniemlier,
run thus:
VV tills ye-t tlis SIX tug l* young, while e-srth me
htuds
Til* frozen UMOIII to the we-ge-ru w hwl* .
While uioustslu •limeelleoH.hr against th* sun,
Aid streams, yet new, fromjirerijiice* run
K'e-n in this early dawning f th* year,
I'roduce the- plow and > oke Us sturdy steer,
And goad him till he smoke tietieaUe his toil.
And the bright share is burled In the soil.
John Taylor, when you read theae
lilies, do you lied see- tile SIIoW melting and
the little- streams lie-ginning to rmf dowrn
tlie southern elo|iew of your I'uuehbroo'a
pant are, aiid the m-w grans starting and
growing in the tru-khag wste-r, all green,
bright aiul Isaiitilul Aiul do you not
nee your Durham oieu smoking from
bent ami pcrwpiratiou a* they elraw along
your great breaking-tip plow, cutting and
turning over the- to-tgu swanl in your
meadow in the- great field? The name
elf this sensible author is A'irgil, and lie
gives farmers much other advice, a- -me of
winch you have lawn bdlowuig all tlua
winter without even knowing that he had
given it. •
But when cold w.*lh.T, heavy *now aud rain
The ialiorlug fsriunr ui his htuise restrain,
lee I hun foreeAst hi# work Willi tuunly eare,
\\ toe h else 1* htiihlie-d when the- skies art- fair ,
Then Set hnn mark the aheeji, and wh4 th*
shining share,
th bnilow irtw-s for lost*, or number o'er
Ho sacks, or mrftsnre his incre*atng rtorr ;
Or shsr)K-n ftsio. and mend esrh rake and
fork.
So l<- I*- ready, in good tune, to work ;
Y'isit lit* crowded tarn* t rarly meirn ;
Ixxk to hi* granary, and shell his corn .
010 * giKid bieskfsst lei hi* ntuueroo* kuie.
His stme-riug {niultry sml his fat'ning swiu<.
And Mr. A'irgil says some other thing*
which ye.ii umh-rstam) up at Franklin as
we-ll as ever he still :
lac huang winter swaui* enjoy their store,
forget the ir hardshqi*. td reertul for more j
Tier fanarr to full frseet* invite-s hi* fneael*.
Aiid wist h. got with j Hams, with pleasure
•]*end* :
Brass chair* Hound the Are, and teUs once
mure
Steele-* which often hsve lern tend twfore ;
Spi.s-b s c .csii tal l, with things good to est.
And adds some moislc mug t(J hi* fruit and
meat.
IIHI jmnc Ills hospitality, and feel
The > sliali sice p Is-tte-r after *uch a meal.
John Taylor, by the time you liave
got IhtMiigli this you will have read
enough. Tlie sum of all i. IK- ready for
viitir spring'* wurk nanism a the weather
iMwwunea warm enough, aud tlien put
vour lianei to the plow ami hsk not
I wick. DAMZE AV KJINTKII.
Niagara Suspension Ilridge.
The Utica !!•""! ' i says : Tlie Ku*ix-n
--siem brnlgc over Niagara river wa* built
in IMS, bv Ibs-bling of Trenton, N. J.
It wa* the first railroad brielge built
over the Niagara river, and lia* a *|>ai] erf
821 fe-et. Wire-cable* sustain the tindge
with stiffening of timber trussing, and
ls-tw ee-ti the al.ntuie-utie are 6HO ton* of
w.ssl and t'* ton* of iron. Tlie j**n*ge
..f an ordinary train, e-ntimatssi to weigh
eighty tona, caused a deflection of .41
(oot, , f which it in i-ntimatexl tiiat . 182
fesit wan elite to tlie elongation of tlio
cable*. There are two ft.sir*, one nine
teen fee t alsove- the other, leaving a clear
space e.f flftiH-n feet Ix-tweeu theni. Tlie
lowi-r one is used for vehicle-*, and foot
jMuwongcr*, ami the upjxr one- c.-ntain*
the fesit path*. The upper fiooring i
215 feet over the mirface of the water.
Two cnl'le* supjsirt iwcb road war, four
in all, ami all an- ixuinewle-l. so that tlio
strain i* <li*tnbute-el.
The cables are b-.i nl a half incbS in
diameter, and ere oompoeed of aeven
strands of 520 w ires each, every wire cal
*ulatsl to Ivear a weight of l,t'4M pounds
or 12.000 tons in all. Tlie up}>er cables
arc brought, by mexuisof braxs**, to witli
in thirteen fs*t of each other at the cen
ters, Mid the suspender# incline uiwanl,
to give a broaxlcr base to the structure
and insure stability. A separate tower
snjqsirt* each p iu r of .-sbles. The uptier
ainl lower fitsw# are connected by wissien
p.wts in pair# five feet apart, with oue
inch diagonal truss rod* of wrought iron
pas-nig from the top of one jiair to the
iKittom of the fourth over a space of
twenty fi*et on each aide, secured by
**rew nnts to allow for shrinkage.
Diagonal wire stays extend from the top
tif earli tower <•> prevent vertical oscilla
tion. and smaller stays attached to the
tinder side are anchored to the rock#
beh >w.
The new briilge, nearer to the falls,
was completed in lWff It has a span of
1,250 feet, and is sustained by two cables
aismt nine inches thick.
Chinese Etiquette.
In China a visit of eeremonv is con
ducted with great politeness, lour card
must lie sent on before by a special
herald, a "tingchai" (the Chinese are
well up in the fashion of the cards,
which they have practiced), who ahall
la- dispatched in g>*l time to allow of
proper preparation by those who are to
receive von. Your rank being stated on
the eani you an- nwived according to it
by the gentleman iipw whom you call,
lie comes out a certain distance, in pro
iMirtion to your rank ; he IHIWS and you
Imw, while e'nch sax : "Chin chi, and
von are invited in ; but in every doorway
lie pauses and politely proposes von
should precede him, which you decline
as politely and, at last, after many pro
testations, he goestirst, with some pretty
apologv. When the room is entered
and each is seated, attendants enter
with enps of tea and sweetmeats, and
the customary compliments nre passed,
beginning with "Quashing?" " What
is your honorable name?" "What is
your honorable ag#?" and fifty questions
which to us seem half rude and almost
insulting, lint this curiosity toward nn
honorable acquaintance is not considered
at all ao—indeed, it would lie, in a
Chinese gentleman's eves, very rude not
to make all these inquiries. The ortho
dox linlf hour passed and the business
(if any) to 1M- transacted being over the
guest is conducted away toward the door
with the same ceremony ; niul if of
sujM-rior rank to his host, and he wishes
to show him great respect and honor, ho
sees him to his sedan, and waits as he
moves, away, bowing profoundly and
exclaiming "Chin-chin. —lt \uhington
h'rpubfiiHin.
The mines of Austria have had a total
revenue of 68,000,000 florins in the year
1875, while they occupied 94,000 work
jieople. Of this total seventy-six and
one-naif per cent, falls to the
share of the production of coal and
iron alraie, with eighty-three per eant of
tha total of workmen.
NUMBER 15.
What If (o*ta to Feed Inserts.
There ore uliout a thonssud sjiecics of
inaects in this country, says the ,SWm
hTfc Amrrit an, which are injurious Pi
our griaui, forage, anil field crops, our
ganh i vegetables, fruit crops, ami for
est and fruit trees. Among them a few
are ajiocndly destructive. In 1875, it is
said, us many as ten thousand settlers
were driven out of Kansas by grasshop
per*. In Missouri, according Pi State
Entomologist Riley, the ilamage done by
these lusects in 1N74 I-livelsl 915,000, •
(100, snd he estimates the losses ill other
parts of tlie West ns twice as much
more, in all, 945,000,000 for one year's
supfMirt of these |<esta. I luring tlie
same year, tlie destruction of growing
crops by the chiucli bug amounted Pi
919,000,000 in Missouri alone, Just ten
vasrs liefore, in Illinois, tlie ssme insert
tMvwsioued s loss of over 973,000,000 in a
siugle season. The average annual dam
age pi tlie cot Pin crop of the country by
tlie cotPw sniiv worm is estimated at
950,000,000. 'rhe ih-vastaiing potato
beetle is capable uf deducting other mil
lions from the auuual profits of our agri
culture, an<l the thousand other insect
plagues are easily competent Pi swell
the aggregate auuttal board bill uf tlisir
kind to Burnetii tug like £400,000,000, ac
cording Pi tlie .-stixusP-s of Professor
Packard, whew- conclusions on a subject
like tliis are well worthy of respect.
If this enormous sum, or even half of
it, ootild tie saved, it would soon amount
Pi enough Pi |iay the national debt.
Tlie quespou whether it can lie asved, or
auv portiou of it, is crrtaiulv worth con
sidering. Professor Packard la confident
that, with core and forethought, baaed
on tlie observation of facta by scientific
miii, from fifty to a hundred million
dollars of this annual loss could easily
1*- prevented by a little co-operation be
tween the several (States and the general
govorumen., tie would have the former
emulate the practical good sense of Mis
souri and each sj>|*nut a salaried ento
mologist. Then these gentlemen, acting
in c iimert ou witk a United States ctmi-
imasiouer of entomologists, might issue
weekly bulletins, perltaps in combination
with tlie weather signal bureau, report
ing tlie condition of the insect world,
forewarning farmers and gardeners from
weak to week of the insect enemies to
be guarded against, and suggesting the
preventive and remediable means tha
should be adopted. Tlie coat would be
comparatively slight; the possible good
immense.
Take for illustration the grasshoppers,
or, more properlv, JocusU, of the West.
They breed chiefly on the great plains
beyond the Miasiaaippi, from Minnesota
to Texas. In summers of unusual drouth
they mnltiolv enormously, and the sup
ply of food tieing short they are forced
to migrate.
Professor Packard tells of a swarm of
locusts, first olieerved at Boulder city,
Coloralo, winch traveled six hundred
ail OH to devastate Eastern Kansas and
Missouri. Its original home was some
where in Wyoming, perltaps two or three
hundred miles northward of Boulder city.
Tlie locusts fly with the wind; and as the
general direction of the wind in those
pari* during the summer season is pretty
well known, the movements cf tlie locust
armies can already lie predicted with
tolerable accuracy. But more knowledge
1a needed, particularly with regard to the
meteorological features of the western
country, and tlie relation of locust mi
grations to wind and weather. In the
fmranit of those investigations. Professor
K-vrkard justly urges tliat tlie meteor*do
gist* and entomologists must go liand in
hand. The government has provided a
well organised corps of w eather observ
ers, and the additiou of a few competent
entomologist* would increase the outlay
but little, while tlie resultant good would,
iu all probability, be very great- It
would certainly be so if, as seems by no
means unreasonable, the service should
IM* able to master die condition* of "lo
cust years." and 1M able to tell with a
good degree >'f certainty when locust in-
TuM.nii are likely to occur, sad how they
may be prevented.
In his plea forsnch dMerviitioa* in the
West, Professor Packard obwrrat that
"not only ahould the bonier States, es
pecially Texas, Kansas, Nebraska, Min
nesota. and lowa, employ entomologist's
following the hlieral i*iiey of Misaonri,
which for eight years nas hail a State en
tomologist, whose rejM >rt hay* proved
of incalculable juwctical valne to the peo
ple of that State; but the habits of the
locust need first of all to be thoroughly
studied in the Territories, | articularlvin
those of Wyoming, Montana, blalio, Da
kota, Utab! New Mexico. Anemia, and in
the new State of Colorado. A commis
sion of entomologists should be appoint
ed to make a thorough study of the lo
custs in the Territories mentioned. It
would seem that the recommendation
made at the recent meeting of Western
governor . at Omaha, to the effect that
mi j grupriation IMI passed byOougreaa,
iiud a commission be attached to the ex
isting United States geological survey of
the Territories < Harden'*), is the most
feasible and economical method of secur
ing the speediest and lieat results."
This is but one feature of the work
that might IM* done with profit toward
forestalling the depredations of insects,
regular and periodical: a work which
must, sooner or later, be undertaken,
and may ultimately prove as lenefletal
to the country as the weather predictions
have been.
Hurrying t the Stare.
During the last dull season a well
known Chicago merchant was oliaerved
taking giant step# in the direction of his
place of business at seven o'clock in the
morning. A rival tradesman, who was
well assured that large sales was not the
motive that induced this rapid transit,
hailed the swift " commercial traveler,"
and interviewed him as follows:
" What's broke loose, Uliarley ? Where
are you going in sueli a harry t '
" I'm going to the store."
" Trade must 1h active with you !"
" It's not trade that has called uie
out."
" It's not a woman, is it ?"
"No; of course not. But I'll explain
the tiling to you to keep down your in
fernal suspicions. There an* three jart
ners in our store, and we have only two
chairs. The last man that comes in the
morning has to stand up all day. It is
vcrv important for ine to get to the store
early this morning—good day."
And Charley " lit out " like n reporter
for a morning newspaper rs route to a
fire.
Redemption of Bonds.
The secretary of the United States
treasury has issued the forty-third call
for the redemption of five-twentv taunts
of 1865, Mnv and November, 'the call
is for $10,0&).000 of which $500,000 are
registered and $0,500,000 coupon bonds.
The principal and interest will lie paid at
the treasury on aud after the fifteenth day
of June next, and the interest will cease
ou that day. The following are the de
scriptions of the bonds: Registered bonds
-SIOO, Nos. 6,387 to 6.304; SSOO, Nos.
3,074 to 3,976; sl,ooo,Nos. 15,164 to 15,-
177; $5,000,N05. 7.380t0 7,403, in all cases
both numbers inclusive. Coupon binds
—ssoo, Nos. 40,401 to 42,300; SI,OOO,
Nos. 108,101 to 121,000, in all cases both
numbers inclusive.
It requires a great deal of poetry to
gild the pill of poverty, snd then It will
pass current oruy theory; the reality
is a dull failure,
A W<n Warrior Desperate.
Tlie GalvewPm (Texan) JVVict *av* that
stunt three weeks ago t! Gillespie
County i Texas i Mounted Rifle* captured
one Donatio and three other clwji*, who
had robbed a mail stage between Austin
and Fredericksburg. hi tin person of
IP malm waa found an incomplete letter,
which atamp* hiui aa one >4 Uie romantic
and sentimental art of robbers read of
in dime morel* Tlie young man will
bar* to serve five or ten years in the
penitentiary beh-.c he ran lay hia for
tune at the feet of gentle Anna Parotitis
ami claim her hand. Hia loving epiatla
reads tlnu:
.1/is* Anna /bmon* .•
DEAR DAW.IKO : "Tia with pleasure
that I scat my self on the Bank* of Llano
Rivsr a Beautiful stream Rippling its
way through the Western firmament and
OB each side far as tlie eye (Jan behold
is Mountain* and prairie* which vast
herds of Buffalo mem the Usui ('vote
Gan be seen skulking annual and ail is
lovely to the eve of one sail Bov and
Gould Anna But know the am] and
allocking feelings that exist in my Imsom
When I think of my Anna who is so far
awar. Yes the Rose tlie day star of my
life I RUI winding my way uirnugh this
I MUTKII Country to Mexico for my idea is
pi be a Western Warrior d<*|ientte, and
when I think of yon Anna we may never
see each other again but live With a hop<\
My desire is that we shall both pass tlie
short lint treacherous bonis away will
ing and well Darling to dream of you by
night and sigh for you by day What "a
luxury for me it would lie Pi behold your
illustrious bulge yes Anns your eyes
burn Liquid fire so flaming Pi my heart
thai is irreaistalile. Ye* Anna as I
travel along the Western horizon I sel
dom meet any one except tlie old hunter
who is as grave as the Wind. My only
Companion is three young men it is
m-edleas to assert that we are on tlie
make. We liave a hioaime Time of it we
Rotted a fellow P-day but did not get
much. We liave no Certain Country P>
dwell We inhabit the Western Coontiy
ami will continue until we get Rich
which I most eraphatickly think we will
and when we do 1 am Coming Back to
dallss. Wait for me Anna for I uu
aollid with you God is my witness I do
love vou 1 am held to no Locality
Bound to no personal object except
yourwlf Ye* wait for me and 1 will
make you a jeuenm* husband.
Frawce and Germany oa Bad Term*
A Paris telegram in the Loudon Stan
dard aaya : Information of the gravest
kind reiarhea me from a well informed
sounse. I think it very doubtful that
tlie government will allow it to be trans
mitted by telegraph, and therefore sent
it by post The German government
have assumed an attitude toward France
which is calculated Pi cause serious un
easiness as Pi the maintenance of peace.
The German government have liecn con
sistent in their manifestations of ill-will.
Finn ewne their refusal to take part in
the- exhibition of 1K78; uext the attack*
of the < <-nnnn prnt ag*in*t France,
and m>w I understand that the cal>ui-t at
Berlin liavr intimated to France that
thcv regarded the construction <f a *c
•IDJ line at tartwK* :u> a hostile dqi.
The second line of fortresses was intend
ed to create au artificial frontier line be
tween Germany ami Franc*, without
winch the latter country ie open to in
vasion. Thn> pretension ou the part of
the Berlin cabinet 1* ttimplv monstrous.
The French have aa good r.ght to fortify
Arras, Vmlun, Beaancno and the plateau
of Langn-s mm the Germans hare to in
crease the fortifications of Mv<w,
Strasburg and Metx, and to fort if r the
Yoagea. Tlie French government have,
I understand, complied, partially at least,
with tlie demands of Germany, and have
undertaken not to continue tlie fortifica
tions of .Arraa, but it is feared that freeh
concessions will lead to fresh exigencies,
and that these will be carried mo far tliat
France will in aelf-defeuse have to aay
no and lad the Germans do their worst.
A Fugacious City.
The city of Baxter Bpring*. Kansas,
once upon a time, acting under the State
law, issued and sold a certain number of
bonds and when tlie coupons became due
repudiated them. The lioiMiboidera
brought suit, ami the United States dis
trict court gave judgment in their favor
and onlrml the city official!- to satisfy
their demands, whereupon the indignant
property holder* swore solemnly that
they would never par a cent of interest
or principal, and took up their city and
walked. A letter writer states that they
are moving their houses to the adjoining
towns and that the more important busi
ness firms are now arranging for the pur
chase of eighty acres of land, north of the
town, to whiek thev intend to move their
business houses. This will take most of
the jieraoual property out of the city
limits, and so when the marshal proceed*
to levy on the city he will have to make a
return of won e*t. Baxter Sprthgs. as a
city, will have gone where the woodbine
Vwlneih in virgin luxuriance and settle
there "to grow up with tlie country,**
while its nb- shall never wore be inhabi
ted. but the wild beasts of tlie prairie
shall lie there, and tlie bouse*, which
have none to move them bv reason of
mortgages, shall be full of doleful crea
ture*. ami owls (which indeed alnnrnd on
the plainsi shall dwell there, and the
Kansas equivalent of satyrs shall dance
there
The Latest Sea Serpent Story.
The San Diego llorW ssv* : A party
of i hin ewe flsliernieii caugSit sight id
what is Itelievcd to be the veritable aea
serpent, ont near the Corona*la islands,
yesterday. They were very mtteh fright
ened. lnt aescnlie the appearance of the
iutaiater as follows : The body was about
fiflv feet long, the head about ten feet,
ana the tail at least one hundred feet.
The creature was moving very rapidly
southward, its head elevated about six
feet from the water, and seemed to b<?
catching fish or seals, as it constantly
ducked ita head iu the water, which was
quite calm, except in the wake of tliis
monster. When last seen it had turned
to the north want, as though to go round
the island. It was of a brownish color
and apparently about three feet in di
ameter. Captain Gus Gregory and Jack
Wall have chartered the Cuyamaca to go
out on a prospecting tour, as it is be
lieved the serpent lives in the kelp out
side, where there is good feed for such
creatures, They place implicit faith in
the story of the Chinamen.
The Red Sea.
It is rumored that the Red sea is losing
the ruddy line whieh obtained for it its
{•opular name. This mar be owing to
climatic or chemical reasons, for. as is
well known, the ml color is given by the
presence in places of myriads of a minute
ittul all lint microscopic plant, belonging
to the seaweed order. Many B]Kt in
the open ocean are similarly discolored,
mid over wide regions the same fact is
true of the Antarctic ocean. Still more
recently it lias been discovered that the
dark green discoloration of some portions
of the Arctic ocean was due, not to the
presence or absence of ice, as whr once
lielieved, but to the abundance of one of
those minute species of plants. Still
more enrions was the fact brought out
that the " whale's food," also minute ani
mals, lived on this microscopic vegeta
ble, snd were not found in localities
where the dark green discoloration was
not observed.
Files on the Ceiling.
The phenomena, which ore vulgarly
called suction, are merely the effects of
atmospheric pressure. It a piece of
moist leather be placed in close contact
with a heavy body liaving a smrjotli sur
face, such as a stone or a piece OT metal,
it will adhere to it; aud if a cord be at
tached to the leather, the stone or metal
may be raised by it. This effect arises
from the exclusion of the air between
the leather and the stone. The weight
of the atmosphere presses their surfac s
together with a force amounting to fif
teen pounds on a square inch of the sur
face of contact. The power of Hies to
walk on ceilingß and other simi'ut sur
faces, in doing which the gravity of their
bodies appears to have no effect, is ex
plained upon the same principle. Their
feet are provided with an apparatus ex
actly similar to a leather sucker applied
to a •*■