>§ENTRE j j 1 . ■ = |< FEXO.KU&TZ ................. Editer. L Centre Hall, Pa., Dee. 25. 1873. j : tL" TKRMH.~-t'2 per }*ear, in advance, "J. ■'• ' irhrn not pai,t in adra wee. ilrfweetisoacaCjt 3tV- per iinr rr th>c, <>.- •ertienJt, nnii /or 6 aim IS months ky e(i contract. Will those 73 in Haines who were le*l to vote against the new Cot -titu tion by misrepresentation from some of their neighbors, let the folks know nowr how they look aloug side of lot),- 000 majority against them ? Don': believe the gabbing of such fellow* any more. The fellow down in llaincs who talked nhnnt l]j;; taws'i • _ under the j new Constitution, has crept in hi -bttkrratid drawn the hole along in with him. ■ Lu11.., ♦ Those fellows who starte every reader , ol tin* While we may not know how each one !*|n*ndi this mwt celebrated of all holiday* vet we j harbor the wish that all may find it | l'r> ightcd with an ahumUuce ot li*|*- jiiness and pure merriment which nil anticipate at it* coming. Mankind rweivod its greatest gift on this day the child Jwui, the Saviour of the world. It will he interesting :\ this particular time to read a hi* tory of thia Festival which carries ua back to the olden time ot it* institu tion. We therefore copy tor the bent lit of the readers of the Reporter, the following front the Amer. Cyclopae dia : Christmas (Christ *iul ), lti*al of iho Christian church, observed on Pee. 25th, tha siinisr**ry of the birth of the Saviour. Iu Institution is attributed by the deerelat letter* to Pope Telee|>h..ru, who died A. 1). nd thioughout the subsequent history of the church it ha* ! been one of the ni>*t noted of Christian solemnities. At llri it was the me.t mov able of the Christian festive days, often confounded with the Kptphany, and eele brated by the eastern churche* in the j months of April and May. In the 4th canlury the urgency of St. Cyril of Jerusa lem obtained from Pop* Jultu. I an or der for au investigation to be made con- I earning the day ot Christ's nativity The result of inquiry by the theologians of the East and the West wss an agreement the 'Josh ot Deeeiulwr The chivf grounds for the decision wero the tables of the censers in the archives of Koiae ; and although, in the opinion of some •! the fathers, there was (not authentic proof ©: die identification of the day, yet the deci -on was uniformly accepted, and from ••hat time the nativity has been celebrated throughout the church on the saute day. It has also been a eoumion tradition that Christ was born about the middle of the night The custom in Roman Catholic countries of ushering in Christmas day by the eelebratien of 3 masses, one at mid night, the 2d at early dawn, and the 3d in the morning, dates, from the Gth century. The day was considered in the double light ef a holy commemoration and a cheerful festival, and was accordingly dis tinguished by devotion, by vacation trow business, and bv merriment. During the middle ages it was celebrated by the gay fantastic spectacle of dramatic mysteries a-.d nioraltie*, performed by personages in grotesque masks and singular costumes. The scenery usually represented an infant in a cradle, surrounded by the Virgin Mary and St. Joseph, by bulls heads, cherubs, eastern magi, and manitold orna ments. The custom of singing canticles at Christmas, called carols, which recalled the songs of the shepherds at the birth of Christ, cates from the time when the common people ceased to understand latin. The bishops and lower clergy often joined with the populace in carolling, and the songs were enlivened by dances and by the music of tambours, guitars, violins, and ergans. Fathers, mothers, sens, and daughters mingled together in the dar.ee ; if in the night, each bearing in his hand a lighted wax taper. Many collection* have baen made of these nnive mediaeval carol* ahicb filled the hours between the nocturnal masses, and which sometimes took the place of psalm* in the churche*. Of perhaps the oldest of these collections, only, a single leaf remains, containing 2 enrols, preserved in the Bodleian library, in a volume of "Christmasse Carolles," printed by Wynkin do Worde in 1521. Davies Gilbert published a volume of "Aacient Christmas Carols," with the tunes to which they were formerly sung in England, and William Sandys made a more complete collection (LomJn 1833). The carols ef the Welsh are especially celebrated, and their I-Jfye Carulan (Book of Carols) contains •"*>, and their Blodeugerdd Cytnru (Anthology of Waie) contain* 38. The German carols ware ! collected by Weinhold (Gratz., 1853), and one ef the best of the many editions of French carols (noclil was published at Poitiers in 1824. During the lat days proceeding Christmas it is still the custom fer Calnbrian minstrels to descend from the mountains to Naples and Rome, salu ting the shrines of the virgin mother with their wild music, under the |oetical notion of cheering her uatil the birth-time of her infant at the approaching Christ ma*. In a picture of the nativity by Raphael he has introduced a shepherd at the door playing on a aort of bagpipe. Preparatory to Christmas the bell* are -ung at dead midnight throughout Eng land and the continent; and after the solemn celebration of tbe mass, for which the churches in France and Italy are magnificently adorned, it is usual for the revcllct* to partake of a collation (rcvei/- fron), that they may be better able to sus tain the fatigues of the night. Among the revels of tbe Christmas season were the so-caiied, feasts of fools and of asses, gro tesque saturnalia, which were sometimes termed "December liberties," in which everything serious wa* burlesqued, inferi ors personifying their superiors, great men becoming frolic-erne, and which il lustrate the proneness of man to occasion ally reverse the order of society and ridi cule its decencies.—ln the Protestant dis tricts of Germany and the north of Eu rope, Christmas, is often called the "children's festival," and Christmas eva is devoted to giving presents, es pecially between parents and children, and brothers and sisters, by meuns of the so-called Christmas tree. A large new bough is erected in one of the parlors, lighted with tapers, an 1 hung with mani fold gifts, sweetmeats, apples, nut*, play thing-, and ornaments. Each of these is marked with the name of tbe person for whom it i* intended, but not with the name of tbe donor, and when the whole family party is assembled, the presents are distributed around tbe room according to their labels amid joyful acclamations and congratulations. A more sober scene succeeds, for the mother takes this occa sion te say privately to the daughters, and the father to the sens, what has been observed most {praiseworthy and what most faulty in their conduct. Formerly, and still in acme of the smaller villages of North Germany, the presents made by all the parent* were sent to some one person, who, in high buskins, a white robe, a mask, and an enormous flux wig becoming the bugbear of children, known as Kneeht Rupert, goes from house to house, is received by the parents with great pomp and reverence, calls for the children, and bestows the intended gifts upon them according to the character which he hears from tho parents after se vere inquiries. A beautiful poem of Re bel, Chrint Haum, colebratees the Ger man ceremonies on Christmas eve.—lt is an old Swedish tradition, preserved in the history of Ola us, archbishop of Upsal, that at the festival of Christmas the men living in the cold northern parts are sud denly and strangely metamorphosed into wolves; and that a huge multitude of theiu meet together at an appointed place dur ing the night, and rage so fiercely against mankind and other creatures not fierce by nature, that the inhabitants of that coun try suffer more from their attacks than ever they do/rom natural wolves.—Christ mas has always been at once a religious, domestic, and merry-making festival in England, equally for every rank and eve ry age. Tha revels used to begin on Christinas eve, and continued often till Candlemas (Feb. 2), every day being a holiday till twclvth-night (Jan. G). In tho houses of the nobles a "lord of mis rule,'' or "abbot of unreason" was appoint ed, whoso office was "to uinki* tho rarest pastimes, to delight the beholder," and wlto*e dominion lasted from "All-hallow pi eve" (Oct. 31) till Candlemas day Thely larder was filled with capon*, hens, lur „ keys, geese, ducks, beef, mutton, pork, / pios, puddings, nut, plums, sugar, and „ honey. The Italians have the following j proverb: "lie has mere business than English ovens at Christmas." The tenants ( were entertained at'tho hall, and thelrd ol; the manor and hi* family encouraged evo-l . ry art conducive to mirth. i v t)n Chrlsraas eve the bey • *em rung. ( On Christmas eve the uia** was sung , ;. That only night, in all the year, Ssu the stole*) priest the chalice rear. i Then opened ante the baron's hall, , T>< a>sal, tenant, serf, and al! ; , Power laid hi* r.-U ot tulo aide, And ceremony doffed hi* pride j The heir with rosts m lu shoe*, That night might village partner choose; . All hailed, with uncontrolled delight And general voice, the happy night . 1 I That to the cottage, a* the crown, I j Brought tidings of salvation down England wa> uierry England when Old t'hiotms* brought hi* sports again 1 Tan Christum* broaeh'd the ui'gbiest i alo; Tea* Christina, told the merrie*t tale , A Christmas gatubol oft would cheer 1 A poor man's heart through halt the year. A glowing fire, utuilo ol great logs, the principal ol which was termed the yule < log, or Christmas block which might be < burned till Cundtrmai eve, kept out the j severity of the weather; ami the shun- , dunce was shared aiuul music, conjuring, I { j riddles, hot cockles, tool-plough, snap- , dragon, jokes, laughter, repartees, forfeits and dam e* The generous watsail bowi* and bowls of punch novor failed to bring tumultuous joys. The favorite aud first d.-h oil Christmas day was a soused boar'* ! head, which wa> borne to the principal table with great iale uiid *olcuiuity, "upon a silver platter, with nunstralsye." There i a '.raditiou lhalj thi* custom orig inated at * college, Oxford, in j commemoration of tho valor of a student, w ho, while on a walk reading Aristotle, j being suddenly attacked by a fu: lous wild boar, rammed the volume into the throat' of the aggre**or, crying Orateum ttt till he , had fairly cbokad the boast to death, it wa* long observed in the Christ ma* festiv ities of the inna of court, aud it is still re tained at Queen's college, where the dish is breught in to tliechaat of an old half latin ditty : Olpuf op ri dfl'ul o 1 Reddens Ittutif* Ikiminj. The bore's head in hands bring I, > With garlands gay and reteruary, 1 pray you all synge merely, m!i> in Cwsrinn, The common custom of decking tbe ( bouses and churches at Christmas with r evergreens is derived from ancient drutd t practice*. It was an old belief that sylvan spirit* might fiock to the evergreens, unnipped by frost till a milder season. | The holly, ivy, roseniury, bays, laurel, and mistletoe furnished the favorite trimming* which were not removed till Candlemas Chaplfl* ef these were also worn shout t the head, a practice to which the phrase* j to "kiss under the rose," to "whisper un- I der the mistletoo," are allusion* In old t church calendars Christmas eve is mark ed : Tcmpla exornautur (adorn the e England the most esteemed Christinas v evergreens though at the two universities the windows of tho college chapels are j decked with laurel. It wa* an old Eng . li*h superstition that on Christmas eve a the oxen were always found on their I knees, as in an attitude of devotion, and : that alter the change from old to new f style they continued to do this only on the ? eve of old Christma* day. This was de rived frem a prevalent mediaeval notion that an ox and an a** which wero present jat the nativity fell upon their knee* in a " I suppliant poture, at appear* from nu ' I mcrous prints, and from the Latin poem of Sannazariu* in tho loth century. It , cat an ancient tradition, alluded toby Shakespeare, that midnight spirits forsake the earth and go to their own confine* at t tho crowing of the cock, and that Ever'gainst Uiat soasan comes Wherein our daviour * birth is celebralad, - Thi* bird of dawning tiageth all night long; " And then, they say, no spirit *tirs abroad ; r The nights are wholesome; then no planet ( i strikes ; No fairy takes, nor witch hath power to ' charm, d So hallowed and e gracious is tho time. ,! There was a fatuous hawthorn in the it churchyard of Glastonbury abber. which , always h&dded on the 24th and blossomed on the 'ith of Dec. After the change of II style it was observed that it blossomed on n Jan. 5. which would have been Christmas i- day U. 8. It it said that slip* from this , thorn are preserved which blossom on Jan. &to the ji*e*cnt time Near Raleigh d there i a rallev said to have bean caused e centuries ago by an earthquake which p swallowed up a whole village and a church. It was formerly a custom for people to assemble here on Christmas d morning, to listen to the ringing of the >. bells of rhe church beneath them. Tho e Christmas celebration* in England have lost their primitive boisterous character, ■* the gvmbols and carol* are nearly e gone by, and family raunions and h evergreen trimmings are nearly all that c remain of the various rough merriments which used te mark the festival. Tho last • memorable appointment of a lord of mis- V rule was in It>27, wh'-n he had come to be denominated "a grand caiilaine of mis chiefs." Tba poems of licrrick contain v many descriptionsof olu Engli.h Christmas e celebrations.—ln tho United Btates, since i. the I'uriUas weie at first stern opponents of Christmas pastimes, tho day hat been les generally celebrated in New England b than in tho middle and southern stale*, i- It has been made a legal holiday in tome I ofthe states, and is usually observed by a religious service sad by making presents and aot unfrequently by trimming bouses i* and churches with evergreens, and by irui tating the German custom of Christians trees. How tht> King Tried it in I'hila I delpliia i- A correspondent of tbe World says: i, To the surprise of tho moat sanguine e friend of reform, and even to the members of tbe ring thcinselven, thia i. city, which wag calculated to returu i- at least 40.000 against tbe proposed - organic law, turned out of the old i well-worn rut* and gave a majority >r for the constitution, the figures e amounting to nearly 34,000. Gigantic e arrangement* to consummate fraud • were made. Fifty cm| loyea of the ° Cußtom-houge nud the Post-office in J Baltimore were imported into the e city and quartered at 208 .South '* Broad street ( Bunting's old tavern)' '• and at the Columbian House, on the n same street, above Arch. These men ' were paid S2O each, and operated '• extensively in the Tenth, the Ninth, r aud adjacent wards. They were '* "heeled" by well known roughs of e this city. Besides these foreign! importations, the usual gangs of hoine repeaters were deployed and remuue ' rated to the tunc of $lO, and then [t corrupt Democratic inspectors of! r election were purchased and the eutire , machinery of impersonation, repeating, r and false counting nnd the attendant . wheels which work within each other . set iu motion to overcome the tight . vote that was expected from the ( State. The Police Department, a u most valuable adjunct, was used as , an assistant and it wss inutt*r of n impossibility for a citizen to have - a repeater taken into custody. Orders i, were issued to this effect. The Fire a Department which is another political • machine, was employed iu the work t of fraud. Outrages were common. )- Men were knocked down in almost - every ward in the city at the polls i before they could get in a ballot for! - the constitution. Book-holders hav . ing the registry lists ofthe Democracy 1 were coolly knocked down by roughs and their hooks stolen and destroyed. 1 A portion of the Baltimore gang of 1 repeaters made an attack upon an 1 advertising wagon ofthe Reform Club us it turned into Race street irom Broad and demolished (he concern, firing upon tho driver and wounding ono of the horses. No arrests were made, the police invariably nt any violent demount ration, acting upon orders, secreted ih*m*elve* lit tl.a tiood Will CllginchoUlH! ill tilt' ill ! mediate vicinity. Hut the item* of j fraud was perpetrated in the very 'office of Mayor Sink ley. The repor I tar* aaaemhled in the room* for the pur joo of obtaining the returns of the hourly vote in the wartU, which were brought them by the police, the figure# wore being given out by Health Officer Add rick a, and the newspapermen supposed that they were the hoiust return* Mayor Sink lev at tliis |><>iut came out ot hi* private office ami naked it the re porters tool secured the one o'clock return the correct figures and be ing answered iu the affirmative lie replied. "Well, coiuo in at my table ami we will compare tin in with the original figures. 1 w ant this vote to go out all right. 1 am not going to allow any man to put me iu a bole s.i 1 will see that there is no mnuipu lating done." The Mayor llieu lead oil bis list of figures, which wrought an entire transformation in the return winch in every instance of change was in favor of the cons itutiou. Last night tho city was jubilant. Bauds of music wore parading the streets | and serenading the leaders who bad distinguished themselves in the cam paign for the constitution, while heavy brasen hells mounted upon large wagons, were driven through the town announcing from their molten throats the great victory that the peo ple had achieved. SEEKETA liY HUH A III>SI >N 'S FLAG OF DISTRESS. The letter of this functionary to the Committee of Ways und Means, which wu print this morning, is a confeit I that tha national Treasury is ou the verge of bankruptcy, ami an urgent cry for help This to very different J feast from that to which we were in vited in the Presidential campaign. What glowing pictures were then . draw u of the soperahouuding resources of the Government under Geueral (■rant's Administration ! How in cessantly were the people asked whether by electiug a different Presi dent they would bring on a financial convulsion and put a stop to the rapid • and glorious extinction of the public , debt, or. by re-electing Graut, insure i a continuance uf the same boasted , prosperity ! And now, at the opening ofthe first Congress after Grain's second inauguration, we are officially ] iu formed that the Government i .sinking every day more deeply in Jdebt; that the vaunted policy of pay* i iug off the debt at the rate ufa hull , dml millions a year has l-eeti utterly - and hopelessly abandoned ; and that i barely to pay current expcnac* end - make both ends meet Congress must i- either increase the burden of taxes or a authorize news loans, it is essy to • conceive the outcry that would have • been raise*! if this had ha|>|*ncd in the first year of a Democratic Admin • i>tration. With what noiay clamor • would the contrast have ocon held tip r between the prosperity that had gone f out with General Grant and the pub ■ lie distress and bankruptcy that had c come iu with his successor! It is true " that the same calamities might have r< overtaken us if we had a change of 1 Administration. They are the inevi " table fruits of the ruinous policy that has been pursued for the last four " rears, and probably no wisdom could 1 have averted them. The only differ y euce would have been a more atalea- e > manlike application of remedies, aud l ' a thorough change of policy. According to Secretary Richard | son's account of the situation, he is tiding over present difficulties by ; drawing tipou the so-called reserve of >l forty four millions, already reduced „ to twenty six millions, aud the public debt is heavily and rapidly increas ing. The urgency of his wauts is so a great that he presses for immediste legislation, asking duties ou coffee aud ,f tea aud a higher tax ou spirits, lobar ii co, gas. railway and steamboat re* • ceipls, and express, insurance, and telegraph companies. Congress is h said to hesitate; which is nstural ■1 enough considering the boasts and promises made iu the I'residcutial r canvass With what face can the • members go before the people next • fall and solicit a re election aflei this f tlagrant violation of pledges and dis '. appointment of hopes ? So it is given j out that they talk about retrenchment ,i aud curtailing expenditures. We • have no faith that they will make any 1 substantial reduction. We shall have either new taxes, new loans, or a bank - rupt Treasury.— World. n • Deplorable Condition of the Treasury. a Washington, December 12.—The '1 desperate strait to which the mis 'o management of Secretary Richardson v has brought the treasury is at last • confessed. The secretary, seeing bis • greenback reserve, whicn he is nut- ting in circulation in violation of the plain letter uf the law, dwindling day by day, so rapidly that it is only too easy to tell just how long the balance wi!l last, comes to congress, with an appeal for nurd taxte to t . replenish his empty vaults. At the t close of business at the treasury de „ partment yesterday the outstanding u circulation was over $373,000,000, 1 or $17,000,000 more than is autho- J rized by law. m pi The finances of the government (.arc in such an unhappy plight that c the treasurer's accounts [are over -1 drawn in every direction, and there c is not an available dollar in the „ treasury outside of what is termed e the reserves, except the gold. If all , the disbursing officers should draw i their balances, the government would B ;go to protest fur want of currency; , !nor would it fare much better if all | its gold liabilities should be presented for payment, including the January coupons and the $20,000,000 of the I loau of 1833, falling due on that date , for which the fielders can demand , coin insteud of the •'> per ccut. bonds . provided for their redemption, if they , I choose. I Mr. Richardson is at tho end of his t \tether. He must have more money and the people must be taxed to i furnish it. He wauls about $42,000,- r 000 more of annual income, ho in t forms the ways aud means committee, t ami he proposes that it shall be raised ( by the restoration of taxes abolished i as no longer needful and by the in f crease of other taxes, reduced not . long since, because they wero thought i unueces-arily high. Tho tariff on tea , and coffee lie wants restored; the tax | on whisky increased ten cents n gal ; |on, and that on tobacco four cents a pound. If this does not produce the required amount be recommends the , revivul of the tax on the gross receipts - of tuilwuys and express companies . and the whole of the former schedule - B. Unless the bill which the comrait i tee will probably report in accordance with these recommendations is made 1 a party measure and whipped through tho house, it will ho hotly contested on the republican a* well as on the democratic side, and the secretary will not be likely to get bis inoiiev in time to save him from insolvency.— Tribune. Ami Kllut Kx pott ml * llriijham loony'* Nineteenth U'ije l'/nm the Ko*truu\, A ourrrapomltnt oft be Inter Ocean, writing from Salt l.nkc.auy* that ho hud the plenaurc of hearing Mrs, Ann Kiixa Wuhh Young, the nine teenth atnl Inst wife of the Prophet, Hrighitm Young, icpcut one ol the .lectures she has prepared to deliver in the Kaatern Mutes during the coming winter. Th*subject was the history of her life. Her manner wna easy and giut-efti!, and the compose lion, though plain, waa very interval iug Iter peraoiial appaarauce waa attractive and refund, and in every reaped she compares favorably with any of the popular bet ureases tliwt aro now competing for huiiora in the lecture field. Her intention la to slatl very soon on a regular lecturing tour, commencing witb the large cities. Mm. Young's suit fur divorce anil aliinoney is it-sting quietly in the • 'l'hinl Judicial District Court, Judge McKaau still reserving ltia decision ou |H>iula of law. The compromise | otli-inl by Brighatu was withdrawn j when Judge Boremau ruled in hi*, fuvor on the question of jurisdiction nml lilt* not been again renewed. It is ataleil that the Prophet it more an tioyrd at her becoiuing a public lecture** upon tho subject n| h-'t I relationship with him, than alien suit commenced. Mrs. Young it re born in 18-W; autl was first married when she was eighteen years of age She lived with this husband three vears, und had two boys to him. From this husband she was divorced by tho Probate Court,Brigham Young and Daniel 11. Wells assisting her She then lived with her mother iu South Cottonwood and ul a meeting there over which Brigham presided, she noticed his eye her during the whole service. When the meet ing was over Brigham proposer) to go home with her. Arriving at her house Brigham |iro|n>ed to Iter fa*her for his daughter in marriage, and to avs her father and brotiier from ruin, and being cut oil' from the church •he married Brigham. The ceremony was quietly perform rd in the Holy Endowment House by lleber C Kimball, the First Councilor to the l'rts'uDnt, with injunction* troui the Prophet to keep it a secret Mrs Young make* many tiieclueurvs concerning the; Holy Kmlowioent House that are, new to the outside world. After three years of wedlock with the Prophet, she separated, a* your readers have already beep inhrmed—tho first intimation of which any of iter relatives or Mormon fiicnds received bring obtained from the new-pajwni. l Her story i one uf neglected love and abuse, the want of iiecefaarv com forts, the tieo I of medtcioc and medi cal advice, and uf base and unprln cipled treatment bv her husband. The statement Johu \V. Young made to the New York Herald reporter, of her having $3,000 per annum for pin inouey, she emphatically deuies,' I and avers that beyond monthly ra lions of food of the commonest char acter she received only S3O per year, |in an older on the Cooperative store ' for her and her children's wearing j apparel. Iu regard to the Prophet's | jiarliality fur Amelia Kolsuu>,he savs is it owiug to his fear uf her, she {having a violent temper of which lie stands in great dread. There mav be something in this, but it lias been said by {utrties familiar with Brigham'* latnilies, that partiality (or Amelia •is attributable to the wonderful magnetic power she ex erases over him, and not to any love for her. It cannot be denied that, in] every separation from her, the Pro pbel is not well, and is ouly rest-red by reluriiiug and living with her. In Brighaui's public declaration* l>C{ has staled that he only, has sixteen wives. Mr*. Young declarea he ha* nine teen wive*, mid givca the maiden iikiui of each one, *alo the uatue of forty-five children. Of these wive* fifteen are married to the Prophet for i this world and for eternity, four are 1 married to hiui for litis world alone. These four were the wives of Joseph ; Smith when living and are to be his in eternity. The children of then* I four wives by llrigha.ii are also to Ibe Joseph's for his exahaliou in the great hereafter, llrigham acting as proxy husband for this world. Of the Prophet's, or as Mrs. Youug says, "the Profit's', habits we learn that he rises with Amelia at 10 o'clock, wlicu his barber calls aud makes him as good a looking man as it is possible, immediately alter which breakfast is Berved by one of the older wives, they eating alone. At dinner the Prophet, Amelia, Kliia Know, the nodosa, and the housekeeper of the We hive, have a table by themselves at one end of the room with nil the delicacies of the season, while (he rest of tue wives, with their families., six of which reside in this house, diue at another table on the plainest of fare. For the Reporter. THK TKACHKIhS MISSION. Too ninny of the young teacher* of the present day, do not fully comprehend the magnitude of the work in which they are engaged. AI most every year wo hear of teacher* having failed, and thi* tco, in their first effort at teaching The cause of these failure* are attributable In the main, to the fact, that often young persons ondingly benefited. | The teacher, stands in the same relation as a parent, and his duties are manifestly greater, since upon him depends not only tho mental training and disciplining of the young, to fit them for the various busi- i net* duties of life, but what is pre-emi- , nenlly grander, the training <>f their mor al nature*, so as to 111 them for the great 1 life-work, before them—tho preparation i for eternity, llow stupendous tho work I i Is It a'w<>ndt*r tbat the true teacher thinks at the responsibility ?—moulding sharac* Irrs for etsriillv 1 |l we •< teneliera fill' ly comprehend the import of our humble calling f I fear not. If tear hers could tiul IK* made to un ierstaud the magnitude of the work which their peculiar railing eiaeU. there would be more ceal muni feted, and a draper reverence paid to the responsibilities whieli wrd,' so lightly thought of by the young. To the young (earlier* who have Just'tailed out In this noble work, with a view of becoming per manent inilrurtois, I would aay, "V inisti thy work ; then so in peace, Lite's battle lougiit and won ; Hear from the throne the Master s voire, 'Well done, well done!' " K 8. <1 • ♦ - ANCTKNT LIKKOK AIIKRICA. Disco*ory of a llcmaikuble Grave yuid in the Had 1-iinda of Colora do host I lb-main* of liunn, P. Ir pliant*,'.Khinoccra*—An Inter • •ting letter from IVofntur Hey deu. A writer to The World toys: The barren, ironies* plaint of the far West are st this time invested with a sin gular and profound interest to the man of science. Within a few years nomereus eenu-leiios of tho extinct inhabitants that roamed over these now arid plain* thousands of years ago have been brought to light by the various exploring expedition*. We regard with a sen of reverential awe the j ancient remains dug up from the ruins of K.une and the Holy Land, and view with a sort of vague wonder tho remarkable jeilies among the luxriant forests Of Central . America, yet these wonderful old inhab itants of Colorado, Wyoming, and Dakota i were dead and buried untold age* before the people who conceived these ruins had mi existence We 11 stow the highest i honors of literature en the histeriant of our own time, as Motley and Bancroft, j'y ct the period of human history is hut a Jay compared with the innumerable age* of the past with which the geologist has I to deal. It i> the province of the geologist to re c-ontirut-t psst worlds and to rrpcople l lit-in with the ancient inhabitants; to cov er the surfaee a ilh the original tea*, lakes, mountains, and forests. This i* wnat Lysll o aplljr cells the charm ef ditcov ery, and with a true enlhu*iam he quotes the beautiful sentiment of the historian Nickuhr , "He who call* what has vanish ed back again into being enjoy* a bits* like that of creating." One of the most remarkable renult* ofj tho United State* Geological Survey, un-j der my charge during the past season, j an* the disCo* rry by Professor Cope, in j the "Bad Lands" of Colorado, of one of these wonderful graveyards ola long-past j period, distinct from that of Wyoming, { aad coiiUininßlhe o*seou remains oftgreat { population of beast* of totally different species and even order* from those of the latter age and region. They resemble | more t.early those of the White Kiver of ] | Nebraska, but many have been obtained j by I'rofcseor I -;• tint known there or iel*< where. Mo far he ha* proven the ei , istence of more than IUO species, some rep resented by thousand* of individuals. .Of these at least seventy species are new | -to science. They range from the liu of the niule t • nearly that of the elephant;! • ixueti only are reptiles. Many forms of insectivorous animal* related t > the mole, and of very small ixe have been procured. The delicacy and minuteness qf these f-t*il* is rurpriting Drawing animals, or rodents, left nu merous remains of eighteen specie*, some not larger than a domestic mouse Home wefo lb# ptedocrsM.r* of the rabbit*,' -•tber* t>: squirrels, ai.d others af mice. Of cloven-tooted quadruped* • great many tpecie* have been found. Notne were nearly interim JiaU- between the deer and tbe bog in structure. Like the latter they bad no horn*. They were about a* large a* sheep Others were about tbe six# of gray squirrel*, being the ma!!e*t of lb it clax* of animal* ever discovered Several specie* of horses were living dur ing the tatue period, at it psoren by ihe hone* and teeth which have been discov ered. Their relative, the rhinoceros, abounded in Colorado in former days, no 1 less than seven specie* having bi-cn pro cured by l*refes*-ir Cope. One ot the crimen* is a perfect skull, with teeth < i-mplcte, and coveted with the moat like cry kUlisation seen in the mos* agate. But the most remarkable monster* of tbe past who.-- existence ha* been disclosed by tbe present survey are a series of horned *|>e ciea related to the rhinoceros, hat |K**o*t ing some features in which, according to Professor Cope, they resemble the ele phant They stood high on the fig* and had short feel, but possessed osseous horn* in pair* on different part* of the head. One of tbe largest species had a ' huge hern over each eye, while another had one on each side ot the nose, and more than a foot in length, resembling on 1 the back part ofthe head the ox, etc. A > third one or larger sixe than the last had 1 rudiments! born* on tbe r.osc. Still anoth , er was about a* large as the elephant. It* 'cheek bone* were enormously ct ', panded, and Ka koriL were flat. A fifth \ specie* had triangular horns, turned out i ward. The first .mentioned species has ■ been named fiy Professor Cope uiicbasil ou* ophryas. and the others have been placed in a new genu*. It is claimed by - Pre finer Cope thatf their structure dii prove* entirely the statement of a recent 'writer, that the presence of horn* in pairs >* an indication of relationship to the ru minating animal* ;Oten, Ac.,) for these beast* are quite near the rhinoceros. Carnivorous specie* were not rare in, this ancient family, and served as now to •■lieck the too rapid increase. Of the four-, teen specie* known there were tiger cat*,( , dogs, byaenodons, and the tomareto*. a! new genus found by Prof. Cope. This ' resembles a dog, and was as Urge a* the black bear but was much more carnivor jousinils prupensitc* ; hyaenodon* were ua large and had many flesh teeth ; while sonic of the rat* had remarkably long , laninooreyo teeth. In a new species, jthe sixe of panther, these teeth greatly. I resembled those ot a shark. The reptile* embrace turtles lixards, and snakes, the last two orders discovered for the first time in this formation in America. All of the*# curious extinct lorm* of life will be carefully described for the •eventh annual report of the geological ! survey of the under the De partment of the Interior, and in the quar to erie full illustration* will be made ot all the new ipeciet Professor Cope ha* al ready obtained fr< m the ancient era and lake deposit* of Kansas, Colorado, 'Wy oming, and Idaho about MOO species of vertebral* animals, of wbich ho has made known to science fortl e first time about 'AH). The history of the succession of life on this continent, as well a* thai of ether regions oflho earth, will be made much clearer by These important discoveries, and the vast number of missing link* in the mysterious chain of life which are thus supplied throws n llood of light on the theory of evolution which is now uttract itig the favorable attention of the best scientific minds in ell parts of the world. These discoveries )iavc a special interest also, wth reference to the history of the human species. 1 lie alt \ e m count pr< sent* to the road er only a mere glimpse of the valuable re sults of lire past season's labor*, and wo hope to recur to llieui again very soon. A PROPHECY OF SCIKNCK Prof. Alexander Winchell's lecture at the CoOfierjlnstitute, was entitled "dimp les of tho Futuro." Having in his previ ous iecluius 'vhown tho probable origin 1 and formation o the earth and the worlds that make up the universe, ho in this lec- ture described the final end of this world as fotrshadoWed by the - results of *< iefl title research, Ilis argument was that the planets were eventually precipitated Into the tun. The cuuiwU, he mid, wero winding up their raro#r faler and fatter, and in the end will be precipitated into the tun. Il hat been laid thai there it a continual rain • f particle* upon the tun, and that by their impart |U beat ii kept up. Itul if ihUwattha cate, tba matt of tha tun would ha increased, which la not thown to ha a fact; again, thaia failing masse* would not he anough to kaap up that heat. The returning pariodt of the comata art growing thortar ; tiny always coma hack a Httla too toon. Tha earth it shortening ita year and drawing nearer to tha tun. All the planrtt are plowing their way through a resitting medium, and yaartago it began to be calculated what would hatha and of that reaialanee. We have sbuu dant evidence of that retltianea. It ia well deiiieutiralad that the light from tha tun it propagated in tba form of undu la tionii. Tha light of aach alar hat trembled along lit path on |the wingt of ether ia tome rata* lor 70,000 yean. Through tha retitunca of thla > but a *eries of incident* to ward* the attainments of an ultimate equilibrium. All the sure have their own , proper motion, some approaching each other, others separating. It is said that our system is approaching the constella tion Hercules. The conclusion is obvious that if all these sun* are executing their movements around centers of gravity, through this resitting medium, they will ultimately bt precipitated upon these cen ter*. The evidences are thai our sun is moving iu an orbit so large that it will taka Ih.UUU.UUU years to go over it once. It has bean shewn that tbera was a begin ning within finite time, and wa have traced a continual progress. Therefore there must boa determination within fin iilie time, however vast the period may be. This is one of the cycles of matter, and it seems piobable that when this end of the period is reached, when the forces of matter stop, the arm of the Almighty will again be stretched eul, calling again into motion all these materials forming new worlds and system*. Short lidge & Co., PROPRIETORS OF THE Bellefonte Lime Quarries. (The only Manufacturers of Lime, burnt exclusively with wood, in Centra) Pennsylvania. UEALEBBIN Anthracite Coal, White Lime, Du I'ont'a Powder, -{Sporting and Blasting Powder on hand, Fuse for Blasting, Fire Brick, Gruuud Fire Clay, Fertilisers, Implements. I jan*) 73 f, Office aed yard near South end of the Bald Eagle .Valley Kail road Depot, Belle- j f-mte, Pa. jan10.73 rpiiK undersigned, determined to meet I the popular demand for Lower ' i Price*. respectfully call* the attention of the public to his slock of SADDLERY, - now offered at the old stand. Designed < specially for the people and the tune*, the largest and most varied and complete as ' > soUmeiit of i Saddle*. Harness, Collars, Bridies, '• of every dcori|>ti press, it aas accordingly been the aim of ' the editors to bring down the information !to the latest possible dales, and to furnißi an accurate account ofthe most recent dis i coveries in science, of every fresh produc tion in literature, and ot tha newest inven tion* in the pactical arts, as well as to give a succinct and original record of the progress of political and historical event*. The work has been begun after long and careful preliminary labor, and with the most ample resources for carrying it on to j a successful termination. 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Although intruded for instruction rather . than embellishment, no pains have been , spared to insuro their artistic excellence; { the cost of their execution is cnor.nous, , and it is believed they will find a welcome reception as an admirable feature of the , Cyclopaedia, and worthy of its high char acter. Thi* work it sold to Subscribers only, pavable on delivery of each volume. It will be completed in sixteen large octavo volume*, each containing about MX) pages, fully illustrated with several thousand Wood Engraving*, and with numerous colored Lithographic Maps. Price and Style of Binding. In extra Cloth, per vol., $3,00 In Library Leather, per vol., 0,00 In Half Turkey Morocco, par v 01...... 7,00 In Half Kussia, extra gilt, per volß,oo In Full Moiocco, antique,gilt edges, per vol 10,00 In Full Kussia, per vol., 10,00 Three volumes now ready. 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