Editor.
0
Centre Hall, Pa., Mar. 13,18*3.
Lli
TERMS.—The RvrowT** U published
weekly at $2 per year, in advance, or
when not paioin advance. For six month"
half these rates. „ , „
Advertisements sl, P*r -l,f"
lines) (or three insertion. AdvertisemenU
for 8, 6 and 12 months, at reduced rates.
Anv person sending us the names of six
new subscrihesr, with etheash, will re
ceive the RaroatKß one year flee.
About Whitewashing
Old-time housekeepers were waut to
do their white-washing ia the spring,
when vegetation puts on its uew coat
and the air is lVagrant with new born
blossoms, but our late radical congress,
has upset the good old custom —as
it has upset a good many things—and
has done all its white-washing in mid
winter. The reasou why house-keep
ers do that kind of work in spring
time, is because it will thou "stick''
for the summer, hence the white-wash
ing done by congress, on Potnerov,
Caldwell, Patterson, Colfax, Wilson,
Bingham, Kelley. Harlan, and the
rest of the radical bribers and Mobi
lierites although no lime was spared,
and the wash was .daubed on thick,
yet it will not stick, but scales off as
aoon as the brush is removed, and no
amount of glue or other sticking mat
ter, added to the mixture, would
avail, the sharp eye of an outraged,
insulted, and plundered people can see
through it.
What was done by the late congress
all this winter ? Nothing, all the
time, but investigate fraud, bribery,
corruption ami plundering committed
by its own high and shining lights,
from Vice President Colfax on down
to the saintly and hypocritical Harlan
and Pomeroy. And did it punish any
of these worthies ? Not one —but its
committee of investigation sat, like
a chemist in his laboratory, to com
pound a white-wash that would hide
the sins of these scoundrels. They
have failed in their attempt, in the
eyes of every honest American they
have utterly failed, and the subjects
they attempted to white-wash arejield
guilty by an outraged people.
The Credit Mobilier crew was
whitewashed wholesale but the gloss of
corruption was too firmly rooted, the
white wash will not stick.
Pomeroy, who was proven guilty of
buying members of legislature of Kan
sas, to vote for his re-election to the U.
8. Senator, upon whom the crime was
fastened by the oath of senator York,
to whom he paid 87000 for his vote,
to Pomeroy the committee applied a
coat of thick white-wash, but the ran
cid grease of a corrupt senatorial ca
reer will not affiliate witlw the white
wash, and the people hold old subsidy
Pom guilty nevertheless.
Caldwell, another senatorial briber
of Kansas legislators, who bought up
the almost entire legislature of bis
state, as the evidence clearly showed,
he was smeared all over with the com
mittee's white-wash, to which was ad
ded a copious proportion of a uew in
gredient, discovered by the committee,
called "stranger-to-political-ways-and
inexperienced''. We like this latter
stuff, it comes in so nice to whip the
devil around the stump, when the cul
prit is proven guilty. But this is too
thin, too.
Thus might we lead the readers of
the Reporter on, through the entire
long list, of radical rogues, upon whom
lakes of white-wash have been brush
ed by the radical committees of inves
tigation of this radical congress, bu
why need we enumerate farther, our
readers know all—the people know
all—and the scoundrels are condemned
in tbe eyes of all honest men —demo-
crats aud republicans.
The Evans Case.
The Evans embezzlement case was
tried before Judge Pearson, at Har
risburg, last week. On the 6th the
jury entered the court with their ver
dict, which is that they allow Geo. O.
Evans, the defaulting State agent,
five per cent on the suspended and
disallowed claims, amounting to $199,-
000 and ten per cent ou the vouchers
forwarded by Auditor General Ilart
ranft, amounting to s£oo,ooo, Evans
claimed $291,000 on tbe collections,
and allowed himself that sum, but the
jury are of the opinion that he is en
titled to only $142,000, and accord
ingly [returned a verdict in favor of
the State for $136,000. The first and
second counts of the indictment,
charging Evans with embezzlement
were stricken out by Judge Pearson
because Evans was not a State offi
cer, and he was tried as au agent for
the collection of money, drc. The
case may be carried up to the Supreme
Court.
The 42 Congress.
The Congress which has just ended
its career, is one of the most infamous
of ali tho infamous congresses that
we have had. It winked at every
species of wrong, outrage and corrup
tion to which its attention has been
called. The Sun aptly remarks of
it:
The Forty-second Congress I As its
members sneak home with the
monev of the people lining their pock
ets, even boys at their marbles in the
streets will point to them, one Bayiog
to his comrade, "There goes a member
of the Forty-second Congress!" and
the comrade, not deigning to raise his
eyes from his play, will respond,
"And of course, a thief!"
This has been Secor Robeson's Con
gress.
This has been brotber-in-law Casey's
Congress.
This has been brazen-browed Pinch
back's Congress.
This has been drunken Judge Dur
ell's Congress.
This has been the Congress of the
French arms swindle.
This has been the Congress of
Grant's New York Custom House
whitewashing.
This it the Congress which looked
approvingly upon Harlan V accep
tance ofDurnnt s checks for SIO,OOO
to aid him in purchasing hia t*ennto
lial seat.
This is tlio Congress which saw Ben
Butler overawo one of its committees
because it allowed it to be proven tlmt
Ben took $10,0(H) from th Vnion
Pacific Railroad for drawing np a
contract.
This is the Congress which has con
doned Colfax's perjury.
This is the Congress which let
Ponteroy put at the back door of the
I ndcpendenco ban k dodge.
This is the Congress which furnish
ed Patterson with a coating of white
wash to go home in—hut very thin,
though.
This it the Congress which, in the
face of the damning proofs o( Senator
Clayton's frauds, said to that shame
less scoundrel, "Well done, good and
faithful servant!"
This is the Cougrew which dared
not turn out Caldwell for buying his
seat in the Senate because the Senate
feared'tliat iu response to nearly eve
ry vote in the affirmative the culprit
would rise up and sav, ou're anoth
er!"
This is the Congress which bound
the sins and iuiquties of Colfax, Pat
terson, Allison, Logan, Wilson, Kel
lev. Dawes, Blaine. Bingham, Gar
field, Schotield, and we know not how
many other tainted Senators an.l Rep
resentatives, u pon the shoulders of
Oakt-s Ames and James Brooks, with
inteut to send them as scapegoats into
the wilderness, but failed to do so be
cause it turned out that there were
uot enough viituous members in the
house to expel theeorrupt ones.
This is tne Congress which great
railway corporations owned and used
as their needs required, and which a
venal lobbv bought aud sold day by
day.
This is the Congress which some
Afacaulay of the next century will de
scribe as more infamous than that
Parliament which originated Law's
celebrated Mississippi scheme, and
more corrupt than their Parliaments
which Walpole used to purchase as he
bought Merino sheep and Flanders
uiares to stock his estate iy Sussex.
Iu fiue, this is the Congress which
ibo American people yesterday, a>
tne clock struck twelve, hooted out of
the Capitol!
The rate of interest in this Com
monwealth is at present attracting the
attention of our Legislature Ihe
following is part of an act now under
consideration in that body :
That from and after the uussago of
ibis act it shall and may be lawful for
any person or corporation within this
Cbratnonweallh to contract to pay or
reserve discount at any rate and to
contract for payment and receipt of
any rrte of iuterest not exceediug
twelve per cent per annum. Provid
ed, however, te.at no greater rato ot
interest than six per cent, per annum
shall be recovered In any action ex
cept w hen the agreements to nay such
greater rate of interest shall be in
writing.
Mr. Orvi made a speech upon this
bill, which will be fouud iu another
column. The Watchman, we see, is
strongly in favor of the above bill.
Forgeries have beeu practiced
against the Bank of England to the
amount of 2 million dollars, which
has caused considerable excitement iu
financial circles. The names forged
were those of the Rothchilds, and the
work was so well doue that the Roth
childs themselves only detected it by
the different shade of the ink used.
We are pleased to notice that the
valuable services that our member,
Mr. Orvis, is rendering the jieople in
opposing legislative jobs, is bringing
him the thanks of the pret. The
Patriot coptes our recent article, rela
tive to Mr. Orvis, and warmly en
dorses it all. The Age, of 6th inst.,
has the following :
Mr. Orvis, the member of the house
from Centre county, recently objected
off the private calendar bill exempt
ing a large amount of property, in
this city, from taxation. Why was it
necessary that this duty should be
performed by a member from the in
terior ? Were none of the Represen
tatives from the city present to act for
the property-hoiders and tax-payers?
Did they not know that more than
fifty-four million dollars worth ol
property in the city is already exempt
from taxation, while the balance of
five dollars and twenty cents on the
hundred dollars of full valuation?
These are facts known to all our rep
resentatives in the House, and yet
they report bills to swell the volume
of untaxed property, and increase the
burdens upon other real estate. These
bills are put upon the private calen
dar, and run through without any no
lice. But Mr. Orvis has taken cer
tain of these bills from off the special
list. Tbey will uotv have to be called
up by a member, and defended upon
some pretext. This will enable the
people of this city to see who is de
creasing the basis of taxation and add
ing to toe burdens of the masses. We
regret that a stranger had to interpose
a shield between improper legislation
and the people of Philadelphia. But
it was a proper, manly act, and he
has our thanks and that of every tax
payer in the city. We will now see
if the House will pass all the bills ob
jected to by Mr. Orris.
Gov. Hartranft has vetoed the act
incorporating the new Miillinburg
Bank.
The Boston Herald's Washington
correspondent, in order to acquaint
tho public with the most approved
methods of pronouncing the name of
the famons Credit Mobiiier, sends the
following as trustworthy guide. You
nays your money and you takes your
choice :
J. B. Alley—Credit Mo-beel-yia.
Judge Polan—Credit J/o-bil-air.
O&kes Ames —Credit Mo-bil-ay.
Gen. Banks—Credit Mo-bil-ly-a.
S. Dillon—Credit Mo-bil-eer.
Stevenson—Cred-dy Mo-bill-ee.
[Colfax can't pronounce it.
Obituary.
PITTSBUKO, March 5.—C01. Win.
Hopkins, of Washington county, a
member of the Constitutional Conven
tion, and for many years an uctivc
leader of the Democracy, died to-day
in the Union Depot Hotel in this
city.
Mr Hopkins was a member of the
Legislature during the Bucksbot war,
ana was speaker of the House, called
the Hopkius house.
None but Protestants can hold office
in New Hampshire.
Mr. Orvis opposes the bill appro
priating $500,000 to thecentennial cele
bration, to be held in Philadelphia
in 1878.
Riot In New Orleans
TV Militia W ISH* the l\>lice
New Orleans, March s.—Between
0 ami 10 o'clock to-night tin* AfcLn*
cry militia attacked the iliird pre
cinct police fUtmu. They commenced
the attack by tiring into the .build
itiff. The tiling was ret unit d by the
polite. Soon after Geo. Badger,
Chief of the Mctropolitian police,
moved down Charles street from Ca
nal with about two hundred men and
one piece of artillery. ignite a large
crow I had by this lime collected
about Jack sou square and ou the
atretic leading there. When near the
crowd Ceii. Badger ordered tlient to
disperse. The militia refuted t<> give
way, when the police fired a blank
carlriilge, and soon after another shot
was fired. This time the gun was
lea ic<l with grape. By this, one man
was killed and several wounded.
Another chargo of grape was fired on
Starr street. Some ten or twelve are
reported wounded, but only one man
is reported killed. As far as known
only one policeman was wounded dur
ing the entire fight.
At 10 a nr. the city was perfectly
quiet lhi> morning. No trouble is ap
prehended to-day. It is now stated
that Gov, McKnery did not author*
iio the movement made hv the militia
la*t night. Tne Metrojiolitans are in
quiet poteession, with the L'nited
Mates troops in the rear supporting
their stuiions The urilitia have all
dispersed. Ihe citiseus generally
seem to regard the attack last uight
as premature. The object of the Fu
sioiiista in making it does not clearly
appear, but it is supposed to bave
beeu with theview of snowing that the
people would uot quietly submit to
tiie Kellogg goveruiueut.
Colfax as Nebitt s Lawyer
Discovery of an Argument, Signed ly
the YtcfPreeident, in the l'o*t HrKce
Jiepartment in huvor oj .VsAtfts
Contract.
Washington, March 2. —The dis-
I covery iu the Post-Office Department
i of a long written argument in favor of
the continuance of Nesbitt's envelope
f contract for the benefit of his heirs,
' signed by Schuyler Colfax, naturally
makes some sensation here. Very lit
tle auprise is expressed, however.
Doubtless there are some simp'e-miud
ed people who believed the Vice-Presi
dent's story about the disinterested
generosity of hia unknown (rieud who
regularly mailed hiui a SI,OOO check
every quarter and wanted no favor iu
return, but such people don't live in
Washington.
The disiuteresud friend Ncsbitt, it
appea-ts, did uot lavish money on his
favorite statesman without purpose.
His contract was about to ruu out,
and he wanted a friend at Court. He
took Mr. Colfax into his pay, and in
due time, though after the death of
Mr. Nesbitt, the Vice-President earn
iod his S 1,000 by securing the contin
i uance of the coulract. That is the
: whole storv in brief.
Postmaster-General Creswell says
that he is not responsible for the pub
licitv of the fact of the existence of
Mr. Colfax's written argument iu his
department. Ho bus known that
such a document was on tile, but has
done nothiug cither to make it public
or to kacp it secret.
The Republican Party Responsible
The people should not forget, says
the N. Y Sun, that the Republican
party has a large majority in both
Houses of Congress. The President
is also the representative of that |arty;
and the Republican* are thus respon
sible for what is not done by both
the legislative and executive branches
of the Government.
By tbe action of the House of Rep
resentatives on Thursday the Repub
iicau party assumed the full responsi
bility ot the Credit Mobilicr bribery,
prevarication, aud perjury. The of
fences proved ; the guilty parties
were known ; all but oue of tiiein were
Republicans; and the Kepublicau
majority in the House decided that
they should not be puuistied. The
Republicans thus took upon their own
shoulders the burden of the whole
mass of crime aud corruption.
Iu the same way the Republican
party, through its President aud .its
majority in Congress, is responsible
for the unparalleled outrage upon law
and liberty that have been committed
in Louisanna.
Corruption without parallel, usur
pation such as was never before im
agined in this country —these are the
work of the Republican party, and
these its protects and perpetuates.
The great question is whether there
is still virtue enough in the people to
put away this corruption aud to de
fend and preserve their liberties
against the power of the Republican
party. The case is desperate and the
rcsu.t seems doubtful.
Colfax's Deposits
We suggested the other day that
Colfax's second deposit might as well
contain Nesbitt's money as the depos
it which was nearest in time to his re
ceipt of Oakcs Atues's $1,200. The
Poland Committee took the hint, look
ed in at the hank, and now Colfax,
hearing of it, comes out with an expla
nation that a gift from Ncabitt did
make up the second deposit, but that
it was another gift, and that all the
same lie had received 81,000 in a
greenback, from a man now dead, in
a letter now lost, and all the rest of it.
So it turns out that Nesbitt, the con
tractor for Government envelopes, was
in the habit ot sending the Speaker a
thousand dollars in checks, every now
and then, and his letters were preserv
ed and are now published by Colfux,
all except that particular letter which
contained the 81,000 greenback guard
ed by a three cent postage stamp —and
that, alas, is lost!
So Colfax stands bribed worse than
ever, once and all the while
by Nesbitt, hut as a mere liar be is
becoming uninteresting. Next week
he will probably feign insanity from
over-smoking, move to a lunatic asy
lum for the summer mouths, and next
fall re-enter his usual round of tem
perance societies and young men's
Christian associations. —World.
Tho New York Financier prints a tab
ular statement of tho number of miles of
r< ad controlled by tho Pennsylvania Rail
road Company, cither by lease or by own
ership of a majority of the stock. The
list embraces sixty-three railroads, includ
ing those now being constructed. These
are all made tributary to tho main lino
from Philadelphia to Pittsburg, and their
termini are distributed in every Htnte in
the Union. Including the Union Central,
and Texas Pacific the total extent of lines
will be nearly sixteen thousand miles, and
the grand aggregate of capital invested in
them will bo at least StJ7O,UOO,UOO. Be
sides these there are two hundred and fif
ty miles of canal and a line of four steam
ships now building to run between Phila
delphia and Liverpool. The .total capital
invested in these means ol transportation,
controlled by one organization, will
scarcely fall short of S7ftt,(XX),OCW. It will
thus be seen that nearly one-third of the
railroads of the United States are under
thi control ol one corporation. i
The Inauguration was great In display, f>
hut the V\ est Point cadets bad to stand in e
the cold and itnrm without overcoat* all <>
day and without any thing to cat. c
! t 1
USURY LAWS.
M'EKCH tip JoilK 11. OK V is, IN Till. •
ItOl'SK, FEB , J7th i
Mr. Chairman, when this bill was und<: '
consideration before tho General Judiciary '
Committee, 1 thought 1 was very clear a. '
to the propriety of Its enactment; but when; 1
it was considered some three weeks ago in '
the committee of the whole, and there WHS '
an almost unanimous expression of opinion '
from the gentlemen representing the rich ■
agricultural counties against it, F felt con- 1
strain.! to review my opinions upon tills. 1
subject, ami to rconsider the (acts uud
nigumciits upon which I hail predicated j'
llnno opinions. Although I entertain the 1
profoundest respect lor llie opinions of my it
friends sitting around ute, I have been ■
(breed to the same conclusions 1 bad >
it-ached when this bill was first under con . >
sidcration. I propose now to submit to this'}
committee some few of the many reasons
which have lt d uiy mind to the conclusion,
that the time has come when we should re-; 1
peal all laws against usury; thai is, all]*
laws attempting to regulate the price '
which may be paid annually for the use of
money. j
In order to properly understand n qucs (
lion of this character, it is necessary lej i
keep in view'the history ot legislation in j I
civilised countries on this subject. The '
principle sought to be expunged from the 1
statute books of Pennsylvania by this bill''
has been recognised and enforced in *
ibis State for a hundred and fitly years, 1
mid m the country from which we derived v
eur common law ever since the twenty
seventh year of the reign of Henry V 1 IT, '
when the first usury law was enacted In 1
England. It is therefore incumbent upon '
tho-e who support this bill to show that] I
the taws which have been in existence for
so long a period ot time bad originally no
foundation in the lea ton or nature of M
things, or that such fundamental change, )
have occurred in the constitution and hah->
its of society as to make such laws no lon J
get applies >le. ' I
What i the principle underly ing all us- •
ury laws f T hat it is the duty ot govern-' i
meiit to prescribe the rate of compensation ||
which uiay be received by the owner of) 1
money or accumulated capital for its use:<
when loaned or hired to others. Had this
proposition any real or substantial founds- \
lion in the nature of things ' That the use i
of capital or money is valuable no one i
will new deny. That where the owner ofi
aceumulaled capital chooses to loan or htre>i
it to another rather than use it himself, he
should be compensated by the borrower,'
fbr the use of it is a proposition of a!iue>t]
universal acception. The idea once main-'
tained that it was sinful to take money for
the use of money no longer prevails to any
extent in Christendom, at least the legisla
tion of no country is predicated upon it, j
and the members of the tew sects who,
teach it in theory do not always carry it.
out hi practice.
It being conceded that the owner of ac.
cumulated capital, or money, is entitled tA'
receive some compensation fur its use when
loaned or lured, the next question is Aose
rtH.-A compensation may be rightfully re
ceive? It this compensation is fixed by
the law sof nature; it there is a natural and
uniform relation Itetween capital and its'
annual earnings, human enactment* should
conform to this natural law. It will not,
however, be pretended by the opponents
of i)u* kill there is any natural rate of in
terest ; the emir* legislation of the world
i- again.t such an idea. Ity the act of 27,,
If ;'t \ 111 I ::■ referred to. the legui
rate ef interest in England was fixed at ten
per cent. It was subsequently reduced to
eight, six, and then five per cent. In oor
own country the same w ant of uniformity
in 'lie legal rate of interest has always ex
isted. In Louiiinna the rat# hat been fixod
' at five per cent, in Pennsylvania and a
large number of other States at six, in
New York and other States at seven, in
Texas and other Slates at eight, while in
Calilornia and other Slates at ten. That it
is just as mom) and proper t>> borrow mon
ey at seveu per cent, in Xcw York, at
eight per cent, in Texas, or nt ten per cent
in California as it is at six per cent in
i Pennsylvania, no one will pretend to do-,
• nv. Why, then, should our law establish
six per cent, or any other fixed rate of in-
I terest w hen there is nonu established in or
;by the law of nature ? If it is right to take
j compensation at all for the u-c of money,
I it i< right to take as much as that use was
woith to the borrower, or as much as the
I money would have earned for the owner,
j had he retained and uied it himself. I
| there then anything in the experience of
| business men tbrougliwut the world tc
I prove that money is worth six per cent.,
I and no more f No, millions of dollars are
invested that bring the owner but two,
'three or tour per cent . while million*
more are invested hi b bring ten, twenty,
thirty, and even fifty pet cent., while that
invested by in tcrprisifig members of Con-,
gross in Credit Mobiuar stock r< turned
seven and eight hundred per cent. The
annual earning* of capital being so widelv
different under different circumstance*. !t
mu-t be apparent that any Isw establishing,
an indexible rate of interest can only be
i defended upon the supposition that some
public good of paramount itnpor-i
la i. c will bo teen red thereby. t'pon this
ground I believe all taws against usury
have been upheld and defended in times
pa-t It is alleged there are certain inter
est* in every community which the Legis
lature is bound to protect, and of which it
is the proper guardian, which might be
destroyed orendat jured if capitalists weie
permitted to contrast tar more than a giv
en rate of compensation for the use of their
capital.
Lut us examine this proposition and seo
if it ha* any substantial foundation. That
it belong* to the ordinary right* and liber
ties of n citizen to make contracts concern
ing his own property. unrestrained by law,
i* too clear lor doubt Why then should
this right or liberty bo restrained or
abridged in the tingle rase of a contract
for a loan or hire o< money when the same
parties are left unrestrained to make con- j
tract* contenting all other kinds of proper
ty ? It is contended that there are several,
( iasses in every community, who, if they ,
were permitted to make contracts for the |
use of money, would make such unwise i
and improvident bargain* as would bring i
not only bankruptcy- and ruin upon them- ,
selves, hut groat injury qnon tho public at i
large, aud therefore their own and the ,
public good require that they should be re- ,
strained from making such contracts. The .
classes of persons usually named a* being ,
incompetent to exercise this right of mak-',
ing contracts (or themselves on thi- subject j
are the youug and inexperienced, the in- q
experienced, the indigent and necessitous, t
tho prodigal and the visionary speculator,
Persons belonging to these several classes, |
it is believed, ir left unrestrained, wouldjt
make improvident and extravagant bar t
gains, would contract to pay a higher rate t
of interest, for the use of money, than any',
business in which they invested it could >
afford, and this ultimately bring* bank-',
ruptcv and ruin upon themselves, and ,
thereby indirectly injure the public, It r
will he observed that the law does not pro
pose to act as tho guardians for these tame
persons in regard to any other subject': : '
they are permitted to make provident or''
improvident bargains, xvisc or foolish can- '
tract* for tlu purchase, sale, loan, or hire J
of every imaginable kind of property oth- 1
cr than money. That tho legitimate busi- l v
ncss of tho county cannot afford more than 1 J
six per cent, lor tho use of money, and ■
therefore persons should,bo limited to that 1
rate in making bargains is an idea put for- 'J
ward in many forms by the gentlemen who
ure opposed to this bill. Let us illustrate ?
their idea.
A desires to engage in agriculture and '
proposes to invest in n farm worth ten 11
thousand dollar*. 110 ha* hut nine thou*- *
and dollar*, which ho can sparo for that H
purpose, and wishes to hcrrww the other!]'
ono thousand dollar*. He can obtain iti J
from H. Nt seven percuuL Now, this Leg
islature says, "we cannot permit that; ag- F
riculturc doe* not pay more than six per
cent, on the money invested in it; it would °
therefore bo injurious for A t> borrow *'
any capital at a higher rale than that to in- *
vest in land; but, if for the want ol ready p
money, he chooses to agree to pay the "
former owner five hundred dollars or one *'
thousand dollar* additional for his farm,
that is n matter of hi* own, which the law d
ha* and should have no control aver." b
fir, if A chase to pay fifteen or twenty I
thousand dollars for a farm which all hi* ■*'
neighbor* agrco was worth but ton, no one w
would projioso to declare tiie contract void '>
because it was improvident. ti
A young man may not borrow two liun-
dred dollnr* at eight per cent, with which b
to buy a horse, bccauso it is improvident
and foolish, but ho may buy tho same r
horse on credit at five hundred dollars and t<
the bargain will be enforced. He inuy not
borrow money at mote than six per cent to i'
invest in u legitimate aud profitable bu.-i- >'
ncss, because our wise legislators think lie *1
cannot afford it, but he may contract debt* j
without limit for lino clothing, jowelry,
rich turnouts and high living, and nil the "
debts are recognized as legal and binding. (<
The poor man may not borrow money at *
seven or eight per cent to imy off an in- tj
cuuibrance upon bis little home, because "
we, his guardians, know that money is
worth but six per cent; but to raise the
money he may sell that IBHIO little home
at less than hulf its value, and the title of tl
the pqgchaitcr will be unquestionable. He
way not borrow money at more than six L
per cent with which to purchase the nee- oi
essaricx for his wifo and children, but may d
purchase the same necessaries on credit nt ii
twice this yaluc. tl
Wo say to the enterprising man of busi- a
ncsf. whom we call u speculator, "You tj
shall not borrow money at more than six ol
per cent to invest in mining, inanufactur- tli
tug, or other enterprise by which wealth is ki
treated, because we know you cannot af- se
ford It; but you may embark In the Mine I
i<nlvrprias> without capital, and do a nun- 1
DM* busliie** upon credit although all your 'l
customers nie injured thereby. You may!
nt pay uiglil per emit for monny Invested]
in town or city lots, although you are well'
assured they will double in value within a
year, but yo i may purcbaso tho same lot*
on credit at o high a price that yon moat
nei'''*arlly '<>• by thebargtln. Yog may
not borrew at mere than i x t<er cnt the
apiallest proSHirlion* of capital you iffisl In
tfic most •*(*' nod profitable buiui'*t; but
all you have of yxmr own and all you can
borrow from your neighbor* at It per
cent you may venture and lose in the most
visionary enterprise, and the law will not
charge you witti improvidence." Need I
cite more e\ample* t * demonstrate the ab
surdity of the proposition that the Legisla
ture i, or ought to be, the guardian In this
respect of tin -e • la*ei of people?
Whenever the Legislature arrogate* to
Itself the right to control individuals In!
the making of eontiaet* because the in
terest of the individual* require* it, it
mut bo upon the assumption that the Leg
islatrue possesses more knowledge and in- 1
formation up it the sub|ecl than the indi
vidual* interested. Take an illustration I
The gentleman from Allegheny desires to
rnibark in the bituminous coat business.
From long experience in the business, and
a thorough *|id intonate knowledge of Ulei
advantage* of the locatiob, he i* well at-'
sund ho can make fifteen or twenty per
cent annually upon all the capital he em
ploys, Not having enough of hit own ho
i- anxious te borrow at reasonable rales.
Hut the gentlemen from Berks and Le
high. who may have neverseen a bitumin
ous d>al mine, anil know nothing about
ike business or its profits, -ay "no, you
>haU uot bo permuted to borrow any cap
ital ut *eveu, eight, or miie per cent, to in
vest in the business in which you are
about to embark, fur your business will
not afford It, and if you are permitted to
do this unwise thing your business will
finally end in bankruptcy and ruin; wr
therefore, being wiser than \ u, will re
strain you.
This idea, however, llicy carry no farth
er, for if the same gentleman would pro
pose to invest hit entire capital iu a dry oil
well they would no' attempt to restrain,
him by law Every one knows that It is
not profitable to pay twenty-five thousand!
r thirty thousand dollars for n fast trotl-;
ing horse, a* is frequently done by wealthy i
gentlemen. Dexter can never legitimate
ly earn the annual iutercst on fifty thou-.
-slid dollar*, the price at which he is held ,
.by his owner. Yet no one proposes to
prohibit the payment of those exorbitant]
and extravagant prices on the ground that!
it is unwise and improvident.
Why should the Legislature act a* ihty
I guard.an ot individual* when they deal In
1 money, and not when they deal in horses
r land k or other property ? I- there more
1 danger of person* making foolish and itn
|proper bargains in regard to the coinpcn
-*tion for tho use of money than f->r the
purchase or sale of property? Are the
' t-rumples which control and regulate the
I v alue of moiiuy mors complicated at.d
, harder to understand than those which
' ci.tr.il an J regulate the value of every
thing else, so that none but wise legisla
tor* can comprehend and appreciate the
one, while tin- masse* are fully competent
to understand the other? The data which
should bo considered in forming a proper
!judgment a* U> the rate of interest which
one can afford to pay tor the use of money,
are so few and simple as to be within the
1 comprehension of any one of ordinary bus
iness capacity. The rate of interest when
uncontrolled by law varies and fluctuates
no more in any community than does the
general bulk of real and personal proper
ty in the same community and of course
much less than any particular item of prop
' i rty. The average ur ruling rat# of inter
est is always publicly known and easily
remembered Each individual ought to
be the best Judge whether hit circumstan
ces and necessities justify hi* paying more
or le*s than the average rate.
If A desire* to borrow one thousand dol
lar* in money, in order to make a prudent
contract as to the compensation he ibalt
'pay for it* ue, it is only neces-arr for him
to Inquire what tnoncv in general is worth;
ibut in order to enable him to make an
equally piudent contract for the purchase
•fa piece of land, ho must nut only have
the same knowledge as to llu- general Val
ue of r<>al estate, but must inquire into a
' hundred circumstance* affecting the pres
ent and prospective value of this particular
piec*. Each hundred dollars he borrow*
is of equal values but each horse or other
item ot property he buy* bat an individu
al value of its own which he must ascer
tain separate and apart from the value of
the class to which it belongs A woman or
child is a* competent to make a prudent
bargain concerning the rate of interest as
the average man of business is to make a
prudent investment in real or personal
property. In fact, the cause* which tend
to increase or lessen the profits of an in
vestment arc so numerous that even the
most experienced and sagacious men are
frequently mistaken, and an investment
which promise* the best often turns out the
,m<>sl disastrous. There cn tbureiorr he
no good reason why the judgment and dis
cretion of ihc atiwii should he com rolled
by the legislation tn the one class of bar
gains and Jeii free in the other.
1 have thus far attempted to show- that
laws against usury bad no foundation in
those enduring principle* which should
underlie all legislation That such law*
cannot produce the results claimed for
them by their supporters, a ft-w illustra
tion* will show. A has an accumulated
capital often thousand dollars which he
dc not desire to use in active businese,
but it willing to loan to B. a man of ener
gy and cnlcrpri*#, who has hi* fortune yet
:to make. B desire* to embark In a cer
tain business which hp is uroll assured will
yield him twenty percent, upon the capi
tal he invests, and i* ihrrvf-re willing to
pay A ten per cent for the use of hit mon
ey, but under our law he i net permitted
to do this, but may take A in * a special
partner with his liability limited to the
uniount of canital he advance*, and per-
Ynit him to lake the first of the profit* un
til it amount* to ten per cent on his capi
tal.
Again. C desire* to purchase real estate
to the amount of twenty thousand dollars,
but in order to do to mutt borrow one-hall
the sum, for which he Is willing to pay
eight or ten per cent I) would loan nim
the money, but the law forbids the con-l
tract, and therefore C ai d I> purchase the;
real estate together, and immediately Dj
sells hi* interest to C at twelve thousand or
fifteen thousand dollars, and secure* the
purchaM inonar by a mortgage upon tho
whole. We might, by any number of
similar illustrations, show that Dws
against usury can never restrain men from
engaging in new enterprise* which prom
ise hirge-profitv whether thcr result profi-;
tably or not But why should we attempt |
to restrain the enterprise of our citixens*]
The pne great distinguishing cbaraetens- :
ticot the American people is, that they en
tor upou aud pursue now and untried paths
to wealth. Our new Inventions and en
terprises are innumerable, and although
many prove failures, upon the whale our
people are undoubtedly benefited and not
injured bv them. The legislation of our
country should tend to encourage and not
repress this spirit of enterprise.
Gentlemen who are opposed to this bill;
will say ad this i very fine, but our fath?
or*, the wise legislators who lived in Penn
sylvania during past generations and the
statesmen of other countries for two or
three centuries, thought differently, and
we prefer to be gujdud by their wisdom]
rather than by opinions of would-be re-1
formers of thi* day. There is something;
in this. Well considered and long receiv- (
e<l opinions and priucipios should not or !
dinarily ho set aside for light and trivial
cau>es. But is it true that the taws of
trade and of finance were better under
stood centurie* ago than now? If the'
opinion of member* of the English Parli
ament in the reign of Henry VIII la valu-j
able a* a guide for us. is not the experience
of the law-makers of Englaud from thai,
time down to tho present worth more?
And when tho experience of thosocentu-'
rie* was such a* to coerce the British Par
liament in 18W to repeal all tho usury law*
i>f that realm, that fact to my mind is
•tronger authority than the act of those
who lived centuries ago when tho princi
ple* of liberty and free government were
not as well understood nor as fully practis
ed as now.
The policy incorporated in tho bill un
ler consideration I assert is being pursued 1
by every enlightened nation on tho globe '
In the fogi■ latlon of no country is usury
regarded in the satno light, or punished
with as severe penalties as it was one #r two
hundred years ago. Within the last cen
;urv every Htato and nation has moderated 1
tn<l mitigated its law* against usury, and I '
believe no one of them ha* re-enacted any 1
•fit* older or more stringent laws. Expe
rience has not required any of them to re- i
trace their steps in thi* particular. Then I
why should Pennsylvania alone stand still i
in the position the occupied a hundred |
rear* ago, and refine ta progress with her i
dter States and other nations of tho globe* i
It is not true, however, that we arc stand- <
rig still in litis regard. Tho usury laws <
row in force in this Statu bear little re I
lembianco to those first enacted here, and <
which were enforced for many genera- t
.ions. The fact that wo have modified 1
hose old laws and milignted the rigor of I
lie penalties Imposed on those who viola- i
ed them show the general sentiment of i
he State t# he in accord with tho policy of <
his bill. I
This is not all. But two years ago the 1
Legislature enacted a general law rinpow- 1
iring the court* to authorise tho school 1
lirectors to borrow money to the extent ol c
ive per cent of tho adjusted valuation of
ho property cf such district, at right nrr t
•nit per annum, beinfran increase of thir- f
y-three per cent on tre common legal rate f
f interest. This Legislature has also au- d
horized railroad companies and all otherjc
inds of corporations to borrow money at *
evofi, eight, uioe end tea per cent, if Klj
W right and proper f<r a school l><>*r<l to <
borrow money at eight |>r cent with which
ti> build a school house, why should I he <
restrained from going Into ilic markot and J
offering eight per cent fbr the union mon
ey with which to build a bouse or engago I
'ln active business? If there are no moral 1
or legal considerations which should re
strain a man acting In the capacity of
school director from paying more tbati si*
percent fur tnunay, why should th same
man acting for himself be restrained from
doing the same thing t
We have ahowtt !>y our legislation in
Pennsylvania for a generation or more
that wn do not recognize the binding force
in morals of our laws upen the subject of i
mury The laws do not bind the con !
sciences of a majority of our people. A ;
law that Is a dead letter to the majority, :
and is only respected and obeyed by a tn<- I
imritv, should no longer remain upofi the 1
statute book The continued existence of i
a law which few respect and the majority I
constantly disobey begets a kind of politf
cat licenlioufttSM, a contempt for the laws;
f tbe land, tho general effect of which is
icrnleloua. A man may publish in this!
hall or elsewhere that he takes seven orj
j eigkt p#r enl for the use of money, and no'
\ one considers him a criminal or guilty j
even of an impropriety. There are a few J
person- who will not take a higher rate of]
| interest than that flad by law. They are;
our most honest and conscientious capital-,
ists Of course they are injured by usury!
law# whenever money is worth more than
the legal rate. While their neighbors arej
fairly and honestly receiving seven, eight,
and nine per cent for their money, these
men are constrained to receive but six per
cent because they cannot conscientiously
violate a law of their Stale The (sorrow
ers, also, are injured by it because these
cuuscientious capitalists are prevented by
the law from competing with their less
scrupulous neighbors in making loans,
thus giving the latter a monopoly of the
business.
1 have stated that all the States of the
Union were pursuing a policy in accord
with the principles of this bill. Some have
already abolished all usury laws, whilei
others arc progressing slowly towards Ue>
san.e end lit support of this statement 1 j
.present a bill now before the Leg
islature of Hew York, being Senate bill!
No. 12a. introduced on January V, I*7H re
ferred to the Committee on the Judiciary.'
and reported front said committee for the
consideration of the Senate, which iro-i
vides, among other things—"f~ It shall
. be lawiul to agree to pay or reserve dis
count at any rate, and to agree for the pay
ments or receipt of Interest at any rale :
Provided, Amercer, That no greater rat#
of interest than seven per cent per annum
.shall be recovered in any action." 1 have
also a bill now bonding before the Legis-j
lature of Ohio, being Senate bill No, 7b,
the first section of which Is as follows :
"The partic- to any bond, bill, promissory
note or other instrument of writing for the
forbearance or payment of money at any
future lime, may stipulate therein the rate
, of interest per centum per annum agreed
upon, upon the amount of such bond, bill,
promissory note or other instrument of
writing " 1 also present the act of Parli
ament to which 1 referred as having in
' !tKS repealed all the usury laws of Kng
; I land, being stal. 17 aud 18 Victoria, chap
iter page KBl.
- "An Act to repeal the laws relating to
i usury and to the enrollment of annui
j "Wbtnu, 11 U expedient to repeal "the
law* at pretent in force relating to uury:
: Re it enacted by the tjueen'* moat Excel
lent Majeoty. brand with the Advice and
I Content of the Lotdx Spiritual. and Tem
poral, and Common*, in >hia preaent par
liament aaaemhled. and by the Authority
of the aanie, at follow• :
"I. The xeveral Acta and ParUof Act*
'made In the Parliaments of England and
Scotland, Ureat UriUin and Ireland, men
tioned in the Schedule hereto, and exiat
\injn Law* Uury, ahall be repeal-
11. Provided always, That nothing
herein contained shall prejudice or affect I
the Right* or Remedies o*any Person, or I
diminish or alter the Liabifities of any 1
Pertoa, in nprt of anv Art done previ
ously to the pasting ol this Act.
"11l Whore Interest >i now payable
upon any Contract, exprud or implied,
f>r Payment of the legal current Rata of
Interest, or where upon any Debt or Sum
•>f Money Interest i now payable by any
Rule of Law' the same Rate of Interest
shall be recoverable a* if thU Act had not
been pataed.
"IV. Provided always, That nothing
herein contained shall extend or be con
structed to extend to repeal or affect any
Statute relating to Pawnbrokers, but that
all Laws touching and concerning Pawn
brokers shall remain in frill Force and Ef
fect, to ail Intents and Purposes what
soever. as if this Act had not been passed.
In addition to the CMH staled by the;
gentleman from Erie 111 r. Brownj, whete
millions of dollars belonging to the great
Reed and Huidekoper estate have been ta
ken fr.un Pnnnsylvania to New York and
Ohio for investment, in consequence of our
law restricting the rate ol interest, 1 have
just been furnished with another. The
agent of the Union mutual insurance com
iiany ot Boston has just informed tue that
his company hat within a year sent three
hundrc I thousand dollars of insurance
money collected in Pennsylvania to the
West for investment where the company
receive* seven or eight per cent-, because
the money could not be lawfully invested
here at those rales It is believed that,
should this bill pass, uiony millions ofdol
lars rollectcd from our people by life and
fire insurance companies would be brought
back and invested here, thereby increasing
lo that extent the working capital of our
State.
The objection urged most persistently
and strongly against this hill it that its
passage will increase the preaept rales of
| interest and thereby oppress the debtor
classes, thai portion of our people which
can least hear any additional burdens
This result can follow only in rase our bor
rower* are now paving less than the aver
i nge rale of interest throughout the country.
If they are. they are using tha money of
others without {laying what it is really
worth, and have no right to complain if
the law which enable* them to take what
belong* to another without making ade
quate compensation should he repealed.!
Certainly the Legislature ha# no right to'
•ay to the owner of property or money, j
"you shall not receive for the use of your!
capital a* much as it is reasonably worth,:
as evidenced by the experience of business
men everywhere."
I deny, however, thst the consequences
of this legislation will ho a* alleged. I
believe the passage of this act will reduce
:he average rate of interest below that now
leing paid throughout the Commonwealth.
| This is one, though not a principal one. of
mv reasons for supporting this bill. In
addition ta calling home all our Penn#vl
' van<a capital, which has heretofore gone,
abroad for more profitable investment, the
passage of this act will, | holiove, tend to;
reduce the rate ot intereit for another res
son. All the capitalists of the Stale may
be divided into two classes, the one com
prises all those who have a conscientious
respect for any legal enactment they find j
upon the statute book, and when they find
a law prohibiting the taking of more than
, six per cent interest, they are constrained '
to obey it. The other, and by far larger,
class, are not trammeled by any such con
scientious convictions. They will take forj
the use of their money all they can get.
and not having the other class, whose mon
ey is generally loaned for a long period
<<a real estalo, to compel* with them, are 1
thus enabled to exact and receive a groat- {
er rate of interest than they could obtain!
if all the capital to be loaned catne into
general competition.
I can perhaps better illustrate this by
staling facts existing in mv own county.
'ln tho borough ot Bellefonte are three
| bank* which have en deposit an average
of about eight hundred thousand dol
lars, belonging to tho farmers and
business men of tho county. Upon a
large portion ot this money the banks are
paying four, five and even six per cant.,
according to tho length of time (or which
the de|>osit is made. A farmer who has
on* thousand dollars, which ho does net
want for a year, can deposit it in any of
these hank* and receive six percent in
terest, the full legal rate now allowed by
law. If he is consciontiouxly opposed u>
taking more than the law authorises he
will always thus deposit his money, in
stead of loaning it to a neigh (soring farmer
or business man at the satue rate, for In
putting it in bank, ho secures himself
against delay, and possible expense in col
lecting. Our banks loan this same money
to the men in business at flam ten to
twelve per cent., an averago of at least
double what the real owners receive for
it.
If the or. tiers of this money were not re
strained by law from making such con
tract as they chose, n groat part of this
money would be loaned by inem to the
persons who need it in their business at an
average of eight or nine per cent., they
thereby receiving from two to three per
cent, more then fliey now do for the use
of their money, and the business men ob
taining the money thej need at from two
to ihreo per cent, less than tfcey now have
to pay. The only parties it seems to me
who w ill bo injured bv the passage of this
bill are banks and individuals who. in dis
regard of the present law, are loaning
money at exorbitant rales of interest in
consequence of having a monopoly of the
business. I believe therefore tne passage
of this act will tend rather to lower than
raise the rate of interest which is now
paid by* tho business men throughout tho
country.
I might continno this line ef argument
to nlmost any extent, and show by other
facts and reason* thut usury laws are nev
er founded on correct principles, that they
do not promote the welfare of business
j communities, and never protect the intr
;esu of those peculiar classes sought to be.
1 protoctid by them; hut it U Biotttftry to 1
do so, as many of the members of this'
House are equally competent with myself
to understand and Illustrates this sub
ject.
1 am sorry I cannot agree with the gen
tleman ffom Krie (Mr. Brown] wbeisJie
says be believes a large majority of the
members of this House are In favor tftfn
purposes (of this bill. 1 doubt vary
much from the expression* 1 have heard
around me whether this bill tan be paMtd
at this session Hut of one thing 1 em
well assured, the principles Oontained In it
will finally prevail, ana if Alt Legislature
is not sufficiently Imbued wffib liberal ideas
to enact this measure, some future legisla
ture will have the honor of doing so, and
! Pennsylvania will not be found tagging
! behind her sister Stale* in the great race
<>f progress by retaining upon her statute
books a law so unjuat and burdensome j a
1 mere relic ef by.gone centuries, If not of!
barbarism.
W. A. CUllltY,
BOOT & SHOE MAKER
CKJTKfr: HALL, PA.
Would most respectfully inform the cit
iaens of tbia vicinity, that he has started a
new Hoot and Bhue Shop, and would be
thankful for a share of the public patron
age. ttoou and Shoe* made to order and
according to style, and warrants his work
te equal any made eUewhera. All kinds
ef repairing done, and charges reasonable
iUive him a call. feh IS ly.
FURNITURE!
Grand Opening
FOR 1872.
AT
JOHN CAMP'S
MILROY,
whore he has opened with a very large
stock of the latest styles, both fancy and
common
Parlor, Chamber aud Kitchen Furni
ture.
CHAIRS,
of all
All kitidi of rcMlrinf don* villi neat 1
(new and dlipatch having four food worx
tuen M the bench. 1 ton prepared to do
all kind* of citatum work, fine or common
Thankful for put favor*, 1 hop* bp strict
attention to builsMt you and everybody
rite witl ahow smiling facoa at my new
ware rooms.
JOHN CAMP,
jjaalitt
A. SUSSMAN
LEATHER & SHOE FINDING.
iia lower room. So. 1. Both block, where
| ha keep, on luind a stuck of
WHITE and RED LEATHER
and HARHESB.
Kips and Calf Skins
French and City Finish.
STRING LEATHKK, SHOE
FINDINGS OF FVERT DE
SCRIPTION.
Haw Hides
BOIGIiT ANIKSOLD.
Trunk# and
Valise#
OF ALL KINDS.
RAW FURS, of all kind* bought
and highest price paid.
Clover and
Timothy Seed
always bought and on hand*. WHEAT
and OATS specially bought and the higb
ot Cah price paid.
Go to (busman's there you can buy
cheaper than elsewhere, at everybody
knows, who ever dealt with him. lie let*
no one off without a good bargain.
Neat door (o Sustman * it the cheap dry
good* establishment of Isaac Uugfenhetui
cr. apAtt
THE PEOPLE'S DRUG STORE.
_
Next door to Wibon A Hick*' Hard
ware store, Allegheny St.,
BELLEFONTB, PA.,
R. F. Rankin & Co.,
(Succeator* to Linn <& Wilton.)
DEALERS IN
PURE DRUQi*
AND MEDICINES,
CHEMICALS. PAINTS, OILS, DYE
STUFFS, VARNISHES, BRUSH
KS. f KRFT MERY, NOTIONS,
AND FANCY ARTICLES
FOR THE TOILET. Ac.
for medicinal purposes.
SHOULDER BRACEB,
TRUSSES A SUPPORTERS in great
variety^
Also, Choice
CIGARS AND TOBACCO,
and all other articles usually hept in first
class Drug Store,
PRESCRIPTIONS CAKKFU T
COMPOUNDED.
tf.ljun* K. F. BAN KIN A 00.
BOSTON
Boot & Shoe Store!
I
A NEW ESTABLISHMENT
With New 6oods & New Prices!
Having determined t > encase in business
at th j place, wo hare opened up in
Room
NO 5 BI'SH'S ARCADE,
BELLEFONTE, PA., the largest,
most complete and cheapest stock of
BOOTS, BHOES, GAITERS, SLIP
PERS, &L\,
that hat ever been opened up in thit part
of the State. At our store yon can iind in
the Boot and Shoe line
Anting V7nnlt
from the finest boot to the cheapest slip
per, and we know if you once call and
EXAMINE OUR STOCK AND
PRICES.
you will concede that it is to your interest
to purchase from us.
WE HELL AT BOSTON BATES.
MfKtt
I. , MtKIXQII. A. C. MPHIL
MILLHEIM MARBLE WORKS.
New J-irm—New Kotarprae.
DEININGER d RUSSER,
(Succaeaor* to B. O. Dtiaiaaaa)
y* w "" ld •* rlectft,lly Inform the
j ' fi"* ukn r hr( of
d,urcoMft ' wtablUbmanL and
propoM to carry on the *ame under ra-
IH'WMJ autpice*.
.rler" y b ** # ° n * nd wnl roftk * *°
MONUMENTS.
OOUCHKH.
TOM lis *
. "KADNTUNKM
w"e n3r ujTi b, l! w,d " P ri
We UM the beet grade* of mwble-
ITALIAM.
CAKAIA, ,
A MtaiTA* HTATUAir,
: n 0 d rk?/o„r^ri^
•Sy*" 1 1 Uridfe ' Mii,h * |m
J. ZELLER dr SON
DRUGGISTS
No 6 Jlrockcrhoff Kow, BeJlefeote.Pa
Dealer. la Drug*, 4 beml rata,
Irrfumrry, fancy liooda Ac.,
KCe
Pure Wine* and Liquor* for medical
purpota* al way kept may 11. T2.
Y . AIIAO* THOMAH A HICKA.
H AKDWAHK STORKII
~ WILSON d UJCKS,
O ItoiiefonUu Pa. 3
ttf (Huccawor* to lowin a WILAOS.j £
£ Ketperifully inform the ciuxen* of ft I
„ Centre and other countiee, that they "
< hare one of the laraeet and beet ee- 2
ft. lectedelock of Haroware to be found ®j
J of Iron, Steel, Mailt.
X B°reßhoea Are la Spring Wagon
< Skein* and Bote*, Complete etocc of
> larpenter tool* and builder* hard- C
"1 ware, look*, oil*, paint*, git**. rar-
o owhee, brukhee, cucumberpnmp*and ?*
< tubing. Lamp* af all kind*, .ceie*, Z.
2 cutlery, £
WOOD AXD WILLOW WARE *
Pull line of aaddlery and coach ma
ker* good*, wood work for baggie*
and wagon*, plough*, harrow*, culti
y taiar* and grindntonea. Looking "I
-j glatee* and mirror plate*. Picture
-* frame* made to order. They alao K
J5 hare the celebrated nook More, "C
o SUSQUEHANNA, £
x ererv one warranted to gire perfect 2
** *ati#faction All kind* of p*rW "*
„ tore*. We are determined to eell e
< at the lowe*t price* for each, or on X
Sm *hort credit—not to exceed three 5
* month*. Call and •# u*. a* we take 5
IM pleakure in the wing our good*.
< WILSON A liICKS 2
> marlOtf. Bellefonte, Pa. J
a >
as "B
b| ii
Gift Sc Flory's
New Shoe Store !
AT CENTRE II ALL. .
They hare now opened, and will conatani
y keep on hand, a *piendid flock of new
>UOl&. OAITKKS, A SLIPPERS, for
men, w omen and children, from the beat
manufactorie* in the country, and now of
fered at the
Lowest Prices.
BOOTS and SHOES made to order, upon
*hort notice They inrite the people of
ithi* vicinity to gire them a call, a* they
will atrire to merit a *hare of their pat
ronage. mylOif
PURXITUBX STORE.
1 ioo* BELOW llorrxa'a
BELLEFONTE. PA.
GEORGE & BRYAN,
Dealer in
/uaw3 *r y a £
OE ALL KIMJS,
BEDSTE A DS. TABLES. CHAIILS.
Parlor and Chamber Seta,
SOFAS, LOUNGES,
BUREAUS, WASHSTANDS,
WARDS )B£S. MATTRXSSU, to.
Particular Attention to Ordered Work.
REPAnUKG DQXK PROMPTL T.
C.\UERTAKL\G,
In All Its H ranches,
MKTALIC, IfAUfCT, ROSEWOOD, ARD
OCR HON CASKETS,
Always on Haad. and PuneraU Attended!
Will an Elacaattieane. apAtf-l
1 Stoves! Fire! Stov's!
At Andy Reesman's, Centre Hail, are
latest and beat Hove* out, be baa jual
received a large lot of
Cook Stoves, the Pioneer Cook,
the Eclipse Cook,
the Reliance Cook.
PA BLOBS—The Radiant Light, aelf-fee
der, OM Burner, National Eg*,
Jewell. Ac.
cell* *tovcia aa LOW aa anywhere
in Mifflin or Centre co.
TIN AND SHEETIRON WARE
The undersigned hereby informs the
citisens of Pennvalley that ne baa pur
chased the Tin*hop heretofore carried on
by theC. H. Mr* Co., and wilt continur
the tamo, at the old stand, in all Its branch
| ca, in the manufacture of
STOVE PIPE * sporrurc.
All kind* of repairing dons. Hs hsa
always on hand
Fruit Cans, of all Sites,
BUCKETS.
CUPS,
DIPPERS,
DISHES, AC.
All work warranted and chargos reason
able. A share of the public patronage so
licited AND KKKSMAN,
'iaepTOv Centre Hall
, New Clothing Store
A. STERNBERG,
engaged to manage for I. L. Reisena In,
in the corner bnilding, opposite Hotter*
•tore, Bellefonte, has established a new
| Clothing Store where the beat bargains in {
| the county are offered.
$7.50 to sls for Suits of the fln
i
est Cassimere.
HATS, CAPS
nd a foil and complete assortment of ev
ery thing in the line of Clothing.
Cent's Furnishing Ueoda
all directly from their own manufactory.
Also.
Jewelry, Watches, Ac.
They have engaged their old clerk, Mr.
A. Sternberg, eo well known to the people,
and who will be pleased to see nis old
friends. ap&tf.
Piece good* of every description, sold
low to enable everybody to have his cloth
ingmade to order.
CRN TKBHALL HOTKL.
JOHN Sl* A XULKK, Proprietor.
Stages arrive and depart daily, for all
points, north, south, east and west
AD AM HELD,
PAINTER,ITS
offer* his service* to the citizens of Mifflin
Centre and adjoining counties, in
Honse, Sign and Ornmenaial
Painting.
GRAINING
Oak, Walnut, Maple. Ash,
Mahogony, Ac.
PlfUt and Fancy Paperbanglng. Or
ders respectfully solicited.
_ AU fine work dona for other painters.
NEW pisooveit
Dr. OABVDf TAB REIERIM
Cur* rHt?niwtlon.
Dr.fiiRVIVM TAB RCI VVtVM
Care Catarrh.
Dr.GAKVI.YI TAK I. *
Cure Asthma.
Or .Litlt VI % TR REXCMRI
Cure Heart Dftnettne.
Dr. LiAKVIVN TAU UF.nEDIEI
Cure Mltin DHeawea.
Dr. (JABVMH TAU BCIEDIKM
Regulate the Liver.
Dr.BARVINI TAB REMEDIED
Regulate theDConuicbaad ftowrl*
Dr. <;.4HVI.V TAB REMEDIED
Core all I'rnulc Wealtneww.
Dr. BABVITt TAB RCEEDIEI
Purify the Bleed- >
Dr. UARVTII TAB RCEEDIIM
Cut* Dterane* of (Be Threat.
Dr.BABVI.VE TAB BEN EDI EE
Care B roar hit I*.
Dr. CI ABVIVE TAB BEMEDIEE
Ci "Raw Caß'w "HsyPwrw'
Dr. CiABVI.VE TAB REMEDIES
Cure I.ustft Dlwravo w
Dr.tiAUVITS TAB BEBEDIEB
COD ( on^tipntkm.
Dr.Ci iKVIVR TAR REECDIES
Cum halt Bheaax.
Dr. UABVITS TAB REMEDIES
If w IlfgeTiu
Lttfp ib ics w i j ftpimmrt.
Dr. OABVITS TAB REMEDIES
Pwwat Cholera A Fcllew Fewer
Dr. UARVITS TAB REMEDIES
f l'rarcaeMalai-leao Fererm. '•
Dr. (iAUVIMMI TAB REMEDIES
Remmre Pttla In the BrtttM. *
Dr. Ci AKVI.VS TAB REMEDIED
Reaaore Paia in the DMe er Back.
Dr. VABTTVD TAB REMEDIED
Are a hupcrior Teair.
Dr. BABVLVS TAB REMEDIES
Beta* the Appallr.
Dr. CiABVS.VD TAB REMEDIED
Caoaa the Foad la DSRent.
Dr.ttAHVIV* TAR BEMEDIED
Rmtore the Weak and Debilitated
Dr. OARIITB TAB BEMEDIED
Om Taae to Year hywteai. i
L r. HYDE Sl CO.,
wit rsorcusTOßk
193 Meccatr Ape* New York.
deel!T2y
Furniture Rooms!
J. 0. DKIBIBtiER,
raapecu uily inform* the citUea# f t>o .r
county, thai he ha* constantly on Land 4d
make* to order, ell kinds et
BEDSTEADS,
BUREAUS,
SINK.&.
WASHSTANDS,
CORNER CUFBOABI*ff
TABLES. Ac., Ac
UOME MADE Cattti Anwar* ox na>
Hi* stock ofready-made Furniture ialar*
end warranted of works,*nhi|> and . a
ell made under hit own immediate tup* rv i
tioa, end ia offered et rntee ea cheep eaelae
where. Thankful for peal favor*, he eotiv
ita e continuance of the name.
Call and a hie stock Before purckaair
elaewkere. apiffdi'l v
Chas. H. Held,
Clelt, Wairhaakrr A Jer.< •
Millheim, Centre eo., Peooa.
Respectfully inform* hi* friend* and th
public in geqersL that ha ha* juat opened
at hi* new establishment, above A lei an
der"* Store, end kaepe constantly on bend
ell kind* of Clock*, Wetches end Jevrelr*
of the letoet eko the Maranvilk
Patent Calendar Clock*, provided with r
complete index of the month, end day <.*
the month and week on Ita (bee, which ia
warranted a* a perfect time-keeper.
tea. Clock* Watch ea aad Jewelry re
paired on abort notice and warranted
top 1 I'M; I p
Sriewt am Ike Admntt.
C. H. Guteilus,
Bnrgeoii and Mechanical Dentist
who i* permanently located in Aeronsbwrg
in the ofllce formerly occupied by I)r. Ned,
and who haa been practicing with entire
tucceaa—having the experience of e number
of year* in the profesatoa, be would cordi
ally invite all who have a* yet not giver
him a call, to do ae, and teat the irutMu 1 i cm
of tbi* assertion. marTecib extracted
without pale. maySffißtf
f pilk un.icr*.gi,ed. determined to met the
X popular demand for Lower Trice*, re
spectfully call* the attention of the public
to his stock of.
SADDLERY,
now offered at the old stand. Designed es
pccialiv far the people and tho time*, the lar
gest and moat varied and complete assort
mnt of
Saddles, Harnese, Collars, Bridle*,
of every description and quality*; Whs pa,
aad ia fact everything complete to a first
clam establish meat, he now offer* at price* .
which will suit the time*.
JACOB DINGES. Ceatrvßall
VSJTS~F\ POTTKR, Attaraey at Lew'
O Collection* promptly made and specie
attention given to lbo*e having land* or
property for sale. Will draw up and have
acknowledged Deeds. Mortgage* Ac. Of
ice ia tke diamond, north aide of the
c ourt hou*e. Bellofonto. octafOßtf
BEEBT naOCKKBBOPF, t P SBUKBT.
President. Csakier.
QINTRE COUNTY BANKING CO
(Late Mtllikcn, Hoover A Co.)
RECEIVE DEPOSITS,
■ And Allow Interest,
Discount Notes,
Government Securities, Gold si-u ** '
aplfftttf Cmtgona.
AS. M'MAMnH Attorney H Law
.asnpily attends to all be
ineaa entreated to him. ju!a,6Btf
DP. FOKTNEY, Attorney at Law
• Bellefonte, Pa. OlKce over Key
nold a bank. • mavlt'thf *
a. *. M'ALLUTEB, auu Y EA\
SfI'AIUSYS© & ©2^25?
A TTORXErS-A T-LA W,
Bellefonte, Centre Co., Penn'a. apCßtf
a. orris. c. T. ALEXAXUEB
ORVIB A ALEXANDER,
Attorneya-st-lsw. Office inConrsd House
Bellefonte, Ps.
, . . J - ; p GEPHART,
with Orvi* A Alexander, attends to eollec-
in the Orphan's Court.
ILLER'S HOTEL, Woodward, Pa
Stages arrive and depart usily.
favorite hotel is now in every respect
one of the most pleasant country hotels in
central Pennsylvania. The traveling com
munity will always find the best accoinmo*
lat ion. Drovers can at all times be accom
modated with stables and pasture for any
number of cattle or horeee.
]ulyß'66tf . GEO. MILLER.
EW HARDWARE STORE!
J. 4 J. HARRIS.
NO. 6, BROCKERHOFF BOW
k new and cotnplote Hardware Store has
Seen opened by the undersigned inßrock
erhofTs new building—wheretheyare pre
pared to sell all kinds ofßuildingandHoutt
Furnishing Hardware, Iron, Steel, Nails.
„P?gKy wheels in setts, ChampirnClothes
Wringer, Mill Saws, Circular and Hand
Saws, Tennon Saws, WebbSawa, leeCrean
b reezers, Bath Tubs, Clothes Racks, a ful
assortment of Glass and Mirror Plate of al:
sixes. Picture Frames, Wheelbarrows,
Lamps, Coal Oil Lamps, Belting, Spokes.
Pel loes.and Hubs,Plows,Cultivators, Corn
Plows, Plow Points, Shear Moid Boards
and Cultivator Teeth, Table Cutlery, Shov
els, Spades and Forks, Locks, Hinges
SOMWS, Sash Springs, Horse-Shoes, Nsili
Norway Bods. Oils. Lard, Lubricating,
Coal, Linseed, Tsnnera. Anvils, Vices, Bel
•?*•> Screw PUtos, Blacksmiths Tool*.
Factory Bells, House Bolls, Dinner Belli,
Gong Bells, Tea Bells, Grindstones, (3s rpen