y
Advertising- Rates.
Tba larraand relU.Me cfrcalatloa of tbeOw
bkia t tii cotomenai It to the favorable
confide ration ef a1tertiere whoae larort will be
inserted at tbe lolloping low rates:
1 I orb. times t lee
1 Inch, S month..... z.61
1 lach, 6 month............... ............ SS)
I lorn 1 year...
1 Inches. muntna..... ............ ......... 6.1
S Inrbea.l year 10.CO
S Inches, months .... ............. 8 Ce
a inches. I year li(
W eolninn, 6 months......................... lO.M
w column. 6 months........... yu.oo
swlimg. 1 year a-YW
1 column, e months.............. ...... 40.00
1 column, 1 year............... .......... Ta.M
Buslness Items, fim insertion, 10c. per line
subsequent Insertions. 6c. per line
Aiiuimlctrator' and Executor's Notices, tt M
Auditor's Notices. ..................
Stray ami simitar Notices I 00
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tion or society and communications deslicntd to
call attention to any matter ot limited or indl
vidua! Interest must t-e paid inr as advertlsmenta.
Book and Job f nntin of all kinds neatly and
exediousiy executed at the lowest prices. Aal
don'tyou loncet lt
l.i-peman
V3 ...Bed We-fclT
.si
1,0
ox-''-1"0, "
hM.rip"n K"'"
jlvin.e ft .60
,--''rt','iJ niihin 3 months. 1.T8
V T,j within month. XM
f. ""I!, j.ji.i within the year., :
...tin out.-ide or tba county
tr. fve terms be de- j
Vs. 10 alvan.-e must not cx-
1 r? ; ,mf t.x.tl n as those a ho
- i'10 ...en.-tlY understood rrvm ,
JAS. c. HASSON. Editor and Proprietor.
"HK IS A TBKKMAN THOU THE TRUTH MAKES FRKE AND ALL ABB ELATES BESIDE.'
81.50 and postage per year In advance.
I VOLUME XXIX.
EBENSHUKG, PA., FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 13, 1S95.
NUMBER 3(J.
C(J li'flljitl ff Tit fl
1
v.
Ji AT "rCVLS
AND
COLD-HEAD
Ar,i RNAVF. WITH."
C THE
:: PRINTING.
-"in- Office
I.!!.i-Vi''' t' -,t ""r
;3 POINTING
,,r j,r,iv- "( U1 iiiHMirnoIrt
v: II, W 1 ,l" 1,1,1
,.ik ami w.mt a
l..ut I'li'-i fiT it.
:fj! Frissesaud New Type
irftlri t" t'l"' I'lll J 't'.l'rilltllli: (
-1 ,).V p!n.!l 111 !ll f Ofl
.'V; K i"f at vt-rv
fit Gasli Prices.
V. ve i"r-t iii.it'-rial and
..i irit- rr ii-i-if . We are ire
ir:ut in tl:- -i!irtr?c notice
; I'tin.lUMMK-,
-i Aki- r I'-n.i. hrmih.
: .( M limtv 1- K.N V Kl.nl'K,
( f I I A K, W Kl"lINi AND
iT.ir; 4NU Ndlfc IlKAl', ASI
it is: I'm-.iy Invitations Kto
' l: tfi r.i; (n-iii ttie sniallt-rtl
-i-; -tt i ii if 1 ar t tu tlii lainest
- ..rt !:i'!ir.- n ' .1 st th
I-: Kra-oliitile U;ttr9.
f:iliil-ri;l FlCcllKlIl
F.i,!:N-nri:;. it.N'X'A.
-:rl Ave., S.;n l-'rancisco,
:icn-l r f women :
rr.y ! ;.y was born,
:::5 I j;"t up in six
F-r s...,n. Result:
:.: the vrA F.vcr since
ever)-t':.in : doctors,
2jju;atua ; Lut grew
:c-1 for :'y stanil ; and
- -i L. l'iiikham't
' i "."''' . an J de-
:'lt liic effect was
Sir.ce I took the
J'-: t.y wur.ib has not
:: ', 1. th.'tr.Vs nnlv
-1 in r.ow v.-cil. Every
2
Sicilian
HAIR
Fewer;
''?:.!, j rc,,:tr3!i.,n.
I 't .;
I'll. a!. t,at
. I ! who Lave
. .".'a fltn kuovr thmt
fr".'U of ,,!r on Ih1J
--J-4V;r'..' f"1'1' '- ar not
. . '-"..-.i uair; LTft-
- im (rylt oUg IMJ
Vv ji'rturnre of it
'"r t"lt WW. f OfW
rt'uv'i' ,l ut tiu-
'Yarn's riw
-tTli.
'SKERS
' it.Mrb!,wk- w dlrwL
L''H..1 tlTur' k.r: and!
W'n' u lu,'r cw-
ED agents
ILL'S
THE
CiSrAnOVA
mm
r llu-" "'t a l"i'"''l rivff or jxneder. Applied into Vie tutxtHU it it
'.i'u . ...vr.W. JtfUatmt Vis hfad, alltj inflammation, heal
C ELY EROTHERS. 56 Warren Street NEW YORK. DUG
i . a i A? rA tu ff rvi - oi i -r- x t r-
LSO
PROPER THING FOR HOUSE-CLEANING.'
never wants tt learn, but the
reads that
0U) Honesty
CHEWING TOBACCO
is the best that is made, and
at ONCE tries it. and saves
money and secures more
satisfaction than ever before.
A. VOID imitations. Insist on
having the genuine. If your
dealer hasxft it ask him to
get it for yon.
JKO. FUZKR & BEOS., lonlrTlDe. V
Constipation
PfmaniU prompt treatment. The rw
aulta of nlect may ba serious. Avoid
all harsh and drastic purgatives, th
tendency of which is to weakea the
bowels. The best remedy Is Ayer'i
l'ills. Being purely vegetable, their
action is prompt and their effect always
beneficial. Thpy are an admirable
Liver and After-dinner pill, and every
where endorsed by the profession. (
" Aver's Tills are highly and univer
sally "siM.ken of by the people about
l.ere. I niako daily use of them in my
practice." Ur. I. E. Kowler, Bndge
H.rt, Conn.
" I can recommend Ayer's IMlls above
all others, having long proved their
value as a cathartic for myself ana
family." J. T. Hess, LeithsviUe, Pa.
' For oevrral years Ayer's Pills have
Wo used in my family. We find them
an
Effective Remedy
for constipation and indigestion, and
are never without them in the house.
Moses Greuier, IxiweLl. Mass.
"I have used Ayer's 1111s. for liver
troubles and indigestion, during many
years, an.! have always found thetu
prompt and eiticient in their action.
L. N. Smith, Llica, N. Y.
' I (differed from constipation which
1. .... ..llin-itM f.ttfll that K
RStimtril mh u .......... - i
f t-am
bowtls
Two iH.xes of Ayer's Pills ef
a . ..mulete cure." I), liurke.
f.(i.-,l a
" I have used Aver's Tills for the past
thinv ve;.rs and Yon.-ider them an in
valuibie family iue.li.ine. I kuovr ol
no U-tter remi-ilv for liver troubles,
ai.,1 have always found them a. prompt
cure for d p.-ia. " James Quinu, W
Mi.l. lie St.. llarlior.l. "oiiu.
-Havin ' Uei, troubled with oostive
ness. wbi. h seems in itable with lr
K.ii of s..le,..ar habits. ."t!
Axr's Pills, bopiii'i fr relief. 1 am
tl'a.l U sa that they have served in
betirr than any other iiiwliuine. 1
hrriv at this . oii.lusion only
faithful trial of tl,. ir merits "-Samoel
T. Jones. Oak St.. Boston. Mass.
Ayer's
Pills,
Dr. J. C. Ayer Sc Co.. lowell. Mttt
old by U Uealere la Modi dm.
Steel Picket Fencee
CHEAPER
t UlHIt MCk SS. ..t .11 fcldf IBS WUH.
wx
Mist
THAN W00O
MiCT u.uiuit. mbcr l "". riMkl.M SIM".
81.1. '1Uiu. ITu fcHr. ?f"2-.'Su
TAYLOR A DEAN,
01. 203 A 206 Market Su Pittaurk, ra.
meh 2V em.
FIVE liLACK MAKKS.
"The most miserable time I ever.haa
in my life," baid Dr. Maopherson one
day as he bat chatting in his cozy
drawing- room, "was spent in a gun
boat off the coast of Guinea. I beg-au
my professional life as a burgeon in the
navy, you know."
I did not know. But as the doctor
eeeined intent ou telling the story I did
not interrupt him by baying so.
"We had been cruising about in the
Mediterranean," he weut on, "when we
where unexpectedly ordered to the
Bay of Lagos to overawe some miser
able little tribe near the coast which
had not been behaving itself as a
properly regulated little tribe uuder
the protection of the British empire
ought to do. Kakoga's tribe it was
called, and Kakoga came in for a good
share of honest abuse from the
officers and men of the Dragon -fly,
when our orders came. The worst of
it was, as far as the officers and men
were concerned, that we were not at
unity among ourselves. The engineer,
called Lashton, had been disappointed
in love, and was naturally morose in
consequence. What made him more
so was the fact that his successful
rival was the sublieutenant, an
awfully nice fellow, and the only man
on board that I cared for. Lieut.
Gilby had met Miss Callau at Malta,
and had become engaged to her with
out the least idea that the engineer
had intentions that way, not that it
would have made any difference to
him if he had, I suppose. Lashton's
unconcealed enmity against him made
life on board pretty unpleasant, and
divided us into two cliques. The lieu
tenaut's clique, consisting of himself
and me, certainly had the liveliest
time of it, for the successful suitor of
Miss lallan was the merriest fellow on
earth, and while we were in the Med
iterranean we suffered very little from
the engineer's hostility. But directly
we steamed otf for Lagos a most re
markable change came over my friend,
and he turned as taciturn as Lash ton
himself.
"It puzzled me to discover the rea
son, for though we were all sorry to
leave the Mediterranean btill it was
not like liilby to sulk over it. lie
could not see less of his fiancee than
he had been doing for two or three
months, and we had the prospect be
fore us of a small tight, for which he
had been wishing. Lashton suggested
to me iu his sinister way that it was
the prospect of lighting which caused
the change iu my friend, and though I
answered the bugrestiou iu the tone it
deserved, btill it seemed the only ex
planation. "tiilby said, when I asked him, that
it was the weather, and the irritation
with which he answered prevented me
continuing my inquiries, and made me
more than ever convinced that it was
iuuk,' and a very severe form of the
disease, too. In fact, he took very lit
tle paius to conceal it.
" "1 hope to gooduess that 1 shall not
have to go ou shore,' he said, when we
had nearly reached our destination. "1
wish the commander would lead the
party and leave me here to look after
the ship.'
" "It is not likely,' I answered, gruff
ly, and I was glad that Lashton was
not about to overhear hii.i. I an
swered his next sugebtion more gruff
ly still.
" '1 suppose you would not like tj
cerlity that 1 ought to lie on the sick
list, would you. Macphersou?' he asked
me, hesitatingly.
"1 refused riatly.
"If h.? h.id told me the true reason of
' his feur I might have acted differently,
for he looked ill euougn, poor fellow!
His face had grown quite white and
wan since we star ted.
"It looked whiter still next day when
he hail to go in comuiuud of the land
ing party, which I accompanied, of
course.
"When we were fairly embarked on
the enterprise, his one idea seemed to
be to get it over with all possible
speed, and the haste yitn which he ad
vanced to Kakoga's country would
have been impossible if the men under
him had not themselves been so anx
ious to get into action, and iutroduce a
little change into the monotony of
life on a gunboat.
"However, the change was less than
the majority of the blue-jackets hojied
for, the miserable little tribe did not
snow tight, and our business was soon
isht-d. In five davs from the
tiine
we left the Uragou-ny we were
a.rain none the worse for our
back
trip
exceDt that we were all worn out
by (Jilby's forced marches.
The lieutenant seemed more ex
hausted than any of us, aud as soon as
he had received the congratulations of
the commander, he retired at once to
his berth. What surprised me was
that his spirits did not show any im
provement after the chauce of lighting
was at an end. It seemed to me as if
he were still expecting some calamity
to happen to him, and I began to
wonder whether there might not W
something seriously wroug with his
health to account for all that had sur-
tliiiein his manner. I ms espia-
priseL
nation,
w hie It had not occurred to me
there was any real danger.
w hilt
sinii'k me forcibly, now that we were
safe on the gunboat, and, as sikiu a. 1
had enjoyed the luxury of a bath after
my five days of discomfort, I strolled
down to the lieutenant's cabin to have
a look at him in the new light of a pa
tient. "The dooirf my friends cabin was
ajar as I approached it, and when I
glanced into the room before knocking,
1 was surprised to catch sight of En
gineer Lashton standing by the bide of
the lieutenant's bunk.
'The fact of Lashton's enmity for
my friend was so undisputed that at
the bight of his figure in his enemy's
cabin I felt quite justified in watching1
what was going on before making my
presence known. tiilby was lying
across his bunk, half undressed and
apparently fast asleep. The eugiueer
was standing over him with a bottle of
some
black fluid in his tianii. vtnue l
watched
he made five small marks
,.n thi Rleeninir man's arm.
with it
Allll v" r ry
ti . . .u. . m t i. tu K4rtiftl Kilr h a. uiv&teri-
, iar wpv. -- .i
ous and inexplicable one that I watched
him till he put the cork back into the
bottle, without moving a step to inter
fere with the man, but I pounced upon
him as he turned to leave the cabin.
'What on earth ha ire you been
doing?' I asked, unceremoniously, and
the fellow seemed rather taken back.
" 'It is only a practical joke,' he said,
with a feeble attempt to smile uncou-
cerneilly.
" 'Joke or no joke, I demand to see
what is in that bottle.' I said, authori
tatively, my mind full of mysterious
poisons, and the engineer handed it
over tamely.
"The bottle contained nothing but
ink."
"Ink!" I exclaimed, w hen the great
brain specialist reached this point in
his narrative, and Macpherson smiled
in the peculiarly quiet way he has
when he has perfectly mystified a
hearer.
"Yes, ordinary ink," he went on.
"The discovery naturally made me feel
rather foolish, but not so much as it
would have done if 1 had not been
convinced still that his action was iu
some way a malicious one. What his
idea could be, however, it was impos
sible for me to divine, and 1 felt so
curious about it that I should have
roused my friend at once to inquire
how five black marks on his arm could
possibly affect his happiness, if he had
not looked so thoroughly w orn out and
iu need of sleep. As soon as Lashton
was gone, I left the cabin at once for
fear of disturbing the sleeper, without
stopping even to try and remove the
ink-stains, a piece of stupidity at
which I have not ceased to wonder.
You see, it was impossible for me to
guess how desperately serious the plot
was that the engineer had formed
against the man whom he considered
his rival. 1 retired to my own cabin
opiosite tiilby's, keeping the door
oieu to make sure that Lashton did
not return to do more mischief, but I
made a iioor sentry. I was tired out,
like the young Jieutenant, through
not having had my proper amount of
rest for four uights, aud I fell asleep
still wondering about the five black
marks.
"When I woke. I do not know how
long after, it was to find tiilby stand
ing iu my room, half undressed as J
had seen him in his buuk, but with his
shirt-sleeve buttoued up over the iuk
stains ou his arm. 1 was too full of
sleep, however, to notice the fact at
the time, or even to remember for the
tuouieut anything aliout what 1 had
seen. Sleepy as I was, I could not
help noticing the look of complete
misery and despair on my friend's
face. He was staudiug at the bide of
my bunk, holding an envelope, and
wheu I started up, rubbing my eyes,
he put it into my hand.
" 'I am glad you are awake, Mac
pherson, he said, in a strangely con
strained tone. 'I want to ask you to
do me a favor. Will you give this let
ter to Miss Callau personally when you
see her? 1 do not want to take the
risk of sending it by mail.'
" Uut you will see her yourself as
soon as 1 shall, ' I said, in surprise at
the request, aud tiilby did not reply.
Instead, he turned and walked out of
the cabin, leaving me staring at the
letter in my hand and wondering
what it meant. I was so stupid with
bleep still that it took me two minutes
to think of any explanation at all.
When I did I was out of niv bunk and
running across to the epposite cabin iu
a second. Just in time, too, for tiilby
was iu the act of locking hisdoorwhen
I burst it open aud rushed iu w it!i..ut
ceremony- The fact that the young1
lieutenant's revolver and a couple of
letters, one of them addressed to me,
were lying on the table, served to as
sure me that my fears were not un
grounded. The first thing I did was
to secure the revolver. Then I turned
to my friend.
"'What the devil are you going to
bhoot yourself for?' I demanded,
bluntly.
"Gilby made no attempt to deny his
intention.
" 'I am sorry you have disturbed me,
Macpherson,' he said with perfect cool
ness, 'because it canuot make any dif
ference.' "
"And the reason?" I asked, w ith in
terest, for the doctor had paused to
light another cigarette. Macpherson
blew a whitf of smoke from his mouth
and continued his story.
"I suppose you have never heard of
a disease called 'Guinea madness?' he
asked, and when I bhook my head he
went on:
"Neither had I, until Gilby told me
about it, although 1 am a doctor. It is
one of those straugi diseases that limit
themselves luckily to a particular dis
trict aud is only found among a few
trilies along the coast of Guinea. It is
generally thought that Europeans can
not take it, but the idea is an erroneous
one, or, at any rate, there are excep
tions, for Lieut. Gilby's father died of
it wheu my friend was a boy of ten.
His father was captain ot a trading
vessel, and the lieutenant was accom
panying him on a voyage when they
called at the Guinea troast. lie there
fore saw his father in all the indescrib
able agony of the disease, which seems
more like , hydrophobia than anything
else, although it is infectious.
"The sight made a great impression
on him, aud, since his constitution was
quite siin ilar to his father's, he had-always
suffered from an almost supernat
ural terror of the Guinea coast. He was
quite tersuaded that if ever he went
ashore there he would catch the dis
ease and die like his father. Lashton
it seems, was aware of this monomania
of his, for it almost amounted to mono
mania." "Aud he really had caught the dis
ease?" I asked.
Macphersou smiled. "He thought he
had. The first symptom is the appear
ance of small black marks ou the arm
or leg. "Pall Mall Budget.
A Volcano In Maine
Much interesting and conclusive evi
dence that Knox county. Me., was once
the seat of an immense volcano has
been discovered by Prof. Bayley, of
Colby university. Some of the evidence
is in the presence to-day of great sheets
of lava stretching over the northern part
of Vinal haven. How long ago the
Maine volcano was active has not yet
been determined. The subject is being
investigated by many geologists from
universities outside the state.
fUoodon'a Wild ftoeW IIorr.
A trile of wild dogs exist at the Lon
don docks which have a real claim to
the title, since they lielong to no one
and have passed through several gen
erations literally "upon their own
hook." The dogs are not destroyed, as
they are useful in killing ruts, and they
feed upon what they can find from the
refuse of the ships. One iieeuliarity of
this breed L. that they can climb with
almost catlike dexterity. The wild
dogs of the docks are by no means sav
age; indeed, they are timid, aud seldom
show themselves.
GOLD LINING IN RATS.
The Metal Found In Kodenta and Savanta
Take the Tip.
In forming a company for the ex
traction of gold from the microbes
which are supimsed to attach them
selves to that metal in countless mil
lions mature Frenchmen seeiu to have
stolen an idea from thrifty Yankee
boys, says the Chicago Tribune.
I. B. Lake, a representative of the
Walthani Watch company in this cit v.
says it is a common practice for the
lhys in watch and jewelry factories to
kill rats and burn their bodies to get
the gold from them, and that the
amount thus obtained in the course of
a year Is considerable. In every large
plant like that of the Waltham Watch
company many tilled rags are used in
burnishing watch eases, and in time
become strongly Impregnated with
gold. The lioys about the factories are
supposed to keep these rags out of
reach of the nits, but they don't do so.
In the contrary, knowing the keen ap
jietite of the rodents for anything
greasy, the Iniys carelessly leave these
rubbing rags lying alxuit where the
rats can get at them und eat them.
Six months of this kind of diet tills the
interior uit-clmnisui of the rat with a
gold plating he cannot get rid of. It
sticks to him closely, and so long as the
supply of oily rags holds out the rat
sticks to the factory. Iu tinier to make
sure the voracious rodents wio have an
inducement to gorge themselves w ith
gold, sharp Imjvs drop butter and fatty
meats from their luncheons on the
lloors and rub them well into IIiovvihhI
by shuiiling their feet on it. At night
the rats come tint and nibble the floor
ing. They don't care for the gold iu it.
but the grease attracts them, and in
getting at the grease they take a
dressing ,,f gtdd with it.
Twice a year t he Ims have a grand
round-up. Kats are caught b- the hun
dreds and after ln-ing killed are put
into a crucible and burned. The intense
heat drives off all animal substances,
leaving the gold in the shape of a but
ton. The amount collected iu this way
depends Uhii the number of rats the
lioys can catch. It is hardly large enough
to attract an in vestment of capital, but .
it gives the ingenious youngsters con
siderable Jiocket money, and encour
ages business tactics. In some factories
there are young Napoleons, who buy
up in advance the shares of their fellow-workers
in the rat colony. A
scarcity of rats will depress the price
of futures, while an overplus will ad
vance it. Sharpers who understand
these conditions are accused of having
at times caused nu artificial scarcity or
oversiipply, as it might be to their in
terest to bull or bear the market.
The French discoverers are a little
behind the times with their microbe
scheme.
NEW PARISIAN VICE.
The Inhalinic of Naphtha Vapor Said to Its
Hetter Than llah-ti.
Petroleum enters into the manufac
ture of not less than two hundred ar
ticles of universal benefit and the odd
est use to which it is put is its inhabit ion
iu the form of naphtha vajnir by Pa
risian women as a substitute for opium,
says an exchange.
In one factory where naphtha is
largely used it is by no means an un
common practice. The naphtha is kept
in reservoirs and is drawn otf through
pipes as it is wanted for use. By ac
cident some of the female operatives
made the discovery that the fumes from
these reservoirs had a peculiar and
pleasant effect upon them, and from
this the initiated fell into the habit of
going regularly to the valves aud in
haling the fumes.
Several girls who were previously
slaves to hasheesh have given it up in
favor of uaphtha because they art
easier to take. All that was necessary
was to inhale them from the pipes and
the work was done. Besides, the latter
cost nothing, which was an important
item to a gii 1 on small wages.
A languorous and pleasant sensation
conies over the indulger, and when she
would tlrop off to sleep very pleasant
visions are the result. The sensations
resulting from a good pull at the pipes
usually last three-quarters of nu hour.
In most cases the narcotic influence
of the fumes produces sleep which
covers half of this time; but, although
there is not absolute sleep, the condi
tion closely Inh'iIits ou slumber, and
the cli'cct is about the same. The same
delightful languor possesses the mind
and body, which the deluded victim of
this vice ersists iu believing cannot be
otherwise than a good thing for her.
GRAND OAK IN SOUTH CAROLINA
Standing Oicr a lied or I'lioHphate, It Is
Likely to lie t ut Iionn.
What, so far as we can judge from
our observations, is the most massive,
symmetrical and imposing tree in
eastern North America, is a live oak.
quercus Virginiana, standing- on one
side of the entrance to Drayton manor
house on Ashley river, near Charles
ton, S. C. The home of the Drayton
family, says Garden and Forest, a
handsome red brick Klizult t h;ui man
sion, was built while South Carolina
was a British colony, and it is said that
the site of the house was selected on
account of this tree, although, as the
live oak grows very rapidly, it is not
impossible that it was planted with its
mate nu the other side of the drive
when the house was first built. At the
present time the short truuk f irths
twenty-three feet four inches at the
smallest place between the ground and
the brandies, which spread one hun
dred and twenty-three feet in one di
rection and tme hundred and nineteen
feet in the other. This tree is growing
over a lied of phosphate, and the de
mands of trade w ill, therefore, probably
cause its destruction before its time.
More than once we have visited this tree,
and each visit has increased our rever
ence for" nature as we stood in the pres
ence of this wonderful expression of
her power. No one who has not seen
the Drayton oak can form a true idea
of the majestic licauty of the live oak,
the most beautiful of the fifty species
tif oaks which grow within the borders
of the United States, or of all that na
ture in a supreme effort at tree growing-
can produce.
liullet-rroof Kloaa Slllrt
Japan's small losses in men in the
battles with the Chinese were due in
part to the accidental use of a bullet
proof material. Owing to the severe
cold the Japanese soldiers wore a quan
tity of floss bilk under their clothes;
this, when they were hit, was found in
many cases to have stopped the bullets.
THE TELEPHONE IDEA-
First Suggested in This Country
by the Croaking of Frogs.
Something Ahout Ilr. C'u.hman, the Con
atrnctor of the Kl nit Transmitter,
and the Manner of Ilia
ltoovery.
It is not common knowledge, except
to those familiar with electrical and
telephone history, that the first tele
phone was constructed in Uacine. Wis.,
aud that the inventor. Dr. S. D. Cush
inan, is now a resident of Chicago, says
the News, of that city.
His litigation with the Bell Telephone
company, extending over a period of ten
years and costing tme hundred thou
sand dollars, has been rejiorted from a
legal standpoint, but as it is tme of Mr.
Cush man's principles that iiersoiiul
reminiscences are in bad taste, be has .
seldom given a formal interview. The
venerable inventor, seventy -seven ears
of age. who built the first telegraph
lines in this part of the "far west,"
pursues his business with more alert
ness to affairs than the average young
man.
In a corner of the room is a large,
worn piece of muslin on which is paint
ed iu thin colors a representation of a
telegraph line stretching away in
the distance, connected with a crude
instrument, set tin two logs, near which
is a frog sitting- by a stream. This old
relic represents the telegraph line of
"good ceilar jiosts." which Dr. Cushuiau
constructed west from Kaeine for the
Erie Michigan Telegraph company
iu ls.M. and the experimental lightning
arrester which led to his discovery.
It is a reminder of the days when
Dr. Cushuiau was assoeiated with Prof.
Morse in the pioneer days of teleg
raphy. On his tlesk is the first tele
phone transmitter, constructed in ISM.
twenty-five years before the Bell
patents were taken out. It is a small,
square Imx. with a sjieaking orifice and
containing mechanism on the same
principle as that of the modern trans
mitter. In ls51 Dr. Cushman undertook the
construction of a lightning arrester, his
object lieing to take the lightning that
struck the wire aud run it into the
grouud. the instrument beiug s i con
structed that it would not interfere
with the light current used iu tele
graphing. This instrument was placed
out on the prairie on two logs and in
order to know when it had ojierated a
triple magnet with a sheet of thin iron
at the poles, similar in construction to
a modern "receiver," was placed iu the
corner of the Imix. In ease the light
ning passed through the instrument
the electro-magnet would pull this
strip of iron down into the range of a
jiermanent magnet, which would re
tain it until the instrument was in
spected. A similar device was placed in the
basement of the buildingat Uacine and
connected with the other end of the
line. One day while a thunderstorm
was coming up, and Dr. Ciishiuaii was
watching the instrument, the croaking
of frogs was heard, thirteen miles
away. This is the explanation of how
the old painting with the crude instru
ment and the croaking frog is identi
fied with the discovery of the tele
phone. Dr. Cushman is the inventor of the
fire-alarm system in use in Chicago.
His patent-office rejiorts. he says,
"would weigh a ton." and contain a
great number of his electrical patents.
To the priority of Dr. Cushman there
is said to le no doubt, and the contest
of the validity of the Bell iisitc nts le
gun in 1S55 was at last taken to the
I'nited States district court of Boston
in ls'.t:J, where it is now lending.
Dr. Cushman is a descendant of the
historical Cushiiiaus who came to Vir
ginia in ltVlO. He was a friend of Hor
ace Greeley and most of his prominent
contemporaries in what might be called
the era of rapid mechanical develop
ment. In early life he was a newspa
per reporter. Some twenty years of
his life was spent in central Ohio, and
he bays: "I never doubted that God
made that country."
Terrllile Torture In Morocco.
A charge has Wen laid at Mulai
Omar's door that of having onlered
the music of the drums and fifes to
cease on the occasion of the announce
ment of Mulai AIhIuI-Aziz's succession
to the throne. On the players refus
ing, his highness sent a slave, who en
forced silence by splitting up the drums
with a dagger. For this act of treason
he was afterwards punished by having
the flesh of his baud sliced, the wound
filled with salt.and the whole hand sewn
up in leather. It is a common belief
that this punishment causes mortifica
tion to set in and that the hand decom
poses; but such is not the case, for by
the time the leather wears off the
wound is healed, the result being that
the hand is rendered useless and re
mains closed forever. It is a punish
ment not often iu use, but is sometimes
done in cases of murder or constant
theft, as, without iu any way injuring
the health of the man, it prevents his
committing the crime a second time, or
for the hundredth time, as the case may
be. It is a punishment that cannot be
applied except by the sultan's orders.
W ii man'. -Work.
Women were the first shoemakers.
They made beautiful shoes with soles
tif raw hide and uppers of dressed skin.
Prof. Mason says that the women who
invented the moccasin should have a
statue by the side of Watt. The Eskimo
woman is a liootmaker. She carries a
part of her equipment of tools in her
mouth, using her teeth to help various
processes. The reticule, tobacco bag,
traveling case, bandbox and packing
trunk all exist among the savages, aud
in North America are made by women,
chietly from the pelts of animals. For
the first two the skins of rodents aud
"such small deer"' suffice. There is a
beautiful war bonnet of eagle feathers
in the National museum, all the work
on which was done with a sewing-machine
by the daughter of a chief, who
had been educated in the Carlisle
school.
Growth of a Lion.
When a j-ouug lion reaches the age of
two years he is able to strangle or pull
down a horse or an ox, and so he con
tinues to grow and increase in strength
till he reaches his eighth year, when he
grows no more. For twenty years after
his fangs and talons show no signs of
decay, but after that he gradually be
comes feeble, and his teetJi fail hiiu.
SILK FROM WOOD PULP.
A New Induatry to lie Started In This
Country.
Reference has already leen made to
the method of making silk from wood
pulp, the discovery tif Dr. Lehner, of
Switzerland. Comjanies have btsrn re
cently formed iu England and Mont
real and factories will Ik- erected to
manufacture the silk, says the Nv
Y ork W orld.
In the pnicess of manufacturing the
new fabric the principal ingredients
used are spruce wotxl pulp, cotton or
jute waste, etc., combined with a large
quantity of alcohol. The Use of 'the
substantial or solid materials men
tioned creates a market for what was
hitherto of no use whatever, lieing
burned in factory furnaces to get it out
of the way.
Spruce sawdust now- has a market
value, for this, as well as the other ma
terials, are digested bv a chemical proc
ess, in which alcohol plays an impor
tant iart. The material thus digested
is so much like the coomui spun by the
silkworm that when the two are placed
side by side iu a finished state it takes
an extiert to determine which is which.
The artificial material at one state is
a liquid, and of a density aliout equal
to the ordinary sirup of commerce.
When in this state a machine of Dr.
Lehner's invention. which mar Ik"
called an artificial silkworm, comes into
play. This machine, which is very sim
ple in construction, requiriug so little
attention that it can tie kept at work
with alniut as much lalnir as is devoted
to a twenty-four-hour clock, performs
exactly the same mechanical work that
a silkworm does. It draws from the
liquid a continuous, unbroken thread of
even diameter and unlimited length.
As this thread is spun, another portion
of the machine takes it up and twists it
into any desired thickness of yarn with
perfect regularity.
Thus the fabric can lie made tif any
desired weight or thickness, so that it
w ill lie seasonable at all times.
This artificial silk has ln-eii spitn in
Bradford. England, and worked up into
a large variety of fabrics. In the dye
ing, weaving and finishing of tiiese no
special treatment hasliecu found neces
sary. It has lieen dyed in all imagin
able shades and colors and, owing to
the peculiar qualities of the material,
it takes a dye more, readily and gives a
more brilliant effect than the natural
article. In texture it is equal to the
lest of Chinese and Indian silks, lieing
soft and silken to the touch. It is ex
pected that it will lie used largely in
combination with natural silk and
cotton for producing brocaded effects.
These latter have lieen so expensive
lately as to le out tif reach of all but the
fattest purses. The invention will
greatly reduce the cost.
FORTUNES EASILY MADE.
Some Men Acquire Kirhra Without Any
Krluft SiniciEie.
The three principal matters which
have all to do with the increase of
wealth in society as at present consti
tuted are the natural liounties upon
which man constantly exercises his fac
ulties, and everything which enables
him to use tlieui to In-tter advantage;
the means tif transporting the products
of his lalior to all parts of the earth
with ease and cheapness, and the me
dium which facilitates exchange of
commodities lictwecn men money.
The study of these three principal
sources of wealth to a community will
reveal two facts that the jicople have
lieen as indifferent to them as the
money-makers have lieen attentive; aud
that while the indifference tif the one
accounts for their ever-diminishing
wages, the attention tif the other ac
counts for their immense fortunes.
It is from the natural bounties that
all the wealth of any community
springs, writes Edward McGlvnn. D.
D., in Donahue's Magazine. The land
and its resources, the forest and its
riches, the rivers, seas and weaus with
their teeming life are the first and only
sources tif real wealth, and upon them
tlejiend the artificial values which so
ciety trives to the lieginniug of all so
cial wealth, lie is the unit tif value.
It is his exertion which creates all val
ues, and the object of his exertions is
tip? support of his ow n life, the accom
plishment of his own destiny, here aud
hereafter, as his Creator ordained. The
natural lxunities must a1 ways, there
fore, be oien to him in every society,
no matter how complex its organiza
tion. The necessity implies a right
the right of getting at the natural
liounties w ith ease and w ithout serious
hindrance; -the right of using these
bounties without tax to any power save
society, directly orto its agents. Now.
at this point we get our first glimpse of
the manner in w hich enormous fortunes
are made.
We take possession of these natural
liounties. to monopolize them under
cover of law and custom, and to make
all men who would use them pay lie
forehand for the privilege, have been
the aim of the money-makers since time
liegau; by getting hold of the natural
bounties, w hich really lielong to the
community, and should never leave its
jurisdiction except in the most prudent
fashion, and then only to revert reg
ularly to the same community, the
builders of great fortunes have been
able to enrich themselves at pleasure
without any lalior worthy of the im
mense prizes they win.
USE OF OLIVE OIL.
In Anolont Times It Waa Kinployed In
Various Waya.
It is a curious and interesting fact
that those fruits which in time past
came to us from over the ocean, liathed
in the atmosphere of the enchanting
orient, are now acclimated upon the
western coast of our own country. Of
these one of the most- noteworthy aud
picturesque is the olive. To all ap
pearances one orange tree is precisely
like its neighlmr. But not so with the
olive. No two are alike. Slow of
growth, indescribably tortured and
wrung by the elements, clinging to life
with intense persistence, it wrests from
earth ami air that rich oil that fills a
place subordinate to no other material.
In the days tif old it was used for
sacrificial libations, as well as for
anointing the person autl hair; for food
and as a -vehicle for prejKiriiig other
foods. In the days of Koinan splendor
olive oil was used much as we use but
ter. Like the Greeks the Unmans be
lieved that the frequent anointiug of
the body was favorable to vigor and
suppleness. With both nations it was
an indispensable adjunct to the bath.
Olive oil ranked next to bread stuffs in
value as an agricultural production.
HE REMEMBERED.
Hut Ilia I'roapective llowteae Gut liaek at
Itixu Jat the Same.
Washington society has lieen de
scrilied in so many different ways that
jieople in general have no definitely
correct idea tif it; but that there are
many bright people there is abundantly
proved in a little book called "The
Show in Washington." in which the fol
lowing story is given:
Mavroyeni Bey. the young Turkish
minister, aspires to lie a society lcader.
A young hostess was issuing verbal in
vitations to her friends for an informal
five-o'clock tea.
The minister, overhearing her. smil
ingly lieggisd that he might le included
in the list, and at the same time called
out to his secretary, who entered the
room: "Monsieur Ktfcndi. mademoiselle
has asked1 me to tea with her at five
o'clock to-morrow. Beuiemlier the en
gagement for me.
The following day the party met
early in the afternoon at the white
house, and. UNin seeing his hostess-to-lie.
be crossed the room, saving:
"Is it not this afternoon at five that I
am to have the pleasure of taking tea
with you?"
"I do not rememlier, was the re
sponse of the young lady. "Ask your
secretary."
WOMEN'S POSTSCRIPTS.
Keaaona Why They Are So frone to Writ
Thetu.
"Why women write fx st scripts" is a
pmhlcm that has Ihh-ii engaging the
attcn t ion of one of the lxmdoii woman's
weeklies. The ati-ners ln-tray tliat the
sex understands itself, and does not
mind exjMising its amiable weaknesses-All-
are from women who ascrilie,
among others, these reasons: "Because
they seek to rectify want of thought by
an afterthought;" "Because they are
fond of having a last word;" "Because
they write licfore they think, and think
after they have written." Our corre
sjHin.leiit jiuts down the feminine P. S.
to the same cause "which leads women
to prolonged leave-taking in omnibuses,
namely." and rather pmfoutidly it aj
pears to the casual observer, "that
they lack organization of thought."
Another woiuan comes to the de
fense of her sisters with the
suggestion "that when women have
anything special to communicate
they know that their P. S. is equiva
lent to N. B.." and yet another friendly
soul turns a neat compliment iu her
reason? ""Probably liecause woman her
self is the cmliodimeut of the P. S. in
the scale of creation, she the indispen
sable was added last."
BICYCLES ARE UN ROMANTIC.
Lute Makine Is Out of theOueatlon When
Hiding on a W hl.
If the virtuous lady who fears that
bicycling is demoralizing to young
couples knew how hard it is to eon
verse even wit h one's companion on a
bicycle, to say nothing of gazing into
his eyes, and if she were aware that
one squeeze of the hand might result
in a dangerous somersault over a n-ar-iug
bicycle, and that only experts can
ride near enough together to be very
confidential, and then only when both
wheels are geared exactly alike, and
that the attention tif both tete-a-teters
is even then concentrated tin keeping
jw'dals from clashing, she would real
ize that a bicycle trip discounts walk
ing, driving, horseback riding, or even
sitting in a room, for difficulties in the
way of spooning. The only way to in
dulge iu a desierate flirtation when
bicyling, says the Philadelphia Times,
is to get off your w heel, and even a
lady of great religious ferocity, com
bined with suspieious intelligence, does
not have to lie told that it is not neces
sary to buy a bicycle nor, indeed, hire
one for the sake of sitting on a 1 tench,
by the lake with a loved one or wan
dering through secluded paths of the
park. It is a great deal easier to flirt
at tenuis or badminton or golf or cro
quet. Aud far easier to keep one's
temper.
ENTHUSIASM OVERCAME HIM.
And lie Uave Away Ilia Luiployer'a Secret
aa a Keault.
A few years ago a prominent oil pro
ducer tif Pittsburgh was putting down
a well in a territory that had never
lieen tested for oil. He was keeping
tlie fact a profound secret, says the San
Francisco Argonaut, in order that in
case he got a good well he might with
out difficulty secure all the leases he
desired iu the vicinity. He was on the
ground himself, watching with great
interest the indications. Everything
pointed to success. Two days before
the well was exjieeted to "come in" he
was culled home. Anxious about the
result, he arranged with bis contractor
to telegraph him as sion as the drill
reached the sand. He knew, however,
that secrets will sometimes leak out of
a telegraph office aud so he told the
driller that the sentence: "Pine trees
grow tall," would mean that he
had struck oil. The driller promised to
do as he was ordered. Tbe mingled
satisfaction and vexation of the pro
ducer may be imagined when two days
later he received the following tele
gram: '"Pine trees grow tall. She's
squirting clean over the derrick." His
hope that he should have no competi
tors for leases was disappointed
Very Tender-Hearted.
Mile. Augustine Brohan, the cele
brated French comedienne, w ho was so
humane to all animals, one day at table
found a fly caught on her plate. She
took it up tenderly with her thumb
and finger and called her maid.
"Marie," she said, "take this fly be
careful, now, don't hurt him! and put
him outdoors." The girl took the fly
and went away, but presently Mile.
Brohan saw her standing near with a
troubled expression on her face. "Well,
Marie," she said, "did you do as 1 told
you?" "No, mademoiselle, I've got the
fly still; I couldn't venture to put him
outdoors it was raining, and he might
have taken cold."
Fewer Lawyer in r ranee.
There will soon W a great reduction
in the number of lawyers in trance.
By a recent law each one must take
out a yearly license, for which he pays
an amount equal to aliout twelve per
cent, of his house rent. Many ersous
admitted to the bar w ho are not in ac
tive practice have asked to have their
names taken off the roll, among them
M- Faillieres, formerly prime minister
and minister of justice, and Senttor
Berenger, author of the law remitting
the penalty for first offenses and also
noted for his efforts to improve French
morality. . . . .
ft