Cn nibriii s Freeman
A dvertiHinc X5 1 tew.
Tli larva and rel'anle rlrculatloa of the '
la moltahjexl Wrrkljr al
HIKHI Hti,! AMIIKI t CO., HK.XJIA.,
kv ants h..iiasu.
BU4 I'rbimav eunmana It to the lnvorat'le
consideration of aitvertieera eboM la run will la
Inserted at taa following low rate :
1 loc, a 'IBM.... . i.au
1 loch, a BoDibs..... ................. ...... !!.
1 laeh, months S.av
1 I orb i year a uu
S fnehea a months.. w
S Inches, I year eJ
S laches. mimlhl - B.W
S tnebea. I year S.uo
i ' ooloma, monthi lv.afc
oolamn. moaltu... w
Weolamn I year MM
column, months - uo
1 oolamn. 1 year 7 ft I
Business Itamc, Brat insertion, lOe. par Una
subsequent laserttona, he. per Imi
Administrator's and Executor's Notice. .W M
Auditor's Notions 1.50
iir and alallar Notice SVO
aar Kaeolatioas or proceed Inn: ol any eorpcm
ttoa or eociety aad eommualeatlon deaiKEud to
rail etten'toe to any matter of limited or lodl
ideal la oat matt be paid for a adtrrrtismeaie.
Book Job r-nntin of all kinds neatly aad
ciedloaaiy aiacated at the lowest price. Aad
don'tyoa kjricet It.
tttt,.t;iiitee.l t'lreulatlen.
- I.2UU
Iknnacrlpt Ion Kalea.
imf .'"I'V I rear, cash id advance ! 60
,,, '.to II al paid wlihin 3 uionilm. I 75
do II not paid wuhla uiontha. Sou
do ll nut paid ntthiu the jear.. 3 2d
m- lo ikmdi realdma: outside of the county
,,. ,,uu additional per year will b chanted to
ae-lo no event will me above termi be de
erteJ iruin and lhe """ do" consult loelr
on mlewu'fj layln ' advance not
...ni tu be ulaeed the name loutloir M tboae wno
X.V. Let ton fact d"l7 understood trots
thie time forward.
ae-Pay fir your paper helore you atop It, iritop
,. .u null one lut Ktlim do otherwise.
j..n i e a scaiawajc lite i too abort.
JAS. C. HASSON. Editor and Proprietor.
'HE 18 A
FREEMAN WHOM THE TRUTH MAKES FREE AKD A IX ABE SLATES BESIDE.
81.50 and postage per year In advance.
VOLUME XX VII.
EBENSBURG. PA., FRIDAY. JANUARY 27, 1893.
NUMBER 4
if- 'fflft IT'IMMT
Men, Boys and Children
OF CAMBRIA COUNTY !
(Jo to CANSMAN'S, ALTOONA, PA., for your Clothing,
where you have the largest selee' ion ami best goods for the least
money.
M EN'S SUITS .: W.IKI fs.W) to l.-.m.
liiiYS- si' ITS -.'..in xt.- rum to s.im.
rllll.DUKN S si ITS v i.r -j.i to r.i m.
Men's, Hoys ami Children's OVERCOATS at equally low
jries.
t'ome at once and get FIRST CHOICE of these Greatest
Kiirirains.
id. a- j nsr
Uwl t'ldthirr. Hitter arJ Furnislifr,
M . K. lKi if, Kalrmnan.
3
"WANT A WAGON?:"
We hive va ;ons. riiiri'ios, sunevs. ijraJ!': as liilit,
Stri.ii.:, JuriM.'. st. !'; .Ii, i Iviulilullv linisluii us nioJi'mi. cA
iiuiiui.i."ture in "i'i iJiu'tf. built n li.n. .r hy nii-r. if lil'j
extii-iii.-. lioiit'sty is tuir policy; prompt .sliipiiu!it ur
pivi.i'i. u.mt to know iu. Wi ite us. O.vts y. u
nolliini;. A1:iy KmJ to iMisiness lv anJ by. SenJ lor t .ur
cat.i!i ut. It is tree to every router of t'lis paper. Uiiig
liamioii W.ii . n Co.. Uinylumtoii, N. Y.
" BUILT FOR BUSINESS"
Seeing is Believing;."
And a good lamp
must be simple; when it is not simple it is
not good. Simf?t, JieautifuL Good these
words mean much, but to see " The Rochester "
will impress the truth more forcibly. All metal,
tough and seamless, and made in three pieces only,
it is absolutely safe and unbreakable. Like Aladdin's
of old, it is indeed a ''wonderful lamp," for its mar
velous light is purer and brighter than gas light,
softer than electric light and
Look f.rthisstamp Tub Roc muster. If the lamp dealer has n't the genuine
Rochester, and the style, you waul, send to us fur our new illustrate.! citalt:ue,
and e will send you a lump salcly bv express your choice ot over 2.UOO
varieties I rota the Largetf Lamp Store IH the World.
ltoCHKvrKlt L.A5IP CO., 4 Park Place, New York City.
"The
THEe
0
W 1 aawTam f "b aaa
e " I
HAY- FEVER
1 1
Cold head
h''j' Creiwn Halm in iut a liquid, snujT or pirdtT. A pplied into Vie notriU it is
quickly alimn-Ud. It draw the hfail, allay inflammation, heal
IT II S the tmrt. Fthl hi tlruirixtM or neat by mail tm receipt of price. Y f
QUO ELY BROTHERS. 56 Warren Street NEW YORK. DUG
BROVJH'S
IM
BITTERS
fAbtlB IR01 with riRK T Hi FT IBM!
TOM(S, qalrkvly ntt coraplrtfly il.KASKS
aad lltKUKS XII K U1MJ1. qalrkent
tkm artioa of taa Llvar aad kl-lnrj-u t'lrarn tha
rolxtoa, maka the avla axMith. Itdoraaol
lajar taa teta, raaar lieadarht. or pro.iur t-oo-UDaUoa-ALLOTUCli
I KOI XMM4 INKS b.
tnijrfactaoa and DrucaMtJ anrrhar recummenJ it
Ia J. H RrooLFt. of Marion. M-.. nnyn: "I
IwuainiMnd Hmwh'" Iron Hit U-n h ahii.ie tmo
tor iarcbiittf the hi, ami rwrnoTiim tail daMvtl(0
aytupUama. It txt hurt tt ith "
Ia. K. M Iri.Fri-u Rwymrl.tn. In.l., uyi: I
lava m riA,ml Hmwu'i Irxn Hittorn in ciums t
Auj-iuia mmi bUanti d . a- ulicn a tmiif wtui
BowM, aud tt- ttaa tforiirM imtiniftctorj,'
ala V?M BrmMa.WSt Mary Kt .. NW i M-nn. Ijt...
ttruwn'i lroo Bitt'i rlif-vti nw in a i m
ttt bluruti pottHtotrur. ami I bsaruljr ouuunwud it
loaM niiria a tti'-ni punri-r
Mg. W. Vr . MtM ahn. Tutwnmhim. Ala . bivi: I
hn tmn triMittUtai Innn cbiiiwHi with Im.Hire
Jntoud aud ruitwia on my (a- t Uttlw .t
bnrWD1 Irtao BitUini Iftctd a ajrla-cl curvi. I
AUAut ipuh tu bmtiijr tf liiia valuabto UMMiiciua.
Oaaotua hMtbonTrtdn Mark and rr--r--d rd ltnaa
wrtir. Take ihrr. MaW otily hy
.HtMi 1.4.. HALTIMOkUllll.
lHEiibtt Webster
Successor of the linabfldfid.
WEBSTER'S
INTERNATIONAL
DICTIONARY
A GRAND INVESTMENT
Tnr tl.a au.llj, llio S'btM.I or the I.ibrarr.
Th. work 1. f rviil.tl .erulel ovr ten
rear., mora I lino a hunutcil editorial la
l.t.iera lt:!fi tes. employed, anil oi
a MKi.lM vipendaU betoro the Urat cop
waa pi luted.
SOLD BY ALL BOOKSCllERS.
A f'iii.l,let ..f i.(..e im. n J tires. IMu'lratl.Hia,
luCUt.iilllMl-.lf-ti'., ..nt flet. I.y tiie pllllllshera.
Caution is n-.-1.-1 ta ) un l .-lne a du-tionv
ry, w phot-'trrapli'-r tri.nnii .f a .'. iiipuralivelv
.rttil -. d.li.m Of tv..ut. r are lin marketed
.u.K-r v.ai.iiBaarni4.fU4ul m i-r prtacuialloo.
GET THE BEST,
Imarnational, alucli bears thn Imprint .f
C. cV C. rVI ERRIAM . CO..
PUBLISHERS.
PPirir.-p-i r.. .'. .. U. S. A. -
1)
ON A l.l E. MJFTON,
A I'l'OKN KY-AT LAW,
Uiai-ion, r-BBiA
taT 4 tt.ia lilia Kuuca, Ueaur atreat.
m
mm
s im: j izr ,
1 1 IS Eleunth Ave.. ALTODVl PA-
1 o-"
; , p
more cheerful than either.
Rochester."
TU C
1,300
BUSHELS
OF
POTATOES
O. W. Bkamki.e, Kalr Lea, Kut Crv,
M d., .s:i h :
With 0O jM.nrul or Powrll'i Oreen
It(I Kertlllaer taw PoUton, oo
ueres .r mud, lie mied l,.i0 busliuls
Kinootli, giMH., hized potatoes. When
ii:titlty o- ri-rtiliz.r and quality ol
land is i'oiiM, !,-,,,!, this Is largest crop
t.f potalm-s ever raised in the World.
Why not ra.s-j I. in erops of HitHtoea?
We .-tiii tell or. ,v to do It, and how
to pi event H-j., Itot nit. I KltKlt.
fs-1' l 'tin. .tamps for t loo It
of rS paxes,
W. S. Powell 5c Co.,
Chemical Pertilizer Manufacturers
lialtimorc. Mi.
l-tSl.
Pulioiaa written at abort noice la the
OLD RELIABLE ' TETNA"
vna olhr 'irat t'lua t'uiupnn lea.
rr. W. DICK,
i'T t'OK TIIE
OLD HARTFORD
PIKB INSURASsGBOOllT.
KIMMKNCKU Bl'SlNKSS
1794.
r:remr.iir..loiy l,18H'i.
Moimlaiii House
STAR SHJ.YIIIG PARLORI
CENTRE STREET, EBENSEURG.
'I'HIS well known and Ionic eatatitlahrd Sliarinx
I. I'arloria now loeatrit en t'entre utreel. oii
pofiie tha livery rlahle ol O'llara. Il k. I.ulh
er where the l iimnei.ii will I e earned on In the
lulure. SIIAVIM:. IIAIK I I'IIIMI AMI
SHAMI'IMilNtl dona In tha brateiit and niuat
arlMtw manner. I'len Towela a eially.
S.liulea waited on at their remdeneea.
JAMW11.I1ANT.
Troprietor
X. ATl'DKNKY-AT-I.AW,
KaaanauKo. I'khb'a'
we-'Speclal atUnllon to glran claim for Pa
atoa Bouaty, etc '-
r
FOUND IX A l;KA3L
The Strange Story of the Discov
ery of an Arizona Oold Mlna.
In Ilia Sleep s Kanaaa Farmer Loeatee m
LiMt Itrolher aad m Kirh Claim
aad Haa the Vlaloa
Materlallae.
n" of the most peculiar freaks of
Iisycljolojrioal phenomena ever liroupht
t liffht has just eulminateil near I'he
nix. Arizona. In 1S."9 two brothers. A.
It. anil Luther Ellett. lived in Nemaha
county, Kansas. Luther chose the part
of the wanderer and Went west, pre
sumably to Colorado, and nothing more
was heard of him except vajue reports
that he had been killed ly Indians.
The war came and A. R Ellett served
four years in the union army, coiii'intf
out in 1MJ5 completely broken in health.
He returned to Kansas and settled
down on his farm near Sabetha, where
he remained until recently. He ac
cepted rumor as truth und, not petting
any letters from the brother, regarded
him as dead. In ISsO he was altiicted
by the breaking out of an old wound
and waseontiued to his room for many
w.-eks. During that time he dreamed
that his brother was alive and in Pres
ent t. A. T. It seemed that they were
together in the mountains, and in pass
ing down a canyon they discovered a
fabulously rich gold mine a few miles
from an old abandoned shaft once
owned by Luther. The dream made
little impression on him, but the next
ni'ht it was" repeated, and even the
trees and the outlines of the mountains
were perfectly impressed on his mind.
He not heed the possibility of the
mine Wing there, for the smell of hay
had never been out of his nostrils, and
he did not know quartz from lava, but
he thought it worth while to make some
inquiry atout his brother, which he did.
A li tter directed to the postmaster at
Present t brought the Information that
hi brother wa-s an old resilient, but was
then out in the mines. A correspond
ence ltegan between the two brothers,
,iu.l during its course the part of the
dream ' relating to the mine was di
vulged. ICeiiig in that vicinity one day
Luther Ellett looked for the mine but
found nothing. The matter passed
along until a month ago, says the San
Francisco Chronicle, when the Kansas
brother concluded to visit his relative in
Arizona, ami at the same time to l.x.k
at the country, lie still hail un inclina
tion to look for the mine, but was
ashamed to own it. His brother met
him in Present t, and after staying a few
days there they went to the mountains
and visitiil the old abandoned mine.
When they approached it the Kansas
man reeoguized the country as the one
he had seen in his dreams, and told
even how the shaft was situated with
regard to the mountains ami canyons
with such accuracy that his brother
was filled with astonishment, but he
was an old prospector and a liclicf in
dreams was not one of his superstitions.
When they arrived at the spot Mr.
Ellett said it seemed to him that he had
often liecti there before, and after look
ing over the ground they Utnk a pick
and walked westward toward the point
indicated by the dream. In crossing
the canyon the prost-tor stumbled on
a very rich ledge and exultantly ex
cU':mcd that they had found the
mine. The brother answered that it
might lie rich, but the one they were in
search of was richer. Climbing up the
other side of the gulch, they came to
the spot where the dreams had located
the IimIc, but there was nothing in
sight but half-decomposed granite.
Tin; perfect resemblance of the land
marks hail so excited their Lojh' that
they were disappointed and stood for
some time talking the matter over.
While so standing the one with the
pick legan picking on the shelving
nck and a great piece of it fell down,
exposing a blind ledge of white quartz
resplendent with free gold. They
worked into the mass, tind it to le
ulxnit thirty inches in width and widen
ing as it went down at an angle of
forty-five degrees. The prospector
stayed there, afraid to leave the mine
for fear of claim-jumpers, but his
brother brought a sack of the samples
to Phu'uix and the assays go two thou
sand six hundred dollars in nineteen
dollars to the ounce gold. Samples
have also Wen sent to the mint at San
Francisco for testing. When Mr.
Ellett was seen by a rejmrter he did not
seem disposed to talk about the mine,
saying that they wished to keep its ex
istence quiet, and had done so for two
weeks, but tinding that mining men
from that section had already told it he
narrated the story as given aliove.
Mr. Ellett is a responsible farmer in
his home state and In-fore SepteuilnT
had never seen an ounce of gold ore. so
he counts himself as one of the crea
tures on whom fortune has smiled. The
story of the dream was published in
lss'.l by several scientific journals in the
east as illustrating the fact that
former knowledge and information hail
nothing to do with the substance of
dreams.
PEOPLE OF ROYAL BIRTH.
Pkince Hismaim k has seen statues
raised in his honor, which is a recogni
tion few men live to see.
Thk marquis of Iorne sympathizes
with strikes that are reasonable, and
tias often In-en known to contribute his
mite to a socialistic fund.
Lkoi'oi.i, the king of the Ilelgians, is
one of the most inveterate gamblers in
Europe, and what he doesn't know
ala mt a hand at cards is hardly worth
mentioning.
Fou several years to come the emper
or of Ucrmany will reside at Potsdam
iN.th winter and summer. The reason
f..r this change is said to le the emper
or's intention to have extensive altera
tions made in the ryoal castle in lferlin.
A LITTLE HUMOR.
"What I value most is my peace of
mind." "That's strange, ton. You've
such a small piece. Harper's llazar.
EitAfK "I make it a point to give the
devil hi due. Itagley " Yes? Would
you mind handing him that five you
owe lIle.' X. Y. Herald.
'II ave you a parrot that can swear?
'Yes," replied the bird dealer. "Well,
I'll take it; 1 want to bang it up lieside
the thermometer." Washington Star.
He "Have you heard?" She
"W hat?" He "Miss Spinster is going
to In; married." She "(, yes, I've heard
that ever since I can remember." lick-Mc-l'p.
"Vi'mat was the matter with you?"
LONDON HOUSES.
Their Dlvlalona loto Torrid. Frigid aad
Temperate Zonea.
A far more serious drawback to the
average London house, considered as a
home, is to be found in the limits to
comfort in its interior, says the Specta
tor. It has its torrid, its frigid, and its
temperate zones; and until some adjust
ment of its atmospheric conditions is
secured, though it will still be inhab
ited, it will never be, in the best sense,
habitable.
The chill of a London dining-room is
a thing never to be forgotten, though it
is not tieyond remedy. It is commonly
said that country houses are tio cold to
le endurable in winter. Itut we doubt
if there is anything in the design of
most country houses so ingeniously con
trived to baffle the struggle against
cold as the London ground floor. The
narrow passage leading directly from
the door of the dining-room to the door
cf the street is the cause of its main pe
culiarity. The larger the fire and the
greater the consequent discomfort to
those who sjt with their backs exposed
to its rays, the colder is the draught
which plays upon the backs of the
guests on the opposite side.
Nor can this le a matter for surprise,
so long as the whole supply of fresh air
rushes in "cold drawn" from the street,
in exact proportion to the exhaustion
caused by the fire in the room. The
remedy is to warm the fresh air on it-t
way. Fresh air need not 1h cold air;
and where the length of the Inevitable
passage admits of double doors and a
stove, "dinner chills" might be avoided,
and even the ground floor London
houses 1h habitable.
Want of space, owing to the high
price of land, is the main cause of fail
ure; and the result is seen in a two-fold
migration, curiously like the dual mi
gration of birds. We either ascend to
seek a warmer climate In the upper re
gions of flats, just as the birds go up the
mountains to seek a cooler temperature;
or we leave town altogether in order to
build more coiumiMliously in the sub
url or the country. The double growth
of London, not only outward, but up
ward, is largely due to the discomfort of
the London dining-room.
NIGHT IN A GUIANA FOREST.
C'birpa, Sereama and Howls Combine to
Make It Terrifying.
The bats are settling themselves in
the hollow trees or under dense masses
of creepers, making mouse-like chirp
ings as they hang themselves up in
their places. Here and there a lumler
ing moth looking out for a safe retreat
until evening is fluttering lazily along
lc fore retiring to rest. The owl and
goat-siifker shrink before the light and
also hurry otT to their hiding places,
making room for the brilliant families
of day birds which are calling and
chirping from the tree tops. The weinl
voice of the howling monkey now
horrifies the stramrer, filling him with
wonder and res-ailing stories of ban
shees and ghosts retiring at cock-crow.
Then a tlx-k of parrots or macaws is
heard screaming far overhead, their
glorious plumage flashing in the morn
ing rays in metallic tints of golden
yellow, green and crimson. The din
would Ik almost unliearable were the
birds near at hand, but Longman's
Mau'azine saj-s that, as they rarely fly
or perch low, their voices are mellowed
by distance. Congregating on the
Ixmghs of the highest trees far beyond
the reach of the Indian's gun or blow
pipe they take their morning meal of
fruits and nuts, chattering away like a
lot of rooks in a clump of old elms.
Here and there a toucan making his
presence known by yelping like a
puppy. Looking up, you see the rich
colors of his breast and wonder why
his leak is so large and apparently un
gainly. From the reeesses of the forest
conies the ting of the companero, sharp
and clear as a bell struck at mixlerately
long intervals. Other birds utter their
characteristic notes, most of these le
ing quaint and "curious rather than
musical. The birds of the tropics are
brilliant in their plumage, but are
almost wanting in melody, there Wing
nothing at all' resembling the chorus
which makes the English woods so de
lightful on a summer's morning.
LESSER OF TWO EVILS.
Why t'blneae I'lratea Welrome the Intro,
duetlou of the iiulllotlne.
It is said that the guillotine has re
cently Wen introduced by the French
into their colony of Tonquin. The
French, as all the world is aware, have
had. and still have, plenty of wirk to
do in the way of exterminating piracy
in tliat vast and as yet unremunerative
Missession. And the methtKl by which
they endeavor to exterminate the pirate
(when they catch him, which, as a rule,
they do not) is that of decapitation.
That ceremony, according to the Lon
don t;ioW, has hitherto been performed
in the primitive and rather barbarous
native way. The culprit. Wing placed
in a convenient position, used to light a
cigarette and wait for the executioner
to take a shot at his neck with a big
sword. Sometimes the headsman aimed
straight and sometimes he did not, and
a finding hail long existed among the
gentlemen of the piratical profession
that an execution thus executed was
distinctly an unpleasant process for the
patient. Consequently the introduction
of the "wood of justice" has by no
means prtduced the effect which the
French authorities desired and ex
pected. Instead of Wing impressed
with the horror of this mode of execu
tion, the natives of Tonquin are said to
W highly delighted with it. In fact,
Ihi'V regard the guillitine as a most in
genious article tie Paris, and they have
already witnessed one execution with
every demonstration of enthusiasm.
Dying, they say, is made so delightful
ly c:e v 13' this admirable invention of
the superior European intelligence.
The result i i that considerable satis
faction is expressed in piratical circles,
and it is confidently anticipated that
piracy w ill shortly increase very con
siderably, as noliody in Tonquin would
mind Wing abbreviated instantaneous
ly by the guillotine. Death, in short,
has List most of its terror because the
process of dying has been rendered so
simple.
Hebrew lleeomlng a I-lvinjr Laarufa.
Hebrew, it is said, is again becoming
a living language in Palestine. The
thousands of the chosen people who are
going there from dilTerent countries, be
ing unable to communicate with each
ot jer in their ordinary language, resort
to the knowledge which they have of
Hebrew in their religious services for a
means of communication. .
ITALIANS AT HOME.
A Land That Is Overflowing with
Poor People.
anmewae k.aa term t low ta TtaU Country
Oeeaaionad lay a I-aek ar Employment
ta Italy TLara;a Saaua of
Money Sent Back.
The great masses of the people barely
make out to live. They are poorly fed,
scantily clothed and badly housed In
dian meal Italian chestnuts and rice,
with a little inferior fruit, constitute
the staple diet of the majority of the
Italian peasantry. In thousands of
homes in this Heaven-favored land,
meat and wheat bread are unknown.
It is said that the great majority of the
poor people eat meat but three or four
times a year at the most.
Christmas and Easter are hailed as
meat days rather than as holy days.
For those who have eyes for anything
but the beauties of art and the glories
of nature, there are no sadder sights
than can be seen in the streets of any
Italian city. Multitudes of human be
ings, with pale faces, hungry eyes and
dejected looks, throng all the highways
of travel, and though begging is for
bidden by law it is almost universally
practiced Old women and little chil
dren, the lame, the halt ami the blind,
and even able-bodied men, besiege
the stranger at almost every step.
It is generally admitted that there is
no remunerative employment in Italy,
and, as a consequence, there is annual
ly a large emigration to this country,
ISrazil and the Argentine Republic. The
emigrants are poor, sometimes ignor
ant, and often vicious. There are two
classes of emigrants from Italy, the
permanent and the temporary. The
temporary arc those who leave in the
early spring and go north in search of
labor, and late in the year return to
their native land. Statistics show that
about one hundred thousand laborers
migrate in this way every year.
It is estimated that those Italians
who have sought homes in America send
back to their poor relatives no less than
twenty million dollars every year. Italy
is losing emigration about two hun
dred thousand of its population annual
ly, but the natural increase of this pro
lific race more than makes good the
loss. While in France deaths are in ex
cess of births, in Italy the increase of
population is rapid in spite of the ever
increasing exodus. What can W done
to relieve the suffering masses is a
problem of the greatest gravity.
Fortunately, the climate does much
to diminish the hardships of poverty.
The short, funny winters, the long,
pleasant summers, enable the multi
tudes to live on comparatively little.
Except in cooking their scanty meal,
the poor Italians seldom have a fire,
even in the Severest tl f'afhPrT'An Ameri
can family will consume more wood
and coal in one week than the average
Italian family uses in a whole winter.
The cost of fuel is so great that a fire is
considered an expensive luxury. Hut
there are days, anil even weeks, during
the winter, in all parts of Italy, when
the weather is quite cold, and at such
times the suffering is something fearful.
When people have neither food nor fire
ou a cold day, their condition is truly
lamentable.
l.ut it must W said to the praise of
the Italians that, notwithstanding all
their burdens of taxation, of poverty,
and of sickness, they are still cheerful
and a patient race They are soWr by
habit, they are idle from necessity, if
if not from choice. While this is true,
it is also true that the comforts, pleas
ures and enjoyments of life are far
greater in this country than they are in
Italy.
BEAUTY IN THE LIP.
Some Savaajre I'rlde Themeelvee on Six,
t libera on lteformlty.
Among the Itabines. who dwell to th
north of the Columbia river, a large un
der lip is regarded as a type of Wauty.
A small incision Is made in the lip dur
ing infancy and a fragment of bone
inserted This is replaced from time to
time by larger and larger fragments.
each operation Wing attended with
severe pain, and, according to the
Itrooklyn Eagle, at length pieces of
wood measuring not less than three
inches in length and one and a half
inches in width, are inserted, causing
the lip to protrude to a frightful extent.
A similar custom exists among the
Paraguay Indians, and the labnets
worn by the IJotocudos are inserted in
a slit made in the lower lip. The Hoto-
cudo has leen u.iticed to take a knife
and cut a piece of meat on it and tumble
the meat into his month. Among the
Hydahs (Queen Charlotte islands) it is
considered a mark of the lowest breed
ing to W without this labial ornament
of the lower lip. When a young woman
and an old one quarrel the elderly
dame will reproach the younger one
with her youth, inexperience and gen
eral ignorance, pointing, were further
proof necessary, to the Inferior size of
her lip. T his lip ot beauty is not, now
ever, peculiar to these aborigines, but
is common among some of the African
tribes. The IJerrys, for instance, who
inhabit Sanbriat, a tributary of the
Nile, insert in the lower lip a piece of
crystal an inch in length- The llougo
women in a similar way extend the
lower lip horizontally till It projects
far Wyond the upper. The mutilation
of both lips is observed among the
women of Kadje in Segseg, between
Lake Tsad and the lleuwe.
The Welland Canal.
The total revenue for the year was
RS50.SM, an increase of f,292 over P1H).
There was refunded on grain in lS'M
toll to the amount of rll.KK, and in
to tVJ,sX4. The latter figures, says
the Cleveland Leader, represent
tons of grain which passed down the
Welland canal and were transshipped
at Canadian ports to Montreal, and
upon which a rebate of 18 cents a ton,
was made. The total quantity of grain
which passed down the Welland canal
to Montreal was S95,.rOw tons as against
'i-iS,51 in the previous year. The quan
tity on which full tolls were paid
shipped from one United States port to
another United States port iJbows a de
crease from 245,9: to 'JO2,710. The in
ference Wing, judging from the figures
already given, that a large amount of
traffic has Wen diverted to the St Law
rence route. The bill passed by the
United States congress authorizing the
levying of tolls upon Canadian vessels
passing through the Sault canal is caus?
ing a great deal of discission among
the owners of Canadian floating prop-
ej1' "LL
education and learning.
A rLendlae; Eaerllah Educator folate Oat
the Otfrerence Hetwean Them.
"People have a peculiar notion of
what constitutes an education, said
Prof. John Cochran, one of Oreat Brit
ain's leading educators, who is making
a tour of the United States, to a Olobe
Deniocrat man. "I have seen many an
educated man who couldn't tell an ad
verb from a proverb, a green root from
an ellipsis. And I have seen men who
had taken all the 'varsity degrees so
profoundly ignorant that a Digger In
dian might pity them. Too many men
forget that a school, whether it W the
log cabin affair of the American wilder
ness, with its three Us and a bundle of
birch roils, or the proudest continental
university, but furnishes him with tiols
with which to dig for knowledge on his.
own behalf but puts him in the way of
securing an education. A man d. es not
learn tireek, Latin, French or (lerman
for the sake of knowing those lan
guages, but to secure the key to the
casket in which is l.cked the wisdom of
Socrates, the eloquence of Cicero, the
reflections of Montesquieu and the phil
osophy of Kant. If the key is neverap
plied, if the treasure is not appropri
ated, k nowledgeof these languagi-s is as
worthless, so far as learning is con
cerned, as the gun of Mark Twain's
Arab protector, which was never load
ed. A gentleman was recently ln-moan-ing
to me that he was uneducated; I
questioned him, and found that he bail
read and digested everything in the
English language worth knowing.
Shakespeare anil the liible, Milton and
Adam Smith. Itrowning ami HerWrt
Spencer were as familiar to him as the
face of his wife. He was a mining en
gineer, and knew more almut geology
than half the professors of that science.
He was a prosperous merchant, conver
sant with the laws of trade; a banker,
who hail made a practical study of
finance; a politician, who hail studied
men and measures so accurately that he
Wcame the recognized leader of a great
party. Itut he hail never attended
school had never stood up and par
roted a lesson to a professor, anil there
fore believed himself ignorant, I said
to him: 'My dear sir, you are one of the
lest educated men I ever met. I wish
that you would open a school for teach
ers and impart to our public educators a
portion of your knowledge. They
would be then Wtter able to earn their
salaries."
THREE KINDS OF RUBIES.
Tha Oriental la Moat Valuable and la of
Arterial Hlood Color.
There are three kinds of rubies the
oriental ruby, the spinel ruby and tlie
balas ruby. The first is the only true
one, according to the Jewelers' Ueview.
The latter differ considerably in com
parison from the lirsL The true Ls
composed almost exclusively of alum
ina. In the latter are only scven-tetitlis
of alumina, the remainder Wing chiefly
magnesia. The color, moreover, is due
partially to the oxide of chromium, a
substance of which the genuine ruby
has not a trace. In commerce thehalas
ruby has much inferior value to the
spinel. This is generally of a vivid
poppv-red color: the balas is of a violet
rose, although Pegu has furnished white
and white violet spinels, and Suder
mania even bluish gray ones. It can W
seen at once, therefore, bow extremely
erroneous would W a classification of
gems by color or general appearance
alone. The primitive form of the spinel
ruby is like that of the diamond, eight
sided, which distinguishes it at once
from the oriental stone. The color of
the genuine ruby is that of arterial
blood, or pigeon's 11mmI. as it is called.
It is extremely hard and after the sap
phire is the hardest of the corundums,
which renders it difficult to understand
why the earth so randy gives it up.
Its tint is as Wautiful by artificial light
as by day, and its powers of refraction
so great that ancient Wlief credited it
with power of emitting light. The an
cients even supposed that it would shine
through clothing with undiminished
power.
The largest ruby known is one men
tioned by Chardin as having W.-n en
graved with the name of Sheik Sephy.
Another noble ruby is in possession of
the shah of Persia. Its weight is put
at one hundred and seventy-five karats.
A third, Wlonging to the king of
Usapar, was cut into a hemispherical
form, and in was 1 .ought for thir
teen thousand eight hundred and sixty
six dollars. A ruby possessed by Ous
tavus Adolphus. and presented to the
czarina at the time of his journey to St.
Petersburg, was the size of a small
hen's egg.
Story About the I'anar.
A pretty fable about a pansy is cur
rent among French and Oerman chil
dren. The flower has five petals and
five sepals. In raostpansies, especially of
the earlier and less highly developed
varieties, two of the petals are plain in
color and three are gay. The two plain
petals have a single sepal each, and the
third which is the largest of all, has
two sepals. The fable is that the pansy
represents a family, consisting of hus
tiand. wife and four daughters, two of
the latter Wing stepchildren of the
wife. The plain petals are the step
children, -with only one chair; the two
small gay petals are the daughters with
a chair each, and the large gay petal is
the wife with two chairs. To find the
father one must strip away the petals
until the stamens and pistils are bare.
They have a fanciful resemblar.ee to an
old man with a flannel wrap about his
neck, his shoulders . upraised and his
feet in a bathtub. The story is probably
of French origin, because the French
call the pansy the stepmother.
A NEW VERSION,
Smat.l fry Scalln;a4, ;
STHAK holders Droller.
Tick their art Etcher,
Oo to blazos IMrenjon.
Muct be stopped The organ.
Can't be blowed Shoe horns.
OrvTS us points The compass.
A TU beak fast roll The sausage.
The best policy A paid-up one.
Have the right of weight Coal buyer.
Useless unless they are cracked
Eggs.
Ax annual event The fall of the
year.
A hubby call "Ten minuses for din
ner." CiiEATt'RF.8 of imagination Jove and
Juno.
Always goes it alone The confirmed
bachelor. Mail and Express,
IMITATION GEMS.
How " Many Kinds of Precious
Stones Are Counterfeited.
Koek Cryatal Itaya an Important Part la
the Manufacture of Artificial Jew- -eta
One Iteaalt of I'roft-reae
In f hemlatry.
"The finest imitation diamonds are
made out of rock crystal," said a Wash
ington dealer in precious stones to a
Star man recently. "The basis of the
most successful counterfeit? of all kinds
of gems is a pure, very dense and highly
transparent sort of glass, which is
termed 'paste' in the trade. For false
diamonds this glass is simply cut and
polished in facets, while for imitating
other stones, such as rubies, emeralds,
sapphires, etc., metallic oxides are
mixed With it
"li manufacturing glass for such pur
poses the pneesses employed have to
W conducted with the utmost nicety.
For making even the best mirrors, the
necessary silica is obtained from ordi
nary white quartz, while common win
dow pain's are produced from sea sand
to a large extent; but, in this case, nx-k
crystal is substituted, composing almut
fifty per cent, of the ingredients of the
paste. To this must W added twenty
two per cent, of carKinate of soda and
due proportions of calcined Wrax, salt
peter and re.l lead. All of these things
are reduced to the finest powder, mixed.
fu:.ed together by heat in a crucible and
cooIimI slowly.
The density, transparency an
Wauty of the plate dejcnd upon the
care taken in these pnccsses. Thus
made, it is all ready to W cut up into
diamonds and pri-pansl for market. It
may W. however, that the manufac
turer desires to produce counterfeit
gems of other sorts. If so, he has the
means readily at hand. Supposing that
he wants rubies, he fuses with paste a
.mall quantity of peroxide of manganese
nd a trac-c of Cass i us purple, which
will give the proper color. For cmer
tlds, he employs in like manner oxide
f in n and for sapphires oxide of co
balL "Topaz is easily formed in the cruei
lilc by mixing with one thousand parts
of paste forty parts of glass of anti
mony and one part of Cassius purple.
l-.r manufacturing other kinds of gems
there are methods equally simple. f
course, none of the.se imitation precious
stones lias the chemical constitution,
hardness, specific rravity or optical pr p
erties of real ones. Accordingly their
falseness is readily perceived by an ex
pert. Inasmuch as the elements of
w hich various gems are composed are
well known, synthetic chemistry lias
attempted to reproduce them by putting
the ingredients together and effecting
crystalliz ilion in tlu" Lib rat-rv. In
this way large masses of what might lie
termisl true ruby and sapphire are
turned out artificially, such gem-like
material having some uscfuliK-ss for in
dustrial purposes, although lacking the
brilliancy of nature's products.
For my own part, I am confident
that sooner or later some, if not all, of
t ne stones deemed precious will W re
produced by artifice. The chemists w ho
have hitherto confined their attention
to taking things apart are Wjrinning to
h-arn how t put them together. All
the gems are -ery simple in inpj.i
tion and the problem is merely to uia'.e
their elements crystallize properly. In
all such knowledge science has m ide
but little progress as yet. We i'o not
even know for what reason o:ie sul
st a nee is tranpai . nt while an ther is
opaque; though presumably there is
some relation Wtween the arrangement
of the molecules in the tr:insparent
ldy and the length of the light waves,
which, in the ease f the transparent
body, permits the latter" to pass
through."'
THE CHAMPION MEAN MAN.
lie Waa Too Mean to Live Bat lie Man.
ac;ed to Survive,
"The meanest man I know of lives
in Kansas." said Di. Asa Doolittlc. a
mctnWr of a traveling fraternity at the
Lindell, remarks the St. louis (loW
Democrat. "He is a farmer worth a
cool one hundred thoosand dollars. Hi.-,
wife was taken suddenly ill, and he
came to town to consult me a)out her
case. I told him that I could not pro
scriW intelligently without seeing the
patient, but he declined to incur the
expense of a visit. 1 charged him one
dollar for the prescription, and he spent
half an hour trying to Wat me '. jwh to
ninety cents, lie made me write the
pri"seription in English, then b :ught
the drugs and compmindcl it himse'f
t save the apothecary's fee. One of
the ingredients was cap icutn. He
thought he had some at ho:ne. but was
mistaken, anil had to come lm 'c to
town, a distance of four miles, after it.
"IJy the time he had suececdi-d in :.av
ing almut twenty cents and wasting
two dollars' worth of time, hi-i wife
was dead and the medicine a de:id 1 ss
on his bauds. That so wore u Uiia
that he fell ill. ll took the raclicine
prepared for his wife, but Uiatonly
aggravated his malady. When he final
ly recovered he sued me for ten thou
sand dollars and was Waten and hail to
pay costs. He then went W-fore the
grand jury and tried to have me indicted
for malpractice."
II) pnotie Marvela.
Paris continues to marvel at hypnotic
mysteries. In the course of his experi
ments at the Charity hospital. Dr. Luys
the other day effected so complete an
"exteriorization" of the human lody as
to transfer a woman's sensibility into a
tulbl, of water. The tumbler was
then taken out of the subject's sight.
When she started as If in pain if the
water was touched, and swooned if it
was drank. The water is said to have
retained its sensibility for a considera
ble time. A wonderful discovery made
by Col. Iloche was also confirmed, the
sensibility of a hypnotized subject be
ing transferred to a photographic nega
tive of the same person, a pin-scratch
across the hand of the platecausing the
subject to shriek with pain and to In
come marked in a few moments with a
similar scratch on the hand
A Ktraaaje Cuatom.
A curious marriage custotu is reovrded
by Dr. Post as existing in southern
India among some of the more primi
tive non-Aryan trilics. This consists of
w etldiug a girl to a plant, a tree, an ani
mal, or even to an inanimate object, the
potion Wing that any ill luck which .
may follow an actual marriage may be
averted by a union of this kind
A DRINK OF TURPENTINE.
The Mtetake What-h Made a l-awyer Oat
of a Store Clerk.
"It is remarkable what little inci
dents w ill change the course of a man's
life." said the veteran lawer. Jiscph
A. Itonham, the other day, while in a
reminiscent moid, to a Philadelphia
Call reporter, "Now, if it had not lecii
for a little mistake I should probably
have lieen a country storekeeper in
stead of a lawyer." .
"How was that?" inquired the listen
er. "Well, when I was a young fellow,"
said the lawyer, "my father placed me
with Andrew Irovost. an old French
merchant, at French town. N. J., to
learn the business. Provost kept a lit
tle of everything in the store, which
was in charge of John Jones, who now
keeps a store of his own somewhere in
Jersey. I hadn't been there long when
one day an add farmer came in w ith a
half-gallon jug after gin. Jones Sent
me down the cellar with the old fan.ier
to draw it. As I was not familiar ta ith
the numerous barrels in the cellar and
didn't know much almut gin, I conclud
ed to let the farmer try a drink from
the different barrels until he struck the
right one. This pleased him. He took
the tumbler and turned the spigot of
the first barrel. 'Struck it fir-.ttime,
said he, as he straightened up and
drank. Then he threw himself down
on the cellar floor and yelled like a
fiend. He hail struck the turpentine
liarrel. They took him over to the die
tor'h to have him pumped out, while I,
thinking the farmer was a ilea I man
sure, ran up to the Provost mansion
and hid in my room. I lay low all
night till four o'clock in the morning,
when I skipiMil out and drove to the
turnpike, where I knew the stage was
coming along at that early hour. I got
to Philadelphia by easy stages and soon
afterward found out that the farmer
who drank the turpentine wns still
alive. I entered Theodore Cuyler's of
fice and studied law. If it had Iiot Wen
for that turpentine I might have Wen a
Jerseyman yet."
WOMEN ON DUTCH RAILWAYS.
Long- iloure and mall I'ay for Dolue;
Compmratlvely I.lg-ht Work.
The liritish consul at The Hague says
that, as regards the employment of
women and children on railways, it is
stated that the latter are mostly made
use of at the several railway works,
their parents W-ing glad of the one or
two florins they are able to earn for
comparatively light work. They are
occasionally put to similar work on the
permanent way. Wing paid at the rate
of 75 or so cents. The women arc
chiefly employed in cleaning the car
riages, working on an average eight
hours a day on the state railway, with
light work on alternate Sundays, and
getting 11 florins 2.i cents wages lcr
fortnight; on the Holland railway ten
hours a day without Sunday work,
with a daily wage of 1 florin :iu cents,
or else watching the lines, turn almut
with their husbands, the "wegwach
ters" or cantonniers On the state
railway their work averages twelve
hours (the men taking the night duty)
and they are paid at the rate of "jr
cents a day. Wing lodged besides; the
husbands earning 90 cents a day. On
the Holland railway the average hours
of work are about the same, the woman
receiving pay at the rate t.f 55 cents a
day, 1 florin 65 cents a week Wing,
however, deducted for the lodging al
lowed them.
For women with families the work is
considered trying, especially when they
are kept on duty as long as sixtii-n
hours, as is the case at certain points,
when? the traffic huppens to W very
heavy. As regards the general condi
tions under which the persons in the
employ of the great Dutch railway
companies carry on their work, the tes
timony of the numerous witnesses ex
amined by the commission, with a few
exceptions, went to show that they are
well satisfied both as to the wages they
n-ceive and as to the treatment
awarded them. One witness was of the
opinion that the wages of railway
servants com pa nil favorably with those
of most factory bauds.
ELECTRICAL FLASHES.
Small electric lamps are Wing tried
by the London police in place of the
old-fashioned oil bull's eye. The ex
periment, have proved very sat isfactory
thus far.
Telephotography is at present in
teresting Parisian experimenters and
causes the Figaro to predict that "snou
may W seen in Paris the image of a
man smoking in St- Petersburg."
Ari'LlCATIoxs for space in the electric
ity building at the world's fair aggre
gate Bss.ooo square feet, while only ls".
(Hl feet are available. Foreign nations
have already Wen assigned Cs.ooo feet,
and several of them are urgently ask
ing for more.
An English railroad has just contract
ed for 10,000 incandescent electric
lamps to W placed in their carp. The
lamps are in a box placed over each
passenger, and by dropping a penny in
the slot the light will burn for half an
hour over the passenger's shoulder. It
then goes out automatically.
A Gnat Knake Story.
In Marianne North's "Recollections
f a Happy Life" is a description of a
tame snake. Its mistress would some
times twist the creature in the great
plait of hair she wore around her head,
and once threatened to go down, thus
decorated, to a diuner party of rather
aristocratic people. One of the snake's
twn eccentricities serves to distinguish
it among all other reptiles of a similar
nature which have served as pct. It
was as fond of glittering things as its
mistress, and when she took off her
many rings and placed them on differ
ent parts of the table it would go almut
collecting them and stringing them
on its body. It would then tie itself in a
knot, so that the rings could not W
taken off until it was pleased to uutie
Itself again.
The lee Afe.
An exhibit of the ice age is W-ing
prepared in Ohio for the world's fair by
lnf. I. F. Wright. He will colh-ct
bowlders from different parts of the
state, and with them fragmeuts front
the original ledges in Canada from
w hich the Ohio lmwlders were brought
by the ice, and specimens of Scotch
stones exhibit a large glacial map
of Ohio, an outline map showing the
course the lmwlders have lieen brought,
placard detailing the priucipal glacial
facts. tC