EBH3DURC. PA..
FRIDAY, - - - DEC. Hi, 1S37.
One of the most prominent KpubU
cana who supports President Cleveland's
views ia his message oo revenue re J ac
tion, is Hugh McCuIloch, who was Mr.
Lincoln's Secretary of the Treasury.
E. L. IlAnrrn, Vicel'resirfent of the
fidelity Cauk of Cincinnati, which Le
wrecked some moDlhs atro by using up
the deposits in enormous speculations in
wheat, was convicted of his offense on
Saturday last and on Monday was sen
tenced ten years to the Ohio penitentia
ry. If every bank officer who plays the
eame rascally game that Harper did was
arrested and should meet with a similar
punishment, the practice of using other
peoples money in wild speculative
schemes would be more honored in tbe
breach than in the observance.
John S. JIakmoi r has been nomi
nated by the Ihunocrata in the Virginia
Legist iture for United States Senator to
succeed Henry II. Iiiddleberger, whose
term of cITtee wilt expire on the 4:h of
next March. The election of Mr. li.ir
fcour by the joint vote of the two houses
will take place on text Tuesday. As
Chairman of the iH-mocratic S:ate
Committee Harbour drove Mahone out
of the Senate last year ty securing the
lection of a democratic Legislature,
and in the :tm capacity this year and
witli a similar result, he w ill perform
the same pleasant duty for Iliddleberger.
Akthi i: O'Connor and Sir Thomas
i rattan Ksmonde, the two Irish Home
Ilulers who are now mak'ng a tour
through this country, addressed a large
aud enthusiastic meeting of the friends
of In land iu the Old City Hall, Pitts
burg, on last Sirurday evening, llev.
K. K. I) natio.), a Presbyterian clergy
man, deliveied tf.e nddn-ss of welcome.
Father Wall introduced the two dis-
tmguishe.l gent!em n in a few appmpri-
ate remarks anil Father Sheedyread the
resolution which were adopted by the
meeting. A collection was taken up
in aid of tha cause which amounted to
J I,. "A ).( I.
Five hundred and ninety-four tills
were introduced in the Uuited States
Senate ou last Tuesday, larger n umbo
than vwre ever before introduced in a
single day. Among them were bills
calling fur appropriations aggregating
nearly e'njlit millions for the erection of
thirty-one public buildings all over the
country from Oregon to Plor.da.
Twelve out of the fo-irteen Senators
who made this raid on the Treasury are
Republicans. It is one of their ways cf
getting rid of the surplus in the Treasu
ry. Cleveland's plan is to admit certain
raw matenaU of manufacture free of
duty and to reduce the tax on the
neccessaries of life.
John .Most, the convicted New York
Anarchist was sentenced on last Friday
to one year's imprisonment in the
Jl'ackwells Island penitentiary. From
this sentence Most, t:rder the Jaw or
New Vnk, had the right of appeal to
the Supreme Court and he availtd fcim-
self of the privilege, a female fympa-
Ihiser, named Mr?. Hoffman, going on
his bond in th5um of -..(to. It would good care of his own household. By
Beam from the cass of Jaob Snarp virtueof his an. e he gets ?:VX) addition
al Joi n Mo t that in the cty of Nw al salary oyer andabovejthe pay cfa Sen
York the surest way to keep out of ator, and he has just appolnt"d his eon
prlsoc is to get convicted and sentenced ! to be bis private Secretary atasalary of
by a General Session Court, then take wit h niacticullv nnti.in. tn
an appeal and truploy two or three cute
lawyers.
Ah no synopsis of the President's
message could to anything like justice
to that important State paper, we pub-
Usu it in full in our present issue. Ic
is comparatively brief when contrasted
with previous deliverances of thejsame
character and diseursss only one sub
jectreduction of the surplus in the
treasury. Although the message is
addressed to Cougiess the great purpose ,
or its auiiior is mat It shall reach and
be read in every household In the land, ;
for tlirt simple reasoa that it discii'-ss
questions which come scraight home tr
the weltare of wnat Abraham Licoln
called the ''plain common rn-ooie." r i
trevity and the great importance of the ,
- (
ciuestious it treats will t-i it in h
more geneially read than any message
aent to Congress since the close of the
civil war.
A AViir differci.ee of opinion exis's
among the editors of 15-puMican rews
papere, as well as among the rank and
file of the. grand old party, in regard to
the man that wrote Cleveland's message.
'Nothing like it has occurred since the
agitation of the famous and still un
solved question, '-Who struck Hilly
Patterson"? The AKoona Trilnne is
a.) certain that it was written by Mr.
Carlisle, the Speaker cf the House of
Representatives, that it would not we
think, llincti from making an affidavit
in support of the truth of its theory.!
Another organ is just as positive that
Its author is William Djrsheimer. editor !
of the New York Mr. Next its pa- j
terrlty 1 claimed for David A. Vells.
of Connecticut,, the well known writer
on political ec nomy. Taen 'Tarsee"
Moore, of New York, is held up to
public gaz j as th euipy man. And !
last but not least a shre-vd Republican
politician of MTilmore. in this county, '
according to a letter from that place
published in the Altowna 1 trophic, stout
ly maintains that it is the diabolical
work of Lord Hartington, a Tory state)- '
men of mu eminence ! England. '
You are alt talking up several wronjr
trees, ger.ileiuec, arid each of Jon ought
to know it if you have, carefully and ,
intelligently stulied the public career
of Grover Cleveland. He is a big man !
intellectually as weit as pl.ys'.ca'l v,
just the kind of a man ttiat this big
country at present warta in the White
Jlou.te. He is a man of the people, and ,
for the ieople, does his own thinking-
and writes his own messages. He is
ateadily growing in rublic estimation
ud ir he lives wl!l put; his sign manual
to stvrra! more messages.
The Chiccjgo Tribune 13 the ab'est
and much the most influential Itepubl
cm journal west of the A'.lechenies. It
is an out and out partv organ ; an ar
dent supporter of Mr. Ulaine, and what
it says, or what it does not cay, is said
or not said as party interests demand
when party snpretaacy in the nation is
involved. It speaks for the vital Re
publicanism of the West and Northwest,
and In a leading editorial thus discusses
the President's message :
"Full justification of . President Cleve
land's unprecedented course In devotlog his
annual communication to Congress exclu
sively to a consideration of tbe surplus and
the btf.st means of distributing it. Is to be
fouuJ In tlie message Itself. Tbe message
is able aud statesmanlike, business-like in
sty le, perspicuous In statement, clear In its
reasoning and irrefutable In its conclusions.
Te mermje riVs a'ore p-irfv linen and pre.
entl a common baU ot patriotic Hatesinan
.'ii vi trhich, Republican and Democrats are
bound b'j erery consideration of Vie public
tretare and of political expediency to rtand
tether. Tbe position taken In the previ
ous Congress by the Minnesota delegation
and some other Republican ml be ttoutl
maintained hy tl,t Rtphlu.an tide of the
ITom-e at this session, or they and perhaps tfte
pjrty trhich they represent vill be orcrvheiiiicd,
Thfe message is slrrply tbe tariff reduction
plank of the Republican party, adopted in
lst, expanded. It Is neither more noi less
than a textual sermon on that passage of
the resolutions which promises to "reduce
the surplus by correction the Inequalities of
the taritT." and It is certainly none the less
binding on the Republicans for belt) a now
so Indorsed ty a Iemocratic President.
This U not a time, as tlie message justly
claims, for the discussion of the theories of
protection and free trade. Whatever dler
ence of opinion there may be on genera;
propi!iin- of political economy no one
can honrstty and istchgcnt? deny that trie
present state of the public treasury necessi
tates reduction."
There arequiie a numl er of foreign
er? in the present Congress, and the
Iiiahmen lead, numbering nine. There
are seven Scotchmen and two Norwe
gians. Minnesota, with a single excep
tion, is entirely represented by men of i
foreign birth. Leopoll Morse, of Huston,
is a Pavarian, and Komeis, of Toledo,
Ohio, the baggage master Congressman.
ho defeated Prank IlurJ, is also a
Ilavarian. John T. Caine, the Mormau
delegate, was born on the lale of Man.
There urn! to be a few colored men
from the South in Congress and com
plaint is being mule by the Republican
papers that there U not a man of that
race in the present body. This gives
rise to the question, why don't the Re
publicans give a practical proof of their
afTction for the black man by aending J
a few of them to Congress ? There is
sorely one colored man in Philadelphia
and likewise Pittsburg, the home of
"Ajax" Smith, who Is fit to go to Con
gress. The Republicans in both these
localities have the strength to elect any
man they see proper to nominate, and
instead of railing at aud abusing the
South for uot sending colored men to
Washington they could best show their
sincerity by doing so themselves.
John J. Inoalls, of Kansas, who is
President of the United States Senate,
and whose tongue is steeped iu gall
and biterness, was asked the other day
what his idea was of the civil service
question and answered as follows : "I
believe in civil strvice reform. But the
civil service reform which I would en
force would be to promptly remove
tvery jemccrat and fill h
is i!afP with I
an uncompromising Republican." Aa
PrtidtDt 0 the Senate Inealts takes
He has also the appointment of a mes
senger for his room ia the Senate at a
salary of ?1,H"U0. Ingalls is also chair
man of the committee on the Dis frict of
Columbia, wirh another Secretary aud
j messenger tt salaries of 52,220 and 51,-
100 respectively. The account from
which we get this information don't
Has who are now filling tbe Last Three
named posiions, but the inference is
warranted tt.at if they are not near rela
tives of Inaalls it :s because L'e has
none who coold fill tje positions. This
Is fie sort of civil service reform rhht a
tUriffy man like logalls jtarus for. He
1 a demagogue and a fraud
purest ttami.
of ttie
In urging iu his message that
the
u,,8UoQ f revenue reduction should le
,rrttei1 ,n nonpartisan spirit tbe
.resiuens remarks mat "both of the!
i g,ral i"mi,cl now represented
j in ln Government have, by repeated and
authoritative declarations, condemned
: the condition of our laws which permits
j the collection from the people of uu
i necessary revenue, and have, in tl.e
I moat solemn manner, promised its cor-
i rection." It ia worth while to recall
. the latest "authoritative declaration"
i of tne two parties, as uttered In the
national conventions of 1 :
i democratic
j Tht chtinge is necessary is provpd by
au existing surplus of more than JU0,
0M,0iO, which has yearly been collected
I from a. suffering people. Unnecessary
I taxation. TLe Democratic patry is
1 pledged to revise the tariff, in a spirit
of fairness to all interests.
KEILllLICAX.
The Democratic patty baa fil led
completely to relieve the people of the
burden of uneceasary taxition by a w ise
reduction of the surplus. Tbe Republi
can party pledges itself to comet the
ir-"ilaritie- ot the tariff and to reduce
t:;u surplus.
A.v attempt, was made to asHaaslnate
Jt:s ferry, a leader of me of the do
litiral fractions in the Fiench Cna'nber
ot D.-piilies. i.i) lRt Saturday atterruHu,
iiH l.w Has ilronditig tbe alrps of the
liouiU.u I'alrtce ain-r tha ac'jo-iri.mer.t
u.ent of the Cl:an.ber. Three pisud
sli.iis Wfie fired wt him tiy a mar. named
anlerlin. sup.-il to be intiace or at
Iff:;fWt",Vm,',jt-aH tW 0tiCh t0k
ana Mr Ferry? illnT
,.rM,n0.t. ln."y -
i no hduiu-ub aosassiaiu was
i ptotnptly arretted and aaid that he is
onof a fund of twenty revolutionists
that the band drew iots and that it fell
, to him to kill II. Ferry. When the
attack was made Auberttn, was accom-
bave shot M. OohlJ " .n'nrh.,
ptnied fcy an accomplice.
i leader, but who failed to carry out hi
I'-urpow, giving as fcij reason that his
revolver cropped to Ifce ground.
PKESIDOT'S MESSAGE.
T" the Con'jrtts or" the United States :
You are confronted at the threshold of
your legislative duties with a condition
of the national finances which impera
tively demands immediate and careful
consideration. The amount of money
annually exAcifcd, through the opera
tion of the present laws, from the
industries and necessities of thi people,
largelr exceeds the sum necessary to
meet the expenses of the Government.
When we consider that tbe theory of
our institutions guarantees to every
citizen the full enjoyment of all the
fruits of his industry and enterprise.
with only such deduction as may be bis
share toward tbe careful and economi
cal maintainance of tbe Government
which protects him, it is plain that the
exaction of more than this is indefensi
ble extortion, and a culpable betrayal
of American fairness and justice.
This wrong inflicted upon thoee who
bear tbe burden of national taxation,
like other wrongs, multiplies a brood of
evil consequences. The public treasury,
which should ouly exint as a conduit
conveying tbe people's tribute to its
legitimate objects of expenditure, be
comes a boarding-place for money need
lessly withdrawn from trade and the
people's use, thus crippling oar national
energies, suspending our country's de
velopment, preventing investment to
productive enterprise, threatening finan
cial distmbance. and inviting schemes
of public plunder.
This condition of our treasury ie not
altogether new, and it has more than
occei of late been submitted to the peo
ple's representatives in the Congress,
who alone can apply a remedy. And
yet the situation still continues, with
aggravated incidents, more than ever
presaging financial convulsion and wide
spread disaster.
Ic will not do to neglect this situation
because its dangers are not now palpa
bly imminent and apparent. They ex
ist none tbe less certainly, and await
the unforseen and nnxepected occasion
w hen suddenly they will be precipitated
upon us.
On the .10 6ay of June, tr,e t
cessof rever.n over public expenditures
after complying with the annual require
ment of the sinking-fund act, was J 17.
S.V).7.'55.S4 ; during the year ended Jane
HO. I"' such excess amounted to f !'..
4'kT. M." X and during the yar ended
June :&. 1S7. it reached the sum of
f."..V.7,S4'J.34
The annual contributions to the
sinking-fund during the three years
above specified, amounting in the g
gregate to f l..l.":,3-J0.f4, and deduct
ed from that surplus as stated, were
made by calling in for that ?urposs out
standing tbrre per cent bonds of the
Government. Poring the six months
prior to June 3J.1S7, the surplus reve
nue bad growu so large by repeated ac
cumulations, and it was feared the
withdrawal of this great sum of money
needed by the psople, would so af
fect tbe TMisinessof tbe country that the
sum of ?79, SOI. 100 of such surplus was
applied to the pjyment of the pi:n"iple
an. interest or the three percent bonds
iji in ouaiuiiui., auvt v invn wric a, uvru
payable at the option of tbe Govern
meuf. The precarious condition of
financial affairs among the people still
needing rtlief, immediately after the
30ih day of June, 1S7. the remainder
of the three per cent bonds then out
standing, amounting with principle and
interest to the sum of ?1S,s77,.7X). were
called in and applied to the sinking
fund contribution for the current fiscal
year. Notwithstanding these operations
of the Treasury Department represen
tations of distress in business circles
not only continued but increased, and
alosolute porit seemtd at hand. In
these circumstances the contritution to
the sinking-fund for the current fiscal
year was at once completed by the ex
penditure of f-27.(V4,2.' ."5 in the pur
chase of Government bonds not ytt. due
bearing four and four and a half per
cent interest, the premium paid thereon
averaging about twenty-four per cent
for the former and eight per cent for
the latter. In addition to thfs the in
terest accruing amli.r the current year
"Pon the outstanding bonded isdebted-
ness of tha Government was to some
extent anticipated, and banks selecte-I
as depositories of pub'ic motity were
permitted to scmewhat increase their
deposit?.
fcxoRMOcs .i-Rn.rs predicted.
"While expedients thus employed, to
release to the people the money lying
idle In the Treasury, served to avert
immediate danger, our surplas revenues
have continued to accumulate, the ex
cess for the present year amounting on
the 1st day ot December to .j5.2oS,701.
11). and estimated to reach the sum of
lFJ.OOO.OUOon the30tb of June next,
at which date it is expected that this
sum added to prior accumulations,
will swell the surplus in the Treasury
toiiio.ono.oco.
There seems to be no assnrar.es that,
with such a withdrawal from use of
the people's circulating medium, our
busines community may not in the near
future be subjected to tli9 same distress
which was quite lately produced from
the ame caus. And while the func
tions of our Nall'Mtul Treasury ehould
b9 few and simp'e, and while its bst
condition would be reached. I beileve,
bv its entire disconnection with private
busir;ess iuteres:, vet when, by a per
version of i's purposes, it iUiy hj'ds
money uselessly subtracted from the
channels cX trade, there seems to be
reason luriw ciini iu Bome jeg.u-
mate means fcl.ou:d be devised by the
Government to restore in an emergency,
without waste or extravagance, such
money to its place among the people.
If euch an emergency arises there
now exists no clear and undoubted
executive power of relief. Heretofore
the redemption of lhre per cent bonds,
which were payable a( the. option of the
Government, lias afloided a means for
the disbursement of the excess of our
revenues ; but tiles' bands nave all been
retired, and there are no bonds outstand
ing the payment of which we have the
right to insist upon. The contribution
to the sinking fund which furnishes the
occnsion for expenditure in the pur
chase of bonds has been already made
for the current year, so that there is no
outlet in that direction.
MIAUL THE rt r.CilASE OK It )NIS CON
TINl'E ?
In the present state of legislation the
only preteriee of any existing executive
power to restore, at this time, any pnrt
ot our surplus revenues to th people by
its expenditure, consists in the supposi
tion that tin? Secretary of trie Treasury
may enter the market and purchase tt;e
bonds of the Government not yet due,
at a ra'e of premium to be agreed upon.
The only provision of law from which
such a power ou'.d te derived is found
in an appropriation bill passed a num
ber of years ago, aud it is subj-ct to the
suspicion that it was intended as tem
porary and limited in its application,
instead of conferring a continuing dis
cretion and authority. No condition
ought to exist which would justify the
gran: of power to a siuzle tiflicial, upon
his judgement of its necessity, to with
hold from or release to the business of
rvheTdin-'iheT.e'a'u y nTt bus1 'affect
l " WiU' lhe fiaanci ailuUn
country ; and if it is deemed wise to
the people, m an unusual manner, mon
lodge in the Secretary of the Treasnrv
the authority in tbe present juncture to
purchase tonds, it should bo plainly
vested, and provided as far aa possible
with such checks and limitations as
will define this cfficial's rleht and dis
cretion, ana at the earn time relieve
him from undue responsibility.
In considering tbe question of pnr
chasing bonds as a means of restoring to
J circulation the surplus mcney acenmu-
biting in the Treasury, it should oe
borne in mind that premiums must of
course be paid upon such purchase, that
there may be a large part of theae bonds
held aa investments which cannot be
purchased at any price, and tbat com
binations among holders who are will
ing to sell may unreasonably enhance
the cost of such bonds to the Govern
ment. It has been suggested that the present
bonded debt might be refunded at a less
rate of interest, and the difference be
tween tbe old and new security paid in
cash, thus finding use for tbe surplus in
the Treasury. The success of this
plan, it Is apparent, must depend upon
the volition of tbe holders of tbe present
bonds ; and it is not entirely certain
that tbe inducement which must be
offered tbem would result in more
financial benefit to tbe Government
than tbe purchase of bonds, while tbe
latter proposition would reduce the prin
cipal of the debt by actual payment, in
stead of extending it.
The proposition to deposit the mocey
held by tbe Government in banks
throughout tbe country, for use by tbe
people, is. it seems to me, exceedingly
objectionable in principle, as establish
ing too close a relationship between the
operations of the Government Treasury
od tbe business of the country, and too
extensive a commingling of their mosey,
thus fostering an unnatnral reliance in
private business upon public funds. It
this scheme should be adopted it should
only be done as a temporary expedient
to meet an nrgent necessity. Legjsla
live and executive effort should gener
ally be in tbe opposite direction and
should have a tentency to divorce, as
much and as fast a) can safely be done.
the Treasury Depart men from private
enterprise.
Of course it Is not expected tbat un
necessary and extravagant appropria
tions will be made for the purpose of
avoiding tbe accumulation of an excess
of revenue. Such expenditure, beside the
demorilization ot all iust conceptions of
public duty which it entails, stimulates
a habit of reckless improvidence not in
the least consistent with the mission of
our people or the high and btniticent
puipoacscf our Government.
I have deemed it my duty to thus
bring to tbe knowledge of my country
men, as well as to the attention of tbeir
representatives charged with the re
sponsibility of legislative relief, the
cravity of oar financial sitnation. Tbe
failure of tbe Congress heretofore ta pro
vide against the dangers which it was
quite evident the very nature of the
difficulty must necessarily produce,
caused a condition of financial distress
and apprehension since your last ad
journment, which taxed to the utmost
all the authority aud expedients within
executive Control ; and these appear
now to be exhausted. If disaster results
from the continued .inaction of Con
gress, the responsibility must rest where
it belongs.
Though the situation thus far consid
ered is fraught witn danger which
should be fully realized, and though it
presents features of wrong to tbe people
as well as peril to the country, it is but
a result growing cut of a perfectly rata
ble and apparent cause, constantly re
producing the '.a me alarming circum
stances a congested national treasury
and a depleted monetary condition in
the business of the ccuntry. It need
hirdly be stated that while the rresent
bituation demands a remedy, we can
only be saved from a like predicament
in the future by the removal of its
cause.
Our scheme for taxation, by means of
which this needless surplus is taken
from tbe people and put into the public
treasury, consists of a tariff or duty
levied upon importations from abroad,
and internal-revenue taxes levied upon
th6 consumption of tobacco and spiritu
ous and malt liquor. It must be con
ceded that tone of tbe things subjected
to internal-revenue taxation, are strict
ly speaking, necessaries ; there appears
to be no ju3t complaint of this taxation
by the consumers of these articles, an3
there seems to le nothing so well able
to bear the burden without hardship to
ry twrtion of the people.
VICIOUS. TAHIFF LAW'S.
But our present tariff laws, the vic
ious, inequitable, and illogical source
of unnecessary taxation, ouzht to be at
once revised and am&ndd. These laws,
as their primary and plain effect, raise
the price to consumers of all articles
imported and subject to duty, by pre
cisely the sum paid for such duties.
Thus the amount of the duty measures
the tax paid by those who purchase for
use these imported articles. Many of
these things, however, are raised or
manufactured in our own country, and
the duties now levied upon foreign goods
and piodncts are called protection to
these home manufacturers, because they
render it impossible for those of our
people who are manufactures, to make
these articles and sell them for a price
equal to that demanded for the import
ed goods tbat have paid customs duty.
So it happens that while comparitlvely
a few use the imported articles, millions
of cur people, who never use and never
saw any or the foreign products, pur-
j chas? and use things of the same kind 1
made in this country and pay therefor j
nearly or quite tbe ume enhanced nrire
j which the duty adds to the imported '
j articles. Those who buy imports pay
I the duty charged tneieon into the pub- :
, lie treasury, but the great majomv of
I onr citizens, who buy domestic articles ;
or the same class, pay a sum at least j
home manufacturer. This reference to
the operation of our tariff laws is not
made by way of instruction, but in or
der that we may be constantly reminded
of tbe manner in which they impose a
burden upon those who consume do
mestic products as well ai those who
consume impoiteJ articles, and thus
create a tax upon aU our people.
It is not proposed to entirelv relieve
the country of this taxation. ' It must
be extensively continued as tbe source
of tbe ttoverdroe'jt's income; and in a
readjustment of cur tariff the interest
of American labor encaged in manufac
ture shomd be carefully considered, as
i we i as tne preservation or our manu
i facturers. It may be called protection.
or by any other name, but relief ?rom
the hardships and dangers of our pre
sent tariff laws should bo devised with
especial precaution against imperiling
the existence of our manufacturing in
terests, not this existence should not
mean a condition which, without re- I
gard to th public welfare or a national !
exigency, must always insure the reali- i
zatton of immense profi's instead of j
moderately profitable returns. As tbe '
volume aLd diversity of our national i
activities increase, new recruits are i
added to those who desire a cootinua- j
tion of the advantages which thy con-
ceive tbe present system of tariff taxa-,
tion directly affords them. So stuborn-
, lv have all efforts to reform tbe present i
i condition been resisted by those of our '
f!iow ctt!zens thus ensaod. that thev I
I can hardly complain of the suspicion,
I entertained to a certain extent, that
j there exists an organized combination
j all along tbe line to maintain tbeir
advantage.
( EKTESIiL CELEIIKA1 IONS.
"We are in the midst of centennial
celebrations, and with becoming pride
we rejoice in American skill and in
genuity, in American energy and enter
prise, and in the wonderful natural
a Wantages and resources developed by
a century's national growth. Yet when
an attempt is made to justify a ocheme
which permits a tax to be laid upon
every consumer in the land for tbe
benefit of onr manufacturers, quite
beyon l a reasonable demand for govern
mental regard, it suits tbe purposes of
advocacy to call our manufacturers Infant
Industries, still needing the fciRhest and
greatest degree of favor and fostering care
that can be wrung from Federal legislation.
It also said that the Increase in the price
of domestic manufactures resulting from tbe
present tariff is necessary in order that
higher wages may be paid to oar working
men employed In manufactories, tban are
paid for what is called the panper lapor of
Europe. All will acknowledge the force of
an argument which involves the welfar
and liberal compensation of our laboring
people. Oor labor is honorable in the eyes
of every American citizen ; and as It lies at
the foundation of aur development and pro
cress. It Is entitled, without affection or hy
pocrisy, to the utmost regard. The stand
ard of onr laborers' life should not be meas
ured by that of any other coantry less fav
ored, and tbey are entitled to their full share
of all our advantagee.
By the last census It Is made to appear
that of the 17.TO2.0P9 or our population en
gaged In all kinds of industries 7.670,493 are
employed In agriculture. 4.074.238 in profes
sional and personal service, (2,934.870 of
whom are domestic servants and laborers,)
while 1.810,256 are employed in trade aod
transportation, ana 3.837.112 are classed as
employed In manufacturing and mining.
For present purposes, however, the last
number given should be considerably re
duced Without attempting to enumerate
all. it will be conceded tbat there should be
deducted from those which it includes 375,
143 carpenters and joiners. 285.401 milliners,
dressmakers, and seamtresses. 172.720
blacksmiths, 134,756 tailors and talloresses,
102,573 masons, 7G.241 butchers 41,309 bak
ers. 22,083 plasterers, and 4.991 engaged in
manufacturing agricultural implements.
amounting in the aegreeate to 1,214,023.
leaying 2,623,089 persons employed in such
manufacturing industries as are claimed to
be benefited by a hlfcb tariff.
To these tbe appeal is made to save their
employment and maintain tbeir wages by
resisting a change. There should bu no dis
position to answer such suggestions by tbe
allegation tbat tbey are in a minority among
those who labor, and therefore should forego
an advantage, in the interest of low prices
for tbe majority ; '.heir compecsstion, at It
may be affected by the operation fit tariff
laws, t-hould at all times be scrupulously
kept in view ; and yet with slight reflection
they will not overlook the tact thai they are
consumers with the rest ; that tbey, too.
have their own wants and those of tbeir
families to supply from their earnings, and
that tba price of tbe necessaries or life, as
well as the amount of tbeir wages, will reg
ulate the measure of their welfare and com
fort. WORKIXCMEN TO BE PROTKCTED,
But the reduction of taxation demanded
should be so measured as not to necessitate
or justify either the loss or employment by
the workiogman nor the lessening of tis
wages; and the picfits still remaining to
the manufacturer, after a cacessary read
justment, should furcUh no excuse for the
sacrifice or the interests of his employes
either in their opportunity to woik or in the
diminution of their compensation. Nor can
the wotker in manufacturers fail to undet
stand that while a hlch tariff is claimed to
be necessary to allow the pa; mentor rem
unerative wa?ee, it certainly results in a
Very larse increase in the price or nearly all
sorts or manufactures, which, in almost
countless forms, be needs tor the use or
himself and bis family. He receives at the
desk of bis employer his wages, and perhaps
before he reaches bis home Is oblighed, in a
purchase for family use of an article whicb
embraces Ms own labor, to return in the
payment ot tbe increase in price w hich the
tariff permits, tbe hard-earned compensa
tion or many days or toil.
Tbe farmer and the agriculturist who
manufacture nothing, but w bo pay the in
creased price which the tariff imposes, upon
every agricultural implement, upon all be
wears and upon all he uses and owns, ex
cept tbe increase of his flocks and herds and
such things as his husbandry produces from
tbe soil, is ioviteJ to aid (a maintaining the
present situation ; and he Is told tbat a
hlch duty on impott-d wool Is necessary for
the benefit or those who have fcheep to shear.
In order that the price or their wool may be
Increased. Tbey or course are not reminded
that tbe farmer who has no sheep is by this
scheme obliged, In bis purchases of clothing
and woolen goods, to pay a tribute to his
fellow-farmer as well as to the manufactur
er and merchant; nor is any mention made
of tbe fact that the sbeep-owners themselves
and their households, must wear clothing
and use other articles manufactured from
the wool tbey sell at tariff prices, aud thus
as consumers must return their share of
this Increased price to the tiadesman.
I think it may be fairly assumed that a j
large proportion of the sheep owned by tbe j
farmers throughout the coantry are found i
in small flocks, numering from twenty-five j
to fifty. The duty on tbe grade of imported j
wool which thete sheep yield is ten cents
each pound if of the valne of thirty cnts or
less, and twelve cents if of the vtlue of '
more than thirty cents. If the liberal estl- I
mate or six pounds be allowed for eacb ,
fleece, the duty thereon would be sixty or !
seventy-two cents, and
this may be taken '
as the utmost enchancement of Its price to
the farmer by reason of thisduty. Eijf.iteen
dollars would thus represent th Increased
price of the wool from twenty five steep
ani thirty-six dollars that from the wool of
ditlon would amount to about one-third or
its price, ir npon its sale the Tarroer re
ceive this or a leas tariff profit, the woo!
leaves his hands chared with precisely that
son, which in all its chances will adhere to
it, until it reaches the consumer. When
manufactured into cloth and other Roods
and material ror use. Its cost I? not ouly In
creased to the extent or lhe farmer's tariff
profit, but a turther sum has been added ror
tbe benefit or the manufacturer under the
operation of other tariff laws. In the mean
time the day arrives when the farmer finds
it necessary to purchase woolen (roods and
mateiial to clothe himself and family for
the winter. When he races the tradesman
ror that purpose be discovers that he Is
obliged not only to return in the xray or In
creased prices, his tariff profit on the wool
be sold, and which then perhaps lies before
him in manufactured form, but tbat be must
add a considerable sum thereto to meet a
farther increase in cost caoied by a tariff
duty on taa mauufactcre. Thus in the end
he Is aroused to the fact that he has paid
upon a moderate purchase, as a result of thfe
tariff scheme, which, when he sold his wool
seems d so profitable, an incresee in price
more than sufficient to sweep away all the
tariff prfit be received upon the wool be
produced and sold.
When the number or farmers encaged in
woolroising Is compared with all the farm
ers In tbe country, and the small proportion
they-bear to onr population is considered;
when it is made apparent tbat, in the case of
! a large part or thot.e who own sheep, the
benefit of the present tariff on wool is Illus
ory ; and, above all. when H must be con
ceded that the Ineresse of the cost or living
caused by such tariff, becomes a burden up
on those with moderate means and the poor,
tbe employed and unemployed, the sick and
well, and the young and old, and that it con
stitutes a tax which, with relentless crasp,
is fastened upon the clothing of every man,
woman, and child In tbe land, reasons are
suggested why the removal or reduction of
this dutv should be included in a revision of
our tariff laws.
COM PETITION AMOyfi DOMESTIC PRODUCERS.
In speaking of the Increased cost to tbe
cocaumer of our tome mauufacturef , re-
Go to GEIS, FOSTER & QUIXN'S, Clinton St., Johnstown, Pa., for
Carpets, Mattings, Rugs, Stair Fads, Stair Rods, Stair Buttons,
Oilcloths, Linoleum, Lace Curtains, Feathers,
Turcoman Curtains, Madras Curtain Goods, etc., etc. Quality of Coods
unequaled and prices the lowest.
suiting from a dnty laid upon imported
articles of the same description, the fact is
not overlooked that competition among our
domestic pioduser sometimes has the e ffect
of keeping tbe price of their products below
tbe highest limit allowed by such duty.
But it is notorious that this competition Is
too often strangled by combinations quite
prevalent at this time, and frequently called
trusts, which bave for their object the
regulation of tbe supply and price of com
modities made and sold by members of tbe
combination. Tbe people can hardly hope
for any consideration in tbe operation of
these selfish schemes.
If, however, In the absence of suchc ombi
natlon, a fcealtby and free competition
reduces the price or any particular dutiable
article ot borne production below the limit
which it might otherwise reach under our
tariff laws, and ir, witn such reduced price,
i's manufacture continues to ttrlve, it is
entirely evident that one thins has been dis
covered which should be carefully scrutin
ized In an effort to reduce taxation.
Tbe necessity of combination to maintain
the price of any commodity to the tariff
point furnishes proor that scnie one is will
ing to accept lower prices ror such commo
dity, aud tbat such prices are remunerative .
and lower prices produced by competition
prove the eame thing. Thus where either
of these conditions exist, a case would seem
to be presetted for an easy leducliwU cf
taxation.
KKDrCTIOV OF CUSTOMS DUTIES.
The considerations which bave been pre
sented touching our tariff laws are intended
only to enforce an earnest recommendation
that the surplus revenues of the Govern
ment be prevented by tho reduction of our
customs duties, and, at tbe same time, to
emphasize a suggestion that In accomplish
Ing ibis purpose, we may discharge a dou
ble duty toour people by granting totheia a
measure of reiitr from tariff taxation in
quarters where it can be most needed and
from sources where it can be most fairly
and j ustly accorded,
Nor can the presentation made of such
considerations be, with any daeree of fair
ness, regarded as evidence of unfriendliness
toward our manufacturing interests, or of
any lack of appreciation of tbeir value and
importance.
These interests constitute a leading aud
most substantial element of our country's
progress. But if In the ememeuey that
Tresses upon us our manufacturers are ask
ed to surrender something for the public
good and to avert disaster, their patriotism,
as well as a creatful recognition of advan
tages already afforded, should Jead them to
willing co-operation. No deruaud is made
that they shall foro all the benefits of goy
ejmental regard ; but they cannot fail to be
admonished of their duty, as well as their
enlightened self Interett and 6fety, when
thev are reminded of the fact that financial
panic and collapse, to which the present
condition tends, afford no greater shelter or
protection to oor manfacturers then to our
ether Important enterprises. Opportunity
for safe, careful, and deliberate reform Is
now offsred , and none of us fchould be un
mindful of a time when an abused aud irri
tated people, heedless or those who bave re
sisted timely and reasonable relief, may in
sist upon a radical and sweeping recittlca
tion ot their wrongs.
The difficulty attending a wise and fair
revision of our tariff laws Is not ucderesti
mated. It will require on the part of the
Congress great labor and care, aud especial
ly a bread and national contemplation of
the subject, and a patriotic disregard or
such local and selfish claims as are unreas
onable and reckless or tbe welfare of the en
tire country.
METHODS OK RELIEF SUGGESTED.
Und-ir our present laws more than rour
thousand articles are subject to duty. Many
of these do not in any way compete with
our own manufacturers, and many ara bard
ly worth attention as subjects of reveuue
A considerable reduction can be made iu
the aggregate, by adding them to the free
list. The taxation of lnxuiies presents no
reatures of hardship ; but the necessaries of
, life used and consumed by all the people,
I the duty upon whicb adds to the cost ot liv
' Idb in every home, thould be greatly cheap
' ened.
i The radical reduction of the duties itn
S posed upon raw material used In manufac
j tures, or its free importation, is cf course an
i important factor in auy effort to reduce the
j price of these necessaries ; it would not on
j ly relieve them from the Increased cost
j caused by the tariff on such material, but
I tbo manufactured product being thus cheap
1 ene, that part of tbe tariff row laid -jp-n
! such product, as a compensatien to our
manufacturers for the present price of raw
material, could be accordingly modified.
Such reduction, or free importation, would
serve beside to largely reduce the revenus.
It is appureut how such a change can hae
any Injurious effect upon ur manufactur
ers. On tte contrary, it would appear to
give tbem a better chance in foreigu mark
ets with the manufacturers cf other coun
tries, who cheapen their wares by free ma
terial. Thus our people miuht bave the op
portunity t.f extendici their sales leyoud
the limits of home consumption saving
them from the depression, Interruption in
business, and loss caused by a elutted do
mestic market find affording their employes
more certain and steady labor, with its re
sulting quiet and contentment.
Tbe question thus imperatively presented
for solution should be approached In a spirit
higher than partisanship and considered in
the light or that recard for patiiotic duty
which should characterize the act it n of
those Intrusted with the weal of a confiding
people. But the obi'gation to declared pailv
policy and principle is not wanting to urge
prompt and effective action. Both of the
great political parties now represented In
tbe Government have, by repeated and au
thoritative declarations, condemned the
condition of our laws which permit the col
lection from the people of uunessary reve
nue, and have, in the most solemn manner,
promised its correction ; and neither as cit
izens or partisans are onr countrymen in a
moot to condone thg deliberate violation ol
there pledges. "
Our progress toward a wise conclusion
will not be improved by dwelling ipon the
theories or protection a: d free trade. This
savors too much of bandying epithets. It is
a condition which confronts us not a theo
ry. Iieiirf from this condition may involve
a slight reduction or the advantages winch
we award our home productions, but tbe en
tire withdrawal of such advantages, should
not be contemplated. The question ot free
trade is absolutely irrelevant ; and tbe per
sistent claim made In certain quarters, that
, nil efforts to relieve tlia people from unjust
and unnecessary taxation are schemes of so
called free-traders, is mischievous and k'ar
removed from any consideration for the
public good.
The simple and plain duty which we owe
tbe people Is to reduce taxation to tbe
necessary expenses of an economical opera
tion of the Government, and to restore to
the business of the country tbe money which,
we bold in the Treasury through the per
version of governmental powers. These
things can and should be done with safety
to all our Industries, without danger to the
opportunity for remunerative labor which
our woikingmen need, and with benefit to
them and all our people, by cheapening
their means or subsistence and increasing
the measure or their comforts.
"THE STATE OF THE UNION" IS SHOWN' IK
THE PRESENT FINANCIAL SITUATION.
Tbe Constitution provides that the Piesi
dent "shall, from time to time, give to the
Congress information of the state of the
Union." Ithas been the custom of the
Extcutive, in compliance with this provision
to annually exhibit to tbe Congress, at the i
opening of Its session, the general condition
or the country, and to detail, with some par- i
ticularKy, the operations or tbe different j
Executive Departments. It would be j
especially agreeable to rollcw this course at '
the present time, and to call attention to I
tbe valuable accomplishments or these !
Depaitinenta during the last fiscal year
But I am so much iinpreifud with the para- j
mount importance of the subject to which
this communication has ' thus far been
devoted that 1 shall forego the addition of j
any otter topic, and oniy urge upon your 1
immediate consideration the "state of the j
Union" as shown in '.be present condition !
r our treasury and cur general fiscal situa- !
tion, upon whicb every element or oursafcty
and prosperity depends.
The reports or the heads of Departments
which will be submitted, contain full and
explicit information touching the transaction
of the business intrusted to them, and sue
ici-uujLuei'uiuons relating to legislation in
the public interest as tbey deem advisable.
I ask for these reports and recotuxi-iidatiotis
the deliberate examination and action of tbe
legislative branch of the Government.
There are other subj ects not embraced In
the departmental reports demanding legis
lative consideralinn ar.it which i should L't
glad to submit. Some of them, Lowever,
have been earnestly picscnted in
m r.--aces, acd as to tl:c-ni 1 beg
r peat prior recommendations.
As ttie law tirtk's no proti-ion
report from the Depp.it inent ot
brief history of the transact:o-is of
previous j
It ave to !
ff.r any
S;at?. a ;
that im- j
portaot Dr-partment, together
matters which it niav hereafter
witli other t
bo deemed I
essential to commeu.l to the atttention of
i the Congress, may furubli the ocea-iun for
j a future communication,
j GROVER CLEVELAND.
I Wat.hir.cton, December oili.
CARL RlVIIsriUS,
PRACTICAL
AND DEALER IX
.
-. Hi.: V : 2.r - .,-- .
I I
i. Hi j
i.
ViJ Best jZix Tiio Worlcl
fgy.
o J1. fiOKr.; 4ciil. 70 and -;r. 1 lie trout:-9t tho
i , i. . . Ra.'TinifjQ an tie n'v twiot.-iy
reduced. IS iA T.T. A H il 'llry.
e .,-... -, rt Hin
for tawt Ihctlnn. kuiuine. mu-i s .oolne ta' :.ri.-
Xourtrf n iilBurent btyics. iTkci trom
i rn AnLIrl FIRE ARMS CO.,
I 1 WO llircrtS Tllli(l With nti. i.f nti-
arwflf.v ht tia-1 airea-ir ln fi.-ei
hit Tht-K- ptinsrarry t it nrarly aa
are .w; i accurate unj r;!luL.
lisPSi-- .11
m.
R tTTririrl Uoot lanrn c
V 0l.kn .fi.. : ::irii7( r.-.l 1 kcl
urif ymtr.Er 1U -
uni;-aaoa. lrrie-1 t
a:"-"! I tij l.r-Ai flf.n mrn t. 1 il ruiormMiLAf
'n- I',u' t'lrtuxh and Viram Imik.i.
f-rorst aN'it t-r lnoiv nit'oa.l i .-:pf7or-Hr.iii
v oi k. i-rloo trrm IniuiL.o, a JF i yoi? -?ui u
KviFTUHtU HiiiSCW cal tie t ' -
IMmi Fire lEnracce Apcy
T. "VV. 131 Civ,
Genera! Insurance Agent,
EliEXSISUIlG. 1'A.
ST. FRANCIS' COLLEGE,
LORETTO.rA,
IN CHAItCF. OK
FRANCISCAN BROTHERS.
Board ami Tuition
for the Scholastic Year, $200.
March ;-;:b, I.;, ti.
D
ONALI) E. DUFTON,
ATTOKNKY-AT-LAW,
l-.HKSBISL-Ki. i'EV.'.
- Otbce In 'olonna:) how.
II.
II. MY Flf.
ATTUKNLY-AT-LAVC
-"KT.Brn.i, I'i
Sf-oace In Collonade Kow, on L'eir, , trM.
G
EO,
M. KEADK,
ATTUKNKY
iT-UW,
-Office on Centra
street, i.t-jr l-.i.-:,
M. D. KITTELL,
Attorncj'-ut-inM',
EUENSBUKO, PA.
Offlee Armory Halldlnir, opp. Court H
T.
W. DICK, Attorney-t-i.a w
lieii(t'urir, l"a. OTLce In t ulM Itiv-.. t
J . Lloyd, doe'il, (tirnt floor.) Ontrt f.rett.
ril and e!le"il.n a specialty. (IO-14.
7
FOK
r
KAI.K STEAM KNH K. CLAY ,
re I'Htis, Unllcr and Sheel-lTon U -,
JSecon J-h nl eniilrn f an! holler on ha:iJ. li
Inir etnrliie n.1 in:u hmerv arperulty. Tli
As CAKL.IN, Alleniicnj, i'a. (Jan. 2.
4 lVt KI ISI Its l y
tic lru.
J KH II A .. 10Sj
vhii IfnrnthH x,irr civt or
ru! St.. v -i
try i.mpo:
A llV KKTI M N i iu A ujerlcaa Nuw.-pajivr.
loo
l'f l'amittitrt Kir.
jk. ijisiioi:,
534 GRANT STREET.
PlTTSBL Il'.H, Pa.
"Yl. JOHXsioiXuick, a. w. r.! l "
Johnston, Buck S: Co.
IC b e ii si ri ir, I3a.
o
Money Received on Depsit,
I. rAlil.t: OX lKMAIt.
; INTCHEST ALLOWED ON TIME I EFoHL?
COLLECTIONS MADE
AT A ACCK.-.MRLE hr1ST.-'.
DRAFTS on the rriurijt'il Citia
I!o uiclil D(I Sold and a
General Eaniici Business Ji-u
A. CCO US TS HO 1.1 CI li.it.
A. W. BUCK, Cashier.
K-er.i',.nrrf. Ann I 4. l-J.-tt.
Carriise Making ia all i:.s Bra1..!
Pa i n tin Trim n i in
BtiU KErAIKIx; of all kin':., ;
the SHOliTKSr NOTICE anil the I.'
I'KICK". Also, 1'IuiiitiK, Sawlt.! an 1 "A .
Inn witli Improved marLiutry. A:o. k
heavy work;Jcce. CamucV m.iL .-t.iij.;o
All parties trut:n me nn!j w.,rk- will ! c
ably dealt witb- All work narr.in; I.
h. y.. ;
Etensrmric. Oct? lcr -J4. m-.
Watches, Clocks,
JEYVEI.KV,
Silverware,' Musical Instrimiciits
o
Sole Aq;ent
S3'
-KOH
rut;
Celebrated Rcckfortl
WATCHKS.
Columbia and Frrdunia Watt-he
In Key and St.;iu Win.leis.
, ATiGE SELECTION nr MA. KIN
of JEWEL; V n!'iy mi he, !.
My line of .Ie
Come ami seo for y;
inc elswhere.
'i':rv 1" ll'IMlrj't-
ur-eif before lur 1
ALL WOKK (;rnASTRHl,,'-J
CARL R1VIXIU-
Ebrns'jur;, Xov. 11, lss.v-tf.
tine Tirtr rn
are i.tlr va taenia"
Hpnrtln and Tar.
- . .ri. r. i,.,wi,. ,i. Tbe --tv'b'
A U rn. lor-. rr..m . . , 1. . . .
tl.s.uu nu. !. ti,i t..r , , , ; '
- New
- P.- A -
HaVon, Conn
II
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tlia nni i'i',7-,
'"i mmf
- vn' - 'kO V ' -'' r'S .
.io.l aoiintt ;:t-r
TgtJ.rEgT. CT.i-y"t"3. Ivi y-5.K. -:' ;
HARf?!S R-KifcliV CO., Rr! Pth-
SOtIS K.Tt'tret,i?T.IX!rl" eJ.
R5 Trftl Of our Apphunoo. A or To
t :.
' undertaker.
AM) MANTTA1M T I:! -au.l
5ca!rr In :i!l k'c ! i'i 11 l'N
A lull line ol :i-k't h!wiv on
Bodies Embalmed
li fN I;
AS l
tullUUilV I V Ir-.rj.. I -'ir '- I". i.JU! 1 ' -
Ai: