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«rr HENEVER your vacation
rambles have taken you to
one of the northern states
> F ) of the country, you have
\V L) no doubt often been struck
by the sight of some un-
, —usually largo bowlders
Iperched on the top of a
< mountain, or resting, muy
wyl be, in such a nicely bal-
YV * anced position by the very
edge of the sea that a
dashing wave may rock it to and fro,
writes G. N. Collins in the National
Geographic Magazine.
Examine one of these bowlders
more closely and you will find sev
eral things to distinguish it from
otht-rs that you may have noticed in
other parts of the country. Should
the rock on which the bowlder lies be
bare of soil, it will often be found to
be of a different kind than that of
which the bowlder is composed. Thus
the bowlder itself may be of granite
|and rest on a surface of limestone,
Ishale or sandstone.
You will also often find this bare
; rock polished to a remarkable degree,
or marred by scratches, and even deep
grooves running in a more or less
parallel direction, known as glacial
•striae.
To understand how a block of gran-
Ite as large as a small cabin could b«
lodged on top of a mountain when
there Is no similar rock within a hun
dred miles or more, we must trace Its
history back to a time at least 200,000
years ago, when the geologic period
called the tertiary was drawing to ltß
close.
The first fact to attract our atten
tion, could we have taken a blrdseye
view of the northern part of our con
tinent at that time, would be Its great
er extent than at present. Looking
eastward we would see the shoreline
extending in places a hundred miles
beyond the shoreline of today, and In
v«'.n would we scan for the Islands,
bays and reaches that now lend such
enchantment to our picturesque coast.
Northward the land probably stretch
ed unbroken over the present arctic
archipelago, and connected on the
east by way of Greenland, Iceland and
the Scandinavian peninsula with Eu
rope anil on the west by closing of
Bering strait with Asia.
This circumstance had a very Impor
tant bearing on the fauna of that day,
as it enabled the animals from the one
continent to cross to the other. Ma
king a closer Inspection of the land-
Bcai>o beneath us. wo would be sur
prised at the total absence of the
smaller lakes that now are its most
characteristic feature. Even the great
lakes were missing, with the possible
exception oT Lake Superior, while In
the valleys In which these latter now
lie flowed rivers belonging to one
or more systems.
The mountain groups of today we
would recognlre at once, notwithstand
ing their somewhat more nigged out
line, and the same would be *rue in
the case of the rivers. While we
would see a number of them In
strange cour es, the master streams
•we would know at first glance For
millions of years these had been cut
ting their channels undisturbed, until
at the close of the tertiary a new Im
petus was imparted to them, owing 'o
the recent rise of land and the ever
lncri a-lug humidity of the climate.
So we would probably see thuni tur
bulent and fwolleii and the sldea of
their water courses often precipitous
stid d, overhung In places by
great ledges "i'd loose blocks readily
dislodged by the least for< e
The climate over the whole conti
nent was seuiltroplcal, or at least tem
perate, utid such plann as lh«> big and
gri at red W«"«l* of t dlfurnts grew as
far north as On • uland and Ireland.
And thic.wgh the almost < ndlees woods
of th* n> ith rt tin d hi ids of masto
don and other herbltrore of g-e*t sue,
together with such b<ants of prey as
the now • xtlrct saber toothed tiger.
Hut we t 1 ! d no •rum of man
Over thin strange slid litagltlfli eul
world <he If seept down so suddenly,
s> gcoluKi linn U i<>ko»ied, that
must of the ih'-n existing aitln aland
plant forms pushed south before Its
advain e. h,ul not tliuo enough to adapt
th« msi Iv• tto their new environment,
and theiel I. iMHau.. grnatly altered
or «iit ruiinalud
As yet theie has Veen no good re»
soil asetgiieiS fur a shange that la a
roO!|*ar<ii i< ly «hort litue transform-!
the teinltii'pl< al lln.a e Into that of
Ore- bland of ludajr l'tul#lily a • "Mi
ki nation of tlititiiuiiaiMiiii brought It
•MM It
Be that as It may, the fact remains
that over certain centers—one on the
east of Hudson bay, the Labradorlan;
another on the west of It, the Kee
watin, and a third in the Canadian
rockies, the Cordilleran—snow, grad
ually changing into Ice, accumulated
year after year in such Immense thick
nesses that finally, impelled by its
own weight, motion began, and three
giant glaciers crept out over the ad
jacent country. These finally joined
Into a continental ice mass that at Its
greatest extent covered two-thirds of
North America —an area of about
4,000,000 square miles.
While there may have been some
Advice to Aspirants
Suppose you become an English
peer and are naturally anxious to find
out exactly what personal rights and
privileges your new station gives, you
will have to give your secretary a
month or so to hunt through rows of
dust-covered volumes. And even then
you will not know one-half of them.
Lots of them are obsolete indeed.
They have not been repealed, how
ever, nnd, if you wish to take advan
tage of every privilege that your new
rank gives you you will find plenty of
opportunities.
If you are unfortunate enough to be
condemned to death, for Instance, you
can demand a noose of silk If you
are bald, and shy of displaying your
Infirmity, you are at liberty to k«-*p
on your hat u hen in a court of jus
tice, a privilege that not even the
prime minister enjoys except, of
course, when he happens to be a peer.
Every time puiilnnu nt reopens you
are allowed by royal charter, if your
way to the bonne leads through one of
the royal deer parks, to kill and. If
you wish It, carry away one or two
deer. When returning home you may
do the same again. There Is only one
condition. You must, win n entering
the park, give the royal foresters no
tice of your Intention by sounding
your hunting horn.
If a common* r so far forgets him
••If, for reasons of his own, as to
punch your h>-ad, you have the prlvl
leg- of hulling hlia before the crim
inal courts ns one guilty of the crime
of showing contempt for the whole
house of parliament And before he
leaves the Old llulley hew 111 fc< very,
very sorry If. on th«t oilier hand, It
Is you who so far forget yourself tta
to punch the commoner's head, he can
summont you. just as he would any
one else, at the police court, Hut If,
when you are there, you breathe out
threatening)) and »launhter against
him, and te|| him exactly what you
will do to him when you get lilin out
side, yuu can do so for as long a» you
plea**
The magistrate has no puvter to
bind »ou over to keep the |» ace, or
commit you fur contempt of cuurt uu*
of which things he wuuld certainly do
If your name did not appear on the
register of the bouse of lords
Hut these are nut the only advan
tages your tank glvts yuu la ib«
court* If you are turn > ra»4 In a
chain • t y case and have to appear in
the wtines* hoi. your »unl * mild If
you *tahs4 it.he taken aa equivalent
Mr another man * oath- If anyone
um« patkuuai «tui«noe to your woaih
CAMERON COUNTY PRESS, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 15, 1910.
difference in time at which the vari
ous ice centers reached their greatest
development, we will be very nearly
the truth In saying that from the
southern limit, shown on the map,
northward the Ice lay In one unbroken
expanse, with the exception of the so
called driftless area and possibly one
of the highest mountain peaks in the
east. It is calculated that its thick
ness at the two eastern centers must
have been something like 6,000 to 10,-
000 feet.
On its way from the north the ice
mass gathered to itself immense quan
tities of soil and loose rock which
were carried along with it. Occasion
ally huge blocks of rock from moun
tain slopes and stream bottoms were
clutched in the firm grip of the ice
and carted for hundreds of miles. Fre
quently the ice would lift great bowl
ders from the bottom of a valley to
the top of a mountain.
Presently the ice began to retreat
before a more congenial climate. It
was not at first, however, a steady re
treat, as not less than four times the
Ice again advanced after having al
most vanished, and each time it was
followed by animals and plants adapt
ed to the semtfrigld climate at its
edge. During one of these lnterglaclal
epochs man appeared upon the scene.
Hut as the ice melted and disap
peared the earth and rocks which it
carried were dumped, sometimes at
an even mantle, but more often in
hills and ridges.
man or your footman yeu can get
very heavy penalties against him in
the courts.
You cannot be arrested except for
an Indictable offense. For any offense
less serious you can, of course, be
summoned to appear. Rut the police
man is not allowed to use in your case
his usual efficient method of making
sure that people do actually appear.
If the offense is serious, however, you
• ■an be arrested in the ordinary way. j
Then you can claim to bo tried by a
Jury of your fellow peers.
If a society paper gossips about you
In a way you do not like, the proprie
tors are guilty of the crime of "scan
dalum mugnutuin," and you should
find it easy to make them regret that ,
ever they were born.
I,nstly, you need not buy stamps for
your letters unless you like. Peer*
are still entitled to use the old method
of "franking" letters. Hut your i
friends would not bless you when they
received letters with only your prl- ;
vate murk Instead of a stamp. The
postman would probably camp out on
the doorstep till he hnd that two
pence. Though the privilege of
"franking" still exists, theoretically,
for peers, the business-like postof
tlre would proL.ibly refuse to recog
nise It.- Stray Stories.
Csre of Children's Tseth.
The l.ancot, lit a strong plea for
butter cure of the teeth of Kugllsh chil
dren, which, It says, "Is u matter of
the first Importance to the country."
declares thai "tooth brush drill Is of
llttlo value when carried out during
school hours; to be of value It must
be carried out at the proper times, the
i t Important of ail being the last
thing before going to rest." This med
ical authority thinks, also, that "a well
organised crusade throughout the
country on the Importance of the teeth
and the technique of their proper care
would be followed In a generation by
an litiiueie e Improvement In (he health
of the nation, and from th« point of
view of the i-ooiOatuitt »efvtesa, by an
enormous decrease lit the percentage
of recruits rejected fur defective
te. I h "
Qsts 112 him Hunnlng.
Will the bllallieia Nieu of this t'ottl
tuuuily subsidise a Marathon meet?"
"How will a Marathon help the
busiM«>** taea V
"In man) ways The telegraph com
paii) ought to be Interested l.txik
I!.* It Will sllWiUlute tk« UltMMeUgei
boy Ik"
PROFITABLE TO RAISE
CALVES DURING WINTER
They Do Not Cost as Much as Those Born In the Springe
Owing to the Absence of Heat and Flies—
How They Are Mannered.
Calves dropped In the late fall and
the early part of winter can be raised
at less cost than calves dropped in
spring. Spring; calves do not receive
much benefit from grass the first sea
son, because for some six week 3 after
birth the ruminating stomach is unde
veloped; then, again, the summer heat
and the plague of flies are a serious
drawback to healthy growth. In the
fall and during the wiLter months, out
door work not being so pressing, more
time for feeding and caring for the
calves may be given. The calves bfing
fed mostly on milk and swill, mill feed
and oatmeal food, and kept In a warm,
well-lighted box stall and under the
management of a careful hand, will
make a strong growth throughout the
winter, and by April they will be large
Content.
enough to turn out to pasture and do
well on the dry rations of the following
winter. The fall calf, properly fed and
cared for, can be served when 16 to 18
months of age, coming fresh the latter
part of the second winter.
The calf should be left with the cow
for several days after birth, as the milk
of the cow, which is of a turbid, yel
lowish color, unfit for human food, but
having medicinal qualities, wisely de
signed by nature to free the bowels
and Intestines of the new-born animal
from the mucous, excrementatious
matter always existing In the stomach
of the calf after birth. This milk should
never be given to older calves, as It
would produce scours. For the first
few days give fresh, newly drawn milk
CARING FOR
FARM HORSES
By Observing: a Few Precautions
Furmer May Avoid Loss of
Time, Expense und In
jury to Animals.
(By H E. KINGMAN >
A horse cannot do satisfactory work
with shoulders that pain him every
time he takes a step. The horse may j
be looked upon as a machine that Is
< xpected to do so much work, and If
some of the mechanism is out of order
then the amount of work Is lessened,
liut, also, the animal must be looked
upon as a creature with feeling and
ambition, taking pride in Its worn, that
is a willing, obedient und therefore
valuable servant, und should be proper
ly cured for.
The tirst thing of importance to con-
Mder In the draught horse Is the col
lar. .Most of the injured shoulders are
the result of poorly lilting collars, and
the fault usually lies in a collar being
too large. It Is a good Idea to have a
harness maker fit the collars to your
horses lie may be able to remove
padding and in other ways make the
coilur over so lhat It will fit nicely.
Heavy collar pads are to be avoided If
possible. They :ire hot and cause the
shoulders to sweat; this keeps the pad
and shoulder wet, and the skin be
comes soft uiid blisters ea<ily. 1
Dirty collars are probably as respon
sible lor .-.ores hotildcrs as 111 titling
ones, in the spring especially, when i
thi< horse's hair Is long He is soft from
luck of wurk. and sweats profusely
'l itis tortus a gummy dirt that adheres
to the collar and mak ■, when dry, a
hard, tough surface the ordinary
farm hand feels tbut his duty Is done
li he herap< » the dirt fioui the collar
with the back of his Jaekknlfe. This
-(hod. However, I not all espoelgliy
;<.ud one lor the bather uf the collar,
iud a smooth surface Is not left A
lamp S|>o|ig< U»ed iu the evening a*
ioil as th>' collar In taken off will,
in ugs or two luiuuies, remove the .
dirt. This utay b-> followed by an oiled :
ag, if (hi-* ia> done th» collar In the
turning »hould lie suit and smooth
Careless driving jerking a horse out
>1 tks furrow and into It again, allow j
i»,; him to work with his head around
wit uue side, all '-ud to produce sore .
buuitl 'i <
(if rtnir •*. the Mist precaution to
uk>> U Out 'O > k a I lilt iu d" a full
• <*'ia ..Mil he barns ewwelhiftg
ui in. )*tb and > ■»»•■* to fret tb«
liuulU' r will iben giadualty
uugh- '• d It b • g"wl 'dug to a) ugg.
I 1
from the mother. Afterward give sweet
skimmilk, to which may be added a lit
tle boiled oilcake and second quality
wheat flour. Peed lukewarm twice a
day, about two quarts at each meal.
Give the calf the two fingers of the
right hand to suck up the milk at first.
The calf will soon learn to drink the
milk without the hand. Feed at regular
hours. After the milk has been drunk
put a little hay In the calf's mouth. A
little bright, sweet clover hay should
be tied in the pen every day. This will
teach the calf to eat. Have a clean
feed bucket. Disease and no end of
germs lurk in the seams of a dirty
bucket. A wooden bucket should not
be used unless scoured out daily. The
buckets should be washed, scalded and
set In the sun every day. The female
calves from the best cows should be
raised. It is well to raise a choice male
animal, to take the place of the head
bull when ho becomes too old or vi
cious. Dairymen having the pasture
and the forage should raise their cows,
Instead of buying them. Better milkers
may be had and at much less cost. The
labor cost of raising a calf should not
be counted, as the farmer should at
tend to this part of the business. He
has abundant time not only to rutee
the calves, but also to feed and help
milk. Unless the owner gives careful
attention to details he had better give
up the milk business. The calf pen
should be kept clean, given dry bed
ding and fully exposed to the sunshine
and well aired.
the shoulders with cold water—Just
plain cold water. Alum water has been
used to good advantage; also weak so
lutions of tannic acid. Alcohol tends
to toughen the skin.
The injuries to the top of the neck
very frequently terminate in fistulas,
withers, etc. A blister near the point
of the shoulder Is likely to become a
callous and form what is known as a
"cold abscess." 111-fitting collars and
poor drivers ure equally responsible
for a condition known us "sweeny."
TRUCK FARMING
WITH DAIRY
Difficult to Conceive of More Pro
fituble Type of Agriculture
Thun Judicious Hlvnd
injr of Two.
(By \V. St. KKI-LT.)
Tin* t reek furm* r who is farming
without manure maintains the supply
of nitrogen in his soli by the use of
legumes and buys a fi rtillgt-r rich
Iu phosphoric ucld und potash, in
this way he secures a better balanced
fertilizer than the dairyman who useg
manure rich in nitrogen and deficient
In the mineral elements on clover sod
thai is already rich In nitrogen.
Now as nitrogen is the most exfien
sii e element of f< rtilliy we can read*
tly ». e how much more profitable It
would be for the dairy farmer to
lengthen his rotation one year and
grow uue highly organised market
crop that would sell for more thuji
enough to pay for the purchased
m tlit voodg required to feed the
dairy cows.
Iu this way he would he making
better use of the surplus of nitrogen
and the purchase of a small amouut
of mineral fertiliser* would enable
him to greatly Increase the >|eld of
' overy i rop grown In the rotation that
is followed In growing food for hla
cattle
I believe (list we should try and In
corporate sollto of the methods of
soil handling practised by the truck
-•rand tua/ket crop grower into the
ii..Uiageni««t of uur dairy business It
w. suet- ed In deriving from It ihg
'art- it and iuo»t certain profits.
It is dlfteuit to conceits of g more
rotttablu t>p« of farming than a |u
lb lot s bu tiding of dairy farming
| oel insrki t crop growing, but In order
<u successfully runiblne these two
t>pe» Of i u uliur> we must tkuelus
,1 iud unprofitable i • (hoJ> uf
«tr- <ug gi-d ge> right down to a
1% tit t* » [.ilu. i|' »» el soil (sitti
i U*<
Getting a Supply.
"What did you do 'bout dat man
who was standin' on de curbstone
callin' you names?" asked .Vli-a. Miami
Brown.
"I th'owed a lump o' roal at 'lm," re
plied .Mr. Erastus Pinkley.
"What did he do?"
"He stayed right dar, hopin' I'd
make It a bucketful."
TRY MURINE EYE REMEDY
for Red, Weak, Weary, Watery Eyes
andOranulated Eyelids. Murine Doesn't
Smart —Soothes Eye Pain. Druggists
Sell Murine Eye Remedy, Liquid, 25c,
60c, SI.OO. Murine Eye Salve In
Aseptic Tubes, 25c, ST.OO. Eye Book!
and Eye Advice Free by Mail.
Marine Eye Remedy Co., Chicago.
Some men marry for money and
some women for alimony.
DTra. Wln»lo<w-a hoothinjr itymp,
For children teething. softens tbo gums, reduces In-
Ikuiiiial inn iLI i»y s im.l n, mirlTi-UdCOliC. ZjCU UoUi*
A true friend la a link of gold In
the chain of life.
WANTS HER
LETTER
PUBLISHED
For Benefit of Women who
Suffer from Female Ills
Minneapolis, Min..—" I was a great
sufferer from female troubles which
'HUiP!!'!!' caused a weakness
and broken down
: condition of the
/ffy system. I read so
Mg tB, much of wbatLvdia
ifiM E. Pinkham's Veg.
" 1 s CuJ IIP etable Compound
, , 'V K bad done for other
112• (C suffering women I
felt sure it would
;i' help me, and I must
xWi>si Bay it did help ma
A \ T wonderfully. Mj
'' ' \ * > I • pains all left me, 1
Few stronger,and within three monthi
was a perfectly well woman.
"I want this letter made public to
show the benefit women may derive
from Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable
Compound."—Mrs. Joeln O. Mold aw,
2115 Second St., North, Minneapolis,
Minn.
Thousands of unsolicited and genu,
ine testimonials like the aboTe prove
the efficiency of Lydia E. Pinknam'e
"Vegetable Compound, which is mada
exclusively from roots and herbs.
Women who suffer from those dls.
tressing ills peculiar to their sex should
not lose sight of these facts or doubt
the ability of Lydia E. Pinkham's
Vegetable Compound to restore theix
health.
If you want special advice write
to Mrs. Plnkham, at Lynn, Mass*
She will treatyonrletterasstrlctly
confidential. For 20 years she
has been helping sick women In
this way, free or charge. I>on't
hesitate—write at once.
Why Rent a Farm
and be compelled to pay to your landlord most
of your hard-earned profits? Own your own
Secure a Free Homestead In
anitoba, Saskatchewan or
Alberta, or purchass
land In of thess
C b I districts and bank a
I I profit of SIO.OO or
R I $12.00 an acre
A I • v * r y year.
J Land purchased 9
■ 4 A years ago at SIO.OO an
i \|f K acre has recently
» A I 'Ufl changed hands at
cr °p ft * rown on *^ e,e
| av 4 # warrant
advance. Y* can
feS Become Rich
w ttV'Ww dairy! ng.mlxed
farming and grain irowlnc In
V* the provinces of MntilloDa,
- A .SatkalihpHtin and Alberta.
r ifl l>« « home %teud and pre
empf lon areas, as well ss land
held by railway and land com- I
s ./ provide buiucf
1 '4 .1* * Adaptable soli, healthful
i chinnle, splendid schools
L ygT;r v 'V and churrhea.tfotid railv%aya.
/ in. riuturl'*»t"l'i.Vt Wi-Vt'^bow
OWJf-+
, a- JL M.-ii.aim, writ, to fiup tof linn.l
cT> JftfcC?
jT. Csntalitui Uuisrotutiui Agunt,
UVKM WIVIMMM ifcCT
r/ tote. l«Wt. All
-*aipr , ((?M n»kr.ri TU«,) II
For Headaches
Caused by sick stomach, ill
rcgulated bile, sluggish bowels,
nervous strain or overwork,
the safest and surest remedy is
BEECHAM'S
PILLS
Swid Evarivbsrs. In Uses 10a. a»4 tßn.
A OTUU A CUWIO TiITAT CUMB
AO I nlflA
fmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmrnmmm «n s)>iaiH»Mt»,
V* <i( ua»t>4ahi •»» (>*•! I a
g FREEJESf TRaTitl)|
HAMM WHetit'l.M.'ti',
U..1 4, i UuilJl.,, « ki. .«*
PITENT
its Ut* atUse*.- t «M*U *#«*
PATENTS
4JOM* M Mill' • •#« kN 11, ft It llk
L* U i»|f*.isl«i I w I'Mtb. I*«*
\?isa'B\
. 1 Co> - p| 112