2
CAMERON COUNTY PRESS.
H. H. MULLIN, Editor.
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Electric Age.
Just as the nineteenth century was
the age of steel, the twentieth cen
tury, in its beginning at least, is the
age £»f electricity, and electricity de
mands copper in ever increasing quan
tities. For the last six decades of the
nineteenth century the production of
the leading metals increased at tho
rate of almost exactly Kix and one
half per cent.., compounded yearly, but
In the last decade of the century cop
per left the other metals behind, and
for 15 years past the average ratio of
increase in copper production has
been eight per cent., compounded
yearly. This difference of only one
and a half per cent., in the ratio of
yearly increase, may seem small, but
like the fable of the horse's shoes, for
which the first nail brought a penny
and each nail thereafter was doubled
in price, the cumulative results are
surprising, and at the end of 15 years
have run into hundreds of millions of
dollars. With electricity finding new
uses daily and with a rapid extension
of electric energy for power, traction
and many other employments, there is
small hope, declares Copper Hand
book, that the poor old world will be
able to curtail its copper bill to any
important extent, and every reason
to believe that the world's copper, ten
years hence, will cost considerably
more than the world's iron and steel
cost ten years ago.
The common custom of that part
of the world which calls itself civil
ized is to seclude its choicest art prod
ucts in museums and galleries, where
they are seen only by the small pro
portion of people willing togo out
of their way and to spend time and
money in visiting them. Japan and
some other countries, which, accord
ing to prevailing Anglo-Saxon ideas,
have not yet fully emerged from a
state of barbarism, have made art a
part of the common life, so that even
the humblest citizen is familiar with
beautiful handwork. It has occurred
to some leaders of thought in Den
mark that acquaintance with artistic
achievements should belong to the
general education, and to that end
a plan is being developed for display
ing the work of Danish railroad sta
tions. If the scheme materializes it
will be interesting to watch results.
At least the public will learn to know
what artists are doing, and if it is
really true that art, hung on the walls,
is educative and uplifting, then peo
ple, will derive a benefit they do not
get from museums.
Berlin has recently been astonished
by the appearance of messenger boys
in the American style, to take the
place in some respects of the red
capped Dienstmanner who have so
long done the errands of that city. At
a loss for a word to <' -.cribe these
new arrivals, the Berlin public has
had to use the English words, after
trying all sorts of substitutes, such
as Eilbuben (Hurry-boys)—which
plainly does not apply; and Berliner
Blitzhasen (lightning hares) —obvious-
ly sarcastic. Hut "Messenger boys''
is a pretty hard combination for the
Beriiners to master, and it is rapid
ly becoming .Messing-boys, which, lit
erally translated, means "boys of
brass"—by no means an ill-fitting
designation if the Berlin youngsters,
are like their New York confreres.
At first the general public mistook
them for English naval cadets or a
new division of the Salvation Army.
IC'iiv their mission is recognized, and
so far as the experiment has gone,
thoy bid fair to become a permanent
institution.
Perhaps the thread trust craftily
put out the story that the price of
cotton was *<i be advanced to ten
cents a spool so (hat the public could
feel so relieved when it was denied
as to forget all about the advance
lrom five to six cents at retail.
A woman in London, Eng., has been
sent to prison for five years for ob
taining money under false pretenses.
She represented herself to be a sister
of J. Pierpont Morgan. One touch of
nature doesn't always make the whole
world kin.
WITH OPEN TARIFF
HOW EMPLOYERS MIGHT DEAL
WITH TRADE UNIONISM.
Instead of Raising Millions with
Which to Fight Organized Labor
the Manufacturers Might Spend
Their Money in Breaking Down
Tariff Protection.
It would seem that zeal for the open
shop on the part of the National Asso
ciation of Manufacturers has subsided
in favor of zeal for the open tariff.
At least one would infer as much
from the strenuous propaganda lately
inaugurated for an all-round overhaul
ing of the tariff schedules. At the
recent annual meeting of the associa
tion declaration was made for tariff
revision at the earliest practicable
moment and also for a general system
of trade treaties involving a still
further reduction of tariff duties.
Perhaps the impression prevails
among some of the wage payers of
the association that the quickest way
to get the open shop is through the
tariff. Probably they are right. Than
wage reduction because of tariff re
duction nothing is more certain to
break the ranks of trades unionism.
When prices of commodities have
been forced downward by the larger
inflow of competitive goods from
abroad that must follow lower tariff
duties wages must also go down.
When lack of employment come a as a
consequence of allowing foreigners to
do a larger portion of the work that
Americans have been doing, and
when three men are looking for two
men's jobs, instead of two men being
hard to get for three men's jobs, the
open shop problem will have solved
itself. Men do not strike for higher
wages or shorter honrs when work is
scarce; only when work is plenty.
Open the tariff gates and you will
have the open shop. There will then
be no need of the million-dollar fund
with which to fight trades unionism.
Indeed, there is a better way to pro
duce the desired resi.it,: Use the
million-dollar fund to tight tariff pro
tection.
The impression that the National
Association of Manufacturers is domi
nated by forces which care more for
an open tariff than for an open shop,
and would rather fight labor by in
creasing competitive imports than cul
tivate amicable relations with wage
earners by upholding the tariff protec
tion. which alone can inaure both em
ployment and wages at high water
mark, is strengthened by the views ex
pressed in a recent interview in the
New York Herald, by H. E. Miles,
chairman of tho committee on tariff
and reciprocity of the National As
sociation of Manufacturers, also a
member of the committee on resolu
tions, and, presumably, author of the
tariff ripping and reciprocity declara
tion already alluded to. In this inter
view Mr. Miles expresses a desire for
downward tariff revision at the earli
est practicable moment. He wants
the tariff torn open at the next win
ter's session of congress.
"The inequalities of the tariff sched
ules now operative are unnecessarily,
needlessly, improperly taking, by gov
ernmental sanction, hundreds of mil
lions of dollars from the many and
adding them to the fortunes that the
president is watching with alarm."
This is the way Mr. Miles puts the
case It is only another way of saying
thai "protection Is robbery." Mr. Miles
might safely be trusted to write the
tariff plank of the next Democratic
platform. Too many people are doing
too well; therefore, let us see to it
that opportunities for doing well are
without delay circumscribed. Tariff re
duction will do the trick. Let us have
tariff reduction forthwith. Thus Mr.
Miles, as we read him.
That Chairman Miles of the tariff
and reciprocity committee correctly
represents the views and purposes of
the forces that are permitted to con
trol the acts and deliverances of the
National Association of Manufactur
ers on the tariff question we do not
for a moment dispute. For a long
time past the fact that half-way pro
tectionists and all-the-way free trad
ers held the reins in that organization
has been increasingly apparent. Just
now the association is being very ex
tensively quoted and most flatteringly
commended in the free trade news
papers. That tariff ripping and reci
procity resolution of last May has
made a great hit in this direction.
But we do not believe that anywhere
near one-half —probably not one-third
of the association's membership sub
scribe to the views of the Miles fac
tion. I hey have been led by the nose
to voting tho approval of that whioh
they had not looked into and did not
rightly comprehend. We believe that
a large majority of the manufacturers
In the association are protectionists,
but not of the Miles type. Perhaps
the day is coming when this fact will
be made more evident. Digging one's
own grave is not a permanently cheer
ful occupation.
Keep the Money at Home.
If there was no more protection for
American manufactures than there is
for American ships, it would not be
three years until the per capita of
money in the I'nited States would be
reduced from $34 <_o less than half
that, sum, and the army of tramps
that would be wandering aimlessly
like beasts of prey, about the country,
would be bigger than the host that
Xeacs started with in the hope of
making the conquest of Hellas. The
country that keeps its money at home
is the country that rules the world.--
Salt Luke City Telegram.
CAMERON COU.NTV PRESS, THURSQAV, SEPTEMBER 5, ml-
IN CONFLICT WITH LAW.
Strong Proof That German Tariff
Agreement Is Illegal.
Illegality is the strongest count in
the indictment, framed in the protest
of the American Protective Tariff
league against the German tariff agree
ment. Authority is not lacking in
support of the contention that the
"export price" provision of that agree
ment is in direct conflict with a law of
congress which points out the pro
cedure by which the basis of dutiable
value must be ascertained. Actual
market value in the country from
whence the goods are exported is the
basis established by congress; not an
"export price" nor the value named
by a local chamber of commerce.
In the American Economist is print
ed in full the decision of the United
States circuit court of appeals, ren
dered March 2fi, 1007, In which the
court holds, after quoting section 19,
of the customs administrative act,
that the duty of the collector is plain;
he must assess tariff duties upon the
ascertained actual market value in
the country from whence the mer
chandise was exported. Says the
court:
"The rule thus fixed by statute is
plain and simple, binding alike on im
porter and collector. Neither may
vary nor evade it. Neither may appeal
to other criteria of value."
Referring again to the binding force
of the law enacted by congress, tho
court said:
"By the express command of thf>
Btatute the collector wm prohibited
from considering an.i thing but the
actual market value of the wool in
the principal markets of Turkey.
Having ascertained that value, he
should have levied duty accordingly."
Nothing could be plainer than this.
Not an "export price" shaved down for
purposes of tariff evasion; not a valu
ation named by a local chamber of
commerce composed of the men most
interested in tariff evasion; but "the
actual value of the merchandise as
bought and sold In usual wholesale
quantities"—that is the rule "fixed
by statute," which neither a collector
of customs nor a secretary of state,
a secretary of the treasury, nor a
president himself can set aside or dis
regard.
Under the decision of the United
States circuit court of appeals the
duty of congress is plain. Both houses
should, without regard to party lines,
unite in a joint resolution demanding
the abrogation of a tariff trade agree
ment that is clearly illegal.—Ameri
can Economist.
WOULDCLIPTHE EAGLE'S WINGS.
The Tariff Tinker (Never Sleeps.
The tariff tinker i;; one of the most,
unique of modern freaks. In promot
ing his favorite scheme for the un
balancing of business equilibrium li«
never sleeps. He is the festering sore
and the intermittent fever that afflicts
struggling enterprises and he yields
only to heroic remedies.
It is undoubtedly true that the tar
iff could never be adjusted to suit
everybody. Probably each and every
one of the 500 manufacturers who as
sembled in New York recently could
suggest a tariff that would benefit
his particular business.
But how about the thousands of
workingmen. manufacturers and mer
chants whose interests would not be
considered in the revision?
No matter who demands free trade
or its substitute, tariff "revision,"
there is no question that under pres
ent schedules the nation is enjoying
a period of greatest prosperity iu its
history.
Why not leave well enough alone?
—Scranton Tribune.
Tariff and Trusts.
Morgan J. O'Brien, a former justice
of the New York supreme court, tells
the Democratic party that it "should
get back to Cleveland's platform,
which was tariff reform." To his mind
"the evils of trusts have been wrought
through unfair tariffs." The very day
on which these momentous things
were being delivered in London for
American consumption announcement
was made of the formation in free
trade Great Britain of the Universal
Steel Trust, designed to regulate and
control the production and distribution
of steel throughout the entire world!
The United States is to cure trust
evils through free trade. How, then,
is Great Britain to cure her trust
evils? Through a return to protec
tion? . Morgan J. O'Brien is talking
through his hat. Protection lias not
produced the trusts, and free trade
cannot eradicate them. That is the
view of President Koosevelt—or was,
not long ago. It is the view of all
Drotectionists. And It Is the truth.
A BRIDGE FALLS;
EIGHTY MEN DROWN
HUGE STRUCTURE FELL INTO
THE ST. LAWRENCE RIVER.
FIVE MILES FROM QUEBEC.
Ninety Men Were at Work on the
Bridge When Without a Moment's
Warning It Dropped Into the
Weter Below.
Quebec, Que. —A section of the
new bridge across the St. Law
rence river five miles below this city
collapsed late Thursday, carrying
scores of bridge workers and mechan
ics into the water. It is estimated
that the loss of life is at leasft CO and
may exceed that number by 20. The
bridge was about a mile and a half in
length and half of it, from the south
shore to midstream, crumpled up and
dropped int!) the water.
Ninety men were at work on this
section of the structure and the whis
tle had just sounded at f>:3o for the
men to quit work for the day when
there came a grinding sound from the
bridge midstream. The men tinned
tr> see what had happened and an In
stant. later the cry went up "The
biid je i:; falling." The men made a
rush shoreward, but the distance was
too great for tliem to escape. i'lie
fallen sectioii ji tho bridge I ragged
other sections after it.the snapping
girders and cables booming like a
crash of artillery.
The steamer Glenmont had just
cleared the bridge when the first sec
tion fell. The water thrown up by
the debris came clear over the bridge
of the steamer. The captain at once
lowered boats. The small boats plied
backward and forward over the
sunken wreckage for half an hour, but
there was no sign of life. The twisted
iron and steel held its victims in a ter
rible death grip. A few floating tim
bers and the broken strands of the
br!d»;e toward the north shore were
the only signs that anything unusual
had happened. There was not. a rip
ple cn the smooth surface of the St.
Lawrence as it swept along toward
the (liiif.
All the men drowned were em
ploye., of the Phoenix Hridge Co. and
subcontractors of Quebec and Mon
treal.
'I he southern extension of the bridge
which collapsed was rapidly nearing
the xenith of tho immense steel arch
which was to span the river. For 800
feet from the shore the massive steel
structure reared ail arch with no sui>-
ports save the piers from the shore
and one pier iu the river about 150
feet from the shore, while the out
ward extremity was ISO feet above the
water.
The end of the half arch bent down
a trifle and a moment later the whole
enormous fabric began to give way,
slowly at first, then with a terrific
crash which was plainly heard in Que
bec. and which shook the whole coun
tryside ho that tne residents rushed
out of their houses, thinking that an
earthquake had occurred.
Of the 92 men working on the
bridge eight so far have been recov
ered. Of the other 84, 16 have been
taken from the water dead and it is
feared that the great majority of the
others have been either drowned or
crushed by the falling girders.
The bridge was begun about seven
years ago and ii was to be finished in
1009. Subsidies had been granted by
the federal and provincial govern
ments and the city of Quebec, and the
estimated cost of the work was SlO,-
000,000.
The Phoenix Bridge Co., of Phoenix
ville, Pa., had the contract for the
construction of the bridge, and its
men were working from both sides of
the river.
Montreal. The Quebec bridge
was remarkable In that it was
to be the longest single span canti
lever bridge in the world, the length
of the span in the center being 1,800
feet, or 200 feet longer than that of
the Firth bridge, at present the
world's longest single bridge spau.
RUNYAN WAS A FORGER.
Defaulting Teller of a New York Bank
Teils of Crimes He Committed Be
fore Making Big Grab.
New York. —Chester E. Runyan,
the defaulting teller of the
Windsor Trust Co., had known Laura
M. Carter only two weeks and had
been in her company less than 12
hours altogether when he gave her
$15,000, according to his testimony
Thursday at the trial of Mrs. Carter.
Mrs. Carter is charged with having
received money which she knew to
have been stolen. Runyan, the de
faulter. was the principal witness
against her.
Although he had previously testified
that she bad suggested to him that he
get all the money he could from the
trust company, he admitted under
cross-examination that, he had com
mitted several forgeries in April and
May. This was before he met Mrs.
Carter and he said she did not suggest
them to him.
The Plague Appears in Frisco.
Washington, D. C. —Advices re
ceived by the marine hospital service
at Washington show that from August
12 u]) to Thursday there have been
nine cases of plague at San Francisco
and six deaths. Two of the cases
were sailors from coasting vessels.
Fire Destroys Courier Journal Building
Louisville, Ky.—The building of
the Courier . Journal and Even
ing Times was destroyed by fire early
this morning. The building was five
stories in height. All the employes
jscaped. Loss $200,000.
AN OFFER TO MEDIATE
IT IS MADE TO FIVE CENTRAL
AMERICAN REPUBLICS.
Preeidents Roosevelt and Diaz Ask
the Little Nations to Hold a
Peace Conference.
Washington, D. C. President
Rooaevelt and President Diaz simul
taneously have telegraphed notes to
the presidents of the five republics of
Central America offering the good of
fices of the United States and Mexico
in bringing about a conference of the
republics for a discussion of plans to
maintain peace. The announcement
that this action had been taken was
made Wednesday by Acting Secretary
Adee, of the state department. It
was stated also that the notes would
not be made public here until they
had been received by the Central
American states and probably not un
til replies had been received. The ex
act time of sending the notes was not
made known, but it iu possible that re
plies from some of the countries al
ready have reached Washington and
it is believed that all will be here
within 24 hours.
Mr. Adee on Wednesday received
Minister Godoy, charge d'affaires of
the Mexican embassy, and they con
ferred concerning the steps ta.ken
looking to the settlement of Central
American disputes and ending the al
rnoet incessant warfare between the
republics. Neither would admit that
the Central American republics had
been invited fc> hold the conference at
Washington, but iseuor Corea, the
Nlcaraguan minister, is authority for
the statement that such au invitation
soon will be extended. In fact, he
telegraphed President Zelaye to that
effect.
In diplomatic circles here it is said
that none of the republics cau afford
to decline to accept the proffers of
mediation made by the United States
and Mexico and that this means that
permanent peace practically is as
sured.
FOUR KILLED AT A CROSSING.
Trolley Car and Automobile Collided,
Wrecking the Smaller Vehicle.
Rochester, N. Y. Dr. George
Waldron, a physician of Roch
ester; Mrs. Catherine Farnsworth, of
Rochester, and Mrs. William Scand
ling and Mrs. Jane Hobbs, both of
Hopewell, were instantly killed Wed
nesday afternoon in a collision be
tween an automobile in w r hich they
were driving and a Rochester & East
ern trolley car, near Canandaigua.
Dr. Waldron went to Hopewell in
the morning with his daughter to visit
at the home of William Scandling and
had taken the three women, all of
whom were more than 65 years of
age, for an automobile ride. They
were on their way to the Freshour
crossing to meet another friend of
the Scandling family.
Witnesses of the accident say that
as the machine approached the trolley
tracks it was seen by the motormau.
According to them the motorman
made a signal and Dr. Waldron slowed
up. Then, apparently thinking that
he could cross before the car reached
him, he started on again. It is thought
that the automobile did not respond
readily to the levers. It was caught
on the tracks and the occupants
thrown out with great force. The
bodies were frightfully crushed.
Cash Dividends Deferred Ten Years.
New York. Payment in cash
of dividends on the preferred
stock of the Erie Railroad Co. was de
ferred for ten years by the action of
the board of directors of that company
Wednesday. The directors voted to
declare a semi-annual dividend of 2
per cent, on the first preferred stock
and an annual dividend of 4 per cent,
on the second preferred stock, both divi
dends to be payable in 1917. They an
nounced that application will be made
to the public service commission of
New York to issue dividend warrants
to stockholders in the meantime. The
warrants will bear interest at 4 per
cent.
Lion's Victim Dies.
Pittsburg. lnvestigations started
by the police department and
the (*jroner of Allegheny county into
the death of Mrs. Anna A. Huske, 64
years old, who was terribly injured by
an escaped lion at Luna Park Tues
day, resulted in the arrest Wednesday
of Clarence Chappelle, 19 years old,
who has been committed to jail as a
witness to "murder." Chappelle is
the young man who cleaned the cage
which the lion usually occupied.
"°C. G.SCHMIDT'S/ —
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