POLITICAL LEADERS The Men Who Dominate In the Sen ate and House. REPUBLICANS AND DEMOCRATS l*er>iniinl flinrni'terhllrs of C'onKrenn uimi \Vlllluhim and tviiutom Aid rich anil Unrmiui—Hotv Tliej" Hole Their I'artlea. Washington.—John Sharpe Williams the most efficient ||f:jijjJ !||l I 111 I,j 111 leader the demo j ! jj! crats in the house t have had since the / MsKsfl days of Crisp. In Wi ' Fome respects he is I & Muliwr better than Crisp, Us ' or '' an keep \villl^h 1 (•.mliv< iil Hon. John Sharpe the opposition. He Williams j a a h ou t as well liked on the republican side of the house as he is among his own party followers. Williams and Speaker Cannon have become decidedly chummy. Williams appreciates the courtesy shown him when Cannon permitted liini to pick out. the democratic members of the committees and he doesn't hesitate to show his gratitude on all occasions when a matter of party advan tage is not at stake—and there are plenty of opportunities during a session when the legitimate business of the house can be impeded or expedited ac cording as the rival leaders are in a mood of mutual gocd fellowship or not. Both Williams and Cannon have an abounding sense of humor. When they are together they call each other "John" and "Joe ' and they crack jokes and tell stories with as much gusto as if they had never had a political dif ference in their lives. The democratic leader likes nothing better than to stroll into the speaker's room and go over the points. But when he gets on the floor in debate he is as spunky as a game cock and nobody would ever imagine that he had a republican friend in the world. There is nobody in the house who can tear passion to tatters more effectively. Aii Olil-Tiine r for a time a judge Springsr in the Indian terri tory. Of late years he has been a law yer here in Washington, scarcely more than a memory of the robust congress man who contested the nomination for the speakership with Crisp and Mills, and who afterwards stirred the economies with his famous series of pop-gun tariff bills carrying out the democratic scheme to revise the tariff one item at a time. Personally, Springer was a lovable man, without even a remote sense ol" humor. Probably it was the latur fail ing that made him one of Tom Reed's pet aversions when the great speaker was the leader of the republicans in the house. Two of Reed's most famous shafts were thrown at Springer. One was in a debate while Reed was still holding a secondary rank in the house. Spring er, who was a rather ponderous speak er, had made the remark that he would rather be right than be president. Reed, standing in the middle aisle, drawled back: "The gentleman need not be alarmed. He will never be either." The other was a conversational quip: "Springer never opens his mouth that he doesn't subtract from the sum of human knowledge." It is not to be wondered at that there should not have been any great sym pathy between two men of such widely opposed temperaments. It was large ly a matter of taste with each of them, and concerning ta3te there is no U3e in arguing. Lendpmhlp of (lie The leadership of Senator Aldrich 'n the senate has been pretty completely d em oust rale u recent years, but "ever more thor . U oughly than dur- H?A jjgp ing the extraoriii ■ '"H ,lary sessi ° n just closed. The repub- I I yjfßl lic a n majority \\ / were altogether in J Aldrich's hands. >v *3 / What he suggested jfc. i ' ey c ani'some y " times they did it S.naior Aldric.i without, putting him even to the trouble of suggesting it. He was one who made the arrange ment with the democratic minority by which the business of the extraordinary session was brought to a close and an agreement made by unanimous consent to vote on the Cuban reciprocity bill on ' the 16th of December. In fact, he was the only man on the republican side who understood ex actly what the terms of the arrange ment were, a circumstance which led to a somewhat embarrassing Incident one afternoon in executive session. Senator Lodge tried to bring up a mat ter which was of no particular conse quence, but which as it happened did not relate to the Cuban situation. Sen ator Gorman promptly objected. He said it was contrary to the agreement between the two sides of the chamber. The republicans who were present pro tested. They had never heard of any j such agreement which would put It out ! of their power to do business of any j kind. But Gorman was insistent. And when they pressed him for an explana tion, he gave one. He said Senator Al drich had promised him that if the dem ocrats would consent to the vote on the • Kith of December, nothing whatever j would be done in the meantime during the extraordinary session except to dis- 1 cuss Cuban reciprocity. Aldrich had ; left the city without telling anybody on his own side of the chamber about what he had done, but they accepted Gor man's statement, and that was the end of it. Gorman n* n I,cmlrr, Gorman, on the democratic side, occu pies just about the same kind of posi tion that. Aidrich w 0( cupies on the re publican .side of the ~ - ; chamber. It may " CgsSs>£ bo that he hasn't W fcffijjKL - quite the same de- j - gree of control of 1/ tlic machinery; but whatever he says y3^jSKpfc—;l goes, despite ru mors to the con- trary. He is the \ 1/ \ man to do business with, and when he makes a promise ■ as to what the dem- Senator Gorman ocrats will do, they feel morally bound to do it. That is what Uncle Joe Cannon calls legislation by unanimous consent, and, of course, it is a very reprehensible way of doing business. But it is likely to continue just as long as the present senate rules live, which, according to present appearances, will be to the end of time. Gorman and Aldrich are very much the same type of men. They are first of all business men. They understand the currents of trade and appreciate the effect of legislation on commercial in- t terests. They are organizers pud 3'elt har<"t>r» of 1 hey can read char acter and they can keep their own coun sel. They understand weaknesses in others to which they can appeal. They are always in the game. Gorman is more of a public speaker than Aldrich. He is not an orator in any way, but he has a faculty of aggressive ness in debate which Aldrich has never shown. Aldrich when he talks uses a conversational tone, and goes about it as if he were explaining something before the board of directors of a rail road. Gorman is never exactly conver sational. There is always some little touch of mystery in everything he says, and his face is jesuitical in its inscruta bility. Aldrich, on the other hand, is seemingly the most frank and confiding of men. One wonders how it can be that this smiling, easy-going, compan ionable fellow can have so many tricka up his sleeve. Vow liailroutl Station. The ways are cleared already for the great Union station, which is to be corn pleted for the 4tli of March, 1905, and which will be when completed the I • - kind in the world. H 1)!l 1 —• By contrast with e dressing rooms with baths ■ and a Turkish bath and swimming pool. The entire cost of the station with ap proaches will be $14,000,000, of which the government pays $3,000,000. LOUIS A. COOLIDGE. On Graven of MnlriciiM. The grave of an unmarried woman in Turkey is often indicated by a rose carved in stone. CAMERON COUNTY PRESS, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 24, 1903. GERMANS CHALLENGE i ; They Are Invading South American Countries in Large Numbers. ' Emperor William Approve! of Thelf I UOIIIK, and Ma y In Time Dispute the Monroe Doctrine with U»—lutcreatluK Flgurea. The tide of German emigration to South America flows steadily, increas ! ingiy, and the kaiser warmly encour ; ages his people in this movement. Apro pos of which, a careful student of inter | national politics declaurfes that the Ger man emperor is building up his navy for the very purpose of some day trying j issue with the United States as to that i well-known Monroe doctrine of ours, i The same writer says it is common I taLk in official circles that the emperor fully realizes the richest and most easily i accessible field for German energy and ; emigration lies .in this vast and little j exploited region. Germany needs mar kets and she proceeds to make them where she can; and South America is one of the richest countries in the world; j a country not already preempted by { some enterprising one of the great na- I tions, and its wonderful waterways make , the interior accessible. The Amazon for 6,000 miles is traverslble, the La Platte for 4,000 miles, the Orinoco for 1,000 miles, and lesser streams are navigable for considerable distances. That this great, marvellously rich land has lain so long undeveloped is attributable to two causes; the unstable nature of South American governments; and that shadowy but persistent Monroe doctrine which warns "hands off." Hut the bold ; kaiser says; "Who's afraid?" and en ters in. i It would look as though the United States were thoroughly alive to the fact that the Germans are invading this long jealously-guarded tropical America, for some time ago all the American consuls ' were requested to furnish fullest in formation in regard to German coloniza tion in South America. And when one glances at a map of the different dis tricts where the German has obtained a strong foothold, one does not wonder oui government is somewhat concerned with this feature of German expansion. In Brazil alone there are said to be ! more than 400,000 German -.'csiuents. In the province of Rio Grande there are over a quarter of a jrUy.jn Germans— almost 30 percent, of the population; in Santu Ctuherina over 60,000 —practically i\ percent.; in two towns Germans form 80 per cent, of the population; then there are six German settlements where the "V stj 3H Vi % **Az, u \ \V \ <"«<■>. // TC J'J r ) **" s «.• Hue. J (j; MAP SHOWING D2NSITY OF POPULATION IN SOUTH AMERICAN COUNTRIES number of Germans range from 95 to SO per cent, of the whole number of in habitants. In the Argentine Republic many Germans have found homes to their liking, and quite a number in Chili. It is estimated that more than $150,000,- 000 of German capital is already in vested in Brazil. In Central as well as South America Germany has large com mercial interests, and as some of the Central American states are now offer i ing special inducements to desirable immigrants, probably the Germans tre long will endeavor to make for them selves homes there. But it will take Lat in-America some time to rival our coun try in the number of its German-Amer icans, reefnt statistics showing that nearly 90 per cent, of the German emi grants still goto the United States, and less thna live per cent, to Brazil, Argen tine and the other American countries. Germany needs new fields not only be cause of her demand for markets, but because she has a population that is in ci\ asing beyond all capacity of the home land to maintain it. At present she is sending out more colonists than any nther country in the world save Great Britian. According to Mr. Poultney Bigelow, the notable feature of this, move i ment is that the German as a colonist prefers almost any Hag to his own. If this be true, then the Germans may be willing to abide by the governments that obtain in the various South American 1 districts in which they have settled, and our old friend, the Monroe doctrine , may ! consider itself unassailed. But a noted English weekly, the Satur | day Review, asserts that need feel no anxiety whatever over the navy building going on over in Germany, de clares that the readiest cause for naval | conflicts will be found in the struggle be j tween Germany and the United States ! for the partition or exploitation of the great South American continent. And ! doubtless battle-worn John Bull breathes a little easier at the though J that the energetic William is looking nur way instead of his. KATHERINE POPE. ThorouKhly Incompetent. Hewitt —Gruet has no business abil ity. Jewett —No: he couldn't make money If he ran a drug store in a no-license town. —N. Y. Times. THE ST. LOUIS FAIR. Typical '49 mining camp in "Mining Gulch." Approximate cost of the exposition, $50,000,000. Rose garden, six acres in area, 60,- 000 rose trees. Fair opens April 30, 1904; closes De cember 1,1904. » Size of grounds, 1,240 acres, nearly two square mll«s. Art pottery manufactory in operation showing processes. Floral clock, dial 100 feet In diameter, hands 50 feet long. Melon day—soo,ooo melons served to visitors without cost. Automobile chairs, carrying two per sons, reach all points. Thirty-five miles of asphalt and gravel roadways In grounds. Gen. Grant's cabin in St. Louis county erected at exposition. Model strawberry farm, with 400 va rieties growing thereon. Map of United States in growing crops covers area of five acres. Wireless telegraph station among great electrical exhibits. Main picture comprises ten great pal aces, arranged fan shape. Montlcello, Thomas Jefferson's home, for Virginia state building. The Hermitage, Andrew Jackson's Tennesee home, reproduced. The pike, a mile long, concessions costing more than $5,000,000. Great Britain to reproduce the or angery of Kensington palace. Three great cascades, largest water falls ever constructed by man. Washington's headquarters at Mor ristown for New Jersey Building. Robert Burns' cottage at Ayrshire to be reproduced on grounds.—N. Y. World. MEN OF MEANS. John D. Rockefeller proposes to plant three carloads of young maple trees on his estate at Tarry town, N. Y. Isadore Newman, of New Orleans, re cently gave $50,000 to chairty to mark the fiftieth anniversary of his arrival in the United States. Adrian Iselin, a member of one of New York's wealthy families, is building a church for poor Italian Catholics at New Roclielle. J. Pierpont Morgan's latest gift is a ouse to his daughter. It is said to be one of the finest residences in New York, and is located at Park avenue and Thir ty-seventh street. Moses G. Cobb, a wealthy attorney of San Francisco, died recently, leaving his entire estate-' to Mrs. Rose Barry, a widow who during the last three years of his life looked after him. Cobbs' widow, son and five grandchildren are cut off with out a cent. A legal contest is in progress. The executor is asked to see that Cobb's body is cremated and"the ashes scat tere*d to the waters of the Pacific ocean." John D. Spreckles, Jr., son of the Cali fornia millionaire, is selling tickets in the office of the Oceanic Steamship com pany offices, San Francisco. His father is president of the company and the young man has determined to master the business. He is on duty every morning at nine o'clock and works until five in the afternoon. His salary, which he has to earn, being shown no favors, is about SIOO per month. Later he means to check freight on the dock in order to familiar ize himself w r ith that department. FOREIGN FACTS AND FANCIES. There is an ice plant in Jerusalem. The Mexican government has decided to permit Chinese immigration. Charles T. Yerkes is the authority for the statement that the London under ground system is now half completed, and that it will be entirely finished in about five years. The gambling receipts at Monte Carlo exceed those of last year by over $600,- 000. It is the custom of the banks to give those who have lost their all free tickets that will take them home. The completion of the world's longest tunnel, Simplon, is to be celebrated in 1905 at Milan, the nearest important Italian city, by an international exposi tion, for which preparations are now be ing made-. A fund of $600,000 has been raised, and the king of Italy has prom ised to aid the undertaking in every pos sible way. The International Oil company of Ja pan, which is a branch of the Standard Oil company, has a large refinery at Navetsu, besides owning important wells in the western provinces. Sixty-eight native companies have been forced to combine, so that there are now two com pcting companies, neither of which has one-fourth the capital of the Interna ;ional company. POINTED PARAGRAPHS. It isn't an easy matter to fee happiness through another man's eyes. We can all find reasons why other peo ple shouldn't make mistakes. Knowledge of a good many men con sists of things that aren't so. Most writers who drop into poetry manage to drop clear through. All women w-ere born to love and be loved, and they fight it out on that line. Contentment comes to those only who want but little and are satisfied with less. What a pity it is that people who worry over trilies haven't something worth while to trouble them! A girl has it in her power to make any number of men happy for life —by dtflining to marry them. Don't think because a man is an ex pert mathematician that he always counts with the fair sex. Every man expects to wake up some day and find himself famous. As a rule he does get as far as the waking-tip part —Chicago Daily News. A PAIH JFJUCKERS The Naturalist Watches Them Build a Home and Set Up Housekeeping. flow the Male Called Ufa Lady Love and lleifan Ilia Conrtahlp—lnter ruption by a Jealoua ltlvul —The iNcat and Little Ouea. The flicker is known throughout al most the whole of North America, and wherever ho is known he is loved by ail right-minded members of the commu nity. He is of good appearance, indus trious in his habits, and minds his own business. He is a good citizen, and an example to the rest of us; many of us are proud of him and the others ought to be. Last spring I saw a male flicker alight on the slanting trunk of a dead tree, and, after hitching sldewise two or three times, he stopped near a spot where the bark was loose, and began prying off j bits of it with his strong curved bill, | pausing now and then to devour the in | sects which he brought to light. Then, I flying to a higher branch, he sent forth j along call, "Wlcka-wicka-wicka-wicka," j which penetrated to the very heart of the ; woods. Presently he flew to another | tree, alighting close to a hard, dead j branch. Then he threw his head back, and, after a momentary pause, brought the tip of his bill to bear upon the dead j branch, with marvelous force and repid ity. The effect was a loud, vibratory ; sound not unlike the rapid rolling of a small drum, and after a moment's sil ence, during which the woodpecker turned his head on one side as though listening, it was repeated, seemingly j louder than before. Again and again the sound rolled forth : from the resonant branch, and then, with a little "pat," a second flicker j alighted upon the tree. Then the drum mer ceased his drumming, for he had ! something better to do. The lady love he had been calling for had arrived, and the delightful task of winning her affec tions was before him. He drew near and | bowed to her, uttering notes which ! sounded like as though they might be pretty speeches; then pranced in front of her, spreading his tail and his wings, j displaying the golden feather shafts and | the white patch on his rump. How much further he would have gone with his ; courtship will never be known, for at | this interesting point another male flicker arrived from somewhere, and the two rivals, uttering harsh notes, dashed off together, and were followed soon after by the cause of their jealousy. Which, if either, of the two males was i eventually successful, I don't know, | but, at all events, I saw a pair of mated flickers in that corner of the woods a | very few days later. At last a decision A FLICKER. ; was reached, and on a dead chestnaf. I tree work was commenced. Fcr eight , days they labored hard; then, because no more chips were thrown out, I pre | sumed that the home was finished. Some ten days later, I enlarged the ! entrance a little, that I could put my hand into the nest. Inside the nest-hole was much wider than one might have ! supposed from glancing at the door way, a.nd opened out into a roomy cavity which extended downwards perhaps 18 inches, affording ample room for the mother as she sat upon her eggs. Of the latter there were seven, transparent white, with pink veinings showing through the shell. The yolks, as in all fresh woodpeckers' eggs which I have seen, were plainly visible, and floated lightly to the top, no matter which way up the eggs were held. Next time I visited the nest, the young birds were hatched, for as I tapped on the tree-trunk there came from the hole a sound like that made by escaping steam or a singing kettle; the sound of very young flickers crying in chorus. I did not see the parent birds feed th>? young, but we know from the observations of Mr. William Brewster that young flickers are fed by regurgita tion in much the same manner as young pigeons are given their nourishment. The parent flicker thrusts his bill down the throat of a little flicker, and with his wings and tail, and in fact his whole body, quivering with the effort, he liter ally pumps the half-digested food from his own stomach Into that of his off spring. Some time before they were ready to leave the nest, the fledglings would scramble up to the mouth of the nest hole, and sometimes four or five inquisi tive little heads might be seen peering out at once. On leaving the nest, they could fly well at once, making more than a hundred yards at the first attempt. Their plum age at this age was almost identical with that of the parents. ERNEST HAROLD BAYNES. JuiMiiiene Sin ujrule r*. Japanese smugglers are driving the Russian officials frantic by their per sistent running of contraband goods •into Siberia. The other day a Jap tailor was caught at Port Arthur with a large quantity of silk. It is likely to go hard with him, as the Russian law i» 6tilng«r< an this point CHRISTMAS CHIMES. A Warning; to Santa Clan*. When the tree Is In the parlor and the lights are on the tre« And the strings of colored popoorn are a dcngling merrily. When the dripping of the tallow makes the drooping branches white And the children raise a chorus of unani mous delight. Oh, Santa Claus, be careful as you gayly skip about. For your whisker*'!! catch fire It you don't watch out. Oh, It's good to hear the shouting of the happy girls and boys As you reach up In th.e branches and untie the swaying toys; Me is hardly half a Christian who would stop such joy as this, And without the tree our Christmas would be robbed of half its bliss, But, Santa Claus, be careful, as you frolic and they shout, You'll be turned to pyrotechnics If you don't watch out —S. E. Kiser, in Chicago Record-Herald. Christmas I* Near. Two little curly heads, yellow and brown. Over their work bending busily down. Twenty wee fingers all stitching away, Nimbly and deftly as ever they may. Four little lips whispering softly and low Sweet little secrets that no one must know. These are the signs by which it is clear That Yuletlde is coming and Christmas is near! Oh, for the mysteries no one can guess! Something for baby, and something fcr Bess, Presents for Jacky, and gifts for papa. Such a delightful surprise for mamma. Ail stowed away in the little work box | Of wee Rosy Posy and sweet Goldilocks; No one shall open it. no one shall peer Into Its treasures till Christmas is here. Work away, dear little hands, work away. Swift and nimbly as ever you may. Only a little longer, you know. You will have leisure to stitch and to sew. Every new morning and every new night Brings the day nearer, the day of delight. Brightest and merriest day of the Yuletide is coming and Christmas is near. —Persia Gardiner, in Youth's Companion. Two Boys' ChristninHex, THE RICH BOY. And now behold this sulking boy. His costly presents bring no joy; Harsh tears of anger till his eye Though he has all that wealth can bu?. What profits it that he employs J lis many gifts to make a noise? His playroom is so placed that he Can cause his folks no agony. MORAL. Mere worldly wealth does not possess The power of giving happiness. THE POOR BOY. Observe, my child, this pretty scene, j And note the air of pleasure keen With which the widow's orphan boy Toots his tin horn, his only toy. "What need of costly gift has he? The widow has nowhere to flee, And ample noise his horn emits To drive the widow into tits, MORAL. The philosophic mind can see - The uses of adversity. —Ellis Parker Butler, in Leslie's Monthly. A Merry Hoaiitl. There's a merry sound of music In the raindrops on the shed, Like the angels was a-peltin' us with blossoms overhead. An' the mistletoe is hangin' near the holly berries red, Hands round the frosty winter morning! Come in from tho weather where the lire cracks an' glows, An' the blue smoke up the chimney in a windy frolic goes. An' Pleasure like a river with a sunny ripple flows— ! Hands round the frosty winter morning! Oh, life is worth the living, though the year is gray and cold, The song is sweet in singfn', an' the merry tale is told, An' take of joy full measure—all the arms of you can hold— Hands round the frosty winter morning! —F. L. Stanton, in Atlanta Constitution. The Cironn-I'olk*' Christmas. Not by glad Christmas bells alone; Not by the crowded, warm hearthstone; Not by the cjuip, the clasp, the feast- Scarce by the lone star in the east— Nor yet by gil t nor deed of grace, Nor misUetoe, nor wreathed place. Nor merry speedings to and l'to, Nor any circumstance or show- Know we the Christmas day. These are but symbols, hallowed dear— The cheery crowning of the year. But by the light in children's eyes; By their blithe shouts and happy sighst By secret plotiings, fond and deep; When little heads lie still, in sleep; By glowing sympathy that starts, Melting the winter in our hearts; By quicken i d joy and holy pride, When to the (Jhi!d alt doors swing wide— Know wo the Christmas day. —St. Nicholas. Safe. For those who keep this Christmastide Beyond all pain and sin. Beyond the reach of ill or hurt Thy Heavenly courts within, We thank Thee, Lord, though still our eyes Are dim with longing tears, And yearning arms can scarcely wait The slow march of the years. For those who still with us abide Are anxious l'ears and cares, So many pitfalls lurk unseen. So many hidden snares. To those who in the Home-land dwell. No harm can e'er betide; We thank Thee, Lord, for all our own Safe on the other side. —Gussie Packard Dubois, In Chicago In terior. Christmas IN Coming, What makes his wife so awfully nice, She gives her kisses in a trice, She's like a horse without a vice— Ha, Christmas' coming! Her dinners, too, are simply splendid, With all the things he likes attended, I wonder why her w ays she's mended? Ha, Christmas' coming! She sees in visions bright, aiack, A sealskin muff or eke a sack, To shine resplendent on her back— Ha, Christmas' coming! She sees, maybe, a diamond ring, A pin or some such gaudy thing. No wonder she grows kind, by jing, Christmas' coming! —Louisville Post. An Annual Sorrow. That rrood old fellow. Santa, Claus. Once more Is under way. The snow his eager reindeer paws. Well laden is his sleigh. And yet the family man will sing A song devoid of glee, For Santa Claus In sooth will bring His gifts all C. O. D. —Washington Star.