AS TO SWEET POTATOES.
Mtlhoil of Cultivating •'!> W hlrh They
ion lie llitiaril an Cbrniil)- aa
lri>.li Tuber*.
I made a ridge from 6 to 18 inches
liigh, waited then till it rained, after
which 1 waded to my ankles in mud
and punched holes with a sharp stick
along the top of the ridge, about six
inches apart, then stuck the plants
down and pressed the mud about them.
1 did it because I saw others do it;
thousands are doing it yet. Don't
make a ridge unless you want strings
instead of short, thick potatoes. It
is time and labor worse than thrown
away.
When the ground is well pulverized
F~ i <b! 1
WHOKGLV SET PLANT.
«nd level, I take the double plows :smd
mark off the ground into rows, leaving
ridges two or three inches high, in
-which I plant. This keeps the dirt
from covering the plants in cultiva
tion, and a higher ridge than tliis is
unnecessary. Don't plant in the mud.
Don't water when planting. It does
more harm than good and is a waste of
time and labor. Before planting wet
the roots thoroughly and sprinkle rich
dirt, on them till it. adheres to every
little rootlet. Plant them then before
they dry, and every plant will live.
Don't plant too soon. Wait till you
see the blackberry bloom. Never
plant closer than 18 inches if you want
tine potatoes. Don't punch holes. Look
at Figs. 1 and 2 and see the right and
wrung way. Don't leave half the plant
!i —i
• \
y x '\ .
i 1 ■ '«i
v . \ • V&v
2
PLANT PROPERLY SET.
above ground to wither and die; one
bud out is enough. Don't putin little,
short plants, but have them eight to
ten inches long, with plenty of roots.
Don't set them perpendicular, but as
in Fig. 2. Don't leave the dirt loose
over them, but slap your foot down
over the roots and firm them.
Don't dig holes, but take the plant
in your left hand, thrust the right into
the loose soil, and lift the dirt you
see above the plant of Fig. 2. Just as
you raise it, thrust the plant under
the back of your hand. Then let the
dirt- fall into the plant and set your
foot on it as you step to the next
plant. An expert will take a bunch of
50 plants in his right hand and a foot
adz in his right, and. lifting the dirt
with the adz. will plant as fast as
he walks. My boys can plant by hand
ISO feet of row in five minutes. Don't
plant the roots toward the south, else
the sun will hit the young plants hard.
Aside from raising the slips, I can
raise a bushel of sweet potatoes as
cheaply as I can Irish potatoes.— W. L.
Anderson, in Farm and Home.
Tliree Hindu of Ilaetprla.
Bacteria arc merely minute form#
of vegetable life. They do not, how
ever. require contact with the earth
to grow. Some of them can grow
in nothing but air, and others in liq
nid. Some feed upon the components
of the milk and change it into other
forms of solids and liquids. Some
live in acids. So when the milk is
rendered sour by one set of bacteria
another set at onee begins work to
change even that sourness into some
thing else. These changes are indi
cated by the gases that come from
the milk and that give us the sense
of smell. There are three general
classes of bacteria that work in milk;
the harmless, the beneficial and the
harmful.-—Farmers' Review.
Plnnt More (ioo*rberrl*»«.
The gooseberry delights in a deep,
exceedingly rich soil, in partial shade,
as recommended for currants, and in
thorough mulching. Who, that is ac
quainted with its different uses and
knows the delights of a gooseberry pie,
would ever again willingly be without
this most healthful of fruits? Currants
and gooseberries have ne\er received
the attention they deserve. The mar
kets are hardly ever fully supplied.
Each year Ihe demand is greater, and
no one will make a mistake by plant
ing quite liberally of these most
healthful, invigorating fruits.—Mid
land farmer.
It has taken many years and many
generations of cows to produce the
special dairy cow. One cross on an
other breed may undo all the work
und care of years. Don't work back
ward.
COUNTRY IMPROVEMENT.
Call Iv At ion oi ikr Il<*nn t Ifui Xow
Gun Hand In llnnd Willi Culli
lution of lh«* lawful.
There are places in the conn
try that will not admit of the word
improvement, but as we travel about
among the farms we are compelled
to acknowledge that town improve
ment societies are very much needed.
At Idaho Falls, in Idaho, one of the
largest clubs in the slate is the Vil
lage Improvement society, entirely
composed of women. The object of
these clubs should be to make the
streets clean and beautiful, to en
courage private owners to keep their
lots and farms beautiful, and their
homes teachers of refinement. The
women of Clinton, N. V., have placed
boxes in the streets to receive waste
papers and similar rubbish. The
Kural Art society, of the same town,
is planting linden trees, laying out
small parks and looking out for sim
ilar enterprises, which, while not of
little value, are not of much cost. In
one of the Ohio towns 1 notice that
two rival clubs are in (he field. This
is perhaps a good idea, for competi
tion in doing good works as well as
in business affairs. The present out
look is for a rallying of all enter
j prises for the public welfare around
j the schoolhotise as a center. If this
! can be brought about town organiza
tion will mean something very dif
ferent from the present disorganiza
tion, which gets tin- state charter. It
will place intelligence at the fn-nt
and tend to disable the saloon and
similar influences.
Meanwhile civic improvement goes
forward on parallel lines with coun
try improvement. It seems to be ac
cepted as an assured fact that cities
arc to spread out hereafter over a
very much larger territory. The ex
ecutive board of the American league
! for Civic Improvement met recently
;at Springfield, O. The league is to
I hold a week's convention at Chan
j tauqua for discussing all sorts of mu
nicipal reforms. U is believed that
! political refitrm and physical reform
; must goon together. The Spokane
| Floral association, which is a coin-
I mittee of the State Federation on
I Forestry and Outdoor Art, issues a
| year book showing how best to ad
j vance the study ami the work of civic
j improvement, especially in the way
of planting flowers and trees. There
I really is no way any longer of kcep
! ing civic art and rural art separated.
IWe believe the day is not far off
! when every farmer will consider the
cultivation of the beautiful just as
much a part of his business as the
useful. Then our farms will be con
nected together with long lines of
highways—most ]_v trolley ways- all
of which constitute extended public
parks.—lo. I'. l'owell, in N. V. Trib
une.
BROAD-TIRED WHEELS.
i They Are l-'nr HeKer for Ordinary
l-'nrm Work 'l'lut N TIIONV >OVV
in Urnrrat t He,
This picture of twowheels,onea wide
tire and the other a narrow, shows
why the former is easier to draw and
it better for ordinary farm work than
the latter. The narrow t ire sinks into
the soft soil and t he team is all the time
drawing the load uphill,while the wide
WIDE AND NARROW TIRES.
tire rolls over the surface on a level.
Besides the difference indraft the rut
cut by the narrow tire works injury to
the crop by mashing it below the sur
face. and checking if not preventing
all further growth, and by making
drains into dead furrows or down hills
to carry off soluble fertility, or, per
haps, start gullies. Every farmer needs
one wagon with low, broad-tired
wheels.- —Farm Journal.
Cliemt Material for Itonilx,
It has been discovered that burnt
gumbo is a most serviceable material
for use on country roads. It is not
quite as durable as is crushed stone,
but is far superior to dirt. Its cost is
slight, as it can be produced without
the use of skilled labor. The burning
of the gumbo removes the quality
that when the clay is wet causes stick
iness. This burnt clay is used for cap
ping the road. The road-bed must be
well drained and well built-before the
top of burnt clay is put on. It is
claimed that if people will adopt the
burnt-clay idea, roads as good as those
in France can be constructed in this
country with no additional expendi
ture over that now being required by
the roads.
How to fat I'p Alfalfa,
This is the way a South Dakdta
farmer puts tip alfalfa: For stack bot
tom use any old material eight or
ten inches deep, seven or eight feet
wide and as long as you need. Have
some good dry hay or straw readjj.
Cut the alfalfa when about half in
bloom in dryest part of day and let it
thoroughly wilt or cure until you can
press it into a wad between your hands.
Haul to stack and put a layer of eight
or ten inches of alfalfa; then dry liay
or straw, then alfalfa a foot; hay or
straw eight or ten inches, and so on
until as high as wanted. Dry mate
rial must be eight inches in middle to
nothing at the edge of stack. This
is the n-ientific and only way to cure I
alfalfa, and it makes the best all I
around food in the world for all farm |
•uimak.
CAMERON COUNTY PRESS, THURSDAY, JULY 24, 1902.
THE POWER OF SPEECH.
Prof. Cun 11 In icl>nm Drarrlbc* It n* the
Itrmilt off ■ Slow Process of
u .\alural Uroivth.
Speech is the result of a slow process
of natural growth, and there is no
human race that does not possess it.
If in the present state of the world
some philosopher were to wonder
how man ever began to build those
houses, palaces and vessels which we
see around us we should answer that
those were not the things that man
began with. The savage who first
tied the branches of shrubs to make
himself a shelter was not an architect
and he who iirst floated on the trunk
of a tree was not a navigator. So it
! is with speech, which grew from rude
! beginnings. All the more intelligent
animals can express simple conditions
i of mind both by sound and gesture.
| The dog can emit four or live sounds
; each fully understood by his com pa n-
I ions. The common barnyard fowl has
; from nine to twelve distinct vocal
sounds, all of which are comprehended
by its chickens and by other fowls.
There can be no doubt that the speech,
of man arose, in the beginning, from
similar sources. Gesture speech was
j frequent. Many sounds wire imita-
I tive. Purely conventional and non
| imitative sounds were adopted for
j convenience, just as deaf mutes now
! invent arbitrary sounds to stand for
the names of friends, etc. It is not
precisely true, then, to say that "lan
j gtMge begins where interjection ends."
j However it originated, it is thecondi
j tion of progress. As Romanes said:
j "A manlike creature became human
I by the power of speech." When did
1 speech originate? Romanes thinks
j that our human ancestor may have
been in the age of flint when he added
to gesture, vocal tones and facial
grimaces the power of speech. The
foregoing sentences are a very free
eoTidensfltion of an address by Prof.
| Cunningham.
AN IDEA FROM FRANCE.
Mftlmd of KXT rm*t in K Oil from Olive
l*nl|t Likely to Prove I ocfal
in X uited Stntea.
j A method of extracting oil from
1 olive pulp which has long been in
! vogue in Southern France is probably
| available for vegetable oilcake also,
! and is likely to prove useful in Amer
ica. Consul General Skinner, writ
ing from Marseilles, describes it,
in a letter to the.state department.
The essential feature of the system
is that some chemical solvent, like
I naphtha, is employed to withdraw
j the oil from the pulp, and is then sep
aratcd from the oil by distillation,
j Naphtha, gasolene or "petroleum es
-1 sence." as the French call it, was long
the favorite agent, and some of the
big oil manufacturers at Havre op
erate their own petroleum refineries
in connection with their olive oil
■ works. But sulphide of carbon is
now coining into favor, because it is
non-explosive and cheaper. In Mar-
K n'
~
FRENCH OIL EXTRACTOR.
seilles large quantities of sulphide
are produced for this purpose. How
ever, the oil obtained with the aid of
naphtha, while sold for soap making
and not for the table, lias a better
odor than that which is extracted
by the sulphide. The remaining meal
is promptly dried to prevent fermen
tation, and sold for fertilizing pur
poses.
The general arrangement of the ap
par- . .is is shown by the accompany
'.g diagram. The raw material is
placed in the receptacle A, and an
equal quantity of sulphide drawn
through the pipe L from the reser
voir K. The stuff rests on a false bot
tom. I', under which are coils of pipe.
Steam from E is introduced thereto,
and the mixture comes to a boil.
Much free sulphide evaporates, pass
es up through K, and, condensing,
falls into the reservoir for use again.
After a time the oil and remaining
sulphide in A drain oft through the
pipe I! into a tank C. Here the tem
perature is kept high enough gradu
ally to vaporize most of the solvent,
which goes up through II into the
reservoir above. A little live steam is
now let into C to drive off the re
maining sulphide (or naphtha), thus
leaving the oil odorless. If there be
any sulphide left in the pulp, some
steam is turned on in A to save it
by sending it up in the form of va
por to It. The pulp is discharged
through an opening at D.
WIIM»* •»« J'nlp Makcra ,
The nest of the tree wasp or hor
net is made of a true paper, wood
being ground to pulp by the jaws of
the wasp and treated with, an ad
hesive matter secreted ia the «*•»-
lure's mouth , .. -.
THE WATER-SCOPE.
A Man Stunilint; In Huffiihrad wltll
Glawi llottom Can Scan Depths
of Itlver or Lake,
The men who drive logs along the
swift rivers and across the shallow
lakes of northern Maine lead lives that
are full of peril. At the sharp turns
of the rushing streams, where logs are
prone to run aground and form dan
gerous and expensive jams, men stand
in the cold water waist-deep for hours
at a time to fend off the onuominj tim
bers, and if one chances to meet «Ith.
a log under strong headway, he is fre
quently swept from liis feet aud goes
down stream among the great sticks
of spruce and pine.
On the lakes, where the rafts have
to be propelled by headwork and oars,
the danger is none the less imminent.
A misstep on a rolling log or a bad
LOG-DRIVER'S WATERSCOPE.
calculation in leaping from one timber
to another means a cold bath in the
lake, and if no companion is at hand to
give him a lift, his death is but. a ques
tion of a few minutes.
In view of the fact that fatalities
attend the drive from the time it is
set afloat far up river, in May, until
it reaches Pen cove boom, 200 miles
away, in August or September, the
woodsmen have devised a novel piece
of mechanism for finding bodies that
lie below the water.
The invention consists of a molasses
hogshead with one head removed and
a pane of window glass cemented
above a hole cut in the remaining
head. The hogshead is set on end,
with the end containing the glass in
the water.
Two green and heavy logs are then
lashed to the sides of the hogshead,
causing it to float as deeply as possi
ble in the water. The logs arc held
together by spiked cleats fore and aft,
so a man can stand on the improvised
raft and scull it back and forth. As
soon as the mechanism is completed
a small man gets into the hogshead,
which is closely covered at the top, to
exclude the light.
When the man has been inside a few
minutes his eyes become accustomed
to the darkness, so that by looking
through the pane in the bottom, the
only point where light is admitted, he
is enabled to see to a depth of "0 and
30 feet and distinguish objects lying
upon the bottom of the waterway.
As the hogshead is capable of holding
but little air, the man cannot remain
inside for long. As soon as he comes
out he takes the scull oar while his
companion goes inside to scan the
depths. In this manner many bodies
have been recovered and watches lost
overboard and cant dogs, which have
slipped from the hands of careless
drivers, have been restored to the light
of day.
The instrument which the lumber
men use has been called a water-scope,
a term which is neither English or
Greek, though compounded from both
languages.
The name of its inventor is unknown,
and there is no patent to protect the
idea. Woodsmen say it came into use
about 25 years ago. Previous to that
time the man who wished to spy upon
the floor of lakes and streams used a
wooden tube mad,e of four narrow
boards, the lower end being provided
with a light of glass.
As boards are hard to find in the
wilds of Maine, while empty molasses
hogsheads arc to be had at every lum
ber camp, the hogshead water-scope
was no doubt adopted because it was
the only thing available. Since the
first one was so constructed no other
kind will be used.
Qunrrj'lne Stone with Water.
A remarkable quarrying feat was
recently accomplished nt Rubislaw
quarries, Aberdeen, Scotland. A
large stone had been drilled, ready
for splitting, when the thought
struck the foreman that the severe
frost which prevailed might be uti- ,
lized. Water was poured into each
of the drill holes, and it was found j
after a couple of days that the block '
of granite had completely burst open. |
An idea of the immense power of the
frost will be gathered when it in I
stated that the stone thus detached !
measures 12 feet by five feet, and 1
has a weight of about six tons.
A Vnlnnltle Doxt Storm.
The great storm of red dust that i
swept up from Africa over Europe I
tfist year performed a service for j
which men of science should b« I
grateful, by coloring the glaciers of |
the Alps on a grand scale, and thus j
producing a stratum in the vast ice
streams the red hue of which will {
render it recognizable for many j
years. The importance of this con- j
sists in the fact that by noting the |
position of the dust-stained layer the
movements of the glaciers can be I
studied more accurately than would ]
be possible without the aid of so a*- j
tensive und distinct a marking. _ I
MEDICAL EXAMINER
Of the Unitcnl Slatow Trcjisnry Mec
oimiLciids l^o-ru-iui.
The Women Also Recom
mend Pe-ru-na.
Miss Blanch Grey, 174 Alabama
street, Memphis, Tenn., a society wom
an of Memphis, writes:
"To a society woman whose nervous
force is often taxed to the utmost from
lack of rest and irregular meals I
know of nothing which is of so much
benefit as Peruna. I took it a few
months ago when I felt my strength
giving away, and it soon made itself
manifest in giving me new strength
and health." —Miss Blanch Grey.
Mrs. X. Schneider, 2409 Thirty-sev
enth Place, Chicago, 111., writes:
"After taking several remedies with
out result, I began last year to take
your valuable remedy, Peruna. 1 was
i a complete wreck, llad palpitation of
I the heart, cold hands and feet, female
weakness, no appetite,trembling,sink
j ing feeling nearly all the time. You
| said 1 was suffering with systemic
j catarrh, and I believe that I received
| your help in the nick of time. 1 fol
-1 lowed your dircctiunsi carefully and
j can say to-day that 1 am well again.
I I cannot thank you enough for my
I cure."
Peruna cures catarrh wherever k>-
i cated. Peruna is not a guess nor an
1 experiment—it is an absolute scien
| tific certainty. Peruna has no substi
i tutes —no rivals. Insist upon having
I Peruna.
A free honk written by Dr. "artman,
on the subject of catarrh in its differ
ent phases and stages, will be sent
free to any address by The Peruna
Medicine Co., Columbus, Ohio.
Catarrh is a systemic disease curable
j only by systemic treatment. A remedy
j that cures catarrh must aim directly
I at the depressed nerve centers. This is
j what Peruna does.
I If you do not derive prompt and sat-
I isfactory results from the use of Pe
! runr write at onee to Dr. Ilartman,
giving a full statement of your case
j and he will be pleased to give you his
i valuable advice gratis.
Address Dr. Ilartman, President of
j The HartmanSanitarium,Columbus, o.
fle-nntor Proctor's Pinewt Speech.
I Senator Proctor, of Vermont, .-ays) tlie
i finest speech lie ever made consisted m only
I four words. It was in retort to Senator
I Hoar's sarcastic little thrust in a speech
i directed at the (ircen mountain senator.
! He said: "No man in Vermont is allowed
j to vote, unless he has made $5,000 trading
1 with M ts-aehusetts people." Wherein
, Proctor said: "And we all vote."—Chicago
; Inter Ocean.
Don't Get Footsore! Get Fnot-Kanc,
; A wonderful powder that cures tired, hot,
| aching feet and makes new or tight shoes
easy. Ask to-day for Allen's Foot-Ease.
| Accept no substitute. Trial package FREE,
j Address A. S. Olmsted, Le Roy, N. Y.
The Way of 11.
A man had togo awav from home to have
1,1.1). or I'hl). conferred upon him, but
the COD is brought rignt to his door.—
Baltimore American.
l'iso s Cure is the hest medicine we evei
J used for all affections of the throat ant
lungs.—Wm. 0. Endsley, Vanburen, Ind.
■ Feb. 10. 1900.
The trouble with experience is, nearly
every man thinks lie is so smart that l.e
iran win where others have failed.—Atch
ison Globe.
To Care a Cold In One Day
Take Laxative Bromo Quinine Tablets. All
druggists refundmoney if it fails to cure. 25c.
"Why didn't you tell Toughboy that he
lied?'' "My telephone is out of order."—
i Morristown Herald.
I Daylight and trutu zntet us with clear
(Uwu.— Millou.
THE MARKETS.
New York. July 10, 1903,
Flour—Fairly active.
Wheat No. 2 red 79c.
Corn—No. 2 at 71c.
Oats—No. 2 white (iOVf.e.
Hay—Steady.
Ileeves—Steers $5.65(fi8.00. Veals
S4.SO(Ji 7.25.
Sheep—Firm at 00(T<4.50, lambs
$4.73(36.75.
Hogs—State hogs SB.OO.
Cleveland, July 10.—Flour—Winter
wheat patents $4.00(a4.20.
Wheat—'No. 2 red 74i/ a c.
Corn—No. 2 yellow 70c.
Oats—No. 2 white sS' v .c.
Hay—No. 1 timothy $12.50. <
Eggs—St ric-t ly fresh 19c.
Cheese—York state ll(T< 12c.
Putter—Pest creamery 22 1 / a e.
Potatoes—New Gs(?i 70c.
Cattle Choice steers $0.40(36.50,
best calves $7.00@7.25.
Sheep—Best $4.00(34.25, lambs $4.50
(n 0.25.
Hogs—Yorkers $7.80.
Toledo. July 19.—Wheat—Cash 77c.
Corn-—Cash 05c.
Oats—Cash 49c.
C 1 everseed —Cash $5.07%.
East Liberty, July 19.—Cattle
Choice s7.ls(Ti 7.50, good $0.00(36.30.
Hogs—(Mediums SB.IO, heavy York
ers $7.90.
Sheep Best wethers $4.15(34.30,
choice lambs $5.75(30.50.
East Buffalo, July 19. —Cuttle
Strong. Veals $6.75(30.90.
Hogs—(Heavy $8.00(38.15, pigs s7.so
<g7.90.
Sheep lx'imbs $0.25@6.50, best
mixed sheen $4.00(34.25.
Slgnatur IrfyYears
# The Kind You Have Always Bought
WI C(NT*UA wnptn, N MUMMY ITDIIT, MU VO«« err*.
• IT. J.l' V. llyn JorJan. j I •
| 1 -I j
pvK. LLEWELLYN JORDAN, Medi-
cal Examiner of tlie U. S. Treas
ury department, graduate of Colum
bia College, and who served three yt..r»
at West Point, has the following to
say of Peruna:
'•Allow me to express my gratitude (o
you for the benefit derived from your
wonderful remedy. One short month
has brought forth a vast change and I
now consider myself a well man after
| months of suffering. Fellow suf
ferers, Peruna will cure you."
Peruna immediately invigorates tli©
nerve-centers which give vitality to the
mucous membranes. Then catarrh
disappears. Then catarrh is perma
[ nentl.v cured.
A New Train
TO
St. Louis,
Has been inaugurated by the
"Big Four"
Which will be known as the
"Exposition Flyer"
Look at the
SCHEDULE.
Lv. Cleveland 5.00 P. M.
Lv. Shelby 6.35 "
L.v. Crestline - 6.50 "
Lv. Gallon .... 7.00 "
Lv. Marion 7.27 **
Lv. Bellefor.talne 6.25 "
Lv, Sidney 854 "
Lv. Union City 945 "
Lv. Mur.cie 10.28 "
Lv. Anderson... 10.55 "
Ar. Indianapolis 11.45 "
Ar. St. Louis 7,30 A. M.
Making all connections
(or the
West and Southwest
For further information and particulars call os
Agunis "liig Kour Kuulu," or address liio tmUfti*
signed.
WARItfN J. LYNCH, W. P. DEPIE,
Uen l I'ass. ,fc Tkt. Aift. Asst. U, P. & T. A
CINCINNATI, O.
11ME miiT YOUB TRAD£ |
S Wa toucan buy of us at whole- g
■ sale prices and save money, i
Our 1,000-page catalogue tells 112
M the story. We will send it upon |
1 receipt of 15 cents. Your neighbors flj
I trade with us—why not you ?
I 4 CHICAGO
The house that tcllw the truth. Jm
Z _ [HAZARD
Your dealer may not know about
It. or may not keep it, but hs
•< r TCan get it for ycu !f you insist
an< * lf you want
Hazard's Powder every time, j
IGUN POWDER
OLD SORES CURED
AJlon'A Ult frlne Salvo curen Chronlr I'IIHT*, Rone I'lrrr*.
brrofulou* I leer», >arleoi.e (lrr>r», lndol. nl fleer*, Vr-rrnriti
I'lfrr#, Wlille Swelling, Milk I.**, Frxi-mn, Salt Klicuin. »««-r
More*, nil old turrb. l*u«lth«ly no failure, no matter howlwntt
tUodlnr. By mail, *sc and Wla. J.K A i.i. I.N .1. I'uul.lliim.
u> MOTHERS or Millfriritf l.ubifi."
■ BvlnVaii Semi to Henry <\ Blair, Walnut Jt
Bth St.. Philadelphia, f< »r a TcPlil
11|or Money refunded if not satisfac
tory. Fifty cents, mail, prepuid.
7