0 M= GOyERNOR'.S MESSAGE. To Ike Honorable She seilatore eisitlifen4ers of eke Howe if Representatives of ihs Gemerol Auras- FsztowiCressees:-.A renewal of expressions of ..gratitude tp the Almighty Father for his manifold in 4 arid protecting influences during the past yea *hid the utterance of a paayer, "in ipirit:and in Leath," teethe continuatide of these bleating, ' well 'become a people who habitually acknowledge the superintending care of a just and merciful , crixl. The abundautharvest of the late sessuti, the general exemption of the community from disease, be rap idly-improving condit Mu of the country, in all things - which-Confer happiness rend-rational conten tment, increased facilities of eddcation, and the en yment of religious privilege in its purest forms, aJ nonish uuinew, that the destiny of this people and overn tnent is directed by the power of a, Suprem killer, whops kindly providencies 'are continually xerted i . - for their welfare, and its well being. . The.melancholy duty devolves ou me, of formally announcing to the Ge.neral 'Assembly. the fact of .., the decease of the Chief s Magistrate of the Nation, the Venerable Zachary Ta,y ler, who died at the City of Washittton, on the evcoing.of the Ninth of Jo.- 1Y Nat. • L 1 The soldier whose brilliant achievements an arms addedaew lustre to themilitiry fame of the country, sod the Statesman whose policy, as shad Owed forth in'his recommendations to Congress, was that of the wisest and most generous patriotism, diedlo the full possession of his great -mental faculties, sur rpunded by•endeared relativel, cherished friends, and patriotic members of government, with the calm resignation becoming a,Cliristain snide, and found ed on the faith, which teaches that dealh - has no tes tate for hose who faithfully endeavor tett& their, dit ty. ' The American people paid threhigireat tribute to his memory by united and universal barmie st - lo the purity and disidwestedoess of his motives, the patriotism of every impulse es affecting his pub lic conduct, the perfect sincerity of his_desire to act justly to all men, his winning gentleness of temper as manifested in his personal deportment, were to be found traits of character which bound closely to him' his confidential friends, and gave to their sorrow for his demise a bitterness which no lapse of time or change of circumstance can alleviate. ' .. It is recommended that a suitable,,expresesion of dlrespect for the memory of the deceased,end of re gret for our bereavement, be made by the present - Legislature. On the death of Goners! Taylor, by the provisions of the Constitution, the powers and enies of the Chief Magistracy were vested, without the least in terruption of the pubic business, in Vice President elLiiard Fillmore, whose virtue and patriotism as manifested in the discharge of former treats, as well as-in the admi istration thus far of his new tune tions, justify th confident expectation that the poll.' Cy of the Nati nal Administration will eminently, ' , pramlte the bst interests of the country. Indus avowal of the great principle of protection to Ameri can whitey, -it has an estiee!al cfaiin oa the con= fid coot Permaelvania. solutions expressive of the feeling of the last • Legislature on the 'death of the late John C. Cal houn, were communicated to his family. 1 hereeith trurnstnit the corspondence. 1 ' The amendme nt to the State Constitntiiin, pro aiding for the election by the citizens of the judicial , officers of the coinMonweelsh, having received the ' sanc ti on o f a majority of the people, is. now part Ur eta organic taw. 4Vour attention is invited to such legislation as may be necessary to carry iota com- • plate effect this expression of the popular will. By the terms of •the Constitution. the commissions of the Judges will expire on the first Monday of De cember, in the year one' thousand eight huts lred aril' fifty-one. It is suggested that this wilt_ afford a fa vorable °opt:triunity to remade) and greatly lessen - the number of Judicial Districts. At present there are no less than twenty-four judicial districts, with District Courts in Philadelphia and Allegheny Coun ties. A. reference to the east am lun-f of business transacted in these last-named Courts, affords con elusive evidence that• the interests of the community, demand their contiuuance. Should a re! uctiers be made in the 'number of the Commou Pleas Districts, the salaries now paid to the Judges ought to be in-. *emoted to sue'extent- as would be a fair rentuners: tion for the li r perfurme I and the responsibility incurred in th execution of the - duties of their high i t offices. It is- o part of the character of our eitie, zees to, require the labors of others, -without add ' spate compensation. Fair salaries will best secure • the services of honest,' intelligent end competent mad In that 'department of government, in the faitnTol administration' of which every citizen is so deeply interested. An increase of the salaries fir( the Judges of the Courts of Common Pleas and Dis trict Courts, would demand the extension. of the same liberality tcouch;gentletnen an may be select.' ed to discharge the higher ind inure responsible de r tieref Judges of the coutte of last resort. , TA's? anniisl electides'appear to impose unnecee nary; burthens upon the citizen.. Expellee to! the ...general treasury, , and loss of time to the voter, old ' be well saved by authorizing the elections now :held in the Spring to be holden at the Gsneral election la p t.tober. To suclecOunties as desire to try this - . ex anent, the right might be granted. I have been furnished with a ma i tement Of the expense incurred by bolding Spring elltetions in botpllio County, mad it the amount is a fair average uf 'Vie ex t otTnse to the other counties, the change ind:estel wohlil _save to the people of he Commonwealth annually upwaribi of $30,000.„ The project of creating antotgridultueil Departs meat connected with the 'State G.,refliment, de manda,the favembte consideration of the Legisli lure. to such department might be colWeeed meth ealuable information for the use of . die practiCe farmer. The recent iMprovments in the'; construe lion of implements of husbandry, the enalysis of • seethe, improved modes of tillage, and the &depth's, of manures and seeds to -v-aefons. kinds Eir soil, are I subjects of absorbing interest to the skrie.ulturat classes. Diffusion of kt.oo ledge respecting the best breeds of horses, wile and other stock, wit)) suggestions in an authorised and reliable form and experimental expositions of the proper modes 'ol • reariarend training live stock of all' kinds, timid not fail to set beneficially on this great interest lei . the Commonwealth. Should the Natienal Govern ment erect an Agricultural Bureau, in conformity with lb” suggestion of the President, the State insti tution would be an efficient auxiliary in the collet- Son of local information, and for the distribution bete at home, of knowledge amassed in that depart elect from other sources. In this establishment, . the'claime of the mining, mechanical, Ind manufac turing interests on the fostering care of the Govern ment, might be equally regarded. A private society . itt our metropolitan city by its liberality, activity and Warning has done much to develop - ard elre9l.lf age the arts and sciences, useful in every -day life, an.dlas largely aided our mechanics and inanufacz turereto gain a reputation throughout the world. By the measure proposed, I desire to accomplish fur the adaaneement ; of ,the agricultural, mechanical, and minin'tindustry of th e whole Commonwealth; what the ritoklialustitute has done fir those in- Wrests, whieti Wave enjoyed the benefit of its dif 'criminatinfeare. County and township institutions would speedily follow the creation uf 'a State depart ment, and by mutual action and counsels, resnite would eases, bight) , gratifying to the patriot, and beneficial to the country. Shouts the returns of the seventh census of the United States be transmitted in time, the app‘Oitioti meat of the State intq Congressional Districts may become part of your dirty. In each Steen', it in-ho ped the Custom heretofore pardued of postponing' ac tion on important bills of this description to the tale 1 hours of the session will be changed. It is a me tics utterly inconsistent with careful and correct leg i isiatfon, and destroetive of the rights of a co-ordinate I branch .of elta.Governateut. . • The Committee -charged with the introduction of gas lights into the public buildings, have complied on far as in their power, with the direction, of the Legislatufe. An appropriation to Meet these ex panses, and to enclose and , improve the public grouoda, should, be 'made at an early day. A contd.** set of balances, furnished to the State by the General Government, have been deposited in the buildings of MS Land Of The Commie &loners of the several -counties ought to be falai to have the Weights and measures, ender their care s again adjusted and regulated. An arrangement of the Geological 'pediment*- , longing to the State, in some convenient place for , general inspection, and the publication of the Gee iegica! repots, are de.manded-eire by the true lit- I al tarsals of the' State a.d a just eppreciation of her character forinlighte enterprise. My attenpen has called to the large body of original patiers io they State department, connected with the Chortle' ands revolutionary history of the State. and ?their extremoly exposed and periAiaz cond,tion. i t,These reCords are worth preservation, as eontaininV authenoc information of the action of our father. to the atm gle fur stational existence.— naylvania, and walk the ern people, was Independence lier soldiers were most nu- In the Capital of Pe mitities of her paid° matured and declared .. . . merous around the st tulard ‘ of the nation, and there Were mote brittle Ge l don her soil than in the same aria elsewhere. Ev ry memorial of those days of devotion and trial eh uld be faithfully preserved.— There exists a sing copy in menuscript 'of the minutes of the Revol tionary Executive Council, a document by far Lou .a luablu to remain longer with. in the reach els,cci lor mutilation. It would be gratifying to a lirg ody of our constituents if the of•,cci4 Assembly would ant rise the entployuaent oft com - petent gentleman to feet and arrange fur !solstice lion these tnemdilat of an Internsting epoch in the history of the Comm nwealth. , Early in the sprir , the buildings of the Insane Asylum will be ready for the reception of plaieuts. This work of charity, worthy of the best care of the philanthropist, front its. admirable c.onstruetinn and healthful Incati .., cannot fail to Roamer the, ends of- - its benevul at founders: It deserves the fostering dare of the I degislature. In the performs , eof your duties, attention is most earnestly dire ted to the revision of the laws in relation to tavern, restsurants c beer bellies, and IHedged that many instances mmoa resort if the yoeug, the s. to the great detrimeut of of the rising generation. nd recommendations. of roomer I .ce to the equalisation' of Tax tines of tbo pubic debt corer ad public improvements, are attention. The loan author o to redeem the over due pub negotiated. itiou of ithe Commonwealth is wing stternnts: debt, inclining amount in the ners of Sinking Fond, atidulso Inclined Plane at the 430,kil ovemher, 140, wsi .39,862,014 78 dcle, same ; 812;670 64 ten pin alleys. It is they are'made the co idle, and tie worth!, the moral well -bein. The suggestion', messages in refere 'awe, payment of po due, the currency, I again pressed on yai ind at the last sess lie debt, has not bee The financial con exhibited In the fall' Amount of fund hands of Commissi. special loan to •toy kill, on the 30th of Amount of upland date, Total sum of deb In this gross int the Plant at the 'millrace, of p l. portion of, the Coto the Sehtsylkill, rend, of the new rand Is Included the loan, to avoid littylkil!, as aka •is atnied—the ine authorised- t ,saisr, prthat ibis, - Railroad an Viaddct over red useless by t cotAtruction part of the r d ,anii bridge 200,1 which anso nt istio be ap he 18th Sect. of he Ait of 10th s the permanent improvem ent way. The acuilill onitt of this whereby the Plane ha, been be public works much lacilita caving of thirty-one thousand e Treasury, in the disuse of the neetssitrily connected with the llowst , i , , w mad say *400.000 00 uad sol , 2,41:100 00 was sold Tor $ll3 plied as directed by April, 1849, tows • of the Columbia r■ igrent improvement avoided, the use of ted, and an annual lullars, secured to t inachinery and laho plane, Is shown as Amount of cost of Deduct price of old operation, is exbibitz4 thus: lived during The Si&king Fu Amount of fuuda re year, • Amount of 'to* p rcbased du- , • ring year, _ Amount in hands o ers on 30 th . Nov., Whole amount re. • tnisiloo - - • fired ti-neto system ♦ ucks purch commencement 0 Whole amount of seed, Amount tif money a bonds on 6,967 60 LTIONS Or rust.tc DitsT. inv. 30, 1850 .44715,485 42 and cash in winners of .• 65,090 58 ti - • 30th Nov., 18501 FURTHER itxPo Amount of debt on a Amount of cl o cks hand* • of Corn Sinking Fu d, 'Deduct amonnf. of ■ sial ken—the in est thereof lac 'the diocontinue. of the• Planet, 400,000 00 845,09018 ' 4 Amount ,of ebt 30th N0v.0048, I Funded, :I $3 O'nfundt4,' Canal, Railroad an.' 4),lotiveFuirer deb; re:urneii in ; 1 8 19 , i a and I s so, being debts ;eon ctrl prior tip l De comber; 1840, fi d 'Lail indebt nest's - Actual auk ties clined!P.a I Loa sember, 50, amount in ! handa commissittneri if ,393 350 24 ,081,386 09 1473,861 48 , _ i _ - .40,413,598 41 , ' including lo- I on 30th- No- 'nd excluding ' f f sinking fund, : „.„ -111404.10,39 i 84 , -Actual ; &Ones • since 30111Nuretu l I !,' public debt 1 ' !.er, 1848, ' 1115A8,203 67 riot, there;has been` aid from &dons, that gni, be tailed ex ; of North Braneb ' ; *148,50000 no, 909.448 09 Wi6lll thia of me thp treso,ury ispprop traordinary, foil° Towanta.co,opteito Gnat, To arold,ll:ned If these 'ms, Treasury will be re improvements ahoy reduction oflpublic 1 4m the payment w tired the owed by the eomplet on or the stated, be added= to he actual bt aboie exhibited, tile conch:- at a very early dote,* annual rly one' tiolla'ra may be made of the public debt. imate of lb. Thwipo and aa• • at , with the *alienate of last lion is .eleer, that appropriatiata of a wade towels the Annexed i as e peuditu!ea 41 . the: • receipt et the The4ag. in:tte 4, Receipts ; Estimates 1850." for 1850. for 1851. 10.000 $16,37848 $16.000 2,000 /8,673,73 90,000 1,000 44,898,931 i 43.000 n-oro yeat,iind Lir setup., I tr t l !Ands, I A out ion Cont. Auction du its, Tax on b'k iv'tlr, 1 0,000 "on Corp'u 4t0ck5,160,000 'bailee! 'did Per aortal; emdte, 1,330,600 Kicenses, taverns 0.600 " Retailers; • • 1 .000 Pedlar., 3.000 " Brokert., 2,000 " Theatres Ste., 3.000 Bil'rirrOonts ke., 5,000 Distillery 1,500 " Eseg }tours Ste i l 5,000 " Pat. teed cited`, 3,000 Pamphlet taw., . SOO Militia Fines, 2.000 Tax on. Writs, 40.000 " oo (Mee, 2)3.000 OnCol.luhetitance2oo,ooo t011e,1,225,000, Sate of old nister'ls 15.000 Enrolment Of laws 11,000 PenthintoniClgers4o,ooo • Tax °ninon*, 1 '15.000 Inclined Plaine 1'142 0,00. Dividend* of turn pike stocks, Nicholion lends, Accrued interest,. Refunded alas, Racherts, Fees of public 0 01'01 Miscellanectue, Interest oar 3` purchased.. Foreigni neurones Agencies, ,000 1 300 #_,OQO 5.000 4,000 1 3,000 13, 5,000 =I! 300 4,438,1341 ! 4,306,000 AY,MENT3, mites ." Payson/. ; Esaiests I- MIL Ist 1850.: kr.% • WON 41.4111E71/0 744 01111 .000 1162.00011' GOO 4.050 JIM/ 1114 /3.000 22.0U0 17.27 . 91! 13,000 PubNe e'w. ref lamtersaa% • geasioffis e 40,7748 5. 43 $197,193 74 34M22 98 0,967 60 - 4. 4 t4,832 75 450,132 98 $39 3 90,394'84 . 153,87 ,141 160,000 136,4110,141 160,000 I _ 1,117.801,55 1,330,000 107,407,49 100,000 71,062;26 - 166,000 9,525:06 ; - 3,000 • 10,228 1 ,73 11,000 9,384,50, 2,500 3,0415,81 f 4,000 4.3491 ; 5,000 6,530,17 10,000 1,633,04 1 :. 3,006` 344581 bod 12.268,73 10.000 45,405;46! 45,000 14,047,211 15,00 Q 102,395,07 150,000 1,7.13,848,16 1,800.000 6,953;641, 5.000 70,270,00! 12,000 83,262,31 r 40.000 119.355,30' 120, 000 270,000,00 2 ,4 60 2 09 01 . 3,674;32 5,000 13,278,61! 5,000 " 1 1,000 3,687,10} 4,000 1,740,33", 5,000 13,721,27; 30,000 2,7t10,83! 3,000 Clasiriable-lostits'as. 80,00042.267 85 60,000 Com. Schools, 200,009 214:728 49 200.000 lawns es Lotus. 3005.000 2,094.714 51 2.005.000 illarsoties. 32,500 39.500 00 39,500 Domestic Creditor, 10,000 4.387 41 10,000 D'm'ese ou pub works2o.ooo 28.068 34 25,000 Special Comm's*, 2,000 2,554 03 2,000 State Library, 2.000 1.000 00 2.000 Public Buildings. 2,000 2.002 78 10.000 Peuitentisries, 15.000 19.283 79 15,000 House of Refuge, . 5.000 6.00000 5,000 limbo . ..sou Lauds,- 300 . . 192 75 - 300 Eeclarots, i 2.000 1,7411 53 2,00 Abate% otEksts Tax. 40,000 43,525 04 40,000 Counsel fees and - Cominiiinionera, 2.00 0 5.98115 5.000 Miscellaneous.- 5,000 8.180-44 5.000 Sinking fund Com.' • guiaataisers. 293.090 .. 318;86103 ' 250.000 inclined Plane. 970,000 90.000 N. 11. Canal. ' 150.000 ' 250,000 Renewal of ROW Notes, Expown of Rom im Com missiosers, • .$1.034.830 4.553,19375 4301,300 In the item of; expenditures for public ifupiove merits is included 5148,500 paid, to North Branch Canal and $286.446 02 to avoid inclined Plane. In the amounts received from Canal and Railroad tolls and collateial inheri•ance loess, the actual re ceipts of the last year fall short of the estimates.— It was supposed the suggestions of a former message in relation to the conveyance of passengers on the Columbia Railway would bate been favorably re garded. It is still believed that a largely incensed revenue would attend the adoption of the changes heretofore recommended. That the collateral linter- Rance tax is inefficiently and carelessly collected in some of the counties, and even when collected fre• quently retained in the hands of the officers longer than necessary, is demonstratable by the Net of the great dieproportion at the Treasury from \counties of equal ipopulation, business, and wealth. A state• moot of the amounts• received from the several counties during the last. four years, will exhibit much valuable information on the interesting ques tion of inequality of taxation in the payment of the public debt. All items of taxation applicable to the sinking fund should be required to reaeh the Trea sury quarterly under the severest penalties. A reference to the reports of the Adjutant Gener al, Auditor General, Survey.or•General, and Super intendent of Common School', :will afford detailed information of the business of their several depart. ments, and furnish views and suggestious of inter est to the general west. The.ichool system, although still imperfect, is rapidly improving in its general condition, and prom ises the, beneficial results it was designed to,accom plish. The education of the people, is the great question of the agi, and u such it cannot fail to command your earnest and enlightened efforts for its speedy and ultimate success. lb In tla competition fur trade and travel, no effort for the oft repair of the canals, and railroads of the State, ould be neg lected . The deteriorating con dition 0 - many or these works, admonish us that the system of supervision is ineffectual to secure the return .f which their Constructilvi gave confident assure ce. lo a system of divide responsibility in their . • nagement, the difficulty edidently exists.— On a ureter occasion it was suggested to divide the St • into Canal and Railway - districts, and slot to escl a Cinal Commissioner, I. whom its entire c.nitrol should be given. This Oruject is again reco mown •'ll,but'stiuuld it fall to nieet your approbstion, las the pr Won of selecting a Superintendent, to wbom ur his whole time and attention, a eonupea• sating glary stanch' be paid, and under whose eels control the public works might be placed, is worthy a con ideration. All the evils arising from l divi ded co nsels and shifting responsibilities would be avoide , ani that energy and skill in their manage ment e ctired • which cannot be expected under the presen system. It is alleged this method of supervis ion 'of 011ie works has succeeded well awl bum& ciilly n other States. - A c mmercial connection between Philadelphia and ' rope -by Stedensbips,—en enterprise truly worth the favoring regards of the whole common _ - wealt and the countenance and old of the national riser ment by - the extension of mail fseilities--the comp! tion of the great Railway commouieation now i rapid progress of construction to the navort __. b e wi Cumb varies ten of the West, the thorough repilr of the trland Valley Road, and the erection of the a lined of Railway in the valley of the Sus _ queha no, most threvran amount of trade on the r i Colo bia Railroad which will demand for neural t the et tire capacity of that thironglithre in a condi.' tion o perfect repair. Every avenue by which the trade I the %Vett, as well as that of Central and Nurt ern Pennsylvania reaches Philadelphia, ought to be pened and kept in such perfect condition as to effu all possible facility to business, for in the . . _ .. grow b and welfare of Phi ' ladelphia the entire peo ple a wild feel a lively interest, as identical with the pros city of the whole state. Whilst our internal trade is poured into our metropolis, and her local au thorit es are doing tlitir part to promote her cosh mere. it is our duty to demand from the General Bove nmeut some portion of its resources •for the cecu ty rid improvement of the harbor of the Del- Improvement of IM navigable rivers and ion of the barbing of the Ocean and Label awar prate, °uh , ta , to be no longer delayed. tis connection 1 deem it niy duty to esti your attention to the pending litigation in relation to the bridgn over the Ohio River at Wheeling, erect ed . . undor the authority of Virginia, which, it—isconfi dently asserted, puts in -jeopardy largo comlpercial eta. It has been my : care to watch the p►,i4 1333 greU of the controversy, sad to direct the proper law officer of the Commonwealth, associated with the other distinguished gentlemen who proffessionally reprebent the State, to protect these interest, be fore the judicial tribunal which bu cognisance of the case under the Constitutioo. In the various Railway projects now severally ter minating atPhiladelphis, Harrisburg, and Pittsburg, tbepie of the commonwealth ought never to lose I o with of that other great enterprise which, known as the unbury and Erie Railroad, was meant to con nect be Susquehanna, the Delaware, and the Lakes. Belli es the command of the trade of the Northern e Sets secured by its construction, it would bring into mar et for sale and settlerhont vast bodies of oaten ant and unimproved lands. and develop treasures of intxbaustible -mineral wealth Ily hue, cess tile. - T e large indebtedness of the State, a 1 the ne cess ty for its reduction, forbid the policy on her part, of e 'barking in these varionciteprovements. 1' , e‘debt of the Commonwealth was incurred in the erection of the worse which *ere largely condu cive to the mellifluent-and sale of the domain of the Uni States, aid while obi has secured no part of 'this amnion inberitence, other- Ehritel bare been libe Ily aided in the construction 4f/their internal imp Temente by donations of public lands. It is a righ on her part to demand a portion of these land. to a in the completion of the important works parr tie 4 completed ind in contemplalioo. A system of banking, based upon State stocks, istiau . proper restrictions, is recommended to the at t• . of the Legislature. It is thought that the pre at banking facilities are unequal to the wants oft. business community. Theamount of note of blinks of other States foun d Incirculation emu g our people,'ltielriaJility of the banks, with safety to their credit, to accomodate at ell times the acti e konsfide business demands of the country, and the ) rge operations in the stature of .private bank ing aity transacted on sevens terms to the borrow• er, d munstrate that increased facilities are deman ded secure a healthy-development of our resour ces. Any considerable extensiea -of the 'present cyst m is hardly. io be anticipated, nor is it defies. Me, f a more permanent basis fur such operations can devised. Free banking upon a deposits and pled st of public stocks early recommended 'itself to fare . it is not liable to sudden expansions and cunt tious—more secure from failure—less obnox ious to counterfeiting- and fraud, and offers undoubt ed security to the note holder. Should the stock re quired be the loans of the Commonwealth, it,,would appreciate their value, and also have a tendency to withdraw them from foreign countries, to which are annually sent millions of the public money to pay interest. A recall of these stocks, and the discharge of the interest to the resident citizens, would lead to the expenditure of an equal amount at home, there by affording employment to the people in the ire provlments of the State, in the erection of the ii duettist institutions, and in the various work of beau ty sed taste. If this system ia favorably regarded, a relinquishment ofa ponies of the Unmet an the mocks pledged would be &reedy advantageous. to 04 Treasury. ste T confidence felt is their security, and the dy / sire to use the relief DOilt,.wbeo kept in good con dition, justify the belief that an inns of small note, from State Inetitutieee, fivoded on a deposit of stocks, would,be highly acceptible to the people. A reference to subjects, under the control of the National Government, has long formed part of tbst annual messages of the State Executives, and the custom has found favor not only by its consommes with the peculiar relations of the States to the Gen eral Government, but in the deep solicitude felt by individual citizens in the action of the latter on ques tions of pervading en I direct interest to ell. From the resolves of their Representatives in the councils of the Suites, the opinions of the people are often well collected, and heoce your actiou is frequently of great moment. In obe.lieneP, therefore, to cus tom, and in order that the sentiments of our common cournittiency may bees erpreasion either through the Executive Messages or the action of their represen tatives. it is proper to , refer to some of those fres tioial of general' irrtereit, the diiposal of which more especially belongs to the National Govern ment. 10,000 2,500 A revison and alteration of the Revenue laws, so as to give adequate and, permanent protection, to the industry of the couutry, int demanded by the prostrate condition of the uliniug and manufacturing interests. The propriety of affording full Iprotec ticin to domestic industry, in the enactment of Tariff laws, be* been so folly discussed, that a mere refer ence to former liews, kali that Is dee med necessary at this time. Ina late effort to amend the present Tariff, its failure may be fairly attrlbated to the om , iseion of %holiest Legislature to give expre shwa to the perfectly well understood wishand expecta tions of the people. h is efonfi patty heped no /vi such omission" trill mark the co y ndu t of the present assembly. 1 A reduction in the rates of postal - tion of railway communicationert t o .the were urged heretofore as worthy of friend' , Repetition of the views then presehted is sary, as time bus only strengthened; the t of the propriety and usefulness pf the .: measure.. In relation to the extension' of • Ilavery and the duty of faithful observance of , her :`Federall obliga tions by the Cotinonwealth, the views expressed in former messages remain unchanged; There it noth ing, in my judgment, in the Inatory of the , miit, nor in the wiroinga of the future, to' stify the alma donmenv of the prleciptes, satredl ' regarieri r 'from the foundation of the State, of no -intervention , in, the domestic policy of other ctinimtinities, and of re solute determination of permitting no interference with our own.' Fidelity in the discharge of Coisstitu don't duty has distinguished'our liovernnient and people, and if an opinion exists within, or 'h'as been miscbieveously propagated beyond our hot era, that such is not the fact, it is conceived in erro of our .true history. Pennsylvania, her people, in her au thorities, always hive been loyal to the Con tittition. j e They wish it neither to be evaded nor a nded.— They will not permit it to be resisted.. 1 It has been intimated that on questions connected with the institution of Slaveri, and theoreedition of fugitives from labor, there have been indicatious of a disregard of herCoustitutiOnal :obligations. ' To the clause of ,the Constition relative ' ' to fugitives from' labor, and legislation tinder it, there ever his been in Pennsylvania, with ail het'avowed ...versos) to domestic slavery, implicit obedience. With au earnest desire that, byla free interchange elf moder ate end rational optriont i obedience to the :law may be made, not only implicit bit cheerful, itls proper to refer to some or the diticuities lit relati n to the subject now existing in the {While; Mind. I ~ The - clause in the Federal OonsAtutio' a relative is fugitives from labor inenlves, theMs proporlitions:-.- I. That involuntary service or slaV . ery ina exist in the States of the Union-by constitutionat recogni tion. 2. 'that the escape of the persona so held shall nut operate as a discharge from such 'service or labor. 3. That on the claim of the party' tio, whom 1 such service is due, there must bee rendiqoiX of the _f_ugitive.' To interfere by Legislative enatment, r'' ,her, wise to destroy, or in any way to, ffect th riilit of property recognised in the drat ropesiti te, - viljuld be a daring violation of the steer Obligati nu of the Constitution. No hawse being tin prete that by this Gmninotiwealth inch an( interferane has ever heart attempted. Whatever nay be- the f imp of the people iu opposition to tie futther ex enston of Slavery, and the consequent lucre se of a 0-repub lican and sectional representation in the National Legislature, no effort has eve been made disturb or,destroy the vested rights of citizens of of r states and when those rights may be ending b_y the escape of a slave beyond the limits et t State, where the (elation is acknoveledired, ou citizens have acted on the principle pat tio sympathy with individual sue Bring ought ever toeaken their sense of duty to the plain requireinen s of the organic law. Iti the adjustment of right* andlofncial duti.'s tin der the last proposifiOn more ittic ley nas been found to exist. By whose agency the fugitive to be giv en upl What force is to be iven to the word "claim' . as used in the Coos 'tut' u 1 Is riot the de livery of the fugitive to, be adei only thrOugh the agency of the national gov rnmeut? These bars' beeu vexed and mooted ques ions' 'The final decis ion of the Supreme Court of the United Suttee, in it wise to which Pennsylvania was 4rdide a party, and, the recent fugitive slave law gave iii judicial and te-' gislative interpretation to tb a elaitise of thei Consti- Lotion, which. cannot .beisapprehendell. Thel power and duty of enactin gt law* to carry Into ef:: feet the Constitutional dire*tioN being ruled t in Congress and in Congrpas only, any i erfe bl MRCS on the part of the Suite ashorities ' ntlittl thorized and without binding force. I If the Constioition insulin a disity to performed by twill National sad State Gov** n Ins, and seats, each with power 'over the subject.; t framers of that instrument failed to express in ',clear termsoss i other eases, the'obligation* of the panics. Ths latitude of construction reqiiired' to give 'itch pow , era to the Stale legiplatureq, would authorize the passage of laws, and the enactment of regulations, u oda every delegated power of the National Govern ment, without regsrd to the actiun or nun-action of Congress. The Government is admitted to be one of ascertained powers, hot it to be so the moment concurrent jurisdiction vests) in Stet Sovereignties. In the . prectical workings of the systemof concurrent jurisdiction; much evil would arise. Thirty-ene sovereigntien might prescribe different rules of action—each meant to make effec tive national legislation, 114 the dangers ''resulting from conflicting enactments; and the consequent de struction of bartiony and order. could not fail to *Nina the patriot. Whenever power over a subject. matter is vested by the constitution in Congress, and the power has been exercised, the authority of the States has been judicially declared, as above stated, merged and abolished. This is the rule of Jaw as well as that of conuion sense. • Ad opinion has been arpressed by men of eminent legal learning and patriotism, that legislative:action 1 on the part of the States is expedient to aid in the execution of the powers 9f the general government. In this opinion 1 cannereoncur. To admit the po sition would imply an inability on the pirt of the 'National Government a execute its po ere, and would prove destructive of the theory so ItealounlY maintained by our republican fathers, that tho Na tional and State Governments .re independent sov ereignties, each acting within its proper constitu tional sphere. j -. I It was doubtless a conviction of the soundness of the foregoing views, which induried my predecessor, Governor; Shook, to 'section the act of the 3d March, 1847. i The powerto act on the inhieet of - the e Xtradition of fugitive.slaves being thus v p red solely in t National Government, it is the sin 'duty of the it iien to submit to-its eiiactmentsi under the Cinistf tut ion. To act differeckiy would be clearly it rebel lion to Government. If the word mitten's" wai intended ehpress an ascertained fight of property to Ole of the fu- Ilitive vested in the claimant, t ug h or the dil culty surrounding the questi is settled, an d . the mere demand for the person o the fugitive Mixes his / 0 destiny, by the terms of th onstitution. His ex tradition would be determined without proof of own ership no the rt of the claimant, and without evi dence of the ntity or flight of the person claimed. i If, however, term used in the constitution, sig nifies a challenge of the property, belonging to the claimant, and withheld from him—and the enaCt meets on the subject requiring proof of right to sub steals to the claim, and the concurring decisions, of the Supreme Court, afar this meaning to the terra, then the question arises, how l and through whom, 'ball the claim be made, mad by - Arbat eviiisee sits *skied, .1 In the adoption of the proper remedy to assert this clear right. patriotic citizens may differ, and the Privilege to maintain and express that basest diver sity of opinion. must nut be impaired. To surrender , it, under violent _threats and denunciatory clamor, would be art abandonment of the deeply cherished privilege of liberty of thought apd speech. When the enuctinents of the National Congress, fail to Convince the pe iple of their justice and propriety, it is their duty to seek their muddicauon and amend- Meat.' The recently-enacted fugitive slave law, While it remains a statute, denetuds the support of eJ the citizens, and unless our written constitutions are worthless parchments, until the judiciary declare it otherwise, most be esteemed a constitutional en actment. Are its defects of such nature es to war rant the public in urging its amendment? 1 , That partof the law which authorizes the crea tion of a new and irresponsib:e tribunal under'the name of Commiesiimers, is liable to exceptiori.— Waiving the inquiry whether the Judicial puwer of t , e United States can be vested anywhere but in e i gularly;organized courts,with the records of court., there are objections of serious import to the-institu lien of this tribunal.. All history shows, that see cial tribunals clothed with dlscret.onary powers. over persons and,propeny, ere liable to abuse, and have been instruments of oppression. If in these, the early asys of the Republic, when no reason of ur gent State necessity can be invoked, powers of a high judicial nature over.the liberty and property of an individual, are to be vested by apgointmeut of an inferior tribunal, in an irresponsible person, the se curity of the life, reputation, and liberty of the cit izen, in afar-times, when new political or 'social 'emergencies may arise, will• depend out most pre- Carious tenure. The courts of the United States, Whose Judges have a pride of character, and over whom a cuntroling influence Ike - 3491ftd by thelm peachinent clause of the Constitution, should alone rhinvested with these extraordinary powers. Rath - r r than hazard the chances of illegal decisions, and e e:insequent irreparable injury of an individual, reeolts so full of danger id the peace nod good order :fit society, the Judicial power might wisely be ez• tended. If;it be deemed expedient to deny a trial by ! Jury, and (edge the adjudication of this right of property iii:the.brea.t of a single judge,.the kind of . proof respired should be indicated, and a full record pt the entire proceedings be made and preserved.— Processes issued should be returned, and the extra dition-of any colored persoe, for whose arrest a war rant had issued without hearing had before the judge 'shinild be visited with the penalties of kidnapping. 'These modifications of the law, while they could not interfere with the right 6f the owner of the fugitive, would greatly tend to satisfy the minds of citizens 1 anxiously desirous to perform their constitutional duties.' • - =I • nstrue, Pfeifle, regard. arieease eviction roixosed One other matterTermnected with Or Federal re, lilations, claims your attention. It is 'the Union of I l tbe States,iand the dangers which, are supposed to, ;threaten it lin connection with the question of Sla 11yery. .Whether Slavery be the cause or pretext of ilintidelity to the Union, and to whit precise extent Ildisaffection exists, it fs not.rny purpose "to enquire. There wasllocal disloyalty long before Slavery ¢e came the immediate source of excitement, and there llwl4l be local disloyalty long after slarety and the. questions connected with it are finally adjusted . , But be,thecause what it may, it is in vain to deny 11that the Utoon of the States is lightly and *revel.- ',anti, talkvi of in certain quarters , and made the 11 subject of heated dircussion by rash and unreflect ing men, 11 cannot 'behese, howeter, that any +led f mu design to disrupt and overthrow the Government iOde, to arty considerable extmit iu any portion of the country. The American heart revolts at the idea. , . What hi the National Union! It ie the basis of constitutional right, the guarantee of peace, the se curity of religion, the tvilwark of all law anti order. It gives the surest pledge .of protection to the i.;•- I pressed children of other lands, who, Coining from scenes of misery and discord, expect harmony and Ipeaceful refuge. It is literally "a beacon on the top of . mountain and an ensign on a bill" to the lovers of rational? liberty throighout the world. It was en emanation of the same pure spirit of conservative 1 freedom, of justice, and of truth, which conceived,. I controlled and consummated ouy revolutionary streg -1 gle. It is he perfect work of disciplined intelligence and ratio* patriotisda It is hallowed by the rich , Memories f the past, and by the consciousness that 1 its foonde a were the ravers of the Republic. It is, I sacred, as the sole remiining memersal of the en -1 lightened abora of the best Jininds of an ag ;ii.stia.- 1 visited fair its devotion to the cause of liu an rights, I the elevation of reads soc i al conditio he investi gation of political truthSl, and of revel i nary action against the dogmas and fanaticism tyrannies and 1 tyranny. 1 1 The Union of the. SWIM is ho outer and inner ' wall, whidh encircles' and gar rds the temple of our lindependence. The Uoio' alone secures to our comxtect shins ret protection on every sea, defense to our cis?a no every s , gives us a propl. name a -1 lions t i nations of • earth, and ensures tot the re ; public an enlarged nd gloriohs destiny. Itspreser -1 cation ratifies th assurance that man is capable of , selfgoverntne , and that equal rights, equal leers, and equallpf lieges, are alone the results of demo cratic ins utirms. The dissolution of the National Union ,rdiald be the beginning of civil war, the strife of se IGO, of scenes of fraternal discord. It would rai !the arm of the bondman amidst -the hor r. s of servile war; and the destruction of a race of men alone would terminatethe fearful struggle. It Would involve cinterminous States, acting as jeal ode strangers, in vexations disptites about rights of mitigation, of tribute, of transit. It would sacrifice the faith Of the nation. It would destroy the army and the navy, and with them the proud recollections of their early exploits. The trophies of thi nation 'Would bet dispersed, and the great communion 'of thought, of sentiment, and of interest, id which, for more than seventy years, we have gloried,. would be cone fored , er. LteePlylilipressed by these considerations, and se lying most confidently on the entire synipathiei of the General Assembly of a Suite which hal never known an Irstant's disloyalty to the Union,4 sol emnly protest against the utterance of rash and ill advised thoughts on a subject so dear to our constit uency, and more earnestly egainstt alt ,deliberation by meant! of conventions, or other modes or senor/, unknown to the Constitution,, and having for their object, either , the dissolution of the Union; - or Abe discussion of sectional and hazardous questiods, for the decision of whioi, the Constitution has made ample prevision. Pennsylvania venerates and cher - ishea theunimpaired institutions of our fathers. Wish the fervent prayer that Almighty Oud wi)l iidWirect , the deliberations of the General Assembly, that "peace anthappiness, truth and justice,ugh-. eon and ; piety, mithe established among us or all generatidos,' the suggestions and recommendations contained in this annual message are respectfully submitted for your consideration and action. WM. F. 3.OHINSTON. ' Exmarrivs Cnssaina. Harrireurgh, Jos. 7, )861. NEW ADVER ISEMENTS. •'rlt • DULL. /NAME to the farm of • uhmeriber in Millercek towtirhip. a V hour ilie let of'Dee , her, a what, Bull Calf,hetn ten t and year cild,ofa red color with opine white au tbebelly; 00 If LI is marks. The owner s desired tocame, prove property. par Char ges, and take it a y. *- aIIAM Milicreeh, Ja. 11, 1 9 61. ‘-stas 11121t•ir AME the premises of die subwriber .nthe borough of. Erie anHYl$ street, east of Pt tie street. • nay Horse. with • white ittripl6 thelhee. The owner is moaned to prove pw.prvtY,, pay etwrrs and take .1 away. 6131 . 01/11F SMITH. ie. haat WI. . TOUND. . voUND 6a Mb street. some Utz or Ave weeks Owe. a mat I a won Of, money. In Alito... The owner tan lustre Aby provinii progeny and min,' for tbinadeertWeineu L. MRS. ROLLAND. Erie; Jan. 4, 1951.-31.11 Corner of 4th and Pesch Ft. Vr. O. URAL*, t , W°MWhim The The public that he terehdrao pay particular W attention to Yetereny Surgery in all he various Nonent...— Ms eharres twill be reasonable. Please tall and fee. Oiler at the crie, anal Stoble,nou the waft Locher We Vatothiaoa Canal. E Aut. ds /c 44. I BIITTER! BUTT E :!-21011 lb. Ana rate Roll Hatter for sale by the bbl. tJaa. 4. lbw WM. F. ItINDLIMECIIT. 50 OUStigLag Chestnuts }art yeaelatd, on consignment. and win be void law by [DWI WM. F. RINDEn NEXIIT. AMTED.-19 bbl. Cucumber Pickles. al Ihe Mare Gr Jan 4, IE4I. D. fl. ()LARK NNW GOODIII .n. ReErVED to-thy another lot of tbooe Ono %rye's* Rawls , aiso .400 d amonotoot 0f ... 4 411 0 4 0 and other fine rx , &•at the Empires . [January 4, HIM H. CADIVELL. • Take Notion. Tnon Memo! to the subscriber ere walled to tall sodomy their respiellve occovists. os or barbell she rat day or robni ray semi. • 1 bopetbis Notice will be strictly observed by thawinte Id. HO nse!. Foo•J Jbqrt the time. !711771 JACNO0.7 at 1. Jaw. . .......... Borm. virtue . of ihe er" ra . , an eelpillae oroe, at tha s tiourt omwe lal e. si n &IL will bested hp pith tc reodue oa tba preatisee, ~ ~,,.."• utility, lb. Om