Execution of Pearson-zais Confession.
IlbsTo'N, July 20.—Pearsop, condemned
.for the
murder of his wife and two 'children, was executed
this morning, at half past 10 o'clock:. lie seemed
penitent, and after(making a full confession of his
guilt,'died without a struggler. in his speech upon
the gallows, he adjurned those who heard him, to
seek their own salvation.
The following is his own confession.
"I wish to unbertha,mrsoul,and free my consci
ence of whatever I nugTit, with all - my heart, and un
der the eye•of my Maker, who will' judge mo soon.—
I declare as follows, truly- of the death of my wife
Marthia 11. Pearson, and of thy two 'twin children,
Sarah and Lydia: 1 confess that I myself alone
took their lives, on the morning of 11th April, 1840
'between the hours of two and four o'clock. This is
the time as nearly as 1 'can recollect, and these are
the plincipal circumstances:—On the 10th of April,
1 drank ale to excess; I went to my brother Henry's
in Bromfield street; took an umbrella, kissed my
daughter Meliss, told her I was going, to Providence,
and parted then. .
1 went down Tremont street and Temple place, to
a club house, and got a pack of cards;, then I struck
over to Providence Depot and left 'them, I went to
floyleston street, and • obtained a shoe knife at a
shoemaker's; then obtained a vial of Laudanumni'
an Apothecary's, I then went to Merryman-Street.,
' and got a bottle of gin, I then went to-the Lowell '
Depot, and left in the cars forVihnineton—l think
about six,o'clock, when arrivlS'p; at Wilmington, I
'asked when the cars left fur llo,ton. In the morn
ing, answered someone, and handed me a Pathfinder.
I then left for my loise, here my wife arid two
children were living. I went over through the
woods, and stupitied with liquor, got I st. It was
it kind Providence to held me back not knowing where
I was.
When I gdt through, I loOked around for .some
andleaw my barn. -I saw a light in my house,
—I rapped on the window,—Martha cone and said
—"Who's therer —Daniel Janeswecd. She came
to the door and let the in. I sat down, and she got
me n cup of tea, mid I took supper. ' Shortly after
she retired. I set up a little "%while by the stove.—
Then went to bed with my wife. - I got up, went
out, and returned again to bed between two and four
oldlock. I did the fatal deed after the firot thrust,
•which I think did nut wound her.
About one hundred persons witnessed the execu
tion. A large crowd was collected on the outside
of the jail—somcroNOiam clambered on the roof of
the adjoining houses:lnd disturbed the funeral ex
ercises by their denionical shouts. Two well dres
sed young ladies before the prisoner left his cell,
mitered the jail yard, ascended the gallows,'and in
spected, with 'colts of great curiosity, the implimont
of execution. Several other feniales were admitted
to the jail yard, to witness the eccution. Upon the
seaflidd Pearson read his bible with great apparent
devotion. When the cap was dr'awn over, his face,
he appeared to be engaged in prayer. Ile ascended
the steps of the gallows with a firm step, and as he
waked upon the drovgave a last lot,k at the sun and
the scenes around hint. Ills body WLS tiken to
Wilmington, his native place and the scene of the
murder, fpr burial. Ile lost all hope of a reptiee
after ho had heard of the result of t•be case uf Pro
fessor Webster. •
TRAGEDY AT ELMIRA. N. Sunday after
noon, the 11tI, between two and three o'clock, our
village was thrown into a great excitement by a truly I
appalling tragedy. A man by the name of Gilbert
Brownell, Jr., who has been for some years a resi- '
dent of Cayuga county, but had a wife living ia this
village, was found on the sidewalk in Cbure6 street,
opposite tholhiptist church, with his throat cut from
ear to ear—evidedtly done by lus own hand, with a
razor, which was found near the body. It appears,
from the testiumny before the Coroner, that the de
ceased and his %%Ile had not lied together for nine
scars previous to this fatal commence; but that all
domestic dittioultiti bad very recently been settled,
and they had made ip their minds to lice as n an and
wife again in the course of a short time. The de
ceased, it is stated, was a man of strictly temperate
habits,-and some considerable property-L-15,000 or
ri2.0,000. No definite cause has been assigned for
this rash actalthough . it is generally believed
that this domestic troubles produced a temporary in
sanity—that he came to his death by his own hand.
—Elmita,(X. 14 Republican.
STI:ASIIIOAT DISASTERS ON TIM LA h ES:—Tile Coin
mittee appointed by the citizens of ClevCland to con
sider the causes of steamboat disasters on the Lakes
have made their report, frinn which we gather the
following facts: From 1830 to 1850 there were se
ven explosions on the Lakes, by which 111 lives were
lost; during the perioi between 183 G and 1850. elev
en steamboats were destroyed by fire, causing a loss
of 801 lives; from 1810 to 1850, a period of ten years
there were thirty-one collisions by steamers by which
sixty-two persons were killed.' The loss of life on
the Lakes during the last ten years, from explosion
tire kl nd collisions, a Irrni nted to 877. The Commit
tee were unaninniui in theivadoptien of a memorial
to Congress setting forth the defects in the present
system of Lake steam navigation, and in reccom
mending the passage of a law., embracing suitable
remedies.
THE REPORTED •AUDICAPION OF TICK RUS..I:4
CZAR,—Respecting this item of Intelligence, which
one of the last steamers brought us, the Aix la Cha
pelle Gazette has the following remarks:—The Pres
se, of Brum, annonnces that the Emperor Nicholas
has formally resolved to abdicate, upon the first of
December next,-in favor of his sun Cesa•rewitclt, the
heir presumptive to the crown. His majesty de
sires that his son shall ascend the throne at this
time, in order that fie may not be exposed to the
danger eChecoming a prey to makcious parties or
conspiracies tt hich Ore always formed in Russia
upon every new accession. His majesty will assist
at the councils of his on as long as he is able to
direct himself. ,To this it must be added thnt, be
fieveitig the prophecy of a Russian Monk, the Pee
ple tap persuaded that no sovereign can'reign more
than twenty the years under pain of meeting a vi
olent death. In *hurt it appears that the Emperor
Nicholas has followed the expression of a desire to
enjoy the sweets of private life, and that ha has
said recently to a person of distinction—"these af
fairs are for the young people, who assume•, .after
me, the reigns of Government, to settle similar dif
ficulties, which must meet a prompt solution."
TnnTonTuovnsu CLAol.s.—.Amon g the claims
against Portugal, made by our goi•crnrnent, is one
fur the privateer General Armstrong, captured at
by the British, in 1811. The event
made e great noiso at the time, the defence having
been heroic to the last degree. The Armstrong
was lying in that port, when a British cruiser, ac
cumpanied by a frigate, entered the harbor, and the
`same night endeavored to cut her out; but the boats
were repelle4 by the privateer's crew. Another at
., tack was niade, at inidnig„hr; no less than fourteen
launches participating in it; but this was also repel
led, the British losing three boats, in ono of which
were fifty men, offwhom hut a single one'was saved.
In all the enemy lust NO killed. The next morning
despairing of further defence, fur the British, now
hauled ona of their ships up eldso to the Arm
strong, the Americans abandoned their brig,
when the fee burned her. As all this took'place
within half a gable's length of the Portuguese
fort, the claim for indemnification is just, as the au
thorities at loyal ought to have protected the. Arm
strong.
HOltalltlat AFIrAllt•••••AiliftlIRII AND_ Surcinn.—A
Philadelphia paper thirties the following horrible
tragedy: Joel Wilson, u middle aged man, of Burling
ton co., and not in very good repute, left home and
was gone a considerable time. Not lung sihce he
returned, and to all amarances, was as gay and
talkative sstusual, until Sunday, when he assumed
a disposition to be alone and avoided conversation.
In this mood he went into the hodse, took his razor
mid commenced shareening it, with the intention of
shaving. After he finished. he seated himself on the
floor, where a little child °Ellis daughter's was play
ing, and,,t4ing it into his arms, deliberately cut
itat hroat talon ear to ear; then, throwing it from him,
destroyed his own.life by inflicting a similar wound
in his own-throat! This is a cold and horrible oc
currence; but its enortnity s is increased ten-fold when
we consider the lamentable fact that the innocent
little prattler whom he murdered was his .12.14 . n chili,
the illicit offspring of his own wickedness! What
is human nature whe? loft to itself! Thus the in
, nocdrit sullbr for the crime§ of others.
Q :7- An or - atnr at a political meetin. thundered,
f,rth this "noble •sentiment":—"'lSlr Chairman
if I was a Siankac twin, and my brother was on the
giber side, I'd cut the macs! olI." (Overwilehning
• Melancholy Death.
FOUND DRAD.—A young woman whose 'name has
been asertained to be Margaret Ann Thornton, who
arrived in this city by the morning train' from Buf
falo, on Wednesday, and had taken lodgings at the
Delavan House-r-was found dead'in her bed yeator
day afternoon. •
Yesterday morning the deceased sent for a bottle
of chloroform, and having obtained it, retireilto her
room and it appears bolted the door. The circum
stance that the door was fastened inside did not oc
casien any suspicion on the part of the chamber
laid, as that is a matter of frequent oce trreoco at
that house, where persons after riding all night-of
ten retire lor rest during the day.—Not making her
appearance as late as 2 o'clock in the afternuonyeus-'
picions were excited that all was not right, .and the
door was forced open, and she was found dead, with
every indication of having taken an over dose of
chloroform: and from the medicine found in her
room, it is supposed that it was taken to allay pain
—either the eifect of disease or of the drugs she had
before taken.—Such we understand, was the result
of a post moment examination before the Coroner's
Jury yesterday.
The deceased- was on her way from Jackso ,
Miss., where she has had charge a 3 Principal of a
Pomale Academy, to her home at Thornton's Ferry,
in New Hampshire. tier connections are of the
highest respectability in Mew Hampshire, ns the
letters of introduction found in her trunk, show. It
is alsa ascertained 'that the was the grand-daughter
of Mathew Thornton, one of the signers of the Dec
laration.
- Thus died among strangers, under circumstan
ces as mysterious as they arc melancholy, unattended
by any one—for she travelled alone—a young wo
man of education and many accomplishments.
The intelligence of her death and the manner rit
it, must come with terrible weight to the ears of ;:e
-'wives and friends .—pllbuny drgus.
A number of I tern werolound in hive room, but
hone indicatin premediated suicide-. Among them
were letters reaumendation fror, the most eniment
men in N Ilatnpsilife, one `...-om `her mother, of
art affect' mate character, tun' others from friends
indicatin a strong alree'don for the deceased. The
impression is that ltiv: death was not the result of
premeditation, but of accident from inhaling an ex
cessive quantity ,14 chloroform. Drs. Swinburn
and Salisbury we-,e entrusted with a post mortem
examination of :no body, and are to report to the Jury
at 3 ci,clocls.--If any new facts transpire, we shall
give them in our second edition.—[-Ilbany Eve.
-Jour.
Peon Slavery
.TheOittiond Enquirer is showing up the way
the free soil leaders have been hoaxed by the New
Mexicans, and the ridicufbus contrast presented by
the appeal of Jolts VAS' lionu.x and his associates,
in favor of a territory, which they desire to see erec
ted into a State "instanter," Lto save it from slavery,
and the peon slavery long established by the people,
and sustained in the Constitution formed for the new
"Stale." Referring to the lute me ting in, Herki
mer county, New York, where Ex 43 nutor Dix made
a furious tree null speech, the Enq tirer quotes and
laughs at the following verdant resolution there
adopted:
Itrsu!ved, That in Order to Prot et New Mexico
from all further ellbrts to extend s nvery over her
inhabitants', we are in favor of her ialatissiun as a
Slate, or her organization as a territory, making
that c/misa of her constituti in prohibiting slavery,
a purl of the fatatamental law of her organiza
tion.
The same paper quot 6 the extract given by us on
We Inesday, :doming ihit peon or whito e sla ery was
voided for in the (Institutinn hero applauded by
thu f ree soile / rs. In order let tho reader see what
kind of slavery peon slavery is, we copy as follows
from a letter from Santa Fe,'Llated Juno 12, 1850,
published in dm Ohio B.:alcsin extri.c7ts
'mod no cmmentary:
• , 3y the xi) y first °ppm (unity, I rend you the con
stitution of New Mexico.' Some excitement exists
in the country in relation to the c)ming election
provided by it. The same people, who, lets than
fifteen years ago, cut off the head of one Governbr,
and kicked it through the streets—cut off the hands,
plucked out the eyes, mid tore out the tongues of
ether State otiLers—Are voters uulcr a its provi
sions. •
You will see under the article— leclaration . .!.4
rights'—that the peon system of slavery is fully re
cognize", whatever may bc said in the address to the
people of the contrary. * •
The way it works here is this: I know an able bo
died man, who, eighteen yours ago, was hired by a
rich man as a pasturer. On accounting for the sheep
pot in WS charge, he returned the proper number; but
in the mixture of fliiiks oti the mountains, a few
had been exchanged for ot tiers saidto be of less valoc,
Ile was taken bekore nn alcalde, who assessed dama
ges of ten dollargsvainst him, for which he became
a peon eighteen years, and finds his debt run up to
fifty dollars."
Still further light is thrown on peon slavery by
the following letter from Engle Pass, on the 'Rio
Grande:
"Anybody of the working class can be sold for
lick in Mexico; and these peons, receive the worst
fare and the hardest treAtment of any slaves on this
continei.t. IVhen they get this side of the river they
should be free, but are often too timid ant ignorant
(especially the women) to avail themselves of the
fact.
"They arc a (Mier, respectful, well spolten race,
subject to inure exec ions, awl requireing fewer coin
'forts than our negrues. Their sad, downcast air is
in stranze contrast with the ever cheerful' bueyance
of the blacks; even their singing has the wail of
death In its sluw,,tnelanchuly notes."
R LR . OAI; Accom:vrs. - -Levi Gibson, of NV bit
itr, was instantly killed near Bartnnaville. Vt., by
being knocked (Cum the top of a freight train, on the
Rutland Railway, while passing a bridge. Loyal
M. Gibson, a nephew of deceased, was - killed a few
weeks ago in a similar manner.
In Stanford, Con., on Saturday, a New York gen•
tleman an.l lady, returning in a carriage from Dsri
en, Where their son is at schtiol, wore thrown to the
grouned by collision with an extra railroad train—
the lady - was instantly killed.—She was Mrs. Blake,
and the gentleman was her step father, Mr. Ilunt,
who was badly injured.
Mr. Sanford Smith, of Erie county in this State,
whilst going to Johnstown, on the Portage Railroad,
jumped of the tendcr and fell under the passenger
cars which were attached, they running over his
legs, bruising , and mangling them in a terrible man=
Der, faorn winch he died in about three hours after
.
wards.
• •
Ile was brought to liollidaysburgh the next eve
ning, and there followed to the grave.
Franklin Ruff, breaksman on the passenger cars
attached, :occupied a place near Mr. Smith, and
jumped almost simultaneously with him from the
tender, and fell under the car. tie had ono of his
legs run over, bruising and injuring it in a sad man
ner.
SOUTH CAiIOUNA VA. SOUTH Cittoun - A,—Mr.
Rhett, of South Carolina, threatens to unfurl the
banner of disunion, to protect the interests of his
State. The Union, to him, is of no value. Let us
see, says the Baltimore Clipper, what estimate was
placed upon it a few years since by a more gifted
sun of that State, Mr. McDuffie. That gentleman
SUM*
"The Union prevents us frUill wasting and destroy
ing one another. It preserves relations of peace
among communities, Which,' if brtiken into separate
nations, would be arrayed against one another in per
petual, merciless and ruinous war. It, indeed, con
tributes to our defence against foreign States, but,
still more, it defends us from one another. For our
selve, we fear that, bloody and mournful as human
history is, a sadder page than has ever been written
might record the sutrerings of this country, should
we divide ourselves into separate communities. IVe
fear that our country, in case of disunion, would ho
broken into communities, which would cherish to
wards one another singularly fierce and ,implacable
enmities."
This, adds the same paper, is the language of pa
iriotistn and common sense.' Mr. McDutile clearly
foresaw the evils which would result from disunion,
and lie calls upon hie countrymen to ; avoid them,
whilst Mr. Men urges them on to their own ruin.
Wo:qnnurnr, Co:vonseßNSlON.—Tho Washington
correspondent of
_the North American, in his lust
letter says:
"I cheerfully acquiesce in thoorganization of Mr.
Pillmore's Cabinet."
Nominated by. the Presipertt, confirmed by tho
tAenato and "acquiesced in" by "Independaut!"
Surely the Cabinet is ail right.
The Great Salt Lake Country.
A SOLID FIRLD OF SALT TOR lilmns.---Captain
Standsbury, who was sent out tin the aeason of 1849
to make a military iTeonnoisance of t e salt lake re
gion, has transmitted very interentin despatches to
Washington, from which the 'meth enter makes
some extracts. His chief object was to make an
exploration of the west side of the Great Salt Lake,
which had never before been done. Cul. Fremont
and all other explorers, baro traversed on the eastern
quarters of an inch. A strip of some three *,,flea in
width had been previously crossed, but'.; was not
thick,,or hard enough to prove it tho' animals from
sinking through into the mild a "t(very step. The
salt in the solid field was pesP.ct crystalized, and
where it had not become tr:ted wi h the soil, was as
white and line a.i the.fr:st specime siaf Saline table
t
salt • Nome of i, tr.as collected an resolved.
After crossint the field of salt w-• struck upon a
fine little wean of running waver, with plenty of
1 grass, 10' 4( at the foot of a • ran, of mountains
whir', seemsdo form the western bo indary .of the
ir''.itnediate vtillev of the lake. Ilere-,w were obliged
to halt fur several days, to give our 'an mals on op
portunity to recruit. The latter part of the desert
was about 70 miles in extent, and was assed in two
days, by prolon,giro , our marches fir i do thentight.
Had we nut found grass and water lidway of his
barren Waste,,b.all animals and me' must have per
ished.
"We Itere, as I have every re r
first party of white men that c r
king the,entire circuit of th
understand that- it was o r
canoes, 41 early times, b
of beaver, but nu ottetn;
misfit!.
"Prom the knowled e gained by this expedition,
lam of opinion that•t e size of the lake has been"
much exaggerated, and from o t ) ;,ervation and m in i
l have learned from th • MONWIni, who have made
one or two excur-'ims upon it in a small sk(ll',4 am
introduced to hq ieve that its depth has been much
overrated. ' hat it has no outlet is now (remon
strated bey ud doubt; and I am convinced from
whikt I ha e seen, that it cati never be of the slighti
eat (iv fy r the purpose of nav)gation. The water,
fur mile's out from the shore, wherever 1 have seen
it, is but a few inches in depth; and if there be any
deep water it must be in the middle. The I , tall
rit.er, or the Juran as the Mormons call it, is alto
gether too crooked and too insignificant to he of any
use commercially. The greatest deptll'of the Utah,
Like that we have found is sixteen feet; so that
for the purposes of a connected line of navigation
neither the river nor the lake can be of the 'slightest
utility. Such at least is my present impr..(ssion.
Further exsmination of Salt Lake may, perhaps,
.modify this opinion with regard to the latter. ;Die
river connecting these two lakes is IS miles in
length,"
For onolnindred rind . fifty miles they could not
get o droo of fresh tinter. They had to carry wa
ter fur their animals in - initia'ralitiev-dogs. flat
they not struck this little stream, beyeild the salt
field, they must all have perrished. Tile journey
waS made in the month of October lust.
. RED REPUnhic Vsilsli IN Bo :roN.--11. seems, from
a very private an l c otaidenti.ll cirular issued by T.
P. Lawrence, and sent round to his particular Inc rid•
which circular has b..en publi-died in the New York
an 1 rosten papers, th it the while cause of troub e
between hilwielf and Saillc Aon, , his wife, grew out
of 110 fact that site w.l-; a Red llepabiktm, and t h e
would be aristrocrat. Salta, appeared*in rouge aud
calico at the grand sorice at 11nn. Abbott Lawren
ce's. liar husband concei‘e I himself *scandalized
and disgractd, and hence their estrangement anl
sop iration. Lt our view, the exposure was the
di-graceful part of the whole matter. ,The rouge
wai a harmless color that could easily have
been rubbed ofT, but the color which he has given. to
this whole transaction will be an Oodaring stain Eiden
his character as a gentleman.
A CAPITAL TomATo 11.f:cum.—The fullowiTT has
been handed toms the recipe of a good hoose.-wife
fur preserving or' , curing" tomatoes so effectually
that they may be brought out any time between the
seasons " good as new" with precisely the flavor of
the origioal article. Get sound tomatoe., peel them,
and prepare just the manner time as for cooking,
squeeze them lino as possible, inf,t them in a kettle,
bring them to a buil, season them with pepper and
salt; then put them in stone jugs, taken .directly
from water in which thev(the jugs) have been boiled.
Seal the jogs immediately, and heed them in a cool
place.
['florins, It WunsTsm.—lt is nut the le cr singular
fact, among all the dircumstances of this alldir, that
Webster has nut yet resigned his "Ewing Professor.
ship of chemestry and mineralogy" in Ifarvard Uni
versity; neither has he beet, removed, nor has anoth
er been appointed in his place—zonseqttently he is
still a full professor, and it is a full professor, in the
first seminary of learning in the United States, who
will be executed on Friday, August 10th, unless he
anticipates his doom by suicide.—Roston Times.
. .
fr i -- A singular bird, resembling what is repre
sented by And Mon, as the •' Ceiestial.Dove," was
caught near Carthage yesterday. Its wings are a
bright scarlet, its b.nly white, and its neck a beau
tiful sky blue. It, is tilijut the size of an ordinary
chicken, and gives utterance to notes, the sweetness
of which we have never heard. equalled. It has
been purchase I by Mr. TaAnan, of Loui6villo.=
Cincinnati Cowrie rein!.
MAgSACRES er CANNIBAL4.—We gather, from the
`Hobart Town Herald, that the natives have massa
cred various parties of seamen touching at the San
dal Wood islands. A
_fishing 'establishment, near
New Caledonia, had been driven away or massacred
and there was also reams to believe that the French
missionaries at Vengin and sharela tdmilar fate.—
The Mary Cutter, [ILI been attack Li by the natives!
at lialade. "They c.,aked the bodies of the captain
and crew ashore, and ate them, after which they ,
burnt the vessel to the water's edge." A boats crew'
from the Rover's Bridge had also been murdered at
Etl r.
SITASIIIIAT CASE/ turms TIIII WEST .-.-The
Louis Union publishes a long catalogue of the
steamers to which serious accident has happened in
the IVestern waters during the half-year ending
July 1, 1850. The results exhibited aro calculated
to give rise to serious reflection. The aggregate is
67; and some others probably overlooked. The loss
of life by these accidents was nearly Five 'Hundred
and Fifty; 542 are positivsly accounted for, and oth
ers believed to have been lost who:o names and re
sidence remain unascertained.
Noll Tom EWING.--Turn Ewing is an unfortunate
man! lle was in thentrrison Csbinot, but before
he had warmed his seat, or get his arm into the
Treasury above his el:tows, received his ~p aperb"
from Tyler. .Ife was called into the cabinet of Tay
lor, and now, poor man, when he has got hie arms
into the Treasury, up to.his shoulders, and has re
ceived soma c 40,000 the teat has been taken -from
him again. Oh! solitude!
A Rammay.—Old gents Cut this out and paste it
in your hat. The Knickerbocker says: The only
way to cure a boy of staying out nights is to break
his legs or else get the'calico ho runs with to do the
housework.
07' A spoonful of horseradish put into a pan of
milk will preserve tee milk sweet for several days
either in the open air or cellar, while other milk will
turn.
lEr %WassTim to Ewing., ou his going out of tho cabi
net—
"Oh, Safi/mite where are the charms,
That sages have seen in thy face?"
Ewing to Webster on his coaling in—
• Better dwell in the nalihit of alarms
Thal reign in this hurrible placer,
A Philadelphia paper •speaks of the ' telepaph
wires as “derunged.' They do sometimes appear
to be partially insane. ,
..e)
IA 5
be)
lit,
ion to believe, the
/er succeeded in ma
alto by land. 1 have
ze circumnavigated by
R nl@ trappers in sea re!)
by laud has ever been sue-
((iiL `l . eiltill__ ,Iyarti..o.
IMO
S:YrUitrAy • MORNING, UGUST 3. Ina
- - -
DEMOCRATIC NO 'I'I:NATIONS.
,
P
CANAL COI9I.ISIGNER,
W. T. MQRISON, ' f Montgomery.
i
VII. E l)
AUDITOR G ! NERAI4
EPIIRAIM BANKS, of Mifflin.
SURVEYOR GENERAL,
3. P. BRAWLEY, of Crawford.
irf wo ttro under obligati us to W. A. G tlbraith, Eig.
a ruP :ober of the Coroner's nquest, for our ropoLt of the
evidence.
United' States Senator.
We see that ouvcotemporaries of the Bedford Gaun t
and Pittsburgh I'r7st, have declared their preference for
Cul. Wiirsos M'Cssur.i.ss., of Pittsburgh,. for tho lima
United Stases Senator/ of Pennsylvania. They sic it
Is conceded that the N!!b'est is mitilled to the candidate,
and that there is no on politic:lll4 or personally, either in i
the East or iu the W st. whose election "would relfect
more credit upon th commonwealth." We certainly
bitve lie hesitation 11 endorsing all this, fur Col. INPClan
(Bess is untinentlyt orthy of the entire confidence of the
Democracy of the Keystone. and should lie be elected
will fill the station to the satisfaction and credit of his
constituents; but then, is it not entirely to mu ly to agit.to
the claims and ualifications of candidates? Rather let
us elect a me rity of the Legislature first. Let us be
certain that w ' can elect a Democrat nt all., and then we
will be limn urgiag the nomination of Col. McCand
/
less es earnestly us our cotemporaries of the Pos.: mid
Gazette. Whoa success crowns our efforts this fall, and
the flag of the Democracy waves in triumph over the
State Capitol in, spite of 1110 infamous , apportionment
bill of the last session. then, gentlemen, call upon our
services, and wo will honor the draft with pleasure:
Galphin Patriotism
The Boston Post well remarks that tho patriuti.mt of
the Clalphin cabinet is exhibited in their refusal to retain
taco fur a few days to enable the President sufficient Limo
to select his advisers. No—they cared nothing about the
exigency—the interost of the country which required
consultation and deliberation in filling the departmens—
they had got all they could expect. nod, influenced by
the snine selfishness which has marked their whole career
would not even unlock a traveling trunk to oblige the
President or to render a service to the nation! Wo repeat
that we have before said, via: that never did a cabinet
leave taco so universally tepruba ted as did the gentle
men who suirounded the late President.
A Contrast
The frindon, Times says: "tinder onlinaly
stances, an English laborer has no mot° pro.pect of be
coming a.proprietur than he hay of acquiring a king.lont.
Even if ho should save the incrediblu soul of five hun
dred or a thousand pounds sterling, be is as fur cans ev
er." What a contrast dues thi's confession present when
compared with the actual statq'ortholaborer in this coun
try. Ilere almost every laborer is a "pi uprietur"—for a
few hundred dollarn, which every ono can cam in a year
or two, the !molest can bet:unto a "proprietor," and till
his own sdil. Nu lando.l or titled arintderdt,—no ptirse
pmuil son of thin merchaat or twitidfacadring prince, or
potentato of thu "cstabl.shod church," can lord it over a
ul UL in this country'. The boundless welt in open to till,
inviting all to wealth and fiefdom. Why this cottna•l?
why' thin dacronco in the social condition of the people
of the two countries? We speak the same Itinguago,
worship at the sa:::o shrine, and partake of the sumo
physical and mental conformation! The solution to the
question can bo found in the differentia of government of
the two countries. r Bdt upon thin point let an Englishman
himself speak— JOHN Binctir, nu -English radical and
reformer, the friend of Cobden. in a speech recently, at
Manchester, in referring to this country. said:
"Now, look; this republic has existed 70 years—pea.
ple said it Mould not eaist seventy months. It hue had,
in ell that time, about 1 years of war. It has no nation
al debt. L iier,,..j There is just now sonic four mullions
of deticiencv, the meaus,of paving oil which are to be
provided. They do not incur a debt without taking steps
to pay it till. But from 1792 to 1815, a period of: :1
years. under your glorious constitution, with your hered
itary House of Lords, with the Commons, representing
tho lords and not the people [cheers] tve added to our
national debt more t h an J. 50,000,000. [Shaine.] In
America they have few taxes compared with what we
have; they Wave not the interest of that enormous debt to
pay; and titer have not an enormous standing army and
a fleet to scour every sea, and to bully and insult on ev
ery coast. [Cheers.] They hive au army no greater
than wo pay for in Canady at this moment; and, there
fore, they ore free from the, interest of that debt, and free
from the vast amount of .118.000,000, which wo pay an
nually for our peace armaments. And bear in mind,
,that although 8 or 10 millions per annum are not entiust
,ed to a favored sect l'or the purpose of instructing tho peo
ple in morality and religion-omo is tio evidence to
'thaw that the people of the United States arc not at least
as moral and religious and much baler educated, that the
people of this country are. [Cheers.] And they laro
1
loss pal/per/girt and less crime than tee &ice.; and hey
have less of that whicltia a standing disgrace to the con
stitution of England—they have less of insarreclion."
This, from the mouth of ono Englishman contrasts
beautifully with our text from the mouth of 'another.
"Not a particle of Ropritation."
Tho Bedford Gazette says that while tho old Cabinet
"leaves the Capitol utterly despised by the whole coun
try," the '•now ono has not a particle of reputation." Su
fur as the old Cabinet is concerned, we agree with the
Gazette, but is'nt it "spreading it on pretty thick" to say
that the now dynatty "has not a particle of reputation?"
Tom Corwin, for instance:— is not his reputation wide
spread, world reknowned? In all Mexico no man stands
higher in the directions of the people! In all the Union
no ono is better known, or has such a reputation! Ju
dos and Arnold' carved for themselve a "reputation"
which bids fair to transmit their names down to the ro
t:lt...test generation! And who shall deny Tom L.Ollllll
the moo priviledge? Nut we, cortahay—"welcome"
rather, "bloody hands" and a "hovitable grave."—
Don't say, then, that the Cabinet has'nt a "reputation,',
for it has, and Tom Corwin furnished it!
How the Tariff Rains the Country.
We see it stated in our exchanges that the immigrants
Irani Europe, who have reached New York lately, have
all been engaged by the fanners iu the interior, and the
supply, it is said, is not equal to the demand. Contracts
have been made, fur some days past, by tho farmers of
the Middle States, fur the berries-of immigrants, it is
said, at $l5 each per month. How the laborer is ruined,
isn't he?
Presidential Organs.
Tho Tribune hopes, and our neighbor of the Gazale
echoes it, that President Fillmore will conclude to have
no special newspaper organ at the seat of government.
That paper says that a President who does his duty has
no need of a mothpicco of this character, but will find
or defenders among the people. TrUo enough;
but wo fear the Tribune's advice will not be heeded. It
will be hard to dispeatio with a policy that has had the
sanction of newly all the Presidents of the Republic.
Whoa you aro asked to hold the baby, trot it hard,
pinch it. and mako facos at it whoa the mother is not
hooking. You will soon be relieved of the precious
charge.—Cr.
Thu individual who gives the above advice, &serves
to he smothered iu pap.— btacastcrian.
Or wade a pap-a without bcnifit t!f . Clergy.
Wo soo that out friend thaws has got back to his
old stand, tho Keystone Saloon, and is as rowdy as ever
to wait upon customers. With other chaugos for the
bettor ho has chcinged. the name, and now calls it tho
"Queen City." but strange to lie is still lb want of
change. Those, therefore, wit(' are tired of currying
about their small change, can find au excellent opportu 7
uity of disposing of it by giving him a call.
AWFUL
,STEAMBOAT DISASTER!!
The Steamer America blown up—Another bac-
riflee of Life
Wo arc called upon to record another appalling Ledo
idisaster: The Stemmer America, captain Squires, ono
l Oithe Sandusky lino on her way down on .Wedi3sday
morning ht about ono o'clock, a few miles below Illarce
lona. was blown
.up by the explosion of olio of her Wit
era, The Captain was not on board at the Limo, but the
owner, Mr. Phillips, was. She was brought into this port
by tho Alabama about-10 o'clock. She had on board t3O
or DO passengers. ond,tho crow amounted to 25 or 3J
The explosion must havit been awful. un tho duck above
is literally riddled to itieces;• and how there were so few
lives lost, is rather a wonder than otherwise. The num
ber lost cannot be correctly 'ascertained, but the killed
and wounded, and those who jumped *overboard, will not
vary much front thirty! - ~ I
We had hoped when the awl& disaster of the Griffith
bad been recorded, that our task in 'that lino had ended
for the-season: But it was - a vain hope: No warning,
it appears, let it assume whatever shape it May, p terilic
enough to deter some men from endangering the lives of
the traveling public. It is useless to tell ua that buileri
explode without cause, and yet were we to bel:evo the
testimony elicited before tho Coroner's ingest on Wed
nesday, (to Int found below,)l it would appear that the
America blur up,: and no ono connected with the boat
was atoll to blame(—that, in fact, it was purely an acci
dent, which could libt ho avoidvl: We say that such
1
accidents do not occur! There is gross carelessness, or
n premeditated trifling with human life somewhere, that
is certain! Whether such fact can be arrived at judi
chilly is another thing—men won't criminate themselves,
and until they do steamboats will continuo to blow up
1 and burn up, and the public will be none thu wiser as to
the cause.
The following is a list of the dead. all hands en the
boat:
Charles Putter, 3 , 1 Engineer.
James Kinklin, Factual
Michael\an
M'Cocklim
William Brown, Waiter.
One, name Out known. ,
Thu following is a list of the injured as fully as we ale
üblu to obtain it:
Alichael Ilro,4gcrty.l3ofnlo, severely.-
11lichael O'Connor, Providence, IC. 1., qtr) hevytel.
Since dead.
Patrick 'Welch, BuMilo, severely. Since dead.
W. 11. Burnett, Ballston Springs, N. Y.; slightly.
Joseph Stanchtt Durham, Conn., died on Wednesday
and was buried by the I. 0. of 0. F.
• Patrick Hawley, Cleveland, severely. -
Archibald Lintd>ey, Michigan, severely. •
Pattiek licitly, Buffalo, severely.
Jerry O'Connor, wife and five chileren, county Kerry,
Ireland, wife and two children severely.
Timothy Luce, Ohio, severely.
James Murphy, Boston, Severely. S:nceJlead.
Thomas Frisbee, - Buffalo, seven ly. Since dead.
D Rutusey, Westfield, severely.
J. Dua•uing, Jr. Albany, sligthly.
Richaid Retnlhck, Columbuq, C. W., severely.
Peter 11oaberry, since dead, residence net known.
Too much praise cannot he a•.vardu.l to oar Physicians
and a number of Ladies who promptly repaired to the
boat and dressed the wounds and ministered to the com
fort of the unfortunate survivors - . They seen tit truth
the good samaratin to many—the conitot ter amid helper
in time ol• need—and the remembrance of their luudties ir
and attention tsill be long remembered by those they
served, as well as by their CAN a approving conscience.
Ott Wednesday afternon S. la. Fest i,ll. Cmoner
of Erie counly,,empanneled ajury and proceeded to hold
an inquest. Tho jury consisted of C. W. Kelso, Win.
A. Galbraith, John 11. Walker, 101 l a L iw, Daniel Dob
bins, Thos. Dillon, S. M. Smith, J. W. Wetmore, Fred.
Sennett; Iteuj. Coat, S. M. Carpenter, and Robert
Cochran. The Coroner and Jury
.after the boat
at Reed's wharf, and taking t h e testimony of James
Murphy, adjourned to the Reed where the bal
ance of the following testimony was takeut
James Murphy (lying on board tho boat badly scalded,)
sworn. I have been a deck hand on board tho boat for
two weeks, At tho time of the explosion 1 was coining
up the ladder, from the hold, and was half way up; just
beforo the explosion heard tho 2nd engineer say tha t
steam -was going down; I heard the lit engineer can
yesterday, that tho boat must bo laid tip and have her
boilers repo:red. About 11 or 12 o'clock yesterday, (the
day beforo" the explosion) the lot engineer came forward
and looking down the hold at the boilers said,"by
C—t she will blow up this time."! At another time du
ring the daS• ho said the boat was "going it"—said, it is
easy to raid 4 steam to day; this Was coining out of San
dusky; board Tom, a fireman!, say (lint the boiler was
broken and leakilig; 1 intended leaving the boat 9/011, ae
it was said cliolo4, was on board.
John I'. Phillips sworn. I urn tho sole owner of the
steamer America; she has run two seasons before this;
she was built nt Port Iluron, Michigan; machinery all
new; the engine was built at Cincinnati; It was inspect
ed this year at Cleveland, and certificate given of its fit
ness for use; Inspector's report was, that tho engine was
of the very best; 1 Wave spent much'money in getting
perfect machinery. Tho Captain was siert at Cleveland
sick; laid over about two weeks ago at Pull'alo, to have
i
boilers regained; had ,a patch put on: 1 was n bed at
the time of the accident; have heard no complaints from
the Engineers of use boiler being unsafe, before spoken
of; 1 got on at Cleveland; 1 talked with the Engineer
yesterday about soma , repairs„ that he said were
necessary at the back of the boilers; and concluded to
lay over a trip at Buffalo and repair. The boat is well
provided with supply pumps; a:ways considered the boat
.safe carrying Ni.) lbs. of slam; gonorally carried about
100; were making ilium' speed at the time of explosion,
about 12 Hides an hour. Nothing was said about urging
the boat last night;something has beensaid , about the boat
being slow, but wo have had uo difficulty in 'making
good time; boat carried U. S. mail bot . ween Buffalo and
Sandusky; have not missed connection but a few times
this season; not as often as other boats; boat left Fair
port about 5 o'clock P. M. Accident occurred about 1
o'clock A. M.; dont know exactly where the boat was
when the accident occurred; dock hands will know;—
know of no reasen for Captain leaving at Cleveland oth
er than that stated; I askod him if tho boat was all right,
Ito said it was.
John Shooks sworn. I have been actingas chief mate
on board the America; after the captain left f had charge:
have been on her since the 10th of April. We left San
dusky at live minutes past 8 o'clock yesterday;
, stopped
at Cleveland and at Fairport; no particular examination
was made of the engine at Sandusky more than' usual;
we generally cleaned up boilers and engine at Sauusky;
about three weeks ago, the engineer mentioned tl)at a
place on ono of the boilers needed repairs, and this boat
was accordingly laid up and repaired. Capt. Squires
told me yesterday, that he intended to lay over ono trip
and have the boilers repaired, as there were some leaks,
in the after ends of them; he said nothing about the boat
being dangerous; the repairs could bo made a Cleveland;
the Captain was ill of billidus cholic was the rcasou of
his stopping at Cleveland; cant say how long it would
kayo taken to make the necessary repairs; the boat was
going faster yesterday than usual, somewhat, as the boil
ers wore clean; wo usually go faster on Tuesday than
on other days, as the boilers are cleaned on Monday while
in Sandusky; boat is well supplied with supply pumps;
1 was on dock 'by the pilot house and in front of it when
the explosion tusk Place; heard no orders given to in
crease speed; was going at ordinary speed; the boat is
about Anedium as to sliced; averages about 1:1 miles an
hour; was going at about that rate; there were n many
passengers-v*l board, not so many us . usutdfor th t da :;
don't think the boilers could have been repaired at an -
dusky. When . the explosion took place saw steam come
up through decks; dont think the boat took fire slightly
however, if at all; the engine was got ready in case of
her being on fire; it happened from Ahree to five miles
below Barcelona; kimmediately ordered wheelstnan to
port helm so that the.stotim would -blow through 'the
boat sideways; left Fairport 3 o'clock, ran about 103
miles before oxplosion.wlitch was about 1 o'clock; ttutd
are two ongiaes on the boat, both uninjured
Chauncey Irou?Jeff swot'. I Imo boon 2d tnato on
gni America this sOlson, tho whole of it; was on board
at the time of the a c cident; eho wee thoroughly over
hauled and repaired la.st spring; there is every facility at
Cleveland for repairs, boats and their engines; 'heard the
°Moors of tho boat say th it sho was to bo laid oror
pairs soon; understood her boilers needed repairs; f was ,
usleep in my room when the accident took ' , Lice; retira:
shindy before the necidont occurred; sho was going ai a
regular speed, about 12 to 13 miles an hour; never Ityrd
any of the onginoefs say that the bo;lers were unsafe
the water was bloWn out at Sandusky as utual, and boil
ors cleaned; believe it . was.2d engineei who had chargo
wlicn explosion took place; wereuliug, wood and coal
mixed.
J. li. 'Thorpe sworn. lam first engineer of the A
merica; have been ou her in that cap dty since }born.
ary lot; I am a p r ofessed ong:neer; l thanes always been
my bu , inesc.; I was on tlio river previous to my coming
to the 11lies. I considered the boilers safe; the:e uero
few leaks, but that is not an uncommnt
the boilers wcro thoronelly exaMitted at Sandusky
as I trust thlt duty to no one else; cleared the
boilers out; I considered them safe; but on Tuesd
morning. I mentioned to Capt. Squires that the boil iv
must be repaired: Mn) Phillips asked MO yesterday .w et
has the matter, and if it was absolutely necessary to top
next trip, and whether it would be prudent to runs M
en trip; I told him it would; I called tho 2 , 1 cog Deer
?
about half an hour before the explosion, that is abou fire
minutes after 1 o'clock. Mr. Wilson is an engineer,
have known. hint about three years in that capacity;
lie has been about the America about 2 months; I thick
-Wilson a competent engineer and fitted to occupy the
post he held; 1 made no Complaint lost night about in.
sufficiency of speed; ho n kl gave no Driers ribiut io
crOasing steam; have no recollection of tolling a fireman
that if ho did nal fire up I would. The boilers of the
America will ca ry 130 lbs. of steam; there was about
b lbs. on at the limo of the explosion, I looked at tha
guage but a moment before; 1 was up at the time of the
explosion but the2l engineer V 1,14 on duty; her supply
pumps are the best I have ever soon; it is entirely unac
countable to me how the explosion occurred; the break
was at the fore part of the bother and not where the leeks
were; have been occupied in the business of an eagitner
snco 1.-)2'..1; have had :23 lbs more steam on th, L.11,:a
than there was last night ;I aro salistio.l that bo.lers :some
times explode when there is plenty of D ater in thern,u .ts
a thing fur hhielt I con it) no way account; I can ss , ig-t
no reason for the explosion. 3li. Yhlsou and I ti,:9
tatitlang together at the time aft the c. : tinder on the s:ar
beard tide; there are 7 boilers, but cue gave, aas I
think the break commenced at the bottom next the lire:
1 hava inadaspo ex twin:lima of the putnpi SIIIC:, the ac
cident; 1 out satisfied they were in good (Oltitt sit the
time of the aecijent: the staom g tgue is 1,1113 of 1111-
man's and was in good order.
Ihnry Wtlion sworn. l ant Engineer of the Auter
ea; have been on her two or three thonths. I bale
been in the business of on Engineer 10 yeare—in the
slio;t until tli ec ears- a4o, when l %s cut ou. rho Lake.—
I can assign no reasen for the explosion; lay hatch had
justellininenced It hen it oceuied; went to try the water
the first thing when I cline eu watch; . the wall' tea,
After having the cater tried I walked aft, and aso s'.aird
nig aft of the engine on the starboard side. VII kni4 n int
the Engineer, e. lien the boiler burst. nitro was
to :id lbs et steno' at the time; gave no directions to any
Ono to incrott,e the steam; the engine was in thing about
the usual nuoilier of revolutions. There t : t as a
the button' of the c.v.l.lodud boiler; it. baler atll I..st scion
ur eight years.
1: T Ittmra:r sworn. I am Steward on the Airnr.ca
I was asleep n.11 , ..n the aceideitt occurred. Tnerc v".;.)
ahem pa,•enger ,, : J wont to bed I-4 to one;
of lite waiters is Ill'asm,z; cau:t be funad: un r.t0.,1 at
at the time of the accident that one or two jumped o.r
board. Saw the Engineer in the pantry ahem. I!"_
ho (irk soma brandy and water; was not the woe-,
I„ iaar . Th ere are about 21 prisons injured—J or 9 dis , !.
One man who jumped overboard was recovered, but has
bi He., died.
/1. B. Ely sworn I was a passenger on the Amurica;
got on at Cleveland; lay in the cabin on a instrass, about
33 feet forward of the engine. I nob:c d that ire soda
gaud time after leaving Cleveland, su that l
oiled it particularly. After I had beets in Bed some tints
I netised a sudden plunging motion of the boat; it occur
red at intervals of 10 or I minutes. Tice motion has
IT a t that evert thing shook and gave in the cabin; this
motion occurred at intervals uptil the explosion too!: place.
I could bear the I'o 4 ineer, 'or seine one else, Irvin the
cocks at intervals. Tile jarralg appeared to proceed frail!
accelerats d rimtion of the engine; I did not I,o[;ce :I On
after 1 had laid down; have notypJ the same Med of
motion before when boats Were ga:u,s,. sercry fast. I the't
it was the result of a sudden applieataia sf \tretae
L. R. Morrice sworn. las Clerk on the America.—
II card nothing said on the boat as:to:her machinery bsiug
defective. Mr. Thorpo and Mr. Wilsoa have the repu
t Mon of being temperate, men. 1 was asleep at the Ulna
of tbe explosion: Hears) nothing said about arming nt
Bolllslo sooner than usual. There were about "!.1
passengers; only one passenger that 1 Lease of being
killed—Joseph Stanelid, from Cancinnaii: Chas. Potter;
one of the- greasers, was killed; James limilsba and
.M.chael :‘l,;COck;in, firemen, Mi...has I O'Couner, sad
Wm. Brown, a waiter, were al.so kilted.
A. 1). rairliin 15W0/11. I am mall ag,eut; There is no
limited time for the mail boats running een Buffalo
and Sandusky. I was directed by the Department to ens
ploy the fastest and safest boats; they generally get in so
as to connect with the cars. I have complains d. to Capt.
Squires that the boat did not make good timo: sometimes
sho did not connect as sho should have dOOO OWI III; to
weather, &c. I know Mr. Thorpe; ,ho is a good engin
eer, and very attentive and industrious.
F..-M. ShicGls sworn. I was a passenger on the Amer
ica; Was sleeping in a room on the same deck with the
engine. / know Mr, Thorpe; have known him 30 3 ears
—his reputation is that of a first rate engineer. lam an
Engineer myself; do not know what steam the boat was
carrying. Tho sudden plunges, spoken of by Ely, were
no Indication of an eicessia:b amount of steam; it is pro
duced by the operation of what is called tho "cut oft;"
/ler "ctit oil'" does not operate regularly; it does not eat
Oen equal amount of steam at each cud of the cylinder;
if its action were equal the motion would not bo felt.
have examined this boiler carefully since tho. explosioas
•it who the shell of tho boiler, not the flues, that gave way:
the flues were not. colapsed. The boiler gave way at the
buttons. it is not common for ono boiler to explode and
tho others not . ; they usually explode together. Rhea
the cut- off does not work equally tho pressure on this
boiler is unequal—greater at ono limo than at another.
Fredi id; Zsenncit sworn. I am an engineer; have ex
amined the boilers of the America since the explosion.—
There is an appearaiice of a sown in the iron; seams
are frequently found in boiler iron. I dot attribute the e%-
plo,leir to that defect. I have not ascertained from my
examination any cause for explosion; Ike sheet at the
tear scented' to be good iron.
Chia. P. Thayer sworn. • I was a passenger; was .16
my room at the time of the explosion. 1 noticed no us
usual speed. The officers of the boat appeared to be care
ful and attentive men. Never hoard any complaints
mado as to defective boilers or engine.
After hearing, the above testimony, the Inquest ren
dered the following
VERI)ICT:
That tho persons named camp to their death from tho
explosion of ono of tho boilers of the America, the cause
of which oxplosion is unknown to the Inquest.
aj . I)ItOWNLD...--C/1:110.ES Wl:sta., a promising )0110,
matt of 18 or 19 years of ago, was drowned at the Out-
Let Lock on Monthly eveufng last. While engaged in
opening the gate at tin; hoed of the lock, the handle
coming °tr. ho lost his balance, and fell into the canal,
and was drawn by the current iutu the wicket, and be
fore lie could bu extricated, life was extinct.—Gaulle.
IL rlt is said that tho young num %Volker, who at
tempted to ansassinuto Louis Napoleon. is a Penus)lvtinia
printer, ahout t 8 years of ago. The
. t oungtitatt was ad
diute4 to tiOCittliS u, and probably waa craLL-brainc2.
a