VOLUME 20.
POETRY AND MISCELLANY,
TRZ rovravairt.
BY StICILIRD B. WILLI/
Pea. within a quiet 'valley,
burst a fountain fourth to light—
_ Dura s and sprang instinctive upwird.
For Its source wagon the bright.
'gut its bpight and eager waters
, Lei} not far their crystal tracki
Bons Invisible detained them,
And they fell exhausted back.
-
On thnt fouutnin's mossy margin,
Still, 4( eve, I Eat reenact).
Yilteneci to the fountain...music,
Wished f tnight its chain unbind!
Thought, though bands unseen extending
Atilt drew back Its anent. rain.
Airy alma could loon r rive it—
rioun a, cloud 'ovould ount again
)15.
In my bosom's quiet tril ey.
Bursts the Count of life its
. sod—
Bursts. anf strives inati etive upward,
For its Idly source is od.
But that striving spirit-fountain
Gains not far its upward track,
Bonds invisible detain it—
Oft it sinks exhauited back!
iv.
On that fountain's crystal margin -
Bits n'spirit, reclined.
Radiant now n ith silver
But a soul, from earth refined!
Still that gentle spirit walthei.
Waits till mine shall rend its chain.
While its pinion, half•unfifding,
Lures me still the highs to gain!
ILeaf from Life's Day-Book.
I=InMMI
M2==M=
Anour nine o'clock on the morning of the nineteenth
of July, 1830, a group, consisting of some six or eight
gentlemen, stood upon the deck of a safety barge, Lady
Clinton, .)ring in the North River, at !slew York. A
quick observer,
thorn
though out of ear-shot. would have
pronounced thorn Frenchmeri, by their volubility, eager
ness, and violence of gesticulation. Tnis description,
however, does not apply to one member of the party. a
gentleman past the middle period of life, who stood, as it
were, among, but not of thorn, and in whose attipide and
bearing there was a something which vaguely. accounted
to the beholder for the marked deference and respect
which was evident in the manner of those around him.
His C9UftiallaSlCS3 was grave and thoughtful, and the
faint smile which broke at rare intervals over his fea
tures was one almost of painfulness—such smiles as
breath') from lips 1.1 . nt never laugh, and aro common to
those to whom the mortal oorthqualtes of the world have
been familiar. Ile!talled but hole, and,what ho ash
was uttered in a quiet, undemonstrative manner. Al
listened respectfully as ho spoke, but when he ceased,
thcreonyereation flowed on with its former animation.
This person was but little above the middle height, stout
ly built, though by no means bulky. Hie countimance,
full of dignitiod repor, was expressive of mildness and
benevolence. His' cernplosion was clear, healthy brown,
and the full 9utline of his nobly formed face was exhib
ited by the entire absence of hie shirt-collar. A square
and.massive chin, ¢ mouth beautifully chiseled, and dis
playing small pearl-like teeth, gray eyes, a well pro
portioned, straight no,e, and a broad, expansive fore
head, but partially shaded by soft, dark hair. which,
slightly sprinkled with gray, grew thin upon the temples,
and foll pointed 'dery r the middle of the brow—presented
a countenance which, indepeudantly of all association,
would have been considered remarkable. To corpplete
the portrait, we may add, feet small and well shaped,
and hands, though erubrownod by exposure, symmetri
cal as the finish work of the sculptor, the round and
tapering fingers of which •might have well called forth
the envy of a woman.
It was earlY, and there was still some time before the
departure of the boat. The group which we havo des
cribed still stood conversing, when they were interrupt
ed by the approach of an old man, accompanied by two
children, a boy and a girl, of some twelve and fourteen
years of ago. Thin man, spare and remarkably tall,
though somewhat bent by age and toil, possessed that
martial look and bearing which it is impossible to mistake.
Care-worn and weather-beaten as ho was, he had evi
dently seen better days. As he reached the group, he
drew
t hitoself up, and making the militat.y salute, apolo
gix d for intruding. adding that he was a Frenchman,
- an hearing - his own language spoken. had taken the
liberty to address them and beg for some inforniatiou.
Ile said ho had lust his wife, and know not how he could
recover her. They had just arrivedin America. he ad
ded, and had intended setting Oil' die day beforo fur Bor
dontown, in New Jersey, when through ignorance of
she language, they had pl teed their luggage on board
the wrong boat, and while his wifo was endeavoring to
have it wirnoved on shore again, tiro boat pushed off and
(tied tier he knew not where. Ho, had come down
an ong the steamboats, ho said to see if he could obtain
eliy infoiination about her, and would bo grateful if any
oil the gentlemen would tell him whether they had seen
e httle Frenchwoman "so high"—making her height
with his hand—or if they would tell him how to proceed
to recover her.
'nit demon whom we h describ -
.4e gentleman whom we have described turned to
the old man, and inquired why, at his age, ho had left
his own country to seek . a home in a strei4end, and
among a people of whose language and customs ho was
entirely ignorant?
The old man replied that he was tiFrench soldier,
and that since the abdication of the emperor, be had
known nothing but persecution, ill-treatment and misery.
Driven from the service, his pension as A soldier of the
Legion of Honor withheld, his cap . , cloak, and uniform
taken from him, ho had oven been obliged, to secure his
cap-plate, a brass eagle, his cross of the Legion of Ho
ner,,and same of his accoutremets to bury them secretly.
To the next question—" Why ho war gotng to Ber- I
dentown?"—he replied, that he had been informed that -,
King Joseph, the brother of Napoleon, resided there;
that he owned large tracts of land in the United states,
and gave portions of it freely to destitute soldiers who
served the Emperor; and that he was proceeding to
Bordentown to apply to the prince, when the mistakti
occurred which deprived him of his wife..
7r-tut how," eephed the gentleman. "can you, who
&Oitar old and broken in constitution, expect to find a
support in the forcats of America? These tracts that
you speak of are new and heavily timbered; you cannot,
al your age, clear land and begin life anew?"
The old man replied, that though broken down in bo•
dy, he was stout of heart, and would make an odort to
succeed; that anything would be better than the life he
had led and the treatment he had received in hie own
country, where he had been obliged to earn, laboriously. a
m irerableautnlistenc in a saw-mill. deprived of all con
sideration. and trent d with contumely.
The next riileetion was to his rank, and position in the
French servide•
I
"Sir," replied th e o ld man, elevating his tall form,
his eYe lightin g up, and the expression of pride and en
thusiasm in his CC/Unto:MCO painfully a t variance with
hiebroken and toil-worn appearance, "I am a 'grenadier
, • - \ , I '
• ' \:::- ' _ • ' . -,' --, '•l' - , .
. ,
r .
. . <
. , .
. . .
, . T ,
. i
. .. .
- .
. ~ ..
. . •
~....
......_
,
~
~.
.:: .
._..... ..
,
...
IT , E ,
...,
. . .
1,
. ,
. .
~.,,..,
..
~.
.B.S• E.
),...
~i \ r
. . . ,
. - r
. .
. .
. .
. . ,
. . . 1
The old man gazed at; the end the money with a
bewildered expression, his count4auce worked with
emotion, while his eye, glancing rapidly over the group,
fixed itself upon the face of the principal person of the
party with a wistful enquiring look.
The appeal was irresistible, and wan answered by the
'gentlemen who had given him the letter, who in a low
voice motioning with his hand towarda "the gentle-
of the old Gourd!' I was one of the 'six hundred' who
followed the Emperor Napoleon to Elba. and returned
with him in the *lnconstant' I stood by his side at
F o ntainebleau, and witnessed that scene which made
children of grey haired men—l mingled my tears witb
theirs• followed him in his march of triumph to Faris
.2/ gave him my but blood at Waterlog---yet lived to
see fiim a captive. and a Bourbon upon the throne:—
What is France to me now? Crushed, persecuted, and
heart-broken:-..-It availed me nothing," continued the
old man; with tremulous energy after a pause full or
emotion, "that I had fought at Migrant. and at Auster
lit;; and had trod the frozen plains of Russia! True, I
had served my country, but it was iu following the voice
which led all France to glory! I was faithful to him,
and that they could not forgive?" The old man removed
his cap, and taking from it his eagle, the cross of the Le
gion of Honor, and the papers proving his identity, he
handed them to one of the gentlemen.
It must not bo supposed that the recital of his sorrows
and misfortunes by the old man, had been listened to
without emotion. There was a truthfulness, a natural
dignity and pride about the old grenadier, that carried
conviction end deep sympathy with it, and each listener
felt from the first moment that lie was all that he repre
sented himself to be. A few more questions wero asked,
and satisfactorily answered by the old man., \Oven the gen
tlemen whom we have described informed him that he
would not find the Count de Survilliers at Bordentovvn at
present; that he was travelling, and would not return to
his residence for some weeks.
Distressed, and deeply disappointed, this intelligence
appeared to overwhelm tho old matt. Ho paused an in•
stunt in painful reflection, and then said that 110 knew
not what ho should do, reduced as he was to his last dol
lar, friendless iti'a strange land, and with his wife torn
from him.
r'Remain hero for, a moment," said the gentle
mon, after a short silence; "I will aid you;" and mo
ving aside, he,spoke for some minutes with a member
of the party, in a low voice, who immediately , proceed
ed to the captain's office, where ho remained some time.
When he returned, he helcri in his hand a letter with a
small roll of bank notes, which in obedience to a sign
from "the gdntleman," he handed to the old grenadier,
directing him to ronialn in New York until the following
day, by wide)) time the steamboat agent would see that
his wife was restored to him. After which he counseled
him to proceed with the ntonoy now placed in his hands,
according to his original intention, to Bordentown, and
present himself at Point Breeze, the residence of the
Count Survilliere, to whose agent there letter wee ad
dressed., On so doing, he further informed him, he
would be immediately placed in suitable lodgings, with
en allowance monthly, till the return of the count, when
ho would bo comfortably provided for, for the remainder
of his life.
nloit"--
"This is 'Monsieur lc Conslel"Tis to Prince Joseph
you have been relating your history!"
With an inarticulate cry of joy the old man sprung
forward, and flinging himself upon his knees before the
count, he seized his hand and covered it with kisses.—
Tears deluged his rugged cheeks, loud sobs burst from
his full heart, while, in a choking voice.'he exclaimed
—"Mon Prince! Mon Prince!"
It was a moment of deep feeling; and so sudden, so
startling had the grenadier's action boon, that it was
some moments before the count tould collect himself
and raise him from his kneeling Posture, while in all
that group of strong men there was not a dry eye. Even
/ic who shared the blood of a hero, and had passed through
scenes till wring the sternest hearts, turned aside to
conceal the emotion which ho could not resist,
The children of the grenadier, who had stood a little
apart during ail the scone, surprised at his agitation and
at the posture which ho had assumed, drew near him
in eitildisti amazement, and began to question hiM. The
old man turned to them abruptly,- and with the dignity
of an Indian chief, waved his hau/ and said, sternly,
"This toi. C'est fa Roil" Silence. 'Tim the king!
On the following (ley. having been rejoined by his
wife, whe returned by the first boat from Albany', to
which place she had been carried. he set out for Dot
dentown, delivered his letter to the count's agent and
was inimediately'accemmodated in comfortable lodginge.
On the return of the count, in a few weeks, from his
estates at Black River, in New Yo - rk, which ho was on
hio . woy to visit Who. ...countered by the grenadier, he
provided hiiii.with a dwelling upon his place: with a
brae plot of ground to cultirato'for a garden. and allow
ed him a monthly pensiOn; his duty. a merely nominal
one, being to take charge of some of the gravel walks,
and koop them free from grass and weeds. -The chil
dren were also given some Wiling employment. while
the "little wife." kindly received and entertained by the
numerous families and followers on tho place, soon
throw aside her homey peasant's dress, and sailed about
with her little round figure in gay gowns. and finery.
such as in her native land she had never , dreamed of
poslossing.. Careful. and thrifty, however in the midst
of her prosperity., she did not hesitate even at a merry- ,
making, given by,one of the:couut'apeoplo,, to pull up the
skirt of her clean white dress lest her entertainer's chairs
should soil it:
la the winter of 1833, during the first_ visit made by
the count to England, the poor genadjer sunk under the
accumulated weight 'of years and hardships. His latter
days, through the kindness of his benefactor, were pass
ed in contentment and ease, and his last moments. ivero
accompanied by all that could solace a death-bed. As
life ebbed away his mind wandered, and the low mutter
ings of delirium betrayed that this thoughts had reverted
to the past ; " lire l'Emperorl"+"En mans -grena
diersl"—with other similar eapresions, constantly es
caped him, "denoting," as Scott lswt.o beautifully said
of his dying chief. "that his thoughts wore following the
'current of a deadly fight!" ,
The grendier was decently interred in the burial grimed
at Dordentown, and on the return of the count to the
United States, in the autumn of 1834, finding that the'
widow was desirous of returning to her native laud, he
sent her, with her children, to France, and allowed her
a pension, which he continued till his death in 1844.
Joseph Bonaparte returned to Europe. finally, in, 1839,
leaving a vacuum in a l wide circle of ' acquaintance which
It wee impossible to refill, and profound sorrow in the
hearts which loved and honored hint. while by numer
ous class whom his bounty and liberality provided for, his
departure was deeply lamented. A' large income was
expended yearly, at his estate. which flowed through a
thousand channels, to the enrichinonl of the neighbor
hood. Numerous laborers and artisans were in his con
stant employ, and the requirements of the different weat
hers of an establishment so extensive gave encourage
ment to trade. The poor and needy of all nations were
succored by him. All Franchmonlound in hint a friend
always substantial assistance in their ivarioutt necessities.
and often a home and &support, the old grenadier.
His residence was 'place of pilgrimage to the elevated
and distinguished of every land. In is borne, adorned
SATURDAY MORNING, JUNE 16, 1849,
by the choicest epoch:MMs of the sculptor and painter,
he dispensed on elegant and liberal hospitality. though
always the chief object of interest himself. from his
instructive conversation. benignant munners.•,and through
the strange charm which hid extraordinary resewblance
to his illustiatious biother threw around him. It may be
safely'said, that during a' residence of nearly
,twenty
years in this country, he made calmness friends and not
OHO enemy.
Those who hid the good fortune to lire near the coma
SinaiMem who bah* him In hishOme, who daily obser
ved the evidences of his benevolence, and witnessed 'the
kindness of a nature which sympathized with the most
lowly, and never thought of self when it could ministers
oven in the most taifling matter, to the happiness of others
will not require to be reminded of what they once enjoyed,
but in our wide land there aro many who are sceareely a
ware that this distinguished individual lived so long
among us. To these, the anecdote bore related may prove
interesting. It is reeSrded withOUt ernbellishment, as one
of those little incidents of romance that so often occur in
real life, and can he attested by numbers now on the spot
who knew the story and well remember the "old grena
dier."
. The residence of hiseph Bonaparte in the United Sta
esinuet form a portion, Of history, and when that history
comes to be written, and we see the occupant of two
thrones, the active participator in some of the most extra
ordinary events that ever betel mankind, the friend 'and
cherished brother of the greatest genius of this, or perhaps
any age, retireing into' the modest privacy of an Ameri
can farmer's life, cultivating the simple pleasures' - of
Country pursuits, and 'spending the evening of a life of
strange vicissitudes in ',the dignified retirement ofa phi
losopher end a philanthropist, shall we not feel a pleasure
in dwelling upon this page, and feel proud that,to his g
ing day, he never horned 'America but with strong
effection i and a high tribute to the worth of the people
who hod received hi in, an exile, with' a cordial wel
come and afforded hiM for years a safe I,nd honorablir
asylum?
But little more than a year since the name of Bonaparte
had ceased to stir the!ittlincls of mon save in the echoes
tot the past. The surVivere of that name had fallen back
into the ranks, bidding fair to pass down the stream Of
time, with others less marked, into the ocean of oblivion.
Within this short period, however, Europe has been agile
shaken by another French Revolution, and a new lie
naparte occupies the scone—Louis Napoleon has been
elected President pf the French people? W i er far France
may have reason To rejoice that she has thus elevated
him, time must Provo. One evidence of genius he has
undoubtely exhibited. lie has had the sagacity to ill/E0
his "tide at the flood," and it has "led on to fortun e. "
though none can doubt whence that tido had its rise nor
fail to trace its 'comet) to the mouldering ashes benerth
the "dome of the /nralides."- "
The newly awakened interest in his rerun); which
Louis Napoleci•ii elevation has aroused, renders .eiehr-'
thing connected with ttio name a subject of curiosity, and
k is from this conviction that the foregoing anecdote has
boon penned, though we cannot but heleive that au incl.
dontso deeply touching to' ail who witnessed tt, must in
the simple recital retain its power over the feelings in some
degree.
With this expiation to the reader, and the renewed as
surance that ours is a "true story," we leave him as We
began reitorating,"Truth is stranger than liction.=6Latip
FIq.TON AND NArotAtnt:—A singular circumata4
sap; Alison, occurred at thit time till.)_which-tleniU
'Oates how little tho clear - eat intellect can anticipate I
ultimate result of the discoveries which are destined Ito
effect the greatest changes in human affairs. At be
time when all eyes in Europe were fixed on the Channel.
and the orators of the French Tribunate were wishinglfo r
a "fair wind and tisirty•six hours," an unknown individ
ual (Fulton) presOnted himself to the First Consul and
said: "Tho sea which separates you from your enemy
gives him a great advantage. Aided alternately by the
winds and tempests. ho braves you in his inaccessible
isle. Tbis obstacte,ihis solo strength, I engage to over
coat°. I can, in
,spite of all his (loots, at any iirne,,lo a
few hours, transport your armies into his territory, with
out fearing the tempests, or having need of the winds.—
Consider tho means Which I offer you." A most On
gular proposition was this, truly.. Napoleon so far enter..
tained it as to commit the plans and details of Mr. Fulton
to a commission of the most learned men which Treace
could produce, and l ittle was elf _ that the 'First Cousitra
'vast engagements would allow , hint to do. Tho most
learned Commission reported to Napoleon, that it wits
"visionary and impracticable." Such was the reception
'which steam navigation, that has . dono so much. first
received at the handset philosophy. • •
COsuannusts.—:,The editor of the Louisville Bon Tea
is great on coundnims. Here are his two . last, which he
reSpectfuity - dethcates to the Neiv'Cileens Picayune and
Delta; "Well, Pomp, how is ye?" "Berry well Cwsar,
how is you?" "Poorly, thank goodness." "I say, nig
ga, why ant - de ting on which die nigga lay him head
arnight, iiko great Monument of antiquity?" "lobs
him 4." "Data jiat what you say • last night, when
massa caught you wid little shoat in do bag—ye! ye!"
"Oh, hush, nigga, euccood wid dat answer." "Well,
its bakes° Its Pompey'a pillar!" Ye! ya! Now, Pomp, if
din nigga should step over dam pieces ov water millions
ov de pavement, why should he be like a great General
of antiquity, on a very tryingtithe?" "Dig child doesn't
kuovv," "D,s same reply you makes, when gemman
ayes you who was your farder—rbut the answer to dat
conundrum is dis: dat-it would be Cwser a crossin ob de
R(h)ine'." • "Yon can go long:, nigga." '
To ma sots.—Never marry a girl who is fond of being
always in.the street—who is fond 'Of running to nigh t
mietingy who'has a jowled hand and an empty head—
who will see her mother work and toil while she layi in
bed and reedit novels or feigns sickness—who Is ashamed
to own her mother becairse she .dreftSea plain. never learnt
-, _
grammar, or was accustomed to the etitegute of the
diawing room—who is always conplaining that ehe can-.
not /titoniy enough to dress like bliss So•aud co, or
r ,i
go to pa' 'es like Such a ono, who wears her shoes slip
shod or as a hole in her stockings and -is two lazy to
mend It. Should you get Such an one, depended upon
t you will haves dirty; untidy, miserable home and life
of it. But the kind, atrectionato tidy girl who helps her
mothor. is always ready and anxious to accommodate
mother, father, brothers and older; who is kind to the
poor; who dresses neatly and according to her means;
who is always cheerful and fond of accornodating others,
you can get such a treasons and your home will be a par-
adise. "Boya do you hear that." ' I
TT A bright and beautiful bird le Hope; It comes to
e t
us mid the darkness and the storm. and Olga he sweet
est song when one. spirits are saddest; and wit a the lone/
sou I is weary and longs to pass away, it warbles its sun
niest notes, and tightens again the elsador fibres of our
beads that grief bas been tearing away.
A - inssv Boon.—Wm. E. blerford, writing from San
Francisco. says; "I have acquired considerable Spanish.
and bare found that a Spanish girl is the beat grammar
in the world; and since my arrival in town, I have been
--ftudying gramansr:"
&Isom wall-infouned porsono think that Lin's wife was
destroyed. This Is not 'mot' she was trsosforo3ed Into a
pillar of salt, in order that slip kVA be piesenser•
IZOO W Ahab «rSEI--
~
issaitonivis.
Sing me the simple ballad strain
Thai pleased , my heart In days of yore,
When earth seemed void efeare and pain
\ And ell was bright my way before—
' Whose music, like the dews of night
hat cheer the beano!' summer dowers,
Che4ked youthful passion's fiery might,
_ Andgmre to virtue nobler powers.
Although a devious sea of years
Kith roll Its griett and toils between--
Althtough the tie.sent scene appears.
- And we ourselres, not what has been—
' Although the wrinkled brow betrays '
The deeply written trace at care,
And thebright Hoes oreareless days
No longer had a statidnthere;
Bing sue the song that once krOu sang.
IWhile I sit waiting at you kn ee,
knee.
The tones distilling horn youtlongue
• Shall set my eare-bowad spitit,fteet•
'Twill wander through thaUdiStant past.
Revel amid those scenes again,
Known ere It'ssun wasovereast
By aught orglooin or aught otpaln;
When innocence dwelt in the bowera
All consecrate to love and truth.
When life's new spring-light cheered the hours.
That made the claendar of youth.
, • Let others love the mightier strains.
The brilliant gems of studied art.
Oh let me hear thatsoug again
Whose melody first won my heart.
Or LOUIS 11,01115VT11. TU
- -2111111C141,11ZAIS rATSIOT.
Louis Kossuth was born in the coMitat (county) of
Zemplin, on this with April, 1806. His father, titough . a
noble of an old family. was so poor as to be obliged to
Serve as secretary to a wealthy nobleman of the neigh
hood. Of Louis's infancy netting is known. But at the
ago of sixteen we find him in Peeth, studying law. His
extremepoverty and his iniu ' atry procured him a number
of hien , and among the rest, several mem rs of the
Hinigari n Diet.' 'These furnished him wit clothe..
fa
board, aid money for his lectures. TVy Oven at times
paid his debts. Having finished his course of studies he
entered into practice, and if it was not lucrative, ho ye t
gained/a euiticiont support. The succeeding three or
four years lie lived in comparatitto obscuri ty; but then
we-find him all at once in the most active Public life.--s
To appreciate his labors it will be necessary to recollect
that the Hungarian constitution, ever since its institu
tion,l2•2?,) know no law or provision against the liber
tyt? of ha press. It we. naturally , therefore; argued that
who is not positively forbidden is permitted. The Aus
tria governintnt had, notwithstanding. 4The past forty•
years priactised a censor.ehip of the basest, arbitrariness,
This was dorie,,.not by confiscating the publications or
by processes of law. but be sudden anti secret imprison
ment of the math r. This was done. in the year 1800,
with more than f rty Hungarian authors and statesmen.
and it was'repes d. in 1836, with Kossuth Govern•
.meut would not permit the presence of reporters 'at tho
sessions 'of theiet. Kossuth, who in the year 1833
lived in Presbu g, conceived the idea of learning the art
of stenography and of himself reporting tho doings of
tho Legislature. He did so, and published his report in
lithographed copies. Government immediately stopped
their circupition in every possible manner. Tbey bought
up copies; they burnt +eta in Ovary Rost, office , through
./
which they passed, and ordered Kossuth to discontinue
'rffuture his reports. The people, however, now tool.
the matter into theitown hands. and the papers wore
carried to the houses of subscribers by the privileged mes
sengers of the ..,Comitates.” This vent on until the
sudden prorogation of the too bold Diet, May 9.. 1836.
It was then that the Baron Wesselonyi, the most power
ful member of tile opposition; Louis Kossuth and Lovas
sy; &steles. Kovacs. and. Pulssky—the •four latter stu
dents of la w and leaders of clubs—disappeared suddenly.
The excitomentoof course was immense. Government
declared they know' nothing of the six lost men. In 1839.
they as suddenly returned to their families. But Baron
Wesselenyi was blind, Loyagq mid, and the rest in bro.
ken health. Kossuth's constitution alone had not been
crushed by the chains. They had been blindfolded when
arrested, and thrown into a dark. wet, and hoirible dun
geon, where the light of day never entered. They had
been liberated with their eyes blindfolded, and of course
ileOesillirlOis; in what prison they had suffered.
'Title martyrdom. however. made Kossuth tho man of
the poople.i lie became the editor of tho "Pesti Ilirlap."
(Pesch Gazette.) the first number of w4icli appeared 3nly
12, 1810. without the Mane of the editor. In Int, 1810,
the paper had 563 subscribers; in 1841 it had 11.000!
Never before hod the power of the l ore., been' tione
manifest as through Ko.senth. What taws had'been'un
able to do, wes done by this paper ; it 'made the flunia
rian the predominating language. • The slaves and Gee
mem; forgot their wers t s i -egainst the fillegyans, and learnt
their language' if for nothing but to react \ t his paper. it
is a matter of fact, that in many villages eig peasant
learnt how to lead, fur this reason almle. l e s ks priciS of
the paper was the lowest possible—too florin —a• little
more than one delloriper annuli): . . ,
The attack upon upon goVernment web; I nneenslng, yet
weie Oft) whole entity of officials not iergetton.,.tiy its
vigilenco, its bob ess in laying bare every dereliction\of
duty, olelyt arbitrary exertiou of power. every &fakes
lion. every act of oppression or tyranny. it soon gained \
au all-powerful influence. Tho fruits i of this paper were
vissiblo alrady in the first year. This crowd of super
ilantiated a d dishonest office-holders had given way to
younger and better. men. This almasis i in the adminis
eamitid end municipalndminienetions / rutin abolished.
Goveremtleet, in order to put a stop to this. after a va
riety of cineuecessfUl intrigues, bought the proprietor of
the paper.! Ileckeitast, who, in consequence; dismissed
Kossuth. 'Kossuth now began on his ewu amino(' tho
publication of a tietvspapor. He found it difficult. hon.'
ever. to compete with the "Pesti Ifirlap," and was coin
polled to abandon his project. ,
For the last twenty years, it had been one of the chief
principles of tie opposition to create Hungarian menu.
factu re s, and to c a rry them to such a point of perfection
as to fir them for esp ortation. Kossath suggested the
idea of a protective union: Its basis was as follows:
For tins 1.24300 years it has been the rolling principle of
the Austrian government to extract as mach substance
and wealth from Hungary as possible. This was done
I
paly by favoring the' syste m of:absenteeism. viz: by
dr wing and keeping all the wealth' and noble in Vim
;t.
na: partly by subjecting everything imported into Hun
gato an enormous and almost preventive tariff, and al
, 4 ing everything exported from Hungary into the He-
I T
itary States to go duty, free. Hungary being en
I entirely agriculttnal country, this tariff yielded enough to
make a resort to direct taxation unnecessary: -Direct
taxation, as every one knows. is the most hateful to eve-'
.ry nation. This hatred was enconragod by the Austrian
government. even to,, the degree of discouraging the
combat (county) apthorities from building muds, bridges. ;
ect. , ....the indespensible means to commence end miniu
!interim • , The opposition having adopted this, line Of
policy. government appeeled to this acme honor of ta.4-
[ alien to bring the former into discredit' wtth the people.
In consideration of all this, Kossuth wade the follow
ing r.wpoeitlon:
flungity is divided into 52 comitats. (counties). If
we should succeed in inducing two manufacturers to set
tle in each county. If we could them the • anal*.
shy lands; It would to be the interest of thesermartu-
EIMIMMIS
-- -
lecturers to bq
lion with the •
ild the roads necessary to a 'communica
,leurreunding Inarkets; If successful, we
vbe at least four principal highwaye in each
r . iptitoor these men to carry on their man
to bring them to perfection, we must
not only a market, but for the first years
should thus ha?
county. , To e
ufactoriess andl
plan/tiny the
oven pi:cants
fore, has to b
assistance. The whole nation. there.
d itself by its word of honor not to use
products of any foreign manufacturer.
anpfacturers should be l ablo to produce :tr
ibe foreign.
or purchtuee th
until iti own
licks oval to
A society b
Kossuth at ha
collated more
! ed upon this principle wee formed. with
cad. Three months after the society
l ban h a lf thenation among its members,
ame in daily: A multitude of manufac
ments started up. The inoblest ladies.
gn silks. 'wore cone Hungarian cotton.
things, of course. was anything but de•
o manufacturers and importers; and they
appealed to the Austrian government for
have been expected that the latter, die
. nything approaching independence of
and now ones
luring establia
instead of fore
This state o'
sirable to forei
in their deep
nid. It :nigh
pleaaed with
Hungary, wou
second their wishes. They according-
bribed. forbid any assemblages of the
ere' laughed at for their pains. They
.d that what power could not accomplish,
This thought was worthy of Metter•
y. hitherto isolated from the rest of the
rider and aensitivo as a young Maiden. The
Iy imprisoned
peoplo—and
filially coaclud
ridicule might.
nich. 'lunge
world, was as tt
thootreaof Vie
of the ..Protecti
na played nothing but farccie in mockery
K ivu Union." Newspapers, literary. and
on, organ grinders and street musician s ,
journals °trash
teemed with n
tides and songs. ridiculing this &Turd
gysrs to make thoir own shirts and their
etrortor tho
own gowns:
Ridicule did what force could not. Soon every one
would'hnve fel ashamed to acknowledge that ho ever
belonged to t i he "Protective Union;" and 800[1 the whole
"Union," with a few exceptions, was dissolied. Eigh
teen rnanufact ring establishmente, howl were left to
the country at the beginning of the mar i 18418; and
this at least w a clear gain. 'Kossuth himself retired,
mortified, elan °red and ridiculed; and as itas impossi
ble for him to emailidle, he directed and expended all
ii:
his activity to ards tho
1
creation of aft harbor in
Let
Fiume, to be c nuected with Petah with atrailway. This
free harbor we to be followed by a Hung don navy; and
the idea was' ta on up with enthusiasm b the people. 7-
Here, again,-h was foiled, and foiled
,by the jealousy of
the Croatians, ho declined all supreme yof the Hun
garians,over th it own territory, (Fiume) The whole
ended in an endless war of newspapers and pamphlets.
which lusted tmil 1847. when : we fin Kossuth in the
1
Legislature. I i the fall of this year K seuth presented
,
himself in the esth - Comitat as a can ato for the Diet.
He was sopported by Counts Bathyanand Raday, and
as his success appeared to be doubtful, e autlicwities of
the Comilla elevated, - by virtue of its wn• powers and
i i
privileges, all tho so-called notables o Comitat—such
as professors, lawyera, physicians. cle gyman, authors,
and merchants—to the rank of noblem n. (ening them
the right of suffrage.) This aecared th- return of Kos
such er
b to the legislature (MIA November by an immense
majority. and defeated the government he King (Em
, perior of Austria) himself opened the Dtet. on the 11th
of November. 1847, and Kossuth becanto the soul pf it.
During his whole previous life, Koesulb did not acco'na
-1
1 pHs)] anything compi.rablu to what he did from NOVOI3I*
ber, 1847. to March, lAillfi.' Re ttilfistd in Hungary
in a few months, by the mere power o persuasion and
eloquence. what in Germany and France had to be won
1 at the point of the bayonet. - ( ,
The following is a chronological catalogue of the do
ings of Kossuth at this time:
1847. Novemboe 24.—The Diet reso)ves upon Kea
auth'e motion, the liberty of the peasanti and their abil
ity to sell real estate. November 29.—The Diet abolish
es the robot (obligation to_work for thci owner `of t''is es
tate) and tithes, in consideration of ft proportionate in
demnity. December 2—The Diet creates a general
fund, by yoluntary contributions by the Magnates, of eight
millions, to her applied to the building and repairing of
roads, bridges, etc. December 12— l'he Diet proclaims '
the Hungarian bill of rights, by which' immigration un
der natural conditions is permitted. December 28—The
Diet emancipates the Jews.
1848. January 17.--The Diet resolves the equal tax
ation of all classesland ranks. January- 19—The Diet
regulates the use of the different languages. February
s,—TheDiet permits the Croatians the use of their lan
guage in the carrying on their own (internaljgo vern tact nt.
February 2d. Upon Kossuth's speech, "We . have had
for Aix hundred years a constitutional government, and
we demand a responsible ministry," etc., act., the Diet
resolves to send a deputation to the Emperor. March 3.
Kossettee great speech. The Diet upon his motion re
solve the enaction of a Hungarian, responsible ministrY.
10.—The Diet grant general suffrage and the abolition
of all privileges. IL—The King sections ell conces
sions. April 24.—Kossuth prevails upon the Diet' to
abolish entirely, uuconditieually, and without indemni
ficution, all robot and mime. Juno 10—The King ap
proves of the unien of Transylvania with Hungary. and
upon motion of Kossuth, dismisses the Ban Jellachich,
because the latter refuses to acknowledge the Hugarian
Ministry. 11,—Kossuth is appointed Minister of Fi
nance. • 17.—The Serviette, upon instigation of the Aus
trian government,•begin to make war upon Hungary.=
20 —The Ban Jellschich is admitted to ,au audience of
the Emperor, then at Innapruck, when the latter reap
points him. and thus breaks faith with.the Hungarians.
July 11, Kossuth &brute his groat and:celebrated speech
in the 'House of Reprementatives..in which he d'mends
200.000 men and 42 million*. at the close of wh i ch the,
House rise in a body.-und , lifting their hands. Ike the
oath, excl dining `unanimously, *. lire give dam."! Sep
tember 4.—Koteinth delivers a speech exposing the
Tongs committed by. and the open rebellion 'of, the
Croatians; and demands thirty milltons, which are itn
ine\diately,granted. 7.—He sends a delegation 'of 200
motilltiers of the Diet to the King at Vienne. donianding
whether he would 'uphold the constitution and liberties
of Hungary, and stop the war 'mule by the Croatians.— i
i
An evasive answer s given. 20.—Kossuth is made
President, of the Ministry. 0 1.—A * -:-.,..h-Dukiti Stephen
leaves clandestinely the Hungirian army. On the 25th.
the Diet creates the Union for the defence of the coun
try., On the 26th, the luipeeial manifesto to the Hunga
rians appears. \On the 31s1, Kossuth declares the same
illegal, it not-being countersigned by ono of the Hunga
rian Ministers. Oct...l.—He orders the execution of the
traitor, Count Zichy,(brother-in-law of Mettereich.)
hecaneo lie supplied ellachich with.arms. On the 6th
of °chiller the great outbreak et Vienna takes place.--
Kossuth sends all his disposable troops to the aid of the
Viennese,' They meet die Auterians on the 21st of Oc
tober, andnre beaten. On the 23d, the majority of the
Austrian officers is the Hungarian regiments desert: mid
the treason of General Mega makes a farther-advance of
the insuentsmpossible. Kossuth arrives on the 29th
at head qu arte r , and then i to sends 122 officers to 'Pestb
before a courtnartial. w ere he shortly afterwards bar
rios to conduct minters himself. The Hungarians . are
again beaten by Witulischgratx, on the 31st. of October.
1 The rest iii known, Toe Emperor Ferdinand abdica
ted on December Ocl. The Hungarian Diet unanimous
ly 'disagreed to this change of Chief Magistrate, leas
much as it was made without their consent.
The most recent lire of Kossuth is partly well known,
and partly so much obsoutred by a'cloud or lion and folios
advice% that the time for writing it has not yet arrived•
About Koioluth, perenially. it may be remarked •that;
when it was necessary to excite patriotism. he knew how
to write pompously, poetically. and eloquently; but when
it was a matter of numbers. he was pert. precise, and
clear. In addition to this, hole possessed of a truly ep
cyclomedical knowledge, immense reading. •and a most
profound power of conception. As an orator. he eve r
creates enthusiasm; os often,= unintentionally. an actor;
and is much favored by a powerful • yell melodious -voice.
which expresses every kind and fiery degree of passion.
TO gist an idea of his power as • speaker. I shall only
remark, that though it tnity be nothing extraordinary fo r
him to „inspire hie countrymen in tber own larvae, yet
hare I been surprised when I heard and•saw.Kossuth cow
ry the Germans in the German, and the slaves In . the
mountain cities in the Slovak languages. to a pitch of
enthusiasm which it is hardly possible to express. The
Catholic clergy he gained completely over to him by ha
ranguing their assembled council in Sumog in Latin.
His person is fine and imposing, his head Oriental.—
In society he Is charming. in his domestic life honorable
and without reproach. His wife, a born Wasselonyi, and
sister of the present governor of the fortified city of Kg
morn, is the mother of three children. Windischgratz•
as le well known, has offered a reward for heiappiehen
elan. and in his handbills detcribes her as follows: "She
dresses elegantly. and is highly educated, in consequence
of which she speaks fluently. besides her mother tongue.
(the Hungariaii,) the French. German, Slovak, and
Wallach inn."
THE SLAVE TRADE IN CONSTANTINOPLE-
It is known that the dealers in beautiful Circassion wo
men bring them to Constantinople and expose them for
sale, and indeed in all the larger oriental cities, Damas
cus, Aleppo, Alexandria. Grand Cairo,4r..c.. &c. Wher
ever the .Mussultnan religion prevails, female slavery
artiste. In the mountains of Cimassie, where the pure
and bracing air prevails. those beautiful creatures are
raised—raised. some may say by cultivation, as we raise
delicate fruits and flowers—watched, trained, their diet
regulated, their complexions guarded, taught such ac
complishments as the country will allow. carefilly attend
ed to, and permitted to porforts no menial offices. These
delicate and charming'creatures are the very essence of
oriental beauty, with blue eyes. complexions like ale•
baster, and a shape and limbs which might rival the
Madicean Venue. They are at the early age of fourteen
collocted i by their owners, and joining the caravans for
Constantinople, arrive without fatigue, at what is deem
ed a Profitable market: and the brokers are forthwith
despatched amongst the rich and luxurious. to inform
them that splendid prizes of exquisite beauty have arriv
ed, and are for sale to the highest bidder. The Rev.
Dr. Durbin, ou his arrival at Alexandria, walked down
with hia guide to the slave market.
"We come," acid ho,'"to a rough atone buildirig, not
more than twenty feet square,l with no opening in it but
a door. Looking in. we found it full of boys and girls,
from ten to twenty years of age. The tall, lean Nubian
slave merchant. a savage-looking black, at the door.
rose out of his dark corner. and stood before me shorting
his ivory teeth in his eagerness to sell one of his 'duvet,:
Seeing my eyes rest upon a Nubian "girl oft's° fall form,
with a loose garment thrown around her shoulders. he.
made her raise and come farina, and then uncovered
her neck and dhest,pressed his hand upon her person.
evidently to satisfy me, I asked the price: one hundred
and fifty dollars. I Manifested hesitation, and he called
up a more delicate and sprightly Abyssian, with eye
brows painted blue. noirnade her expose her teeth and
tongue, drew aside her vesture. and invited impaction
in the midst of the crowd. I narrowly watched these
females during an exposure so singular to us, and could
read nothing but submission and indifferonew to their fate.
In one of them there was a 'slight shrinking, which na
-1 tura under this weight of night Involuntarily compels.
I turned away with horror at the scene before me, where
virtue ' s had not even the privilege of contest, nor the
apology for temptation." _ .
Tan PANAMA .11.M.R0.11).--PfIgIVSS of tie
The slew York Journal of Commerce publishes an er.
tract from a letter from Col. George W. Hughes. chief
engineer of the surveying party uow progressing in their
labors on the isthmus, 'accompanied by a report from W.
H. Bidet!, his principal assistant, the contents of which
they suns up briefly as follows:
We are now enabled to state that such progress has
been made in the surveys as to show beyond a doubt,
not on l y that the construction of a railroad across the
isthmus is entirely practicable, but that the grades well
bo comparatively easy. `By the discovery of a stun it
level flirty feet lower than had over been ascertained b •
fore, it is-found that, on the whole route from the Atla •
tic to the Pacific, the highest grade need not exceed fi
feet to the mite, and may be reduced to forty, while tho
greater part of the distance will be under twenty. Con
trast this with some of the grades on the Boston and Al.
bang Railroad, which rise to eighty-three feet per miie.
and it will be seen how completely the bug-beers of trav
elers and tourists have disappeared before the light of
scienco and persevering research. The prospects which
are thus
_,ripened to the proprietors of the Panama grant
are truly magnificent; for not only are the terms of that
grant exceedingly liberal, but the coat of constructing
end operating the road will be mach less than was an
ticipated, while its capacity and efficiency will be greatly
incroased.—Baltimore Sun:
PitESSEIRZ OF Tilt SEA.—, Ire piece of wood which floats
on the water, be forced down to a great depth in the
Rea, the pressure of the urrounding liquid will forco lit
t i
into the pores of the woo . and so increase Its Weight
that it Will be no longer c pable officiating or tieing to the
surface; Hence the timber of ships which have been
foundered in the deep part of the ocean - never rises again
to the surface, like those which have sunk near the
shore. A diver may, with impunity, pinnate a certain
depth or the on bat there i is a limit beyond which he
cannot live under the pressare to which he is subject.
For the same reason, it is probable that there is s depth
boyond which_ fishes cannot live. They...according to
ioilin, inivo been caught in a depth at which they must
have sustained a pressure of eighty tons to each square
foot of the mortises of their bodies: ' - 1-
t e
1 :,
A RAT Szonv.—The Chicagn Democrat tells
following, prefacing it vith the remark that the rats f
Chicago are "noted for their firrnneies and daring." .lk
few days since a cat belonging to - h . friend became the
parent of an interesting litter of iittens, which she
was carefully rearing, as all well behaVed “tabbies"
will: A few nights sines, however, while exercising the
maternal office, "Puss" was attacked by a regularly or
ganized baud or rats, which, sad to relate, contrived , to
kilt the parent, and make al prey of the offsprings. In the
morning the cat was found bitten to death, by the side of
nine of her assailants, whom she slew before overpoiv
ered by superior numbers. This encounter is; we tie.
.lieve without precedent
A man was inadvertently holding the lighted eud of
his cigar against his pantaloons. "You'll burnl - our
pants, sir," observed a gentleman on the opposite seat.
in a polite tone. "I will, ahr , answered OM other.
smiling with unblushing effrontery; "Wen, yea needn't
disturb yourself any longer about it—they're paid for."
A Writ. Dora.—A father wished to persuade bis
daughteifrom any thoughts of matrimony. "Shero
marries does well." said be; "but she who doe
of
many, does better." My father, she answered meekly.
"I am content with doing well; let her do better [ Who
can."
1117 "Brown and his wife were walking out last e!
ing. when they met s MOO who had, had the mist°
to lose a •peeper."- "Why is that man anabolition
said Brown. Mrs. Brown "didn't knew. but
thought it was because he couldn't ies6stit4fasM " e
acid Brown. "but that Isn't It biteinati
man atone eye, dearl" Mrs. Brow* fainted,
0" Pio concise ssyieg that •Old bird. are pot e
with distr." is sentootiousty parsphased by the .
:.Experienced warblers are sitity"inade prisoner! b
bask! of ;raid,"
NUMBER ,5,
I
.ght
0111:
• the