LATER FROM CALIFORNIA-. The Herald and Tribune publish intelligence from California to the 10th Deo. last brought by Robert Atherton, Esq., merchant of San Francisco. Mr. Atherton has resided for ten years on the Pacific and two at San Francisco. - He left San Francisco on the 10th of December, and came ro,the United States by way of Mazatlan, Gitadataxer°, Mexico and Vera Cruz. The passage from San Francisco to Mazatlan occupied ten days, the wee,ael touching at only one port. From Mazatlan to Mexico the journey was made,on horseback in six dave. Mr. Atherton, has accomplished the whole of this long and arduous trip with remarkable dispatch having been only 61 days upon the route: the Con of tiro whole, from San Francisco to New York, has been about $7OO. Mr. Atherton brings with him the bins of lading of gold to the amount of- tit2oo,ooo shiliped on ling -1611 account, on which he proposes to effect an in _enrollee here lie also folly confirms the account of the gold on board the United States ship Lex- ington. By this intelligence, we learn that the yield of gold dust from the soil of California, is as great as it has been heretofore represented to be and that emigrants from the Sandwich Islands. and South America were pouring in there. ,The extent of the gold region, as far as it has been explored, is three hundred miles in width, by one thousand in length, and new discoveries are being made from day today% To the time when Colonel Atherton left the numr ber of persons who hod been to the - Mines -is esti mated at 10,000, but there had not been more than 5,000 digging at any one time.• The average result of their labors was about three ounces per day, to each digger. This gold is found in flakes or scales in what is termed the werdiggings, and in lumps and in the crevices of rocks in the dry diggings.— Mr. Atherton saw a piece which weighed seven pounds, and which was formed by one of the ad senturers. iloth the dust or flakes and the lump cold, had been assayed and tested by M r. Forbes, in Tet)ic, tho proprietor of the extensive quicksilver mines ) and the former was fuund to contain twenty- one and a half carats of pure gold, and the latter nineteen and a half. There has not been as much sickness at the pla cers as we were led to suppose, neither is the state of society there as bnd as has been intimated. Fe %er and nut) prevails there to a certain extent, and attacks those who are careless in regard to their health; but with ordinary prudence, persons can get along wkthout any sickness., About 'a doien people have died, among whom are Mr. H. P. Richardbon, of Boston, who was taken sick at Iho placer, but removed to San Pranci.co; Mr. Wm. McDowell, of the West and a Mr. ack- limn of Poiladelphia; about a dozen have died at the gold digging, principally from want of prudence and from exposure. - NVhen Mr. Atherton left San Francisco, th*Utti ted States stoat ship Lexington hail lot hut %%as to , do no in a day or two. She had on leiard gold dust to the value of half a million of dorars which was dertinued for New York and consigned . several houses here. The Lexington will take Nt,eisss. Wells and Dewitt as passengers. They be• long to New York, and have gold on board as freight They were attached to the New York regiment. The ship of the line Ohio, Cont. Junes was also in the harbor of San Francisco. One of the greatest features of the news brought by this express, is the fact of the discovery of a "gold mine, of great'extent, in Oregon. This dis covery was attracting the attention of the people of that territory, who were flocking thither in- great numbers; in preference to going to California. Tha whole value of gold which has been gathered in California,. is estimated, by those acquainted with the matter, at three millions of dollars, two of which lift there in various way* and the remaimler is on its tray to the United States. It is supposed that it would take one thousand diggers ten years to ex•• haunt the gold in this region. It must not he sun posed, howet er, that every one gets rich there on die moment; fur the work of getting the gold dust end Vk ashing Lit, is very animus. Capt. Daly, of San Francioc organized an expedition of the mei), who went to gold digging, and were absent three weeks; but they did not gather enough to cover expense-, and were disbanded.- The precious metal exists there, however, in ex traordinary abundance, as is proved by the fact that the captain of the French brig Perseverence, with one half of his crew, gathered ten thousand dollars worth in three weeks, as well as by the large prices for whiclrmerclittndise of every kind is sold. Pro visions were Very -plenty at Sun Francisco and the diggings. Flour poured in great quantities, from Chili and Oregon, and carne down in price, from twenty-live dollars per barrel. to sixteen, at San Francisco. The probability is, that that article has fallen still further, perhaps to teri dollars per barrel. Board in San Francisco was 810 per iveelt. Great as the discoveries of gold are, they nre equalled by those, of guicksilver ' That metal is found in various parts of California, and the quariti-• ty is as abundant as it is, in the mines of Spain.— Mr. Forbes, the proprietor of the Mines, hail thirty thousand dollars worth of the article on hand at Tesee, ready for market. It is f found even within three milesrof San Francisco. About *two, thousand• emigrants had arrived. in California from Oregon, the Sandwich Islands, and different ,arts of South America , and Mexico. In fact, the gold fever rages as fiercely in Mexico as it dues in the United States, and there, as well Ds here, eXpeditions are being formed to proceed to El -Dorado. There were 'about a dozen vessels, of various kinds, at San Francisco, when Mr. Atherton left.— The ship Rhone, Captain llill, was to sail soon for Panama. Mt. Finley, her supercargo, was to go with her. The ship Iluntresa was sold for 840,000, and her purchasers intended to send her to Valparaiso . for a cargo. At that place there was, at the last dates, great exeitenient in regard to California.'Every one was leaving, or talking of leaving, and so many clerks were emigrating to California, that the mer ,chants feared they would not be able to conduct their busineis, as their clerks were all going in the same direction. They accordingly held a meeting, and agreed to advance the salaries of those in their employ, in order to induce them to stay at home. The cargo of the ship Undine, which was reship ped at Valparaiso, was sold at Francisco at five hun dred per cent profit. This vessel was wrecked in tha Straits of Magellan, ,and Captain Baker, her master, arrived in this city with the proceeds of the cargo in gold bars. The vessel was sold at Valpa raiso for $12,500, and afterwards re-sold at San Francisco for $25,000. Captain Phelps, of the bark Moscow, end Captain Isimisay and Mr. Meillows are on their way to the Atlantic, with one hundred thousand dollars worth of gold dust. Edward 11. Hanson has been appointed Collector of the port of San Francisco, by Col. Mason. lie will prevent the ingress of speller into that port. The bark Tasso, sailed from 'San Francisco for Valparaiso, but could nut engage a crew under $5O per mouth to each man, and 875 to the steward, with no agreement to take them back again to San Fran cisco. The California Star and the Californian are uni ted, and the new paper is issued under the name of the Californian. The brig Mary nes to leave San Francisco for Mazatlan, about the first of January, with gold dust. `Captain Stout, the agent of Howland ts harisleft Pan Francisco for Van Couver's Is land, for the.ptirpose of arranging for a supply of coal for tbeil'acific steamers* We learn, by this arrival,one very important fact tit: that the Sacramento river is navigable for ves sels drawing eight feet, from the ocean to Sutter's fort, a diatance of one hundred and fifty miles from ;Sara Francisco, and for a hundred miles further by Pascals drawing less. In fact, Mr. Atherton him frolf hog been.in a vessel with two thousand bushels, .of .wheat from Sutter's fort to San Francisco. ,C.ornmodsise Jones wariat San Silos° at the last accounts. On Ns,route to- Vera Cruz, Mr. Atherton met with wale o.r.the American adventurers, amon g whom were the umpanies connected wit h which were Mr- Boyden and Air. Jackson. One company ha met at Guadalajara, another at Queretaro, and the third at Vera Cruz. • e. • The rumors coneerning Col. Stevenson and Cap tain Marcy making so much money, are, it teems, %false, Col. Stevenson did Dot arrive at the placers before October last, when the season for gold dig ging wee over, and therefore could not here accu mulated so tntich gold dust as has been raprez:ented. Captain Marcy, It appears, has not been at the gold diggings at all, The American steamships on the radific have not yet got v_ermission from the Meitican government to touch at Manatlan or Acapulco fur coal, in con sequence of the tonnage duties. Mr. Robinson ' Mr. OMNI, Mr.-Roach, and Mr. Buffbm, of New York. went to the placers in Octo ber, the last named in company with a Mr. Hug gins. They were officers of the New York regi inept. liv VIII Pottsn.—One man, we are informed by sufficient authority, laboring in the mines, wok, sin gle handed, with common pick and spade, in the space of fwenty days, nearly thirty pounds of gold from a piece of ground not measuring four feet square. (Ercn the Californian. Sept. 30.1 Moan PIEW 018CoVRRIR9.—From a highly it►teJli 'gent correspondent at Sonoma, we are informed that gold has been found in the vicinity of that place and at Santa Rosa. Quito a number of men were en gaged in the piatable search of the precious metal. MkTAMPICO DIFFICULTY. - The Uniorn of yesterday publishes,_ the corres pondence between Capt. C. E. Carr and the author ities of Tampico. Capt. Carr, who is an assistant quartermaster of the United States army, was, on the withdrawal of our troops from Tampico, left there in charge of sbme public property, which could not be immediately embarked, among which was a large quantity of coal—a depot of that arti cle having been there established. He had orders to attend to the shipment of the property to the Uni ted States, or of such portions of it as could not be there disposed of to advantage. On the 30th of December last, Major Tompkins, the quartermaster at New Orleans, was ordered by the Quartermaster General to recall Captain Carr, and to instruct ,htin to turn over to Mr. Chase, the American exmani a t Tampico, such property as might not yet ho ship ped or disposed of, as also any unfinished published public bminess he might have on hand. It seems, however, that before these instructions had time to reach Tampico, the captain was ordered to leave the country by the authoritiek of the State of Tamou• lipas, on t he - ground that his remaining was contra ry to the second paragraph of. the 4th article'of the treaty of peace. 'CALIFORNIA EMIGRATION has already been announced that a great emigrating party frotn - Ar-' kansas to California, will set out about the Ist of April nest. The government, it appears, hia4 i or dered a n e s cort of troops to accompany this party as far as Santa Pe. The plan proposed is, fur such citizens as may be desirous of in 'king the explora. lion, to rendezvous early in April at Fort Smith or Van Beren; and proceed to Santa Fe, along the val ley of 'the Canadian river, St.c. An officer and thirty men to accompany them from Fort Setitt. It is intended that all officer rif . topographical en gineers shall also "accompanythe detachment, to make a reconnoisance of the write, report, &c. The rendeztous of the party, Fort Sildth, is not simply a military post, as' many suppo.e, but a grow tog and business town, which bids lair to become, at a day not far distant, one of the leading cities ofthe West. Senator Borland, in a letter in reference to the ex pedition, says, the great benefit to the country an ticipa.ed from the movement is the settlement, iu great part, at least, of the mooted question, which is the shortest and best route to California? The trip from almost any portion of the eastern and mid dle Statss to Fort Smith can, be made with entire convenience and comfort, on steamboats and rail roads, tt ithin three weeks at farthest. Thus, only 120 days, or four months, will be sufficient to place the emigrant from the m rst distant point :n the Uni ted States at San yrancisco; and that', too, over a roue, which fur safety, certainly and freedom from disease, has no rival. Minim is Onto. The Milan Tribune, of the lth, z-ays: Our country has been made the scene of a horid murder, the following particulars ot which hate been communicated to us. Cuss. BESTS, knot.. a - large portion of the people of this vi• cinity and especially the early settlers, who has re sieed in a seclnded_manner, on a farm in Florence township, for 'near 30 years, was missed by his neighbors for several days previous to the 7th inst. On the morning of that day, so great had become the alarm, four or five men went to his residence with a view of making of a search for hint. The house was throughly examined, without any discovery.— They then vent to the biro, a few rod; distant, and after a short examination, his dead body was found under the - barn floor, face downward, and covered with strain. A man calling himself IS.tAC CHURCH Bicrp, and claiming in he brother of CHARLES, came - to Florence about a year since,. and took up his residence . with the deceased. From circum stances noticed by the. neighbors since that time, they suspected him of having an agency in the death atilt tit Las, and, being present at the discovery attic. holy, anti riot giving any satisfactory explanation of the mutter, he was at once arrested anti' taken be fore Justice IlLsietimAr, whoexaminei and commit ed him to -jail for a trial at the term of the comity court. We- hear many circumstances calculated to fix the crime upon him, hut, diming their relation here improper, we omit them." Awry t. FaaTatcnan.—A correspondent writing to the Bt. Louis Union from Columbia, Monroe county, 111 , under date of the bth inst., states that an awful crime was communicated it, that vicinity on the 2d inst. Three brothers by the name of Rhinedio2er, it seems, possessed about $6OO, which had been placed in the bandi,of his brothers. From some cause he was anxious to withdraw it, and re move fromithe neighborhoo3; but this being opposed by the brothers, a Afficulty arose, wich resulted in a determination to murder him. An attempt was, made to effect this purpose, but without simeess.— On Friday, however, the conspirators assisted by Miller, proceeded to execute their victim by hang ing. This they accomplished, and concealed the body. Suspicion being awakened, Miller was ar rested, and under promise of bring allowed the im munity of a state witness, cOnfessed the whole affair. The three brothers wero then arrested, and after examination before a magistrate, wero committed, to jail at ‘Vaterloo, in .default of boil, one in the sum ors2ooo. and the other two in that $l,OOO each. Miller, also, was committed as a witeness, in default of bail in the sum of $1,000.. 'Ttlitxico.—The brig Titi arrived at New Orleans from Vera Cruz on the ad, but in the extracts brought by her we find no news worth republishing, except the following from El Monitor, which paper is carrying on a kind of war against the army: - The American invasion made manifest the inutil ity of that collection of men which wo denominate an army, and convinced all -persons of good faith, that the greatest calamity which can befal a country, is to place the arms which are to servo for its de fence, in the hands of ignorant and corrupt men, ho never love any goyernn ent or constitution in permanence, and are infapable of feeling that elea ted sentiment of patriotism, which makes men sac rifice themselves willingly in behalf of their coun try. TOR GOLD DOLLAR.—As the Comenittee of Ways and Means have reported, in favor of the coinage of gold dollars, there is every reason to beleivo that the public will soon be supplied with them. This currency will, %le hope, expel from circulation the ragged and insecure small notes which flow in,upon us from our sister States. The gold dollars are not however, without objection. They will be easily counterfeited and with difficulty detected. Genuine and counterfeit specimens were exhibited before the committee, the members of which could not distin guished them apart. It is also said that the new coin will be exactly the size of a half dime, and at night will often be paid out and received as a five cent piece. The experiment however,,is worth a trial. A MvsTnatous RR ruarc.—Mr. Richard D. Doran, a merchant of Harper's Ferry, whose mysterious disappearance some few years sincehei been a mat ter of newspaper comment, returned to hie former home on Saturday last. Ile has been spending most of his time in Glasgow, Scotland. It is a sin gular case, and will produce some strange judicial proceedings,. Supposing that he had either died, or been murdered in Philadelphia,' hie estate, being,a very considerable one, had passed into the friends of adminfstrators, and we presume entirely settled, .so tar as the agents of the court were concerned, leav ing a surplus / just in process of distributing dthong his legal representatives. —Charleston Virginia THE WEEKL OBSERVER. E it - 1 E PA. SATURDAY MORIVN .FEBRMARY 24;1849 . . • IMPORTANT RESOLUTION, Wo are happy to see that the lion. 'JAMES Tnomakorr, member front this district, ha again introduced a reso lution. to erpUnge from the ournals of the House, the gross libel mien the country t end Gen. Taylor. the Presi dent elect, perpetrated by the whiga in tacking on to a joint resolution of thanks to that distinguished officer iind 1 . . his compatriots in arms in the recent war with Mexico, the assertion that they had fought "in a war unneeesea rily and unconstitutionally begun by the President of the United Stabis." It cannot be denied that this dense to the resolution of thanks to Gen. Taylor and his men is a gross libel upon the country. as well as a direct insult to the brave men against whom it is aimed. It is not only false, but unnecessary, and 'therefore should not be suf fered to became a portion of the official history of the country. It would be useless at this late day to argue so plain a proposition. Every body knows that the dreier- 0 fltion of war against Mexico passed the House with only fourteen ditnitnting voices, and with only one in the Sen ate, and that that declaration declares that the war was forced upon us by the acts of Mexico herself. Eitherono or the otherj of these declarations is false— and. aside from I s the facts of the case. which are all on the side of the-for mer, what American would wish to hair° the latter Stand' upon the records, declaring that the gallant deeds of our bravo volunteers and regulars—the renown and achieve. moots which made Gen. Taylor President. and has -giv oe our nation a higher reputation abroad than'she over before enjoyed--were all acquired "in a war unnecessari ly and unconstitutionally commenced by the President." 1 . , Who would wish to hear it said that all the lives lost— blood spiß—cities dostio ed—misery created—orphans made—and widows hearths loft desolate, are the result of an "unnecessary and unconstitutional war?" Would such a stigma upon the fut u re fame of the President re pay thoso who passed this libel for such n sacrifice? We think not. Besides, it is not tho President alone that sid - Fers—it is n blot upon the heretofore - untarnished es-' eittcheon of the country—a foul-and dastardly libel upon the intelligence, patriotism and justice of the whole peo ple. We trust, therefore, that the resolution will pass.— We do not expect it to pass now, but at sonic future time—and to accomplish this, agitation is all that is rye - ' cessary. The following aro the preambles and resolu tion 'i •troduced by Judge 7'hompson: --- -.1.27::- ' Whereas. on the 3d day of buttery, A. D. 1818, a "joint resolution of thankS to M IjOr GJnoral Taylor." and "through him to the officers and soldiers of the reg ular misty, and the 'velum eels under his command, for their indomitable valor, F ill, and good .conduct.conspic uously displayed' on tho .12d and 23d days of February last, a ii the battle of Buena Vista, in defeating a numer ous Mexican army, consisting of more than four times their number. and composed uf chosen troops under their favor.to commander, Santa Anna, 11C1111 thereby obtained a victory over the enemy, which for its signal and bril liant character is unsurpassed in the military annals of the world," being introduced into the House of Representa tives of the United States, a motion was mado to refer the saute to the Committee on Nlilitary AfFairs and while said motion wits pending, Mr. Henley, of Indiana, mov-, od to arnend the same, by adding thereto instructions to insert in said resolution the following: "engaged as they were in defending the, rights and honor of the eountry;" whereupon, a motion was made by Mr. Ashman, of Massaclinaettg. to amend said instructions by ridding thereto the following: "in a war unnecessarily and Mt.. constitutionally begun by the President of the United Htfites;" which said last mentioned amendment was adopted by a vote of said House of SK votes in the affir mative. and 81 in the negative, as appears by the journal of the 3d "of January aforesaid: And whereas, said amendment. so adopted, is an un- 1 just charge against the President of the United States 'Of disrFgarding the constitution, and of usurping powers: not conferred by it or by the laws of the land, and of fig-, I gression out the part or tho United States on the rig hts of Mexico without justification or adequate cause; wructif said charges are nut Without evidence to sustain them; i i bill an, a/1:111 r4l t.y *ll,. .... el 1C...... E r.... .o.f 12.1. 11f.r1 1816, by which war w as , declared against Mexico by ti; vote in' the House of Representatives of 174 in favor iql and 14 against it: anal in the Senate by a vote of 40 hi, favor and 2 against it and which a lid, act avers in the preamble thereto that said war "exists by the act of the republic: of Mexico," nil is further disproved by the 11/3i tOrintlg invasion of one of the States of this Union by 1 Mexico before said declaration, or auy act of war wa".4 committed oil the pal . of the United States. I •i And whereas, said .harges contained in said amon4 ment are highly derootory to the honor of the country, unjust to the President, and calculated to tarnish the glory of the bravo army who have so signally borne in i triumph the flag of the Union, and may ho cited through all time as an official Irotifession by a co-ordinate branch of the government (hit they prosecuted a war ',`unne cessarily and unconst tutionally begun." Therefore. ' Resolved, as a rem dy therefore, That the said amends mein, adopted es aforesaid in the words following. viz: I "lit a war uniteressartly mud unconstitutionally immunity the President of the i Ireited States," ho expunged from' the journal, and the the Speaker of the House,i On the passage of this iron nide and. resolution, shall ,1 in the pr onto of the House. direct the Clerk to write across the l'n'eteof said ameement on the journal of die 3d; l of January. A. D. 184._ , in distinct letters, the worts "Ex punged by order of tAe /ouse of Representatives of the United States"—adding thereto the date of the saute. and attesting it with his signature. ,I . Clols.—Tho National Whig, published at Was' ington, speaks in the most exalted, terms of Gen. Cass. The elections of U. S. Senators, it says, .have eaory where, of late, resulted in the choice of • mon eminently calculated to do honor to the country; but there is nolcit izen of opposite politics to us, whose advent to the Senate gives us more gratification, than that of Lewis Casa.— What a difference in 'the character and qualificatioi Gen. Cass, a few months has brought about, in the st motion of these men A TRUE. REMARK.—Miss Swissitelm, of the Pittsb rgh Visitor, iu speaking of Philadelphia, says it is the m an eat city in the Union. This lady is famed for span kng the truth, but we doubt if among all she over uttered there is a sentence mere palpably true than this remark. With one and the same breath her citizens preach ehriatirity . and tp.orolity and burn churches—talk of Education and burn school houses—but elf this, in a comparative point of view, does not exhibit her surpreme littleness so com pletely as her efforts to repeal the bill for a rail road from this place to the Ohio line. Thai is the (mintessenco of meanness. . That funny pioco of womanhood, Mrs. Svriss helm, of the "Pittsburgh Saturday Visitor." is doWn on the Editor of the Christian Advocate for writing against curled hair. Sho thinks ho could be engaged in Lpiora profitable budness—that his pen could accomplish more good to mankind ill advocating the true mission of the church, the amelioration of the condition of mankind, than in meddling with a ladle's curls.. We think so too —tractions mistake their tuission when they attempt to regulato what shall or shall not bo worn by.thoir Mem bers. larrnessrve Monmr.try.—The York Republican men tions tho fact that John M. Koch, and his father. John Koch, died in the same houso within a half hour of the sante time, and that on Monday morning. about thirty-six hours aftor, his mother also diod. No epidemic or con tagious disease caused their ,loatlis; but complaints to which man is liable under tho most salubrious skies and in the healthiest climes. They were all buriod at one timeaido by side. ila . Tho new Postal Treat• with 'England is now; in full operation. , Lettere by • ateatnor for any part of Great Britatit 'or Ireland are witty charged twenty-four cents, or one shilling sterling—This nyty be paid in advance or not, at the option of the sender. On newspapore, the postage is two cents,• payable in advanCe. mr.The Cleveland nab: Deo Lsr,of Alm 10th, has a Trumbull County Dem ocrat extra, from Warren, Ohio, containing an acountef a fire at that placo . crthe fith bet. Tho fire oceurodl al night and consumed tlie woothin por tionof the block in which it origivaloeitogingorOrOwnro• Tho brick portio n wan caved . The loss ii not given, and we see among t o !hit of sufferers . , Prusetts.end• Foots, publishers of thiqrurnbull County:Whig. P 1 'n,tc-rtcst. Ftiri gores -Mr. W7l3:BVBifielftrriittti ed itor adios Boston Republican, a tree soil pati;i% has turn ed his attention toamiculture, having married at once a lady and a farm. So we learn from the freo soil newspa pers. MUCH ADO ABOUT NOTHING. - Fe the last two weeks All whigdom;=.4o Congrliss and out—lfrom the National liiitilligencerd4m to every 'eight ilty-nne in the country, have been cackling thernapyves boar e over a great and astoOnding diravery in regri to Our late Treaty with Mexico. Tie boner of tliff, : )stu. penillions mvelatfoti'beilongit'to Mr. Stephens, of-GtOgia, who having set upon the_egg until it had become, - par racily addled, broke the et rd scattered its perfume all ovei the country. It is not often whigery meets with 'such gOOd luck—hence all our whig cotemporaries, the Goette among them, have not failed to manufacture a J -- realonablo quan't;ty of ..tliuulerondfury"on the strength of it, and launcii thoiebalts at "the : Administration and the 1 Democratic ‘ party, This _ N 1.," Syphons, ,who is a ver7 small man physically, but a very giant intellectu allY,, in his own estimation, found out, or pretended to finc out, that the Mexicadtreaty; ratified By both gov ernments-by the 'Senate of the United States and the Co grass of Mexico—was nullified afterwelds by a more protocol of the agoutis of the two powers! Hence that theie is, after all, no Trilled traty. That consequently neither Catifornia. nor New AlexiCo, nor the boundary if ilia Rio Grande), 'belong . ' to the... Tinned States; and it there le more negotiating, all effective legislation bent three territories is out of the question.' So these earned Thebans would nrguo this territory away as th, tough it wore a ver y little thing. Whet, in the namo If!ceintnon sense, is all this about? What is it for?— Will the whip bo never done with tlefertaing the Mex n side? Or is this an effort to get rid of those territo ries, and thus relieve Gen. Taylor's administration frorn the embarrassing questions arrising from them? If the latter is the objector all this "virtuousindignation—if that ialthe prime - motive which has set Mr. Stephens a-pro tocol hunting. it will be ,a most signal failure, and the large quantity of breath and ink which have been shod in the effort, willgo,for naught. Free labor has laid its glorious grasp on those territories., and 'Stephens knows it—the latelligencer knows it—the Whole Taylor party South know it-Land hence they aro anxious to get rid of the territory. Another object of this movement, tho Union eleys, is believed to be, to defeat the appropriation for the payment of the next instalment duo Mexico. Wo cannot believe that the Whigs will attempt en outrage so enor mous. What then can ho the object of- all this partizan .ttir? What can it lead to but pure nmischief? Are Ste hens and the whigs really sorietis in their belief that hero is no treaty? Do they really 'believe that a mere inotecolLa register or record of conversation between two subordinates—can annul a solemn treaty between their respective governments? If they are such fools as this, they are not tit to talk of the subject—and if they do ot believe it, what shall he said of the bitter, unrelent ing, reckless pattizansltii) that can thus feed the mouths of enemies with libel. , against their' country in order to promote their party schemes. lint to the pritocal it43lf. Tile American Suitate,, ( it a ill bo recollected, did not rattly the treaty of Guadalupe lee it was concluded, but' with (tertian amendments; and in order that the ch tractor of these might bo understood in Mexico, the secretary of state authorized the Messrs Sevier and Clifrord, as 'an argument for the adoption of ,the treaty, to make certain explanations of their eharne I ter, and especially in relaiion to the rights secured to persons and property 6i American law. Ali this, how:. ever, proved unnecuss•try n: it regarded the/Mexican coagresa. for this body haft ratified the treaty, as'antendell, Wore esirs Serirr lot I elyforit go! to'lliorir!. 'rho president of Mexico, however, had not signed it. ye re move certain scruples the nruhassadors entered into those explanationa, and recorded them itl tho form of a protocol. This protocol forms no part of the treat•, but,only an argument in favor of its being ratified. • Thu flint of these explanations relates to the 9th arti- do. It misted to the rights' of persons and propetty in tho tbrritorios to ho ceded; provitiaig that individuals and Alsou'alaaa 1:11.1/1 110 prated:llo4 in thuir proporty. and incur- ported into tho Union. Instead of a long, verboso stip rairrinal ireaty.' the senato substituted the are le ou this point in tho Louisiana troaty of 1803. The secretary says:- - “This article is substantially the same with the origi nal thh article; hut it avoids unnecessary prolixity. and accords with the former safe precedents of this govern ment in the treaties by which we acquired Louisaua from France, and Florida limn Spain." The protoralrepauts the same idea, and says:— “in consegnenee, all the privleges and guarrantecs, cjyil, political , and religious, which . would have been possessed by the inhabitants of the ceded ternorien, if the ninth atticle of the trimly had been retained. will be en joyed by theM, without any difrerence, under the article which has been subllitutea.” There is no clashing between the treaty and the , prd tool here. • The second explanation related to the 10th etticto of the treaty. This was totally rejected by the American senate A portion of it Mated to the grants of - l'exas lauds, and did not receive a single vote, and the whole grunts of lands by Mexico. The secretary says:— ••These Mexican grants. it Is understood, cover nearly the whole seacoast and a largo portion of the interior of Texas. They embrace thriving villages and a great number or cultivated farms, the proprietors of which hove acquired them honestly by purchase from the state of Texas. These proprietors are now dwelling in peace 4#134 security. To revive dead titles, and stair the in habitants of Texas to- be-ejected, under them, front their possessions, would be on act of flagrant injustice, if net wanton cruelty. Fortatiately this government possesses no power to adopt such a proceeding. The same obsetvations equally apply to such grantees in New Mexico and Lipeor California. The present treaties provide amply and specifically in its Bth and 9th articles for the security of property of eve ' ry kind, belonging to Mexiewirs, whether held under Mexican grouts or otherwise, in the acquired territory.— The property of foreigners, under our constitution and laws,.will be equally scenic, without any treaty stipula tion. The 10th article could have no effect upon such grantees as had forfeited their claims, but that of involv ing them in endless litigation, under the vain hope that a treaty might cure the defects in their titles against hon est purchasereraud owners of the soil." The protocol eeyst—_, 0.2 d. The American government, by suppressing th tenth article of the treaty of Gliadalupo, did not, in an way, intend to annul the grants of lands made by Merl= co in the ceded territories. -These grants, notwithstand.: ing tho suppression of this article of treaty, preserve the legal value which they may possess, and the grantees may cause their legitimate titles to be acknowledged before the American tribtinals. Conformably to the law of the United States, legiti mate titles to every description of property,tpersonal and real, existing.in the ceded territories, are those which were legitimate titles under the Mexican war in Califor nia mid. Now Mexico, up to the 13th of May, 1846, and in Texas np to the 9.d of March, 1836." Now, all that this article could possibly secure, ices al ready secured by the ninth article as adopted by the smote, for this secured to every Mexican his property according to American law, If so, then there can he no clashing between the ratified treaty and the protocol hero. Tho third explanation relates to the payment of the $12,000,000, and simply affirms that the U n it e d States did not intend, by suppressing a port of the 12th article, to deprive Mexico of transferring this money at any time it might deem best. . . Tho whole protocal, thonoallowing it to be now of any consequence at ult, is explanatory. It was 'in tendeCto se curo tho complete ratification of the treaty, and putP atop to bloodshed. And in order to do this it was necessary to remove Certain ideas which tho Mexicans had imbib ed. perhaps from the railings of whlgs against tho ad ministration, or of John unit tigninst the country. The whig press and British press declared that the annexing of Texas W , lts downright rolrberyf that its ground-work was a desire on the part Of rapacious Yankees to usurp the rich lauds of Texas and California. Tho aim of the secretary and of the commissioners was to assure the Moximins that the civil and religious sights:of individu als, the property of tho churches, would tie sacredly re spected by the American constitution. ' lied the Alexi cans required it, Messrs Sevier and Clifford might have gone still furtbor,and guarranieed that it was not the, inten 41on of the treaty tolitecuro a eight:on the Emit of the peo ple:of the United States, to steal a Mexican's purse or to Icut s his throat. And if sueh:simplo buisness as this was 'necessary to secure the grotkepd of peace, allmeu but whig partizans would have justified them in doing it.-- And let whatever there was derogatory in it be laid down to the charge of the abusers of the democrats amt the libeller, of their nation. Important Resolutions Pas byline Ohio Logisl ye are happy to lay , before our r re"iutions. which have unanimous) of the Legielatitio of the State the repeal of thorneyter of t h e Ohi, They aro , important as going to shci in that Siato in regard to the prop°, are important, because they bring the' in , tter straight hOthe to the Pittsburghers and tho riends o the Central' Rail Road, and tell them in so mat y words that if they persist in this unjust course, the pe . pie of_ hie will re. lobate! How will they retaliate? By stop ing theirfa vorite road at the Ohio line! Th wool be right—it would be just—and that Ohio will adhere I this unoni oteits-pltidge; we haVe every cunfid nee! L t Pittsburgh, therefore beware! The challace he has prepared for the lips of others ; she may be con polled to taste herself; Resolved by the General .A.ssemb . of the 'tate of Ohio; That we recognize, as among the wst im ortant provi sions of thefetleral constitution. th.so whic mi prohibit all restrictions upon the freedom of ciminerce between the several states; end are assured the , to -th so provisions may justly be attributed much of 0 at advan . o in popula tion:in wealth, in happiness, and ,it all the elements of prosperity. which has rendered the United *ales without a parallel in the history of nations. Resofeed, That the liberal policy which pervaded the legislatiomef tho several state, once to internal improvements, designed to morcial intercourse between the soyeral st , ample' testimony alike to the fidelity of tho.' spirit as well as the letter of our commoi l and to-the enlightened views of the, respoc i~lal.tres. jelsolretl, That this licitly has learned w the ,ogislaturo of the Commonwealth of at ti is tine seriously contemplating a dep • liberal poll i cy that has so long characterize the netion of her sister elates on this subje peal of the chaster of the Ohio and Erie 1: partly. lieeotrcd, That we cannot but regard this as on at. teniKto force front its natural channel a 14ge portion o thejpommerce of the Northern states, aid compel tin samo to seek the seaboard through the lino of improve• ments constructed by the State of Penns3lvania, iron which can flow nothing but llisappointtnent to hersel and injury to those states whose products she covets. Resulted, That the Suite of Ohio erneerely: deprecates a system of countervailing, retaliatory 'onactments in the legislation of any of the states of this Union; and while she most solemnly protests against a cum? of conduct on the part of her .sisteth state that will render the adoption of measures so odious, necessary for her t f rW n protection,l she deems it due to her own dignity, to the interest of her citizens and the welfare of her sister r tates to declare that, if it shall he;thimd to be the settled detertnirjation of the Comnionwealth of Pennsylvania, th: t the great line of railro.td communication between the seaboard and the West, along the southern shores of the lokeS shall be in let rnptod and broken by her refusal of chi , right of way, or the same through her territory bonering upon the shore of Laki , Erie, then will a resort to measuast of re taliation become the - imperative duty of this slate, from Orr-performance of which, at the proper dine, Clio will by ' no [PCDIIS shrink. The - ileitointithisiwere'annindeti in the House as folloWst That the Governor of this state he request- ed 1 )forward a copy of the foregoing rilsointions to the Gti:verlor of the state of Pennsylvau4.l,l with a request jin. th sonic may be laid Wore the Legislature of tile s tate h . l afoicsaid. Ifry way of indicating the state of public sentiment in this-tiferidian, we feel safe in swing t tat nine tenths of the citizens of Erie County are in favor of General Bank ing au I Helms:cad E‘emption Laws."—Ginale. We' did no: notice the aho l t-o when it first appeared in the Grizeit-, and we now allude to it• only because wo find it quoted by the Whig 14.css in oth , r portions of tho State, as indicating public opinion in this county. So long( as the Gazette 11.5i11111CS to speak fir the nihig party,, we have nothing to say—but when ft awe it4:ll forward as n , Sir Oracle for the Democracy, wd beg le: i tsc to ob- ject. It is very probable that a large p . party of this county al itt favorof a law, but as that entire party does roll "tenths" of our citizens, the intention is 'lent the, Democracy its favorable to 51.1(! No aro pleased to say however, that sl —the Democracy of Erie stand when stood, utterly opposed to the banking s not their sentiment wo no not hooe , i.1: 1 the passage of n tfomesten e \ emptiun estimate of public sentiment, ari: , presume, is very nearly correct. We would fain believe that tl ere is not even one tenth opposed to tl.to passage of Ell hudiano and just a in ilMire—a measure so eminently iii eylisOtiallue it itli the enlightened and ptogress:ve spirit 'of the age, and call cid, ted mole than any other one yet 'proposed. to ( 4 1 11 ali. ize and secure the blessings of a camp:tenet) to future' gellorition... DEPA , IIT3II.:VT OF TUE IsricitlOlL—A. bill has passed the llouso of Representatives organizing a State Deport ' meet for thek Interior, It proposes to relieve the other dopartments much labor. There is to be a Secretar)t with a salary of six -thousand dollars, tied u Chief Clerk, of two thousand. It ii to take from. the State Depart ment the censtil and 'the patent offtco;.from the treastit, light-houses, ponaionetAp., from the War Departtnelq, invalid pensions, Indian offices, le.:frorn the Navy, 1 naval pensions; and from the Exe i titive the control ef tho penitentiary, and the public buildlags and grounds. U Impromptu on the election democrat, ovor Jonsios, whig, in trict of Pennsylvania, from tho Phi l Str,angr,o rtquisites for maid, Perim& the minds of sol And Johnson's loft nt hon Ile could not heat—A. IMTORTANT.--Accorclipg to sontol Taylor is to bo ilteugnrote4 in two ono of white :Ntarseillus. VAN BUREN's LAST.—J@ZIN Fit.t.nottr. at the time of hie last vlsi are you going to do for us. Mr. Ftr. aro in office!" said the hopeful h your' said the Vico President el "we shall do nothing—we don't TAlcon will certainly redeem hi John. "Pledge! what pledge?" at Buena Vista, not to leave his wo, 17 In contradicting of tho ridicu' the Commercial some time sin , 9et Esq., formerly of this city, had rot' with . twenty three barrells of Gold the Crawford Democrat, commits blunder, in representing that indit Sandwieh Islands. Mr. Hawes went of Consul to Tahiti, one of post ‘.•11;c11 the Secretary of State would accept. Ho, hawaver, 'MN of destination, but stoped at the commenced the practice of law. Oa' Our fair - readers will boar in ,rospousiblo for tho fulhwbig, au show our utter detestation of the it contniiii "As .charity covered) a multitu long petticoats, cover a inultitudel lug of nn-darned stockings." OTsztas.—Speaking of Oysta ffettnes. of 'the Reed House, article, put up in cans and half very Cheap that the admirers of ha;lis no excuse for going can, through some misteriotis al to our table the other da:V, and and acceptable present. It is mai losopher that a man is not sur but tasting, ho denominated., us particular then, we Ma): be truth!" PROPOSED NEW COIN AciE.--TI publishes a 'comintinication' fr ) Baltimore, in favor of the issue o i to obviate the use of copper cc' seven cent pieces, all the other The suggestion is worthy' the at 'JD — A specitnen gold dollar hits ted States mint, Omit tho size )t "United States of America, 18-r. are on ono side, and on the oth I a cap, with the word "Liberty" sun's ra,s. ;iO , Q. turn{ WIIIGGWRIF TAM kt plt AST !--it may be of interest to some know that Ton i Flyer, tho celebrated pugilist, wholcame oft victor in a recent contest With Yankee Sul /icons, is a good Whig, white his competitor is one of thl Tart many Hall boys. Ile alleges that he was forced in. to the fight by repeated taunts and insult's from Sullivan thet'ho had not desired it, and will not, if he can help i t engage in ono again. Presuming that he has spoke tho truth, the result proves that. . "Thrice - arm'd Is he who has his quarrel just."—E r i e Gaulle. i Vyili the moral, church going, law abiding citizes ii4 Erisi county, believe that the above paragraph is frost th Erie Gaulle? If we could doubt our senses, we would'a believe It—but we cannot--it is oven so: We hare see. a great deal of political exultation, but never have w hen i rd a el(out of political joy indhlged in oviirthe Ten of a prize fight beforet "Whigery Triumphant," ex claims this moral paper, whoa* editor has on more the! ond occasion. during the heat of a political canvass, pre sumedlo chide us for our Editorial course. "Whigin Triumphant," exultingly shoots this Editor who has sh“ riVers of "crocodile tears" over the barbarities Of du Me l xican war, and denounced the President as realis e , bld for all the loss of life, misery, immorality and cri me consequent upon that war. "Thrice aimed is he wh!l has his quarrel just," piously signs this preacher of mi ale and religion, over the reault of a prize fight between two bullies for ten thousand dollars a aide: Reader. d you ever see a prize fight'? We presume not—s I things are not colninom in this section—let as the I describe the modus optiran4 of this "whigvietoryl"a c if we borrow some of our deliniations from a tote') it is only to render tho picture more life-like and co plote. The scene of action, then, is a lonely field tho Chesapeake. The spectators surround a ring. oh limits aro described by a cord attached to names o stakes. T hu actors are two men, half naked, who I pose their brawny chests to the gaze of breathless h o dreds, and glare fiercely into Bach others eyes before t a 1 begin their work. It is an interesting work. These a have been training for the scene for many months; ft Month i they have been carefully educating their sine 1 for the day's glory. Hero stands Sullivan, grim_ n s i cowlii g—the representative, (according to tee Gaze o of the 'ignorant locofocos." There liter, a noble it nimonsly 1 • aders t rested. a following •oth branch.: f and Eli! relati vo - • to Rail Road; o of -fooling Ire. They tile et 4 men has hitherto , with refer scilitsto coin tea, hos borne o states to the constitution, 'ite state Leg- 'th regret, that onnsylvania is rture front that her own and .t, by the re ailroad Cunt- Sktri-of ha nu er wanly thousand dollars, and—"whigery" is not • mphant.!" But if flyer so beats and mangles Su lli that the poor wretch 11:14 only ti me amid his hot bre M O, Mid with swollen tongue hanging from bloody ji to elp "enough!" why then liver gets the ten thou' s• dollars, flyer's friends make their twenty thousand see s and—"whigery is tr.uniphtint!" That is the dition of this impressive tnanament! And to work !go—pounding, mangling, tru ring, while the spec hold their breath, howl and blaspheme by fits. Sa N ever gtillant - a - fight. - "Th'rice -arrm'd—is his quarrel just." Blood dolts—an eye is dug fro socket—aril , is broken—a forehead drips blood unt !I e% es are blind—a jaw is torn front (ha very joint still the 'gallant work goes on! One, two, thte (inns the combatants hav4 been brought to the sc and—"whigary" is not" yet "triumphant!" Bet high on Sullivan!.-41vo, six; seven,' eight, Moe, the tulle changes—liver iq the favorite with the he howls succeed pauses of (Math-like stillness, and trample fast on the heels! of hurtas. But still 1.1 lane work goes on! The telty is blue above, th luminous as it breaks on t:he shores of the Island : en, twelve, thirteen, fouAlfeu, fifteen times, at d of the "bettio-holders" two human beings have pr como to the "scratch" find attempted to mang another to death, for the amusement of their friend. sixteenth round is called-144er is at his post, hu van does not apperir! Ilbrrah! 'the ten thousand arc his! and—"whigory is triumphant!" Ilarral livan's face is beat to a jidly—his'eyes aro buried the' swollen and mangled tl,sh, while his be pounded to powder! Glorious eight! There victor in his corner laughing—ten thousand goof dorms are his—he has heat his opponent until hi longer crawl, and—"whigery is triumphant.' he th'nhs, with the Ga:efte, that °Thrice amid 14 he to Lo has his quarrel just. r +rtion of the t‘hig i Bankingi com.titnie "nine CIO 4114.10E:4 to repre. h a measure also. tilt is nhtthe foci, e 'they have ever :ye ona If this is regard to law tho GazeVes .f AUGUSTUS DRUlir. ho 'nth senate di3- delphia Wier; mg laws me— - e because BIM of the mem cats, u block one and VAN BURtiN met to Albany., 310 RE, now that pin lir of honor ••1)o fur et, good htunoredly; now you." "GEN. pledge to us." said 'The one he gavo us uded . heitind him." ous storY'Set afloat by Lthat Horace Hanes, ied front California dust, ottr neighbor of alniost as ridiculous a ideal os Consul to the eceived tho appoint tho Society Islands,. a ould find no ono else or reaohed'his point • multi-:kelt Islands, and taitl,that no aro not 4 wo only 'publish it to - candaions insinuation do of sins,' oven so do of china; to say noth- Is, reminds us' that Mr. cps on hand a superior atm, which he sells so hie delicious shell-fish tit them. A specimen ency, found its way on E qoyed a truly delicious by some opicurian-phi of nnything he sees, he naked truth. In this said to speak the "naked ie Nations/ Intelligencer .In Edw4rd ilitiebly, of seven cent silver Coins. its. By the addition of lumbers may be fo'rmed. i ontion of Congress. been coined at the IJni- If a fOrpelneo; the words i," outsiqo of a wreath, tho representation of lon it, encircled with the Mere animal beauty, tho champion of "all g and decency" in the land. If Sullivan you ntil he cries "enough!" then Sullivan gets id dollars, and Sulliran's friends make ell MIME And this is a fine picture of the Gatettes trhi —Dm of our painting. all of it, but nono thoiess We do not know or care whether Sullivan is crat or II)er a whig—ibut we do know that they have been compelled to fight until one was d then tho °the? should have been strung up to the first tree! IlonEwn:ln ExEstertou.—Tho Seuato of ti has pas4d a bill to exempt from levy and sale cl Lion, or for distress for rent. property to the a three hundred dollars. Tho bill teas opposed tu Ktbleg mocker, Snniser, Maitliias,Crabb, a and Fopported by Mr. OvicarlELb, Democrat. ter, said with much force: lle went for the-bill because it would save stead to the poor man, worth at least s3oo—bee poor man would prefer to take land to anythinl ho bad a right to. Ho warned the Senators on both Democrats and Whigs. how they voted on tion, for it would rise up in judgment against tl considered the law abolishing imprisonment fo the most humane law ever passed. The bill was read a third time, and paSsed lowing vote—erery . Democrat but one in th voting in the affirmative—and all in thelnegaf Whigs-but"-one.' 11:As—Messrs. Boas, Brawiev, Brooke, Cun Forsyth, Frick, /hips. Ives. Johnson, (Erie Matthias, Overhold, Sankey, 'Save Starrett, Streeter-Id. • Nals—Messra, Best, Crabb, King, Ken Lanirence, Levis, Sadler, Sntyeer, Stine, Dam or-11. Did not our political opponents promise to thing for the poor, if Goneral Taylor was elects ! not the Gazelle in favor of Homestead Exemj ain't anything else'!" FOR SALE.—WO see that the Ciciyarnu House, located in the Little Bay s is to be aoll Auction, on Monday next, at the Custom Ho city. This house was erected under the Ad of John Tyler, for the purpose of depositing supply of the Steam Revenue vessels on the as those vessels have all been turned out of t service by Mr. Walker, the present ape Sec Treasury, the houses have become useless. tly the Secretary has ordered .then sold - to 'responsible bidder. A Commtnits . r.- . -A recent copy of the Gee cr Zeitung, the official•gazette of Vienna, cola written sketch of James Buchanan, [and terms of high commendation of his despatch' tary of state. Most of his writings have heel into Gornian—as was the whole of his celeti itient - ett-the_Oregol title'tand all, the Zeitu have been warmly idinite - d - for-their-lucid_ their chaste and tomporto simplicity,' and freedom from useless and ostentatious Omani Irf Sixty NVhig wembers of the Legis. State have recommended lion. Josiah ha , post of Attorney General under the new at This looks like a hit direct.at the aspiratio Atidv." WE WILL. MARITT.—A couple of young ladi their father, who was an old humorist, mull aversion to matrimony, that ho would 'not a marry, however advantageous might be the versing on his character the eldest renter ;dead nt last, and now we will marry." "1 'Youngest. "I ant for a rich husband; and 111 my man," "Hold, sistor,-said. the other, ' be too hasty in the choice of our husbands, those whom the powers above have destined our marriages are registered on Heaven's hr "I am'sorry for that" replied the younger afraid father will tear out the leaf." crr The following lineation. "Why la atu cad in Int4ino:se as well 1:a brewers?" waS Our Br.' ""adored: "Bet :Wee printers work for the he d. a ntrbre o era for :he stomach. and whore twent y merehave a f: ol° ' ach, but one has a hcatl." MEE the and fuur tch, MEI = IL 'see e gat• Wave alo r. a call raptly 0 000 ! Tho Sulli• dart . Sul- MEI Des ste .ets the round IMXO o doubt MEM Cr= Demo lought to nd, and limb of is State Er execu-, mint of REM / Whigs, The home 1110 th e EMI in floor. his gum , - em lie ,r debt, ea , I r the fel- NEMI vo being DEMI Mason, . Small, Fgmacher, r e; Speak- 0 POITIO ? And is ,lion? t ant • Coll at ablic se, in this I mitre:ea coal for the Lake, and c Res clue tary of the onsequent be highest en Wien. !mos a well, peakingin 5 BB teen, transl3l ol Irate(' Intl' n p g e d epcicinurlft;: SIMI titre of thlg (lan for t'e m rntitreer or "Ts° I %. A .e boa otte r had tail sa 'Orr the Itrers.. Cm" ked, „id OA r. C. shslll4 don't lot ni et us uarTY for tic l ' r oak," 4 "for 1 VD n i .ora