Gen. Caos's Letter .•
itt MC WAR AND motor PROVISO
WA9if INC) rem, Dec .. 245, 1/47.
Dna* Sta : '1 hewreceive:l yourletter, and
Isbell answer it, astrankly as it was written.
You ask me whether I ato in favor of these
quistion of liestcan territory, and what are my
Sentiments in.rogard to the Wilmot Proviso I
I have soirften and so explicitly expressed
*sty Items of the first question, in the Senate,
iiiit it seems almost unnecessary to repeat
, them here.., As you request it, however, I
shad briefly give them.
I think, then, that no peace should be grant
ell to Mexico, till a reasonable indemnity is
.elktained for the injuries which she has,,done
us. The territorial extent of this indemnity
if, in the first instance, a subject of Execu-
Oro consideration. ,There the constitution
.has placed'it, and there I am willing to leave
it ; not only because I have full confidence in
its judicious exercise, but because, in the ever
varying circumstances of a war, it would be
iniiScreet, by 'a public declaration, to commit
the Country to any tine of indemnity, which
might otherriise be enlarged, as the obstinate
Injustice of the .enemy prolongs the contest,
Ink its loss of blood and treasure.
It appears to me that the kind of metaphy -
lea magnsaimity, which %mild reject all i 1-
demitity et *azimut' of a bloody and cape 1-
sive war, brought on by a direct attack up n
our troops *the enemy, and preceded b a
succession of unjust acts for a series of years,
is as unworthy of the age in which we I"ve,
Ile it is revolting to the amnion sense nd
practice of mankind. It would conduce but
little to our future sneurity, or, indeed, to our'
t
present reputation, to declare that We rep di
tto all expectation of compensation from the
Mexican government, and are fighting, not
forituy practical result, but for some vague,
perhaps philanthropic abject, which escapes
my penetration, and must be defined by those
whir assume this new principle of national in
tertOnsmunication. All wars are to be depre
cated, as' well by the statesman, as by the phi
lanthropist. They are great evil;' but there
are greater evil.; than these, and submission
to injustice is among them. The nation,
which should refused to defend its rights and
its honor, when assailed, would soon have
neither to defend), and when driven to war
it is wit by professions of disinterestedness and
declarations of magnanimity, that its rational
objects elan be best obtained, or other nations
taught a lessdn of forbearance—the, strongest
•
security for permanent peace. We are et war
with Mexico, and its vigorous prosecuting is
the best means of its speedy termination, and
ampleindemnity the surest guaranty against
Oa recurrenceofsush injustice as provoked it.
The Wilmot lerovis9, has been, before the
country some time. It has been repeatedly
discussed in Congress, and by the public press.
I are strongly impressed with the opinion, that
i great change has been going on in the pub
lic mind upon this subject—sin my own as
well as others; and that duubts'are resolving
themselves into convictions, that the principle
it involves should be kept out of the national'
legislature, and left to the people of the c4n
federacy in theirreepective local governments.
The wAnle subject is a comprehensive one,
and fruitful of important consequences. It
would be-ill-timed to discuss it here. I shall
not assume that responsible , task, but shall
Confine myself to•such general views, as are
necessary to the fairexhibition duty opinions.
We may well regret the existence of slits
very in the southern States, and wish they
had been saved from its totroduction. But
there it is, and not by the act of the present
generation; and we must deal with it as s.
great e practical question, involving the most
mententour consequences. We have neither
the • We the. power to touch it where it
sts; and if we had both, their exercise, by
' ny means heretofore 'named, might lead
to results, which no wise wan would willingly
seawater, and which no good coon could con-,
ten_s_plate Without anxiety.
The theory of our government pre-supposes,
that Its various members have reserved to
themselves the regulation, of all subjects relate
• till to whet may be termed their internal po-
Hey. „They are sovereign:within their boo n
&rim except in those cases, where they have
surrendered to the general government a por
tion of their rights, in order to give effect to the
objects of the-Union, whether these concern
(efeign nations or the several States them
institutions, if I may so speak,
whether they have reference to slavery, or to
any other relations. duo:estir. or public, are
left to local authority, either original or deri
vative. Congress has •no right to say, that
-•r there shall be slavery in New York, or that
there shall be nti slavery in Georgia; nor is
testers Any other human power, but the people
of tke.eletes, respectively, which can change
the relations existing therein; end they can
sty, if they will, We will have slavery in the
tamer, and we will abolish it in the latter. '
Ast various respects the Territories4ffer
from the States. Some of their rights Ere
inchoate, and they do not possess the peculiar
attributes of sovereignty. Their relation to
the-general government is very imperfectly
defined by the constitution ; and it will be
found, upon examination, that in that instru
i meat theonly grantor power concerning them,
_le conveyed is the phrase, "Congress sholl
here the power to dispose of slid filti4o all
pevaful rules' and regulations,respecting the
territory and other property blonging to the
United States." Certainly this phraseology
livery loose, if it were designed to include in
- the grent,the whole power of legislation over
Weeps, is well as things. _ The expression,
the "territory and other property," fairly con
strued, relates to the public; lands, as such, to
arsenals, dockyoulf, forts, ships, end all the
tierione kinds of property, which the Coked
• States may and must FOSSCSB,
But surely the simple authority to dispose of
and regulate these, does not extend to the un
limited power of legislation ; to the passage'
1 of all lases, in the general acceptation of the
word; which, by the by, is carefully excluded
(torn the sentence. ,And, indeed, if this were
Ws, it would modes Opnecessary another pro
vision of the constitution, which grants to
Congress the power to legislate, with, the con
sent of the States, respectively, over all places
purchased for "the erection of forts, maga
shteir. arsenals, dockyards, site." These be
ing the "property" of the United States, if
the power to snake "needful rules and regula
tions concerning" them includes the general
power of legislation, then the grant of autho
• rity to regulate "the territory and other W-
I petty of the United States" is unlimited, when
ever subjects are found for its operation, and
its lIMITCIBI, needed no auxiliary provision. If,
en the other hand, jr, does oat include such
power of legislation over the "other proper
ty" of the United States, then it does not in
clude it over their " territory ;" for - the same
terms which grant the one, grant the other.
firtrritory" is here classed with property,
and treated as such; and the object was evi
dently to enable the general government, as a,
property holder—which, from necessity, it
must bes -to manage, preserve, and "dispose
• of such ptoperty as it 'night possess, and
width luthority Is essential almost to its be
-11110 " But the licee7and persons of our citizens,
with the vast variety of objects connected with
OM cannot be coot:oiled by an authority,'
which is merely called into paistenee for the
purpose of tasking rules aid regtilations for
• Ike disposition and management of properly.
• Such, it appears to me, would'be'ttaS con,
*unction put upon this provision of the ITA:Mr
• stitution, were this question now first presen
ted for consideration, and not controlled. by
imperious circumstances. The original or
dinance of the Congress of the Confederation,
pas in )78q, sod which was the only apt
u Ms subject in foree`at the adoption of
the constitution, provided a complete frame of
•
iovernment for the country north of the Ohio,
4114,ire in a territorial condition, and for its
) admission in separate State, into the
Inti And the persuasion, that this °rill.
. i .outs Ind within itself's!t the necessary
memos of exeoution,.• pro ably prevented any
.direct reference to the ai bjeet in thecotostitix;
tiom further: than vein' g• in Congreitii the
right to admit the State for Med under it into,
the Union.- However, ircumstancekortutey
which required legislati n, as well over the,
territory north of the Ohio, as over - other ter
ritory, both within and without the original
Union, ceded to the general government; and
at various times, a,more enlarged power :has
been exercised over the Territories—meaning
thereby, the different territorial governments
—thin is conveyed by the limited grant re
ferred to. • How far an existing necessity may
have operated in producing 'ibis legislation,
and thus extending, by rather a violent impli
cation, powers not directly tiven, I knew not.
But certninfit tie, thavthe prinCiPle of integer
duce should not be carried berm./ the neces
sary implication, which produces it. It should
be limited to the creation of proper govern
mente for new countries, acquired or settled,
and to the necessary provision for theirevent
gal admission into the Union; leaving, in the
; meantime, to the peoi.le inhabiting them, to
regulate their internal concerns in their own
way. They are just as capable of doing so,
as the people or the States, and they can do
so, at any rate,.as soon as their political inde
pendence is recognised.by admission into the
Union. :During this temporary condition, it
f s hardly expedient *to call into exercise a
'doubtful and invidious authority, which qnes
-1 Lions the intelligence of a respectable portion
of our citizens, and whose limitation, what
ever it may be, will ° be rapidly approaching its
termination—an authority which would give
to Congress despotic power uncontrolled by
the constitution, over most important sections
of our common country, 'or, if the regula
tion of master and servant may bit regulated
or annihilated by its legislation, so may the re
lat ion of husband and wife, of pa renLand child,
and of any other oondAkonwhich our institu -
Lions and the habits of our society recognise.
' What would be thiight, if Congress should
nellertalte to pre4ribe the terms of marriage
in New York, orlo regulate the authority of
parents over their children in Pennsylvania !
And yet it would be as vain to seek one jtisti,
fying the interference of the national. legisla
ture in the cafes referred to in the original
States of the Union. I speak here of the in
herent power of, Congress, and do not lunch
the questien of , each Contracts, as may be
formed with new States when admitted into
the confederacy.
Of all the questions that cou'agitate us,
those which are merely sectional in their chtf
'meter are the most dangerous, and the most
to. be deprecated. The, warning voice of him
who, from his character, and services, and
virtue, had the best right to warn us, prodlai
med to his countryruert, in his Farewell Ad
'dress...that motrument of wisdom for him, as
I hope it will be of safet9 for them.—how
Much we had to apprehend frommeasures pe
culiarly afli cting geographical portions of onr
country. The grave circutnstances in which
we are now placed make these words, words
of safelx.; for I a.m. satisfied, from all Move
seen and iscard here, that a successful attempt
to engraft the principles of the Wilmot gro
viso upon the.legialation of this government,
end apply them to new territory, should new
territory be acquired, would seriously itlikt
our tranquility. I llama suffer myself to fore
see or to foretell the consequences that would
ensue; for I trust and believe there is good
sense and good feeling enough in the country to
avoid them, by avoiding all oecasions which
tikigitt lead to them.
Briefly, then, I am opposed to the exercise
of any jurisdiction by Congress over this
matter; and tam In favor of leaving to the
people any territory. which may he hereafter
acquired, the right to regulate is for them
sehes, under the general. principles of the
constitution.Be.cause..- -
1. I do not see in the constitution any grant
of the requisite power to Congress; and I em
not disposed to extend a doubtful precedent
beyond its necesaity--the establishment of
territoral governments . when . needed—leav
ing to the inhabitants all therights compati
ble with the relatiOne they dear to tho con
fedettakort •
2. Because I beLievohia,n3eoitureOf adopt
ed, would 'weaken, if not impair, the union of
the States. ' and would sow the seeds of fu
ture discord, which would grow up and ripen
into an abundant harvest of calamity.
3. Because I believe a general conviction,
that such, a proposition would mieceed,.would
lead to an immediate withholding of the sup
plies, and thus to a dishonorable termination
of the war. ' I think no dispassionate obser
ver at the seat of government can doubt this
result.
4. if, however, iu this I am under a "mis
apprehension, I am under none in the practi
cal operation of this restriction, if adopted
by Congress, upon a treaty of peace making
any acquisition of Mexican .territory. Such
a treaty would be fleeted just as certainly as
presented to the Senate. More than 'one
third of that body would vette against it, view
ing such a principle as an exclusion of the
citizens of- the Slavehulding States from a
participation in the benefits acepired by the
treasure and exertions of all, and which should
be common to all. lam repeating—neither
advancing nor defending these views. That
branch of the subject does not lie in my way,
and I shall not turn aside to seek it.
In this aspect of the matter, the people of
the United States must choose between this
rest riotion, and the extension of - their territo
rial limits. They cannot have both; and which
they will surrender depend upon their repre
sentatives first, and then, if these_ fall them,
upon themselves.
5. But after all, it seems to be generally
conceded, that this restriction, if carried into
effect, could not operate upon any State to be
fiiruted frora newly acquired 'territory. The
well-known attrititites of sovereignty, recog
nized by us as belonging to the State govern
ments, would sweep before them any such
barrier, and would leave the people Ito express
and exert their will at pleasure. Ia the ob
ject,. then, of temrcrary exclusion (or an shot%
a period as the duration of the Territorial
governments, worth the price at wilich it
would be purchased?—worth the disaord it
would engender, the trial to which it would
expose our Union, and the evils that would
be the certain consequence, let that trial re
sult as it 1000 As to the course, whiCh
has been intimated, rather than proposed, of
engrafting such a restriction upon any trea
ty of acquisition. I persuade myself it. would
find but little favor in any portion of this
country. finch an arrangement would render
Mexico a party, having a right to interfere in
our internalinstituitons in questions left by
the constitution to the State governments,
and would inflict a serious blow. upon Our
fundamental principles. Few indeed, I trust,
the r e are among us, who would thus grant to
a foreign' power too r ight to inquire into the
constitution and coaduct of the sovereign
States of this Union, and if there are any, I
em not among them, and never shall be. To
the people of this country, ender God, now
and hereafter, are its destinies committed;
and we want no foreign power to interrogate
us, treaty in hand, and to spy, Why have you
done this, or why have you left that undone?
Our own dignity and the principles of na
tional independence ciite to repel such a
proposition.
But there is another important considera
tion, whiolvought not.to be lost sight of,. in
the investigation of this subject. The luee=.
lion that presenti itself is not a question , of
see increase, but of the diffusion of slavery.
Whether ill sphere he stationary or , progres
siae, its amount will bp the slope, The re
jection of this restriction wili not add ppe to
the'class o servitude, 'nor will its adoption
give freedom to a single being f who is pow
placed thereip. • The same numbers will' be
spread mos greater territory; and so far -as
compression, with - less Abundance of ;he ne
cessaries of life. is an evil, so far will that
evil be mitigated by transporting slaves to a
net* country, and giving them a larger space
to occupy .
T say ;We in,the event of the extension of
Slavery ever any 'new acqaisition-i But can
it go therel This may Well be dolibted,
the descriptionsi Which reach us of the et:in-_
- dltion of tbe Californias alad'orislew Mexico,
to the acquisitidit of which our effbrit-Liteem
et present diceited, unite • in representing
those countries es agricultural regions, subt
ler in their products to our middle States, and
generally unfit for the production of the great
staples, which can alone render slave labor
valuable. If we are not grossly deceived—
and it is,ditllcult to conceive how we- can be
—the inhabitants of 'those ; regions, Whether
they depend upon their ploughs of their herbs,
cannot be shisetiolders. Involuntary labor,
reguiriug the investment of large capital, can
only be profitedile.nthen employed in the pro
duction of a tfewifavored articles confined by
nature to special districts, and paying larger
returns than the usual agricultural products
spread over more considerable portions of the
earth:
In the able letter of Mr. Buchanan upon
tlilssubjedt, not long since given to the pub
lip, he presents similar considerations with
great force. "Neither,"'soys the distinguish
ed writer, "the soil, the climate, nor the pro
ductions of California south of the 36 deg.
30 min., nor indeed-of any portion of it, north
or south, is adapted tos/are labor; and' be.
sides eveiy facility would be there afforded
forthe slave to escape from his master. Stroh
property would be entirely insecure in any
part of California. It is morally impossible,
therefore, that a majority of the emigrants to
that portion of the territory south of 36 deg.
30 min., which will be chiefly composed of
our citizens, will eve.rre-establish slavery
within rte limits. S
"In regard to New Mexico, east of the Rio
Grrande a the question has already been settled
by the admission of Texas into the Union.
"Should we acquire territory beyond the
Rio Grande, and castor the Rooky mountains,
it is still njuseitnposnible4hat a majority of
the , peopre - would consent to re-et:WIWI sla
very. They are themselves-a colored popu
lation, and among them the negro does not
belong socially to a degraded race,"
With this last remark Mr. Walker fully co
incides in his letter written in 7894, upon the
annexation of Texas, and which everywhere
produced so favarablean impression upon the
public mind, as to have conducted very mate
rially to the accomplishment of that great
measure. "Beyond the Del Norte," says Mr.
Walkea, "Slavery will not pass; not only be
cony it is forbidden by law, but because the
colored race there, preponderates in the ratio
of tenpin one over the whites: and holding, as
they do, the government and most of the offi
ces in their possession, they will - not permit
the enslavement of any portion of the colored
race, which wakes end executes the laws of
the cohntry."
Thelfpiestion, it Will be therefore' )
seen on
examination, does not regard the exclusion of
slavery!, from a regiop where it now exists,
but. a - prohibition ugainat its introduction
where it does not exist, and where, from
.the
feelings of the Inhabitants and the laws of
nature, "it is morally impossible," as - Mr.
Buchanan says, that it can over re-establish
itself.
It augurs well fur the permanence of our
confederation, that during more than, half a
century, which has elapsed since the' estab
lishment of this government, many serious
questions,' and some of the highest impor
tance, hair agitated the public mind, and
more than' once threatened the gravest conse
quences; but that they have all in succession
passed away, leaving our institutions un
scathed, and 01* country advancing in num
bers, power, and wealth, and in all the other
elements of national prosperity, with a rapid
ity unknown in ancieritHor in modern days.—;
In time of political excitement, when - difficult
and delicate questions present themselves for
solution, there is one ark of safety for us; and
that is, an boned appeal to_the fundamental
principles of our this:At, m! a stern determi
nation to abide their dictates. This course
of proceeding has carried uses safety through
many a trouble, and I trust will carry us safely
through.many more, shOuld they be destined to
assail us. TheiVilntnt Proviso seeks to take
from its legitimate tribunal a questien of do
mestinpilicy, haying no relation to the Union,
as such, and to transfer it. to another created
by the people for a special purpose, and for
eign to the subject-matter involted in this is
sue. By going beck to our true principles,
we go beck to the road of peace and safety.
Leave to the people, who will be Affected by
this question, to adjust it upon their own re
sponsibility, and in their own manner, and wo
shall render another tribute to the original
principles of our government, and furnish an
other guaranty for itti permanence and pros
perity.
I sin, dear sir, respectfully, your obedient
servant, ' LEWIS CASS.
A. 0. P. NicnoLsorr, eFq., Nathrilto Ten
nesse.
A WILD ANIMAL BUCKLED BY A WOMAN.... ,
We noticed the fact at the time, that while
Raymond Br, Waring's Menagerie was at this
place' some six weeks since on exhibition, a
tigress belonging to it, gave birth to a cub,
the male, parent of which was n lion. While
in New York the other day, we were informed
by a gentleman connected with the menager
ie, that the little cross-breed is alive 4d grow
ing finely... 4 woman in the city whd had lost
her ehild, having taken it to raise at her
breast. We are told that Romulus and Re
rims, the founders of Rome, were suckled in
infancy by p wolf; but we never heard before
of a woman adopting a young ferocious ani
mal, and suckling it as her own child. The
step-methee to the half-lion and lialttiger,
keeps her charge in a bureau drawer; and in
the merning when her husband gets out of bed,
he 'takes the little sharp clawed fellow out,
and places it in the bed with his wife to suck
le. , Wheinungrv, the little fellow makes a
terrible racket, and seems half crazy taget at
the. breast from whence it draws its susten
ance. Though it showievery sign of attach
ment and fondness ,for its foster-dare, we
should advise her to wean it as soon *Bi
ble. This curious cross-breed is a m , its
head and foreparts ,being the complete lion,
the mane already begins to show itself, while
its body is striped, and bears aJull resemblance
to the tiger.
Sick!. IN Pstuonve.—Skill adds more to the
profits of farming than hard work. In the
article of butter, for instance, the same outlay
- is required, or nearly the same, to teake a hun
dred pounds of poor butter as would be requir
ed to make a hundred pounds of thtit which is
good. But, wheri the two articles are mar
keted, there may be five or six dollars of clear
extra profit in the pocket of the skillful dairy
man. The importance of scientific farming
is realized by those who have found such ben
efit as is noted above in pearly every depart
ment of their labor. '
('Mexican Generals dross tip)! if they do
not fight bravely. ,Gen. Valanetais full uni
form is said to be worth ft 20,000, being load
ed with gold And diamonds..
Mr. CLAY'S SNITCH 111 MEXICO ...The Lex
ington speech of Mr, Clay , has been exten
sively circulated throughout Mexico, and has
created quite a lively sensation among the
Mexicane.\ They,' we are informal!, do not
disguise their hopes, that die predominance of
the whig party in this 'canary; will revolt in
the withdrawal of our troops from Mexico.,
They are destined a cruel disappointment.
—N. O.' Delta.
The Washington correspondent of_ the
Philadelphia Ledger, writes as follows on the
011) fnat:
lone Preppie:lt of the Senate has appointed
Senator.: Drcarnson, of New. York, Chairmen
of the comnsitteeon nasal airfare, in the placo
of th • e lamented Mr. Pstarrat.o, of Maine, de
ceased. The selection , dram credit to Mr.
Dattais; for it would be diffieultto find in the
Senate a gentleman more fit. by atquitement
and judgement; end by habits of industry, to
All that important post, then Mr. Dickinson.
, Tl.tl - QI3SER.YER.'
4 , o rlmiyirotlitt U Govottieet too Much."
,
1 :. ''.PR' t E, PA: 1
illaturdni Inorterk, Jsumaty 1 v 18419.
Demociatic ‘ County Conventioi.
' At a meeting of the Dimocratic Central
Committee of this county, held thitiATenlog
it the office of the teCtetary in this Borough,
the following ,resollitioit was adopted:
.1 Resolved, That the DemocratiO Electors of
Erie - . County, be requested to hold primary
meetings in each election district, at the place
of holding their general electiuks, on &Our
day the 6tH of :February, 1898, lit &o'clock
P. M., for the purpose of choosing Delegates
to a County Convention, to be, at the
Court Muse in this borough on the,first Mon
day of February next, nt-I-o'clock, P. M., to
appoint Delegates to the Democratic State
Convention, to be held at Harrisburg, the
4th of March next, to nominate a candidate
for Canal Commissioner and aPpoint ele
gates to a National Convention.
- , 1011Tlf JACKSON;
. - IRVIN' CAMP.'
MURRAY. WHALLO ,
CARBON dRAIIAM,
P. W. MILLER,
JAIJEIS NORTON,
ISAAC R. TAYLOR,
. Committee.
Erie, cc. - SO, 1847.
Ll=
0:7"T oe. H. Er.uscist is a duty authorize ./
agent to procure subscribers for this paper.
01311 OWrir ,a17.24,EM
We aro now engaged in making out the
accounts of thoie who stein arrears, for sub
scription, advertising and job work. It is
nearly five :years since we commenced the
publication of this paper;and Many of our ac
counts remain unsettled for the•whole of that
time. We have become convinced, from ex
perience, that it is far letter to settle small
amounts than large ongs, and consequently
would like to have 'a settlement with all our
patrons during the present winter. " Our sen
ior partner intends' to devote his tine' to the
accomplishment of this object, and will visit
our friends, during the succeeding three
moths, and it is our earnest desire that 'they
will art be prepared to'.receive and send him
on his y rejoicing.
tAgg. LEWIS (7.4.85's LETTER.
This able and pAtriatic. letter, on the Wil
mot Proviso,_ addressed to the lion. A. 0. P.
Nicholson, of Tennessee, Will be found, at.:
cording to promise, in our paper to-day. We
bespeak for it it candid perusal. Buchanan,
DallasandCass.,--a glorionaandbriliant Wa—
lleye all now pronounced•against this great
est,
1
of modern humbujr.
07'The Ohio Demlneratie State Conven
tion Which assembled tit Columbus on the Bth
put in nomination Col. Joust B. WIMLER, as
tho candidate of the . party for Governor next
fall. Col. Weller is ti man of talent, a sound
democrat, a good soldi r, and will unquestion
ably be elected. Th same conivntion, 'on
the I I lb, by a vote 236 tW22, noninated Gen.
1. - Ewis CAS9; for President: Ohio kas taken
the lead in this matter, and will unquestiona
bly be followed by the whole west and south
west. Let the ball roll on., .
______ •
(rp We understand, the amount collected
at the -Assoicinte Reiermed Church, on Sun
day last, for the Ladi'es' Benevolent Society,
was thirty-az dollars-Lregarded by the Soci
ety, under the circutustanees, as a very liberal
contribution. Ille . day was exceedingly.
stormy and unpleasant, and no doubt many
were prevented from- attending on that ac
count, whO would che rfully have contributed,
and perhaps raised t i e amount equal to that
of any of the 'ether hurcher whine collet- 1
tions were larger.
1'
•SONGS FORS
THE PEOPLE.'
We hare - the first
cal work published
Philadelphiti, under t
be published month!
contain 48 panes of
musk and engrarin ! ,
4s is a capital one, f
airs and new songs
ican war. Although
self, we should be p
publication a regul,
Terms, §s3 per year.'
'mintier of a new musi
by Zieber and Co., in
e above title. It is to
'' and eao number will
i ongi, com l iorising words,
!e. The number 'before
I.ntain j ing many national
,onneeted with the Illex,
t ot much:of a singer ()cr
eased to hare the above
r ructor to our table.7—'.
Anixising.
York Courier; must be
:er. He has the names
Daniel Webster "tit the
nd makes . the prediction
nuary nest" they will• be
Vice Dreitd,ent elect of
am
Webb, of the Net
a tvng-p-a regular jo
of en. Taylor and
bend of his paper, 'a
that on the Ist of is !
the President and ,
these United Stateil
What asingular co
is necessary to mak=
And, then, Mr. W
seecessor of Gen.
gramme!
That is a good jokel.—
, njunction! No comment
it thoroughly ludicrous.
!bster is set down as the
Taylor. What a pro-
A petition
Legislature of Ale),
crick Kollessinti 11
geatt De La Ferro
Isltunmene Pavilli.
change his name t.l
16 gishattra ought t i
meane.
l as been presented to thei
that Char 'Fred
lan Poniatowrki Le Pog- ,
see De La Poognellairiee
, n, may be permitted to
frineis Thinean. The
grant the petition, by all
EP' A direct •nte was taken 'the other
day in Congress, u .ontlay!s project to With
draw our troops fr m blexicO and end the war.
Thje project was ontained in resolutions in
troduced by Mr.H (loon, and the result was a
decided failure,nnly 40 voting in - the affirma
tive. There is +no apprehension, enter
-Mined of any soripus opposition to the - vote
for supplies, . ,
Q? We are indebted to Messrs, Brriey
and Johnson, of ilie State }innate, and Messrs,
Batt, s,Ctick, and'Kerr, of the House of Rep
resentatives, for j ut li documents.
(1".?' The pUblishpri of OCiodey's Lady's
Dollar Nowt!Pafr i r.",' announce that they htkve
imployed the serrices pf that popular female
Writer, i 4 Grace preenwood," as one pf the
contributors to that paper. 13heivill improttp
it, if it is susceptible of being improved.
flY"The present population of Wisconsin
is estimated at 210,000 to 230000 end it baa
in point of numb‘rd, preeedeace'of six states
in the Cnion. I Upon idmissioni intoo the
Union, this woogentitle, her to three mesa : .
bers of Congress, end two Senders. Pretty
well for a territory that only seventeen years
agnrcontained. but 3,255 inhabitants..
ar'-,The ninonnt ,collected in Phlloelphis
fur the relief of Wires, children and mothers
of volunteers . in Mexico, is *3,848 10. 'A
noble charity.
TEM GOVEII2II4EItaitESSAGO.,:- :
This excellent do, utfinut tvas received hqia,
on 'Saturday lastf:st
,10 o'clock A, ,M. and .
- laid Infers our re4iers at ap. M. Wp,' hate,'
perused it with p entire, Oid we are sure vVe:
echo the views of very tintrieeret when we pic4,
nounce it it clear, trong anddeeided piper, o ne
recoMmending, i all its positions the Prue
democratic policy The improvement -in the,
finances of the COmmonwealfh, as exhibited
i
'by the message, must be deopty gratifying to 1
the people of the State; and show, when con='
treated with thelondition they were In when
the Governor ca e into office, the wisdom
with wide; h n directed the helm of Stat i c,
Then our credit - as a bye-word' and a re
proach—inow it is re-established and each suc
ceeding year pro ices fair toward a still great
er reduction of tlie State debt. The polity_
recommended fort our future guidance by the
Governor cannot but suggest itself favorably to
all classes, and we hope to see it fully carried
- • _
In regard to ba'nits and banking privileges,
the message mess our views so completely
that we cannot refrain from re-inserting the
following possagd. It will bear repeating a
I
dozen times, and should be engraved upon the
i •
hearts of every demOcrat. ,
"The present is 4 most propi• ions perio I, when,
1
there is un Amide ee of gold and silver in the
country to ittako a. etermined r.ff'irt to increase
its circulation and eclat eto the people 'the cur
rencyAeldeli the t Wont of th frant.lis of the
Courilitotion of the United States provided. In
mead of enatninr: ;ew haolta or increa , ing, the
capital of old ones i our cairn, should de directed
to secure the sulveiry of tho,e whteh ufreany ea.•
ist, and therby reodenheir chi:Wailer' strand and
teliable. ; 1
Isar !d
Timed v. kb Ore forts of iliese considera
tions I am ,convi(iced that the increase of the
Ranking capital of ; - the State will he unwia , and
impolitic, and Lreitpectfully recertninend that‘be
fore any one of thil existing bony is iechartered
a searching seTutisy be institute into its affairs,
its manatement, is credit and it 4 means, and if
it bo loutid that tb , notes have heels suffered to be
d, thatpicciated, 013 accommodaltiols have been
4 1 1
bcstowed upon 1 . 44,0 ;Cs oat aroe speculators and
dealers in money. in•teast or tieing diffused among
moderate bath cusimera, ill it they ,have at one
period cricourag.e(, speculation by their excesses.
and at. another ololressad honest iladhstry by their
eontraction., in story fiat the lkilitroce object
for which the privileges were grunted, have 'not
been by fair, fiitliful and juclicien,a management,
accomplish, d the their charters should be suf.
fered k to expire by jheir own limitation. The dii
corstintiante•of sii:h institutions (will promote the
public good and mill be liai.bul 4-illt upprobation
by all but.those alto' have for prit'aie gain wrested
them from the litOpose for whichithey were eiitati
lislwAl. , ,
This policy. so , i-just to rands the public, while
it may, to a modorae extent, diminish the pres•
ent amount of baiiltingi ezipitahllwil i l I ri7 rengiben
pdhiic confidence 4 in the other batiltS; and add id
the stability and 11oundness oftll6.l;turency. And
as this may also tinzrease tire rofitt of existing
banks, neyond a Jost compensa ion, to the share
holders fur their I vestments, arid as this est:teas
of gain is dgolve front the privileges conf f rred
it
upon them by di legislature ' I recommend that
the tax imposed bythe act o' the Ist of April, 1835,
upon dividends exceeding 8 per cent. per annum,
be increased. While dos ;mincer - Arms to exces
sive bankin. , will he reasonably cheated by the
increase of this tax, the finances of tire Stole, .to
some extent, will be improved, and the public
welfare promoted.
'The policy indicated will lead to a rigid execu
tion of the law, prohibiting the circulation of ibr
alga notes tinder the denomination or five dollars,
as soon as the balance orthe relief issuers arc
cancelled.- . Wil.; ,
This will be a positi i
ve advance n t ,m oiprole.
ment of the currency 'it hieh should be then i follow
ed'hy a law L prollibiting - the circulalion of , all
notes below the denomination of ten dollars: •r:re
channels of circulation will then be filled with an
ainindarice of gold and silver, ilia' pubtio setan-ed
againarilieshances of loss by broken banks and
depraciated - -currency, and the way will be open.
ed to buch lurher immovemopts as the real inter.
ea's and • couvettience of the V'ople may demand.
~ The cautionary enactments-. 1 have etlZues;Cd
- cannot fail to increase rather tha'n diminish the
amount of a sound circulating medium fOlAy, anti
tied to the public
,confidence. 'File effect will 1 - 11:
to bring the specie of the country into active dr•
etilation,„to furnish the people with a substantial
currency that cannot be injured by hank failures,
and to restrain lire tendency of t liqba nks to mitre
.extravagance in times of prosperity. anti to check
the means of oppression in times of adversity."
1
'The views of the Governor on the Free
.13ankiilg sybtcm ere given fully, and without
reservation, and although some of his politi
cal friends may differ with him a's to the pol
icy, they cannot but admit that his positions
a r e invulnerable, for who does not know the
fact, that "neither individuals or banks cant
lend that ulna' they have not, and if they
lend credit' in the' r ehape of bank notes with
out the means to 'redeem them in gold and
silver, they commit a -fraud upone the com
munity, as they lend and put in circulation
that which is riot plorpy, poi., the rOresznta
tire of money." ,
That portion ofthe message relative to in,
corporating mining, manufactoring, transpor
tation and other l companies, meets our entire
approval, and w 6 take pleasure in calling the
'attention of our readers particularly to) 4.- 7
On the war question the Governor is clear
and patriotic, and echoes tine views of the en
tire democracy. On the whole we think it a
sound Statemani like document -. ,
Mich does
honor alike to the head and heart of its distin
guished author. - ' . .
07' The New York Herold thinks it odd
enough that Mr. Hal?, of New Hampshire,
and Mr. Ca' Ilona, of South Carolina, should
have suddenly become bed-fellows, in oppo
sing the war. We think so too.
- 07- The ladies of Charleston, S. C., have
presented to Gen. Shieldel, for the support of
of his wounded arm, a sling made of deep blue
satin, on which is embroidered in gold cord a
Palmetto tree, surrounded' with a golden
wreath - of Shamrock; with the motto="las
per sustained the Palmetto—the Palmetto
will sustain a • Sh i ields."' A deserved and
beautiful compliment. , '
QJThe Fredonia Censor 'does'nt like Goy.
Young's views . of the Mexican wit.. In
this, it folloivs,_as usual in the wake of Gree
ley.of the Tribune.- Its "sufferings is ititoler-
Ole,"
(The first number of the YLancnsterian
and Chronicle of the Times," by M. D. Hot
brook, has been received ? It is a large sheet,
neatly printed, and advocates the election of
Hon. Gee. M. Dallas to the Presidency, and
supports democratic measures with ability.
1:1:7r The "Don Quixote" of the Buffalo
- Republic, proposes tp Show that the members
of the recent pernocratic Cpnrention in Ohio,
misrepresented the sentimehts of theirconstit
uents, in recommending Gep. Case for the
Presjdency. Hein certainly feted to the same
mishap of his namesake, when he attacked
the wind-mills ;
in the old adage. , that it's no
use arguing, with a fool, we: leaver the Editor
of the copmereial?s explanation of his con=
sistency on the litexiceau war, with the pimple
remark, that it is just as clear as mud, and as
consistent asithe bora JirOpe;ition that be
cause twice ttvq would be four, therefore twice
four would be twd
"A Lirll.p AlDOraii4.ll, o
• Arhong the many preambles and tirselutians
introduced into Congren-in rOlit t 4• to they
Mexican war liy thelvhigs, so* hitt aeton
ished us more than the folloWi l tig;•by_the Hon;'
Mosas Ilistetost, - from thO / Piltottaidistric.*
in this State'. , Never haling heard of Or;
If. before he was brow ht for Ward as a can
didate for : Congress, e badjOgeti him to be,
from thecharacter / of the, district ' w•., he
renresentsot flecitted City whig ), oppose d , t
l itto
the wM', and consequently, to the further ac
viisitiot of territoryt's indemnity. lb this )
it appear3/wo have been mistaken. The
Plttsbur/ Dispatch, a nentril , paper, i In
speaking of Mr. II: in commotion with t his
/ . c
n
movement, soya o " is not a Mall to do toy
thing in a hurry; he is proverbially under the
guhlance of Cis judgment, and we doubt not
has well revolved in his own mind the whole.
influence of his,scheme."
Whereas, in pii."suance of the existing war
,with Mexita,% large portion of the territory,
of that .republic has fieeLi reduced into our
possession by, the ormy and 4avy of the U. S.
and for-this and other Call6CS It has become
difficult, if not impracticable, to restore a per
manent and honorable peace, by any treaty
that could be ratified by any constitutional
authority in Mexico,,which • would be -recog
nized and observed by the people arM States
of that republic, and ratietiatied by the Presi
dent and two-thirds of the Senate of the Uni
ted States; and as aprotracted-war will ne
cessarily be attended with a vast expenditure
of blood and treasure on th'e part of the U.'S.
and probably result - in the complete conquest
and permanent subjugation of the whole of
Mexico; and as the said territory is now free
and must remain so until its 'character be
changed by local laws enacted by the citizens
therehf;
And whereas it is believed, that the people
of that country are, anxious to secure for
themselves and their posterity, that degree
of tranquility, liberty, and protection, which
we enjoy; and that the prosperity of the peo
ple of both countries; and the cause ofhuman
ity, peace,and civilization, would be promoted
by their voluntary union under one confedera
cy, and the consequent vast enlargement or
our home market, and free interchange of
their staples and specie for our products and
manufactures:
Be it therefore resolved; by the Senate and
house of Representatives of the United Steles
of .4inerica, in Congiws assernblrd, That any
of the States or Territories, within the limits
of the republic of Mexico, now occupie I by
the armies of the United St ates, or tinder Ike
military government thereof, may be admitted
from time to time, as States or Territories of
the American Union, upon the free an& vol
untary application of a majority of tt e. people
of such States and Territories for that put. ;
pose; and the preidntatiOrt-by*thein to Cool
gross of a republican
,constitution or form of
govcirnment, in cot.fortnity with the provi
sions °Otte constitution tit . these U. States.
What the Maga think of Mr. Al's proposi
tion,l may be gathered from the gleans of the
Ptit i sburg Gazette, the organ of federalism
in Allegheny county. That • paper writhes
under the infliction equal to a Mexican lan
-
cers offer era little more grape" . from, 'Capt,
Brtor. Hear
Comment is unnecessary; What the
unit d forces of locofocoism failed to do; has
been accomplishod by ' one . , wha was se
lected to till the po.t of honor. A locofoco
tnetnber has been elected by whig votes. He
has Ishowo his willingness to sacrifice the
hope of the Union, and of the_ Whigs, tpithe
locof4coes upon n cardinal principle, and we
have no guarantee that ha will got abandon
the,honor and interests of his constituents
when internal policy is the subject of debate,
The tariff he Will abandon, no doubt; iiitth
the (same facility with which be-has abandon
ed the whig position the origin of the war,
and in relation to the conquest Mexico."
Yea, verily, "cotnment is unnecessary,"
yet.i we will soon find Hon. foses Hampton,•
assailed by the whole kennel of whiglings, all
eager to fasten the charge upon him of being
hotight by the Administration.
"Another Daniel coma to Judgment."
It will be recollected by our readers, that
hisl Excellency, Gov. YOUNG, of • New York,
waft elected last fall by the combined influence
of Anti-Rentisni and Greeleyism, in opposi
tion to the. Webb, or war portion of the Whig
pat* in that State. It Waspierefine natural
1
to suppose he would chime lin with Greeley
an his Tribune, in his Message, and de
noii race w the tear with Mexico, as " unholy, un
ju i and unnecessary ," kc. £..c. Such, how
-1 ~ ,
ev_ ros not the fack—having climb into power
)
an I place, on the shoulders of mr. GreelFy,
he hos ;to neticbeing hurled fronfthac po
sit on, by clinging to his fanatical opposition
to
i j ,
fps country's war, as the following' extract
fr in his message, will abundantly show :
'lt the Legislature of this state in 1846,
wen the first intellige nce was recieved, that
A letkart blood had crimioned the waters of
RI Grande, upon a proposition to appropriate
ml ney for the el l irohnent of troops, in express-
He ultra I thed believed to be my duty as a
nvinber of that body, I said that "our country
is' in a state 'of actual war with Mexico.—
i ue can doubt the cause of that. war, they
ar• to me now unimportant. Al! here known
6 ; t from the first, I was opposed to the An
n ',ration of Texas, but that is now ,~a matter
f egone. Texas is now bone of our bone,
a d flesh of otir flesh, ppd they Who' invade
a y portion as that country, invade the Uni
te Statesi and I will as soon vote for the-en
rolment of troops to protect the soil of Texas
a to protect that on which I now stand." •
i Whether the conduct of the. government in
ordering our army to be' marched into that
country has been such as it should be-or not,
is also a foregone conclusion. Our country
has been invaded. The blood of our citizens
h"as been shed, and I will sustain that country
and those citizens against a foreign enemy,
at all times and under all circumstances,
"right or wrong." Although those impulsive
suggestions were naturaß consequent upon \
the receipt of intelligence that the blood of our
People had been shed, such impulses, in mat
ters of this discription, tray generally i be trus
ted; and I said nothing which, npommature
consideration, I do no nut feel it my duty to
reiterate. Ido not, however, mean to be un
derstood as saying, nor can such an inference
_be fairly, drawn limn anything I have said,
that it is unimporfiint„ in a war with tifor
,eign country, that the government should be
right. It. haw everywhere been truly said,
that war is among the direst calamities that
can beta! a nation, particularty if its people
have felt the subduing and refining influences
of Christianity and civilization; and can only
be resorted to for just causes and be justified
by a high regard for the integrity and honor.
of the nation. National honor ip not merely
etherial, the echo of high soutidig works. It
is intimately connected with our well being,
the power of self preservition, and l itideed our
very,existanfe•ps a nation.•
,- •
. The power to declare war is ve fed in the
'congress fg' the'Utlited States; and hen once
engaged an war either by declarati n ' f Con-
gress,,oF into which we have been i olunta
dig. plunged by the aggressions a foreign
government the power to make p recta
with the
,President of the
,United Stepp and
the Senate; and that doctrine wych eaches
phedience to municipal laws whatever their
character, until they ' re'rFiodified or repealed,
requires of us as citizens of the United States,
and in our corporate capacity, - as ono of the
members.ef the confederacy, to come up io
the help of the government sgainsi. ti foreigq
• -i
, . .
enemy. linweiper we may have been hew +
ved ie v. er, and whatever its causes or objec ts;
such is one conditiins now . We are inLa E st ;
of war with Mexico, end in Its progmes, Al
country boa resimnded to the demands isfp elt ,
riotism, with a spirit and zeal els pure a c e
ardent ad that whifh borne to the hobects s t
t hosPw hit Giught t battles of the Rev olutle e .
Under officers whoa names will live as los t
as the knowledge of etterr, by,'which their h.
roiedeedslhave bee recorded, our at fili lit e
achieved a• series of the most brilliant victt e .
ries known to the h story of ancient or c c *
ern limes.' 1
the `t dtietry., tit aye indisposed to a ;
still receive with joS, any think of an hun c h.,
We polite. bat , to,ietnter a peace henorible,
she would demand,' c udhat vright to recoirt,
that it shall Ile rompatilvd with such i c _
ei l
demnity, as, upon e pa"e of'history , will b e
an acknowleligmen by Mexico, of the c cp •
s „
riority of oierlrmef. But of the character sod
extent of such inde, pity. I may not spetk i s
this communication.
_With the fetus of
peace will comp a season of calm dellbersev a
and searching inmeiry. i
G
. ,
The causes, the lleouduct and results of e l
war maybe then pl'operly ant! usefully lu lls .
tigated. . But until coreneiny shall lime hem
subdued, discussions involVing collisions of
opinion at home, cannot fail, by exciting fain
expectations in Mexico, to embarrass rugs
tiations fur peace.;
(confidently trust, therefore, thit soc,h,y,,:
cuoinns will not be allowed to diatratt no
deliberoOons as long as there is an enemy i e ,
the field. I feelassured that we shall look
only to the bone.*of our Bag. lbw far leg.
islation from Yoe m..v be demanded, resulting
from the war with bk'Xicashi ITPrehentle t t.
cannot at this time be cieLerrn:ncd. '
It will be seen that the Governor assumes
the true Americ'an ground, that the territory
between the Nuecea andlhe Rio Grande, vu
a pinion of Texas, arid just as much entitled
to the protection of t e Government, either ts
repel invasion or of erwise, as the State of
New York,—that anY discussion tending i t ,
place our country in he wrong, and our sty
my in the ritht, will be giving " aid and vim.
fort to the enemy," and tend Vr protract the
struggle. A morn withering and scathing
rebuke, than this portion of the message, o s
think we nevel. read. And so the Tribune 4 . 1)i
its allies trap l it, for they do nut scruple to
impeach, not only the Governor's serscity, but
his honesty. With this, however, we hate
nothing to do—he speaks truth, and assumes
the ground of a patriot, and for this we beau
I F ,
him.
• (;1' The Strlainbont,BlUS Ridge blew tl
on the Ohio river ,at l' o'clock on Saturd. :
night . with a tremendous explosion. 71r
%hole sank iinmediatcly leaving a portion o
the cabin afloat to Which the passengerssay..,
ed;•retreated,for safety, '7O eoula on board of ;
who 20 or 3 0 . perishe d; few persons Elrod
any 'thing, havirig to go athore in their night
clothes, the cause of the explosion was from
the defective cluiracter of the boilers •whielt
had'been in use 9 years.
fa• Hon. Nyyman B. S. Moor has bent
appointed tic the Governor of Main, to supply
the vacancy occasioned liy, the death of Sew
tor FaiNeld, until the, Lekislatureshall elect,
Q}' Philadelphia City and county has cn.
sen delegatea la the 4th of !blotch Conventio;
favorable to Mr. Dallas. 'J
(7The St. Louie papers are talking off
extending the magnetic. telegraph from flu; •
placo to the Pacific. The diattnce is _OOO
miles, =which at $1,50 a mile would maketix
total cost $30c),600.
meeting of the friends of Gen. Tic•
tor, w•as held at Nrashington city on Wei
neaday, when I aundyy speeches acre made
and a resolutiori adopted to do nothing at pees.
ent.
COMMUNICATIONS.
Mi:ssas. Dun ttx Et; SLOAN ' :•+I oSserve is
several of the Democratic papers in this Stu,
the name of William Beatty, of Butler„sap ,
gested as the democratic candidate for Cosa
Commissioner. Allow me to express, lhrouli
your paper, mp, hearty concurrence in thal
suggestion. Mr. Beatty is well knoWn esti
active ,and influential member of the Start
Legislature many years since, and ,afterwar:t
an active representative in Congress, fm;
this State, for two successive Congresses.—
hie is also well known to those who knew t
best, to be one of the most uniform, unwavr•
ug members of 'the Democratic party.
A DEMOCR4,I7'.
=I
Messrs. DURUM EL, SLAAri:—There is t
circumstance in the political world, peculiarly
noticeable, and although small,,it is work ct
a ttention—i is this;the particular carettkea
by the Whiffs to conceal the name al Mt •
DALLAS, among those who have been awl,
by the Democtatin party, for the Presides'!
Even the sleepy Chronic'e, of this city, seew
to hare got the cue: and endeavors to kol
back titre name,of Mr. DALLAS. ILook rat`s
hist number of that, sheet ;—lt announcers
its readers, that "the friends of Cuss 1 - :
Buchanan, respectively, had a trial s -.*
strength, in Philadelphia city and count! , '
few days since. The Cassites came offA
torious." Now, does not the editor of ds •
Sheet know, that the contest in Philade:o l l
,was not bet Ween the friends of Cass anal - 1
chanari, butellhat the delegates favorable 91 .
Mr. DALLAg, were electedf- If he knesraDil
thing about it, ho must have known tha t '' ,
Now why is dile ponpealnleht dareia ll l. Per'
severed in by our Whig brethren!. Is
they it:!. are - particularly anxious 1 - . l _
I t
because
DALLA should not be the candidate, sfi
knowing, that if nominated; he woUli Q 4:
certainly than any other, obtaih the er,!
`democratic vote, and therefore More setts;!,
than any other, be elected I And his i's; .-
tion ritore than any other) would exPO'se'. l ' :
falsehoods of their political propheciea %, ,
or two since, of -ruin to the country, 07 k, ~
passage of the tariff law of 1846?' ' ;,.
I observe in connection „with this, a a ., r :
sition also 'on the part of some of the fri 4 : 7'
of My. Thiel:mutj not to let the naked to: :
of .Ifr. Dallas' Tepidly , growing lopulle
come to tight. A letter writer fof thelit ~...,
risbqgh Union, in speaking of thetriestisl 3:
reasion 'it
Philideliphia,l says : "Mr:. )Judaea
friends mad ' i a glorious fight here, 10.' 1 °.
1 reasn to b \ proud of their strength I!:
hone of Mr. Dallas." 44 Glorious fie , , - 1,
deed! to be d fend ',
,feed! But this writer is
earl'ul not t :itate the result °Lille Pq 4
pc
lianc4fir county, 01 40 :
of
; c,
Mr. Buc anan; and where also!delel!.
w re chosen favorable to Mr. Dallas , 11 !:
fire of their manifestations, another tl - , ,..,
writer in the same paper, speaks as 0 4 :. ,..
there was no other name-in Pennsylvsoiri c :-
nested with the Presidency, but abet tc( ,
. 7 "' , ., ,_.
Buchanan as t • I was notorlP'-
•
!~f