THE COLUMBIAN, BLOOMSBUR& in WHY COST OF LIVING JNCREASES Demand for Food Will Soon Ex ceed Home Supply, Says Commission Expert JAMES J, HILL'S PROPHECY We Have Reached a Point Where We Are Ceasing to Be an Exporting Na tion of Edibles Effect of Coun try's Growth. New York, N. Y. Henry Dunkak Is President of the New York Mercan tile Exchange, the organization of pro duco commission merchants who linn dlo New York's fresh food supply. The World asked him why the cost of living Is Increasing so rapidly. This is his reply: "Natural causes a coniploto change In the conditions governing our national food supply. Artificial charges here and there, extra profits in some lines, combinations In others; local conditions In cities have tend encies to Increase certain pikes, but those are the exceptions, not the ruling causes. I'nderneath them lies the basic reason; namely, a demand for food that Is Increasing faster than the supply. "We have reached n point where we are ceasing to be an exporting nation of food products. Our population Is increasing bo rapidly that we are con suming at home nearly all product of the American farm. A few years ago we exported large quantities of food; to-day we export little save in special lines; n few years hence we may bo importing. "It Is a very simple rule In econom ics that when the demand proves irreater than the supply prices rise. This is the condition we are approach ing In the food question. This Is why prices are steadily advancing. "Mr. James J. Hill the railroad man, Is considered, I believe, an authority on the grain supply of the West. He has stated that we, as a nation, are rapid iy approaching the time where we will cease to export wheat and flour and consume at home every bushel we can raise. I am not fami liar with the details of the wheat sup ply, but I accept that prophecy, be cause I know the same conditions are applying to the fresh produce of the larm the butter, eggs, cheese, milk, .Yegetables and poultry. "Until recently great dairy State. New York was n It more than sup plied this city with Its butter, milk and cheese. To-day we go far West for the greater part of our butter and eggs. The States of the Mississippi Valley supply the New York break fast table. The commission merchant la driven to go further and further West and South for his consignments' of farm produce. "The very rapid Increase In popula tion has a double effect. First, there are a greater number of people to be fed, particularly in the large cities, who do not raise any of their food supply; secondly, there is a decrease In the available acreage in Eastern States, owlrg to the spreading out oi communities. Every new town that springs up or expands Into a city draws first on its own immediate vi cinity for farm products, and there by decreases the supply that former ly was shipped to the metropolis. "Thus everywhere the general de mand for food products is increasing while the available supply grows very little larger. The first effect of th demands is to raise prices at inltia! points. The fanner can ask and re ceive higher prices for everything he raises than five and ten years ago. There is a steady upward movement in all market prices. "Examine almost any staple on the list, butter for example, and you will find the average price from the dairy onward has had an unvarying rise. The producer, think, has had the first and largest benefit of this Increase. "The longer distance from which New York must bring its fresh food supply naturally leads to some in crease in the cost of transportation. Only a very small part of the total comes from nearby regions. The truck gardens of long Island have been turned into building lots. The milk trains start 200 miles or more away from the city. Iowa butter Is sought after. The States of the South furnish us with vegetables. "But it is not merely these special conditions that is raising the cost of living. The real causes lie further back. The population is growing enor mously. We are wanting and getting better qualities of food. The demand is going ahead at such rapid pace that it is overtaking the supply. The re sult is inevitable higher prices. "There is the answer to your ques tion." Baby Weighs Pound and a Half. Cleveland, Ohio. Elizabeth Bond, of No. 7,700 Deulson avenue, is five days old and weighs only one and one half pounds. Doctors think she will live. The baby Is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. J. 0. Bond. ;vl fej I'll MOTHER STILL CODDLES DOLL Clothed In Fresh, Clean Drees tech Sunday, with a New Ribbon In Its Hair. St. Louis. Although Mrs. Catherine Adams, who lookH as If she Were sev enteen, Is the mother of a pretty babj boy, she still cares for the first ten: big blue eyed doll her mother g.m her when she was u little girl. For the ten years she has owncc' the doll she has never neglected it, toilet. Each Sunday finds It with i clean and bright dress, n new rlbbo:; In Its golden hair and a ne:it littlt bow about its nock. The little girls of the neighborhood know about the hie doll to see it. Tehy have never handled ii, xnougn, because it Is bcccr.nl nv more valuable each year ns an heir loom. Little John Qulncv Adams tint n.t a year old, is not neglected, however. Decause or the mother's fondness fot the doll. The doll is about two feet high n:iii has a wax face and natural hair. It Is generally dressed In white. "I think a great deal or therio'I," Mrs. Adums said; "but of course I think a million times more of little John Quincy. It's a different kind ot love I have for him." Aeroplane Hat the Thing Now. Chicago. The National Assocl.it -on of Retail Milliners, assembled nt Hat Arts Building, launched the ucroplant as the new style of headgear, pi:t i: ban on the peach-basket hat ami c!e creed the three-cornered hat of t Louis XVI. days as the stunning bon net for the coming winter months. The new creation In milllnerv art resembles an nlrship In shape, having two long feathers on either end a::c a curved rim. Its dimensions nn it: by 18 inches, and. because of Its light trimmings, it weighs considerably less than a pound. MARRIES MAN OF HER CHOICE. Girl Sends Distasteful Suitor After License While Wedding Goes On. Cincinnati. While Philip Fisher was securing a license to marry Alice Carney, a wealthy young woman of this city, the clerk remarked that a license had been Issued to Winifred Carney of the same address a few minutes before and asked if the two were sisters. Fisher dashed out of the court house to the home of Miss Carney, where she was being married to Thos. Kllgour, and attempted to make his way to the room where the ceremony was in progress. Friends of the cou ple kept him on the street until after the knot had been tied, but he made a scene and finally left the house In high dudgeon. Mrs. Kllgour tonight gave out the following statement before leaving for her honeymoon: "I have been engaged to Mr. Kil gour for some time past and I have known Fisher but a few months. He was persistent In his suit, and flnall) In a Joking way I told him to go ahead and get the license, but my friend and acquaintances well know that I was engaged to Tommy. I suppose FIslrer took me at my word, and that is how the mlxup occurred. But 1 Hm happy, and that is all I have to say." A NEW UNWRITTEN LAW. Man Acquitted of Murdering Man Who Paraded Naked Before Family. Grand Rapids. Mich. That William Shultz was Justified in killing Ray Ed wards for parading naked be!o-( Shultz'a wife and children was tin verdict of the Coroner's Jury am Shultz was released. Public sympathy was strongly witt Shultz. William Wlddicomb. a mem ber of the board -of works and ownei of one of the city's biggest furniture factories, offered to be one to k'.vi any amount needful to defend Shultv and he was Joined in the offer b, Henry J. Heystek, C. S. Udell, Ralph Tietsort and others. Tietsort took Shultz to court in his automobile. Shultz Is a laborer and has eight children. LIGHTNING TANS BULL ALIVE. Black Hide Untouched, but All White Hair Burned Off. Ogdensburg. N. Y. A Holsteln bull at pasture on Thomas Winthrop's farm near here was almost tanned alive by lightning. The beast was struck by a bolt between the horns and the current passed down the broad white blaze at its nose, the white stripes on the neck, fore-shoulders and forelegs into the ground. The black hide was untouched, but the white hide and the skin of the bull's nose were burned hairless and tanned to the appearance of leather. The bull was stunned, but will live. Leaves Thirty-Eight Children. Indiana, Pa. Thirty-eight children mourn the death of their father, John w. Miller, aged siventy-slx years, who died at the country home here, where he had been an Inmate for several years. Mr. Miller was married four times. One wife survives him, As Observed. "Golf Is a good deal llko the piano," observes the grouchy old sportsman ' Its generally played by peoplo that don't know much about it" c2?7 csi v m fir "H lp DEEP 8EA FISH. jfTI Startling Changes Take Place Wlien , They Are Brought to the Surface. When a deep sea fish is brought to the surface, how gradually and care fully soever Its bones are often llko bo much touchwood and Its muscles like rotten pulp, whllo its eyes aro burst from its Buckets and its vis cera are often blown out of the boly cavity by the expansion of tho air bladder. It frequently happens that deep sea fishea aro found floating helplessly on the surface of tho ocean, with Iari;o prey In their stom achs. Their appearance under these circumstances is accounted for by tho efforts of their struggling victims to escapo from their Jaws, rausing them to ascend beyond the horizontal ono which they usually Inhabit. Uoep sea fishes are commonly black or dark brown. But although It Is claimed that light Is essential to the formation of colors, some deep sea Ashen are scarlet in parts or uniform red or rosy. Others aro silvery white, while, according to Alcock, the neo copcltis is "(mo dazzling sheen of purple and silver and burnished gold, amid which Is a sparkling constella tion of luminous organs." Stretch Thia Square. Stretch this square out two feet. Looks like an impossibility, but it can be dona. By taking a sharp knife or a pair of bclssors, starting at the upper left hand corner and cutting clear to the dot in the middle, follow ing the line all around. After you have done this got some one to hold on end and you take the other and sco if it doesn't stretch two feet. Cactus Yielding Pulque. Of the many kinds of cactus and agaves that are found In Mexico, only ono species, the so-called "Maguey aloe," may be said to possess an economical value, becaue the pulque, tho Mexican national drink, Is tal en from that cactus. For that reason tho plant Is being cultivated and there are found -large plantations where thousands of this cactus are found with their horny leaves and their large slender flask fruits. Only once In one hundred years Is fruit pro duced by the plants, but each fruit gives at that time up to 400 quarts of juice or pulque that is collected with a syphon and left standing until fer mentation sets in. Then the pulque Is hastily brought to the places where It is to be sold, because it can only be used one day after the fermenta tion has been completed. The d; 'nk is of a milk color and has an unac.ee- uble smell. The drink is iutoxica.ing, although It contains only a small per centage of alcohol. Death Sentences In Belgium. In Belgium the death sentences are never carried out, because King Leo pold promised his mother as she vas dying that he would never sign his name to a death warrant. Conse quently, although his statute pre scribes the extreme penalty, it Is only carried out constructively. The con demned person is regarded as dead in the eyes of the law. In place of his personal appearance on the scaffold. the executioner substitutes a broad sheet bearing his name and sentence, posts this where it may be read by tho people, and so leaves It, while the criminal Is put In prison, to stay there for the term .of his life. Ancient Burial Custom. Skeletons of ancient Britons which have been dug from the gravel in va rious parts of England show the man ner of arranging the body for burial. The custom was to make the body occupy as small a space as possible. The knees are found drawn up at right angles with the body, the head pressed back, and the arms folded In front of the chest. In one case, tho fingers of the right hand are doubled underneath, while the left hand is bent at the wrist. The skele ton of a woman from Garton Slack had a crude hairpin back of the skull and a flint Implement near ffie teeth. Relics of the Classic Age. It has been estimated that more than $200,000 is spent daily on the averago by foreigners when visiting Italy. This enormous income is, of course, dependent upon the historic associations of the country and lta many famous ruins. If for no other reason, It, therefore pays the Italian government well to preserve these ruins for the sake of the income thus derived. Herewith is shown a pic ture of one of the temples of Diana In Italy as it appears at the present day. Like many similar relics of the past, it Is carefully guarded to pre vent further decay. London Milk Fair, Another landmark of old London disappeared recently when the au thorities ordered the destruction of the milk fair which has boeu a fea ture of St. James' Park for 300 years. Tho women who conducted the fair, with their ancestors before them, had been in possession of the placo for centuries and Insisted that long occu pancy had given them a sort of per petual franchise. THE MOUTH LIKE ' THE E Secrets That the Telltale L:nea About the Lips of a Wo man Reveal HOW TO MAKE THEM FRAGRANT The Disposition Indicated by the Wrinkles About the Mouth Scents for the Lips A Pretty Mouth as a Matter of Dentistry. There are women whoHO mouths do not suggest roses. The main fault Is the shape. The rosebud mouth should bo rather short and a little wider than It is long. It Is a little short to be classic. The trouble with the faulty, mouth Is generally first Its shape, then Its expression, and lastly Its ap pointments. The mouth should be filled with rows of white, even teeth. The lips should be a deep pink, more pink than red. The rostibud mouth suggests the rosebud in other ways than In shape and color. It must have the scent of the rose. Women who can alTord It scent the Hps with a drop of attar of roses. The HtUr being slightly oily will not dry out tho lips. It may keep them from chapping, and It "certainly makes thorn pink and fragrant. Women who do not want to spend half a dollar a drop on attar can do very well with substitutes. A drop of any oily perfume will do the work nicely. Oil of rose geranium- is one substitute. Of course one must not use a heavy sweet odor. - Then the personality of a woman must be taken into account. One drop of the oil of pessamlne Just suits out woman. Others prefer spice, and if not used crudely there Is a cer tain fascination about the slight odor of splco. The woman of Judgment will be careful of the clove or the stick of cinnamon. She can use both or either, In connection with violet. A strong clove olor is not to be desired by the woman. The rosebud mouth must have no wrinkles around it. There are wom en who carry a great number of deep wrinkles always around the mouth. The'ie are the set wrinkles of deter mination. These are the shape of parnteses, and they surround the mouth as though one had marked around it with a pencil. The deter mination wrinkles look as tho- gh they were there to stay, as they gen erally are unless treated. There are wrinkles that are really marks of happiness. They are the smiling wrinkles. There are always a few dimples along these happy lines, and the laughing woman need not worry about them. They are pret ty, and people will tell her she has a happy look. There are other wrinkles that are not of happiness. There was a wom an who once had a rosebud mouth. One day a couple of teeth were taken out on the same side of the mouth. The result was a crooked mouth. No mouth can stand two missing teeth on the same side. The Hps drew a little to one Bide, and when the woman smiled there was an ex pression of sourness. It took a dentist and a masseuse to straighten her face. If a woman has a crooked mouth her first trip should be to the dentist She will ot course seek a cosmetic dentist who alms to make her face belter looking. Most dentists merely supply fillings regardless of looks, but the right kind ot dentist will do work that does not show. No mouth looks like a rosebud as long as there is a deep wrinkle ex tending from the nose to the mouth. It Is seldom seen in the young, but It is almost always present In the face of maturity. Mouth wrinkles are treated entirely differently from other wrinkles be cause they are of different origin. They are disposition wrinkles. You can Judge a woman's disposition by them. "Don't marry a woman whose mouth is set in deep round and round lines," advised a phrenologist. "Such a wom an will have too much of a will ot her own. "Don't marry a woman with a line -running down one side ot her mouth to her chin. Such a woman will be cranky. She will have opinions. Mar ry a woman with an eveuly balanced mouth. "Don't marry a woman whose mouth lines are heavy and whose up per Up Is long. This means selfish ness. The prominent mouth and the retreating chin in all cases mean that a woman Is looking out for herself and her own interests. "Don't marry a woman whose lines are like spider webs enclosing the mouth as in a network. This means that the woman is a worrier. "Marry a woman with a ripe red mouth set in a tranquil face. Don't be afraid to tell your wife after you are married that you married her for her pretty mouth. The woman who knows that her mouth Is pretty will be much more apt to preserve her beauty than the one who Is in Ignor ance of the fact that a good mouth Is her chief feature." Four-Flushing. Women are four-flushers, too. Many a time a woman says "pass the cream, please," when she knows well that there's nothing but milk in the pitch er, mighty thin milk at thut. RED FRENCH SAVINGS. The "old woollen stocking" In which the savings of France are horded, according to tradition, ap pears to bo as inexhaustible as the purse of Fortunatus. According to an estimate recently published in Brus sels the sum extracted from It In the last two years to be lent to foreign States and cities reached the petty total of four thousand million francs, or $S10 ,000,000. Streams of cash are constantly flowing from tho great banking houses of Paris to all parts of the world. At the present time there are nine nego tiations In progress for great foreign loans. Brazil, which has borrowed 43."i,000,000 francs in two years, Is now In the market for a further ac commodation of 40.000,000 francs to establish an agricultural loan fund for the State of Sao Paulo. Nicaragua lias virtually concluded a deal for a loan of 30.000.000 francs. The Finance Minister of Hcrvla has opened pour parlers for tue floating of 100,000,000 francs worth of bonds, the money to bo devoted to railroad building nnd the purchase of armament. The l'p rnwa Fondawa or mortgage bank, a State institution of service which makes vast advances for agricultural work, is also looking for an advance of .10,0().000 francs. The canton of Berne has made known in financial circles that It will soon be ready to begin negotiations for a six million dollar loan for public works. It Is only wnlting for the nec essary authorization to be embodied in a law by the Cantonal Council. St. Petersburg wants $24,000,000. Bucha rest asks a modest sum of $r,000,000 nt 4 per cent. Buenos Ayres Is well advanced In negotiations for $15,000, 000, nnd the Kongerlget Norges Hypo thekbank, a Norwegian institution to the Servian mortgage bank, is in process of floating 110,000,000 worth of paper which It has recently decid ed to Issue. This makes a total of $111,000,000 sought in loans nt one time In Paris, yet none of the operations if of first rate magnitude and none of the sor rowers of first rate Importance. It represents merely the routine 'busi ness of the owner of the inexhausti ble stocking. MENTAL THERA PEUTICS. The influence of the mind over the body has been recognized In all ages. The knowledge of that which could be done by playing upon the hopes an(J fears of men and women singly or In groups and masses has furnished the narrow-minded priest, the charlatan, the astrologer, and the necromancer with the means of subduing their fel lowmen. The grossest superstitions have been grouped around this knowl edge; but also some of Its noble uses were known and practiced. In our time the facts of human experience which were well known to the anci ents have been brought out Into the light of science, and we begin to study the operations of the mind without fear and with a freedom hith erto unknown. The Improvement comes not so much from an advance In knowledge as in a better interpreta tion of that which everybody knew, but did not understand. A NEW TERROR. According to the report of Profes sor James H. Hyslop in the current number of the Journal, of the Ameri can Society for Physical Research a new terror has been added to death. A goldsmith obsessed by the spirit ot a dead landscape painter has taken up the brush and is painting pictures In the manner of the deceased artist. What will happen to the picture trade If the ghosts of Academicians revisit the glimpses of the moon, there to find the living who will paint at their bidding! It is a question of terrific import, and perhaps it will give a new twist to the problem of "repro ductions" of old and new masters. Spirit photography is bad enough; this is worse. FATIGUE ANTI TOXIN. According to Weichart, meat Juice beet tea supplies to the system a fatigue antitoxin, and is not simply mild second-class food, for Its active power in removing and preventing fatigue is altogether out of propor tion to its food value. Those who labor with their brains and skilled artisans whose crafts demand men tal attention and little muscular ef fort will find their powers best on a light breakfast, slightly more plenti ful lunch and a generous, hearty meal at the close of day, provided three to five waking hours are allowed for the brain and mind to contribute their share of nervous Influence toward di gestion. BENEFICENT BACON. It Is a well known fact that bacon cut thin, well cooked, brown, crisp and dry, can be taken regularly and for a long time by those who find all other facts intolerable. This makes it a valuable article for delicate children and others who are weak and fastidi ous. FACT AND FANCY IN AERONAUTICS. The uresent indications nm that the airship and aeroplane of the fut ure, even when they fcave been de veloped to ' their ultimate perfection, will find their field of usefulness ex clusively in the work of scouting and me carrying or dispatches. The Gluten Club, of Amherst, has proved that life can be supported on four and one-half cents a day. Would life be worth living It it were as cheap as that? POfcMS IN PROSE. The hen's admirers grow. Constant Is their Increase. The first official aut of Nebraska's new Lnbor Commission er was a formal appreciation ,,f th, pillnr of society. According to m Maupln. this fowl brought SIS.ooo ood worth of eggs to market In Nchra'. last year. The Commissioner u un prepared to estimate the value of her offspring In the way of friend chicken She laid 1,200,000,00) eggs n ym' Placed end to end these crks would reach .around tho earth and overhn 12.000 miles. They would inaUc nn egg walk three feet wide reaching from Omaha to Ogden. With hum thry would furnish breakfast for fioo.nuo. 000 peoplo nnd make an omelette odd.. talnliiR 025,00 J cubic foet. Tim hen was worth more to Nebraska than the boasted wheat crop of $1'G,0"0.000 almost twice ns much ns the oat crop of $tG,000,000; twenty times as much as the barley crop; twenty time ns much as the rye crop, and one third as much as the much-tnlkedof crop of corn. The Commissioner believes Nebraska needs another seal. Is he not right In thinking that upon that seal no figure so well domands rccog. nltlon ns the everpatlent, busy, nnd unpretentious hen? WHENCE SPRANG MAN I Where did man spring from? Pro fessor Keith addressing tho Hoyal College of Surgeons on the subject of man-like apes, advanced the theory that about 1. "0.000 years ngo there was a group of animals from which sprang the gorilla, tho chimpanzee and man. Asked for evidence to support this theory, he pointed out there wera elgbty-serrn bodily markings common to the gorilla r.nd man only, and ninety-eight which aro peculiar to chim panzees and man. He estimated that there were more than 100.000 clilra. panzees and 10,000 gorillas alive to day, but that within 200 years there would probably be none left. "Think," said he, "what a gap there will then be between man and all other living animals!" Tho professor pointed out that the biggest and best teeth were found in the gorilla, and that teeth got worse ond worse on through the orang-outang and chimpanzee down to man. SMALL FOES THAT COST. (Ireat enemies are met and van quished. Small foes thrive while the ways and means for their banishment are sought in vain. As a case in point there comes an official statement from Washington that the Norway rat is costing the country $100,000,000 a year. Similarly, the cost of enduring the cotton-boll weevil threatens to reach a far greater sum each year; thero are a score ot fiends of the beetle family chewing up $200,000,000 of for est trees annually; the chinch-bug genus has been equal to the destruc tion of about $330,000,000 in cereals in a decade, and its capacity increases yearly. Besides which, the codling moth In the apple trees, the borer among the peaches, the Hesslon fly, the brown-tall and gypsy moths and many other swarming -pests help to pile up a total annual insect cost ot hundreds of millions. A DUAL AFFLIC TION. Elizabeth Stuart Phelps In a paper on "How to Endure Invalidism" In Harper's Bazar, says among other tilings: "We may have to force our selves to learn that invalidism Is a dual affliction and that the patient does not bear the whole of it There Is little enough that we can do for people who have the dreary task of taking care of us. ... An Irrita ble word Is a poisoned arrow, flying heaven knows where and hitting God knows .whom. We have yet to learn that It does any less hurt because the trembling hand of an invalid bent tho bow. It is not in human nature to love people sick or well who are continually shooting at us." OBEDIENCE TO LAW. "The greatest service to the na tion, to every state and city, to-day would be the substitution for a term of years of law enforcement for law making," says Mr. James J. Hill. What Is wanted from all, both great and small, is a spirit of obedience to the law. In a self-governing democracy law enforcement Is nearly synony mous with voluntary observation ot the law. Perhaps if the people took the laws more seriously they would make fewer of them. A SUGGESTION FOR JERSEY. In carrying out New Jersey's law, which provides for "protectors" in community to watch out and tell the liquor sellers who are the actual or potential drunkards, the authorities should fill the new offices with wom en. Some women like this sort of thing, and It's an even chance that a man who tried It would get his bead knocked off. The opera grows more expensive every year, whllo the Invention and skill of composers and librettists seem to be waning. Most of the best-liked works in the modern repertory era more than fifty years old. A sanatorium for healthy persons has been opened in Vienna. Well, why not? Is it right that the sick should monopolize hygienic facilities? A man may be a good farmer but a poor salesman. It he has sense enough to know it he should turn the selling over to his wife. An easy way to be unhappy to-daf Is to .worry about to-morrow.