2
inriii
Many Experiments With the
New Anaesthesia.
STUDIED FIVE YEARS
Work Inspired by I'rofesstir Steph
en Luduc, of France Gone Fur
Along the Pnth of Ksporinientn-
Con-Luduc Twice Applied the
Current to Himself.
important experiments In the use
' elect; lcity as an anaesthetic have
I -'n made recently btfo.-e the So
i ety oi Chemical Surgery In the
Siboratory of experimental surgery
in lonnectlon with the College of
Physlc.ans and Surgeons at Colum
bia University.
T'ue work here has been Inspired
by Dr. Stephane Leduc of the Col
lege of Medicine, Nantes. France,
who hes gone far aloLg the path of
xper!mentation having twice ap
1 lied the current to himself.
The current which produces the
"electric sleep" as the French call It.
fci different from any preMcusIy
known. There Is a sp-clal nppnr
tus for Its application, the principal
feature of which is an interrupter
fcy means of which a maximum of
Kore than 6,000 Interruptions a
minute may be given. The cr
rmt Is of low tension and constant
direction that is to sty. a current
i nlrh acts for a time, ceases, recom
mence. ar.A so cn by rcu.cr ir.tcr
naU. As soon as the interruptions cr!re
the return to consciorsss is i::i:ie.
diate, and this return haa no re'a
tion whatever in appearance or s-n-nation
to the -eiurn f-om uncon
sciousness induced by presort anaej.
thetics.
Electric sleep conres almost Im
mediately within a nilrr. te or two af.
ter the currenv Is turned on wh'l
those who have witnessed the admin
istration of chloroform, ether or
tnyi chloride know thai U is a pro
cess some.imes taking half j.n hour
or more, dependent upen the resist,
lng power and general conditicn of
the patient
Experiments for local anaesther.ia
by means of this Interrupting cur
rent, which have lormed part of the
experiments at Columbia, were com.
fletely successful. It was shown
"St by placing an electrode over
medium nerve In the wrist the
n'e body fed by tnat nerve was
.jcted The return to the "norm"
i -a Instantaneous with no condition
i. impaired circulation. Dogs were
"1 in these experiments, rather
than cats, rabbits or squirrels, for
the reason that he dog's nervous
system closely resembles th human,
tnd Its Intelligence Is of help in that
ft would show some resiLtimnt if It
sufferer, and would run away from a
further experimenting. Some of
the dogs have been on the operating
table five or six times, and do not
tpparently mini It in the .east.
So far the one weak link In the
hain of successful experimenting
has been In the matter of respira
rion. the Interrupting current when
applied with too great Intensity, leav
ing the heart action perfectly free,
but paralyzing the breathing
an effect which has to be met by pro
ducing an artificial respiration,
which is done by the application of
another electric current.
All of the physicians it the labor,
atory agree that a new era In sur
gery Is at hand when the old time
horrors of the operating table will be
no more.
"There Is no branch of medicine
and surgery that it will not reach,"
they say. "The lnsomrr. that comes
from excessive pain the terrible
t euralpic spasms, -he pangs of child,
tirth .ven the attendant pains of
which have always been one of the
reproaches of mcoical science all
these and more will be relieved.
When the anaesthetic properties of
chloroform were announced, its dis
coverer was lookei ion as a Favior,
and at his death a tablet was erected
to his memory in Westminster Ab
bey; but lust as we 'ook back now
with horror at the idea that the old
rime palliative to rain could be of
fered, to shortly we will "ook back
ith the same honor at the Idea of
using any of the pr esent anaesthetics
and drugs that are employed."
Optica in Painting.
In order to avoid undesirable
chemical mixtures, a few painters
nowadays resor to the rather Inter
esting expedient of putting little
dabs of different colors alongside of
etch other (Instead of combining
them) in aucb a way as to produce
tbe requisite optical effect when the
picture la wlewed from a distance.
In other words, reliance is had In the
principle of optics, the tints being
fused by the eye.
Incidentally to the scientific exami
nation of a vauable picture, resort
lb sometimes bad nowadays to the
expedient of cutting from one of Its
edges a tiny atrip abont - mllllme
ter in wldtn and a couple of inches
icug. which la thereupon divided in
to a number of smaller pieces for
microscopic examination. When one
f these pieces la placed beneath the
m'croscope It may be observed In
'osa section, the touches made by
th painter appear in para. lei bands
i'd on In chronologn ral order. "l!y
. nuanB," says Dr. Leraaire. "we
i Mil the nature, the make-up. and
. .a the age of th several layers of
the painting." The Saturday Even
.In" PobL
WONDERFUL TALKING CROW.
26 Year Old and Loves a Lively
Conversation.
The greatest talking crow on eiria
has celebrated Its twenty-sixth year
of captivity. It Is the property of
Homer McGee, a son of a carpent.-r
of Cameron, Mo.
The bird is In the habit of greeting
various persons whom he meets in
t'.ie streets In a loud voice, though
aMds from a few words, his vocabulary
Is little known to the ordinary citizen.
But at home he becomes loquacious,
and his owner is sometimes com
peliol to insist that crows shall be
seen and not heard.
One gray-haired woman relates that
she was leaving home on a certain
afternoon when she heard a cry of
"Grandma! Grandma!" She looked
everywhere, thinking that her little
grandson had come, but presently saw
the crow peeping mischievously from
the housetop.
When the writer visited him at his
home the bird called members of the
family "Pa." 'Ma." "Nora," and
Talking Crow and Its Owner.
"Homer." H s Interrogative. "What
for?" was interposed In various parts
of the conversation with most laugh-ab:,-
results. He called the chickens
to their feed, clucked like a hen and
niewed like a kitten. It was said that
he enjoyed a dog fight above all else,
encouraged it in the beginning by
shouting "Hi-hi-hi!" and adding fuel
by spirited ejaculations of "Sick 'em!"
and "Lick 'em!"
Making Electric Light Bulbs.
The process of makine the mini.
ture electric llcht bulbs that are no,i
such profusion now for decorative
d advertising purposes is one re-
ui
r;ng a great deal of manual skill,
rather, skill both of the hand ami
mouth, for they are blown l,v mnmh
from glass tubes, which are Imported
ecia:iy for the purpose. The large
ibs used for ordinary lichtinir Mir.
poss are made by machinery.
itie biggest factory for the morn.
facture of these tiny bulbs Is In Hud
son street. New York, and it turns out
the busy season nearly 3.000 bulbs
day. The first Drocess I hinwinc
the bulb. The end of the glass tube
softened in a eas flame an
closed, and then a spot In the centre
the tube is held In the flame until
becomes soft enough to work. When
at point Is reached the
blows it up to the required size and
then lays it aside. During the blow
lng process the tube is kept constant-
turning in order to preserve the
lymmetrical outlines of the hih
This part of the work is done by men.
omen ao not seem to nossesa ini
power enough for It
while this is golne on. rlrla in
other part of the shoD are nt wnrlr
soldering on the little specks of car-
Don wnich-are to furnish the light to
tiny win?3. The bulbs are closed at
one end, cut off the tube, and passed
to a girl who sets the nrbm. t
them and passes them on to another
ornman who anneals them nn tn
fork containing five bulhsi all
munieating with a trunk tube. This in
urn is annealed on a branch -mmi
contains twentv-flve hniha tv,
branches are then taken to the ex-
nausting room, where they are at
tached to a series of air pumps and
the air is exhausted from them. Each
duid :s then subjected to a gas flame
again, and the end is hermeHrsiiv
sealed. After this come the minor
operations of flnishine. testing onn
fitting to sockets. Each lamp is test
ed three times before it is allowed to
go out, and It must also conform a.
to size, to a standard measurement.
The Old-Style Menagrie.
The first elephants seen in tii
United States were exhibiting in tav
ern barns, moving from town to town
In the night, to prevent the inhabi
tants Trom "seeing the elephant" free
of cost. The earlier circus managers
leased their animals from Importing
speculators. Turner, who toured prin
cipally in the East, added a menagerie
w ma outfit In 1844. leasine an eir-
phant and six cages of animals from
James June. In 1847 Turner increased
me attraction by exhibitine a hlnnn.
potamus made out of leather. As Tur
ner was originally a shoemaker nor.
haps he manufactured the fake beast
himself. As late as 1872, George F.
oauey & uo. toured New England
and the middle states with a caged
stuffed giraffe in their collection of
"wild beasts." In 1851 the Turners
sons or tne original Turner, purchased
their animals, and it is claims
they were the first managers in this
country to do up. Collier's Weekly.
Wive and Daughter Pawned.
They have a curious way of utilizing
wives and daughters in some parts of
India. If a man want8 money he
puts these members of his establish
ment In pawn and his creditor detaim
them until the debt la discharged.
The custom varies in different local
ities. In Melore the Yercals pledge
their daughters to creditors, who may
either marry them or give them away,
and a man who has to go to Jail de
posits his wife with another family
of her tribe until his return. In North
Arcot unmarried daughters are fre
quently mortgaged and become the
absolute property of the holder ua.:i
liquidation.
5fr
mm a
THE COLUMBIAN,
385 POUNDS AND STILL GROWING.
Only 28 Years of Age and Miss Car
ter It In Good Health.
By the time she baa attained her
full growth Miss Caasle M. Carter of
South Bluehill, Me., can justly lay
claim to being one of the largest wo-me-
In the country. Although but
28 years of age, she already tips the
scales at 385 pounds, and with good
health and good appetite In her favor,
is gradually Increasing in dimensions.
What the limit will be. and how
soon It will be reached. Miss Carter,
of course, does not knoT and If the
subject Is giving her any worriment
it Is certainly not causing her to lose
flesh.
She has an appetite which calls for
thr generous meals per day, and the
matter of dieting as a means of reduc
ing her weight has apparently not re
ceived her serious consideration.
Added to this healthful appetite Is a
love for exercise In the open air. and
summer visitors at South Bluehill
have marveled at the vision of this
Miss Cassie M. Carter.
extraordinary woman indulging. In all
sorts of games with the young folks
and bouncing about in the surf.
When Miss Carter was born there
was nothing to distinguish her from
thousands of other children. She
weighed only C4 pounds, and partook
of all the characteristics of her par
ents. Her father weighed 130 pounds and
her mother only 115 pounds.
The father died whoa Miss Carter
was 13, and she hits since made her
home with her mother, to whom, in
many senses cf the word, she is a "big
he!p." The child's gain In weight
was only normal until she was a year
old. but from that moment to the
present her physical progress has
been of the most remarkable charac
ter. At the age of 20 months she weigh
ed 05 pounds and made a substantial
lapful for a mother, who could boast
only 115 pounds. The bouncing which
she received upon the paternal knee
was considerably limited on this ac
count. The baby carriage was made
of the very strongest material, and
the mother who trundled it often kept
an anxious eye upon the wheels and
springs, fearful of disaster.
At the age of five Cassie stepped
upon the scales in the village grocery,
surrounded by a wondering group of
the townspeople. The grocer tried
the 100 pound weight and the beam
flew up with a force which threaten
ed to put the scales out of commis
sion. When the notch marked 62 was
reached the beam remained -suspended,
and Bluehill had the champion
5-year-old. with a weight of 162
pounds.
Two years later the girl weighed
211 pounds-and her fame spread
throughout the eastern part of the
state. Her subsequent gain was
steady, and has brought her notoriety
which would be very annoying had
she not been accustomed to it from
childhood.
Miss Carter's latest measurements,
taken a few days ago for a Globe
correspondent, are as follows: Height,
4 feet 8 inches; around the waist, 4
feet 5 Inches; around the bust 5 feet;
around the hips, 6 feet.
With such dimensions It may be
readily understood that Miss Carter
long since despaired of obtaining
wearing apparel In the manner of
other women. All her clothing is
made by herself and mother, for It
I Is Impossible to find anything In the
stores which will fit, even stockings.
Instead of shoes she wears the widest
kind of slippers.
Bargain day at the local dry goods
store Is entirely lacking for her in the
attractions which it has to other wo
men of her age.
Her dally occupation is housework
and she Is surprisingly nimble in the
performance of it.
She is present at mcst of the school
events In her town, and occasionally
Indulges in dancing, although she Is
very modest about her ability In that
line.
She chats In a very Interesting man
ner, with all who wish to talk to her
and Is entirely free from sensitiveness
about questions which concern her
size and weight. Her unfailing good
nature makes her a general favorite
among the townspeople.
The Wonderful Umbrella Tree.
Tha umbrella tree Is found in Ceylon
in greater profusion than anywhere
else In the world. At a matter of
scientific fact these trees grow to
their greatest height and attain to
th-Ir greatest size In very wet, rainy
countries. This gowth frequently It
due to the fact that the tree requlret
a great deal of moisture, and not be
cause It Is needed to keep off the
rain. The tree forms so complete an
umbrella that a number of persona
might take shelter under Its spread
ing branches. The foliage Is, as a
rule, so thick that It serves to keep
off the rain almost perfectly ran in a
heavy downpour.
BLOOMSBURti,
HOTEL OF MANY GRIEVANCES.
Accepts Guests Only When In ths
Right Humor.
In the Peirulla circuit of hotels is
one that runs intermittently, as an
oil well flows. If all the members oi
the family are in good humor and at
peace with the world, it Is open for
business and the traveller or wayfarer
finds good cheer beneath Its roof. But
if there happens to be a row on, or
other internal dissension, it is Impos
sible to get a bed or board. This
sometimes causes the travelling public
annoyance, for It Is the only hotel
In the town; but travelling men who
"make" the Petrolia towns have be
come used to it, and they make the
best of It.
Besides the landlord, the family Is
composed of his wife and two daugh
ters. Their man of all work Is a
negro porter. If the "old man" Is
In a miff he refuses to admit a guest
to the house. If the wife and daugh
ter are out of sorts, they refuse to
cwk for guests. If It Is only a kitchen
grievance, guests are given rooms, but
they must And meals outside. If the
trouble Is In front, there Is neither
bed nor board. While hostilities are
on the women sew or visit the neigh
bors and the "old man" and the por
ter play "pitch." If it Is a kitchen
row the "old man" Is particularly
agreeable, but if It Is his own griev
ance on!y the porter can get along
with him.
One afternoon a traveller struck
the town when the "old man" waa In
a bad humor. "We are not receiving
people to-day." the landlord said,
without stopping his rama of "pitch."
"Why not?" the traveller, who was
a stranger, asked. "That's my busi
ness," replied the landlord. "Well,
may I sit here and rest?" "No; you
may leave your grip here, but you
can't stay yourself. You disturb tho
game." Just then the porter caught
the "old man's" Jack and he added
angrily. "No, and you can't leave your
gr.p here, either," Kansas City Star.
A Famous Old Arithmetic.
The present generation is Inclined
to think of Daboll as the father of
arithmetic, and those who posst-ss a
copy of his work th'nk they have a
treasure. Indeed.
The Star representative, however,
has privilege of reviewing a text book
in mathematics published 73 years be
fore the famous Daboll was born. This
book is undoubtedly one of the oldest
owned In Otsego county, and Is con
sidered & great curiosity by all who
have seen it.
It is the work of Edward Cocker,
printed November 27, 1667, by John
Collins, two years after the author's
death. The work is famous, since It
was for years considered a forgery of
Collins, and In its day caused much
discussion in the colleges of England.
CollinA, who was an actor and poet
and an Intimate friend of Edward
Cocker, dispelled the accusations
against him by proving manuscript
for the book to have been Cocker's.
The latter was one of the most fam
ous authorities on arithmetic of h!3
day and published many books.
The fact that the multiplication
table appears in the book gives some
force to the common expression, "As
old as the multiplication table."
Primary pupils of to-day who are
inclined to believe that this combina
tion of figures was especially prepared
t; rack their memory should find
some satisfaction in the knowledge
that children of at least two and a
half centuries have drilled upon IL
Oneonta Star.
The Ancient Chariot of the Sun.
This curious bronze object was dwj
up recently In Sweden. It represents
the chariot of the sun, and was a
votive offering to the sun god of the
ancient Scandinavians. It Is richly
ornamented with fine chisel work, and
The Curious Sun Chariot
the disk representing the sun shows
traces of gilding. Of the six wheels
only one remains entire.
The Greatest Ocean Depths.
The deepest sounding ever made
by any vessel, says The National Geo
graphic Magazine, was by the United
States steamship Nero while on the
Honolulu-Manila cable survey, with
apparatus borrowed from the Alba
tross. When near Guam the Nero got
5.2G9 fathoms, or 31,614 feet, only
sixty-six feet less than six miles. 11
Mounf Everest, the highest mountain
on earth, were set down In this hole,
it would have above Its sumroit t
depth of 2.612 feet, or nearly half s
mile of water.
Thomas Jefferson's Andirons.
Mrs. George Horn, of Newark, N. J.,
has In her possession a set of antique
andirons formerly owned by Thomas
Jefferson. They were purchased at a
sale of a tenant, who lived at Monti
cello. Thomas Hilts of Brldgewater,
a., came Into possession of them ?i
that time (1826) and they remained
In his family until Durchased bv the
present ewner last July. The outfit
consists of two brass andirons and
brass topfender, and all are in a tplen
did stats of preservation.
f
XVfcgdable Preparaliorifor As
similating thcFocdandRegula
ting the Stomachs and Dowels of
Fromoles Digestion.Cheerful-'
ru?ss and Rest Contains neither
(Mum.Morphine norIiivcraL
OT NARCOTIC.
W- Semi-
a?.
ApcrTecl Remedy forConslipa
Tion , Sour Stomach, Diarrhoea
Worms .Convulsions .Fevensh
ness And Loss of Sleep.
Facsimile Signature cT
XEW YORK.
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THE COLUMBIAN,
A childless home is a cheprltwi hninn
The maternal Instinct exinta iu everv
woman, ami wnen it i ungraunea one
is deprived of much of Ihehaimine of
life. It often happens that childless
ness Is due to some cause which can be
removed, and often is removed by the
use or Dr. Fierce a ravorito Prescrip
tion. The vigor and vitality which
this remedy imjiorU to the delicate
womanly organs, puts them in a condi
tion of normal health, the lack of
which is often the sole obstruction to
maternity. Every woman sliou d read
Dr. Pierce's Common Sense Medical
Adviser, a book containing 1008 pages
and 700 illustrations. It is sent entire
ly free on receipt of stamps to pay ex
pense of mailing only, bend 21 one
cent stamps for the paper bound vo'
ume. or ai stamps ror cloth covered.
Address Dr. R. V. Pierce, 63 Main
ritreet, Buffalo. N. Y.
She ''Oh, a woman can alwavs
pull the wool over a man's eyes.'1 He
'I guess that's right. Woman owes
her very existence to the fact that Ad
am was once caught napping.
CASTOR I A
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lng and soreness be driven out of the
tender, inflamed membranes. The fits
of sneezing will cease and the dis
charge, as offenaive to others as to
. yourself will beKUpd when tiie cans
i es that produce it are removed. Cleau-
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