THE COLUMBIAN, BLOOMSBURG, PA. TKE GRANGE Conducted by J. W. DAR30 w Ptimw Cnrrcupnmlrnt .Tor York Stat Urnnitt F. A. DERTHICK. Mantpr Ohio tinle Rrnnvc and n nn)nt I ndrr Unrnrld. F. A. IXTlliIrk, flip milijort of tills skotch. In mimlcr of tlio ntntn rhihito of Ohio nnd wiih fleeted a incuihcr of the lintiotuil prnntro rxeotitive com mittee nt ltd Inxt meeting. He U n Kriiihinte of Illrnm enlloKrt of Ohio mill wns n pupil of Presi dent .Tiuiips A. Garfield. He Is n trustee of the eolleRe, and his elettiint home Is dltuated on Ier thick hill, over looking the col lege building. Ilia wife mill P. A. PHRTITIrK. flvp c,I(lron nn, (rrndnntes of the same Institution. Mr. I'erthlek Is one of the prospermia form ers of the Huekeye State who find time between planting nnd harvesting and lini vestiim and planting to devote considerable time to the agitation of those reforms which the grange Ileves will work to the betterment of the fanners as a class. He resides nt Mentor. lie has n reputation ns an orator and a writer, as well as a stu dent of scientific fnnrilng. He has been connected for a number erf years with the state agricultural department in the cnpaclty of lecturer at farmers' In.stl tutes and In this manner has attained a wide reputation In his own state as a lender In ndTanccd Ideas on technical fanning. He has also studied the so cial nnd educational problems of the rural communities. He Is one of the ftrong members of the kUiU nnd na tional grange. TENT WORMS. A tral Warfare to Be War4 on Thcue Pent, by the Oranse. Dutchess county (X. y.) patrons are going to deal with the tent worms legally. All the granges in that county are to be asked to Indorse the follow ing act, which will be presented to the next state legislature for Its approval and enactment Into law: An act for the destruction of tent worms nd their nosta or tenu within the county of Dutchess. Commissioners of highway In each town within the county of Dutchess shall at such time or times In each year as mny te neessnry destroy tnnt worms with their nests or tonts In the trees on the public highways In their respective towns, and they may purchase all torches, im plements or materials necessary and proper for such purpose, the cost of which, with the compensation of the highway commissioners n,t the rate of 12 per day each for the time spent on said work, shall be a town charge. The owner or oecupant of all lands within the county of Dutchess at such time or times In each year as may be necessary and when tho presonce of such tent worms In the trees upon his land become apparent shall de stroy the same with their nests or tents. A Center of Communication. Tlie Patrons of tho Order In Pennsyl ranla have 11 sort of clearing bouse for surplus produce, which is in charge of Mr. S. U. Day of Washington, l'a. He styles It a "center of communica tion." Patrons In uny part of the state can trite to the manager of the central bureau nnd give him tho quantity of surplus products which they hnve for Bale In their section. Tho central bu reau, being In communication with all sections of the state, Is enabled to In form such parties where there uiny be a shortage of like articles and place them In communication with parties desiring tho things which they have to ell. In other words, this bureau puts tho producers nnd the consumers In communication with oach other and they then transact their own business with one another. There are numerous ways in which such a central bureau can be of service to Patrons of the Order and It seems to be a most excellent Idea. Graoire Literature. The printed page Is doing good work for the grange these days. Not only are the newspapers devoting much more space thun formerly to the grange, but the stute grange organ ' Izatlons, through the masters, lecturers and secretaries, are preparing and dis seminating grange Information by cir culars, pamphlets and bulletins more widely than ever. This is well. The Order will fuel the beneficial effects thereof In Increased membership and In a better understanding of Its prin ciples and of what it Is accomplishing for the fanners of the country. 80 fur ns our observation extends, tho Michi gan state grange lends Its sister organ izations In the effective use of grauge literature. National Lecturer's 'Topics. The topics announced by National lecturer Hachelder for September to December, Inclusive, are the following: September. What farm crops are the most profitable In this locality? October. What Influence has home life upon tho young In the formation of character? Novenfber. What Influence has the grange In the formation of character? December. What should be the rela tion of the grange and church? Ceres, Pomona and Flora can find ample employment In promoting aes thetic notions about the adornment of our lawns and outbuildings. A com munity tilled with beautiful homes has a high financial rating, to say uothlug of tho u'utheUc, WW STARTING LARGE STONES. A Task Thnt Is finite Mm pic, Al tlinuuh It deems to l'uxl Slimy Hard Workers, llalf-burled stones of medium size are hard to get out, as the soil Is packed Around them and no good hold can be had with the hands. For starting them out, nothing la so good as a taut-hook, STRONG 8TONE HOOK: like the one shown. It Is much like those used for logs, but should have an extra strong handle with pin or ring at the top. To save wear the lower end should be faced with Iron plates screwed on. The hook Iron can easily be made by anyone used to working at a forge. 1 catch the hook at some corner or nook of the stone, and roll It. out upon the none boat without any hard lifting. C. II. dowdy, In Farm and Home. PROGRESS IN FLORIDA. Laws Pnssed ly IruUliitnre Devot lux Larue Sunn to the llulld Iiik of Honda, In no elate of the union Is there greater enthusiasm among the people for building good roads than In Florida, and in no stale has more good legisla tion favorable to road Improvement been enacted during the past yenr. The leg islature which recently adjourned en acted several general road laws. Their general purport can be gathered from the following brief statement by Senatoi A. S. Mann, who is state organizer for the Florida Good Konds association: "The general public at first glance will not be prepared to grasp the Importance of the present good roads laws. The art giving the Internal Improvement fund to good roads alone In Its entirety In lands and money bequeaths to the causa not less than ten or fifteen million of dol lars. In Florida, where material Is abundant and cheap with little or no expensive cuts or fills to make and sand as a foundation Insuring perfect drain age or readbed, an immense amount ot work can be done on this fund alone; hut couple with this the convict money one-half of which goes Into the general revenue fund of each county, and may be used on roads If the county commission' ers so wish, and the levy of a three-mill tax on all values for same purpose, and all will see that the power to make good roads has been given without stint" Another act of the highest Importance sets aside for purposes ot road Improve' ment the Indian war claims, the payment of which has been authorized by con gress. From this alone the state will realize over half a million dollars. It Is an Interesting fact that the aver age swamp land fund and the Indian war claims fund both come to the state from the national government; and now that the legislature baa decided to use them for road building they are virtually national aid to road Improvement. The swamp lands were granted to the state by congress about the middle of the last century. A large part of the lands have since been sold or donated to promote railroads and other Internal Improve' ments, but there are still many millions of acres of valuable land from which an Immense fund can be derived, all of which Is to be used for road building. The rbads are not to be built by the state. but by the counties, each of which will draw from these funds In proportion to the total assessed value of Its property, This Is not all the road legislation the good roads' advocates of Florida want. A large and enthusiastic state good roads convention was held at Gainesville In July. Resolutions were adopted de manding the employment of convicts In road building; urging Joint action of counties In building through lines of roads across the state In all directions; pledging support to candidates for of fice who will work for good roads; de claring for cooperation with the Na tional Good Roads association In the work of organization; and demanding that the national government aid the states In the great work of building good roads throughout the country. Keenluu Hoys on the Farm. A prominent breeder of Short-horns claims to have found a way to keep the boys on the farm. As each boy reaches a certain age he gives him a few good pedigreed females, bargaining that he is to have all the males while the boy receives all the females. The father claims that it pays him well, while the son soon finds himself with a small herd of Improved animals on his hands and has no desire to leave the farm. Cleun Mllklnsr I Important. Pains should be taken to extract tho last drop, If possible, at every milk lng. Not only should this be done be cause the milk last drawn Is the richest, but that cows may be made to main tain their flow much longer when pains we taken at each mUklng. This Is a matter of great Importance to the dairy man, aa It determines tho profit or loss of His business. A poor man cannot at (ord to keep a poor cow. FEAST OF TABER3ACLES. The feast of tabernacles which was observed by all Hebrew families this week, beginning on Monday at sunset and continuing , until Tuesday at the same time is a continuation ot the cycle of sacred days which va3 ushered in at sun- ' set on September 21. and with the opening of the Jewish New Year, October 1 marked the observance ! of the Day of Atonement. This, the most solemn of all sacred days among those of the Jewish faith, of both orthodox and reformed ten dencies, was dedicated to fasting, ! penitance and prayer, so that , through these might come a quick- euing of the religious and moral lite- But with sunset Monday evening began the Feast of Taoer nacles, the great harvest festival of Israel, whose hours are given to thanksgiving and joy. According 10 ancient custom, itie testival ex tended through seven days, and 1 was followed by a day of holy con vocation, sometimes spoken of as an eighth day. Thus the present cycle of Jewish festivals will end with At.ercth, or the concluding festival, on October 13. The feast of Booths or Taber nacles, or the least of ingathering, is a heritage of the Jews of today lroin the Israel of Moses. Its ob servance was commanded in the ; time of the great leader and legis lator, and throughout the centuries it has been regarded as the festival to commemorate God's protective care over his people while in the W'ildetncss and as a season of joy and thankfulness for the kindly fruits of the earth. Anciently, the festival fell, as now, in the season of the harvest, when the chief fruits of the ground were gathered in, the corn, the wine aud the oil. Hence, in Kxo dus, it is spoken of as the feast of ingathering, which is in the end of the year, when thou hast gathered iu thy labors out of tlie field. This is implied in the name the feast of Ingathering. isut witn tins commemorative season is associated a great histori cal event, which the Jews are en joined to remember during the cele bration of the festival and which inspires its other name, the feast of Tabernacles or Booths. livery Israelite was commanded to live in tabernacles during the feast's con tinuance. e snan dwell in booths seven days that your generations may know that made the children of Israel to dwell in booths, when I brought them out of the land of Egypt," reads the law in Leviticus, wherefore the name, the feast ot Booths and Tab ernacles. "THE STETSON " UNOLE TOM" COMPANY. A big feature and a taking one with pretty nearly all classes of theatre-goers is the old plantation songs aud pastimes by genuine negroes, such as existed in the old South on the big plantations in Ante-Bellum tirues. ' Twas in the evening, when the day's work in the cotton-fields was done, and massa had gone to bed in the dark ened days of slavery, that the dusky toners were wont to gather around their humble huts and there hold high jollity under the pale light of tne moon. Almost true to nature and tradition is the plantation scenes presented by Manager Wash burn of the Stetson Company in "Uncle Tom's Cabin," which is booked to appear at the Grand Opera House on Friday Oct. 9th. All the old melodies are sung in that rich plaintive voice so pe culiar to the Southern darkey. Songs that our daddies sang when they went to war and songs that our mothers hummed as they rock ed the babies to sleep. " The Old Folks at Home," "Suwanee River," "Picking Cotton" and Stephen Foster's never dying melo dies will all be rendered by a large contingent of genuine plantation darkies, male and female. A Mississippi landing with the arrival of a cotton boat and the manner of its unloading, also genuine buck and wing dancing will be shown. Iu the Stetson Company, a wonder ful exposition of life in the Sunny South among the slaves is given. It snows the black man in his joys and his sorrows so realistically that it is hard to imagine the spectator is not actually on the plantation. The evolution of the negro since the late unpleasantness is forcibly demonstrated in the great cake walking contest, wherein twenty dusky belles and beaux vie with each other to win the cake. The cast of white artists with the com pany is said to be the strongest artistically ever seen in this pro duction, while the parade and its many novel features are, we are assured, a revelatiou in outside dis play fo: a company playing in opera houses. OAaToniA, Ben tlw 1 You Have Always Bought A NATIONAL PROBLEM. Solution of I lie lloail tumtlfin should UnKuite the Attention of Our llest .Men. It Is claimed by some that the htiild lug of roaus is strictly a local matter, that the benefits are entirely local, iud that the whole expense should be borne by the local eoiinniuees. This is not tho view taken by me most pro gressive countries 01 liurope. There the building and maintenance of roads Is cue of tlie important lunciions of government. France, liennany aud Switzerland are covered by a network of the Uuest roads in the world. As a result, the western hall ot fc-uiopu is tLe pleasure ground ot the world. Tho revenue derived lroin tourists is one ol the principal sources of income lor people of neurly all classes. But wlui nit these good round tins revenue could never be secured. The aim or the people In those coun tries Is to make their grand moun tains, their beautiful lakes, their love ly -vaneys, meir castles nnd . monu menu easily accessible by meaus of tine, hurd, smooth roads. What a contrast appears when we turn to our own country. We have the finest scenery in the world in the great mountains of the west, but It Is practically inaccessible. Kxcept aa they get glimpses of it from car win dows, tlio grandeur ot our mountains aud canyons, ami the beauty of our mountain lakes, streams and valleys are a sealed book to the general trav eling public. And this will always be the case so long as steep, stony moun tain trails are the only means of travel beyond tho railway lines- In deed, much or our linest sceuery can not be reached, even by such trails. If the United States government, in cooperation with the states and local communities, wouid build Breat.smooth highways, making tho wonders and beauties of our treat west easily ac cessible to tourists, in a lew years the tide of travel would be turned west ward. Not ouly would million:, of dol lar3 spenl annually by Americans in Europe bo kept at home, but other millions would be brought to our shores by tourists from foreign lands. llui the natural' attractions of our country are not tlie only things which are made inaccessible by tlie lack of good roads. Our places of historic lute-rest are mostly iu the same cate gory. Take, for instance, Monticello, home and tomb of the immortal Jef ferson. Few Americans even know where It la, much less visit It. Mon ticello is only three miles from the city of Charlottesville, Va., which is on two great trunk lines. Why, then, is it so little known? Because three miles of about as bad road as can be Imagined He between It and the rail way station. One cannot travel over that narrow, steep, rough, muddy country road without a feeling of shame. At present an effort Is being made by a small band of patriotic men and women to build what is known as the Jefferson Memorial road, to make Monticello accessible to the public, but only a beginning has been made, and they are finding it. up-hill work to raise funds to complete the task. Ilut, after all, the encouragement of travel Is not the most Important rea son for the building of good roads. They are absolutely necessary for the prosperity and happiness of the peo ple. The era of railroad building on a largo scale is practically at an end. In the course of commercial and in dustrial development we have reached a point where the great problem of improving the common roads must be faced. We can no longer treat It as a local question. We have tried that for three-quarters of a century, and in nearly every section of the country the miserable results are apparent. The good roads problem will never bo solved locally. It Is too vast. It can be solved only by the genius, the wealth, the labor and the patriotism of the whole people. A great national movement is necessary. In coonera tion of the nation, the states, the coun ties and the local communities lies the solution or the problem. CEMENT YOUR CELLAR. It Costs But a Few Dollars and the Work Will la- for Itself in a Few Weeks. A damp cellar Is an abomination and a menace to health. Cement it yourself; it need cost you only a few dollars for cement. Once experienced, you wouldn't 't L- Crm fin on THE HEST t'ELLAK FLOOR. part with this great comfort and con venience. Smooth the cellar floor, In clining it slightly toward one side and one end, If the cellar drain Is at one corner. Along this side and end make a shallow rounded trench. Lay from an Inch to an Inch and a half of cement over the floor, making the open drain at side and end as shown In the cut. Any water that now gets Into the cellar Is at once carried by the open drain to the outlet drain, and there Is no mud in the cellar. Farm Journal. Keep an account with each of your cows, and learn if they are helping to support you or not. Gofreturnd for your care and trouble. EpUoinlst. If your cow doesn't pay for her board, let aooie one else board ber. - 3 158,000 Members Reported- Patriotic Soni of America Hear of Big Gains and Elect Officers. The biennial convention of the Na tional Camp, Patriotic Order Sons of America, was held last week in Balti more. The following officers were elected: National President J. Shindsl Kratise, of Pennsylvania. National Vice President William II. Tiiton, of New Jersey. National Master of Forms William E. Valient of Maryland. National Secretary F. E. Stees of Permsyh an. a. National Treasurer F. P. Spiese, of Pennsylvania. National Assistant Secretary C. II. Stees, of Pennsylvania. National Chaplain Rev. D. E. Rupley, of Lork Haven, Pa. National Conductor John L. Dill, of Ohio. National Inspector E. W. Alexan der, of Virginia. National Guard Henry W. Ray, of Kentucky. Atlantic City was decided upon as the place for the next biennial cynven. tion. , According to the statistical report of the national secretary, the member ship of the order during the last year has been increased by 10,000. The total membership is now 158,000. Debarred, Even if Elected- From the legal papers filed at Har risburg last week, setting forth the candidates on the various State tickets, it appears that the two candidates for Judge of Superior Court on the Social ist ticket are a carpenter and a pub lisher, respectively. Even if they were elected they could not serve on the bench, because they are not mem bers Of any bar. Tun Royal Month and tiik Royal Diskasf. Sudden changes of weather are especially trying, anil probably to none more so than lo the scrofulous and consumptive. The progress of scrofula during a normal October is commonly greut. We never think of scrofula its bunches, cutaneous eruptions nnd wasting of the bodily substance with out thinking of the ercat cooil nunv sufferers from it have derived fiom Hood's Sarsap- arina, wnose ramcnl nnU perminent cures ol this one disease are enough lo make it tint most famous medicine in the world. Thee is probably not a city or town where Hood's Sasrparilla has not proved its merit in more homes than one, in arresting and completely eradicating scrofula, which is almost ns serious and as much to he feared as its near relative, consumption. He wooes the muse when full of booze, This poet most confusing, lie wooes the muse, and airs his views, Moie woozing than nmusing. Tho Third Thing. ir. Agnew's cure for the Heart will do two thines. It will relieve in 30 minutes and cure every uisease ot the heart and fecondly it will en rich the blood. Now the heart steps in and owing to its new strength pumps an increas ed supply of this rich, red blood to the nerves and thus feeds them, which is the third thing necessary in curing by this new process, heart Uisease or nervousness, 15 Sold by C. A. Kleim. The nursery is one sort of bawl room. I IfA'fl D llv ri f Tf tliA elnmnp). v a a w u 1 1 . ,v . v,.t., 13 t1,,r fit, lit Ta tt,u,j. Mnito-n ) To tl..,. Constipation ? Is the Tongue Coated? Are yuu Liiii-tieauea r uo you nave sick f fndm-llf.? Anv and fitl nf Yim ilannl- Stomach and Liver Disorder. Dr. Agnew'i Liver Pills act quickly and will cure most - I t 1 . ; -i r aiu-iuuiii aiiu turumu cases. 40 in r viai lor 10 cents. 10 Sold by C. A. Kleim. AUDITOR'S NOTICE. Estate of Sitmiwt 8. TMrn-y, late SI ad lion ioimiKiiiit, aeceanea. Tlio urdprslfrued appointed an auditor by the Orphans' court of Columbia county to make aisiriuuuon or ine runos in tne bands or John 0. Wolf, administrator ot the estate ot Humuel S. Lowry, late of Madison towuahln. deceased. will sit at the onice of John O. Freeze In the town of Bloomsbuiy. on Tuesday Nov. 8, 1908, at o thick a. m. to perform tlie duties of tils ap- piiiui iiieni.. wnen ana wuere an parties inter, estcd In the fund In the hands of the admlnls. trutor of said deceased will appear and prove mo nuiii., ur ue lurever aeoarrea rrnm coming lf-S 4t Auditor. CHARTER NOTICE. Notice Is hereby (riven that an aDnllcatlon will be made to the Governor of the state of Pennsylvania, n October lath, 1908, by J. P. Welsh, T. E Hyde and W. Scott Adler, under rue Actor Assemmy or the Commonwealin of Pennsylvania, entitled "An Act to provide for Incorporation aud regulation of certain cor- poninons approved April xarn, i74 and the supplements thereto, for the charter of an In tended corporation to be called llie"Buttonles8 Nuspender Company" the character and object of which Is the manufacture and sale ot sus penders, and for that purpose to have, possess and enjoy, all the rights, benentsandprlvllcKCB of said Act ot Assembly and supplements thereto. C. W. Mll.l.KU. Sept. 17, '03. ' Solicitor. -PROFESSIONAL CARB1K- n. u. FUNK, ATTtaUTTf-AT-ULW, Mr. Kf Boilctint, Court HooM AO BLOOMSBURG, TA, A. L. FRITZ, ATTORNEY AT LAW. Office Bloomsburir Nat'l Bank Bldg., 8d floor. BLOOMSBURG, PA. J. II. MAIZE, ATTORNEY AT LAW, INSURANCE AND REAL ESTATE AGENT, Office, in Townsend's Building, BLOOMSBURG. PA. John o. mut. johm a. barman FREEZE & HARMAN, ATTOUNKY8 AND COUNSELLORS AT LAW BLOOMSBURG, PA. OHice on Ceutie Street, first door below Opeia House. A. N. YOST, ATTORNIY-AT-LAw Lnt Huildin ; Court Iliuse Stjuare. CLOOMSBURG.f'A. H. A. McKILLIP. ATTOKNKY AT LA W, Columbian liuilding, and Hot:, BLOOMSBURG, PA. RALPH R. JOHN, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Hartman Building, Market Square Bloomsburg, Pa. IKELKR & IKELER, ATTORNKV-AT-LAW. Office back of Farmers National Bank. BLOOMSBURG, FA. CLYDE CM AS. YKTTER, ATTORNBYAT LAW, Uloomsburo, P Office in Ent's Building, W. H. HHAWN, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Office, Corner of Third and Main Sti CATAWISSA, . PA. CLINTON HERRING, ATTORNEY-AT-LAW. Office with Grant Herring. BLOOMSBURG, PA. Will be in Orangevil'.e Wednesday ol each week. WILLIAM C. JOHNSTON, ATTORNEY AT-L AW, Office in Wells' Building over J. G. Wells' Hardware Store, Bloomsbnr'g, Pa. Will be in Millville on Tuesdays. II. MONTGOMERY SMITH, ATTORNEY-AT LAW, Office : Knt building, over Farmers Na tional Bank. 1 1. 16-99 EDWARD. FLYNN, ATTORNEY AT LAW, CENTRA LIA, PA. IfOHlce Llddlcot building, Locust avenue MOWTOCR TKLKFHONII. RKI.I. TILIrBOV KYKfl TisTKP. OI.A88KS FITTED, 11. bierman, :a. d. UOMffiOPATincPHYSICUNANDMJKGBO orrici hours: Office ft KeHldenco, 4th St. 10 a. m. to x p. m., 6:30 to 8 p. m. BLOOMRBTJKQ, PA J. S. JOHN, M. D.f PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON. Office and residence, 410 Main St-7-3-v BLOOMSBURG, PA J. J. BROWN, M. D. THE EYE A SPECIALTY. Eyes tested and fitted with classes. No Sunday work. 311 Market St., Bloomsburg, Pa. Hours: 10 to 8 Telephone. DR. M. J. HESS. DENTISTRY IN ALL ITS BRANCHES, Crown and bridge work SPECIALTY, Corner Main and Centre Streets. BLf- SPURG PA COjUmbla & Montour Telephone connection. Dr. W. H. HOUSE, SUHGKON DENTIST, Office Bartnn'g Buliainsr, Matn below JJarke BLOOMSBURG, Pa. All styles of work done in a superior manne all w ork warranted as represented. TKBTH KXTRiCTKD WITHOUT PAIN. by the use of Gas, and free of charge when artificial teeth are inserted, f To be open all hours during the day. C. WATSON McKELVY, "RE INSURANCE AGENT. (Successor to B. F. Jiartmaa ies in tne world, among which are: ,""'" CASH TOTAL SURrLCI Vranklln WAMTAL. ASBKTS. OV1B ALL renn a. l'blla 41m mm iwik .'ir?: . America, Phlla. J.ooo.ooo 9,730i6s s,i5. Office First Nat'l Bank Eldg,, ad floor. mosses promptly adjusted and paid. xM. P. LUTZ & SON, (SUCCESSORS TO FKEA8 BHOWH) INSURANCE AND RE ALESTATF AGENTS AND BROKSRS, o N. W. Corner Main and Centre. Str.. s Bl.OOMSBURG, Pa. o Represent Seventeen as good Cora panies as there are in the World and all losses promptly adjust. pa'Q at tneir Office. SADE T. VANNATTA. (Successor to C. F. Knapp.) GENERAL IKSURAKfiw Office 238 Iron St, Bloomsbo.o. P Oct. 31, 1901. tf CITY HOTEL, W. A. Hartzel, Prop. No. isi West Main Street, WLarge and convenient sample rooms, ba rooms, not and cohl wir 1 veniences. Bar stocked with best ln aa "Suul "i-nai iivery attached. EXCHANGE HOTEL, I. A. Snyder, Proprietor. (Oppositethe Court House) BLOOMSBURG, Pa. Large and convenient sample rooms ba ocms, hot and cold water and .11 Ji convenience, " 1 11! ij !; i f if -1 1! ;!- If tit hi;, Ml) 111 )! tV,f 4 .1 !!!) It. f I ! t i