THE COLUMBIAN, BLOOMSBURG, PA.
PRESIDENT'S
ME
Mr. Roosevelt's Recommen
dations on Many
Subjects.
j
DISCUSSION OF TRUSTS.
!
i
Publicity Deemed the Only Sure
; Remedy at Present.
MONROE DOCTRINE'S PURPOSE
Hot Intrmlpil na Tlontllr to Old AVnrld
Katlona, lint n Mr Tnitnrd I n -aarlnic
I nlTrrial IVn? l
carina; the I'on.lMllty of
IVrmnneul IVnce on
Tula Hemisphere.
Washington, Dec. 3. The president
In his annual message to congress
says:
The congress assembles this year un
der the shadow of a great calamity.
On the Uth of September President Mo
Klnley was shot by an anarchist while
attending the Pan-American exposi
tion at Ituffalo and died lu that city
on the 1 ItU of that month.
Of the last seven elected presidents
he Is the third who has been murdered,
nnd the bare recital of this fact Is
FuhVicnt to Justify grave alarm among
all loyal American citizens. Moreover,
the circumstances of this, the third as
sassination of an American president,
have a peculiarly sinister significance.
Both President Lincoln and President
Garfield were killed by assassins of
types unfortunately not uncommon In
history, President Lincoln falling a
victim to the terrible passions aroused
by four years of civil war and Presi
dent Garfield to the revengeful vanity
of a disappointed office seeker. Presi
dent McKinley was killed by an utter
ly depraved criminal belonging to that
body of criminals who object to all
governments, good and bad ulike, who
are against any form of popular lib
erty if It Is guaranteed by even the
most just nnd liberal laws and who
are as hostile to the upright exponent
of a free people's sober will as to the
tyrannical and Irresponsible despot.
Anarchy nnd Annrrhlata.
The president continues with a
eulosy of Mr. McKinley. then turns to
the subject of anarchy, denouncing Its
doctrines and preachers. He says:
I earnestly recommend to thecongress
that In tke exercise of its wise discre
tion It should take Into consideration
the coming to this country of anarch
ists or persons professing principles
hostile to all government and justify
ing the murder of those placed iu au
thority. Such Individuals ns those who
not long ago gathered In open meeting
to glorify the murder of King Hum
bert of Italy penetrate a crime, and
the law should insure their rigorous
punishment. They and those like them
should be kept out of this country, and
If found here they should be promptly
deported to the country whence they
came, nnd farreaeulng provision should
be made for the punishment of those
who stay. No matter calls more
urgently for the wisest thought of the
congress.
A Subject For Federal Conrta.
The federal courts should be given
Jurisdiction over any man who kills
or attempts to kill the president or any
man who by the constitution or by
law Is in lino of succession for the
presidency, while the punishment for
an unsuccessful attempt should be pro
portioned to the enormity of the of
fense against our institutions.
Anarchy Is a crime against the whole
fcuman race, and all mankind should
band against the anarchist.
The president next considers busi
ness conditions, which he finds highly
satisfactory. lie continues:
Tte tremendous and highly complex
industrial development which went on
with ever accelerated rapidity during
the latter half of the nineteenth cen
tury brings us face to face at the be
ginning of the twentieth with very
ecrious social problems. The old laws
and the old customs which had almost
the binding force of law were once
quite sufficient to regulate th ac
cumulation and distribution of wealth
Since the Industrial changes which
have so enormously Increased the pro
ductive power of mankind they are no
longer sufficient.
Trade Combinations.
The growth of cities has gone on be
yond comparison faster thun tb
growth of the country, and the up-!
building of the great industrial centers
has meant a startling increase not
merely In the aggregate of wealth, but
in the number of very large individual
and especially of very large corporate
fortunes. The creation of these great
corporate fortunes has not been due
to the tariff nor to any other govern-
mental actlou, but to natural causea
in the business world, operating in oth-
ar countries as In our own.
The process has aroused much an-
tagonlsm, a great part of which Is
wholly without warrant. It Is not true
that as the rich have grown richer the
poor have grown poorer. On the con-
trtu-y, never before has the average
man, the wageworucr, the farmer, the
small trader, been so well off as In this
country and at the present time. There
have been abuses connected with the
accumulation of wealth, yet It retnalni
true that u fortune accumulated in
l?!tinintp tmslnpM run ! ncrunuilnt
eil liy the pj-on pociall.v liotipfitod
only on cinulitlnn of rimfi-rritiK im
nifiiso InrlJpntfll bonpfits upon oth-
Sucn'SMfiil onttTprisp of tlio typ
m ti t nil inn tk inl can only
io 4militln ilro suoli ns tc
offrr LTcat prizes as the rewards of
BUI-CO.
nenanna for f notion.
Thr prcxi.lciit tnM that tlirro r
ninny i-onioii for .-iint!on In di'iilin
. v it!i i i-;ior;itio:i. Iln c.iy:
Tin1 iiini1 ImMtirs iiiiiilltinn wlii-b
! 1UV0 riiiui-ti till (Tl-Oilt nilLTflTUlltnit
of corporate and individual wri...h
li,-v mad"-tlicm very ixiicni fai-toiK in
"'--I n.,,. con,p,,i,
Mir'ovor. It cannot too often 'oe
pointed out Hint to -trlke with lirimruiit
I violciico at tlio Interests of one ct of
in'ii nlmcot InevitaMy pni!atii;crs the
Ititi '.-esi of all. The fumlanieiital rule
In our national life the rule which un
derlie nil others- Is that, on the whole
and in the lotii; run, we tdiull go up or
down together.
The mechanism of modern business
Is o delicate that extreme enre must
he taken not to interfere with it ill
a spirit of rashness or lutior.ince. In
dealing with business Interests, for
the government to undertake by crude
and 1!1 considered legislation to do
what may turn out to be bad. would
te to Incur the risk of mich fan-each-
Ins national disaster that It would be
prefer-iblo to undertake nothing r.t nil.
The men who demand tlio Impossible
or the undesirable serve ns the ullies
of the forces with which they nre nom
inally nt war. for they hamper those
who would endeavor to tind out in ra
tional fashion what the wrongs really
ure and to what extent and In what
manner it is practicable to upp'.y reme
dies.
How to Correct th F.vlla.
All this Is true, nnd yet it Is also
true that there are real nnd grave evils,
one of the chief lH-ing ovcrcapitalii
tlon became of its many baleful con
seipieiices. and a resolute nnd practical
effort must be made to correct these
evils.
It Is r.o limitation upon property
rights or freedom of contract to re
quite that when men receive from gov
ernment the privilege of doing busi
ness under corporate form, which frees
theu from individual responsibility
and enables them to call into their en
terprises the capital of the public, they
shall do so upon absolutely truthful
representations as to the value of the
property lu which the capital Is to be
Invested. Corporations engaged iu In
terstate commerce should be regulated
if they nre found to exercise a license
working to the public Injury. It should
be as much the aim of those who seek
for social betterment to rid the busi
ness world of crimes of cunning ns to
rid the entire body politic of crimes of
violence. Great corporations exist only
because they are created and safe
guarded by our Institutions, and It Is
therefore our right and our duty to
see that they work In harmony with
these institutions.
rnhllcltr the Firat Kaarnllal.
The first essential lu determining
how to deal with the great industrial
combinations Is knowledge of the facts
publicity. In the Interest of the pub
lie the government should have the
right to Inspect and examine the work
ings of the great corporations engaged
In Interstate business. 1'ublicity is the
only sure remedy which we enn now
invoke. What further remedies are
needed in the way of governmental
regulation or taxation enn only be de
termined after publicity ha,s been ob
tained by process of law and In the
course of administration. The first
requisite is knowledge, full and com
pleteknowledge which may be made
public to the world.
Artificial bodies, such as corporations
and Joint stock or other associations,
depending upon any statutory law for
their existence or privileges should be
subject to proper governmental super
vision, and full nnd accurate informa
tion as to their operations should be
made public regularly at reasonable
Intervals.
The large corporations, commonly
called trusts, though organized iu one
state, always do business In many
states, often doing very little business
in the state where they nre incorpo
rated. There is utter lack of uniform
ity iu the state laws about them, and,
as no state has any exclusive interest
In or power over their acts. It has In
practice proved impossible to get ade
quate regulation through state action.
Therefore, In the Interest of the whole
people, the nation should, without In
terferinsr with the power of the states
in the matter itself, also assume power
of srpervision and regulation over all
corporations doing an interstate busi
ness. Auicud Constitution if ei-earf.
When the constitution was adopted,
at the end of the eighteenth century,
no human wisdom could foretell the
sweeping changes, alike In Industrial
and political conditions, which were to
take place by the beginning of the
twentieth century
At that time It
w-as accepted as a matter of course
that the several states were the proper
authorities to regulate, so far as was
then necessary, the comparatively In-
significant and strictly localized cor-
porate bodies of the day. The condl-
tlons are now wholly different, and
wholly different action Is called for.
I believe that a law can be framed
which will enable the national govern-
ment to exercise control along the lines
above Indicated, profiting by the expe-
rlence gained through the passage and
administration of the interstate com-
merce act, If, however, the Judgment
of the congress is that It lacks the con-
stltutlonal power to pass such an act,
then a constitutional amendment
should be submitted to confer the
power.
There should be created a cabinet of
ficer, to be known as secretary ol
commerce and industries, as provided
In the bill Introduced at the Inst ses
sion of the congress. It should be his
province to deal with commerce In its
broadest sene. Including among many
other things whatever concerns la!wr
nnd nil matters affecting the great
business corporations nnd our tner
chant marine.
Labor.
The president declares that he re
gards It necessary to re-enact the Chi
nese exclusion law. In regard to labor
he says that the government should
provide in Its contracts Hint all work
should be done under "fair" conditions
and that all night work should bo for
bidden for women and children as well
as excessive overtime. He continues:
Very great good has been and will be
accomplished by associations or unions
of wnaewotkers when in nun god with
forethought and when they combine In
sistence upon their own rights with
Inw abiding respect for the rights of
others. The display of these qualities
in such bodies Is a duty to the nation
no less than to the associations them
selves. Finally, there must nlso In
many cases be notion by the govern
ment In order to safeguard the rights
nnd Interests of all. Under our consti
tution there Is much more scox for
such net inn by the state nnd the munic
ipality than by the tintlou. Put on
points such ns those touched on above
the national government can act.
He asserts that the Immigration laws
are unsatisfactory ami that a law
should bo enacted to keep out not only
anarchists, but persons of n low moral
tendency or of unsavory reputation
nnd those who are below a certain
standard of economic fitness to enter
our industrial field as competitors with
Americnn labor.
The Tariff and Reciprocity.
The president declares that nothing
could be more unwise than to disturb
the business Interests of the country by
any general tariff change at this time.
He adds:
Yet It Is not only possible, but emi
nently desirable, to combine with the
stability of our economic system a sup
plementary system of reciprocal bene
fit and obligation with other nations.
Such reciprocity is an incident and re
sult of the firm establishment and
preservation of our present economic
policy. It was specially provided for
in the present tariff law.
Reciprocity must be treated as the
hnndmaiden of protection. Our first
duty is to see that the protection grant
ed by the tariff In every case where It
Is needed Is maintained, and that reci
procity be sought for so far as It can
safely be done without Injury to our
home Industries. Just how far this is
must be determined according to the
individual case, remembering always
that every application of our tariff pol
icy to meet our shifting national needs
must be conditioned upon the cardinal
fact that the duties must never be
reduced below the ioint that will cover
the difference between the labor cost
here and abroad. The well being of
the wageworkcr is a prime considera
tion of our entire pDlicy of economic
legislation.
Seed For Wider Market.
Subject to this proviso of the proper
protection necessary to our industrial
well being at home, the principle of
reciprocity must command our hearty
support The phenomenal growth of
our export trade emphasizes the ur
gency of the need for wider markets
and for a liberal policy lu dealing with
foreign nations. Whatever Is merely
petty and vexatious In the way of
trade restrictions should be avoided.
The customers to whom we dispose of
our surplus products lu the long run,
directly or Indirectly, purchase those
surplus products by giving us some
thing lu return. Their ability to pur
chase our products should ns far as
possible be secured by so urranging
our tariff as to enable us to take from
them those products which we cau use
without harm to our own industries
and labor or the use of which will be
of marked .benefit to us.
Jt Is most Important that we should
maintain the high level of our present
prosperity. We have now reached the
point In the development of our In
terests where we are not only able to
supply our own murkets, but to pro
duce u constantly growing surplus for
which we must find markets abroad.
To secure these markets we can util
ize existing duties In any case where
they are no longer needed for the pur-'
pose of protection, or In any case
where the article is not produced here
and the duty is no longer necessary
for revenue, as giving us something to
offer lu exchange for what we ask.
The cordial relations with other na
tions which nre so desirable will nat
urally be promoted by the course thus
required by our own Interests.
The natural line of development for a
policy of reciprocity will be In connec
tion with those of our productions
which no longer require nil of the sup
port once needed to establish them
upon a sound-basis and with those oth
ers where cither because of natural or
of economic causes we nre beyond the
reach of successful competition.
I usk the attention of the senate to
the reciprocity treaties laid before It by
my predecessor.
The Merchant Marine.
The condition of the American mer
chant marine is such as to call for im
mediate remedial action by the con
gress. It Is discreditable to us as a
nation that our merchant marine
should be utterly Insignificant in com
parison to that of other nations which
we overtop In other forms of business.
We should not longer submit to condi
tions under which only a trilling por
tion of our great commerce la carried
in our own ships. To remedy this state
of things would not merely serve to
build up our shipping Interests, but It
would also result In benefit to all who
are Interested In the permanent estab
lishment of a wider market for Amer
ican products and would provide an
auxiliary force for the navy. Ships
work for their own countries Jnt as
railroads work for their termlnnl
Hiinls. Slipping lines, if established to
the principal countries with wtiii-h we
have dealings, would be of political as
weil hs eoinniereinl benefit. From ev
ery standpoint It Is unwise for the
I" tilted States to continue to rely upon
the ships of competing nations for the
distribution of our goods. It should be
made ndvnntageous to carry American
goods in American built ships.
At present American shipping Is un
der certain grent disadvantages when
put In competition with the shipping
of foreign countries. Many of the fast
foreign steamships, at a speed of four
teen knots or above, are subsidized,
nnd all our ships, sailing vessels and
steamers alike, cargo carriers of slow
speed and mall cnrrlers of high speed,
have to meet the fact that the original
cost of building Americnn ships Is
creator than Is the case abroad: that the
waaes paid American officers and sea
men nre very much higher than those
paid the officers nnd seamen of foreign
competing countries, and thnt the
standard of living on our ships Is far
superior to the standard of living on
the ships of our commercial rivals. Our
government should take such action as
will rcmidy these Inequalities. The
American nierchnnt marine should be
restored to the ocean.
Financial.
Tho passage of the act establishing
gold a the standard money has. It is
declared, beeu shown to be timely and
Judicious. Tho president adds:
Iu many respects the national bank
ing law furnishes sufficient liberty for
the proper exercise of the banking
function, but tlure seems to lo need
of better safeguards against tho de
ranging Influence of commercial crises
anil financial panics. Moreover, tho
currency of the country should bo
made responsive to the demands of our
domestic trade nnd commerce.
Economy In expenditures Is urged.
Amendment of the interstate commerce
act Is advised to Insure the cardinal
provisions of thnt net. Tho work car
ried on by the department of agricul
ture is next considered and prnlsod
highly. The president then turns to
fon-st preservation and Irrigation of
arid lands, saying that both are highly
necessary. He would put all the work
In connection with the forest reserves
lu charge of the bureau of forestry.
Irrigation.
Tho president continues by tracing
the connection between the forest re
serves and the water supply. He says:
The forests are natuml reservoirs.
By restraining the streams In flood
anil replenishing them lu drought they
make possible the use of waters other
wise wasted. They prevent the soil
from washing and so protect the stor
age reservoirs from filling up with
silt. Forest conservation is, therefore,
an essential condition of water conser
vation. The forests alone cannot however,
fully regulate and conserve the waters
of the arid region. Great storage works
are necessary to equalize the flow of
streams and to save the flood waters.
Their construction has been conclu
sively shown to be nn undertaking
too vast for private effort. Nor can It
be best accomplished by the Individual
states acttnlr nione. The eovernmeut
Continued on page 7 nt Coi.
i The Guroihat Cures
Coughs,
Colds,
Grfpssc,
WK00P1NG COUGH ASTHMA.
BRONCHITIS AND INCIPIENT
CONSUMPTION IS
a.
t
t
l,'i'.!'lV yiTSO ,
y g)ft ivy 0' u vyy jj v i v. 1 d
I m M .a v-4 . ft-. Xj. C j V.
The Markets.
BLOOMSBURG MARKETS.
COKKECTKl) WEEKLY. kETAIL PRICES
Put'-;r, per pound $ 24
r.gs per dozen 26
Lard, per pound 13
Mam, per pound 14
Ki-cf (quarier), per pound 6 to 8
U heat, per bushel 90
Oats, do 50
Kve. do 60
Flour per l.bl 3 84
Hay, per ton 12 00
I otatoes, (new;, per rushel
Turniui. do
Tallow per pound 04
MiouMer, do
Side meat, do
Vinegar, per qt
Dried apples, per pound
Cow hides, do
Sieer do do
Calf skin
Sheep pelts
Shelled corn, per bushel
Corn meat, cwt
Htan, cwt
('hop, cwt
Middlings, cwt
Chickens, per pound, new
do do old
'Turkeys, do
Geese, do
Ducks, do
COAL.
11
09
05
06
3i
05
80
75
70
2 00
1
1
10
5
15
10
9
12
08
Number 6, delivered 3 50
do 4 and 5, delivered 4 40
tio o, at yard 3 15
ao 4 ana 5, nt yard 4 52
Procrastination is now the kleptomaniac
of time.
OABTOniA,
Beantha ,4 " K-ind Vgu Ha Always Boti4
OTTOS
.CURE
EES
Tho Kind You Havo Always DourM, nntl which lias been
in -iso for over 00 years, lias home tho sljrriatnro of
- and lias horn made under his per
rfX tfrf-f-J1- flonnl wipcrvlslon nlnco Its Infancy.
WvzSyY, -COtcyUi'. Allow no ono to deceive you In this.
All Counterfeits Imitations and " Jnst-as-prood" nro but
Experiments thnt trifle with nnd endanjrer tho health of
Infants and Children-l'xpcrlenco against Experiment.
What is CASTOR I A
Cast or ia Is a harmless iibstIluto for Cantor Oil, Pare
goric, Drops and Soothing Syrups. It Is Pleanant. It
contains neither Opium, Morphine nor other arcotlO
Mibstanee. Its npo Is its guarantee. It destroys Worm
nnd allays Fevcrishness. It eures Diarrhiva and "Wind
Colic. It relieves Teething Troubles, eures Constipation
nnd Flatulency.' It nssimllates the Fond, regulates the
Stomach and ilowels, giving healthy and natural sleep.
The Children's Panacea Tlio Mother's Friend.
GENUINE CASTORIA ALWAYS
Bears the
f 1 aaaaajaw
The Kind You Have Always Bought
In Use For Over 30 Years.
tmi ecirraua t aiua arm.T. .iiom err.
ALEXANDER BROTHERS & CO.
DEALERS IN
Cigars, Toticcc Candies, Fruits and Huts
SOLE AGENTS FOR
Jlenry Maillard'e Fine Candies. Fresh Every Week.
IPtTiT-s Goods .a. Specialty,
SOLE AGENTS FOR
F. F. Aiairis & Co's Fine Cut Chewing Tobacco
Sole agent s tor the following brands of Cigars-
Henry Clay, Londrcs, Ncnr.s.1, Indian Princess, Samson, Silver Aub
Bloomsburg, Pa.
IF YOU ARE IN NEED OF
CARPET, jUATTlIYG,
or OIL CLOTH,
YOU WILL FIND A NICE LINE AT '
3 Doois aboe Court House.
A large lot of Window Curtains in stock.
VVA7HEN in Buffalo,
UU EAT AT
STATLER'S
RESTAURANT,
Ellicott Square; best
and largest in the
city.
Meals 25 and 40 cts.
Music every evening.
We may all be generous to a fault when
the fault is our own.
WANTED SEVERAL PERSONS OF
character and good reputation in each slnte
(one in this county required) to represent
and advertise old established wealthy busi
ness house of solid financial standing. Sal
ary lS.oo weekly with expenses additional,
all payable in cash each Wednesday direct
from head omces Horse and carriage fur
nihed, when necessary. References. En
close self-addressed stamped envelope. Man
ager, 316 Caxton Build'g, Chicago. (161926
The best opportunities are those we make
for ourselves.
OABTOUXA.
BaantU IheKindtou Harc Always Bought
Signature of
Thk HoMELissT Man i Hi.oomshuko,
as well as the handome.-.t, and others are
invited U call on any druggist and get free a
trial buttle of Kemp's Balsam for the
Throat and Lungs, a remedy that is guaran
teed to cure and relieve all chronic and
acute coughs, asthma, bronchitis and con
sumption. Price, 25 and 50c. H2id4t
The easictt thing in the world to make is
a mistake.
CASTORIA
For Infanti and Children.
Tlio Kind You Have Always Bought
Bears th
Signature of
)