6
THE VOLTA BLOWN UP
COL. COLT SUPERVISED THE RE
MARKABLE EXHIBITION.
Forty IIKIUHILIHI Saw the First (explosion
By the s'l ,| Mlontrtelty—The Srcro
tary ot War Wan l'lcnviit la Cuatlft
I Oardfii.
The civilized world had a hearty
laugh at the unique proposal that some
one in authority arrange a naval battle
hotween the United States and Spain
outside the harbor of New York. It
was received u3 the suggestion of a
humorist. And yet there is no reason
why a fierce encounter between the
naval fleets would not furnish a grand
spectacular demonstration in compar
ison with which yacht races would be
the tamest of pastimes. The crowds
who would take all risks in order to
witness such an engagement would bo
unparalleled. To-day we consider It
ultra-sensational to have two engines
run into each other to show how ter
rible a railroad collision ma/ be, and if
the crowds that visit a wreck long after
it has taken place be an - index to the
public appetite, fully half of New
York's three millions would go upon
the water to see a real naval battle.
Fifty-six years ago over 40,000 people
witnessed the explosion of a steamer in
New York harbor by Colonel Colt.
This was one of the great events of
sub-marine history, and in these cora-
paratively quiet times caused the ad
journment of Congress and the suspen-
Islon from his duties of no less a per
sonage than the Secretary of War.
Though Robert Fulton was one of
fie first improvers of the torpedo, It is
. ot generally known that Samuel Colt,
of the Colt revolver fame, was the
father of the modern submarine bat
tery In the days of President Tyler.
; Indeed the use of torpedoes in war
■ "own to the days of Tyler was regarded
I w.n the same nameless feeling of hor
i ror as the Guy Fawkes story produced
Tor three hundred years in England.
In was considered an inhuman inven
tion due to "water-worms, fire-devils,
nd submarine assassins." Fulton
himself was described by a squeamish
writer in the Naval Chronicle, as "a
crafty, murderous ruffian." But Pres
ident TyW took a different view of tho
submarine battery. He had an appro
artation of $17,000 made to Colt for the
perfection of his invention under the
'ollowiug circumstances.
The Government placed a schooner at
Colt's disposal In August, 1842, to ex
periment upon on the Potomac. The
President. General Winfleld Scott and
he heads of tho various Departments
n Washington took a day off to see
Colt experiment on her. He destroyed
:he schooner from an observation
:ower on the banks of the Potomac
while five miles distant; a feat which
was then considered a most unparal
leled an ex'... a. dluary triumph of sci
nce. He asserted that he could ex
plode a shell under water at a distance
if ten miles by the same methods, and
it was in order to produce such a feat
•.hat Congress voted the appropriation.
Two months later, October 18, 1842,
Colt's battery produced a still more
rotable effect In New York Harbor In
.he presence of 40,000 citizens, who
went down the Bay to see it with as
much interest as they now would go
.o see a yacht race.
It is worth reproducing the report
nade in the Evening Post of October
s. 1842 of this event, not only to show
the entire success of the experiment
and the manner of reporting the events
jf that period, but to contrast the
space afforded and the utter absence
if that vivid description with a similar
spectacular event of the present day
journalism:
"A vast multitude assembled yester
lay afternoon to witness the explosion
jf Colt's Submarine battery placed un
der a vessel of 260 tons. The North
Carolina, seienty-t'our, about four
/clock gave a salute of thirteen gun 3.
Immediately afterwards the signal for
the explosion was given. The vessel
rose bodily out of the water and then
separated into fragments which were
thrown about seventy feet in the air.
The next moment nothing was seen of
her except a few pieces of the wreck
which were floating on the water and
jf which the boats lying near hastened
o possess themselves. The Secretary
if War was present in Castle Garden."
The name of the vessel was the brig
"Volta." The experiment was per
formed under the auspices of the
American Institute, while Colonel Colt
tpplled the electric spark from a bat
:ery on board the revenue cutter
'Swing." It Is also noteworthy, en
passant, that other papers like the
'Morning Courier and Inquirer," did
lot give a single line to this phenom
enal triumph of American science;
bough the "Courier" of tho next day
Vive a whole column to a foreign dis
patch relating to a fire In Liverpool
which took place on the same day that
Colt's battery blew up this brig, and
he very explosion of which must have
ihaken the windows of the "Courier"
pflSce. The same paper also printed a
detailed map of those streets In Liver
pool between which the Are occurred;
out the editor obviously had no time
tor a local American event that
brought the Secretary of War from
Washington, and 40,000 of his fellow
litlzens out upon the water. Need it
se said that the "Courier" has long
since gone.
In the month of April following a
prig of 800 tons was blown to pieces
while sailing at the rate of 5 knots an
hour .while Colonel Colt tnc operator
jf the battery was on shore five miles
iway. Both Houses of Congress ad
journed to witness this event which
was performed by tho arrangement of
iroups of torpedoes connected by in
sulated wires nnd with a galvanic bat
•ery operated by a method similar to
'.hat already described.
CHILDREN'S TRAINING.
Each Little One Needs Careful ami Earn
est htmly.
The unformed characters of children
are so different, that in a family of
brothers and sisters no two are alike,
and each little one needs careful and
earnest study. This is the more im
portant if we remember what a wise
man once said: —"Give me a child till
it is six years old, and then it does not
matter who comes after me." It is in
deed a fact that the salient points of
the character take root during that ear
ly period of life and a little one of six
who is hard-hearted, Ur untruthful, or
spiteful, Is exceedingly difficult to re
form.
A wise mother must discriminate Ju
diciously between natural Juvenile fail
ings and real naughtiness. There are
so many acts and words which must
aot pass by unchecked, and yet do not
deserve a censure or too much stress
let upon them, and other offences
which must never be overlooked.
All healthy, strong, vivacious chll-
Iren are restless, wilful, and mi -
ihievous in a greater or less degree.
The boy of three years old. full of
spirits, and the Jole de vlvre, often
pitches his toys about In a reckless
fashion very unsafe for the other denl
sens of the nursery. This, of course,
must be stopped. At the same time,
there is no naughtiness In the motive,
itid it need not call forth a punish
ment, unless the youngster has re
peated the misdemeanor Immediately
ifter being cautioned.
Very imaginative children, on the
)ther hand, will circumstantially nar
•ate incidents which they declare they
have seen, or as having happened to
.hemselves, and it is not easy to make
•hem grasp the fact that this is a
r alsehood. The best way is to take
'or granted that it is a fiction, and
my, "Yes, dear, that is a nice little
story you have made up. Now, shall
nother read one, or can you make her
ip another?" In this way the child
•ealizes that one may relate things not
'.rue, if they are honestly labelled as
such.
Always avoid arousing the violence
of a really passionate child. Remem
ber that nine times out of ten it is the
Reposition of you, your husband, or
tome relative that has descended upon
he littie one, who is really more to be
pitied than blamed. After a certain
tge one can reason with a child In its
quiet moments, and explain the danger
snd pain of these headstrong out
bursts, and assist it to learn the hard
lesson of self-control; but a tiny mite
Is too young for this, and, if possible,
without giving way weakly, by a lit
le tact and diverting the child's mind,
.he exhausting torrent of passion
should he averted.
When very Juvenile youngsters hold
.heir breath in that alarming fashion
in the middle of a cry, the quickest
way to bring them round is to rub a
wet sponge or flannel on the face; the
inexpected shock speedily produces the
leslred effect. At the same time, this
tolding of the breath is hardly ever
ittendcd with danger, though it ap
jears most appaltng to anyone unac
nistomed to children.
The great secret of management lie 3,
however, after all, In discipline. Have
is few rules and regulations as you
jossibly can, but have those kept to
he letter. Don't excuse any deviation
herefrom, but insist with quiet flrm
tess on their fulfilment. The child dls
rlplined to implicit obedience has
earnt the hardest and most important
esson of all.
Aliont Freclnni Stones,
Agate quenches thirst, and If held In
:he mouth allays fever.
All precious stones are said to be
jurified by a bath In honey.
Amber is a cure for sore throats and
ill glandular swellirg3.
Amethyst banishes the desire for
lrink and promotes chastity.
Cat's-eye is considered by the Cinga
,ese as a charm against witch-craft,
md to be the abode of some genii.
Coral is a talisman against enchant
nents, thunder, witchcraft, and perils
jy flood and field.
Diamond produces somnambulism
ind promotes spiritual ecstasy.
Emerald promotes friendship and
;onstancy of mind.
Garnet preserves health and Joy.
Loadstone produces somnambulism,
Is dedicated to Mercury, and in metal
urgy stands fur quicksilver.
Moonstone has the virtue of making
;rees fruitful and of curing epilepsy.
Onyx contains In It an imprisoned
levll, which wakes at sunset and
:auses terror to the wearer, disturb
ng with ugly dreams.
Opal Is fatal to love, and sows dis
cord between the giver and receiver.
Sapphire produces somnambulism,
ind Impels the wearer to all good
vorks.
Topaz Is favorable to hemorrhages,
mparts strength, and promotes diges
ion.
She Stopped to Flar with ■ Kitten.
An authority on the subject of uurs
ng, In discussing the question of the
ige at which training should besin,
leclares that twenty-three is quite ear
y enough. "I have known," she adds,
'some small hospitals and nursing
lomes, take girls to train as young as
leventeen; and, In one Instance I re
number, a girl who had been sent for
i splint in a great hurry stopped on
ihe way to play with a kitten and for
sot all about what she was sent for."
| Mrs. Greeu (who thinks of hiring)—
! But is the girl honest? Can she be
i trusted?
Mrs. Brown (the girl's former mls-
I tress)— You need not he In the least
alarmed. She is perfectly honest.
All the time she was with me I never
knew her to take a thing—not even
my advice as to how tilings should be
| done.—Boston Transcript.
THE COLUMBIAN. BLOOMSBURG. PA.
HOW BICYCLES ARE USED IN WAR
Armies of All Nation* Mi|i|illv<l With the
•'.Silent iStrcil."
Great progress has been made with
the bicycle as an adjunct to military
service both here and in European
countries. Actual warfare, in which
the value of the wheel could he thor
oughly tested, has not prevailed since
the adoption of the bicycle by the ar
mies of the great Powers, but enough
experience has been gained to warrant
the belief that it will be of vital im
portance in the next conflict. Proba
bility of hostilities with the ai'med
forces of Spain has arouse" great pa
triotism in the breasts of American cy
clists, and many offers have been made
the Government by wheelmen who de
sire to form bicycle companies and
flght for their country. While the av
erage cyclist has an Idea that the bi
cycle will greatly aid the army at some
future day. he has little conception of
bow really useful it will prove if em
ployed on lines now laid out.
In the United States the military cy
clist has attained considerable promi
aence, largely due, perhaps, to the gen
tral popularity of the bicycle. In En
gland, France, Russia and Germany,
However, the army cyclists are in high
lavor and the service is constantly be
ng improved. General Miles has al
ways been an enthusiastic advocate of
:he bicycle for military purposes, and
'.his is one reason why it has reached
such a state of perfection, in our rcg-
Jlar army.
For courier service, scouting, road
sketching, surveying and route recon
naissance he regards the bicycle as in
valuable. A patent is now under con
sideration that will help the bicycla
tervlce very much. It is a contriv
tnce that will enable the soldier-cyclist
.0 come to a stop and retain his seat.
:t keeps the wheel upright and firm,
ind Is Just the thing needed to give tho
wheel greater value in the eyes of army
jfficers.
The machines now in use In the reg
ilar service, together with the usual
•quipment, tip the scales at about sev
enty pounds. This makes a heavy load
'or long journeys, and the tendency
tow is to decrease the weight as much
is possible without sacrificing the sufe
y of the riders.
The customary gear of the army
gheels is G6l£. Puncture-proof pneu
matic tires arc used and every wheel
las a brake, the weight of the outfit
leing such that it is almost impossibla
0 stop by back-pedaliug when going
lown hill. An ordinary mouse, with
rousers and leggins, double-breasted
hlrts, felt hat and bicycle shoes con
titute the uniform of the at my cy
list.
Throughout the country there nro
nany cycle corps In National Guard
egiments. Greater New York has half
•. dozen, the Thirteenth and Eight reg
ments comprising specially well-
Irilled companies. In the cycle corps
•f the National Guard eacn member
urnishes his own machine. A variety
if makes, therefore, provides a dissira
larity not observable in the corps of
he regular army. The National Guard
yclists always make a fine appearance,
ind that branch of the service fiud3
treat favor in the eyes of the militia
ncn.
It Is said that within a short time a
fill will be introduced in Congress au
horizing the purchase of a sufficient
lumber of bicycles to supply each fort
ind military station in the country
vith ten machines.
The bicycle in the Russian army has
ieen a source of gratification to the
Jreat White Czar. The folding bicycle
s used and the service has reached a
tlgh state of perfection. In the last
nanoeuvres of the army the cyclists
ippeared to such good advantage that
he Czar commanded them to defile
M'ice before htm. They co-operate
vith the independent cavalry.
As long ago as ISB7 the French ndop
ed the bicycle for use iu military oper
ttious. The folding machine is used,
t being perferred to any other. It
ian be closed Instantly and is suitable
or rough work. Compagnie Gerard is
he name of the French military cy
iling corps, so called after the Inventor
if the folding machine. It is divided
nto two companies, each under the
ommand of a lieutenant. Each com
•any is divided into sections, each of
vhich is in charge of a sergeant. A
due peajacket, a jersey of the same
olor, red knickerbockers and cloth
;aiters complete the uniform. At
icouting, pursuing and harassing an
■nemy the French military cyclists are
ixceedingly well-trained and against
in enemy would probably prove vary
iffectivfc.
Germany's military cycling corps
:omprlses sevoral thousand experts iu
he use of the wheel. They are well
rained in map reading and revolver
irlng and some of them are fast rid
irs. Naturally the latter would be de
ailed to messenger service in active
leld duty.
One of the drawbacks to the German
lycilng service is the use of cushion
ires. The time Is not far distant, how
iver, when pneumatic tires will tako
he place of the old-fashioned and les3
•esilient kind.
A folding wheel which can easily be
jut in ridable condition in less than
.hirty seconds is in use In the Austrian
irmy. Ambulances also have been
ried by the Austrians with every
iromise of satisfaction in actual ser
vice. Hereafter they will be used in
ill manoeuvres. A writer in the Ram-
Jler says that these ambulances are
tothing more or less than an ordinary
olding safety, furnished with two long
jarallel shafts joined together by a
itrong square of sacking. While not
n use as an ambulance the vehicle can
ie employed to carry car.tp articles or
jecessities for the commissary depart
-11 cut.
"Come Into the woocl.-hetl with me."
"Hold on, pa. I ain't moved to go
nto no executive session,"
A SOMBRE EASTER.
The Moravians Olrbrnto the Day at the
Cemetery.
Moravians as a body are the most
cheerful and literal-minded of Chris
tians. When a Moravian repeats from
the crepd. "I lieiievo in the resurrec
tion of the body," he makes no mental
reservations.
As in the grave ail men are equal,
there- are 110 monuments in Moravian
cemeteries; rich and poor alike have
their resting-places marked only by
email slabs of stone, briefly inscribed.
On Easter morning the cemetery of a
Moravian village is the scene of the
most significant portion of the church
these marvelous gymnastlcal feats,
service. At. the first sign of dawn a
band of trumpeters, their instruments
being in accord with tho Scriptural de
scription of the general arousing on
Resurrection Day, gather on the roof
or in the tower of the church and play
all believers are awakened.
Shortly afterward the services begin in
the ehurcn. The time and the cere
monies are so arranged that the cul
mination of the service shall be at sun
rise.
A few moments before sunrise t'n©
congregation, led by the pastor and the
trumpeters, file out of the church and
march to the cemetery. The throng
clusters at the eastern end of the
grounds and the service is resumed; as
the sun rises, the concluding words of
the pastor are spoken, and the trum
pets raise a Joyous anthem in which
the entire congregation joins.
' ~~ . r3t!J
A Speedy Cure.
In a.i out-of-the-way part of West
moreland. a old farmer, well known for
his miserly habits, in order to save the
candles, used to give the farm hands
their supper in semi-darkness.
The laborers grumbled at this, but
the farmer took no notice. Things
went on much in the same way for
some time, till the farmer had occa
sion to hire another farm-hand, named
Tam Waring.
Tam, who was well known to some of
the other laborers as a wild and reck
less sort of character, and always ready
for mischief, was informed how mat
ters stood.
That night at supper, which consist
ed of porridge, Tam took his seat on
the right-hand side of the farmer, and
watching his opportunity, quickly
plunged a spoonful of hot porridge in
to the farmer's mouth. The farmer
jumped up with a roar of agony, an d
demanded an explanation.
"Weel, fairmer," replied Tam, "it's
sae daurk, Ah couldn't tell whaur Ah
was pittia' it. Ah thoclit it was i' my
ain mooth."
After that the farmer always took
good care to have the kitchen well
lighted.
Til© Origin of a Name.
games and mechanical toys oi ai! kinds
are apt to make the hatching of the
eggs on Easter day an exceedingly en
joyable occupation for the children.
The lovely Marechal Niel rose owes
its name to the Empress Eugenie.
When General Niel returned from the
scene of his triumphs over the Aus
trians in Italy after the battles of Sol
ferino and Magenta a poor man gave
him a basket filled with exquisite yel
low roses. The general had a cutting
struck from one of the blooms, and
when the rose tree from it had grown
he took it to the Empress Eugenie.
She was charmed with the gift, but
when she asked the name of the rose,
she was told that It was unknown.
"Ah!" she said. VI will give it a name;
it shall be tho Marechal Niel." By
this she conveyed to the gallant officer
that he had been made a marshal of
France for his services to the country,
as well as naming the lovely blossom.
To t'lrsn SIIOCH.
Orange Juice Is an excellent cleanser
of black boots and shoes. A slice of
orange should be rubbed upon the shoe
or boot, and as soon as it is dry should
be brushed with a soft brush until it
shines brightly. The Inside of a ba
nana skin will be found most edwjve
for cleaning tan shoes, the skin beinf
rubbed all over the shoe, which should
be carefully wiped with a soft cloth,
and then briskly polished with a flan
nel cloth. Patent leather boots of
shoes should never be touched with
blacking. They are the most difficult
of all boots to keep in good order, and
require constant care. A damp sponge
rubbed over them, and an application
of a little sweet oil or vaseline after
they have been thoroughly dried will
keep them soft and bright, and prevent
them cracking.
A Xovel I'ae of Catacomb*.
A great portion of subterranean Par
is is honeycombed with catacombs
which were once used as burying
places. A novel use has now been
made of these underground galleries
that lie beneath the Jardiu des Plantes,
for they have been converted into a
laboratory and aquarium. A number
of them have been filled with reser
voirs and glass tanks, whilst in others
the niches that once contained human
bodies bave been turned into cages,
so that scientists may be able to study
the effect upon animal life of total and
partial darkness.
It Is said that Succl, who recently
completed his sixty-fourth public fast
iu Rome, has abstained from food in
his performances for 2,500 days of his
life —nearly 7 years.
The novel feature of a gas-motor
lately invented is stated to be tho
bringing of the fuel in the working
cylinder into contact with air so
highly compressed as to be Intensely
hot.
Many of the new velvet bolts for
spring are studded with medallions so
large as almost to cover the velvet
band.
Jt "A PERFECT FOOD —as Wholesome its it is Delicious."/\
0 yi WALTER BAKER & CO.'S O
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yC J ;
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WALTER BAKER & CO. LTD., X
A TRAot-MARK. Established I 780. DORCHESTER, MASS. X
ALEXANDER BROTHERS & CO.
DEALERS IN
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Solo agents for the following brands of Cigars-
Henry Clay, Londres, Normal. Indian Princess, Samson, Silver Asb
Bloomsburg Pa.
IF YOU ARE IN NEED OF
CAai'KT, MATVIIG,
OF OIL CLOTH,
YOU WILL FIND A NICE LINE AT
W. M. IBM©WEE'S
2nd Door above Court, Ilouf-c.
A large lot of Window Curtains in stock.
a A YEAR FOR —■
2k I 00 DEHOREST'S
~~ FAMILY
The subscription price of DEMOREST'S a TiAin
is reduced to SI.OO a year, i 1 AGaAA I IN E.
DEMORKST'S FAMILY MAGAZINE IS MORE THAN A FASHION MAGAZINE, although
gives the very latest home and foreign fashions each month ; this is only one of i s many
valuable features. It has Something fo: each member of the family, for every department
of the household, and its varied contents are of the highest grade, making it, pre-eminently.
THE FAMILY MAGAZINE OF THE WORLD. It furnishes the best thoughts of the most in
teresting and most progressive writers of the day, and is abreast of the times in everything,
—Art, Literature, Science, Society Affairs, Fiction, Household Matters, Sports, etc, —a
hing'e number frequently containing trom 200 to 300 tine engravings, making it the MOST
COM FLLTE AND MOST PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED of the GREAT MONTHLIES.
DEMOREST'S MAGAZINE Fashion Department is in every way far ahead of that con
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Subscribers are entitled each month to patterns of the latest fashions in womans' atli
AT NO COST TO THEM other than that necessary for postage and wrapping,
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than a year's subscription to DEMOREST'S MAGAZINE can be made. By subscribing AT
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GREAT SPECIAL CLUBBING OFFER FOR PROMPT SUBSCRIPTIONS.
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THE COLUMBIAN |
, and Demorest's Family Magazine. f
t Send your subscriptions to this office. J
The Oregon's Great Record.
After a 13.000-mile Journey She Meeds No
Repairs At All.
The navy department is proud of
the record made by the Oregon from
an engineering point of view. The
reports to the department from the
ship show that she does not need five
cents worth of repairs to her machin
ery after her 13,000 miles of contin
uous run. The record is said never
to have been equaled since the build
ing of the first iron warship. The
Buffalo, which comes with the Oregon
from Brazil, is to be overhauled at
Newport News, furnished with armor,
given a good battery of five-inch guns,
and altogether made a very effective
modern cruiser. This will take about
two months.
Regarding the Philippines "there
appear but two courses which we can
consistently pursue," a Philadelphia
newspaper thinks. "One is to return
the islands to Spain after the war has
been concluded, and the other is to
give the people there who have been
in revolt against Spanish tyranny an
opportunity to set up a stable inde
pendent government. The war we
are engaged in is for humanity's sake,
not conquest."
Consequently we cannot give •'flic
islands up to the old oppressors.
No Lack of Attention-
Miss New—l can't get my watch
to keep time properly.
Jeweler —Perhaps it needs regula
ting.
Miss New—Surely not. I move the
regulator over the entire scale every
day.
OA9TORIA.
Boars the Jon Havo Always Bought
Statu Troops' Pay Koll-
Word from Harrisburg says that the
Adjutant-General's department is
making out the pay rolls of the late
National Guard, and it is expected
that all of the work will be completed
by next week.
Those of the Guard who were ac
cepted by the government and enter
ed the volunteer service wiil be paid
up to the day they were mustered in,
while those who were at the camp and
did not enlist or were rejected will be
paid up to the time the order was is
sued sending them to their homes.
Owing to the fact that the Guard
had a real service camp, there will be
no encampments of any kind held
this year, and the money for that pur
pose will be used to pay the expenses
of the State incut red in calling the
Guard to Camp Hastings.
To give you an opportunity of test
ing the great merit of Ely's Cream
Balm, the most reliable cure for
catarrh and cold in the head, a gener
ous 10 cent tffal size can be had of
your druggist or we mail it for 10
cents. Full size 50 cents.
ELY BROS.. 56 Warren St., N. Y.
City.
It is the medicine above all others
for catarrh, and is worth its weight in
gold. I can use Ely's Cream Balm
with safety and it does all that is
claimed for it.—B. W. Sperry, Hart
ford, Conn.
The number of steamers wrecked
upon rocks and shoals and in high
winds on.the passage from Pacific
coast cities to Alaska show that the
pilots have not yet learned the chan
nels on their routes and do not know
their business.
OA-SlTOinaiA.
Bears the The Kind You Have Always Buugfi