r
TEACHERS' IH3T1TUIE.
Urgt Attendance. Tho Lart Ever In
the History ot tho County. --Every Toacher
in the County. Excepting Two Enrolled on
the First Day.
Monday morning dawned clear and
bright, and at an early hour the
streets by the unusual number of
handsome, well dressed and intelligent
looking ladies and gentlemen upon
them gave evidence that something
of an unusual character had, or was
about to occur. It was the time for the
convening of the teachers of Columbia
County in Institute. The call of the
roll revealed the astonishing fact that
341 out of a possible 243 teachers
were present. This is unprecedented,
and something which has never before
occured in the history of the Institute.
It proves in an unmistakeable manner
the interest the teachers of this County
have not only in the Institute, but in
their profession as well. After a few
Temarks by County Superintendent
Johnston the convention was opened
with scripture reading" and prayer by
Rev. P. A. Heilman of the Lutheran
Church of this place. The address of
welcome was delivered by Prof. Will
iam Noetling of the Normal School,
than whom, there is no instructor in
the State who is better known or more
loved and respected than he. His
address was replete with good advice
and sound doctrine.
He spoke of the insufficient re
muneration which, for the past ten
years, the instructors ot our young
have been receiving. He hoped that
a brighter era was now about to dawn
in the life and experience of the
teacher, and invited the teachers to
observe the work of the " big school
on the hill.
This was replied to in an able
manner by Prof. E. K. Richardson of
Berwick. His address abounded in
earnest pleas for the financial better
ment of the teacher's profession.
Prof. E. E. Straub, of Conyngham,
spoke ot the principal duty of the
teacher as being the guiding pilot in
the wholesome, physical, mental and
moral development of our boys and
girls.
The Committee on Organization
then offered their report nominating
tne louowing omcers wno were un
animously elected ; Secretary, A. U
Lesher, Berwick : Treasurer, A. F,
TerwiDiger, Centre.
3:00 p. m. Dr. Arnold Thompkins
of Chicago then addressed the teachers
on rsycnoiogy. 1 ne ur. is a
gentleman of pleasing appearance and
courteous manner who possesses the
faculty of presenting this usually dry
subject in a clear and interesting
manner which secures at once the at
tention of the audience
3:45 p. m. Miss Margaret McClosky
of the Lock Haven Normal School
then addressed the Institute on the
subject of " Language." Our first
consideration in teaching this subject
is to cultivate that observation which
will enable the pupil to write intelli
gently upon any subject presented
for composition. The pupil should
be taught to carefully observe objects,
animals and plants. The things which
interest the pupils most should be
thought of and observed first. As Bur
rews says :
" I would let the children see
What a flower means to me."'
Teach the children to love and to
observe the beauties of nature with
which they are surrounded. Teach
your pupils that nature teaches the
lesson of mutual dependence and
rnutal helpfulness. Teach the child
its relation to and dependence upon
us uod
After a few remarks by Superintend
ent Johnston and the singing of the
Vesper hymn the Institute adjourned
at 4.45 V. M.
ine exercises in tne evening were
opened Dy tiweii s orchestra render
mg in a fine manner one of their fine
selections, and after a solo by Prof.
Sprenkel, Supt. Johnston introduced
the lecturer of the evening Dr. James
Hedly of Cleveland, Ohio, who took
for his subject What is man Worth."
The lecture was highly appreciated
Dy a large and intelligent audience,
rrom tne beginning to the end it
abounded in illustrations of the main
point of his discourse, u e. that the
value of a man should be measured
not by physical ingredients, but by
uie meniai, moral and spiritual char
acter.
Tuesday Morning, Oct. a 2
The second day of the Teachers'
Institute dawned bright and fair and
the members were prompt in their at
tendance. 1 he Institute was opened
DV sincrlnc tin. fie in ' Trloa! Q.. t
The devotional exercises were con
ducted by Rev. Mr. Conner, of the
Methodist church, who read a portion
01 tne twenty-second chapter of Mat
-1 - rr .... m . "
iiicw anu onerea an eloquent prayer
mvowng uivine aid lor tne teachers
in meir laborious and nerve tning
duties of the school room.
9:15. Miss Margaret McClosky
men continued ner talks on Language
she said among other things, " Read
something every day that taxes your
mind to the utmost." There are
several classes of readers. Some are
merely literary gamblers, some desire
to read all of the latest fiction. We
should resolve to read only the best
literature. Don't try to read every
thing; read for pleasure but read
solid matter as well Read with the
soiiu n
1 aid of
aid of a notebook and DenciL
.
a
After an address by Dr. Arnold
Tomkins on Teaching Process, illus
trated in teaching language, which was
to the point, and contained a great
deal of valuable information, the
institute took a recess for fifteen
minutes. Supt. Johnston anounced
the following appointment of teachers
who are to take charge of the local
institute work in their several districts.
Beaver H. M. Grotz.
Benton Borough Clyde Hirleman.
Benton Township W. A. Butt.
Berwick Prof. E. K. Richardson.
Bloom Prof. W. C. Mouser.
Briarcreek E. S. Martz.
Catawissa Borough Prof. Gehman.
Catawissa Township Haines Yost.
Centralia Prof. Eisenhower.
Centre A. F. Terwilliger.
Cleveland E. C. Kreischer.
Conyngham Frof. B. F. Kelley.
Fishingcreek S. B. Crouse.
Franklin Thos. Elmes.
Greenwood Boyd Trescott.
Hemlock Wilmer Girton.
Jackson Arden Hirleman.
Locust Kimber Levan.
Madison S. E. Creveling.
Main J. F. Fetterolf.
Mifflin Chas. Johnson.
Millville rreston Eves.
Montour Grier Quick.
Mt. Pleasant Wm. Sharpless.
Orange J. W. Hidlay.
Pine Clyde Potter.
Roaringcreek C. H. Marks.
Scott Rush Creasy.
Sugarloaf O. M. Hess.
Atter tnese announcements were
made Prof. Noetling addressed the
institute on the subject " Some points
on leaching. lie said that refer
ence had been made by several of the
speakers to some things in his address
of welcome, among them that of teach
er s salaries. Good teachers can
neither be too highly appreciated nor
compensated; but good salaries will
not come of themselves, they must be
worked for. An educational revival
should be started at this Institute, car
tied by the teachers into every dis
trict in the county, and continued the
whole year. Teachers must be alive
to their calling, in this way they can
make their value felt. He said that
he had seen a district educationally
almost dead, thoroughly revived in
one scnooi term by an earnest, en
thusiastic teacher. Teaching is not
so easy a thing as some people believe
it to be. lhere is no oilier profession
whose duties demand more thought, a
keener insight into the springs of
human activity, a purer life, and a
higher degree of ability to lead and
to influence the young to form high
ideas ot lite and character. An insti
tute is not a place at which lessons
are assigned and recited or ready
made outlines furnished, but where
points are obtained which every teach
er must develop in his own, natural
way. No successful teacher can be
an imitator. There are method teach
ers. These are no better than mach
ines. instead 01 adopting their in
struction to the children's needs, they
iry 10 aaopi tne children to their in
struction their machine. There is
but one general road to success, and
that is to grade the road so that the
children can travel it alone with pleas
ure. 10 do this intelligently, requires
as a preparation, a careful study of the
eniidren, their natures and aptitudes.
cniui study has ot late came into
prominence, and must, in the prepar
ation of teachers, take the place of
text-book psychology, which nobody
touows. Much ot the instruction
given by untrained or half-trained
teachers is like trying to pour water
with a large tub into a small, narrow
necked bottle, more is poured "onto
and over than into." Without atten
tion instruction is wasted. Before in
struction can begin, the minds of the
pupils must be prepared for it, that is,
nothing must be on their minds but
the subject of instruction. Sowine
the best of seeds upon rocks or among
weens, win nor nrnnnrd trwri r-rrB
1 !.. m
but failures instead. Do we, as teach
ers, ever think that the minds of our
pupils, like soil, must be prepared and
in a suitable condition to receive the
seed of instruction ? All new knowl
cuge must grow out 01 the old that is
in the pupil's mind, and must connect
with it, or it will not take root. Fit
1 . -.. . .
your work to the pupil; make it of in
terest to him; have him do it himself.
it is only what he himself does that
has any value for him. The whole
pupil must be enlisted in every recita-
.: : n . . ...
nun iiuciieci, sensiDumes, ana will,
all the powers at the same time. The
primary teacher's work is the most
important of all; it is also the roost
trying and laborious. Advanced
pupils are supposed to have learned
to a considerable extent to help them
selves and to control and govern them
selves, but not so little children, thev
I . '. 7 . ' 1
need the teacher's attention at every
step; they are helpless. She roust
I look into their little minds and hearts.
and aid them in their development as
the gardener doe: his most tender
plants in their growth and develop
ment It is a shame upon the age in
which we live that primary teachers
receive no better pay than they do,
The very best work that can be done
should be found in the primary room
and should receive the best pay.
Sometimes we find dull pupils, but
have you ever found them anywhere
but in connection with dull teachers ?
I have lately seen teaching that defied
intelligence to such an extent at to
Prof. Sprenkle then conducted
ten minutes singing exercise.
7HE COLUMBIAN,
make the brightest dull.
A musical drill, and remarks
by the County Supt. on the subject
of regular attendance at the Institutes
brought the morning session to a
close. The Session of Tuesday after
noon was opened with music alter
which Miss McClosky took up the
subject of "Busy Work," or in other
words, work calculated to keep the
pupils engaged. Such as clay mould
ing, paper cutting, mounting, build
ing color charts &c, and its import
ance in a well regulated school. At
3 o'clock P. M. Prof. E. K. Richard
son addressed the Institute on the
subject of " Some things to Teach."
Among which was mentioned temper
ance, proper respect for public officers,
the support of the administration,
the principles of good citizenship and
a proper respect for the Sabbath.
After this, Dr. Tomkins spoke on
Mental Proctsses, which was enjoyed
by all who were fortunate enough to
hear it. Trof. Sprenkle gave a short
talk on music, and after a few remarks
by Supt. Johnston on the necessity of
refraining from whispering during the
lectures in the evening, the session ol
the day came to a close. The enter
tainment of Dr. Byron King in the
Opera House Tuesday evening was
enjoyed by a large audience and by
his excellent impersonations had the
audience with him from the beginning
to the end.
Wednesday Morning.
The session opened by singing and
devotional exercises conducted bv
Rev. G. E. Weeks pastor ot the
Baptist church of this place. Dr.
Tompkins took up the subject of
" Principles underlying the Expression
of Language." He said among other
things, ' The distinction between
words, sentences and discourse is not
one of length. The word hush may
be a word, a sentence or a discourse."
A child is a natural orator. He is
a user ot discourse.
In all language work aside from
words and sentences the child must
live in the effect which that lannuane
produces. Self forgetfulness is the
law of all effective discourse. Dis
tinguish between mere correctness
and effectiveness. Have the pupil
think not of what he is doing but of
the thing to be done. Argue a ques
tion for the truth involved. A man is
an orator not because he has a larynx,
but because he has a soul. " Never
permit a man to speak unless he has
something to say." There is a differ
ence between elocution and yellow
cution." Unless a man can forget
himself in the thing he is doing he
can t do it at all. The little child who
comes to school is already an elocu
tionist ; he is learned in the art of
expression. It ii seldom an elocu
tionist when he leaves school. Era
pnasis ana innexion must come
to him unconscionsly of the effort
to produce them.
You can t work a boy s jaw up and
down so that he will emphasize cor
rectly. The boy must love himself in
the thing he wants to say or do.
Alter an exercise in vocal music.
Prof. Noetling spoke on "Some
Points in Teaching." He asked the
teachers what the first thing should be
when a class appears for a recitation
Several of the teachers replied. "At
tention. es, without attention
there is nothing learned. The minds
of the pupils must be upon the sub
ject under consideration. Pupils who
come to class gossiping about matters
foreign to their work, are not fit to be
gin a recitation. I have known teach
ers who, at every recitation, were ob
liged to call their classes to order be
fore they could begin work. Such
teachers seem to be unaware that
self control and self government are
two important elements of an educa
tion to be acquired in class.
ine teacners were asked how many
01 mem naa daily reviews at the be
..... .
ginning of every recitation. A num
ber of them rused their hands. A
daily review is a necessity to thorough
ness of work. It enables the teacher
to ascertain to what extent his prev
ious instruction has been comprehend
ed, and rooted in the pupils' minds
The review enables the teacher, too,
to connect his instructions, from day
to aay, in the minds ol his pupils
Reviews should be spirited, not slow
and sleepy, and should be given from
the pupils imagination and not from
a memorized outline. An outline de
mands two mental activities, one of
them a useless effort. Much careless
work continues to be done in our
schools and that necessitates a repeti
tion ol the same thing from year to
year. Penmanship, not a difficult
subject to teach when taken at the
proper time, continues to be taught
as poorly as ever. Pupils graduate
trom high schools unable to write
with anything but scrawls. Who
to blame for this state of things?
certainly not the pupils. Is the Lng
lish language taught much better than
penmanship P If it is, possible for
anything to be taught worse, it
English. The cause is not want of
time, but want of knowledge how to
do it. There is no other branch that
enables teachers so easily to waste
their pupils' time as this. The ability
to write or use the English language
correctly and fluently, can be acquired
in no other way than by practice with
intelligent criticism. The written
method is the only one that is sure to
accomplish the end. Taking the sen
tences, paragraphs, and essays of
others and analyzing them, will never
BLOOMSBURG. PA.
GOOD THING
1u Tobacco
A Great, Big" Piece for?.
10 Cents- . 1
The pot called
because the housewife
didn't use
SAPOLIO
B. F. Sharpless, Pres. N. U. Funk, Sec C. H. Campbell, Treas.
CBLOOMSBURCO
LAUD IMPROVEMENT COMPANY.
Capital Stock, $30,000.
Plotted property is in the
town. It includes also part of
equal in desirability tor residence purposes.
unuiub LiUlS are ottered
in a short time.
No such opportunity can be
ijota secured on oai alLi
W A.I. a
Maps 01 tne town and ot plotted property turmshed on ap
plication.
Uall upon or write to the Secretary, or J. 8. Woods, Bales
Agent, or any member of the
BOARD OF
B. F. Sharpless;
C. W. Neal, A. G.
Dr. H. W. McReynolds,
Do
your walls need
papering ? If so,
call on
William. S. &te,
Exchange Hotel Bldg.,
and see for what
a small amount
you can have it
done. Our stock
is the largest and
most carefull y
selected in town.
The prices suit
the hard times.
William H. Slate,
HOOKS, STATIONERY AND
WALL PAVER.
PU5H IT ALONG
. . . . -
the kettle black
coining business centre of the
the factory district, and has no
at values that will be doubled
had elsewhere to make money.
MUJNiniji JrAYMlSlvlo-
. . w . . .
Board of Directors.
DIRECTORS.
T.
Dillox.
Briggs,
Dr. I. W. Willits,
i. U. ruNK.
II-IO-
FINE LINE OF
WATCHES
at reasonable prices.
Special attention given to re,
pairing of
kud Jewelry,
Hand engraving promptly
done.
J. Q. Wells,
THE LEADING JEWELER,
Main tract. Next tlot ooct
Orowp. Acme.
Tho best burning oil that
can bo madofrom petro
leum.
It gives a brilliant light. It will not
smoke the chimneys. It will not char the
I wick. It hai a high fire test. It will not
explode. It U ire-emincntly a family tafcty
oil.
We Challenge Comparison with
any
other illuminating oil made.
We stake our Reputation, as Refiners
upon the statement that it is
The Best 0il
IPC TIIR WORLD,
ASK YOUR DEALER FOR.
Crown - Acme
BLOOMSBURG STATION,
l!LOOM SBTJKG, T
THE MARKETS.
BLOOMSBURG MARKETS.
CORHICTID WIIILT. RETAIL PRtClC '
Butter per lb $ ,34
Eggs per dozen .22
Lard per lb , til
Ham per pound uj
Pork, whole, per pound ,06
Beef, quarter, per pound, . . . 07 to .10
Wheat per bushel .70
Oats " " ie
Rye " " 6 c
Wheat flour per bbl 3 85
Hay per ton if to $14
Potatoes per bushel ,-te
Turnips " (5
unions .75
TXrTrbp
Unions
Shoulder "
.II
.07
.07
.05
.12
4
3i
.05
.80
7S
75
1.00
LIS
I.IC.
LIS
.II
.IO
s
.10
.10
Side meat " "
Vinegar, per qt ,
Dried apples per lb. .
Dried cherries, pitted
Raspberries
Cow Hides per lb...
Steer "
Calf Skin
Sheep pelts ,
Shelled corn per bus.
Corn meal, cwt
Bran, "
Choo
Middlings . "
Chickens per lb new .
old
Turkeys " "
Geese "
Ducks " "
COAL.
No. 6, delivered.
s.40
3S
a arH r
' fk lit vorA
t.
" 4 and s at yard j.ts
E. A. RAWLINGS.
DEALER in
All Kinds of Meat.
Beef, Veal, Lamb, Mutton,
Pork, Hams, Bacon, Tongues,
Bologna, &c. Free Delivery
to all parts of the town.
CENTRE STREET,
BLOOMSBURG, PA.
tTelephone connection.
CcMSJRMEMEs:
wwr T rVlvan 1 9.
CAW I OBTAIN A PATRWT t
poinpt nmr naa mm lM opinion, wni. o
M U if N 4c CO., who bat had awl nftr
ipartono la tb. patent buinoaa. CotnmutiK
Mod .wtotlr oonad.Dtlal. A Handbook of In
formation eoaeornina Patent, and how to oft.
lata thorn aonl f reo. Aloa a analog u of ciai
loai and tolontlB. book. Mat freo. ,
Paunu takan through Muna A Co, NO)
nodal notloolntbo rk-iontino Antorlraa. ana
tout aro brought widely botorottia public wlltt
oat ooat to tho Inventor. Thl .plendld pep.
lanied waaklr. olaaaotl, lllaatralod. naa br far Ua
Urgent circulation, of at. actenUno work In u
world, lit rear. Sample eopiea toot free.
Building BdltloaV norjtulr. tliva rear. Bin"
opiea. 'is eenuTirrery number eoateine beaa.
tiful platee. la oolora, and photographa of o.w
poiuaa, wltb plana, enabling builder to abow u
Ute.t dnalima and aecure oontraota. Addraat
JtUNSi i VOm Slaw YOkjt, ST BnoaKWaT.
SAOENDORPH'S PATENT MOTIONAL
Steel Ceilings and
Side Wall Finish.
PorCbarcbeaandBeeldeiiooa. Catalogue, P""
OMlautue, on application to the Bole MenuinowM
I Til fall IMI nbWlH ... (1U.) ar""Sr
aix. r,.l.m I tvhtnln. Fire and Btorem-rrw"
rUeel Ueelag and Bldlaa. elrcuiera.
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