VOL '27
TEACHERS INSTITUTE.
rONTIMKD IKOU LAST Wl.r.K.
Supt. J. M. Coughlin c.f Wilkes
Bane entert lined ami instrucied the
teachers on "I low to Mudy''. His
way of illustrating the subject was
very often applauded by the teachers.
Now this afternoon I came here to
iliscnss the importance of studying tiie
English language. The great Double
is that pupils do not know what words
mean. They should he taught the
meaning of words along with th- text,
in this way they will sec that words
are living things. I can only think of
two teachers who tan Jit me what
words meant and I remember them as
my nest teachers. It is important that
the student know that he tfnu't know.
You must recognize what the children
know. Lead the children to see tin
world around them that they may
make correct observations. Fiom ob
servation conies comparison. (Join
pare the sie of one slate with another
rather than learn their exact sie.
There is a difference in knowledge,
mere knowledge is worthless but avail
able knowledge is valuable.
TfKSDAV EVENING.
Case rendered two solos
Prof
'To
Old
nah's Wedding Son
and
'Tin
l'ianu' .
Mrs. Welsh recited " The Faithful
Lover" and responding to a hearty
encore she also recited a selection
from Shakespeare.
Dr.. P. S. Henson, of Chicago was
next introduced and gave a most
amusing, entertaining and instructive
lectin e on the subject of "Fools". I
can't see why I have to speak on this
subject, it is the poorest lecture I
have, but I suppose the one that chose
the subject knew what would suit you
better than I da (applause).
The first time I delivered this lec
ture was in a lunatic asylum." I am
glad you have had so much to-night,
you are sure of the worth of your
money. I never was here before and
wonder why you didn't send for me
before, (applause).
I asked a miser once how he made
his money, he said he didn't make it
he saved it, stinted his wife and chil
dren and so stingy, dry and crusty,
that I could almost hear his skin rattle
on his bones. The miser is in hell be
fore he gets there.
One morning my boy came to me
with his hair parted nearly in the
middle, I said to him "My son, do
you know you are in danger of expos
ing that soft spot on the top of your
head in that way . He looked at me
and said "Is that the reason you never
combed your hair that way"? The
spiderleg dude and the drunkard are
among the other fools. No man can
drink moderately for thirty years with
out being a drunkard ; if he does not
become a drunkard he will stop before
that time. Archimedes was so taken
up with a geometrical demonstration
that he did not know when his city had
been taken and remained ur.concious
ol the fact when a sol her approached
and killed him by a sword thrust.
The best, most healthful ami most
beautiful wav in the world is to be
natural. When I was called from a
country pastorate to a metropolitan
pulpit, I bought me a broadcloth
suit, a silk hat. a gold headed cane
and strutted around till I found I
would have to do one of three things
take a trip to Kurope, the cemetery,
or be myself. I didn't have the money
to go to Km ope as it took all of it to
buy my clothes, and not having much
of a desire to go to the cemetery, I
chose the last named and found my
self better soon,
WEDNESDAY MORN'INV..
The Institute was called to Order by
Prof. Richardson. Afur singing Work
for the night is Coming, Rev. Mr.
Kurtz conducted the devotional servi
ces, Prof. Case led in singing different
selections.
Supt. Coughlin then took up the
subject of Geography. He said we j
should have a maximum of interest
with a minimum of attention. Local
geography is the beginning of the sub
ject. Pennsylvania is no more local
geography to the child than Africa.
The study of Geography properly be
gins within the personal relations of
the child. By aid of the mind we
bring to the child mental pictures.
We can only bring to the mind of the
child what has actually been seen. All
Pennsylvania meant to me when I
went to school was a picture of it in
the book, maps and globes. I don't
see why maps are pot altogether elim
inated from the books and birds' eye
views givea in their place. I would
'ike to have a globe, everything should
be taught from the globe that you can
before you leave it, The Phoenicians
saw their ships disappearing from their
sight for thousands of vears yet did
not infer from that the rotundity of
the earth ; how could you expect
children to? An illustration that re
quiies n:i explanation is no good. I
think wo are explaining things to death.
The teacher that is apt at 'illustration
has power. Every lesson in geogra
phy should have its basis in things
know. I would rather know all about
twenty cities than be able io name all
tne cities m tho world.
A few pieces of music
t
next
were
sung by the teachers
Alter a fue minute recess Dr. White
gave some more excellent instruction
n teaching. Kveiy thing in teaching
reaches one or more of three results,
experience, power and skill. There is
a proce s or mode we must observe in
reaching these ends There are prin
cipals to guide the teacher in these di
rections. Knowledge result of an act
' " .w ;;iai you know or
ever will know is the result of your
own mental action. Knowledge can
be only taught by occasioning the ap
piopiiate activity of the learner's
nimd. No human soul ever gets a
primary idea from a word : all such
ideas must be taught by personal ob
ject. There is not a scientific school
in Kurope or Atne'iea that teaches sci
ence from books. It is not what the
teacher does but what the scholar
does that tells in his education'. Skill
can only be acquired by practice. I
would rather have a teacher who never
taught at all but had correct ideas
than one who had taught twenty years
without them. The three processes of
teaching are instruction; drilling, and
testing. Repetition is the mother of
skill.
Supt Johnston made a few remarks
in regard to the teachers attendance.
WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON,
Supt. Coughlin occupied the first
period this afternoon on "How to
make Teaching a Success." There is
a difference in teachers and directors
should recognize this in their compen
sation; give them an extra dollar when
they deserve it ami they will repay it
ten times over. Change the atmos
phere ot the room once in a while and
it would be good to have some breath
ing exercises, such as Prof. Case has
been using here in connection with it.
Health, strength and intelligence de
pends on the line of ventilation. By
good order we do not mean a perfect
ly noiseless school.but one in which all
pupils are engaged in doing something
in a quiet and orderly manner. I like
a thorough recitation ; I don't care
about your going over so much, but
let your work be thorough. There
should be a proper connection be
tween one lesson and another.
Rev. Mr. Patterson next spoke on
character. The aim of a teacher's
work is the fitting of the young for
the active duties of life. In order to
do this it is important that the moral
faculties be instructed as well as the
intellectual. A man who is not mo
ral has no idea what morals are. You
must be what you wish to impart to
others. The pupils must have con
fidence in the knowledge of the teach
er and respect his principles. His
character must be such that the pu
pils can look up to him with respect.
Kvery teacher should magnify his
office. He should have before him a
hih moral attainment ana try to at
tain it. The better men you are the
better work you can do.
Moral Discipline was the subject of
Dr. White's afternoon address. He
said the three cardinal virtues are
kindness, truthfulness and justice.
Proper means should be used to se
cure these results. The prize system
is being discarded in the first colleges
in the United States. The privilege
system gives much better results.
Mark tho effort of the pupils, Do
not stigmatize the dull pupils ; treat
them very kindly and endeavor to as
sist them in gaining the object desir
ed. Use artificial incentives only long
enough to gain the desired point, then
drop it. Never use a lower motive
when you could use a higher. When-
ever a mother Degins to mre a cnuu
to mind there will be trouble. There
are a good many natural incentives
but I have only picked out seven
which I will call the Royal Seven :
A desire for good standing, approval,
knowledge, future good, honor, right
and duty.
Mr. K. D. Beishline, of Fishing
creek, Mrs. Cora Holmes, Montour,
and Prof. L. P. Sterner, Bloomsburg,
discussed "How should the Teacher
employ the time out of School," in an
interesting and at the same time in
structive manner. He should employ
himself out of school endeavoring
to store his mind with knowledge
which he can use with advantage in
the school room. It is not right for
a teacher to appear be fore her class
without making some preparation.
Visit patrons of the school. The co
operation of parents and teachers are
essential factors in the success of the
schools.
THURSDAY MORNING.
After singing, the devotional exer
liLOOMSHURG, PA., FRIDAY, IWCKMHHR 30, 1892,
cises were conducted by Rev. Mr.
Heilman, who read from the 5th
chapter of St. Math, and offered pray
er. Dr. White then took up the sub
jeet of Language. II we have wrong
methods in language exercises we will
not reach the right end. 1 once had
a boy come to my school who was
very backward in his studies but wrote
an almost faultless essay in about two
hours. He tad been taught t use
l.uigu,i;;j and not memorise books.
There was not a pupil four years
ahead of him that could wiite good
language as he rlid. lie had been re
quired to write a letter every day. He
brought me all the letters he had
written, 400 in all, nicely arranged.
The first letters were boys letters, but
they kept 011 getting better until
the last were six pages m length. He
knew nothing about grammar but he
did know how to use good language.
That set me to thinking what is the
use of Knghsh grammar for the child
ren. Twenty live years ago I wrote
my fust bock on teaching. I have
learned something since then. Some
boys came to me one d iy when I was
superintendent of the Cincinnati
schools and wanted me to excuse
them from writing compositions every
two weeks. I told them I would on
one condition ; that they should write J
one every day and allow me to teach
them. They had studied Knglish
grammar for five years and could not
speak good Knglish.
There was once a poor boy who
had to leave school to work as report
er for a newspaper on very small pay
and in two years he wrote so well that
he was called to write for a much bet
ter paper with a large increase of sal
ary. We want facility in the child to
express himself clearly. Facility is
the great aim of all teaching and then
skill in the use of written forms. Skill
is acquired by practice. Language
is synthesis ; grmmar is analogy. You
can never impart the act of analysis
by synthesis, and grammar trains
largely by analysis. First have the
child see what you wish hiiu to ex
press for no child can write when it
has nothing to see Never require a
little child to write what he has not
previously told. When a child can
tell you clearly what he has found out,
he is prepared to write it. Teachers
as a class do not know how to teach
music. Nearly all make it a test of
knowledge and not a lesson to acquire
power.
Prof. Case has been giving excellent
instructions in music every day and
he occupied the next period. He
said the time is soon coming when
teachers will be required to teach
music in all the schools. Those who
can teach the rudiment of music now
receive better pay. I would just as
soon teachers could not sing to teach
music. Don't use the whole staff at
first; it confuses the children. You
cannot find anything that will please
the country people better than to
teach the rudiments of music. Make
all good music readers. Procure a
pitch pipe and in that way get the cor
rect key and the teacher need not sing
a single word.
Prof. Noetling spoke on Instruction.
You are all aware that we are living
in an age of progress and in this per
haps the greatest age ot the world it
behooves us to keep ahead with this
momentum. We as teachers want to
prove all things and hold fast to that
which is good. We must see that our
children understand what we present
to them. We must stop the hearing
of lessons and go to insVuifltng. Many
of us read too much and think too lit
tle. Supt. Johnston appointed a teacher
from ear h district to ascertain what
has or will be done towards having ex
hibits at the World's Fair from our
schools.
After answering some questions,
Supt. Coughlin spoke on Physiology.
It is important, lie said, tnat we stem
the tide of intemperance and mae
the next generation stronger and bet
ter. I iy a unanimous vote of the
teachers, the law requiring the teach
ing of physiology was considered a
wise one. If the twelve hundred
million dollars that are spent for al
cohal and narcotics were applied to
education, we would have two acres
of ground for each school house; Brus
sels carpet on the floor, pictures on
the walls and libraries well stocked
with books. Search out the truth and
then have the courage to state it.
Better health and moral character
must come out of this study.
This forenoon was the last time the
Institute was divided in two sections,
as the instructors were the same in
both. We have only recorded what
was done at the Opera House where
the main body of teachers were. In
the afternoon, Prof. Case gave his last
half hour to voice culture, which has
been very much appreciated.
THURSDAY AFTERNOON.
Hon. J. Q. Stewart, Dept. Si.pt. of
Public Instruction, was the fust speak
er this afternoon and spoke clearly
and foiribly on the public school ques
tion. This is the lirst lime I have
ever had the pleasure of meeting yon.
Vy talk will lie something of an off
hand general one. The constitution
of the stat-.- provides for the education
of children above six years , old and
unless the pcopl.: as a body will inter
est themselves in the great work of
education they will be a dead letter.
Upon the Doily known as the school
board rests the greatest responsibilities.
He not only selects building sites, but
erects the buildings and also employs
the teachers. The school director has
greater powers ami responsibilities
than any other official in this country,
it is '.he most sacred trust that can be
placed in any hands. You should
get the best building sites, erect I he
best houses, and select the best teach
ers possible. It ought to be a better
house than was built twenty years ago,
you find advance in other things ami
there should be the same spirit in our
directors. The same care should be
exercised in tne teacher. How many
of the teachers have any assurance
that you are going to teach the same
school next year ? Some of the schools
have no longer terms 'than they had
last year. That is not right, it is his
duty to extend the term. How many
of the teachers are teaching for the
same they did five years ago ? Teach-
CONTINt'ED ON PA(1 E SEVEN.
CHRISTMAS ECHOES.
HOW THE DAY WAS CEL11RATED AT
SEVERAL CHURCHES.
THE
The Christmas festival of the Pres
byterian Sunday School was held in
the Sunday School room on Monday
afternoon. A larg.j tree was prepared
and gifts distributed to the scholars.
The younger classes sang a number of
carols, and there were some addresses
and other appropriate exercises.
The Episcopal Sunday School held
its Christmas exercises in the Parish
House, and there was a large attend
ance. There was a tree, and gifts for
each scholar. A number of pretty
carols were sung by the school. The
rector conducted the services.
At the M. E. Church the exercises
took place on Sunday morning.
They consisted of responsive reading,
singing, recitations &c. It was an en
joyable service. The presents were
distributed on Saturday evening in the
Sunday School room.
The entertainment given m the
Lutheran Church entitled "Shine for
a Dime," was witnessed by a crowded
house. All seemed pleased with the
play. The chief characters were
Miss Annie Snyder, Clem Wiss, and
Willie Quick the latter taking the
part of a boot black rendered his
part in fine style, he spoke clear and
distinctly and acted as if reality.
Lloyd Crist took the part of Santa
Clans, appeared near the close of the
play and aftsr asonganda few remarks
unloaded his packs promiscuously
among the actors. At the close of
the play boxes of candy and other
presents were distributed to the
members of the Sunday School.
BAD!, HURT,
While returning from Danville last
Monday night James Tracy was thrown
from the wagon near the Hemlock
bridge on the Rupert road, and had
his skull fractured. Florence Dono
hue was with him and was also thrown
out. but not seriously hurt. It is sup
posed the horse became unmanage
able. Tracy is the Western Union
operator here. On Thursday morn
ing he was reported as improving.
EAST BENTON.
An entertainment was held at the
St. James church on Christmas eve.
Two large trees occupied either side
of the altar. The exercises consisted
of recitations, Christmas carols, &c.
All the exercises were rendered in a
creditable manner, and some in a very
excellent manner. The best of order
prevailed through out. The children
were made very happy by the distri
bution of gifts which were numerous
and handsome. But all should re
flect upon the source from which all
blessings How.
One of our contemporaries
vent to this horrible hint:
Chinese never dun a debtor,
money isn't paid when due, ofi
gives
"The
If the
comes
an car. If that rule were enforced
in this country, some of our subscrib
ers would have been reduced to mince'
meat long before to-day."
TIIE HOLLY CLUB.
EEIlLIAKT ACSEif uLY. AT " THE
EXCHANGE.
A
I Wednesday night was an eventful
J occasion in society circles. The Ho'.iy
1 Club held its hrst reception at the Ex
I change Hotel, Bloomsburg, and it is
many years, since so brilliant a throng
I has assembled at any similar party in
I this town. There were over iiiu .-t
persons present, those from out of
town being the followin : : 'Miss Lew
is, Miss Walk J. C. I';':::her and W.
L. Showers of Lcwis'.mrg ; Miss Packer.
Miss Jennie Moody, Miss Sarah Mood) ,
J. Simpson Kline, C. L. Kramer, of
Sunbury ; Misses Florence. Romaine
and Louise Seybolt.l John Ward, II.
W. Hodgdon, W. W. Drinker, of
Scranton; Miss Chase of St. Louis;
Miss Gearhart of Danville; Miss
Kitty Straub of Hagerstown, Mary
land ; Miss Sue Kuii)on, of Newark ;
Mr. and Mrs. Louis Towiiaend, Miss
Marie Brock way, Woodin Hanley, of
Berwick ; Thos. F. Forrest, of New
York ; Mr. i.nd Mrs. John Gilbert,
W. C. Sloan of Philadelphia; Mr. ami
Mrs. W. C. Leverett, Mr. and Mrs. J. C.
Wiegand, of Wilkes barre ; John Q.
Adams of Shamokin ; S. A. Goodhue
of Jamison City; Miss Bess Monroe
of Rupert ; A. L. Davenport of Ply
mouth. Kverything at the hotel was in the
best of shape, the holly decorations
being profuse. Excellent music was
provided by Prof. Oppenheim's orches
tra of Wilkes barre. The refresh
ments were delicious, and were nicely
served, causing but little delay in the
dancing.
The guests of the Club were re
ceived in the public parlor by the pat
ronesses present, Mrs. F. P. Billmeyer,
Mrs. Geo. E. Elwell, Mrs. II. A. Mc
Killip and Mrs. Chas Watson Mc
Kelvy. When the last dance on the
list of twenty-four was ended, it was
nearly four o'clock in the morning,
and while everybody was tired, the
party broke up with reluctance. It
was certainly one of the nicest and
largest receptions ever held here, and
the hope was universally expressed
that the Club would repeat the dose
every year, or oftener. The array of
beautiful girls and handsome gowns is
seldom surpassed anywhere.
The efforts of Mr. and Mrs. Mc
Closky. the accommodating landlord
and his wife, were crowned with suc
cess, the arrangements being perfect
and complete about the hotel, and
giving entire satisfaction.
Chas. W. McKelvy acted as general
manager and Master of Ceremonies,
and the success of the affair is largely
due to his very efficient preparation of
all the details.
The Holly Club has now made its
debut. Long live the Holly Club I
SOME CHANGES.
Mrs. J. G. Wells has traded her
Centre street property to E. A. Raw
lings, and has become the owner of
the Rawlings building, next to the
Columbian building. On the first of
April Mr. Rawlings will move his
meat market to the shop now oc
cupied by C. H. Reice. Mr. Reice
will move to the building of Miss
Bessie Kuhn, and occupy the store
room now used by G. N. Wilson, as
a meat market.
P. 0. S. Of A.
The Patriotic Order Sons of Amer
ica of Lightstreet, had a big time last
Saturday. The Orangeville Band and
Lime Ridge Camp with drum corps
were among the visitors. A new hall
was dedicated, and a fine parade took
place at noon. .An eloquent address
was delivered by Fred Ifceler Esq.
MERCANTILE APPltAISR.
W. T. Creasy of Catawissahas been
apointed Mercantile Appraiser by the
county commissioners. He is well
qualified tor the position, and will per
form all his duties carefully and satisfac
torily. "WATCH NIGHT.
There will be watch services in the
Methodist Episcopal church next Sat
urday night beginning at o P. M.,
followed by services each night the
following week. On Sunday, preach
ing at 10 J A. M. and 7 P. M.
A Happy New Year.
Come everybody and the Epworth
League will entertain you for an hour,
with select reading, recitations and
music on New Years Eve, in the M.
E. Church at Light Street. Mr. M. I.
Low is expected to be present and
give us a talk on some good subject.
Fire escapes are being put up at
the Opera House and Exchange Hotel.
NO 53
persona;.
K. Barton John, student at Lehigh
University, is at home on vacation.
Dr. and Mrs. James B. Neal have
returned from Philadelphia.
W. II. Snyder Esq. was in Ilar
risliiiig on Monday.
Samuel II. Harman spent last
Monday in Danville.
Mr. and Mrs. Charles Unangst of
New York are visiting Mr. Unangst's
parents.
William Oman was in town on Mon
day and fixed a date for a public sale
in the spring.
C. B. White, one of Orangeville's
leading nanifacturers, was 111 town
yesterday.
J. II. Mercer, C. P. Armstrong anil
J. A. Hess went to Harrisburg on
Monday to witness a shooting match.
L. S. Wmtersteen Esq. and M. E.
Edwards have gone to Florida on
legal business.
Mr. and Mrs. Scott Conner of
Trenton visited friends here during
the holidays.
John Reice of Philadelphia is spend
ing a few days with his brother Charles
Reice.
Louis Bernhard Jr. came down from
Scranton, where he is attending school,
to spend the holidays with his parents.
Frank Miller is spending his holi
day vacation at home. He is in the
Senior clas at Lafayette College.
Charles P. Elwell is spending this
week at Reading, attending a con
vention of music teachers.
Edward T. Ringler and family of
Woodville, Ohio, are visiting at R. H.
Ringlers.
Mr. and Mrs. John Gilbert of
Philadelphia are spending the holidays
with their relatives in Bloomsburg and
Catawissa.
Fred C. Drinker has accepted a
position as salesman with E. K. Gra
ham & Co. dealers in printers' supplies
and machinery, Philadelphia.
Mrs. Woodin. Mrs. Hanly and
Woodin Hanly, of Berwick ate their
Christmas dinner with Mr. and Mrs.
R. W. Oswald.
Matthew McReynolds is at home
on a visit. He is engaged as a civil
engineer, and is ot present residing at
Tannersville, Pa.
Edward Eyer and Charles La wall
who are taking a course at the
Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, are
at home on a visit.
Thomas Ilagenbuch will soon move
from Centre township to Bloomsburg,
and will occupy the Ilendershott pro
perty at East and Eighth streets.
L. M. Creveling of Fishingcreek
was in town on Wednesday and made
this office a pleasant call. He is al
ways a welcome visitor.
Stewart Girton of Hemlocks was
among the visitors to town on Wed
nesday, and took advantage of the oc
casion to pay his subscription for
another year.
Mrs. C. Leidy and family of Sum
merville, Texas County, Mo., has re
turned to Bloomsburg where she ex
perts to make her home. Mrs. Leidy
is a sister to Mrs. Chas. . Hassert of
East Street.
Mr. and Mrs. Voris of Scranton
spent Christmas at Mr. Louis Bern
hard's. Mr. Voris has a fine voice
and sings well. His wife is an expert
pianist and plays his accompaniments
in a charming manner.
Mrs. Ellen Chase and her daughters
Misses Mary and Josephine, and Miss
Mary Leverett, are visiting Rev.
W. C. Leverett and family. Mrs.
Chase and Miss Leverett are the
sisters of Mr. Leverett. They former
ly resided in Newport, but spent the
past two years in Europe, and are
now on their way to St. Louis, where
they will reside in future.
Among the Bloomsburg people now
residing elsewhere, who came back to
spend Christinas, were Mr. and Mrs.
R. C. Neal and sons, ot liarnsDurg;
George A. Clark, of Tyrone; W. Clark
Sloan, of Philadelphia; Morris Sloan,
of Scranton; Mr. and Mrs W. Lev
erett, of Wilkesbarre; Frank Sloan, of
Baltimore; Win, Drinker of Scranton,
Mr. and Mrs. Richard C. Drinker of
South Bethlehem; Dr. and Mrs. D. W.
Conner, of Wilkesbarre, and Mr. wid
Mrs. J. C. Weigand of Wilkesbarre.
A few inches of snow now would
make good sltighing. This would de
light the lovers of sleigh riding, and
would be particularly acceptable to
the liverymen, whose cutters have
not earned storage room for several
years past.
X