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VOIi 27.
BLOOMS15URG. PA., FRIDAY, OCTOBER 11.
NO. 12
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Ho Uoolarei the Homestead Etrikors by
Their Organised Defiance of the Law
Placed
THEMSELVES OUTSIDE OF ITS PALE.
T3S ADVISOSfcOMMITTSE COM
MITTED EI3H TREASON,
The unusual spectacle of the
chief justice of the supreme court
of the state sitting as a judge in
the court of oyer and terminer of a
county in the state, was witnessed by
a large rowd in the criminal court
room at Pittsburg last Monday morn
ing, when Chief Justice Paxson charg
ed the grand jury as to what constitu
ted treason against the state in the
caccs against the members of the
Homestead strikers' advisory com
mittee.
Upon the bench sat the chief jus
tice, Judges Stowe, McClung, l'orter
and Kennedy, while in the clerk's
portion sat Judge Slagle. The room
was crowded almost to sufToccation.
When court opened Judge Kennedy
turned to the grand jury, and said
that charges of treason having been
made against certain persons, it seem
ed meet for the county court to re
quest the highest judicial officer of the
state to deliver the charge. After de
tailing the causes leading tip to the
Homestead strike, Justice Paxson
said :
THE AUTHORITY OKA SHERIFF.
"The mutual right of the parties to
contract in regard to wages and the
character of the employment, whether
by the piece or by the day, whether
for ten hours or less, is fixed as any
other right which we enjoy under the
constitution and laws of this state. It
is a right which belongs to every citi
zen, laborer or capitalist, and it is the
plain duty of the state to protect them
m the enjoyment of it."
Coming up to the formation of the
advisory committee and the part
taken by it in the strike, he said :
"It is alleged that the advisory com
mittee did more than to induce others
not to accept employment from the
company ; that it allowed no person
to enter the mill of the Carnegie steel
company, and even permitted no
strangers to enter the town of Homes
tead without its consent ; that it ar
ranged an organization of a military
character, consisting of three divisions,
with commanders, captains, &c, the
captains to report to the division com
manders, and the latter to report to
the advisory committee."
He then detailed how the authority
of the sheriff had been defied, the ar
rival of the Pinkertons, the riot fol
lowing and finally the mobilization of
the state troops, adding :
NO SYMPATHY FOR STRIKERS.
'We can have some sympathy with
a mob driven to desperation by hun
ger, as in the days of the French re
volution, but we have none for men
receiving exceptionally high wages in
resisting the law and resorting to vio
lence and bloodshed in the assertion
of imaginary rights, and entailing such
a vast expense upon the t ix-payers of
the commonwealth. It was not a cry
for bread to feed their famishing lips,
resulting in a sudden outrage, with
good provocation, it is a deliberate at
tempt by men without authority to
control others in the enjoyment of
their rights."
The men had a right to refuse to
ork and persuade others to join them,
hut the moment they attempted to
control the works and resorted to vio
lence they placed themselves outside
the pale of the law.
"If we were to concede the doctrine
that the employee may dictate to his
employer the terms of his employment,
and upon the refusal of the latter to
accede to them to take possession of
"is property and drive others away
willing to work we would have an
anarchy. No business could be con
ducted on such a basis : that doctrine
hen once countenanced would be ex
tended to every industry."
ORGANIZED DEFIANCE OF LAW.
The justice then defined as treason
the organization of a large number of
men m a common purpose to defy the
'aw, resist its officers and to deprive
any portion of their fellow citizens of
jheir rights under the constitution and
laws. It js a state of war, said he,
when a business plant has to l:e sur
"Junded by the army of the state to
Protct it from unlawful violence at
,tuj hands of former employees.
Every member of such asserted
gove-nment, whether it be an advisory
committee or by whatever name it is
called, who has participated in such
"SurPtion, who has joined in a com
mon purposd of resistance to the law
n? a deniJj 0f the rights to other
"zens, ha committed treason against
the state. While the definition of
this offense is the designing or over
turning of the government of the state,
such intention need not extend to
every portion of the territory.
"It is sufficient if it be an over
turning of it in a particular locality,
and such intent may be inferred from
the acts committed. If you find
from the evidence that the defen
dants have, or any of them has, com
mitted, participated, and aided in
any of the acts which I have de
fined to you as constituting the offense
of treason, it will be your sworn duty
to find a true bill against the party or
parties so offending.
THE ROAD TO ANARCHY.
"We have reached the point in the
history of the state where there are
but two roads for us to pursue ; the one
leads to order and good government,
the other to anarchy. The one great
question which concerns the people of
this country is the enforcement of the
law and the preservation of order,
" The company had the undoubted
right to protect its property. For
this purpose it would lawfully em
ploy as many men as it saw proper,
and arm them if necessary, as long as
the men employed by the company as
watchmen to guard and protect its
property acted only in that capacity
and for that purpose.
"It matters not to the rioters nor
tn the public who they were nor from
whence they came. It was an act of
unlawful violence amounting at least
to a riot upon the part of all con
cerned in it. If life was taken in
nursuance of a nurnnsp to ri-sist: th?
landing of the men by violence the
rr t t
onense was murder and pernaps
treason.
THE DUTY OF THE STATE.
"The rights of the men, as before
stated, were to refuse to work unless
their terms were acceeded them and
to persuade others to join them in
such refusal, but the law will sustain
them.no further. The moment they
attempted to control the works and
to prevent by violence or threats of
violence other laborers from coins to
work there, they placed themselves
outside the pale of the law.
"It is the duty of the state to pro
tect every citizen within her borders.
In this there is no distinction be
tween the laborer and the capitalist;
it protects each with equal impartiality
When the state fails to to this it
fails in its duty as sovereign, and it
will protect with a firm hand the in
dividual laborer from the tyranny and
unlawful demand of organized labor.
The law should be so enforced
from the Delaware to the Ohio thit
the honest laborer can work for whom
he pleases and at what wages he sees
fit, undeterred by the bludgeon of the
rioter or the pistol of the assassin."
Suffering forWatar.
A PROTRACTED DRY SPELL AMONG THE
TOWNS OF SCHUYLKILL COUNTY.
The inhabitants of Schuylkill county
are suffering for water. The long
drought which has prevailed in the
valley since July last has dried up all
the springs and reservoirs, and in sev
eral towns water is being peddled
about the streets. At Shenandoah, a
town of about fifteen thousand inhabi
tants, the reservoir has run dry and
the people have been without water
since Thursday of last week. Ash
land and Mahanoy City, in the same
valley, are badly in need of water.
The inhabitants of these towns
have been put on a two-hour supply
daily. At Mahanoy City the reser
voir contains but two feet of water.
Pottsville, St. Clair, Port Carbon, Palo
Alto and Yorkville are limited in their
supply. There is only one dam sup
plying all of these towns and it con
tains about twenty feet of water. The
fact the cold weather is coming on
renders the state of affairs even more
deplorable and there is little hope of
having the supply replenished before
the spring thaw commences.
LUTHER ENTERTAINMENT.
The Luther Entertainment given in
the Opera House Tuesday and Wed
nesday evenings under the auspices of
the Christian Endeavor Society of the
Lutheran Church, was a great success.
Mrs. Monroe of Philadelphia, the au
thor of the entertainment gave views
of the trial of Martin Luther in 85
large stereoptician pictures upon a
large canvass. 70 ladies and gentle
men took part in the marching and
songs. 1 2 gentlemen represented the
scene of the Trial of Martin Luther
at Worms. The scene of the 8 nuns
leaving the Convent was very impres
sive. The audience was well pleasec
with the entertainment.
If you do not want to bother with
getting dinner at home during the
fair go down to the fair ground and
get a splindid meal at the Dining
hall.
THE GOVERNMENT 3 EXHIBIT-
WHAT UNCLE SAM WILL SHOW TO THE
PEOPLE IN CHICAGO.
Preparations are actively in pro
gress in all of the executive depart
ments for the Government exhibit at
the World's Columbian exposition in
Chicago, and the several branches of
the whole exhibit are beginning to as
sume a definite shape.
In each department, and in most of
the departmental bureaus, men with
special qualifications are at work
gathering and collating material, and
it is now evident that this exhibit will
be finer and better, fuller and more
scientifically arranged, than any one
ever heretofore made. For the
Government exhibit Congress has al
ready appropriated $798,250. and it
is expected that the next session the
amount will be increased to a round
million of dollars, or a quarter of a
million more than was appropriated
for the exhibit at the Centennial
Exposition.
The Government building at
Chicago will also be much finer than
the Philadelphia building, $400,000
having been specially appropriated for
it, whereas the Centennial Govern
ment building cost only So,ooo.
Of the 1,000,000 (exclusive of 400,
000 for the building) appropriated or
to be appropiiated, the Agricultural
Department and the Smithsonian
Institution get the largest share, with
$150,000 each: the Fish Commission
$100,000, and the War and Navy
Department each $140,000.
The Agricultural Department has
the preparation of its exhibit fairly
well under way. Mr. Philip Walker
and Mr. Hubbard, with experts in
separate branches, are preparing an
exhibit which, it is believed, will result
in an improvement of farming
methods and thereby make the ex
position of material benefit to farmers
and others. It will also be an at
tractive exhibit, pleasing to the eye.
The whole of the United States and
its products will be spread out in
miniature before the rural visitor and
he and the consuming public will have
an opportunity to see not only all
varieties of products, but also the in
sects, the germs and other wonders of
microscopical researches which make
the coa-s unhealthy, disease the meat
of the hog, rob the corn field of its
harvest, the cottoa plant of its bloom,
and the potato plant of its tubers.
AMONG THE ANIMALS.
The bureau of Animal Industry
will show by models made from life
the appearance of animals diseased.
On a huge globe there will be a map
of the course of pleuro-pneumonia
showing whence started, where it
spread, where it is in existence, and
the manner in which it was finally
cornered and stamped out in this
country. Methods of treatment will
also be shown . Alongside this map
will be shown faithfully color product
ions, giving an ocular demonstration
of the appearance of the lungs and
flesh of the animal in health and in
sickness.
The system of the meat inspection
will be shown ior the benefit of
foreigners who have recently opened
their ports to American meats. Hog
cholera will be shown. A rabbit
afflicted with the disease will form
part of the exhibit. It was inoculated
with the germs, examined, and a wax
model made showing the interior of
the animal exactly as it was found to
be when cut open. The work of this
nature will be large and well done.
Steamships and railway models will
illustrate the advance made in the
care of live stock in transit.
This bureau will have a laboratory
at wort and the man who reads about
the "new fangled germ theory" in the
papers will see the germ in glass
cases, in milk, in meat, and will learn
the way in which the scientists
cultivate them and will by means of a
fiue piece of work see how they are
transplanted when the disease expert
of the bureau wants to examine them.
The entomological division will ex
hibit the litile insects which cause so
much destruction and the city man
who reads of whuat smut, peach yellow,
pear blight; etc , will have their effects
put before his eyes. This work has
been done very neatly. In one glass
case is a potato vine with the bugs on
it at work so naturally as to tempt a
fanner boy to resume his occupation
of picking them off. The bug is
shown at work on a vine and then
there is another representation show
ing the vine minus a great part of its
leaves
Near' it is a cotton plant with its
white boll opened and shedding,
against a fresh green corn stalk on
which an insect is at work. It has
been discovered that the same insect
pays attention to the cotton plant and
the corn stalk, and as it prefers corn
fodder to cotton, that fact is illus
trated in order that farmers may
learn how to pave their cotton.
One of the fn.est figures shows
a clover field with re I blossom 4 on
which the clover fly has begun work
The appearance and effects of other
insects are faithfully shown. The
grain, fruit and other sections will
make a fine display so nrranged as to
give greatest amount of information.
It is expected this display will to
some extent result in experimentation
and cultivation of new varieties in
various localities. For instance, a
collection of Ben Davis apples has
been made a figure work, and by
labels giving the place of production
the effect of climate on this and on
other varieties wil be shown, together
with the effect the change has on the
yield.
THE EXHIBIT OF GRAINS.
In Wheat there are 2500 samples;
oats, 2000; corn, 2000; buckwheat,
300; rye, 500; barley, 400, and of
other grains, 1000 samples. Taking
some Northern raised corn it is shown
how from season to season the plant
ing of this kind of corn in the South
produces indentations, until finally
"dent" corn is the result. Samples of
Scotch rife wheat taken far north of
Manitoba and some far south of Man
itoba will be exhibited as another
example of the influence of change of
climate. In each rase the label will
show the country, State' and amount
of yield of each kind of grains: persons
interested will be able" to trace the
effect of change of climates. Method
of cultivation will also of course be
shown.
The ornithological department will
be gay in color with stuffed birds and
small animals from a'.l parts of the
United Sutes. The old controversy
over the English sparrow is revived in
the figures siio.Vii in one case. On a
green glass plot studded with dande
lions and looking very natural are a
robin with a worm in its mouth and
two sparrows close by ready to rob
poor Robin of his breakfast. Above
this scene h.v.gs a fragrant pink peach
bough on which the sparrow is at work
to the destruction of the grower's pros
pects for pocket money.
Death's Valley in Nevada may be
seen in this collection. Dr. Merriam
spent some time there recently. Sev
eral f.ic simile models of it have been
made with the little mice and other
small animals that constitute the sole
life of this region of horror.
The forestry Division will have an
interesting exhibit of the woods of
America admirably arranged. As a
part of this exhibit there will be a col
lection of metal ties for railroads,
complaint having been made that the
use of wooden ties is denuding the
country of its forests. The tensile
strength, compressibility and other
functions of the various woods will be
shown for the information of builders.
In the Botanical Division Dr. Evans
has collected all the various grasses of
the West. The buffalo grasses and
various cacti of the arid regions will
be exhibited ; and this work likewise
has been conducted with the view to
affording as much valuable informa
tion and suggestion for experiment as
possible.
In the chemical laboratory tests will
be made and the methods of food
adulteration shown. It is said that
this work will be in the nature of a
revelation to most people.
John M. Estes, of Stoughton, Wis.,
is in charge of the tobacco exhibit.
He is an expert in his line and a de
cided believer in improvements in the
methods of curing tobacco. A part
of this exhibit will include models of
the various styles of tobacco barns. A
typical tobacco barn of the old style
is first shown. It is almost air-tight,
heated by a furnace and the foul air
remains inside. The b st recently
erected barns are next shown in con
trast, with their ventilating arrange
ments, dampers on top of the smoke
stacks and .other conveniences by
which the foul air can be permitted to
escape.
A collection of plows has been ac
cumulated, and at least two of them
date back to the seventeenth century.
Edward A. Green, the Philadelphia
expert, and John T. Rich, now run
ning for Governor of Michigan, have
charge of the wool exhibit, which will
be large and complete, as will also be
the cotton.
An Out Crop of Goal at Boach Haven.
Rev. J. R. King, pastor of the
Reach Haven M. E. Church, is quite
an exi, ert in searching for minerals.
He discovered an out-crop of coal in
th? rear of the parsonage lot at Reach
Haven a few days ajo and after fol
lowing it for a short distance found
the indications more promising. The
track of the D. L. & W. R. R. pre
vented a further search at that spot
and it has been decided to procure a
drill and put dowi. a proof hole farther
up the hill-side.
NORMAL SCCCOL NOTES.
It scarcely matters at all when one
visits the Normal School he is always
certain of seeing improvements which
stand for progress, or changes which
the continually growing school makes
necessary.
THE NEW BUILDING.
The excavations for the main part
of the very large proposed new build
ing are about finished. Owing to the
scarcity of laborers about town, a num
ber of Hungarians were brought from
Wilkes- Barre.
Mr. Long, the contractor, proposes
to put the same earnestness and activ
ity to this building as was shown in
the repairs of the old chapel last year.
THE FCOT-I1ALL TEAM.
Under the direct control of Prof
Detwiler, a double team of players for
foot-ball have been chosen and are
practicing on the grounds of Athletic
Park every evening from 4 to 5. Con
sidering the difficulties of the game
and the inexperience of the boys, there
has already been some very fine playing-
Arrangements are being made with
Cucknell's second team for a match
game. The Normal team has been
fitted out very completely in regula
tion costumes and are ready for all
the wear and tear of the average game
of foot-ball.
VISITORS AT THE SCHOOL.
Resides the great number of callers
the school has from amonj the town's
people, every week sees some one
from a distance who is brought here
either to visit some friend or to look
on upont he daily class-room work.
Last week Mr. William Mullen of
Trenton, N. J., spent two days with
his neice,Mrs Detwiler. This was his firs,
visit to the town and school. lie was
much surprised at the great school he
found and also with the busy indus
tries of our rapidly growing town.
Principal Welsh spent last Saturday
at Harrisburg in attendance upon a
meeting of the Principals of all our
State Normal Schools.
Some very important measures wee
discussed relative to the exhibition of
school-room work at the World's Fair
next year j and also others relating to
the courses of study in our Normal
Schools.
A most interesting meeting of the
students was held on last Sunday after
noon at 3 o'clock, at which time Mrs.
H. E. Monroe of Philadelphia, ad
dressed the students on "Life's Op
portunities". COLUMBUS DAY.
PROGRAM OF EXERCISES.
At two o'clock on Friday afternoon,
October aist appropriate exercises
will be held at the fair ground, in
commenoration of the 400th an
niversary of the discovery of America
by Columbus. I he Normal bchool
and the public school will participate.
It is hoped that all places of business
will close during the exercises, and
that everybody will attend the exerci
ses.
Judge Ikeler will preside and the
program will be as follows :
Song, Hail Columbia. Prayer, Rev.
D. J. Waller Sr. Declamation,
"Columbus and Columbia's flag",
Miss Minnie Hehl, High School
Song, Star Spangled Banner; De
clamation ' Memorial of Columbus."!
Miss Jessie Ent, Normal Schoo
Song, America.
Declamation, continued
Song, Red White and Blue.
Ddclamation continued.
Song, Battle cry of Freedom.
Declamation continued.
Song of Columbus Day.
Declamat'O.i, continued.
Song, Batt'e Hymn of the Republic.
Address, Col. John G. Freeze.
Salute to the Flag,
Doxology, Praise God from whom
all blessings flow.
Sarah, wife of Oscar Achenbach
died at her residence,, Williamsport,
last Thursday morning from consump
tion of the bowels, aged 56 years.
Funeral services were he'd Saturday
afternoon Oct. 9 at 2 o'clock. She was
a daughter of the late Abram Kline,
and was born and raised at Orange
ville; her mother, Mrs. Catharine
Kline, survives her, and Had made her
home with her. She was the mother
of three sons, Calvin, Newton, and
Harry, all of whom, together with an
affectionate husband survive her.
A number of views of St. Paul's
Church has been taken by M' Killip
Bros, and they are for sale by mem
bers of the choir with whom orders
may be left. They embrace an ex
terior view of the Church and Parish
House, several interior views, and a
front view of the Rectory. Price 50
cents each.
PERSONAL.
Samuel H. Harman spent a few
days in Philadelphia the past week.
D. L' Brown of New York is taking
in the fair this week.
Howard Bidleman is visiting friends
in town.
Judge El well passed his 841 li
birthday on the 9th inst.
The Arizona mummies are on ex
hibition at the fair.
Mr. and Mrs. William Leveret"
will return to Bloomsburg on Thurs
day.
Mrs. A. A. Marple of Bridgeport is
the guest of her sister Mrs. M. II.
McKinney.
The public schools are closed this
week after Tuesday, on account of
the fair.
Mrs. A. Z. Shoch and Mrs. Charles
Watson McKelvy have returned from
Philadelphia, where they spent a week.
The drinking fountain is located
on Market square, at the corner near
Bryfogle's market.
R. H. Ringler has accepted a
position with C. Mears & Son as
book keeper.
E. R. Drinker was down town on
Monday, for the first time in several
weeks, having been confined to the
house by illness.
COLUMBIA COUNTY FAIR.
DIGGER AND HETTER THAN EVER.
The 3SU1 annual exhibitiou of the
Columbia County Agricultural
Society opened on Tuesday. The
number cf entries are larger then ever
before, and if the weather continues
pleasant, the attendance wili be the
largest known in the history of the
society. The new race track, the
new grand stand, the enlarged grounds
and the special pains taken to make
this surpass all other efforts, are some
of the elements that give promise of
so much this year.
1 he Main Hall is filled with all
sorts of exhibits, among them being
fine displays from the Woolen Mill,
Silk Mill, Desk Factory, Furniture
Factory, I ube Works. M Killip Bros.
have a fine display of photograpic and
crayon work. Alexander Bros. & Co.
show a fine assortment of meerscham
goods, tobaccos and cigars, very tastily
arranged. There is a large variety of""
shells &c. from Florida. J. Saltzer
has his usual fine exhibit of organs,
pianos and sewing machines. The
display of fancy articles, fruit, domes
tic goods, furniture, stoves, carriages,
cattle, poultry, machines and every
thing else is great, lhere are about
fifty eating stands on the grounds, a
dozen or more shows, picture galleries,
and numerous other stands, but noth
ing of a gambling nature. We go to
press too soon to report any of the
races, but they are expected to be
good. Some fine horses are entered.
The management is worthy of much
praise for their enterprise and energy
in the preparations for this year's fair.
Death of Sister and Brother
Mrs. Ruth Robbins, wife of Mr.
J. J. Robbins, died at Wilkesbarre
Monday afternoon after illness last
ing many weeks, aged 56 years.
Mrs. Robbins was a frequent visitor
to Shickshinny and was greatly be
loved by her circle of friends.
Three daughters, Misses Hattic and
Laura Robbins and Mrs. J. W.
Benscoter, one son Mr. C. W. Rob
bins, of Scranton, with the husband
survive. The funeral services were
held yestetday afternoon, burial at
Hollenback cemetery.
Rev. A. S. Bowman received a
telegram Tuesday afternoon an
nouncing the death of Rev. A. M.
Kester at Lincoln, Neb. on the
morning of the same day. Rev. Mr..
Kester was pastor of the Shickshinny
M. E. Church eighteen years ago and
was at the time of his death a super
annuate minister of the Central Penn
sylvania Conference. The deceased
was a brother ol Mrs. Robbins, whose
death is announced above and their
deaths occuring so close together
bring a double sorrow to their friends.
Mr. Kester leaves a wife and daughter
in Lincoln and a son, Rev. Reese
Kester, of Chicago. chicksnun 1
Echo.
VOTING BOOTHS-
A voting booth n erected on the:
fair grounds, and specimen ballots
have been provided by the county
commissioners, so that everybody cr.n
learn how the voting is to be done at
the coming election. This , is an
opportunity that should be improved.
People should examine carerV'.v
all silver dollars tendered theft
Numerous counterfeits of il - r
coinage of 189J are flooding thj
country just at present.
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