PROFESSIONAL CARDS.
u Fiurz
' AT,TOItNEY.AT,LAW,
Offioe Front Hoop, Over PoBtoffloo.
BLOOMBDUIlO, PA.
T II. MAIZE
' ATTO RNK Y-AT-L AW,
Offior. Room, No. 2, Columbian
building.
HLOOMSIWHO, PA.
Jin.80thl8S8,tf. 1
TW- U.FUNlfT
' ATTORNET-AT-LAW.
omoo in ftiw Dulldlng. Bwmiw, Pa
J OilN M. OliAHK, "
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW
AND
JU-jTIOE of the peaoe,
bloomsidxo, I'l
Offlo oyer Moycr Bros. Drug store.
c
W.MILLER,
ATTORNKY-AT-LAW.
omcoln Brower'sbulldlrjfr.secondfloor.roora No.l
Bloonubarg, Fa.
FRANK ZABR,
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW.
Bloomsburg, Pa.
onica corner ot Contra and Main Streets. Clark
Dulldlng.
Can bo consulted In Gorman,
G
EO. E. ELWELL
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW,
Office on second floor, third room ot Col
dmuian UulIdttiKt M'n street, below Ex.
change Hotel.
pAOL E. WIRT,
Attorney-at-Law.
Offlco In Coldmbiam Bcildimo, Third floor,
BLOOMSBURG, PA.
H
V. WHITE,
i
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW, .
BLOOMSBURG, PA.
Offlco in Uiowors' Building, 2nci;Qoor.
may 1-U
t, .wumxamx.
,KNCRB & WINTERBTEEN, -Attorneys-qt-gLav.
omoo in 1st National Bans building, second floor,
nrst door to tbs left Uornor orMaln and Market
itrootioomsDarg,ra.
tSni'itinont and Bountict Collected.
;p: billmeyer,
(DISTRICT ATTORNE?.)
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW.
iKTOdlco over Dcntlcr's slioo store.
Bloomsburg, Fa. rapr-30.86V!
H. RHAWN.
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW.
Catawlsaa, Fa.
omoe.eorner ot Third andllaln Bttocta
jyjIOHAEL F. EYERLY,
Conveyancer, Collector of. Claims.
AND
LEGAL ADVICE IK TDK 8ETTLEMKNT OF
ESTATES,' to.
nrofflco In Dentler's building with F. r. BUI
merer, attornejr.at-law, front rooms, 2nd floor
DioomBDurgi ra. lapr-i-w.
D
B. IIONORA A. BOBBINS.
Offlco and residence West First street. Blooms-
ourg, rav novvo eo iy.
T B. McKELVY, M. D.,Sureeon and Vhj
V slcln, north side Main street, below Market
D
R. J. 0. BUTTER,
PHYSICIAN 4S SURGEON,
Offloe. North Market street.
Bloomsburg, F
rR. WM. M. REBER Surtreon and
Physician, omce cornor ot Rook and Market
ireot.
ESTABLISHED 1B70.
J.
J. BROWN.
PHYSICIAN AND BURGEON.
Offlco and residence on Tnlrd street near Metho
dist church. Diseases, or tie eye a specialty,
EXCHANGE HOTEL,
W, R. TUBBS, PROPRIETOR
BL00U35VB9, PA.
OPPOSITE COURT HOUSE.
Large and convenient somplo rooms. Bath room
hot and cold water, and all modern conveniences
B.
F. UAHTMAN
bifbisshts ini roLLowiKa
AMERICAN INBURANOE;COMPANIEB
North American ot Philadelphia.
Franklin, " "
Pennsylvania, " "
York,ot Pennsylvania.
Hanover, ot N.Y.
Suoens, ot London,
ortb British, ot London.
Offlco on Market Street, Mo, s, Bloomsburg.
OOt. 14. 1"
Bloomsburg Fire andLifelns. Agency.
ESTABLISHED 1665.
HE. P. liUTZ
(Successor to Frcas Brown)
AQENTAND BROKER
CoxrANixs BirmsiNTiD:
Assets
$ U,52B,isH.7
Btna Flro Ins. Co., ot Hartford,. .
Ilarttord ojf Hartford
Phoenix or Ilarttord. i...
HDrtntrneld of Hnrlnrtlelit
178'40.1S
s.cwj.noa.wt
Fire Association, Philadelphia 4,812,78-iM
Guardian of London 20,tu.i,auri
FhconLc, oLLondon;..., e,924,MJ.18
Lancashire ot EngIand(U. 8. brunch) 1,611,110.00
Royal of England: 4,8S3.J4.00
Mutual Jsooeat Life Ins. Co. ot New.
ark, N.J, 41,3T9,CS9.33
Losses promptly adjusted and paid at this office.
IRE, INSURANCE
CHRISTIAN F. KNAPP, BLOOMSBDllQ.PA,
uujujc, ur n. z.
MERCHANTS1,! OF NEWARK, N. 3,
CLINTON, N.Y.
PEOPLES' N. Y.
READING, PA.
GERMAN AMERICAN INS. CO.,NEW YORK.
GREENWICH INS. CO., NEW YORK.
JERSEY CITY FJRK INS. CO., JERSEY
CITY, N.J.
Theso old ooaroBATioNS are well seasoned by
aira and viuk Turin and Yiuva tiavftr wnt. hart a
loss settled by any court ot law. Their assets are
all Invested In solid sbcdhitiii are liable to the
hazard ot firk only.
Losses 'ruoumr and bonistly adjusted and
ald as soon as determined by Cubistian r.
NATr,BriOIAL aqbntamd AdjcstbbBlooiisbcbo,
Pa. '
The people of Columbia county should patron.
Ize the agency where losses If any are settled and
noli hv nn rt thnu nmn (MAtn 1
PROMPTNESS. EVU1TY. FAIR DEALING.
n. house,
DENTIST,
Rt.qoMSBURa, Columbia County, Pa
all styles of work donem a superior manner.work
. in without Fain by the use ot Gas, and
tree Pt charge when artlflclalteeth '
arelnserted.
Ofllce In Barton's bulldlne. Main street.
below, Market,' live doors below Kleim'a
urug store, nrsi uoor.
7a be open at all houri during the dai
NOT IS ! J '
Exchange Hotel,
BENTON, PA.
The undersigned has leased this well-known
house, and Is prepared to accommodate the public
with all the conveniences of a flrst-ciasa hotel.
STroayMJ I IMUEL DRAKE, Proprietor.
HMj.Ump. HAKBn lmM.OO.BotfoIlolIio.N.Y:
'.u,. Ctrl iu, aiutQid ,.m
PERSIAN BLOOM, Sir. Otmtllo. Sm.
nov.ln.otcoly,
GET YOUR JOU PRINTING
DONE AT THE
COLUMBIAN. OFFICE
0. E. EtWELL,
iHIiwBH. 1 .
BITTBKBEHDBB, JeprIlori.
kl Pi&rn! M Price: !!
D S MDRJJS CO.,
HEADQUARTERS FOR
Sleiiiwsiy,
Solimcr,
Kranieli cllaeli
Fischer,
Emerson,
Pease
AND THE CELEBRATED
Wilcox & White Organs.
HTPlanos "uncd and Repaired by com-
Send for Catalogues.
21 WEST THIRD ST.,
Williamsport, Pa.
novlir-ly,
M. C. SLOAN & BRO:
BLOOMSBURG, PA
Manufacturers ot
CARRIAGES BUQQIES, PHAETONS
SLEIGHS, PLATFORM WAGONS' AC
Plrst-class work always on hand.
SEPAJSiifa NEA 1L Y DONE.
Price reduced to tuit the timer.
Business men who have tried It find It greatly
to their advantage to havo Account Books made
to order, to suit their special needs. Every kind
ut uiuujt uuok, TCua nr wuuoubpnmca ooaamgs.
Check Books and Ruled Blanks I moke In the best
m anner at honest prices. Unexcelled facilities tor
Numbering, Kylcling, Perforating, Punching and
stamping. Work for county and borongh offices
especially solicited. Miscellaneous Book Binding
ot the highest class. Missing magazines supplied.
Estimates and particulars cheerfully furnished.
J. W. RAEDER,
7 and 9 Market St.,
WILKES-BARRE.
seplt-lycfibro.
Spring Specliaties
AT
Iaght Colored
Cheviots
in
and 4-Button
CUTAWAY
SUITS,
WITH LOW CUT VESTS.
, Fine Dark Blue and Black
Worsteds, Corkscrew, . Broad
wale Diagonal and Block Worst
ed in Sacks and Cutaways, and
HANDSOME
a special leader
at , $5.0O
Vory Pretty Children's
SUIT.S...
Plain or pleated and belted in
dark, and light colors.
PRINCE ALBERTS
in, all qualities.
NICE LIGHT SPRING
Sailor Suits
with Blue and Gray, also,
KILT
SUITS
with Pleated Skirt for smaller
Children
AT
Ti T AYlTUXlHrjrsiV
INSURANCE AGENCY OF
J. II. MAIZE,
OlUco 2nd floor Columbian Building,
BLOOMSBURG, PA.
LIFE.
Northwestern Masonlo Aid lAssoclatlon, mem.
u.'ral,Jli paiaioiK'nenciariegvni,o.ii, m
suresnon Masons.
Travelers Life and Accident ot Ilarttord.
FIRE.
roNTIWTTOTALOf NOW York. f5.S38.0St.9a
AMEUIOANot Philadelphia, $3,30l,tO7.68
NIAUAHA Of New York. .VJ60,)7)l.b
Liverpool, London and alone Plro Insurance Co.,
of London, the lamest la Ue world, and the Im.
perlal or London. , i
A liberal share ot tho business Is respectfully
SACK
OVERCOATS.
AJU II XJXJJXJLVA Kl
souciivu mnu satisiaciiou guortuivwu
j, n, mAize, Agent.
lunei, im, it.
lie
BLOOMSBURG, PA., FRIDAY, AUGUST 31,
CROWHT ACUIJE
THE BEST BURNING OIL THAT CAN
BE MADE FROM PETROLEUM.
It gives a brilliant light.
It will not smoka t nu chimneys.
It will not char lUo wick.
It has a high Are test.
It will not explode.
It Is pre-eminently a family Batety OIL
WE CHALLENGE COMPAEISON
With any other Illuminating oil mado.
We Stake Our Reputation,
As refiners, upon tho statement that It Is
THE BEST OIL
IN THE WORLD.
ABk your dealer for
CROWN ACME.
Trado for Bloomsburg and Vicinity .supplied by
MOYER BROS., .
Bloomsburg, Pa.
sepwy.
CLOTHING! CLOTHING I
Gm w. bertsgh,
THE MERCHANT TAILOR.
Gonts' Furnishing Boods,Bats & Gaps
OP EVERY DESCRIPTION.
Suits made to ordpr at short notioo
and a fit a wnjB. guaranteed or no sale.
Call and, examine tho largest and beat
selector stock ol goods over shown in
Columbia county.
ptoro next door to First National Bank,
MAIN STREET,
Bloomsburg Pa.
This Institution Is n. hlcrh crrnrfn TtntlnpoQ rnl
lese,. elvvaa Instruction In every department ot
ousiness caucation. in addition to the regular
business courso It makes a specialty of pfiono-
urapliy, Typo-wrltiDe. TelCKraphy. and Ornamen
tal Penmanship. The prominent feature of the
Commercial Courso Is Its practical character.
Nearlv every set of books has been taken from
nrst-ciass Duamess estamisnmcnts, and a large
proportion of tho courso In book-kcenln? Is made
up from our system ot nctual business practice,
unsurpassea in me scientino application to mod
ern business methods. A lareer nronortlon of nur
graduates regularly obtain nrst-class positions
tutui iruiu uny uiner commercial' eouege in me
state. Year begins Aug. 2, lesw. For circulars
address W. L. DKAN, PrlncipaL
July 87 6t Kingston, Pa.
to roi.Liini: or cotricwcc,
lIulliLlo.N.V.nr(:lurkNllulncf
CuIIfKr. line, I'n., for or
culflrw. ThetoBt andchonpost
Ei'ii'n is in winerica. aciu.i
bufllnesa Interchance. ScltoUr-
lima unihl In ftitnnp l.illnn.
Cruluuie4 asBlntmt to pm,iMnnfl. Mention this paiier.
aug3-d-4t.
flTTVft? iti!Voi,vuil. send stamp for price list
i JOUNSTON SON, Pittsburg, Penn.
aug 3l-d-it.
Hay Fever CatairrH
is an inflamed condt
tlon of the lining menu
orane or me ncwriw.
tear-duct and throat
The acrid discharge tt
aooomininied with a
burning sensation,
sixisms of sneezing.
Tiere are bp v tire.
frequent attacks q
neadache, watery ana
iHflamen eyes,
Try tlic Cure :
ELY'S
HAY-EEVER
Anartlole Is applied into each nostril and Is
agreeauie. rnco ou uuniu ui. iukkisv , vy uitui,
registered. CO cts. ELY BltOTHEItS. 66 Warren
Street, New York. aug 31-d-4t.
J.R. SMITH & CO.
LIMITED.
MILTON, Pa.
DSALRRS IN
PIANOS,
By tho following well known makers;
Cliickcriujf,
Kna&c,
"Weber,
Hallet & Davis.
Can also furnish any of the
cheaper makes at manufacturers
prices. JJo not buy a piano be
tore getting our prices.
n
Catalogue and Price Lists
Ou opplication.
septa-sotf.
YAINWIUQUT & CO.,
WHOLESALE GROCERS,
Philadelphia Pa.
TKAS, SYRUPS, COFFEE, SUGAR, MOLASSES!
t
ItlOE, SPIOEB, niOAltll SODA, ST0., ET0.
N. B. corner second and Arch fits.
a"Orders will receive prompt attention.
MARVELOUS
MEMORY
DISCOVERY.
Any book learned In one reading,
Mind wanderlDg cured.
Sseaklng without notes.
Wholly unlike urtinclal systems.
Piracy condemned by supremo Court.
Great Inducements to correspondence classes.
ifnsnAitiiR. with opinions of Pr. Wm. A. Ham
mond, the world-tamed Specialist In Mind dis
eases, Daniel Ureenloat Thompson, the great Psy
chologist, and others, sent post f rco by
IToL A. LOISETTE, 837 Fifth Ave., New York.
all dit
cMrtft U Mrtn-A- MONTH can be made
rSllllJ TO 2)J3UU worklnir for us. Agentanro-
furri ho can turnlsh their ona horses aid give
ibslr wk tie time to the business. Soaro momenta
im. u. e, joumsoh & CO.
va. junoit-r-ti.
rrcsldent's Message,
THE FUt.t. TEXT OV AN IMPORTANT MES
SAGE ON TIIK CANADIAN QUESTION.
Washington, Aucust 23. Tho
President sent the following messago
to tho Congress this afternoon:
ro the uoNonr.ss: A lio rojootion
by thoSonato of tho treaty lately nego
tiated for tho BOlllomcnt and adjust
ment of tho differences existing bo-
twecntho United States and Great
Britain concerning tho rights and pri
vileges of the American fisherman in
the ports and waters ot Jsntisn rsortli
America, scorns to justify a survpy of
tho condition to which tho pending
question is thus remitted.
Tho treaty upon this subject, con
cluded In 1818, through disagree
ments jib to tho meaning of its terms,
has been a fruitful source of irritation
nnd trouble. Our citizcnR engaged in
fishing enterprises in waters adjacent
to Canada havo been subjected to nu
merous voxation?, interferences and
annoyances, their vessels havo been
seized upon pretexts which appear to
bo entirely inndinissiblo and they havo
been othorwiso treated bv tho Cana
dian authorities and oflicials in a man
ner inoxotisablo and oppressive.
THIS CONDUCT JUSTIFIED.
This conduct ha s becu justified by
Great Britain and Cauada by the
olaim that tho treaty ot 1818 porraittod
it and upon tho ground that it was
necessary to tho proper proteotion of
Canadian interests. Wo deny that
treaty agreements justify theso acts
and wo furthur maintain that, aside
from any treaty restraints of disputed
interpretation, tho rolativo positions of
tho United States and Canada as near
neighbors, tho growing of our joint
commerce, tho deyelopment and pros
perity of both countries, which arnica
bio relations suroly guarantee, and,
abovo all, tho liberality always extend
ed by tho Unitod States to the peoplo
of Canada, iurnished motives for kind
ness and consideration higher and bet
ter than treaty covenants.
While keenly sensitive to all that
was exasperating in the condition aud
by no means indisposed to support the
just complaints of our injured citizons,
I still deem it my duty for tho preser
vation of important American inter
ests which wero directly involvod in
view of all tho details of tho situation,
to attempt by negotiation to remedy
existinc w rones and to finally torml-
nato by a fair and just treaty these
o crreourring causes of difficulty.
THE REJECTED TRUATY WAS JUST.
I fullv believe that tho treaty just
rejected by tho Senato was well suited
to the exigency and that its provisions
wero adequate for our seourity in tho
future from vexatious incidents aud for
tho promotion of friendly neighbor
hood and intimacy, without saenhc-
ing in( tho least our national pride or
dignity.
I am quite conscious that neither my
opinion of tho value of the rejected
treaty nor tho motives which prompted
its negotiation are of importance in the
light ot judgment ot tuo oenate tnero
unon. But it is of importance to note
that this 'treaty has been rrjectcd with
out any apparent disposition on tho
part of the Senato to alter or amend its
provisions and with the evident inten
tion not wanting expression that uo
negotiation should at present be con
cluded touching tho matter at issue.
Tho co-operation necessary tor tho
adjustment of tho lone-standing i.a
tioual differences with which wo havo
to deal, by methods of conference and
agreement, having thus been declined,
1 am bv no means disposed to aoanuon
the interests and tho debts of our
people in the prcmites or to neglect
their criovances, aud I thereforo turn
to tho contemplation ot a plan ot ro
talintion as a mole, which still ro
mains, of treating tho situation,
I am not unmindful of tho gravity
of tho responsibility assumed in adopt
ing this lino of conduct, nor do I fail
iu tho least to
appreciate its serious
consequeuoes. It will uo impossibio
to injure our Canadian neighbors by
retaliatory measure i without indicting
somo damago upon our own citizens.
This results from our proximity, our
community of interests, and tho inevit
able commingling of tho business en
terprUes, which havo been developed
by mutual activity.
THE POLICY OF RETALIATION.
Plainly stated, tho policy of national
retaliation manifestly embraces the in-
lliction of tho greatest harm upon
those who havo injured us, with tho
least possiblo damago to ourselves,
Thero is also an ovident propriety as
well as nn invitation to moral support
found in visiting upon tho offending
party tho samo tneasuro or kind of
treatment of which wo complain, and
as fer as possiblo within the samo lines
And abovo all things tho plan of re
taliation, if entored upoi, should bo
thorough and vigorous.
These considerations led mo at this
timo to invoko tho aid and counsel of
tho Congress and its support in suoh a
further grant of power as soems to mo
necessary and dcsiramo to rendor ouco
tivo tho polioy I havo indicated.
Tho Uontrress has already passed a
law, which received Exeoutive assent
on tho third day ot March, 1887, pro
viding that iu caso American fishing
vessels being or visiting in tho waters,
or at any of tho ports of tho British
dominions of North America, should
he, or lately had been, deprived of tho
rights to whloh thoy wero ontitlod by
treaty or law, or if they wore denied
certain othor privileges therein speci
fied, or vexed and harrassed in tho cn-
joymont of tho same, tho President
uugllb uuuy iu vubhuib mm iuvu mus
ters and orows of tho British domin
ion of North America any entrance
into tho waters, ports or harbors of tho
United States, and also deny entry
into any port or place of tho United
States of any prod not of said domin
ion to tho United States.
Whilo I shall not hesitate, upon
propep occasion, to onforco this act, it
would soem to bo unnecessary to sug
gest that, if suoh onforooment is limi
ted in such a manner as shall result in
the least possiblo injury to our own
people, tbo effect would probably bo
entirely inadequate to the accomplish
ment of the purposo desired.
PltEPAUINO TO RETALIATE.
I doom it my duty, therofore, to call
tho attention of the Congress to cer
tain particulars In tho action of tho
authorities ot tho uomimon 01 uan
ada, in addition to the General allcua
lions already made, which appear to bo
in such m ark oil ooutrast to tho liberal
and friendly disposition of our country
as in my opinion to call for suoh legis
lation as will, upon tho principles al
ready stated, properly supplement tuo
power to inaugurate rotahatlon already
vested in tho Jixecutivo.
Actuated by tho sonorous and neigh
borly spirit which has characterized
our legislation, our tariff laws have
sinco 1850 been so lar waived In lavor
of Canada as to allow frca of duty tbo
transit across tho territory of tho Uni
ted States of propci ty arriving at our
ports and dcB'incd to Canada, or ex
ported from Canada to other foreign
countrios. When tho treaty of Wash
ington was negotiated in 1871 between
tho United States and Ureal liritam,
having for its object very largoly tho
modification of tho treaty of 1818, the
privileges abovo referred to were mado
reoiprooal and givon in return by
Canada and the Unitod States in tho
following language, contained iu tho
twenty-ninth articlo of said treaty :
"It is agreed that, for tho t$rra of
years mentioned in articlo thirty-threo
of this treaty, goods, wares, or mer
chandise arriving at tho ports of Now
York, isoston and 1 ortland, and any
other ports in tho United States which
havo been or may from time to timo
bo specially designated by tho Presi
dent of tho United States, and destin
ed for her Britannio Majesty's possess
ions in North America may bo entered
at tho propor Custom Houso and con
voyed in transit, without tho payment
of duties, through tho territory of tho
United States, under suoh rules, regu
lations and conditions for tho protec
tion ot tho rovenuo as tho government
of the United States may from timo to
timo prescribe, and under like rulos,
regulations nnd conditions good?, wares
or merchandise may be conveyed in
transit without the payment of duties
from such possession through tho ter
ritory of tho United States for export
from tho said ports of tho United
States.
'It is further agreed that, for tho
liko period, goods, wares or merchan
dise, arriving at any of tho ports of her
liritanmo Majesty s possession in
North America, and destined for the
United Statos, may bo entered at tbo
proper custom houso and conveyed iu
transit, without the payment of duties,
through tho said possessions under
such rules and regulations and condi
lions lor tho protection ot -tho rovonue
as tho governments of the said possess
ions may from timo to timo prescribe,
aud, under liko rules and regulations
and conditions, goods, wares or mer
chandise may be conveyed in transit
without payment ot duties, irotn tho
United States through tho said possess
ions to other places in tho United
States, or for export from ports in tho
said possessions.''
BTOPl'INO F1SII SHIPMENTS.
In tho year 188G notioo was received
by tho representatives of our Govern
ment that our fishermen would no lon
ger bo allowed to ship their fish in
bond and free of duty through Cana
dian territory to this country, and over
sinco that time such shipment has been
denied.
Tho privilege of Buch shipment
which has been extended to our fisher
men was a most impoitaut one, allow
ing them to spend tho timo upon tho
fishing grounds which would other
wise be devoted to a voyage homo
with their catch, and doubling their
opportunities for profitably prosecuting
their vooation. In forbidding tho
transit ot tho eatoh of our' fishermen
over their territory in bond and free of
duty, tho Canadian authorities do
prived us of tho only facility depend
ent upon their concession, and for
which wo could supply no substitute
Tho value to tho Dominion of Can
ada of tho privilege of transit for their
oxports and imports across our terri
tory, and to and from our ports,though
great in every respect, will bo better
appreciated when it is remombered
that, for a considerable portion of each
yo.ir, tho St. Lawrence river, which
constitutes the direct avenuo of foreign
commerco leading to Canada, is closod
by ico.
During tho last six years the imports
and exports ot lintish uauadian pro
vinces carried across our territory un
der tho privileges granted by our laws,
amounted in valuo to about two hun
dred and soventy millions of dollars,
nearly all of which aro goods dutiablo
under our tariff laws, by far tho larger
part of this tratuo consisting ot ex
olianges of goods between Great. Brit-
am aud her American provinces
brought to and carried from our ports
in their own vessels. Tho treaty stipu
lation entered into by our government
was in harmony with laws which wero
then on our statute book and aro still
in force.
IMMEDIATE LEGISLATION ASKED,
I recommend immediate logislativo
action conferring upon tho Executivo
tho power to suspend by proclamation
tbo oporation of all laws and regula
tions permitting tho transit of goods,
wares and merchandise in bond across
or over tho territory of tho Uuited
Statos to or from Canada. Thero need
bo no hesitation iu suspending theso
laws arising from tho supposition that
thoir continuation is secured by treaty
obligations, for it seems quito plain
thnt article 2U ot tho troaty ol 1871
which was tho only article incorporat
ing such laws, terminated tho first day
of July, 1885.
Tho articlo itself declares that its
provisions shall bo in force "for tho
term of years mentioned in articlo S3
of this troaty."
Turning to articlo aa wo hnd no
montion of tho 20th article, but only a
provision that articlo 18 to 25 inclus
ive, and articlo 30 shall tako effcot as
soon as tbo laws required to carry them
Into operation shall bo passed by tbo
legislative bodies of tho different ooun
tries conocrned, and "that thev shall
remain in forco for tho period of ten
years from the date at which thoy may
com? into operation, and further, until
tho expiration ot two years after ollher
of tho high contracting patties shall
havo given notice to tho other of its
wish to terminate tho samo."
I am of opinion that tho "term of
years mentioned in article thirty-three,''
referred to in artlolo twonty-nino as tho
limit to us duration, meaDs tho period
during wlnoh articles eighteen to
twenty-fivo inclusive and articlo thirty,
commonly called tho "fishery articles,''
should continuo in force under tho lan
guago of said artiolo thirty-three.
That the Joint High Commisslouors
who negotiated the treaty so under
stood and intended the phroso is cer
tain, lor in a statement containing an
1888.
account of thoir negotiation's, prepared
tinder their supervision and approved
by thorn, wo find tho following entry
on tho subject. "Tho transit question
was disciiHscd, and it was agreed that
any settlement that might bo mado
should incltido a reciprocal arrange
ment in that respect for tho' period for
which tho fishery articles should bo in
force."
In addition to this vory satisfactory
ovidenco supporting this construction
of tho languago of articlo twonty-nino
it will bo found thnt tbo law passed by
Cougress to carry tho treat into offect
furnishes conclusive proof of tho cor
rectness of such construction.
THE law of 1873.
This law was passed March 1, 1873,
and it is entitled ',An act to cany in
to effect tho provisions of tho treaty
between tho Uuited Statos nnd Gtoat
Britain, signed in tbo city of Washing
ton tho 8th. day of May, 1871, relating
to tho fisheries." After providing in j
its first and second sections for put-!
ting in operation articles eighteen to
twenty-fivo inclusive, and articlo
thirty of tho treaty, tho third sootion is
dovoted to articlo twenty-five, as fol
lows: "Sec. 3. That from tho date of tho
President's proclamation authorized by
tho first section of this act, and so long
as tho articles eighteenth to twenty
fifth, inclusive, and article thirtieth of
said treaty, shall remain in forco ac
cording to the terms and condition of
artiolo thirty-third of said treaty, all
goods, wares and merchandise arriv
ing, etc, etc"
Following in tho romainder of tho
section tho preciso words of tho stipu
lation on tho part of tho United Statos
as contained in articlo twenty-nine,
which I havo already quoted.
Here, then, is a distinct enactment
of tho Congress limiting tho duration
of this article of tho treaty to tho timn
that articles eighteen to twenty-five, in
clusive, and articlo thirty, should con
tinuo in forco. That in fixing such
limitation it but gavo tho moaning of
tho treaty itself, is indicated by tho
fact that its purposo is declared to bo
to carry into effect tho provisions of
thu treaty, and by tho further fact that
its purposo is declared to bo to carry
into effect tho provisions of tho treaty,
aud by tho further fact that this law
appears to havo been submitted beforo
the promulgation of tho treaty to cer
tain members of tho Joint High Com
mission representing both countries,
and mot with no objection or dnsont.
Thero appearing to bo no conflict or
inconsistency between tho treaty and
I the act of tho Congress last cited, it is
" . ; . li ...i,i
uui necessary 10 lnvoitu uiu wcu-Buiueu
principle that in case of such conflict
tho statute governs tho question.
SECTION TWUNTV-NINE TERMINATED.
In any evont and whether the law
of 1873 construes tho treaty or governs
it, section 2U ot such treaty, 1 have no
doubt, terminated witli the proceedings
taken by our government to tormmato
articles 18 to 25 inclusive, and articlo
30 of tho troaty. Theso proceedings
had their inception in a loint resolution
of Congress passed May 3, 1873 de
claring that in tho judgment of Con
gress, theso articles ought to bo termi
nated, and directing tho President to
give tho notice to the government of
Great Britain provided for in articlo
33 of tho treaty. Such notice having
been given ton years prior to tho first
day of July, 1S85, tho articles mention
ed wero absolutely terminated on tho
last named, day, and with them articlo
29 was also terminated.
If by any languago used in tho joint
resolution it was intended toroliovo
section three of tho act of 1873, em
bodying (.rticlo twonty-nino of tho
treaty, from its own limitations, or to
savo tho article itselt, 1 am entirely sat
isfied thattho intention miscarried.
But statutes granting to tho people
of Canada tho valuable privileges of
transit for their goods irom our ports
and over our Boil, which havo boo n
passed prior to tho making of tho
troaty of 1871 aud independently of
it, remained in force, and ever Binco
tho abrogation of tho treaty, notwith
standing the refusal of Canada to per
mit our hsbcrman to send their hsu to
their homo market through their ter
ritory in bond, tho peoplo of that
Dominion hav enjoyed without dimi-
nu tion tho advantages ot our liberal
and generous laws.
Without basiug our complaint upon
a violation of treaty obligations, it is,
nevertheless, truo that such refusal of
transit and tho other injurious acts
which have been recited constitute a
provoking insistence upon rights
neither mitigated by tho amenities of
national intercourse nor modified by
tho recognition ot our liberality and
generous considerations.
Canada's unneighuorly conduct,
Tho history of tho events connected
with this subject makes it manifest
that tho Canadian Government can, if
so dlspo-ed, administer its laws and
protect tho interests ot its peoplo with
out manifestation of unfriendliness, and
without tho unncighborly treatment of
our fishing vessels of which wo havo
justly complained, and whatovcr
dono on our part should bo done
in tho hopo that tho disposition
oi tuo uanaiuau woyornmout may re
move the occasion of a resort to tho
executive powor now sought through
legisiauvo action.
1 am satishod that upon tbo princi
pies which should govern retaliation
our intercourse and relations with the
Dominion of Cauada furnish no bettor
opportunity for its application than is
suggested by tho conditions herein
presented, and that it' could not bo
moro effectively inaugurated than un
uer tuo powor ot suspension recom-
monuca.
Whilo I Havo expressed my dear
conviotion upon tho question of tho
continuance of section 29 of tho treaty
of 1871, I of courso fully concedo tho
power and the duty ot tho Congress, in
contemplating legislative notion to
construo tbo terms of any treaty stipu
lation which might, upon any possiblo
consideration of good faith, limit such
ootion t and hkowiso tho neouliar pro
priety in tho caso hero preseutod of its
interpretation of its own languago ns
contained in ho laws of 1873 putting
in operation said troaty, and ot 1883
directing tho termination thereof ; and
it iu the deliberate judgment of Con
cress any restraint to tho propo6od
legislation exists, it is to bo hoped that
tho expcdiciipy of its early removal
win uu rucuguizcu.
NAVIGATION OF TUB LAKES.
I deslro also to call tho attention of
THE COLUMBIAN, V01
COLUMBIA DEMOCRAT, V0I
, XXII.N0 34
Lll, NOW
Congress to another subject, involving
such wrongs and unfair treatment to
our citizens- ns in my opinion require
prompt action.
Tho navigation of tho great lakes,
nnd tho immenso business and carrying
trado growing out of tho same, havo
been treated broadly nnd liberally by
tho United States Government nnd
mado freo t't all mankind, whilo Cana
dian railroads and navlgation'compaulen
sbaro in our transportation upon terms
favorablo as aro ncoorded to our
own citizons.
Tho canals and other publlo works
built and maintained by tho govern
ment along tho lino of tho lakes are
mado freo to all.
In contrast to this condition, and
ovlncing a narrow and ungenerous com
mercial spirit, ovory lock and canai
which is a public work of tho Dominion
of Canada is subject to tolls aud
oharges.
By articlo twenty-seven of the treaty
of 1871, provision wns mado to secure
to tho citizens of tho Unitod Statos tho
uso of tho Wclland, St. Lawrence, and
othor canals in tho Dominion of Canada
on terms of equality with tho inhabi
tants of tho Dominion, and to also
Becuro to tho subjects of Groat Britain
tho use of tho Sl.i Clair Flats Canal on
terms of equality with the inhabitants
of the United States.
DISCRIMINATION IN TOLL PAYMENTS.
The equality with tho inhabitants df
tho Dominion which wo woro promised
in tho use of the canals of Cacada did
not securo to us freedom from tolls in
their navigation, but wd had a right
to expeot that wc, Doing Americans
and interested in American commerce,
would bo no moro burdened in regard
to the samo than Canadians ongaged
their own trade : and tho wholo
spirit of concession made was, or should
havo been, that merchandise and prop
erty transported to an Amorican mar
ket, through theso canals -should not bo
enhanced in its cost by tolls many
tim'.'s higher than suoh as wero carried
to an adjoining Canadian market. All
our citizens, producers and consumers,
as well as vessel-owners, woro to enjoy
tho equality promised. And yet ovi
denco has for Borao timo been beforo
tho Congress, furnished by tho Secre
tary of tho Treasury, showing that
while tho tolls charged in the first in
stance aro tho same to all, such vessels
and cargoes as aro destined to certain
Canadian ports aro allowed a rofund
of nearly tbo entiro tolls, whilo those
bound for Amorican ports are not al
lowed any snch advantage. To
promise equality, and then in practico
make it conditional upon our vessels
doing Canadian business instead of
their own, is to fulfil a prcmieo with
tho shadow of performance.
i recommend that such legislative
action bo taken as will givo Canadian
vessels navigating our canals, and thoir
oargoes, precisely tho advantages
granted to our vessels and cargoes up
on Canadian canals, nnd that the samo
bo moasured by exactly tho samo
rale of discrimination.
THE COUNTRY'S HONOR AND DIGNITY.
Tho courso which I have outlined
:d the recommendations madu relate
to tho honor and dignity of our country
and the protection and preservation of
tho rights and inter jtts of all our peo
plo. A government does but half its
duty when it protects its citizens at
homo and permits them to ho imposed
upon and humiliated by tho unfair and
overrcaohing dispositions of other
nations. If wo invito our peoplo to
rely upon arrangements made for their
benctit abroad wo should seo to it that
thoy aro not deceived : and if we aro
generous and liberal to a neighboring
country our peoplo should reap tho ad
vantage of it by a return of liborauty
and generosity.
Theso aro subiccts which partisan
ship should not disturb or confuse.
Let us survey tho ground calmly and
moderately, and having put aswo other
means of settlement, if wo enter upon
tno policy ot retaliation let us puisuo
it lirmly, with a determination only to
subsorvo tho interests of our people
and maintain tho high standard aud
the becoming prido of American citizen
ship. Urover Cleveland,
Executive Mansion, August 23, 1888,
OIROUMBTAHTIAL EVIDENCE.
In my profession as a detcctivo
nave oiten been asKcii it l bcucvod in
tho virtue of circumstantial ovidenco.
In every instaneo I havo replied in the
aflirraativo. Whilo tho profession
may mako a man hard-hearted and
anxious to convict, it is nevertheless
certain fact that a completo chain of
circumstantial ovidenco agaimt
criminal will settle his caso sooner
than half a dozen rcspectablo witnesses.
Lawyers can browbeat and confuso
witnesses, and tuo veracity of a witness
can bo slurred or impeached, but when
you strike against a circumstaneo it is
not so easy to step over it or explain it
awoy.
Many years ago, when I was
young man ot eighteen, 1 ran away
irom my unoie, to wnom 1 was appren
ticed. Ho had a farm near Liverpool;
Medina county, Uluo, and bo was
man who had not one jot ot pity for
or moroy on mau or animal. His wifo
lived in mortal fear of him, and a look
from him would mako his children
tremble. Our family liyod a hundred
miles away, and wo Know little or
nothing ot UncloJaUcz. Uo tamo on
on a visit, seemed to tako a liking to
me, and ho gavo ray father ono bun
dred dollnts to apprentice mo for thrco
years. 1 liked farm work, and as Uncle
Jabez was on his good behavior while
visiting us, I was by no means oppo
cd to tho arrangement. No sooner had
1 iT I .1 11
wo arrived m, ins nomo man nu neenmu
a tyrant and slave driver. I wss over
worked, half-fed, scolded and inal
treated, and ono night after a promifo
r ii i i:..i-:.. .." !., n. : t
Ul 11 JUUU I1UIII! 111 UIU lUUIUlllg?, A
tied up a low personal effects and
dropped from chamber window and set
out for (Jlovelaiul. unclo Jabcz was
man who would demand his pound i
flesh and moro. If I returned homo ho
would follow on and mako me a can
live. As soon as ho mUsod mo ho would
raise a crcat huo and orv over tho coun
try, and I felt that my only safo courso
was to reaoh somo largo oity and lose
myself in tho mass.
Tho fnrm was twrnty.fivo miles
from Clevelaud. I could have walked
tho distance in soven hours, as it was
cool autumn ulght and tho roads were
good, but for tho first ten miles I did
not dato uso tho highway. Teams
were coming and going, aud farmers
moving about, and I wanted to oovor
mytrnoks irom uncio ,iaue.. wuti
tho difficulties in my path I did not on
ter Clovelnnd until b-jut nino o'clock
noxt morning. 1 had not yet reached
tho business portion nnd I wai walking
in tho mlddlo of tho street, country
fashion, when I mado a rich find. In
tho dust lay thrco diamond rings, two
ladles' watches and several charms for
lockets. They wero scattered about as
If they had fallen from somo vchiclo
pasdng over thn road. I picked them(
up, of coin so, nnd there being ro ono
near mo I continued my way. I had
never found anything of valuo bo fore,
and I did not know exactly how to
proceed. I know of courso, that I had
no right to tho property, nor did I
havo tho remotest intention of conven
ing it to my uso. Tho trouble was that
I did not know exactly what courso to
lake, being but a young, green boy.
At homo I would havo gono to my
father or a neighbor, but under, tho
Fresont oiroumslnnces I was puzzled,
had heard of policemen, but never
saw one. I finally mado up my mind
to accost the first ono I met and ask
him what to do.
About four squares beyond where I
had found tho jewelry I stopped at a
German grocery to ask tor a drink of
water. Thero was a boy about four
teen years old in tho storo and ho told
mo to go around tho side way to a pon
Block. I was drinking, when a dog
rushed at mo and was so determined to
bile me that 1 had to kcop him off with
my feet. Tho German and his wile
rushed out nnd attacked mo and as I
got out of tho gato a policeman camo
up and seized me. Tho officer asked
who I wa, where 1 came from, nnd
whero I was going. If I had returned
him prompt answers bo might havo let
mo go, but 1 did not daro tell him I
was a runaway for fear he would re
turn mo to Unolo Jabez. I therefor
refused to answer him, and ho natural
ly ooncluded that I was n suspicious
character, and took mc to tho station.
As I was registered thoy searched me,
and when the jewelry camo, to light
thero was groat astonishment and ro
joicing, and tho ch rgo of grand lar
ceny was at onco entered against me.
On tho night previous a jewelry storo
was robbed of a largo amount of jew
elry, and tho robbers had got away,
leaving no clow for tho dete'ct.ycs.
This was some of tho plunder. I told
them whero I found it, but as I would
not tell them who I was, or anything
about myself, my find was declared loo
thin. Under tho samo circumstances
to-day I would do just as tho officers
did then., Thoy regarded my greenness
as assumed for the occasion, and tho
newspapers put mo down as ono of tho
sharpest and shrewdest thioves in tho
country. Every inducement was held
out to mo to givo way my confeder
ates, who wero supposed to bo older
men nnd tougher characters, and my
inability to do it was laid to shrewd
ness and nervo. Tho only lamo point
with tho detectives was that I was on
my w"ay into tho city when captured,
and that I was showing mysolf openly
and boldly. It was hard to believe
that a robber would hang about town
with his pockets full of plunder, but
they got over this by saying it was a
shrewd move on mv part to throw
them off tho scent.
Had I acknowledaed mv identity.
Uncle Jabez would havo como on to
defend and clear me, but would havo
also taken mo back and thrashed mo
within an inch of my life. I dreaded
him moro than State prison, and, there
fore, when tho trial camo on I had
nothing to say, and wa3 sentenced to
State prison for three years. I was
glad of it, I would bo of ago when I
camo out, and as no ono would hoar
of mo in tho interval, I vcould havo
nothing to fear from my tyrant of an
unclo.
Tho fact that I had served only four
months of my sontenco was duo to tho
tlorts ot an old dctectivo in another
caso. 1 had lorgotten to tell you that
tho jewolor and two of tho clerks had
"fully identified" mo as "a porson who
had been in tho storo several times
just provious to tho robbery." Tho
proprietor sworo that he sold mo a ring
for two dollars, aud ono of tho clerks
testified on tbo stand that I stood for
balf an hour and bartered with him
about a silver watch.
"Then you positively swear he is tho
person?" asked my . counsel in each
case.
"I do,'' was the decided answer.
I could have shown that I was twen
ty-fivo miles away at tho time, and
that I had never stopped foot in Cleve
land beforo tho morning of ray arrest,
but, for reasonH which I havo stated, I
went oil to prison with a comparative
ly light heart, knowiug my own inno
cence 1 had been a convict lor four
months when, ono day, I was called in
to the wardens ollicc. Thero wero
several gentlemen present, among
them I n cognized tho Cuyahoga
county prosecuting attorney and two
Cleveland detectives. The prosecutor
began by dcolaricg that I was an in
nocent man, and thou as,ked lor my
story. Under promises that they
would not betray mo I gavo it to them.
It seems that tho detective, in working
up another case, hid laiien upon tho
jewelry robbers and secured most of
tho plunder. Thero wcto threo of
them, nil old hands, aud tho stuff I
found had been lost by them as thoy
drovo out of tbo city. Robbers though
they were, they did mo a good turn by
denyiii2 that I had any hand in tho
auair. imioeii, shut tno caso was
open, tho detectives saw that a blunder
had been mado in arresting inc. Tho
gentlemen had como with a pardon
from tho Governor aud I returned to
Cleveland with them on tho promise of
employment. To test tho value of tho
people at tho jewelry storo as witnesses
tho detcotivo took mo iu thero aud ask
ed if they had over seen mo before.
Four months could not havo changed
rao much, and yet thoso who had
sworn so boldly against mo on tho
stand now denied over having seen mo
boforo.
I havo been a detective for years.
but that circumstaneo has been upper
most in my mind when I had a caso
whero tho identity of a prisoner wa3 to
bo sworn to. I havo always cautioned
my witnesses not to testify unloss sat
isfied boyond all doubt. " My caution
has sovcral times operated to let a man
escape tho clutches of tho law, but that
was better than to swear nn innocent
man's hfo or liberty away."
Loo Oauins can hardly
bo considered handsomo or
elegant, but they wero fit
habitations for tho lugged
pioneers ot America. Uur
ancestors wero rugged
sneoiracus of noble man
OLD
hood, complete in health, strength and
endurance. Their wholesome remedies
aro reproduced to this later age, in
Warner's Log Cabin Sarsaparilln and
Wornor's "Tippecanoe."
Saratoga Belle You would scarce
ly believe it, Mr. Oldboy, but tho lady
seated near tho open window has over
200 dresses.
Mr. Oldboy Is it possible? Why
doesu't Bho put ono of 'em ouV'Mici
M1 ATctf.
i