-RATES OF ADVERTISING,
ia l-onusiiKi) Evr.itv puiday mokninu
ik Tim ooLUMntAR nrjtr.mria hkautiik
ooui;t house, ntooMsnuim, ta nr
HENRY L DIEFFENBACH,
hditoh AMD rnorittETon,
Terac-Two. Eelhri a 7ar tiy&Mo In adT≠.
$2 50 11 sot raid till end cf year. $3 00 It
lenger creilt to glvon.
job rnniTiNO
Ofalldescrlpllonsoxecnteil wllti nf"" aDl1
dispatch lit reasonablo rates.
M-ACI!. 1. f.,.
S. 6ii, lr.
'I'HS. t'm iiw
B.00 lJ.Hr) u'od
1 ,00 17,01 si.ro
i(.oo a,m m,no
?!', "w .
o,oo 00,00 lno,(lo
nt proportionate)
iw MS !.'
l"tor colu"mu:'.','...'lo'oo isloi
Ono column.!!) naio
a- Longer A(1vcrtlnmentn
rates.
An.iT.;... "a '""""iisirAior's Notice. Mm
Auditor's or Assignee's Notice, 2n. ' "m
ueviees, ten cents a line.
fril t .1.- ....---
VOLUMEV.---NO.G0.
BLOOMSBURG, PA., FRIDAY, DECEMBER lo, 1871.
COL. DEM. - VOL. XXXV NO. 43.
Columbia County-Official Directory.
criilenl Jmloe WILLIAM KI.WII.L.
ju,y-lnAM mini, Isaac B. More
"v'f.WMionri,rfc-ntJrK)M-ii II. IttNor.sn.
VoWfrTr'rwilfr-Wii.t.tAMaoiilI.JAConT.
DUMrt Allomry-y- IKKLEIt.
CfHr-AAHON KHIT1I.
M(ne)or ISAAO Drwitt.
Ttratvw DAVin LowsNnrna.
CMiimfMfetifri William O. QUICK, CVBCS
IIoiiiiisk, llniAJi .1. llrrnpn.
IXmnUtlimm' Usrl. WILLIAM KllICKHAUM,
Awllort-V. J. CAMfllKLL, A. J. AL1IE11TS0K
HAM El, I. IMC
(rji-onrr Jolin I). HoccK.
iirjCemmljjfoncri Isaac lIcllmDE, Jons lio
Ana 1 1,.
Counnv t.cr(iftmliil CiiAnt.rs O. II A nK ley
JMtm l't MirM-Dtreelors, H. II, M EH
WllllAJl KliAMfli, lllooinilmre, nml Joimsoll
Ike I Mi, On enwooil, Chaiii.js Conneh, Kco'y.
Blocmsburg Official Directory.
Jltuvulura Jlanlirff Or. John A. rt'NSTON
PrisMem, II, II, 0110-17, Castiler.
r Kahonnl Jlnvl-CllAS. It, I'AXTOK.l'rcs't ,
J. I', Tt'STIN, t'nflilcr.
CXtlMiiMaaivvtiMuttiatGminirFimdfirnlIjxtnAt'
i(irtn6n-i:. II. Little, rrro?!., c. W. Mii.i.eii,
JtUtmtlura Xvlltllnq anil JSavinff JVnrl Aiiorin
Hen John Thomas. rris'l., J, It. ltoiusoN, Hec,
Jllutvuhxtrfl Mutual AVmn7 Jmtl AiuocUitlim
J, J. llltowm, President!, WlllTMoYKn,Hea'y,
Bloomoburg Directory.
1) AI'Llt I1AGH Just received and for solo nt the
Colvmiiian onico.
BTOVE3 AND TINWA11E.
J A con MIITZ, dealer In stoves anil tlnwara
Main street, above court house.
CLOTHINQ, Ac.
D
AVID LOWIINHKno, MorcrmntTaltor.Maln
St., 2d door above American House.
WM. MOUItlH, Merchant Tailor corner of Ccu
tro and Main St., over Miller's Btoro.
DnuasrcTiEMioALs, &a.
ljl 1". LUTZ, DrtigglstandApolhecary.lIaln st.
11
, below tho Tout office.
iiOYKIt 11UOS)., DruRglsU and Apothecaries,
L llrowor's block Main st.
CLOCKS, WATCHES, AC.
HKNUYSiUlU'INOKH, Watches, Bpeclaclcs 4
Juwelry Ac, MaluUtrect near west st.
Oil. HAVAOK, dealer In Clocks, Watches and
Jewelry, Main st,, Just below tho American
House.
f OUIH linilNHAllD, Wnlchaud Clock maker
li near southeast corner Main and Iron sis.
It
CATI1UAUT, Walch and Clock Maker.Mar
het street, below Main.
BOOTS AND SHOES.
fl JI.KNOIUt, Denier In lloutK nnd HIioph, latest
yj, ntiil bt-F.1 Rlylrn, corner Mnlii nuil Market
H tret Is, In tlio old I'ust OiUcc.
A. VII) I1KTZ, Boot and Bhoemnker, Main at.
uciow iiarnnan HHioro.west or mrKni,
HKNHY KI.EIM.Mnnufttctiucr am itualrr In
I font ft nml Htioefl, Groceries, otc, Main ttlioot,
L.wt Hloomsburi;.
n M. HUOWN, Hoot find Hhoemaker, Mftln
, street, under Ilrown'u Hotel.
PROFESSIONAL.
D
11. II. O. IIOWKlt, HurfiCouDcnlUt, Mftln Ht
nuuvu uiu wourt Jioube.
D
U. WM. M. UKllIIlt, Burgeon mid l'hyslclan.
Ufllco over tho l-'list Rational lluuk.
Dlt. n, F. KINNEY, Hurgeon Dentist. Tevtll
extracted wlthoutpalu: Main M., nearly op
posite Kplscopal Church,
n (1. 1IAKKI.KY, Altorney-ot-I.aw. Ofllce.Sd
V. lloorln Kxchanizolllock,ucartho"Kxchaui:e
llolil."
II. McKKI.VY.M. D.,Hurtieon and riijslclan
north bldo Main ul below Mulket.
r It. KVANH, M. 1).. Hurueon and l'hyslclan,
I south sldo Main hi reel, below Market,
(!. ItUTTIlIt, M. 1). Hurceon and Thyslclan
, Market street, nbtivo Main.
T II. ltOHISON, Attorney-aM-aw, Orllcellart-
u.
, man's bulldlnix, Main street.
MILLINEltY & FANCY GOODS.
Is l'KTKKMAN, Millinery and Fancy Ook1s,
i. opposlto Kplhcopal Chut ch, Main st,
M1
MHUuer, ItHniNey
LutlUliii: Mulnbticet.
MIKS M. Ii:uuiCKHON( Millinery andKuncy
(loods. Main tit., below Market.
M
JtH. i:. KMNK. Millinery and Fancy UoodH
muiu sireei ueiow lnruci.
MKH. JULIA A. A HAPK UAUKI.KY, Ijulle'
UlunkH iviul Drena I'litterun. bouttietut corntr
Muln und Webtfcts.
rplin MlhHm HAHMAN Millinery midKaucy
1 Uootls, Mul 11 fit.. Ik tow American llouse,
HOTELS AND SALOONS.
tfOHKH HOTML, by T.
1' ot MulnBtiLet.
Ueut. Taylor, cabt end
JTERCIIANTS AND GROCERS.
1 (J, MAHH, Iry Oooils and Notions, south
J west corner Muiu and Iron fits.
D
A, HKCKLKY, Hoot and Bhoe store, books
, A. htutloucry, Muln bt,, below Market.
EJAUOHH,Conlectlopery, groceries etc., Main
. (st,, bolow Iron
TiOX a WI'JIH, tVinfectlonery and Kakery,
f wliolenaIo und retail, hxcUntiKe IS lock,
II
CMIOWKIl, JlatKniHlCupR.IlooUnndBlines,
Main Bt.. above Court House.
J.
II. MAIzn, Mnnurotli (Irwcry, flno Ore-
rerieu. iruiis. auis. i'rnvition. Ac. aiiun
and Iron Htreets,
MtKKLVY, NKAIj A CO., dealers In Dry (foods,
(Iroccrles, Flour, Feed, Halt, Fish. Iiou, Nails,
etc., N. K. cor. Main and Market sts.
Si I, MILLKU A HON, dealers In DryOootls,
noiions, eicinainsi,
MISCELLANEOUS.
"lONHTAHI.Ea HI.ANKSforsaloal tlioCoLDU
J IHAN onicc.
M. CIIUIHTMAN, Baddlo, Trunk Harnets
, maker, Hhlve's lllock Malutilreet.
I)
W. ltOBIHNS.llquordcjUersecond door from
northwest cot uer Main and Iron sts.
p J.TIIOUNTON, Wall Paper, Window Hhades
Tj. and nxtures, llupert blotk. Main st.
(J w.coItKLL.Furnlturo Rooms, thrco ttor'
v. ..v, ..mil, nireev, 01 jiiur&ei, bi.
UROHKNHTOCK,l'hotoErapher, over llobblus
A Ejor's Store, Main at.
I H' I,: I'.H N, dealer in Meat, Tallow, etc., Chem
l bcrllu's ulloy, rear of American House,
I) II. RIMlLr.lt, dealer In pianos, organs and
IV ' melodious, at u, w. Corell's furniture rooms
QAMUF.L JACOI1Y, Marble and llrown Btono
U otbb, r.asv iiiooui.uurK,erwicK road.
willow ware, near the Forks Hotel.
p FOHTKR, Olue Maker, and Whtto and Fancy
Tauner.Hcottowu,
1,1 II. I1IDLEMAN, Agent for Munsou's Coppor
xj. luuuiar ijiguiuing iuhx.
MOTH UOOKH. and blank NOTKH. Willi or with
n nut exemptloa.for sale at the Colvmuian
Light Street.
H.
F. OMAN A Co., WheelwrlshtH. flrit door
uuutv muiiui iiuuic,
JOHN A, OMAN, Manufacturer and dealer In
Hoots and Hhots
R.
H, KNT, dealer In Htoves and Tin ware In
anus branches,
TlETEIt ENT, Miller, and dealer In all kind. 01
1 (llulu. Hcur.Htd, Ac. All kinds ol (Jiatii
Espy.
J D. WERKHEIBF.H.llootaiidHhoeHloieaua
- - niuiiuiscioiy, nuop on juaui utreel op.
11 W. K1K1A11, Htitqutli(u:im l'lsjilnu
. and Vox Manufacturing.
Mill
Orangovillo Directory.
1 II. lir.rtlllNO A BnOTlIF.n,Carpentersnnd
iL. iiuiiucrs, Ainiu hi,, uciow I too,
l)OWi:it A milUttNtl, dealer In Dry Onods
J) (lroccrlcs, Lumber and general McrchandUo
itmii si.
BlttCK IIOTI'.L and refreshment Kaloon, by
ltolir M'llcury cor.of Main andl'lnost.
Dll. O. A.MI!(IAlt(li:t,,rhylclanandBuri:con
Mnlti st,, next door to Good's Hotel,
DAVID IIlIIlllINO. Flour and Utlst Mill, nm
Ucalcrlti craln.MIIIHtrcct.
TAMnHll.IIAUMAN.fablnetMaker and Un
J dnrtaker, Main Ht below l'lne.
SCHlIYI.KIt A CO., Iron founners.Maclilulsts
and Maiiufacttliers of plows, Mill HI.
SAMUELHIIAHPLI.SH, Maker ofthollayhursl
Uralu Cradle, Main HI.
WILLIAM Tlt:t,ON(l Bhoemakernti.l manufif.
turer of Hrlck, Mill Ht., west ofl'mo
Cntawisna.
B
F. DA LLM AN, Merchant Tailor, Second Ht.
ltobbins' Uulldlng.
D
U.J. K. ItoniltNH, H.iruoon and Physician
HecondHt., bolow Main.
GII.I1HHT ft KT.tKK, dry goods, crnccrles, nnd
general morchandUe, Muln Htnet
Jn. KIBTLKIt, "CnltnwisBa House," North
, Corner Main and Becond Htrcets.
T KKILKIl, nillard Haloon, Oysters, and Ico
A J,
, Cream In season Malum.
MM. HHOIIST, dealer UeuoralMcrchaudlse
. Dry Uoods, Groceries &c.
QUBtiUr.HANNA or Ilrlck Hotel, S. Kosten-
kl bander l'rourletor.south.east comer Mahinnd
Becond Btrcct,
AY-
M. II. AI1I10TT, Attorney at law, Muln St.
Buck Horn.
Q.& W. II. BIIOKMAKWl, dealers In dry
1H .goods, groceries and general merchandise,
F Irst sloro In south end ol town.
Philadelphia Directory.
JICHAItDSON L. WltiailT, Jit.
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
NO. 128 SOUTH SIXTH BTUEET,
PHILADELPHIA
Jan. 171-17
T M.
KEl'HEAHT,
0 WITH
BARNES, HRO. &. HEIUION,
HATS, CArS, BTItAW OOODH A FUItB,
No. 603 Market Street,
(Abovo Fifth,)
I'lIlLADELPIIIA.
-yAINAVIUGHT & CO.,
wiioLESALK onociais,
N. E. Corner Bt coml and Arch Streets,
' I'll I LA DELPHI A,
Dealers In
TEAS, BYI'.UrS, COFFEE, HUUAIt, MOLAbHIM
UICE, BPICES, lit CA1IU Son A, dC, S.C.
S-Ordcrs will rec.ivc prompt attention,
may 10.C7.tf.
BuBineoa Car da.
c.
11. mtOCKWAY,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
TiLooMsnur.o, pa.
4e- Okeipk Court House Alley, In the Co.
LUMliiAN building. l.lanl,'67.
A.
L. TURNER
l'HYHICIAN AND BUIUJEON,
ur.ooM.snuuo, pa.
Oi'KirKnver LuIk's DnifrHlnrp. HrsMeno
Market Street, 1st door below Hev. D..I. Waller.
deel(i'7l.
C.
W. MILLER,
ATTOHNKY AT LAW,
Ofllco Court IIouso Alley, below tho Coi.vm
iuan Ollke. Dountlis, Iliirk'Fav nml PensloiiH
lollecled, llloonistniri; ru.Hep.'J(i,(7
R
OHEHT F. CLAHK,
ATTOUNEY AT LAW,
ortloe Main Street below tho Cmirt lloiue.
lllooinsburg l'enn a.
11. IilTTLE,
ATTOUNEY AT LAW,
Onlee. Courl-Hmiso Alley, below tho COLUW
ltlAN Office, llloomsburg l'a.
V
ETERINARY.
Auoumr FHIKND,
Into frtm (lermuny, (ttrirs bin hervlces to the
)iulillu ana ct it Unit til
HORSE AND COW DOCTOR,
and nil other animals, for which his ehnrpc h nru
moiu-rnie. jio nn aiwuvx lo iouniui huo ui
Dei wick road, nearH. H..lneoby'M Marble laid,
liioouibourir, iay j, j&u-ii.
1? J. THORNTON
rlji would announce to thecltltensof UIoomM
burtt and vicinity, that ho hnsjust received ufiill
uiiu compieiu iivioruuiiu uj
WALL I'Al'lIU, WINDOW HIIADKH,
jyixTcniu, conns, tabeus,
nd all other coods In his lino of bnslntss. All
hit newfkt nml inott nnnntved frntlerno of tho
day aro always to be lound In bin estJiblUhmenU
?OOT8 AND SHOES.
I'l.AItlC M. HHOWN,
MAIN HTHEET, UNDEK llKOWN'h HOTEL.
A lull and complete assortment of ready mode
boots and hlioislor nun, vomen and children
Jufct receUed nud lor saloat rtoFonaMo laics.
Varieties to suit alt classes of 1 ulomers. The
itesl ttr work done at snort nonce, as jierowinrc.
(live him acall. IJali 171,
NE
EW STOVE AND TIN 8H01
ISAIAH HAOENBUCH,
Main Street ono door above 11. Meudcuhalt's
Still o.
A larco assortment of Htoves. Heaters end
ItangenFonslautly on hand, and for bale at the
lowest rules.
Tinning 111 all its branches carofully attended to,
no MiiiNiHciiuu Kuaranieu.
Tin work of all Kinds wholesale and retail, A
'tul Is requested,
Jau 171
N
K W O O A L Y A R 3).
Tun undersliined rejnectfntlv inform tlie
clllrens nt HloomNliurg and Columbia county,
that they keep nil tho different numbers oUtovu
co.u aud belecled lump coal for smithing nurp4
ses.nn their wharf, uiljolulng M'Kulvy. NcalA
liu h r uriiace; wnu n kihhi iair oi jtriiuio can8
I.tuewiso a norso auu wagon, lo iteiivcr coal to
timet) who desire U. As they puichnse a luruo
nmouutof ooal.lhey luttnd to keep a suptrlnr ur
tlclo. and nel at tho ery low en t prices, l'leahu
rail nuu oxhiuiuu lor j uirncivrji iniutn inirruub
b AlIOUHTUH MAbllN.'
rniK iiiitli'rH!i:no(l will tnku In ex-
Xchnuce for Coal anil tlrocerles, the following
numeti articles l wneui, ivjo, lihu, uhi, . oiu
toes, Lard, Hulu.Khnulder.aud blile meat.Ilnlter
Egt;, Hay, Ae.,al the hlchest cash prices, at his
J. W.HENDKKHHOT.
lIlnoinslmrE Mar. W.'MMj-.
R
AIIE CHANCE.
Fou Hai.e A tiernndhand "Arlon1
plsno-foite,
pricu J75, cost 'I his super bo
liihtruiiieii
was bouulit at un miction naleof nrlalu lnunilV
In New York, nnd had bein but a lewuteksln
use. It 1m In n-rfeel order and In H crw reH 1H1 1
touaJ to a nw pluno, Ti huh potbltlelycuh In
, auuh um inr ono w t-cu.
ance.
may 2671-
C w. Fu-sri-.u.
If Munch Chunk, Fa,
QURLING CRl-UJI.
Hy ustnir this artlrlo Indlfa and Gentlemen
cunntttuniy tiiembelvts a ihouMind lnhl. 'Hits
is tno only ftttlclM tbht will curl Mraltiht hair,
ami nt the, mine time give in it n huiulllul an
wuiance. It bUo lnti;ortes( bntulttles and
-lean.s. It can lo m npnlUd as to cauho the
hair to curl any Ituutli of timo dtslied. Hint
by mull lor SO its. a piuknge. Adiliei-R
ahm:il 10WNMT.1.V
Mlddltlowu, Adams Co., Fa,
septni.Cin,
BUNINEPH CAltDH,
VJH1TINU I'AUDH,
V.Ttm 11EAI.
111LL HIUDH,
I'UOUltAHMEH,
l-OHTKIlH,
40,
Neatly nnd Cheaply 1'rlutc.l
From the llcst HI ylis of Typo at the
COLUMIIWN OFFlWi.
Poetical.
Ben VMior.
Hen Fisher had finished his harvesting,
And ho stood by his garden gala,
Ono foot on tho rail, nnd ono on tho ground
As ho called to lits Rood wlfo Kale.
Thcro were Mains of toll o hN wamus red,
Tho dust of tho Held oahU half
Hut a twlnkto of pleasure was In 111 eye,
As ho looked at his stock so f.it,
"Here, glvo wo tho lube, doir Kate, ou aro
tired,
And I (car jou havo too much cire,
You must rest nnd ick tipn Utile, I think,
Ileforo wo can ro to the fair,
I'd hato to bo taking fat cattle, yon know,
Fat hegu, f.it sheep, and fat cons,
With ft wife- at my elljow as poor as u crow,
And cnrewrlnklcs teaming her brow4,
To n't koI" Why not? "Can't alToid.tho ex
pense?" I ttnnw, Kale, our crops arn't tho best
Hut we'vo labored togclhertokeop things along,
And together we'll now take a reit, p
Ho Trvnl blighted tho fiult, hut 'Hrlndlo H
1 rime,
And Mlnny' nnd 'Fan nro n show,
Your butter nnd chceso can't ho beat In tho
Stale;
Bo up to tho fair wo will go!
Ynn'vo ne'er seen a city, and Clnvelmd Is fine.
Never seen the blue, blflowy lakot
No'erroiloliiarnll-cir, uorhoon tn n throng
H, Kate, this short Journey wo 11 lako;
And gither new foollusi, now thoushls, nnl
now ways,
If wo find thoso that suit, m we roim,
,nJ garner up Btrength tn hoa I. heart and hind
For tho lovci, and tho duties at home,
I sometimes havo thought, ns I plodded alons
For mouttis, o'er the same weary round,
That (mother who had sucharml harttttme,
In Ohio could uowhoro ba found,
Hut whou I'vo been called from my houia Torn
while,
And seen how tho world gets along.
I'vo como baolc ti toll with n Usht, choerful
heart,
An'l 'There's no placo llko honi?,' for my
fcong.
I wonder that moMcr don't wholly dospalr. :
ho no or from their cares get away, i
Hut walk tho sumo troadwheel of duty for
i ears, . i
f-'carcc slopnlng to rest ulghtor day, I
No wonder they grow dUcontontod, samotlmri, j
Their feelings get raspy and rold ; !
For toll never ending, and labor uncheered, '
Mako v, cmcn, and men omei,i?j scold."
Kato looked up with a smile, an! said, "lieu, wo
will goj
There may bo stock filler than ours,
Horses swlfler of foot, cows liner by far,
Hcttcr butter nnd cheese, fruit and tlowcrs;
Hut there's one fift; I claim, that ciu't lu sur-
passei
In the wholo great nation to-day
I would not ejch.mgo for a kingdom to bo it
That's my gxule man!" and Kate ran away.
MESSAGE OF THE PRESIDENT.
To the Senate and House of Jteprcsenta
Uvea: In luldrcsslni: my third niinual nira
s.iro to tho law-making branch of tlio
Government It is firallfyini: to ,)0 Bl,1
losiniotnat iinrintr tno nasi year suc
cess has generally attended tlio elfort to
execute all laws found upon thobtultitn-
uooua.
Tho policy has been not to Inquire
into tho wisdom of laws already enact
ed, but to lcam their Hpliit anil intent,
and to cnfoieo them nccordlniily.
Tho past year has, undent wlso I'rnv
idente, been ono of general prosperity
to lh.) nation. It bus, Jnmever, been
atlenditl Willi morntluiu usual chastise
ments in tho h)!-s of llfo and pioptrly
by steam and lire. Tlie-o disinters havo
served to tall hitlh tlio licst elements of
human nature In our country nnd to
develop a friendship fur us on tlio part
ol fori if;n nations which iroes f.tr to
wards alleviutinu tho tlistresseH tuen
sloned by lhe-e cilaniitles,
Tho benevolent who havo so gener
ously fclian d their means with tho vic
tims of tlnso misfortunes will rrap their
reward in tlio consciousness of having
performed a nolilo net, nnd in receiving
tlio grateful thanks or men, women,
and children whoo sulferings thy
havo relieved.
Tlio relations of tho United Static
with foreign l'owcrs continuo to bo
friendly. Tho year bin been nil event
ful ono in witnessing two great nations,
speaking ono language, and having ono
lineage, settling hy peaceful ntbltr.ilion
dlMiutos of Jong standing, and liable nt
nny timo to bring thoio nation-) Into
uioooy nnu corny eoniuct. aii exam
nlo 1ms thus been set which, if success
1 ii I in Its ilnal lsiiie, may bo followed
ny oilier civilized naiious, nnu nnaiiy
no iiiii means in returning to proline
tivu industry millions of men now
maintained lo settle tlio disputes of tin
thins bv tho buvonetund thu broiuMdu.
1 triinsiult hetewllli ti copy of tho
trcalv alluded lo. which has been ion
cludtd hiiicu tho udlournment tf Con
gress wilh Inr liiitanic Jlijesty, nnd a
cipy oi mo proiet ois in mo coniereneu
of tho Coininlstinners by whom it was
iipgu latin, 'i nn irciiiy nrovinesmeiH-
oils for adjusting the questions pending
between tno lvo imllons.
Varleus quehtinus urn to bo adjusted
bv arbitration. I recommend Congress
nt im airly day lo mako tlio nrccssary
provision for tho tiltiuunl nt Geneva,
und for tho several commissions on tlio
part of tno Uulled Btatfs called lor by
tho treaty.
Ills .Alajesiy tno King oi naiy, tno
I'rosli tin ol uiu iswiss Lomotil ration,
and Ids Majesty tlio Emperor of lirazll,
bavo uieli eoiisenicu, on u:o jcini ro
quist of tho two 1'owirs, to niiino an
mbltriitor for tho triltiiial nt aenovn.
I liavo caused my thanks to bosultainy
expressed for tho readiness with which
tho Joint request Inn been compiled
wllh by tlio appointment of gentlemen
of emlnenco nun lefriutig lo inesoiiu
i.nrlnnt tinitions.
Ills Slajesly tlio ICmieror of Ger
many bus been punca in comply win
Urn folht renuest of thu two Govern
inenls. and has con-cntid to act as tho
arbitrator of tho disputed waler-boun
dary between tho United Stales tun
Great Ilrilnin.
Tim eontractiiiL' narliis In tlio treaty
havo undertaken to legnrd. as between
themselves certn n nrlucliiliu ol ptiiui
law, for which tho United Slates liuvo
eonieniieu irom tno eoiiiinein-eiiiuiu ui
their history. Tliey huvo abo asreei
to brlno- tliosn nriiielnllH lo tho kliowl
( dgo of tlio other maritime l'owi rs, and
to invito them to ncccdo to them. No
L'OtlatloiiH nm eninir on us to tlio form
ot tho nolo by which tlio Invitation is
to no exteniicu to tno oiner rowers.
1 ri commend tho legislation niccs
wiry on the part of tho Unllid Statcsto
bring Into operation tho articles of tho
Tieaty lelating to tho lUhcrles, and to
tho other mutters touching thu relation
of tho united Klines inwards uiu urn
Ish North American I'osserslons, to bo-
eoino operative, as toon ns tlio proper
legislation shall bo nan on 1110 part o
Great llrltaln and its possessions.
II Is much to I o desired Hint this leg
Million may l.icoino operative, before
I hn llsbei mi n of tho Uulttd Btnleslio-
gin to ninko their urrnngementa for tlio
coming season.
I hnvo lutdrefstdacominunicatloii, o
which a copy Is transmit! d herewith
in i hn Gnvornnrs of Now York. Perm
nbi.oblo. I milium. Michigan. 1111
nols, iiiui Wisconsin, urging upon tho
governments ol those Bltues respecuvu
v. Ibn nrrespnrv nelloll on their liart tl
curry inloeirect tho object of tho iirtlclo
of tlio treaty which contemplates tho
usoof tlio canals on either sldi'. connect
ed with tho nnvlL'atloii of tho hikes anil
rivers forming tho boundary, on terms
of equality by tho Inhabitant!) of both
countrlw. It Is honed that thn Imnor-
tanco of tho object anil tho benefits to
now tncrcirom will securo tho speedy
approval and IcgMntlvo sanction of tho
oiates concerned.
I renew the recommendation for nn
appropriation for determining tho truo
portion of tho forty-ninth parallel of
latitude where 11 forms tlio boundary
between tho United Hfntes and tho
JlflllHh .North American Possessions
between tho Lako or tlio Woods and
tho summit of tho Itocky Mountains.
Tho early fiction of Congress on this
recommendation would put It in tho
power of tho War Department to placo
it foico In tho Hold during tho next sum
mer. Tho resumption of diplomatic rela
tions between Franco and Germany
havo enabled mo tn glvo directions for
tlio withdrawal of tlio protection ex
tended to Germans in Franco by tho
dlplomaticnii'l consular representatives
of tlio United Wales in that country.
It Jsjuat toadd that (ho dellcnlo duly
of this protection has been performoil
by tho MinMerniid Consul General at
Paris, nnd the various Consuls In Franco
under tho nup-'rvlsion of tho latter,
with great kindness in woll as with
prudence and tact. Their courso has
recoived tho commendation of tlio Ger
man Government, and has wounded 110
susceptibility of tiiu French.
Tlio Government of tho Emperor of
aermnuy continues to manifest a
friendly feeling towards tlio United
States, and a ilesirn to harmonize with
tho moderate- and Just policy which
this Government maintains In lis rela
tions wilh Asiatic Powers, as well as
with tho South American Republics.
I havo given a- surances that tho frlcnJ.
I.v feelings of that Government nro
fully Bhnred by tho United States.
tiio rniiiic.iuous or tno consular ami
lmttintUz.Ulou conventions with tlio
Austrii-llung.iilan Empire- havo been
exchanged.
1 havo been oillclally Informed of tho
annexation of tho States of tho Chnrch
to tlio Kingdom ol Italy, and tho ro
moval of tlio Capital of that Kingdom
lo Koine. In conformity with tlio es
tablished policy of tho United States, I
iivo recognized tins ennnge,
Tho ratlllcatlons of tho now Treaty of
Commerce between tho United States
and Italy havo been exchanged. Tlio
iwo l'owcrs navo agreed in tins treaty
that private properly at sea shall bo
exempt from ciptuio in cisa of war bo
twecn tho two Powers. Tlio Unltail
States havo spared no opportunity of
incorporating tins rule into tno obliga
tion of nntious.
Tho Forty-llrst Congress tit Its third
session, mado an appropriation for tho
orgnnizuion oi u mixed commission inr
adjudicating upon thu claims of citizens
of tho United Slates agaiust Spain,
growing out of tlio Insurrection In
Culm. That commission has slnco beoti
organized. 1 transn.lt herewith tho
correspondence relating to Its forma
tioh und lis Jurisdiction. It is to be
hoped that this commission will iiiTjrd
tho claimants a campleto remedy for
their Injuries.
it lias won uiauo ino ngreeaoio tuny
f tho United Stales to preside overu
innferonco nt Washlncton between the
plenipotentiaries of Spain nnd tho allied
South American Ileptiblics, which hai
n hinted in an armistice, wnn tnu rea
hinuxMo assurance of a p-jrinaneut
onv.
Tlio inllmato friendly relations which
iiv i long existed between tno unit-
d States and IIussI.i continuo mulls-
iuIa.i1. Tlio Vl.-lt oi tno mini son oi
tho Kmpcror Is n proof that thero is no
eV-dri'ou tho pirt ol his Government
lo diminish Ihu cordiality of thoso ro-
itlons.
Thu bosiillablo leeeiitlon which lias
been given to tho Grand Duke, Is u
proof that on our sldo wo sliaro tho
wlslusof that Government. Tho inex
eusiablo ennrso of tho Kusslau Minister
at Washington rendered it necessary to
isl: his recall, and to decline longer to
ccelvo that !" ctionary as a diplomat-
repnsentaiivo. li was lmpossioie,
Ith s5lf-resti. i". or with a lii't regard
n thu iliL'iill v ni tlio country, lo permit
M.Citac'.izv 'to continuo lo hold Inter
course wllh th' i Government after his
personal nbu-' ' f Government nuininis,
mil during lr- peiHient iiiierieiuini.',
llirinigli varli.ii- mums, with tlio rela
tions between (bo Unlt?d States nml
other Powe.-i. 1 i crcordanco with my
wMicp, till-. Government li-w iieen ro-
llovtil illttnf'r nnercourso wmi
Cutai'i-zy, and llm mnni'g"ineiit of the
nll'.drs or tho lmpeii.il J.ej;-.itioil lias
pas-ed Into th- bands of a gentleman
entirely uuijljivllumiblo.
Willi Japan wo continuo m nraumu
ntlnmln ri'lulb'IH- Til" l-'llbllll'l oftllO
tlin close of thu last
hivslnu of C"i. rt'-'.Hi.'lictid cillzens ol
ho United S'. 'les to servo in oiuces in
mnortanco In .-eviral deparlmerits of
government. I b ivo reason lo tlilim
tint hUkl1 I ' LI IS 11111! Ill Ull ill' IXM.1-
Hllon lif II. e disinterestedness of the
.... in.- i i- i t hi. iin un Minus nuvu
inn sued towards Julian. It Is i.urdu-.
dr., i f-niilliiiin lo maintain this (ll-.ll!
teresteil and just policy wnn uni iaus
well as Japan. Tlio correspondence
transmitted herewith shows that lime
iilsiiiltlini on tho nart 1 1 this
Govi intnent toHWi rvo irom us cmuu
llahpil i-nnrMi!.
Proiiipled by a desiro to put mi emi
lo llio imroarous ireaiinem oi um onn
d minors on tho Corenn Const, I
Instructed our Minister ul Peking to
endeavor lo concludu a conventloii with
Coro.i for si curing llm safely and liti
mani! treatment ol men mariners, ah
in I rn 1 liodirers was Instructed toaccom
puny him, with a sullli'lent foico to
protect mm in eusu in neiu.
A small surveying party sent out, on
reaching tho coast, was ireacnerousiy
ntini'keil at a disadvantage. Amnio im
portunity was given lor explanation
mul niHiloL'v for the ins'ilt. Neither
c.i mo. A loico was then landed. Afler
hii nriliiinis inarch over a rugged and
illlllciilt country, tho forts from which
tlio outrage ban iieen coiuuiiiiou wcru
ri.iinr-i.il bv n valiant nssaiilt. nnd were
ili stroveil. HavliiL' thus liunlslied the
crliuiinils, mid having vindicated tho
honor or tbo lug, ino expeiiiiitii ro
i nrm il iimilni' it liniirjcticablo. under
tho circumstances, tocitielude a desired
convenllou. 1 lewpet tlully tefer to tlio
I'lHi-isnnndeni-o icluling thereto here-
with Hiibnillted. and liuvo thn sublect
for such iiciion us 1'ongrens may sco lit
to take. , .
Tim lieiiuhllu of Mexico has not yet
roiirnled Dm veiv nlilectloilliblo laws
establishing what is known as Iho "Free
Zone," on tno irontier oi ino unueii
States. It Is hoped that this may yet
bo done, and also Hint moro stringent
measures may bo taken by that Kepiih
lie for restraining lawless persons on
Its frontiers. I bono Unit Mexico, by
lis own action, will soon lellevo t Ills
Governini-iit of tho dilllcultles exper
ienced from theso causes.
Our re billons with tho vni lous Repub
lics of Cential and South America con
tinue, willi ono exieptlon, to be cordial
and friendly. , ,
I recommend scino nillon by Con
gress regarding Iho ovei duo luslalnients
under tho award of tho Venezuelan
Claims Commission of 180(1. Tho In
tirnal dlssiiitlons of this Government
present no Justlllcallim for tlio uhsenco
or effort to Iniet their solemn Iteaty
obligations.
Tho rnllllcallon of an extradition
treaty with Nicaragua has been ex
changed. It Is it Bubjfct for congratulation that
tlio Great Emplro of Jlrazll has taken
tlio Initiatory btep towards tho abolition
of slavery. Our rolatlons with tint
Emplro, nlwoys cordial, will nattitally
bo mado moro so by this net. It U not
too much to hopo that tho Government
of Ilrazll may hoieaftor Und It for Its
Interest, ns well as Intrinsically right,
to advaiico toward ontlro emancipation
moro rapidly than tlio presont net con
templates. Tho truo prosperity nnd greatness of
a nation Is lo bo found In tho elevation
and education of its laborers. It is n sub
ject for regret-that tho reforms in tills
direction which wcro voluntarily jirim
lsl by tho statesmen of Spain hnvo
not been carried out In Its West India
colonics. Tlio laws and regulations for
tlio apparent abolition of slavery In
Cuba nnd Porto Hlco Inivn inot. of thn
hborers In bondage, with no hopo of
reicaso until tneir uvea i)"como n our
don to I heir employers.
I desiro to direct your attention to
tho fact that citizens of tlio United
Wall's, or nersons claiming to bo citi
zens of tho United Stales, nro largo
holders in foreign lands oi lids snecles
of property, forbidden by tho funda
mental law of their alleged country. I
recommend to Congress to provide,
hy Blriugont legislation, h siiitililo rem
edy ngalnst tho holding, owning, or
dealing In slaves, or being interested
In blavo property In foreign lands,
either as owners, hirers, or mortgagers,
oy citizens oi united tstates.
It is to bo rcgrotteil tint tho disturb-
cd condition of tho Island of Cubi con
tinues to bo a sourco of annovanco nnd
of anxiety. Tho oxistoncoof n protract
ed strugglo In such closo proximity to
our owu territory, without apparent
prospect of nn early termination, can
not bo other than nit object of concern
to a people who, whllo abstaining from
Interferenco In tlio nffalra of other pow
ers, naturally desiro to sco overy coun
try in tno unuisturiiou enjoyment or
peace, liberty and tlio blessings of frco
institutions. Our naval comtnandors
In Cuban waters havo been Instructed.
In caso it Hhould becomo necessary, to
sparo no effort to protect tho lives nnd
properly of bonn fide American citizen
and to maintain tho dignity of tho ll.ig.
it is nopcu mat ail pending questions
Willi Spain, growing out of tlio nlfairs
in Cuba, may bo adlusted inthosnirlt
ef poaco and conciliation which lias
hitherto guided tliotwo powers In their
treatment of sucli questions.
To givo Imnortatico anil to add to tlio
cfllcicncy of our diplomatic relations
with Japan nnd China, and lo further
aid In retaining tho good opinion of
thoso peoples, and tosocuroto tho Unit
ed States lis sliaro of tho comnioreo
destined to How betwesn thoso nations
and tho balance of tho commercial
world. I earnestly recommend tlint an
appropriation bo mado to support at
least iour American youtns in eacn oi
theso countries to servo ns n nart of tho
oiUcial family of our Ministers thcro.
Our representatives would not oven
men no piaceu upon nn equality wnn
the renresentatlvos of Great Ilrltan and
of somo other Powers. As now situat
ed, our representatives In Japan and
China havo to depend for interpreters
and translators upon natives of those
countries who know our Ianguago Im-
penectiy, or procure, lor tno occasion,
tho services of omnlovoes in foreign bus
iness housos or tho Interpreters to other
loreigti ministers.
1 would also recommend liberal meas
ores for tho purposo of supporting tho
American lines of steamers now plying
between San Francisco and Jannii nml
China, und tho Australian lines almost
our only remaining limn of ocean
steamers nnd of Increasing their ser
vices. Tlio national debt has been reduced
to tho oxlont of eighty six millions
fifty-seven thousand ono hundred nnd
twenty six doll.irsand eighty cenlsdur
Ing tho year, and by tho negotiation or
national bonds, nt a lower rato ot Inter
est, tho Intoroit on tho public debt has
been so far diminished that now tho
sum to ba raised for tho Interest account
is nearly seventeen millions of dollars
le-'H than on Iho 1st of March, ISO!).
It was highly desirable that this rapid
diminution should tako place, both to
strengthen tho credit ol tbo country,
und to convince Its citizens of their en-
tlronbility to meet every dollar of lia
bility witliDiillMiiKruptiog Iliem. l;ut,
in viow of llm B.it'ompllshmi'nt of tho.se
deslr.tblo ends, of the rapid develop
ment of tlio resources of tho country;
Its increasing iib.'lily to meet largo de
mands, nnd Iho amount already paid, it
is not desirable that tho tins'-nt reeour
cos of tho country should continuo to
lio taxed in order to conllnuo this rapid
payment. 1, therefore, n commend a
niodltlciuion or liolli thu tarltl mm in.
ternal tat laws, I recommend that nil
taxes from internal sources bo abolish
ed, except tho-o collected from spiritu
ous, vinous, and malt liquors ; tobacco,
in ns various lornis, and irom stamps,
In readjusting tho tariff, I stiggist
that a careful iMinulo bo mado of Iho
amount ofMirplm ruveiiuo collected un
der tho present laws, after piovlding
for tlio current expenses of thu Govern
ment, tlio interest account, nnd a sluic
ing fund, nnd that this surplus ho re
duced In such a manner as to a (lord the
greatoit relief to Iho gre.ile-t number.
ThiTo tiro many articles not produced
it home, but which enter largely Into
general consumption . through articles
widen mo uiHiiuirictured at liome, sucu
as medicines coin ik iu u-1 1 , .Si'.,
from which very llltln leviiiuii Is do
lived, but which I'litirliilngeiii ml in1,
All such articles I n commend to bo
placid on tho "Ireo list."
Should a further roluctlon provond
vlsnblu I would then neomiiieiid that
it bo mado iinon tho-o articles which
can best boar it without disturbing homo
production or reducing Uiu wages or
American labor.
I havo not entered Into figures, bo
causo to ilo so would bo to repeat what
will bo laid iieroro you in tno report or
ino secretary oi tno rrrti-ury.
Tho present laws forcollcctingrovenuo
pay coneictoisoi customs small salaries,
but iirovhiii for moieties, (shares In ul
seizure,) which, at principal ports of
entry, particularly, raiso tno compensa
tion of those olllclaU to a largo sum, it
has always seemed to mo as ir Ibis sys
temintistat times work perniciously,
It holds out an Inducement to dishonest
men. bliouldsuch get possession of thorn
otllco', to lio lax In their scrutiny of
goous enieren, to cuamo mom nnaiiy
to mako large seizure's. Your attention
is respectfully invited to this subteet
Continued Iluctuatlons In the vuluo of
gold, as compared with tlio national
currency, has it most ilnmimlng effect
iqiou tlio Increaso and development of
llio country in Keeping up prices omu
articles necessary in every day life. It
rosters a spirit oi gambling prejudicial
alike to national moralsaud tho natloiu.l
llnanccs. If tho question can bo mot as
to how to glvo a llxed value to our
currency, that value constantly and
uniformly approaching par with specie,
u very duslralilo object will bo gained.
For the operations of the army In tho
past year; the expense of maintaining
It. tho estimates for tho onsulng your.
and for continuing so. const, and other
Improvements conducted under tno su
pervision of tho War Department, 1
reier you in ino neeompaning report o:
tho Secretary of War.
I cull your attention to tlio provisions
of tho net of Congress, approved March
3, 1809, which discontinues promotions)
in ino stun corps oi tno army until
provided for by law. I rocommond
that thonumberof olllcersln each grade
In tho stair corps ho llxed. and that
whenever the number In any ono grade
inns doiow uiu milliner so nxen, tiiiti
tho vacancy may bo filled by promotion
from tho griulo bolow. I nUo rceom
mend Hint when tho ofllco of chief of n
corps becomes vacant, tho place may bo
tilled by selection from tho corps In
which tho vacancy exists.
Tho report of tho Secretary of tho
Navy shows un Improvement In tiio
milliner nun emciency oi tno navai
force without material Increaso In tlio
expnnso of supporting It. This Is due
to tho policy which has boon adopted
and Is being extended, us fast ns our
material wilt admit, of using smaller
vessels as cruisers on tho several sin
lions.
lly thh means wo havo been enabled
lo occupy at onco a larger extent of
cruising ground, lo visit moro ircquoni
ly tho ports whero tho presenco of our
flag Is desirable, nnd generally to dis
charge moro cfllclently tlio appropriate
duties of tho navy In limn of poaeo,
without exceeding tho number of men
or llio expenditure authorized by law.
During tbo past year tlio navy has, in
addition to tho regtilnr service, Biipplled
tlio men nnd olllcers for tho vessels of
tho Const Survoy, nnd has completed
tho surveys authorized by Congress of
tho IsUmius of D.irien and Tohunn-
tepee, nnd under Hko authority has
sent out nn expedition, completely fur
nished nnd equipped, to explore tho
unknown ocean or tho North. Tho
suggestions of.tho report, in lo tho nec
essity for increasing nud Improving
thomtiterl.il of tho navy and tho p'nu
recommended for reducing tho person
nel or tho servleo to n pcaco standard,
by tlio gradual abolition of certain
grades of ofllccr3, tho reduction of
others, and tho employment of somo
in mo scrvicoot tno commercial marine
aro woll considered, and deserve tho
thoughtful attention of Conuress. I
nlso recommend thai nil promotions In
tho navy, abovo tho rank of captain,
no ny selection instead oi by seniority.
Tills courso will socuro In tlio hliriier
grades greater cfllcleiicy, and hold out
uulucentlvo to young olllcers to improvo
themselves in tlio knowledge of their
profession. Tho present cost of main
taining the nrvy, Its cost compared
with that of the preceding year, and
tho estimates for tho ensuing year nro
contained in tho accompanying report
of thu Secretary of tho Navy.
ino enlarged receipts ol tno l'ost Ul
llco Department, ns shown bv tho ac
companying report of tho Postmaster
General, exhibits a gratifying incrcaso
in innt nrancn oi tno puunc service, li
is tho index of tlio growth of education
nnd of tho prosperity of tho people, two
elements highly conducive to tho vigor
and stability of republics. Willi a vast
terrnory into ours, mucit oi it sparsely
populated, but all requiring tho services
of the mail, II is not at present to bo
expected that this Department can bo
mudo soir-sustainlng. Hut' a gradual
approach to this end, from year to year,
is conuucniiy relied on, ami mouayis
not far distant when tlio Post Otllco De
partment of tho Government will nrovo
u much greater blessing to tho wholo
people man it is now. Tho suggestions
of tho Postmaster General for improve
ments in tno Department presided over
by 1 1 1 in nro earnestly recommended to
your special attention. Especially do
I recommend favorable consideration
of tho plan for unltinc tho tolecranhlc
system of tho United States with the
posiai syalem. it is believed that, by
such a couise. tho cost of telegraphing
could bo much reduced, and tho service
ns well, if not better, rendered. It
would sccuro tho further advantage of
extending tbo telegraph through por
tions oi tno country wnero private en
terprise will not construct it. Com
merce, trade, and .'abovo all, tho elforts
to nring it peopio widely separated into
a community of interest, nro always
lienclllcd by a rapid Intercommunica
tion.
Education, tho groundwork of repub
lican InMltutions, Is encouraged by in
creasing tho facilities to gather speedy
news from nil parts of thn country. Tho
desiro to reap tho bencllt of such im-
irovrmenis win .stimulate education.
refer you to tho report of tho Post
master General for full details of tho
operations of lnt year, and for com-
pantiivo statements ot lasulls with
former years.
'lucre nas neon imnnscd upon tho
Executlvu br'inih of tho Government
tho execution of the act of Congress
approved April 2D, 1871, and commonly
known as tho Ku-klux law, In a portion
of iho Stale of .South Carolina. The
necessity of the courso pursued will bo
lemoiisiraieii py ttio report oi tiio com-
mine lo lnvisiiguio .southern out
rages.
Under Iho provisions of the nbovo
net 1 lisued n proclamation calling tho
attention of tlio people of the United
Slntes to tho siiiie, und declaring my
reluclanco to e-xerel-u nny ot the extra
ordinary iowcrs thereby conferred up
on mo except in eusn ot imperative no
icsstly, but muliiiig known my purpose
to exercise my powers whenever It
should beeonio necessary In do so for
the purpose of securing lo all cltlzsns
of tho United States the peaceful enjoy
ment m tno rigius guar.iuieeii to incni
by tbo Constitution and Iho laws.
Alter tnu nivsago oi mis law. infor
mation wus received from timo to timo
Unit combinations of llm character re
ferred to in this law ixlsted.and worn
powerful in many pirts of tho South-
em Stales, particularly iu certain conn-
lies in ino Kiate oi (souili Uttrollna.
C.irelul iuve-tigitllon was made, und it
was ascertained mat. in iiluo count cs
of that Statu such combinations wcro
actis'o and powerful, embracing u sulll
cieut portion of tho citizens to control
me local authority, nud having, among
other things, the object of depriving
me emancipairii cirss oi tno substantial
Hem lltsol irifilom, and nt nreventlnir
tbo freii political action of those citizens
who did not sympilhlzo with their own
views.
Among their operations were frenucnt
scourglngs and nccie-ionnl nssa'slnallons
generally nurpitratctl nt n grit bv d s
guised persons, tho victims, In almost
all cases, being citizens of different po
inicni fenuiuonis irom their own, or
Ireed persons who bud shown n d snosl
Hon to claim equal rights with other
citizens. Thousands oi luoiieiisivo nnu
welbdi-posed citizens wcro tho Biitferors
by this lawless violence.
Thereupun, on tho 1-th day of Octo
ber, 1871, u proclamation was Issued, In
thu terms of the law, calling upon thu
members of llioso combinations to ills-
perse wllhln ilvo day, nud to deliver lo
thu marshal or military olllcers or the
United States all arms, iimmiiultlnu,
uniforms, disguises, und other means
und Implements tisui by lliem lore.tr
rylug out their unlawful purposes.
This warning, not having boon hood
cdiOii the 17th of October another pro
clamation was issued suspending Iho
privileges of the writ of habeus cotjiui
In nlno counties In that State
Direction was given that within the
counties so designated, persons suppos
ed, upon creiiiiaiiio lumrniiiion, in no
members of such unlawful combina
tions should bo arrested by tho military
forces of tho United States, nnd dellv
cied to tho marshal, to bo dealt with
according to law. In two of said conn,
ties, York und Spaitanburg, many ur
r sts havo Iieen made. At thu hist ac
count, thu number of persons thus
arrested ws nuo hundred und Bixty
eight. Soveral hundred, whoso eiliui
utility was a-cerlaiiietl to tin ofun Infe
rior degree, wcro released for tho pievs
out. Theso havo generally mudo con-
icHsions oi ineir guur.
Great caution has boon exercised In
malting tho.su urm-ds, and notwl tlmtund.
Ing tlio largo number, It is believed that
no Innocent person Is now In custody.
Tho prisoners will bo held for regular
trial tn tlio judicial tribunals or llio
united stale.
As soon ns it apnoarol tint tho au
thorltles of tho United Statos wcro
about to tako vigorous measures lo en
force the law, tnnuy porsons absconded,
ami thcro is good ground mr supposing
that all of such persons have) violated
the law. A full report of what has
been dono under this law will bo sub
mitted lo Congress by tho Attorney
General.
In Utali thcro still remains a remnant
of barbarism repugnant to civilization,
lo decency, nnd to tho laws of the
United States. Territorial olllcors,
however, have been found who nro
willing to perform thelnluty Inn spirit
of iqully, nnd with it duo senso or tho
necessity of sustaining tho majesty ol
tho law. Neither Piilygamy nor any
other violation of existing statutes will
bo permitted within tlio territory or Iho
United States. It Is not with the relig
ion of thu sclf-Htyled saints that wo nro
now dealing, but wllh their practices.
They will ho protected In worship of
God according to tho dictates of their
consciences, but they will not bo per
mitted (o violate tho laws under tho
cloak of religion. It may bo ndvisablo
loruongross to consider what, in tbo
execution of tho laws against polygamy.
Is to bo tho Btatus of plural wives and
their offspring. Tho propriety of Con
gress passlug un enabling act authoriz
ing tho Territorial Legislature of Utah
to legitimize all children born prior to
a time llxed In tho act, might bo Justi
fied by lis humanity to thoso Innocent
children. Tills is n suggestion only,
not n recommendation.
The no lev nursucd towards tho In
dians hasresultcd favorably, so far as can
oa juugcii irom tno limited time during
which It has been In operation. Through
tho exertions of tlio various societies of
Christians, to whom has been entrusted
the execution of tho policy, and the
iioatu oi commissioners authorized by
tho law of April 20th. 1S0D. many tribes
of Indians bavo been induced to scttlo
upon reservations, to cultlvnto tho soil.
to perform productive labor of varlou3
kinds and to partially accept clvilizi.
Hon.
They nro being cired for In such a
way, it Is hoped as to induce thoso still
pursuing their old hnblls of life to era
braco tho only opportunity which Is
left them to avoid extermination.
l recommend liberal appropriations
to carry out tho Indian peace policy,
not only beciuso it is humane, Chris
tianliko, nud economical; but because
it is right.
i recommend to your ravorablo con
sideration also tho policy of granting
n territorial government to the Indians
in tno Indian Territory, west of Ar
kansas and Missouri, and soulii of Kan
sas. In doing so, overy right guaran
teed to thn Indian by treaty should bo
secured. Such a courso might, in time,
bo tho means of collecting mo3t of tho
Indians now between tbo Missouri and
tho Pacific, and south of tho llritlsh
possessions Into ono Territory or ono
State.
Tho Secretary of tho Interior has
treated upon this subject at length, anil
I commend to you his suggestions.
I renew my recommendation that tho
public lands bo regarded ns a herltngo
to our children, to no disposed oi only
as reiiulred for occupation, nnd to actu
al settlers. Thoso already granted havo
been m trre.it part disposed or in such
a way ns to sectiro access to tno naianco
by tlio hardy settler wlio may wish to
avail himself of them, liut caution
should bo exercised oven In attaining
so deslrablo nn object.
Educational interests may wen bo
served by tho grant of tho proceeds of
tno saio oi puiiuc lands to settlers, l do
not wisli to bo understood as recom
mending in tho least degreo a curtail
ment of what is br ing dono by tho Gen-
e'ral Government for tlieencourageincnt
of education.
Tho report of tho Secretary of the
Interior, submitted wllh tills, will glvo
you all tho Information collected nnd
rcpared lor publication in regard lo
tho census taken during Iho year 1870:
thu operations of tlio ltnn un of Educa
tion for tlio in r ; the Patent Olllcp;
thn Poti'-Ion Ollleii; tlio Land Oitlce:
and tbo Indian Bureau.
The report or thn Commissioner or
Agiicultiiro gives tlio .literal ions of his
Di pirtini nt for llio ye nr.
As agriculture is ttio iM-ouiid won: or
our prosperity, too much Importance
cannot bo attached lo the labors of this
Depirtmi'tit. It is in Iho hands of nu
ublo head, with ub!u n'Mstauts, nil zeal
ously devoted to Introducing into Iho
agricultural productions of tho nation,
all useful prolucls adapted lo nny of
tlio various cllniatos and soils of our
va-t territory, anil to giving 'ill useful
Information ns to tlio method of culti
vation, tlio plants, ceroils, nnd oilier
products adapted to pirtlcular localities.
iiuii'Kiy, nui sureiy, ute Agricultural
Hurcau is working a groat national
good, and if liberally supported, the.
morewineiy us iniiueiifowin no exienn
cd and tho less dependent wo shall be
upon the products ol foreign couutrles.
The subject or compensation lo thu
heads of bureaus and olllcials holding
msltiotis or responsibility, nnd requlr
ng ability and character to fill proper
ly, is ono to which your attention is in
vited. Hut few of tlio olllcials receive
u compensation equal lo tho re-pee'nbln
support or n family, while their duties
are such as to involve inilllonsof inter
est. In private llfo services demnud
compensation uiual lo Iho se rvlcos ren
dered. A wlso economy would dictato
tlio same ruin In tho Government ser
vice. I havo not given thocstluiales for the
support of Government for tho ensuing
year, nor tho comparatives statement
between tho expenditures for tlio year
just passed and tho ono Just preceding,
iiecau-o an meso ugures nro contained
Iu the accompanying reports, or in
thoso presented directly to uongress,
Tliesoestlmates huvo my npprovul.
Moro than six years having elapsed
since the last hostllo gun was tirod be
tween tho armies thon orrayed against
each other, onq for the perpotuatlnn.
tho other for tho destruction of tho
Union, It may woll bo considered
whether It Is not now time that the ills
abilities imposed by tlio fourteenth
amendment should not be removed
That amendment docs not exclude
tho ballot, but only Imposes thu ilKi
bllity to hold oflleos upon certain classes,
When llio nurltv of tho ballot Is so
euro uiPjorllles aro sure to elect olllcers
reflecting tho views of tho majority. I
do not sen tlio advantage or proprloty
of oxcludlt)'' men from olllco merely
because thnv were beforu tho rebellion
of standing and character sulllclunt to
lio elected tu positions requiring lliem
to tako oaths to support uiu inislltti
Hon, and admitting to eligibility tlioso
cnteriiiiuing precisely mo sauiii views
nut in less Hiiiuiiiug iu inuir cominuui.
tins. It may bo said that tho former
violated an oath, whllo tho Niter did
not. Tim hitter did not havo It in their
potior lo do so. If they hud taken,
this until, it cannot bo doubted they
would Iikvo broko.i it ns did tho former
class.
If there nr.! any gtett criminals, dis.
tliigiiislnil nbovo all others fur thu part
thoy took In opposition to llio (Invent
mout, they might, iu the Judgment or
Congress, bo excluded from such i.ii
auini'.sty. Tills BUbJuel Isbiibuiltlod for
vour careful consideration.
Tho condition of tho Southern Slutos
Is, unhappily, not such as nil true pat
riotlc cltiz-'iis would llko to sco. Social
ostracism for opinion's sake, personal
violence or threats towards persons on
tprlalnlng po Itlcat views opposed to
lioso outertnlncd by tho majority of
tbo old cltlzans. prevents Immigration
fw1 10 J T Vf .mucI.' neeJo'- i-'lltl
Into tho States lately In rebellion. It
will bo a happy condition of tho e mu
try when tho old cltlzans or theso States
will tako nn interest in public affairs,
promulgate Ideas honestly n-itprinini
vofo for men renresentlnL' ilmlr vinm
nnd tolerate tho samo freedom of ex
pression nud ballot in thoso entertaining
different political conviction.
Under tho provisions of tho net of
Congress approved February 21, 1871, n
... .... Kutiniiuui. vviia iiiKiiijizuu
in tho District of Columbia. Jts results
havo thus far fullv realized I hn nynnrln-
tlons of Its advocates. Under tho direc
tion of tho Territorial officers, n syslem
of Improvement has been inaugurated,
by moans of which Washington is rapid
ly becoming n city worthy of fh-i na
tion's capital. Tho cltlzons nf fbn hlj.
trlct having voluntarily taxed thorn
selves to n largo amount for tho pit-poso
of contributing to tho adornment of thn
seat of Government. I recommend
liberal appropriations on tho part of
Congress In order that tlio Government
mny hear its Just sliaro of tho expense
of carrying out it Judicious system of
improvemenn
lis' llio L'rnit tiro in Clilenirn. thn most
important of tho Government buildings
In that city wuro consumod. Thoso
burned had tdready become In.vlequato
to tho wants of tho Government In that
growing city, und, looking to tlio near
future, were totally inadequate.
I recommend, therefore, that an ap
propriation bo mado Immediately to
purchase tlio remainder of the sriuaro
on which fho burned buildings stood,
provided it can bo purchasod nt a fair
valuation, or provided that tho LogisH
turo of Illinois will pass n law author
izing Its condemnation for Government
purposes: nud nlso an appropriation of
ns much money ns can properly bo ox-
penneei towards tno erection ot now
buildings during this fiscal year.
Tlio number of immigrants ignorant of
our laws, habits, t-c, coming Into our
country annually has becomo so great,
nnd the impositions practiced upon
mom so numerous ami ingrain, in at i
suggest Congressional action for their
protection. It seems to mo a fair sub
Jcct of legislation by Congress. I can
not, nowstato as ruiiyas i desire, the
nature of tho complaints mado by im
migrants, of tho treatment they receive,
but will endeavor to do so during tho
session of Congress, particularly If tho
subject should receivoyour attention.
It lias been tho aim of tho Adminis
tration toenforco honestyand efficiency
Jn all public offices. Every public ser
vant wno nas violated tno trust piaceu
In him has been proceeded against with
all tho rigor of tho law. If bid men
havo secured places, it has been tho
fault of tho system established by law
nnd custom for making appsintmonts.or
tho fault of thoso who recommend for
Government positions, persons not suf
flcontly well known to them personally,
or who glvo lotters endorsing tho charac
ters of offlco seekcrs without a proper
sense of tho gravo responsibility which
such n courBO devolves upon them.
A civil servlco reform which can cor
rect this nbuso is much desired. In
incrcantllo pursuits tho business man
who gives a letter of recommendation
to n friend, to enable him lo obtain
credit from a stranger, is regarded as
morally responsible for tho Integrity of
his friend nud his ability to meet his
obligations. A reformatory law which
would enforco this principle against all
endorsers of persons for public placo
would insuro great caution In making
recommendations. " A salutary lesson
lias been taught tho careless nnd the
dishonest public servant in llio great
number of prosecutions and convictions
of tlio last two years.
It Is gratifying to notico the favornblo
chango which is taking placo through
out tho country In bringing to punish
ment thoowho havo prove I recreant
to tho trusts confided to them, and in
elevating to public office uor.o but thos.0
who possess the confidence of tlio honest
and Iho vlrtuou?, who, it will always ba
found, comprise tho majority of tho
community in which they live.
1 n my messiigo to Congress ono year
r.go I urgently recommended n, reform
In the civil service of tho country, hi
ciitifoi'i-Hv witli Hint recommendation
Conpies. in tlio nlutli section or "An
act m.il. Ing appropriations lor sun
dry civil expenses cf tho Government
mid for nllier purposcs, " approved
March 3d, 1S71. gavo thu necessary
authority to tho Executive to inaugur
ate n civil servlco reform, and placed
upon him tho responsibility ol doing
so. Under tho authority oi tno said
net 1 con, cued n board of gentlemen
eminently qunlliled for Hid work, to
devlso rules and regulations to elfect
tho needed reform. Their labors am
not yet complete, but li is believed that
they will succeed in devising a plan
which can bo adopted to thn great relief
of tho Executlvo, thx bends of Depart
ments, und members nf Oiugrcss, and
which will redound to th true Inter
est of tho public service. At all ovonts,
tlio oxpeiliiient shall haven fair trial.
I havo thus hastily summed up tho
operations of llio Government during
the last year, and madcstich suggestions
ns occur to ino tn bo pioper lor your
consideration. 1 submit them with a
I'liiilldi'iico that your combined action
will be wise, htati'snuiulikf, and In the
best Interests of tho wholo country.
U r. UllAlNT.
Executive Mansion, 1
December Ith, 1871.
Tub namk"Pe.nnsvi.vania." Tho
origin of tlio name of tho State of Penn
sylvania will bo found iu a letter of
William Poiin, its founder, dated Jan
uary fith, 1031, fiom which tliefollowlng
Is au extract :
"This day, after miny watchlngs,
waitings, snlicltlngs and disputes In
council, my country has been confirm
ed to mo under tho great seal of Eng
land, with largo powers und privileges,
hy the name of Pennsylvania a natno
thokliii vould glvo It In honor of my
father. I choso Now Wales, being a
hilly country ; and when thosecretary,
n Welshmnti, refu-ed to call It Now
ales, I proposed fiylvaula, aud they
milled Poiin to it : though I was much
opposed to It, and went to the king to
havo It struck out. Hes.ild It was past,
aud ho would not tako it upon him;
but I feared it might bo looked upon as
a vanity In me, and not as a respect Iu
tho king to my father, a. It really was."
Guam widows aro highly lavorod In
England. It has been Judiciously do
elded In that tight llllln Island that a
married woman Is eulllled to volo nt
municipal elections, if alio happens lo
bu living apart from her husband. Tlio
law, ns now Interpreted, Is that overy
woman can voto for municipal olllcers
irshoIs.au Independent householder;
'or, having u husband, If she is not un
der bis control ; which puis tho gross
widows on a political fooling with spin
sters and suro-enough widows.
Tin; President's visit to Boston cost
Unit city $170 for gloves and hats, 12,
1)10,72 for "eiilcrluliimeiils," and 1,100,
60 for horso hire.