VOL. II.-NO. a.
BLOOMSBU11G, PA., iFllIDAY, JANXTAUY 17, 186S.
PIUOE FIVE OENTB.
THE COLUMBIAN,
A IDcmocratio NuwHpapor
ii rum.isiiKn r.vr.nv rimiAv moukinu at
lll.OOMSIItltd, PKN.VA.
Tinlprllieliilpiuf tliNtinittrnrrnrilicJcirorivin
lntl Mclmnl nf politic. Tlinso principles will nee
ho ciilnpromtsoil, yet courtesy ami kltulim thai,
not bo forgotten III illicit-slug them, Khcthirullli
lmllvMunls, or with contempornrles of iho l'ross
The ually, lmpplncs,nml prosperity ot Mm mini
try N our nlm nwl objcol; mul ns tho incnin to
nccurutluit, wo shall labor liniicxllyiuulcnrm'stly
for the lmrmouy, sum-ns iiml grow tli of our organ
ization. Tr.nMioKfiMiMi!inioN!-Twci dollars a jenr
If pahl lu nihiiiu-c. If not p.Ul In lutvanco two
tlollnrn nml nny rents will hclnviiilaijIyclmrKril.
Teiims or AtivciiTiii.vo :-()nc qunrodcii Unci
or less) ono or threo Insertions 81,.W; cacliMibse
qucnt Insertion GO cuils.
lsi. V.M. 3m. Cm. lv.
81(H) S.'l.OO fl.ln) $0,(i0 511,1)0
.1,0) fiM (i,()0 ,lfl 11,01)
5,no 7,00 ,nu l'-V) I'.no
(i.iio K" m. 11,00 9),no
1(1,(10 120 15,00 :,() V1
lj,() H,'") -IV") V") Ol,"'
Kxecutor'H nud Administrator' Xotleo 8.'),')); Au
ditor's Notlco 8-.V). Other lulvertlsctncnts Inser
ted according to upeclal contract,
lluslncHs notices, without luHcrtlselncnt, twenty
centii per line.
Transient advertisements p.)3:iblo Inndvance
nil others duo niter tho first lnserllon.
It Is, In all case t, more likely to bo satisfac
tory, both to (subscribers and to Iho rutillsbers,
that remittances and nil communications respect
ing tho business of tho paper, bo sent direct to the
ofllco of publication. All letteis, whether relating
to tho editorial or business concerns of tho paper,
nml all payments for subscriptions, advertising,
or Jobbing, nro to bo in.uluto and addressed
imocKW'AY a i'iii:i:zi:,
"CWiimMai Offlcr,"
lll.ooMsncit, l'.l.
rrlnleil nt noliisou'H llulldlngs, near the Court
House, by Cll.ls. M, Vandkusi.k y,
1'KANK It. HNHiEIC.
KI'ACK.
Onesqimio...
Two squares....
Threo squares,
l-'our squaris..
Half column,.,
Ono column....
September :i, 1?00
HecclPts lii fund for Venr
ending Sept. It, 1SC7
S2.7fl'J,:i5l 77
.l1!)"j,8IO 07
Disbursements:
Paid Interest... a,r.7-i,:i.l(X .V.
Loans redeem
ed 1,7111,00!) Jin
Premiums 27,"i til)
Domestic cred
itors ' 7"i 00
O.liw.to:! 10
fliofiV) or.
Hatnucnlii fund I,7.'I7,!)I2 II
lly tlio sixth section of tho net of Mnv
10, i01. n special tax of one-half mill
on the dollar witscspcclnlly sot apart for
tho payment of (ho Interest, and re
demption of tin- loan created hy an net
of May is, 1SC1, entitled "An Act to
create n lo.in and provide for arming
the State."
Tlio receipts for said tax
and tux on gross re
ceipts nniotinls w J1S0.17S 17
Interest paid In February
and August, 1807 10!l,2i:. 00
Iialaneo on band 31l,!i:l.'l 17
Piibllcdebt.Nnv.W), 1807 $111,700,131
Assets In Treasury, viz:
Honds of tbu
Pennsylvania
Jt. it. Co.,.. ifi,r,oo,ooo oo
Honds of tho
Philadelphia
&Krlolt.H.Coa,oiiO,OiKl 00
Inst.on bondsof
Phila. A Drio
It. It. Co. 1,100,000 00
Cash In Treas
ury l,7il,'..-,7 (II
l;!,l2;t,8.-.7 ill
GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE,
7b the Senate and Ilonna of Jlcircien
tatlvcs of the Commonwealth of Venn
lylvania :
GENTia:Mi:x:l"efnro performing tho
customary and constitutional duty of
transmitting to you Information of tho
affairs of tho Commonwealth, and re
commending such measures to your con
sideration ns tiro deemed necessary and
expedient, It nlwrds mo great gratifica
tion to tender to you iny most friendly
greetings on your assembling nt the
Seat of (ioverniuent, and to welcome
you to tho council chambers of tho State.
Our great fill acknowledgments me
duo to the Hcnotlcent Author of nil good
lor the continued prosperity and well
being which every where prevails, for
tho abundance which lmf crowned tho
bibors of tho husbandman, for the gen
eral health with which wo have been so
signally favored, and for all tho enjoy
ments ofpeace, contentment, and hap
piness within our borders.
Our country has just emerged from
tliis trluls mid ilaiiL'er.s of an tturlifrilcous
rebellion and entered upon a period of
important poutlcalstruggienrismgiucro
from. Ileing convened us tlio represen
tatives of a confiding constituency,
grave, dutlesnnd responslbilltiesdevolve
unon vou to so U'L'Ulato upon tho great
and manifold Interests committed to
your ciiargo as beat to subserve tlio wel
fare of tho people and advance the hon
or of tho State. Tho fullest confidence
u mifoi'tnliicil tli.it vonr deliberations
will result beneficially and your public
duties lie ralthlully (llscliargeit ; mm on
mi nart. nermit mo to ulvo vou assur
ances of zealous co-operation in all your
labori calculated to promote the general
welluro.
I'lNANlIlS.
One of tho most important duties do
vnlvincr mion tlio .ei'lslatui'o is tho con
Hlderalion of tho public llnances. Such
notion should ho taken fur the provision
nf funds to defrav tho current e.tneiises
of tho tlovornment, tho pre-ervatloii of
the credit ol the tonimonweaiin, aim
i in, cni'i'ik' pxtliiL'ulshniont of tho nub
ile ibdit. us circumstances shall be found
to reiinlre. Tlieso objects aro of tliu
lilo-bpst Imnortanco and chum tliu llrt
attention of tho Kepreteutatives of the
people.
Tho report of tho Slate
Treasurer shows that
tho balancoin theTrea-
Miry Nov. !!0, 1800, was $1,711,0.!:! 7
Ordinary receipts tuiring
tlio fiscal year ending
November W), 1807 B,12:J,!!:10 0
Lonn for the redemntloii
of thoover-tluo bonds... l!:),000,000 00
Denrec alet liliuis in mo
Treasury, unavailable.. 41,(132 00
Total In Treasury for lis
cal year ending Nov.
30, 1807
Payments viz:
Ordinary expenscsd tiring
tho fiscal yenr ending
November 30, 1607
Loans, Ac., redeemed
Doprecluted funds, mm.
vutlublo
Iialaneo in Treasury No
vember 30, 1807
Of which tho Treasurer
reports ns applicablo to
thopaymcnt ofoverduo
loans tho sum of.
Iialaneo
Amount of the State debt
on Nov. 30
Funded debt, viz:
fi per cent, loans
fi per cent, loans
4J per cent, loan"
Unfunded debt, viz:
llcllef notes In circulation
Interest certificates out
standing Interest certificates
unclaimed
Domestic creditors' certificates
3(J,2a,3y5 31
l,.p)3,(i!)0 0!)
0,018,82!) S'J
11,032 00
23,fl 13,G."8 88
4,0G1,1 40
2,037,078 fi.5
1,723,8:7 01
f:M,B22.0S2 10
2V1I1,I80 00
'12,10l,02.'i 20
175,000 00
Liabilities In excess of as
sets 2t,OI2,.-i73 31
Tho above assets will bo available as
follows :
lly the act of May 10, IMil, tho Penn
sylvania railroad company are to pay on
tho above bonds, 4100,000 a year until
July 31, lsno, when one million of tlio
residue, shall fall due, and one million
annually thereafter, without Interest,
until the whole Is paid, which will bo
In the year lb'JI.
I!y tlio act of March 7, lOI, tho $3,
.100,000 of bonds of tho Philadelphia A
Krlo railroad woro surrendered to that
company, upon tho deposit of four mil
lions of dollars of their bonds as collat
eral security for tho payment of tho
original bonds, and a mortgage of four
minions of dollars was also given by
the company to secure their payment.
These bonds are to be paid in forty years
lrom (lute ot issue, anil will mature A. i.
11)111.
There Is always a discrepancy in an
nouncing tho reduction of UioStatodebt,
between tho annual proclamation of the
Governor and report of the Statu Treas
urer, ari'ing irom inu nicitnai me sinn
ing fund year terminates on tho llrst
Monday in .September, and tliu llcal
vear of tho Treasury on the Ootli of No
vember. To prevent complications of
accounts anil annual explanations i re
commend that the termination of tho
sinking fund year bo made the sumo its
that ol tlio Treasury.
The lM-omntitudo with which citizens
of Pennsylvania canto forward last April
nnd took the wholonmout't of tho twen-
tliree million loan, (tho nlrtstielnglor
iiwards of thlrty-threu millions,) nicy
bo considered a most auspicious elteuiu
stance, in tho financial history ol tho
State. Tind indicates unbounded conll
deiieoln tho trood faith nnd substantial
credit of tho Commonwealth. The fore
uoliiir statement of the llnances Is set
lorlli Willi pleasure, in eoneiiuencu oi
their nourishing condition.
In addition thereto, the balance In la
vor of the (ieueral Uovernmeut lor
nn-vlvam.vs iiuota ol tho direct tax
levied In the several States for war pur-no-es
and for cash from the United
States, amounting, in all, to marly two
millions ol dollurs lias neon settled in
full hv the n lowanco of claims for ex
traordlnury expenses Incurred by the
State (lurlnc tlio war.
In consequence or the lapse ol time
luce tho remaining claims wero con
tracted, tho want ol sulllcient vouchers
anil explanations; and tlio diincmiy oi
finding tho parties, some of them being
dead by whom they should bo made,
render their settlement dimcult, and in
many instances, doubtful, tho ncconi-
plisnmeill oi wuicii win, uowever, no
vigorously pursued and the reults laid
before, the Legislature.
Passing from this general review oi
tho llnances or tho State, I cannot per
mit some of tho most prominent ideas
connected with them to pass unnoticed
because they clearly Indicate tho path
of duty in tlio discharge of tho Kxeeu-
livoirust. u is tieemeti proper to can
your attention to tho fact that during
tlio entire year a very largo sum of
money is in the keeping of tho State
Treasurer. This sum has not at any
11 mu for years been less than a million of
dollars, and at present amounts to con-
-mommy over lour minions oi itoiiars.
That It Is unnecessary that tho greater
portion of tills money should bo kept In
tho Treasury to meet the ordinary do
mauds upon It is obvious; and thai it
should bo withdrawn from circulation is
certainly n detriment to tho business of
tlio community, a contraction io too
amount of several millions, its at pres
ent, cannot mil to mnuo its impression
upon tiio-e engage it in mercantile manu
facturing, agricultural, mining, and all
other kinds of employments. This mon
ey, l ntu lnioriueii upon goott ainnoi i-
ty, can uo loaned, wiui nmpio security
lor Its repayment when needed, for
certain specilled perlods,ut a reasonable
rateot interest, and tno proceeds piaceu
in tlio Treasury for tho benefit of tho
State, which would not only ho bono-
liciiuio mo tax-payers, oy increasing
tho public revenue, but also eulnrgotho
accommodations for business purposes. I f
tills plan wero adopted, tho withdrawal
of tho circulating medium, by tho pay.
mum oi mxes, would no so unci inai it
would not materially all'ect tbu public
weiiure. u no itiiiti inns ucmurod coiim
bo added to tho sinking funil.nnd would
muterlully ttld In the reduction of tho
State debt.
A glance at the condition of tliu
Treasury will show that at least four
minions oi dollars migni now no loan
ed, and at four per cent, would realize tlio
haiid-omu sum of $100,000 per annum.
Or nearly the wliolu amount of tlio bal
ance now in tlio Treasury might ho ren
dered productive ny neing invested in
tho bondsof tlio Stnto bearing six per
cent Interest, oven though purchased at
iindertbo present system of plncing.uii
conditionally, tho entire funds of tho
Statu In bis bands. Tho only security
Is tho Incorruptible honesty and Integri
ty of tho Treasurer. Suppose that when
thcrelsln hlskceping millions of dollars
tho incumbent ot that ofllco should bo
tempted to become u defaulter! How
easily could ho seeuro to Ills bondsmen
tlio amount for which they would legal
ly bo liable to tlieStato and upproprlato
tho balunco to himself I Tor years, It
seems to me. tho Treasury of the Statu
nas stood, as it wero, upon a volcano.
Kvamplcs nil around us show tho falli
bility ofmun. anil bow frnmi.tiiK- I
easily ho Is swerved from tho path of
reciiitiuo nun Honor. liven many of
tbo-u 111 the most elevated iiiisltlnnsnml
enjoying the highest confidence of the
piimic, aroorien loutid to yield to tho
temntallons that surround them. Tin.
delro for the rapid accumulation of
Wealth : thu thousands of schemes nro.
scnted to excito tlio cupidity of human
nature, aim mo looseness ol puiilic mor
als, engendered by tliu e-capu of tlio
guilty from punishment, huvu so demor
alized public sentiment that It may bo
considered a wonder almost a inlruclu
that Pennsylvania bassolongescaped
from tho calamity that might nt any
time have hadnened. or that may here-
after happen, hy tho robbery of her
treasury, anil lender tlio suspension of
tho payment of tlio Interest upon tho
State debt, for it time, Inevitable.
in iiioperiormuncuni my iiuty.l liavo
forewarned thu Legislature of ailanger.
as respects her finances, of no common
Magnitude, it remains lor it to deter
mine whether lids danger shall he avert
ed hy prompt and clllclent legislation
mid the Treasury guarded against tho
occurrence of so great a calamity.
KDUOATIO.V.
$87,o!)0,20.'i
' 90,(525
13,080 C2
1,148 3s
II 07
11I.E0I f7
Total outstanding H7,70l,ldl
l'rom which deduct tho
amount In Trcuuurynp- s
pllcable to thopaymcnt
of over-duo loans i!,n37,!i78
31,700,131
Amount redeemeddnrlng
fiscal year ending Nov.
30. 1807 8M.020
That the operations of the sinking
fund may bo clearly understood, tlio
lollowing " iccapltniatlon " is ipinu
irom tno report oi tno i oiumissionc
for the year ending September 3, 1807
isnwiR'0 in tunuinir itinti,
nry I, lo Dec, I, 1807... 30t,l20 02 to tlio Slate. Tho Legislature", availing and dcposU "them in iho snmo tomb
212,073 00
Tho report of tlio Superintendent of
tho Common Schools exhibit a full
view of our excellent system of public
Instruction, which Is widely dllluiiig
lis blessing by securing u sound and sub
stantial education to all the children of
the State. A brief summary will give
an Idea of the Immense proportions it
has attained and tho vast aniotit of use
fulness of which It is capable,
At tno close oi me year tno uumiieror
school districts in the State was 1,8SJ:
the number of schools, 13, 135; graded
chools, 2,1 17: school directors, 11,531
county, city and borough siiperiuten-1
dents, 0s, teachers,IO,52:!;iuplls,7sO,3s!);
the cost oi tition.S3.028.ouo 70: on li llntr.
$1,202,70S (In; contingencies, $700 075 33;
tuition, nulldiug.aud contlugencies.M,-
081,530 71; and the amount expended
for all purposes relating to schools, ,-
100,7.)U 17.
t our attention is particularly Invited
to tlio want of uniformity and coostant
change of books In tho public schools.
These nro matters of serioWInconven-
ience and needless expense to tho poor
and mighty easily bo remedied by judi
cious legislation.
rhecbiet aim of our system of com
mon schools It to placo tho advantages
of an education within thu leacii of nil
the children ot tlieLoiiimon wealllijuml
when It is considered mat intelligence
and virtue aro tho principal safeguards
of our free Institutions, .this system
earnestly claims the fostrrlng care and
wlsu guidance of Iho Legislature.
The iiradod schools huvu largely in
creased during tlio past year. Tho
system established by tho State was
designed, not only to furnish instruc
tion to our youth in tins elements of
knowledge, but wherever prucllcbalo,
to Imparl to them tin education in tlio
higher branches of learning. The mul
tiplication of grummnrtmd high schools
should, therefore, receive every encour
agement, for they aro necessary to per
fect the system ami enable tho Statu to
avail itself ofthat talent which Is bom
in tlio cottages of the poor quite us fre
iptently as in the palaces of tho l icit.
(lood schools cannut exist without
good teachers, mid good teachers can on
ly bo obtained by using the proper means
to prepare them. Recognizing these
facts, thu Legislature of 1857 passed a
general Noimal school law.dlvidliig tho
State into twelve districts, and look
ing forwatd to thu establishment, in
each of them, of a Normal school. Ac
cording to Ihoprovislotisof thlslaw four
of tbe-e schools me now orgtiulzid, the
prosperous condition of which is exem
plilled by the fact tliattwothoii-aud ono
hundred ami eighty-live students atten
ded them during tho past yeur.of whom
forty-six graduated.
l'ouiteeu colleges and thirty-two
academies have made reports to the
School Department during Iho (Cist
year. Such Institutions supply a great
ptiblli want, as thu common school sys
tem Is not competent lo perform tho
whole work of nonular education. A
State requires men of generous culture
in all the walks of life, us well as in tbu
profession of teaching, and tho perfec
tion of tho sy.slein of public school in
struction is ono of the wisest and nohlest
objects of legislation. All of the dillcr
ent Institutions, of learning would he
strengthened and their usefulness In
creased by bringing them together in a
closer union, which posslhlyean be best
accomplished by tlio creation of a gener
al Dopaicinonl of Kdiicatiou.
Serious complaints have been mado
concerning tlio neglect of thu uliicution
of tho children in thu alms and poor
hou-es of so'no of thu counties of tlio
State. They nro permitted to grow up
in Idleness mid ignoniuco.undwheu Pent
upon tho world lo earn it livlngare bet-
ler prepared to receive lessons oi vice
than those of usefulness. Tho directors
of thoso institutions should be compell
ed, by law, to send such children to tho
common schools, or provide proper
school for them, null it should be mado
tho duty of common school superinten
dents to supervise and enforce the exe
cution of the law.
Kor.Diinu' oiu'iiaxs' pcnoor.s.
Tlio last annual report of tbu Super
intendent of tho Soldiers' Orphans'
Schools was Hindu up lo IncluilothoSOth
of November, 1600. Tho appropriation
for that year, extending from January
I, 1800, to January 1, 1807, was iti-.nl-llcent
to cuver tho expenses of the
whole year, and consequently thoso
of December, 1800 weru unpaid. Tlio
next appropriation, under the present
law, extends from January 1, 107, to
Juno I, isos, It was therefore deter
mined that Micro was no legal ailinuriiy
to apply
nr oviionsi
hence thoso Incurred in December, 1800,
amounting to $31,010,77, remain unpaid.
Hon. Thomas ll, lltirrows, who was
The expenses for the six months, fiom
December I, 1807, to Juno 1, 180s, nro
estimated by thoStiperliitcndent, ns fol
lows :
l'ducatlon and mainten
ance or 1,850 children,
In advnnc"d schools, at
$1 10 per nullum $120,500 00
Education nnd mainten
ance for 500 children In
primary schools, tit
$l25.perniinuni 31,250,00
l'ducatlon and mainten
ance of 1,050 children
lu "Homes," nt $105 .
per annum 55,125 00
Clothing 1,850 children,
tit $25 per annum 23,125 00
Transferring pupils, sala
ries, etc 3,075 00
Estimate for six months,
eliding Juno 1, 1S0S
Total actual and estimat
ed expenses for seven
teen month", from Jan.
1, 1S07, to June I, 1S(W.
Orttt thu rate of. 1 10,025
80 pernniium.
l'rom which deduct total
amount appropriated
for seventeen months,
nt $350,000 per annum.
And a deficit for seven
teen mouths is shown,
of.
Or at tlio rate of $00,025
80 per annum.
Add the amount due for
December 1800
And It exhibits the total
deficit from December
t, 1800, to Juno 1, IS0S,
to 1)0 provided for by
special appropriation...
$037,305 02
I05.S33 33
111,501 00
31,019 77
172,011 10
I do not deem It Inappropriate hero
to state that if thu hill which pa-sed tho
IIou-o at the last session had become a
law, making an appropriation of 150,
000 per annum for tlio Orphans' schools
it would have ben sulllcient to have
paid the total expenses.
Tho estimates for tliu year wndlng
Junol, 1800, will be found fully set
forth lu tho report of the .Superintend
ent, l'rom that report It will also bu
seen that there aro lu operation thirty
nine Orphan schoolsand homes, having
In charge tin average of two thousand
nlno hundred and thirty-one pupils, for
thu year ending November 30, 1807, nt
an nvcrago cost of one hundred and forty-eight
dollars and forty-throe cents
per annum.
Tiiesu schools have doubtless reached
their maximum nuinbers-slxteen years
being tlio ago at which the Orphans
cease to bo chargeable to the State, and
they will hencelorward decrea-o in tho
following ratio, viz: 371 will reach that
age lu 180s, 320 in 1800, 318 lu 1870, 103
ill ts.T1 ITU III IC-7 Kill ll, ICT'I lilt ll.
1871, and 311 in 1875, after which thuru
probably not bo more than (ioo re
maining in tho schools. Should tho
term bo reduced to fifteen years, as has
uecu proposed oy some, limy ono-niin
of the number now lu tlio schools would
enter upon trades or Inislne-s within
tin; present year.
No calculation can furnish an estimate
, of the benellts and blessings that aie
! constantly flowing from tlieso Institu
tions. Thousands of orphan children
tire enjoying their parental care, moral
.....I ...I ft I -..!.. I...- ...I.
llllllll-, ! ,-llllltl lllllHll llilllllll, l IIU
otherwise would huvu suffered poverty
and want, and been left to grow up in
Idleness and neglect. Many a widow's
heart has been gladdened by the protec
tion, comfort, and' leligious solicitude
extended to hur fatherless offspring, and
tlmuands are the prayers devoutly ut
tered for those who huvo not been un
mindful of them In tlio time of their af
fliction. In making tiio generous dis
position it has done for tlieso destitute
and helpless orphans, thu Legislature
deserves and receives tliu heartiest
thanks of every gpod citizen, all of
whom will cordially approve n continu
ance of that hencliecncw. In shielding,
protecting, mid educating tbo children
of our dead soldiers, tlio Legislature Is
nobly performing Its duty. Tliosu chil
dren are not the mere objects of our
charity or pensioners upon our bounty;
but tho ward of tho Commonwealth,
and hnvo Just claims, earned by tlio
blood of their fathers, upon Its support
nnd guardianship, which can only bu
witheld at tlio sacrlfco of philanthropy,
honor, patriotisiii,Stutoprido,uiid every
principlu of humanity.
AOIHUl'l.Tl 11AI, COt.I.Kfli:.
The act of Congress of July 2, 1S02,
granted land scrip to tho several States
to bo impropriated to tho maintenance
of colleges, who-o leading object it shall
bo to give Instruction in tlio sciences
which minister to agriculture mid tho
mechanic arts, lly thu rulu of appor
tionment, adopted by Congress, 700,000
acres fell to thoshnroof this Common
wealth. Tho Act ot Assembly of Feb
ruary 10. 1807, appropriated tho henellt
of tho wholo of that grant to the Agri
cultural College of Pennsylvania, which
has thereby become subject to tho super
vision nnd guardianship of tho Slato. I
therefore Invito your attention to tho or
ganization and condition of that insti
tution, as exhibited by tho President of
tno noani oi trustees, in ins report lor
the yenr 1807. which will bo laid before
vou. Tho commissioners unpointed bv
the Legislature to sell tho hind scrip
bavecompleted tlio sales, wbicbamoimt
to $130,180 80. In accordance with tho
act of Assemby, tho one-tenth of tho
proceeds has been applied to tbo pur-
tnasu oi sues lor "Aiotiei ami t.xperi.
mental 1'iirms." and tho residue hives.
ed as follows i $120,000 In L'nlted Slates
5-20 bonds; $20,000 in Pennsylvania
Wir loan, nnd $23),000 lu tliu rennyi
vania uontis oi J8U7.
Tim cnllno'n hits lionn f linrnnirhli rpor
ganl.ed In order to mako it fully res
pond to tho objects mid requirements of
tlio act of Congress and to tlio educa
tional Interests of thu industrial classes,
and to meet thoso ends It now gives
courses, of Instruction in general science,
agriculture, mechanical nml civil en
gineering, metallurgy and mining, un
dent and modern languages, ami mili
tary tactics, employing a faculty com
itself of these fuels, should nilntit n III.
oral and effective system for increasing
nnd regulating tho volunteer militia.
I ho law of 1801, Humph excellent lu
ninny respect, does not meet tho re
quirements orthot!iucs,nnd aberrations
and amendments, nro needed before It
can accomplish nil the contemplated
and dc-lred objects. Tho minimum of
men necessary to form n cnmiiniii- u im.
tlrely too high, nnd in many places
where, Btnnller comtniiles would be
formed. It Is ItntlOfsllllo lo rnltn thorn
In accordance with thoratloefnblshod
b.V thu act. l'rom thn rennrl nftlui Ail.
Jiitant (Ieueral, It will' bo seen that
mere nro now nut llilrty-elght uniform
ed companies lu the State, comprising
only about three thousand men, whilst
tho suggested amendments, which
should be made as curly as possible,
would increase tlie-o organizations to
any desirable extent, ami tend to renew
and keep alive in our soldiers tho proud
memories of the service and toprescrvo
tho military ardor horn of our rrs'i'Mt
struggle fur national oxNtuncc.
Nf.W AI'.SX.VAl,.
Tho necessity for n new nr.spiinl. nf.
fording a nlacu of snfu deposit for nrd.
iiunce, ord nance stores, mid a maga
zine, Is so obvious in to require nothing
more on my part than to cull votir at
tention lo tho Sllbleet. and to nst; Hint
fiuthorlty bo given and an appropria
tion niaoo lor mo purcnnsooi a situ and
tbo erection of suitable buildings for
the purpose indicated.
HHYXOLDS MONl'.MUN'T.
Agreeably lo tho renulrements nf tho
net of Assembly, entitled, "An Act to
iiutboflzo thu liovernor to transfer lo
tno iteynolds Monument Committee
unservfcnhlo ami condemned ord
nance," approved March 7. 1S07, I
caused thu ordnanco in thoarsennl to bo
in-pecled, and turned over to tlio Com
mittee, for the mirnnsn lllllll'lltill. Ilvnl
condemned slx-pouuder brass cannon,
weighing In tlio aggregate threo thous
and seven hundred and furtv-oltrht
pounds.
iiixtou.
Ill 1801 tho Legislature m.idri mi no.
proprlntlcit for tho jimpo-o of having
prcparetl and published a completo his
tory of tho military operations of tho
State in reference to tho lato war. My
predecessor appointed Samuel P. Date--,
esq., for tho purpose of comstimmatlng
tho provisions ofthat net, who proceed
ed toeollect the necessary materials nnd
to prosecute tho work.
Although thu country has again been
restored to peace, tbo people continue to
icci a deep interest Hi nil mat relates to
tho struggle which so recently con
vulsed tho nation. In the prosecution
of tliu war Pennsylvania, always among
thu first to answer tho country's call,
gave additional evldeneeof her devotion
to llherty and tho nntiou's glory. Over
three hundred nndsixty.tbou-and of her
sons stood in tbo ranks of tho Union
army. Many have fa en. and nearlv
tinny tlinti-and hy wounds and disna-u
leeched on tho Held, repo-e In death.
lo commemorate their heroism, to
preserve their names, mid perpetuate
tho record of their deeds nroamoiig the
objects of the work in progress. In Its
pages will be found an account of each
nnd every military organization of thu
State; the olllcers nnd men of whom
lliey were composed ; tho naino ofevery
iiiiiiYiiiuai, wiiu nis puce oi residence
time of muster, dale of discharge, am
the special acts by which he wasdistln.
giiishcd, as well of tlio dead as those
wno liavohtirviveil.
TKAXsI'OIlT TIOX IllIPAItrMKNT.
Tlio Department of Transportation,
cil.uuu luiniiLT llio war. nus nccntn.
iiisneii us purpose, and ceased lo exist
i.vtho determination of thn I.eclslnfnrii
expre.-sed hi tho appropriation hill, an-
iiiuvcd iiirn ii, inn, tiio report or
inu oiipeiiiiieiiueni. snows mm lor tne
year ending November 30. 1807. the
wholo number of claims settled and
paid was eluht hundred niidolchtv.twii.
1'heso were for tho disinterment of (lie
Doilies Ol deceased Pennsv van n snl
(Hers on distant battle-fields and trans
portation lolhehoines of their relatives,
nml thu total expenditures were lltlrty-
iii iiioiismui uvuiiiiniircd ami tinny,
nlno dollars and forty cents. There ro.
main unsettled ono iiint ret land twenty
threo claims, amounting to about four
thousand dollars, for the payment of
which ami sumo mifeit ed transnorlu-
tiou, an appropriation of four thousand
uvo limn rent o ars w io reou rei .
All tho papers and business of tho De
partment huvo been transferred to tho
oiiico oi the Adjutant cieucrnl.
statu Atmxcv.
During tho war n Stain Agency, for
inu examination, adjustment, nun col
lection, free of oxpen-e, of military
claims, was established at Washington
ior tiio maintenance oi wlilcu the Lei
l-lature, with coinmendablo liberality,
has annually nindethe neeos-nry appio
piintions.
In January last, Col. Juhu II. Stew
art uf Allegheny county was appointed
Agent, and Lieutenant Colonel Win. A.
Cook. Assistant. After a faithful and
oluclont performance of its duties until
31st of October, Col. Stewart resigned
lu cou-equoneu ot domestic ntllietions,
when Colonel Cook was promoted to 111!
tne position, mm Lieutenant inionei J
i ope mil appointed As-isiuiii.
During tlio yenr ending December 1
1807,onu thousand seven hundred ami
eighteen claims have been settled, and
three hundred nnd twenty-ono Treas.
with tho patriotic men who saorKlpeil
their lives lu buttling Tor "tho right
against the wrong.'' Yet It Is proposed
that tho loyal States construct cemeter
ies for their heroic dead, nml then
desecrate them by the burial therein of
tnosu Who prosecuted ngniiist the coun
try n warfare which for Its diabolical
ferocity Is without n parallel In tlio
history of civilization, and even to
erect monuments to their memory.
Curry out thjs purpose nnd what In
ducement can bo hereafter oll'ered to
tho loyal citizen to light against treason
when ho feels assured that should ho
fall In battle tbo traitor's grave will
bo honored equally with his own.
Tho cauo of tho Union wns n holi'
one, while that which opposed It must
havu been Its converse. To one sldo
nlono the glory belongs. This was not
a wnroi nations, out or treason against
loyalty. It was a contest of rebels who
would have drained tbo life's blood of
tho government which had nurtured
nnd protected them, against its pat
riotic sons who fought to save it from
destruction. It was a war carried on
bj tbo defenders and promoters of op
pression against tho friends and lovers
of llherty and their country's Integrity.
While there Is no reasonable objec
tion to giving decent sepulture oven to
the rebel dead, those who consider them
deserving of honorable testimonials
may bestow them. Jt Is our duty to
render honor only to whom wo bellevo
honor Is due.
Mo.NTMiixT to r.ci:ARi:i) soi,Mi:its or
THU .MIIXR'AX WAIt.
The commissioner) appointed under
nil net of tlio Legislature, approved
"ipril 22. 1858. "to contract for. nnd su
perintend the erection of it monument
to tlio memory of citizens of Pennsyl
vania who wero slain or lo.st their lives
lu the lute war with Mexico," have con
tracted for the erection of a monument,
lu a prominent Portion of tbu C.initol
grounds, nnd tho work is progressing as
rupiitiy us circumstances will permit.
The appropriation of 80.000 to which
the commissioners' aie limited, lb Inndu-
quale ior tno ooject contemplated. Tho
lowest bid for the contract wns$s,2oo.
I Join tlio commissioners, therefore, in
requesting mi additional appropriation
ol three tliou-aiul dollars, to beii-ed.or
so much thereof as may boneces-ary, to
compu te uiw liniieritiKing.
uur patriotism will douhtless give a
favorable response to this request, anil
the enlightened people of tlte Common
wealth, ri-lng above selllsli and partisan
feelings, will sanction such expenditure
for tho erection of this bnnurnblo me
mento. A State that bus been prodigal
of her millions in tho employment of
nor puysicui resources ami m tiio per-
lurmnuce oi every nolile amldlsluterest-
?, i ,ri o 1 i , i l , , i t ' ix professors nil two instruct.
, M 1 i,i, ' . , sot I "M lu tho college department mid three
1 ' 1.. . '". L '.In.' Instructors in tbo grammar school.
co'sor, continued in omco until .nay i,
107, when, under thu act ol April o,
lht7. 1 appointed Colonel (leorgu I'.
it premium. Or, it might bo Invested nppolntedSuperliiteudent by my pivdc
ill Dinted Mines interest nenring nouns
which would lie available at any mo
ment ii necessity might urisu for tho no
of tlio funds. If that ninount wero ex
changed at par for United Slates ten- ('uriifortli, Inspector nnd Lxuiiiluer.nnd
loi iv iioims, Hearing uvo per com, line- .urs. iv. n . mum-i , .i-iiiuiiii, im
o-t in gold, tho product would bu at tliu once entered upon tlio dischurgoof their
rate oi y 10,0111 per annum, in gom, or, iitiues uj- visuuig nun iimiikiiiuiiik un
lit tlio present value of gold, $200,000 in I schools, coit'octing nbu-es which hail
currency, llcsldos, tho Hinds wouldnot , crept Into tho local management ofsomo
become "depreciated and unavailable" of them, mid In settling arrearages,
by long eontlntiancn lu the Treasury, which was dono with zeal, fidelity, nnd
A law lor this purpose could bo passed, eonimendalilo promptitude,
specifying the method by which the im-1 Tho present Superintendent reports
needed money of the Treasury may bo the expenditures for tho eleven mouths
luaned.aiilhorlzlngiiuileinpoweriiigtho ending November 30, 1807, as follows:
SttitoTroasiiier, nml such others as you 'Muc.itlon and maliiteu-
ury ctjrtlllcates collected, amounting to
$2il,00y,l3. Two thousand ono hundred
mid tweiity-nuie new cases remain tin
settled, the most of which will nrobu
lily beseltled by thoiiOtli of June next
at' which period tho appropriation tor
initiates. When tills is exhausted tho
Department ulll havo doubtle.-s fiilllll-
ed Us luts-lon, nnd the documents nnd
papers can no truitrierrcii to tno Atijn
tnnt ucncrai s oiuce.
limy designate, lo execute, or curry out,
Its provisions,
Your attention is also Invited to thu
fact that thu salary of tlio Statu Tmisii
iur,iioW()iily seventeen hundred dollar,
unci)
Partial relief
Clothing furiil-heil l,Us.s
children, In advanced
schools,.
Is entirely ilisproportloned to thodutles Making nnd repairing
and responsibilities of that olllcer, mid ' clotbini', freight, etc,.,
that tho amount of the bond, eighty (ieueral expenses
.1 1 .I..II ..I I... I.l... ."!...
I UlUllSmiU UOIIUIS, KIM 11 l'.l Jltlll iu uio
I State, Is equivalent to no security at all, ' Total umoiint from Jami-
$311,88!) 85
210 00
37,187 83
R.350 71
11,781 00
This Important educational enterprise
interest oi ngricueiuru unit tne medium
cal arts de.-erves favorable consideration.
Mll.lT.MlV.
An adequate preparation In tlmo of
peace is a preservative against the prob
abilities anil contingencies of war. This
oft repented axiom was not sulllciently
realized before thu rebellion, for when
it lirolionut,it found tho nation wholly
unprepared. Had It been otherwise,
tbu war which continued through u pe
riod of four years, and cost the country
millions of treasure, hundreds of thous
ands of lives, ami an incalculable
amount of siitl'orlug and want, would
havo been of comparatively short dura
tion, If not crushed lu Its Inciplencv.
Thutwar, however, bus not been with
out Its useful lessons, It bus taught the
necessity of iidheilng to principles In
practice which wo huvo heretofore only
acknowledged In theory. It bus trained
many thousands of our young men lu
tho science of arms and Infused among
them a spirit of military tirdnr which
may safely bo relied on lu any fuliiio
i r..Mi:Tr.itu:s.
Tho reports of the commissioners up
pointed under thunct of March 12. 18G7
to Investigate tho transactions relating
lo certain cemeteries are nerewiiii pre
scnted,
Tho work at the Gettysburg cemetery
is progressing, nut wun less expedition
than was coiitennilalud. ill coiisenuenco
of t lie dllllcully ol procuring such blocks
oi marine as were required ior statuary.
The appropriation of three thousand
dollars to the cemetery at Autlettmi has
Ineii withheld, as it appears from tho
act of Incorporation by thu legislature
of Maryland and tbo resolutions of tbo
lill.lllllfl IHIHll-, lllill IIIU IllJUi iii-mi
are to bo Interred within the enclosure
mid to bo honored Willi tho jiuino me
mortals as tho I nlon soldlerns who me
tbero buried, "
Tbo custom lmsover prevailed to spe
cially honor those lu death who won
special honor hy meritorious lives, Tho
monuments' roared lo tho ineinury of
departed wortli bear aniplu testimony
that our people have not been unmind
ful of this custom, Hut wheru wero
such memorials over erected for men
whose nets wero infamous, nml who
perished In mi Ignoblo cause? Who
would glorify tho treason of lionodlct
Arnold with such monuments' as huvo
arisen to the memory of Washington?
Who would ilnro to Insult tbo loyal
heart of tills nation by proposing to
lay, sidu by side, lu the samu sepulchre,
tho body of thoussusiu llootli mul that
of Abraham Lincoln? No loyal iiiuti
would tiiko tliu heartless Wlrz and the
other demons that presided over tlio
ed act which philunthrophy could stig
gest.cannot forget her gallant sons whoso
sufferings and tacrillces for their country
havu never been fully appreciated, and
whose remains reposo among strangers,
in ti loreign latin, witnouiu stone, now
over rude, to indicate their last resting
places, or distinguish theirgruve.s lrom
those of their fallen enemies.
nr in a i. or nucnAsr.nsoi.Dii'r.stx tub
iiAi'.uisnuiid f.'i:.Mi:Ti'.i:r
communication from the board of
managers of the Ilarrlshurg cemetery Is
nerewiiii transmitted, to which your
attention is invited, Tho subject of
which it treats, relative to tho burial ol
deceased soldiers during tlio Into war, is
wormy oi legislative consideration.
cn. niTAiir.i: ixstitutioxs.
Tho Pennsylvania Iustitutu for tlio
Deaf and Dumb, tho Institution for tho
instruction of thu lilind. the Train ntr
School for Kecblo-M hided Children, the
iNortliernllomu lor rneudloss Children,
thu Houses of Itefuge, several Soldiers'
Homes, and other similar charities,
which havo received aid from the Stnto.
nro. according to the reports of tho prin
cipals and superintendents, all in their
dlllerent spheres, accomplishing much
good for tho unfortunate classes fur
wno-e nenellt they wero established.
Detailed accounts of tho ullairs of tho
Pennsylvania Statu Lunntiu Hospital.
at Ilarrisburg. and of tbu Western Penn
sylvania Hospital, at Pittsburg, will ho
lotinii in tno reports oi tno trustees nnd
superintendents, uotli those lnstltti
tlons, as wen as others in tho Statu lor
tlio cure of tbeliisane, aroernwded. Tho
lnllrmarles lor thu kisp till at llarr s
burg, fur whlchnpproprlution was mado
last year, with a largo number of addi
tional warns, nas'o ueen erected, ana
will bo ready for occupation during the
winter. A liberal appropriation for tbo
Western Hospital was devoted to the
erection oi ntiiidings, on tno Ohio river.
seven miles below Pittsburg, known ns
tho Dlxinont Hospital for tho Insane.
L no great increase oi population ren-
leis necessary tne establishment ol
itlicr institutions of this kind. It Is
estimated that the ratio of tho inano Is
ono to every thousand persons, and on
iissiimliig thu population of tho.Statu to
bo about threo minimis uvo hundred
thousand, we havo about threu thousand
live hundred Insane. Tho hospitals in
tlio State nll'onl accommodation foronly
two tliou-and. Hence there are fifteen
hundred for whom no provision is made.
mid many of them are languishing lu
the county prisons and nlm-hoii-os.
nr.visiox or Tin: tivn. row:.
Pursuant to the first section of a mint
re.soliifion of the Legislature, approved
on thu llJth of April hist, Hon. David
Derriciison, , .Maciay nan, esq., and
Way no M'Vclgh, esq,, were appointed
to "revl-e, collate, nnd digest till such
public acts and statutes ot tlio civil eodu
of this State, us nro general and purnin-
nent lu their nature." Theo gentle
men havo commenced the work ussIlhi-
ed them, and from which tlio following
benellts are hoped to bo derived :
l'lrst Tlio correction of tlio redun
dancies, omissions, repetitions, and In-
consistencies oi uto existing slut tiles.
Second Tho framlngof general laws
as substitutes for tbo Innumerable local
stntutes. which for many venrs hnvo
comprised tho bulk of tho nets of As-eiu-
my ami occupied mo intention or tho
Legislature tu. tho detriment of general
legislation.
Third Tho conferring upon tho courts
many powers now exercised by tho
Lcgi.slauire.nnd which, It Isbellcved.wlll
greatly relievo that body by decreasing
nml allowing ample opportunity for tho
consideration of the public interests.
Tho gentlemen comprising tbo com
mlsMon havo prepared u largo number
ui bins, most oi which will ho laid bu
foro you at inu early day. Tho most
ol the.-e, which tho commissioners, in
harmony with my own views, nro of
mo opinion should receive early nml
favorable action of tho Legislature, are
inoii' running io corporations, thu poor.
public highways, rallioads, evidence
nun interest, i no others, with, nor-
hups, n few exceptions, might he left
unacted upon until tho outlio work of
revision is completed. Tho enactment
of tho bill on corporations Into a law nt
nil early periud of the session, would,
doubtless, servo to prevent much legis
lation, that might lift called for on miIi.
Jects which tliu hill Itself contemplate
ami lorwhlcn it makes iiniploprovlsiim.
The bills relating to thu poor and to
public highways demand early atten
tion, as tho laws now iu force on these
subjects nro so numerous mid divers!
lied that scarcely any two counties lu
tbo btatouroeontrollod by thusauiulaw,
and It Is earnestly to bo desired that
tlioy receive tlio earliest practlciiblu
mum tun inu .l KISIiMll 11
nnd express their opinion relative to tbo
time requisite ior its satisfactory com
pletlon. They ask a repeal of i much
of the llr.st section uf tho joint resolution
as excepts from their labors "those
statutes revised, codified, and enncted
under thu resolution npproved March
23, 1830," and an amendment of the
fourth section, so ns to extend from
"two" to thrtf, years, tho tlmo nllowed
for the completion of tho work. Tho
proposed amendments will glvo them
control of tho whole body of tho statute
law, and such allowance of tlmo as they
deem necessary for its satisfactory re
vision. Thu accumulation of our public
statutes, during a period of nearly two
centuries, can hardly fall to present a
confusion which It is eminently desira
ble should be corrected j and tlio only
practicable modeof accomplishing this
Is tlio one Indicnted by tbo resolution of
tbo last Legislature, nnd having confi
dence in tlio gentlemen selected for this
work, It Is due to them, as wcllnsto the
public, that they should not bo restrict
ed, cither as to time or by exceptions,
which would preventn perfect and desi
rable embodiment.
The task Is ono of more than ordinary
magnitude, requiring deliberate consid
eration, critical acumen, nnd careful
comparison and arrangement, together
with high order of talent, literary at
tainments, legal research, ami energetic
industry, to bring It to that perfection
which its Importance demands and the
Legislature intended and will doubtless
expect.
run laws'.
Tho Auditor (Ieueral, Secretary of the
Commonwealth, and Slato Treasurer,
appointed by tho legislature at Its last
session to revh-o and digest tho tax laws
of the State, havadlci urged that duty.
Their report will bo submitted nt nil
early day, nnd I bespeak for it that care
ful examination which the importance
of tho subject deserves.
rinsMc xoncu to hi: c.tvr.x or i.r.n-
TAIN lllliLS,
Your attention Is also Invited to the
acts of .May 13, 1857, and April 2, INK),
(Digest, page-13,) requiring public notice
to he given of tho application for till
privutu nets relating to real estate and
for acts of Incorporation. The wisdom
and Justice of tlie-e are manifest, and
their enforcement cannot be otherwise
than bencllclal.
I.IIOISt.ATIOX.
At the last session certain bills were
passed in which largo numbers of citi
zens werodceply in terested,thc responsi
bility ior which, niter inu adjournment,
but low members could bo found willing
to assume, or even to admit any knowl
edge of their passage. It is expected
that every legl-latorshould bo acquaint
ed wun an mat is transpiring in tno
legislative balls. Ho Is not simply
chosen to glvo his support to certain
bills which havo been called to bis In
dividual attention, but to bo constantly
on the alert to frustrate every act that
may navo a tendency lo jeopardize tno
public Interests. To plead Ignorance
after a real or Imaginary wrong has
been dune, Is to acknowledge a want of
attention to thetrust reposed by mscon-
-tiluents. uno mil, tno authorship ntui
knowledgoof which has been generally
disclaimed, passed both branches of the
Assembly, and was sent In duo form,
with tho signatures of tho proper olll
cers. for the Executive approval, and in
several instances bills wero passed and
sent for approval In duplicate. All
such hasty and cnrele'slcgislatloiishotild
bu avoided, twd tbo members of the
session now ttbotit to commciico bo en
nbled at Us close to givo an account of
their participation in every act, now
ever unimportant. Tho Legislature,
coming as It does, fresli from tbo ranks
oi tno people, should set an oxnmpio in
economy, retrenchment, and reiorm
It Is tho custodian of tho public inter.
ests. nml nnv niinpppss:iii'PTlriivnennfn
or prodigality In tho expenditure of
public money is reprehensible, it was
a matter of common notoriety at the
last yesslon that a number of subordi
nate olllcers, In both branches of tbo
Assembly, wero unpointed, to whom
liberal salaries wero paid, and who were
never (count ineir designated posts
and rendered no servico to tho State
This prnctico lias been emphatically
condemned oy tuu prcssntm tno people
and will not bu continued by any Leg
islaturo which means to acquire a repu
tatlon foraf.iithful pcrformunceofduty
Your attention Is respectfully invited to
tho law on tills subject us contained in
sections iiiieen iu eigiueeii oi iiiuacmp.
proven mu 7111 day 01 -nay, inj.i,
ANNUAL AI'l'llOIMUATIOXH.
Your attention is directed to tho iirae
tico ot withholding tho annual appro
priatlon bill until tho latest moments of
the session, x it the public estimation
grcul importance is attached tonus mil
and no action of tho Legislature under
goes n clo-or or more careful scrutiny
Its provisions concern tho entire com
mtinity, mid lu tlulr enactment too
much caution cannot bo observed. Last
year tho appropriation bill was not
passed nntll the last night of tbo session
when it was hurried through both
branches of tho Legislature, and 011 the
following morning presented for ap
proval, without atlbrdliig tlmo for the
necessary Investigation, and subjecting
tbo Lxecutlvoto the alternative of sign
ing It with nil its imperfections, or sus
pending for the ensiling year, the iu
dispeiisablo means fur thu operation of
tho State (iovornnietit. it is therefore,
earnestly de-lred that tho appropriation
mu do itiKen up, uiscus-eu, aim pas-ed
at a Htilllcleiilly early period during the
session to enable It to receive that thor
ough oxanilntloii which its Importance
iicmaims.
in:iiQVibTn:s or ornci:.
euro to others tbo samo privileges nnd
opportunities for competition. Jt will
open now nvctities lo distant markets;
improve tbo value of property: glv
new Imptilso to Immigration; put' ad
ditional binds under cultivation 1 ntlm.
ulato trade, agriculture, mnnnfirliircn
nml mechanic arts to Increased energy;
furnish greater inducements' and facili
ties for travel and add to our general
prosperity. Other States havo tried the
I Xpcrimeilt with KlltUrnpfnrv rnsnlra
ami there Is no reason why Pennsylva
Iliashoilld bo lnirmird In f limn-nnil ninrph
of progress nnd improvement.
Next to tho importnncoof crentlngad
(lltiounl railroads on tho free principle
Is tho reduction of charges for passage
nnd freight to minimum rates. This
Is a matter that concejjis overy In
dividual. Transportation will incroaso
in quantity In proportion to tho reduc
tion of Its cost, and ns tho facilities In
crease nnd tho cost decrease tho moro
vigorous will be thodovclopment of our
Industrial resources. Ilullroads willdn
rlvo moro henellt from low than from
exorbitant charges. Tho Increaso of
travel nnd freight will bo vastly greater
'ban the inerenso of expense. The
transportation of a loaded car costs but
little more than 0110 that is empty. In
the matter of passengers alone, it is
reasonable tostipposc.that tbo lower the
rates of faro, tho greater will bo the
number of persons to avail themselves
ofthoprlvllego of railroad transporta
tion. Tho samo Is trtio in regard to
freight : fortho engine thntdrawsa half-
dozen cars, can with nearly equal fa
cility propel a larger number. More
over, the road that Is worked to Its ut
most capacity inu.-t necessarily, nt very
reduced rates, acquire greater pro
fits than ono that transacts but n
small portion of tho business fur which
11 is competent. 1 110 adoption orn sys
tem of uniform rates for passengers and
freight, so graduated ns to bo profltablo
to all Immediately interested in tho uso
mul conduct of such works, would bo
iroiiuciivo 01 decided bcncilt in lessen
ing tho prices of food. oInthlrn. fuel.
and all tlio necessaries of life, to overv
citizen of tho Common wealth.
ixsrr.Axi'i: mii'AitT.Mr.XT.
My attention has been called to tho
tlhleet of Insurance, nnd so lmnnrtnnt
does It appear, that I deem it worthy of
leglslatlvoconslderr-tion. Many millions
of dollars nro now Involved, In tbo Uni
ted nuiies, in insiiraiiee,and tho amount
is oeing rapidly increased, to guard tne
Interests of Insurers, our laws aro inad-
ndequato,and therefore need n thorough
revision. i-iws navo uaen established
In several of our sister States, ond so
successful havo been their operations
Hint tho Insurance companies acting un
der them command a respect and con
lldenco which Is not extended to thoso
of Pennsylvania. Whilst a largo portion
01 tno insurance business or jow lortc
is done in this State, sotno of our com
panies have recently abolished their
agencies in Now York, because, as they
say, no ono there will insure lu a Penn
sylvania company, in consequence of
inu inxlty 01 our insurance laws. Tno
policies of many organizations, undor
our present laws, nro alleged to be
wortldessjand although they aro contin
ually falling, others of similar char
acter are starting into exlstnnco. 'With
in n few months uvo flro insuranco
companies havo failed, onelof which
una issued policies to over ono million
of dollars, and other serious defalcations
aro of frequent occurrence.
In vioiv of these facts and tho costly
experience of tho people. I would rec
ommend tho establishment of an Insu-
7l ou emergency, and paved tno way lor the prison dens 01 cruelty, starvation, mid
- . establishment of military organizations ill nth, and tin txecutcd conspirators
that will prove u safeguard anil honor I against the nation's Illustrious chief,
Very many serious complaints huvo
been mado for many years past relative
10 inu iiisposiion 01 tno denris which
annually iicciiiiuilates about tho Capitol.
1 ins seems to nave ueen regarded as
legitimate perquisites of certain attaches
of the several legislative nnd other de
partments, nnd luw consequently led to
practices which should be prevented.
It is alleged that vuluublo property bus
thus been taken possession of ami ap
plied to personal uses, or sold for moro
nominal suius.und tho amount obtained
privately anprmiriuted. A remeili' fur
tbisovll Is to allow no perquisites what-
over iu any 01 uie employees 01 1110 gov
ernment. Salaries, sutllclent Iu all
cases for tbo services rendered, should
bo appropriated beyond which 110 oilier
consideration should bo allowed. Tho
adoption of tills principle would remove
iiiuu'iiipuiuuii ior young men 111 the de
partments to resort to Improper practi
ces, All the public property, of overv
descriptlon.ns well ns thu buildings anil
grounds, should bo placed In chargo of
uie superintendent appointed ior that
purpose, chosen for his known lnteeri.
ty undgeuoraleapablllty.niul required to
give suiiicieinuoimsior tno luithfu per
lormnnco of his duties. All property
and material not needed for nubile u.e.
the Superintendent should bo required
to sell at public sale, and pay over tho
proceeds lo the state Tren-ury,
(ii:xi:uai, itAii.uoAD i!vw
Tho siibkct of n general railroad low
lias long been agitated, and although
11 1111s louiKi opponents, pin lew oiijec.
tlons have been urged against It whilst
arguiiientsacciiiiiuiutuiii its favor, it
seems impossible that nny person can
receive Iuliirv from lis adoption, wlitut
its benellts mny bo felt by all ela-ses uf
1 citizens, j.voiuno chartered conipun
rnnco Department, similar to tho-e In
Now York and Massachusetts, that shall
havo supervision and control over nil
companies allowed to transact business
within this State. Such enactment is
required for tbo security of our citizens.
Millions of dollars aro paid out by thom
annually for insuranco much of It un
der sucli circumstances as to render It
impossible for a prlvato Individual to
know whether the company to which
ho nays Is or is not reliable Careful
supervision on by n superintendent ap
pointed oy iaw,unu ptiuiisnau reports 01
tne same under oinn, would prevent
much loss and fraud.
The security of tho companies them
selves require an Insuranco Department.
Tho peoplo demand protection from ig
norance, iraim, atiu insolvency, con
sulting the iusurnncojournnls, wo find
that as a general thing, Pennsylvania
insuranco companies nro acquiring an
tincnvltublo reputation nbroad.nfTecting
tbo honor and good name of tho State.
The great purpose of the proposed de
partment, should bo protection. Dut In
connection with It there must bo fees
sulllcient to cover all Its legitimate ex
penses and prevent it from becoming a
burthen to the Commonwealth.
OAS.
Complaints huvo been laid before uie
by the consumers of gas in our large
cities, and from :t sense of duty and re
spect to them I lay the matter before
you. it Is stated that they huvo no np
peul or satisfactory modo of redress for
alleged iiiipo-ltloiis of tho gas compa
nies. 10 wiun extent tneso complaints
;iroJust it would bo dilllcult to ascertain
but that there is eatiso for some of them
may nrnperly bo inferred from thonum
ber, Intelligence and respectability, of
tbo parties by whom tboy nro innda.
1 hero is no reason why such n stato ot
things should continue to exist, whilst
tbo peoplo, through their representa
tives, huvo an easy mul effectual letno-
":.
1110 Legislature. 01 n neighboring
Stato has created the olllco of Inspector
of gas and gas meters. A bill might !
enacted creating n similar position in
nn v city in which It may bo roqulrod in
this State, and such arrangements mads
ns would ensure lustleo to consumer!
nnd producers without being an expens
to tbo Statu.
1 ho commissioners 1 cairn to he allow, tun. 1, ,..., ..,..1.1. 1 .
, ,. ,, , - ..... . ,,, , v im . . .1 iiiui K11H11111.1 iur 1111
ed, so far as poss bio, to complete thu position, Thu intention of the pu.pos.
worts unit 1111 'O 11 it us 11 si iiimeiricai m .ium.i,..i ,1 t .1. t.
icluili, riiiiioi-iiiJn ii. .i..t,,:.iV,,.i ......V; 1 . ! , . . "i-r'iii 11 111 ui any nun 11s loiiienis were disposed oi lisle-
whole, rather than lu detached putts, I vwted rights or frunchii-w; but to w-1 quc.M, And wu aruasiuwl that tbj
STATU!'. F015 THIl tfAl'lTOL AT WAHK-
IXOTOX.
Accompanying tills will be found a
circular from numerous members of thu
Senntuand House of Representatives of
1 no united states relative to n act or
Congress passed July 2, 1601, inviting
"each and all of tho States to provhU
tint! furnish statues, In marble or bronze
not exceeding two Iu number for each
State, of deceased persons who have
ueen citizens therein, and Illustrious for
their historic renown, or from ilistln-
gulshed civil or military services, such
as each Klnto shall determine to bo wor
thy of this national commemoration."
Tho intention is to place thu statue,
when lurnisiieii, in tno old nun or the
Houe of HoprescntutlvCH, in tho Capi
tol of tbo United States, which is set
apart as a hall of nnlional statuary for
inai purpose, inner amies win doubt
less avull thenisolviisof this privilege.
ami Pennsylvania should not bo behind
mem in luuscommemoratiiitiiumeiii
ory of her distinguished dead.
I'AUIS UX11II1ITIOX.
That Pennsylvania might boofilclally
represented lu tlio "Model American
School House." nt tho "Unlvortnl Lx
position of all Nations," 1 caused to bo
forwarded to the American Commls
sinner tit Purls, In July lust, it box con.
ttiiuiugn largo number of books and
documents relative to tlio various de
partments of too Commonwealth, with
u request thnt they bo placed inn prom
inent position, that visitors from ill,
taut hiudi might hnvo opportunity to
obtain from their pages a correct idea of
tho progress anil importance of th
State. In acknowledging tlio receipt nt'
this package tbo Coniiiilssiuner statin