rf lJ IU -e.'JJU IS T
THE COLUMBIAN, BLOOMSBUllG, SATURDAY, AUGUST 25, 1S66.
1
nient nro now exerchwd, common pru
tlcnco compels us to anticipate augment
ed discontent, n sullen withdrawal from
tlio duties and obligations of tho Feder
al Government, Interiml dissension, and
ft general collision of pcntlmcnts nnd
pretensions which they renew, nnd In n
htlll moro fearful shape, the civil war
from which wo havo Just emerged. We
roll upon you to Interpose your power
to prevent the recurrence of sotrunseen-
ilnnt n calamity, wo win upon you in
every Congressional district of every
Btnte, to sccuro tho election of members,
who. whatever other (inferences may
characterize, their political action, will
unlto In recognizing the right of every
State of tho Union to representation In
Congress, and who will tulnilt to seats
In either branch every loyal Reprcsen
tntlvo from overy State In nlleglanco to
the aovernment, who may bo found by
ouch House, in thu exercise of the pow
er conferred upon it by the Constitution,
to have been duly elected, returned, anil
fpialllled for a scat therein.
When this shall have been done tho
Government will have been restored to
Its Integrity, the .Constitution of the
"United States will have been re-cstab-
Ushetl in Its full mipreinney, and the
American Union will have again be
come what It was designed' to be by
thoso who formed it, a sovereign nation,
composed of separate States, each, like
itself, moving In a distinct and Indepcn
dent sphere, exercising powers defined
nnd reserved by a common Constitution,
and resting upon the assent, the con 11
deuce, and co-operation of all the States
nnd nil the people subject to Its author!-
ty. Thus reorganized and restored to
their constitutional relations, the States
nnd tho General Government can enter
in a fraternal spirit, with a common pur
pose nnd ncomnion Interest, upon what
ever reforms tho security of personal
rights, the enlargement of popular lib'
crty, and the perfection of our Republl
can Institutions may demand.
The address was adopted by thcunnn-
imous vote of tho Convention, followed
by the most enthusiastic and long con
tinued cheering.
rir.ei.An.vno.s ok rnijfcn-i.rA
The National Union Convention, now
assembled at the City of Philadelphia,
composed of delegates from every .State
and Territory in tho Union, admonish
ed by tho solemn lessons which, for the
last five years, It has pleased tho Supremo
Iluler of tho Universe to give to the
American people, profoundly grateful
for tho return of peace, desirous, as are
n large majority of their countrymen,
in all sincerity to forgot and forgive tho
past, revering the Constitution as it
cQines to us from our ancesters, regard
ing tho Union, in its restoration, as moro
mcred than ever, looking with deep
anxiety into the future as of instant and
continued trial, hereby Issues and pro
claims tho following Declaration of
Principles and Purposes on which they
have with perfect unanimity agreed :
.Mrs. We hall with ifnitltuili' to Almighty Clod
the en!! of wnr nnd tin return of pence to our af
lllctcil mul beloved Intnl.
fremiti. Tlio w.r Just cloM-d lint intilntnlneit tho
nntliorlly of tho Constitution with nil the pou tm
which It court in ntut tilt tho restrictions which It
Imposes upon the Oenernl aovernment, unnlirlih;
ed mul unaltered, nnd It hns preierved the Union
with tho equal rights, dignity, and authority of
tho Mates perfect nnd unimpaired.
Third, ltepreseutntlon In tho Congress of the
United Htntes nnd In the Eleetornl Colleco Is n
right recognized by tho Constitution ns abdllug In
every Stutc, and ns n duty imposed upon Its peo
ple, fundamental In Its nature and essentlul to tho
exercise of our Uepubllenn institutions! and
neither Congress nor tho fSeiieml Government
lias nny authority or power to deny this right to
any SUita or withhold Its enjoyment under tho
the Constitution from tho people thereof.
Iburth. Wecnll upon the peoplo of tlio United
fitatcs to elect to Congress, ns members thereof,
none hut men who admit (ids fundamental rltflit
of representation, and who will receive to Mut.i
therein loynl ltopresent.it Ives from every Ktnte In
nlleghmeo to tlio United Htntes, subject to the
constitutional right of each House to ludgu of the
election, returns, and qualifications of Its own
members.
Fllh. Tho Constitution of tho United Ptntes, nnd
tlio laws made in pursuance thereof, nre "the su
premo law of tho land, anything In thu Onstution
or lawn of nnyHtnletothecontrnry notwltiistuud
lng." " AH liio powers not conferred by the Om
Htltutlon ujion thofiencral Government nor pro
hibited by it to tho States, are reserved lo the
Htatcs or tho people thereof;" nnd nmong the
rights thus reserved to tho Rtntrs Is the rlu'ht to
prescribe iUallllcatlons for tun elective franchise
therein, with which right Congress cannot Inter
fere, No Blnto or Convention of Ktates has tho
right to withdraw from tho Union, or to exclude,
through their action In Cougrccs or otherwise,
any State or Htatcs from the Union.' Tho Union
of theso Btates Is perpetual, nnd the authority of
Its Government N supremo wltlilnthe limitations
nnd restrictions of the Constitution,
Hizlh. Such amendments to tho Constitution of
tho United Htatcs may bu mado by the people
thereof as they mny deem expedient, but only In
tho mode pointed out by Its provision, and In pro
posing sucli amendments, whether by Congress or
by n Convention, ond In ratifying tho Raine, oil
mo Hiaies ni mo union nave tin efjuni nnd an In
'defeasible right to a voice nnd u vote thereon.
tlrvvnth. Slavery Is abolished nnd forever pro
hibited and there, is neither desire nor purjiose
on Iho part or Iho rlouthern Htntes mat It should
vn Ixj re-established upon tlio soil or within
tho Jurisdiction of tho United Htatcs; and tliocn
franchlscd slaves In all tho Htatcs of tho'Unlon
(.hould receive, In common with all their itiliabl.
Vints, equal protection in every right of person
nnd propel ty.
.ttWA. Wliilo wo regard ns utterly Invalid, Bud
never to bo assumed or mado of binding force, un
obligation Incuricd or undcrtnlten In making
war against tho United Htatcs, we hold tlio debt
of tho nation tit lo sacred uud Inviolable, nnd wo
proclaim our purpose in discharging this, as In
pcrforml ng all other national obllgnt lons.to mnlu-
tntu unimpaired uud uulm peached the honor nud
the fulth of the Uepuhlle.
A'tnlh. It is the duty of lliuXntlonal Government
t recognize thu services of the Federal soldiers
end sailors In the conU-st Just closed' by meeting
promptly nnd fully all their Just nnd rightful
claims for tho non-Ices they hnve rendered tile
nation, and by extending to thoso of them who
liavo survived, nnd tho widows and orphans of
those who have fallen, tho most gencrousund con-
slderute. cure.
Tenth. In Andrew Johnson, J'rcsldent of tho
United States, who in his treat olllc-o hns proved
6teadfat In his devotion to tho Constitution, the
laws and intciosts of his country, iinmoeU by
persecution una undeserved icproiu-h, having
initu iinassaiiauio in tno people nud In tho prin
ciples of freu government, we rrciwnliu n Chief.
Magistrate worthy of the nation and equal to the
Kreat erlils iihu which his lot Is east; and wo
tender to mm in iiiotiiscnurgn or Ms high and re-
NKuslhlo duties our profound respect, and assur
unecs of our cordial uud ulnrcie mpport.
Tlie.se resolutions wero received, its
each was read, with great uppluuso : antl
they wero adopted by the unanimous
voto ot tho Convention, followed by
loud uud long-continued cheers.
Tun yacht Alice, which has recently
mado tho passago ncross tho Atlantic,
was built lii Port-mouth, Now Hampshire.
uw.
(ii:oitn: ir. mooiiu, i:mtoh.
IILOO'lHIIUltll, HATt'IlDAY, At'tH'HT 2.1, I'M.
THE PHILADELPHIA CONVEN
TION. "Wi: give up most of our issue this
week to the Address antl Resolutions of
the great Philadelphia Convention, ami
wo hope that every man Into whoso
hands this number of our paper falls
will read them throughout.
The argument of the Addros covers
most of the points now in public debute,
and fully and ably presents them for
nubile judgment, while tho llosolutions
constitute a Union platform upon which
all patriots and true men can stand.
This was In the proper sense of the
term a Union Convention, and It will
be productive of great good in tho Gov
ernment and throughout the country.
Ml its proceedings wore conducted witli
sound Judgment and characterized by
complete horniony. rortho llrst time
slneo 1800. as was well saitl by n corres
pondent lust week, men from all sections
met together In council antl declared doc
trines anil a platform to guide their fu
ture action. Disunionlsin in all forms,
whether North or South, was abjured
and denounced, the results of tho war
endorsed, ami the objects for which the
nation contended embodied In tho pro
gramme of the future. This Convention
means real peace, with renewed pros
perity and general harmony, throughout
the United States. Turbulent factions
and fanatical men may impede or delay
the full realization of these objects, but
they cannot defeat them. Ultimate re
sults tiro secured.
"We propose to give in our next num
ber the proceedings Which took place at
Washington upon tlio presentation of
the llosolutions of tlio Convention to tho
President, including tho remarks of
Senator Rcverdy Johnson on behalf of
the Committee of the Convention, and
tho vigorous and patriotic reply made
by the President thereto.
MAGAZINES FOR, SEPTEMBER.
Tin: Galaxy comes to us with its
usual excellent variety. Mr. Tonic, in
the number for September first (the
Initial number of the second volume)
contributes an article on "Reform and
Revolution in England." Mr. Eugene
ISeiison gives mi appeal for "Literary
Fromdeiirs," "Itachel antl Uistori"
and "Atlantic Telegraphy," the latter
by Mr. P. 15. Perkins, are both seasona
ble papers. Mr. Hall contributes an ar
ticle on the latest facts and develop1
inents in "Aeronautics." In tho " Xe
bulie" is a very fair criticism of Miss
Lewis's novel, "Felix Jlolt."
The Atlantic Monthly opens with a
story of the war "The Surgeon's As
sitant, Mrs. K. C. "Watercon very pleas
antly groups together, under tho subject
" Women's "Work of the Middle Arch,"
a number of facts not generally known.
The passengers from "Hawthorne's
Note-P.ooks" are very interesting. Mrs.
Stowc is not very entcrtainiii!r in this
number, in " How Shall we bo Amus
ed V" "An Italian Uain Storm" Is an
incident of travel by Mary Cowtler
Clarke. " Yesterday." by Miss Harriet
E. Prescott, is a very thoughtful paper.
Tho "Johnson Party" is character
ized by much bitterness. Mr. Freder
ick Hedge's address on " University
Reform" finds a place in the Atlantic.
"Griffith Gaunt" is continued. Tho
poetry is "The Voice" (anonymous), a
bonnet on translating tho" Divine Com-
nietlla," by Mr. Longfellow, and "Lake
Champlalii," by H. T. Tuckeniian.
Our Yowir foils is interesting this
mouth, it H commenced with a poem
entitled " The Tale ofthoAVhale." Dr.
Wilder gives an account of the difl'erent
species of spiders, Mrs. Stowo has a
characteristic sketch, "Little Pussy
willow," and Mr. Aldrlch writes about
the studios.
Codey's Lady's Boole comes to us filled
with variety, botli pictorial and litera
ry. An excellent steel-plate engraving.
"Itesting at tho "Well," gives us an in
troduction to a feast of good tliinirs,
Tho fashion-plated are of a superior or
der. A wood-cut engraving represents
an iniantiio exhibition of music and
dancing. A serenade, " Under Thy Lat
tice," is a pleasing composition. The
literary matter is first class, combining
prose and poetry.
J'eterson's Jfayazinc gives us a repro-
senuuivo picture, "Tho School at Play,"
which carries us back to our school days,
when thoab-onco of the teacher during
mo session 01 school was tho occasion of
i I.,, I... .I,, .
Kujiunii iiiuiriiy. ino noy.s in tho ea
gerness of play tlo not notice tho teach
er's return, and wo turn tho page with
visions oi tho chastising roil held In ter
ror over their heads. Tlio colored fash
ion-plates ore attractivo for their work
mauslilp, ashlo from the general object
lorwniciitiieyarointoiided. The wood
i i-iigruviiig represents a emid lost in
tho streets. Tho patterns, etc., will be
iomid attractive, ond tho literary con
tents nro of varied excellence.
It is announced that wllh tho num
ber for September first, JCrery Saturday
will bo enlarged from thirty-two to forty
pages. Tho great success or tho Journal
Justifies and demands this enlargein out
Tho conductors will hereafter Introdiieo
as a feature serial stories, In coinpllunco
with a general desire. They will select
only tho-0 of a first-class character, and
of reatlablo quality. "Kllcote of Sll
cotes," by Henry Kingsley, lias Just
been begun, antl others will follow
shortly. JJcery ,'Jatttrday will continue
to present tho most readable, Interesting,
and vuluablo stories, essays, sketches,
and poems, from tho foreign Journals
and periodicals. Translations from the
French periodicals will form n regular
anil Important feature. A most thrilling
story, from tho French or E Intend
About, will bo given in September. It
Is hardly necessary to add that Tlcknor
tuiil Fields, Iioto;i, mo Its publisher,
GENERAL DIX'S SPEECH.
"Wr. present to our readers this week
the able, eloquent, and patriotic speech
of General Joint A. Dlx upon taking
the chair as temporary President of tho
National Convention at Philadelphia,
on Tuesday, which Is worthy of the
wltlest circulation that can bo given It:
Governor Hantlall said : For the pur
pose of tho temporary organization of
tills Convention, 1 propose tho name of
General John A. Dlx, of New York, as
temporary Chairman. Amid loud cheers
General Dix said :
Gentlemen of tho Convention nnd
Fellow-Citizens of tlio wholo Union i I
return to you my sincere thanks for the
honor you have done me in ciioo-dug me
to prc-ido temporarily over your delib
erations. 1 regard it as a distinction of
no ordinary character, not only on ac
count of the high moral and political
standing of the gentlemen who compose
this Lotiveniion, out tiecauso it is a i (in
vention of the people of all the Staff
of thin Unioiu anil bcciuiso it cannot fail,
ff Its proceedings are conducted with
harmony and goodjudgment, to lead to
most important results. It may bo
truly said that no body of men has met
on this continent under circumstances
so momentous and to delicate since the
year 17H7, the year when our ancestors
assembled In this city to frame a better
Government for the States that were
united under the old Confederacy a
Government which has been made more
enduring, we trust, by the fearful trials
and perils it has encountered, and tho
Constitutioh which they came hero to
form we aro hero to vindicate and to
restore.
Wo are hero to assort tho supremacy
of representative government over all
who are within the confines of tho Union
a Government which cannot permit
the violation of its principles or of tlio
protection It extends to the people who
are represented in it over those who
by virtue of that representation tiro en
titled to a voice in the administration
of the public affairs. It was such a
Government our lathers framed and put
In operation. It is tho Government
which we are bound by every consider
ation of.litlelity, Justice, and good faith
to defend and to maintain. Gentlemen,
we are not living under such a Govern
ment. Thirty-six States have for months
been governed by twenty-live.
Eleven States have been wholly with
out representation in tho legislative
body. That numerical proportion of the
represented and unrepresented has been
changed by the admission of the delega
tion from Tcimes.'seo a unit taken from
tho smaller and added to the larger
number. Ten States aro still denied the
representation in Coiurre.sto which thev
aro entitled under the Constitution.
Jt is this wrong widen wo have come
here lo protest against, and, as lar us in
us lies, to redress. When the President
of the United States declared that armed
nvsitiinco to 1 hi. niithriritv fit tlu. 1 nlmi
was over, all the States hud a right to
oe represented in ino legi-nitive body
They had tho right under the Constitu
tion. They had tlio right under reso
lution!) passed by both Houses of Con
gress in lbtil.
Tiios.e resolutions were not concurrent,
but they weru substantially Identical.
Moreover, they wero entitled to be so
represented on other grounds of falrne.-s
ami good faith. Tho President, not in
pursuance ot any constitutional power.
had called on the Confederated States In
accent conditions of their admission to
tneexerci-eoi their legitimate functions
as members ot the L nion the ratifica
tion ol tne amendment to the Constitu
tion ulioli-hlng slavery, and tho repu
diation of the debts contracted to over
throw the Government. Theso com 1 1.
lions wero made and accepted. The
exaction of new conditions is tiniust : a
VlUUlllUll Ul IIIU lUllll UL. 1110 uovcrii'
meat, subversive of tho principles of
our political system, and dangerous
to ino puniie prosperity and peace.
Each Hou-e pi Congress is mado a
judge ot the quaiitlcations or Its mem
bers, anil can reject individuals for unt
cause: but the two bodies act con ointlv
and cannot exclude entire delegations
without tin unwarrantable assumption
of power. Congress has not only done
this ; it lias gone further.
It has incorporated new conditions in
amendments to the (.(institution, and
ubmltted them for tho rat flcatlon of
the States. There is no probability that
luusu iiiiiciiiiiiiciiis win oe raniied bv
three fourths of tlio States or tho Union.
'lo insist on thu conditions they contain
is to prolong indefinitely tlio exclusion
or more than one fourth of tho Ktates
troni their representation In Congm-
Is this the Government our fathers
lought to establish V J- tins theGovern
nient we have been fighting toniv-prvn'
Tho President has done all in his power
to correct tills wrong, to restore the
legislative body to its full proportions
ny giving 10 ino members oi the Union
their proper place in tlio public councils.
liCgisiauon without representation i:
an anomaly under our political system
io! J n our form ol government it would
be another nanie lor usurpation and nils
rule.
Gentlemen, I trust that in our delibe
rations here we shall confine ourselves
to ono main purpose, that ot redressing
the wren;; to which I huvo referred.
There Is much in the administration of
our Government which needs amend
ment snmo things to bo done and others
to uo undone.
There aro commercial antl financial
reforms which are Indispensable to the
public- welfare, but we shall not liavo
tho power to carry out those until wo
change the political complexion of Con
gross. Tills should bo our first, our im-
iiii'iiiuiu linn, it is in ino uongressloiml
districts that tho vital contest is to takt
place. Tho control of one bndv will en
able us to prevent partial, unjust, and
pernicious legislation. Jlut dm rnntrnl
or both Houses, with tlio power to iu-
trodtico mid carry out salutary reforms,
to bring tho Government back, In the
iiuigiiiigu oi .jciiorson, - to tho republi
cm track." will come later.
Hut with wise, harmonious, Judicious
action on our part, and upon tins tmrt nf
those wo represent, it need nut be long
lll-Ul, III.
I bcllovo that Public opinion I vln-M .
that It Is only necessary to pre-ent to
tho people clearly tho issues between us
and thoso which control tho action of
Congress. And, gentlemen, Is not tho
uiycut ior wiucii wo aro contending a
consummation worthy or our highest
and most devoted efforts? to bring back
tho Republic, puriry It, strengthen It by
tho tiery ordeal through which it bus
passed, and to Its ancient prosperity and
power?
To present to tho world an example
wormy ui iiiiiiauoti, Willi 110 'Utopian
vision of good Government, but with
tho grand old reality of better times,
with which thu memory of our futhers.
tho recollect ions of tlio past, and all our
hopes of the future aro Inseparably en
twined. Ono country, ono fiug, ono
union ot equal States.
Tin: Spanish Government has prohll
Ited the bale of newspapers in the public
streets.
LioiiT hundred pounds' weight is tho
fashionable quota of baggage at Now-
port. Anything under that U second
class,
WASIIINGTON LETTER.
WAsttiXfiToM, 1). a, August .', lfCO.
Two events have moved tho mental
atmosphere of this quiet city tho arri
val of Queen Einiua and tho delegates
from tho Philadelphia Convention. Ev
erything conspired to tast a halo over
both events. The weather Is dellghtrul,
Inducing good humor, and tho modest,
dignified manner of tho Queen, with
tho evident pleasure she evinces at tho
attractions or the public buildings and
the courtesy accorded to her rank and
worth, nro a rellcr after tho political tur
moil of the session of Congress.
Tho grand success of the Convention
in uniting varied parties, in devotion to
tho perpetuity of tlio Union, and tho
Highest welfare of every section of our
beloved country, are a glorious promise
for its futuro prosperity. Entering tlio
White House were groups awaiting the
ariival of the delegation. Happiness
was shown In every face, nnd it was a
proud day for the President- when to
noblo a body of men accepted him as
their leader in weaving In a purer web
tho disunited bauds of tho Republic.
Tito prominence given to Mussaehu
etts and South Carolina in tho Conven
tion recalled tin incident which occtired
last Thanksgiving Day in a visit to tlio
hospital. A young Confederate olllcer
from Charleston, South Carolina, who
had been confined to his bed for many
months, was sitting in tho lioqiital
chair. Congratulating him on his im
provement, In his reply he alluded witli
a beaming face to tlio fact that South
Carolina was the first to come back into
tlio Union, and "to-day," be remarked,
" tho Jlemtd sayssho is more loyal than
Massachusetts."
Tho Autumnal breezes comeladen with
;ood news from other countries as well
as our own. Tho blessings of peace will
Increase commerce and make labor, tho
poor man's capital, more productive.
jt.
GENERAL PRESS DISPATCHES.
Prom Washington.
I.v accordance with the President's
proclamation of thoseventcenth instant,
declaring null and void Maximilian's
paper blockade of Matamorosand other
Mexican ports, the Navy Department
has detached two men-of-war to be sta
tioned nt the mouth of the Rio Grande.
The commander of the Pacific squadron
has also received orders to send two
men-of-war to Muzutlan and Guuvnius
to protect United States interests on thu
Pacific coast.
The Commissioner of tho General
Land Office has Just forwarded to the
Governor of Iowa a certificate authoriz
ing the location of seven thousand four
hundred and eighty acres of land, in
lieu of that amount of land which has
proved to bo swamp. During the month
of July hist twenty-six thousand seven
hundred and fifty-live acres of the pub
lie domain were disposed of, two thirds
ot which wero entries under the Home
stead law.
xno city, which was tun ot strange
faces and all activity on Saturday,
was quite dull on Monday, and the
strangers have departed. Beside the
Committee to wait upon tho President
and present the resolutions of tlio Phil
adelphia Convention, there were several
iimdred, on Saturday, of distinguished
or prominent citizens of the several
States who came to witness the recep
tion and hear tho President's speech
hen the ceremonies took plaeo at the
Executive Mansion the East Room was
literally Jammed, and all the adjoining
apartments and halls leading thereto
were filled to their utmost capacity
Such enthusiasm as was manifested on
this occasion has rarely been o pialled
and tho President was moro deeply tint
(lenionsiraiiiy uuecred tiitui ho has ever
been known to be before on a matter of
public interest. Tho scene during the
delivery of tho address of tho J Ion
Rcverdy Johnson, and the President
reply, was ono ever to lie remembered
by thoso who were so fortunate as to
witness it. Surrounded by men of note
statesmen, and military heroes, the
President stood the central figure of in
tcre.it on whom all eyes wero turned
with affectionate regard and undisguised
respect. Afewstop-! in front or him stood
lion. Rcverdy Johnson, on his left Wcr
the Postmaster-General, then Secretary
M'Culloch, Secretary Welles, Secretary
Drowning, and Senator Doolittlo. To
tho right and beside tho President stood
General Grant, and to tho right of thu
latter his chief of staff, General Rawl
bigs. General Grant arrived Just ufte
Hon. Roverdy Johnson had commenced
his remarks, and tho company recogniz
ed tho presence of the General by a
round of applause. Ho walked straight
up to the sido of tho President, who
turned and shook hands with him
There was that in tlio manner and look;
of General Grant which all interpreted
to mean, "lam with you, gentlemen
I endorso your proceedings." A mini
ber of latllds worealso present. Anion;
them wero Mrs. Johnson (this belli'
tho second time tsho has appeared in
public fllnco sho became an occupant o
tho Whlto House), Mrs. Patterson, and
the ladles of sonio of the members of
the Cabinet. It was generally remarked
that Mr. Stanton was not present, nnd
his absence was taken as corroboratlv
or tho well-settled understanding hero
that ho does not heartily support tho
President In his restoration policy. Ho
has fulled to respond to tho cull for the
Convention, though specially requested
to Indicate hU opinion when tho other
members of the Cabinet wero addressed
by the National Union Club. Up to this
tinio Mr. Stanton has not shown any
sympathy with tho movement, and as
yet no ono knows that ho has said
word on tho subject. Not being for th
Con vent Ion,. It Is taken as bottled that
ho occupies the same position that Oov
ernor Deiiiiison does, but unliko tho
latter, remains in tho Cabinet. At tho
conclusion of tlio ceremonies tho Presi
dent nnd General Grant took position
sldo by sltlo at tho door of tho East
ltooin, and tho entire audleiiceupproacl
ed them ono by ono and shook their
bauds, During the afternoon nud eve
nlng thestrangers departed In the trains,
delighted with what they had seen mid
heard.
TlieConinilsslonoror Internal Rovcnuo
has written tho following respecting tho
tax upon auction sales: Prior to tho dato
if the lato act of July thirteenth, lMiis,
it was held that sales mado by auction
eers for Judicial or executive officers, or
for executors nnd administrators, were
liable to tax In the samo manner us tho
ties made for other persons. The law
has been amended, and it is now held
that tho sales of auctioneers mado for or
account of the persons or ollleors
nbovo specified are not llablo to tax
luce August first, tlio tlino when the
above act takes effect.
The celebrated man of locks, llobbs,
or Now York, has received the award
of the contract for furnishing tho Treas
ury Department with locks for use, un
der the provisions of the thirty-fourth
section of tho Internal Revenue laws.
Queen Emma is now the guest of Sec-
etary Seward. Among tho guests at
dinner last Saturday evening at Mr.
Seward's mansion were the President
and the ladies of his family. Several of
the members of tho Cabinet, and Hon
L. D. Campbell, Minister to Mexico.
On Sunday the Queen attended divine
service In company with Mr. Seward at
St. John's Ciiurch (EpUcopal). At eight
o'clock on Sunday night Jier Majesty
dined with the President. Mr. Seward
was tho only member of tho Cabinet
present.
The official proceedings of tho Phila
delphia Convention were completed on
Monday, and signed by tho President
or that body, and a million copies aro to
betitonco printed for general distribu
tion.
The circular calling a convention of
officers, soldiers and sailors to meet in
mass convention in Chicago on tho sev
enteenth of September proximo will bo
Issued to-morrow.
CONCERNING TAXES.
TnilASCUV PlU'AUTMllNT, )
Oikici: or Inidiix.u, 1P:vi:.nci:, V
Wamiiixukin. July ;ll, ismi. J
Attt.xtion is hereby called to the
changes made in the Internal Revenue
laws relating to licenses, by the act of
July thirteenth, 1FC0, which act goes
into effect, so far as special taxes provi
ded for in said act aro concerned, on
tho first of August, 1SU0.
Licenses' are abolished, and a "spe
cial tax" is substituted therefor.
Dy the provisions of section SO, it be
comes tho duty of the Assessor to reas
sess any person, nrm, or company,
holding license, for any excess of the
special tax substituted thereror over tho
license tux which has been paid from
the first day of August, 1SG0, ratably,
up to tho first day of May, 18(i".
Under these provisions, persons hav
ing a license us wholesale dealers m
liquor, brewers, distillers, and proprie
tors of girt enterprises, will be liable to
reassessment rrom the first day of Au
gust, lSliti. Every wholesale dealer in
liquors, for instance, who has paid but
fifty dollars for his license, will be im
mediately liable to reassessment for tho
nine mouths ending May first, 1S07,
the amount of reassessment being thirty-seven
dollars and fifty cents.
A special tax is to be assessed from
the same dato against distillers of burn
ing fluid and canipbene, grinders of
coffee and .npices, and peddlers of li
quors. Peddlers travelling by public
conveyances are classed as peddlers of
the fourth class. Persons whoso busi
ness it is to manufacture cigars, snuff,
or tobacco in any form, should be im
mediately assessed a special tax as to
bacconists, without reference to the
amount of their products; but where
such persons now hold license as manu
facturers, they will not bo subject to tho
special tax until the expiration of their
present license as manufacturers, unless
they aro engaged at the samo time in
tho manufacture of other articles, In
such manner as to bo liablo-to special
tax both as manufacturers and as tobac
conists. Hut no special tax is imposed
iiimn journeymen employed In a cigar
manufactory.
Persons now licensed as tobacconists
siiotiiit oe assessed a special tax as
whole-ale dealers when their sales ex
ceed twenty-five thousand dollars.
Any person who is engaged in tlio
manufacturo or preparation Air sale of
any articles or compound, or who puts
up lor sale In packages, with his name
or trade-mark thereon, any articles, or
compounds, is liable, under tho new law,
to special tax as a manufacturer.
Producers of ornamental and fruit
trees, ami charcoal, selling tho samo at
wholesale, by themselves or authorized
agents, at places other than the place of
production, aro exempt from special
tax in respect thereof.
All boats, barges, and fiats not used
for carrying passengers, nor propelled
by steam or Kills, which aro floated or
towed by tug-boats Or horses, and used
exclusively lor carrying coal, oil, mill
ends, orugrleulturul products to market,
will bo assessable under tho new l;iw
With an annual special tax, rrom and
after tho oxplration-of the timo covered
by their present enrolment fees and ton-
nngo duties, In knot such roes and du
ties. Such boats or a capacity exceeding
twenty-five tons and not exceeding ono
hundred tons will be subject to a spe
cial tax or five dollars, and when ex
ceeding ono hundred tons, to a special
tax ot ten dollars, said tax to bo assess
ed and collected as other special taxes
provided for In tho act. Tho above
special tax on boats, barges, and Hats
does not, however, nfl'cct tho liability of
tho proprietors to special tax us express
curriers or agents, when doing business
as described In paragraph CO of sec
tion 7!) of tho act of Juno thirtieth,
18(11, as amended by the act of July
thirteenth, 16(1(1.
Wholesale dealers tiro required, as
soon as tho amount of thelrsales within
the year exceeds fifty thousand dollars,
lo mtko monthly return or sales to the
Assi-uint Assessor, and pay tho tax on
bales monthly, ns other monthly taxes
aro paid j and In estimating tho amount
of bales, uuy sales inatlo by or through
uuotlier wholesale dealer, need not
again bo estimated and Included as sold
by tho party for whom it was made.
Wholesale dealers now holding llceiiso
based on n certain amount of sales, will
bo llablo to make monthly returns of
sales us soon as their sales exceed the
amount named in tlio license , whole
sale dealers In liquors, ns soon as their
salcsliall reach an amount which is
less than tho ba!s of their license by the
Hiiiii of thirty-seven thousand and live
hundred dollars.
a'he bond required of lottery dealers
Is further conditioned, by the new law,
that the dealer will pay the tax Imposed
by law on tho gross rccelptsof his sales,
and tho managers or any lottery, now
or hereafter existing, can give thu bond
required.
Cattle brokers should be assessed on
tho excess of sales over ten thousand
dollars In the same manner ns of whole-
bale dealers.
Under tho new law, " every person
(other than one having paid tlio special
tax as a commercial broker, or cattle
broker, or 'wholesale dealer, or retail
dealer, or peddler) whose occupation It
Is to buy or sell agricultural or larm pro
ducts, and whose annual sales do not
exceed ten thousand dollars, is to bo re
garded a produce broker."
The payment of the special tax of a
hotel-keeper permits the person so keep
ing a hotel, etc., to furnish the necessa
ry food for tho animals of travellers or
solourners, without the payment (r an
additional special tax as a livery-stable
keeper.
Lawyers, who have paid a special tax
as such, aro exempted under paragraph
rrom paying the special tax as real
estate agents.
H the annual receipts or an insurance
agent shall not exceed one hundred dol
lars, a special tax or five dollars only is
imposed under the new law; and the
paragraph relative to insurance brokers
is omitted. No special tax Is imposed
bv the new law for selling tickets or
contracts of Insurance against Injury to
persons while travelling.
Apothecaries, who have paid the
special tax as such, aro not required by
the new law to pay the tax as retail deal
ers in liquor, In consequence of selling
or of dispensing upon physicians' pre
scriptions tho wines and spirits olllcinal
In the United States or other national
pharmacopoeias, in quantities not ex
ceeding half a pint (ff eitlierat one time,
nor exceeding, in aggregate cost value,
tho sum of three hundred dollars per
annum.
No special tax is required of a com
nion carrier, by the new law, where tho
gross receipts do not exceed thu sum of
ono thou-and dollars pcrannuin. Dray
men and teamsters owning only one
dray or team will not be liable lo tills
tax.
Dy proviso to section 17 of tho act of
Tuly thirteenth, 180(i, brewers arc ex
empted rrom special tax as wholesale
dealers, when selling at wholesale, even
at a place other than their breweries
malt liquors mumiracturcd by them
Manual-labor schools and colleges are
exempt rrom special tax, as inanuractur
ers, where tlio proceeds of tlio labor of
such institutions are applied exclusively
to the support and maintenance of such
institutions (see. 18).
There Is no provision in tlio now law
Tor refunding license taxes where they
exceed the special taxes provided by
said law in respect to thesamobttsiiiess
No person doing a business requiring
payment of special tax under the new
law should bo assessed therefor if ho
now holds a license covering a business
or the same nature, unless tlio special
tax provided Air exceeds the license tax
in which case tho dllVcreuco of tax
should bo assessed immediately.
Receipts for special taxes will bo fur
nished from this office. No moro li
censes will be furnished. With slight
alteration, receipts for special taxes limy
lie used us receipts for license taxes as
besscd under former laws.
E. A. Rollins,
Commissioner,
CENTRALIZATION.
Tin: people of tho United States hay
been educated in tlio ideas or personal
liberty and State rights as limited and
regulated by the National Constitution
Schemes for the consolidation of political
power In a central government, and
plans for tho abridgement of Individual
freedom, cannot, therefore, long be
countenanced or tolerated by the Ameri
can People. And no portion of them
would bo more hostile to a policy which
would abridge, the rights of the States,
and restrain tho liberty of tho citizen,
than tho peoplo or tlio New England
States with whom these schemes of
consolidation originated, and who havo
now become their most zealous advo
cates. What Stato would bo more
restless and rcbelllouslfCongressweroto
Interrero with her domestic concerns
were to attempt to regulate tho elective
franchise, luterfcro with her school sys
tem, dictate the manner in which she
should conduct ber religious worship, or
even meddle with their liquor laws, than
thopeoplouf Massachusetts? And what
peoplo would bo more indignant if their
personal rights and liberties were en
croached upon ? Such invasions of pub
lie and private rights by the Central
Government would in tlio end fall, be
causo they aro against the spirit of our
institutions and offend tho ideas on
which tlio American Peoplo havo beon
educated. All such attempts to coerco
and regulate tho affairs of tho peoplo or
tho South will ultimately fail, ond will
recoil In the shape of tho odium which
they will engender upon their authors
and projectors. Our system Is complex,
and yet Its principles uro well understood
by tho people. It comprises one great
Central Government moving like tho
sun in tho polar system, on an orbit
clearly defined, and dispensing Its pro
taction and its beneficence to all; ami n
system of States llko our planets nnd
theimttendant satellites moving In or
bits as clearly defined ; both Independ
ent of each other In their lespcctlvo
spheres of action ; and both combining
to make ono grand and harmonious
whole, The attempt to ch.uigo the ro-
itilloivj of tho States with tho Central
Government, to glvo them powers tib.
solutely sovereign and equal to tho Ku.
ropcon Government has been tried, tinj
has most slgnnlly failed. Tho uttciniit
to obliterate tho States, and merge them
nil In tho Central Government, will U
equally abortive. It will bo llkourrest.
Ing tho planets In their revolutions and
hurling them back Into tho sun. H
would involve tho destruction of tho
system and the necessity of u now
creation. Jioston J'ost.
THE FALSTAFF OF THE NEW
ORLEANS CONVENTION.
A Hi'iX'iAi, correspondent of the Cln.
elnnatl Gatclte, In tho course of n long
radical account of tho New Orleans riot,
said: "Tho boaster of the convention,
tho hero who would do and daro ami
die for his new-born lovo for negro suf
frage, had not yet been round. Arrayed
in spotless white, ho had been seen to
liter the chamber boforo the opening of
the convention, but slnco the lltingbegan
no eye or negro had been eheoivd, no
heart of convention member nerved, no
soul of policeman inllamcd by the ru.
dlant sight of R. King Cutler. The last
member had been driven out to the mob,
and the last negro stabbed, the chamber
was occupied only by tho police, tlw
rioters, and tho dead, but still tho hem
was missing. At last a bright thought
struck a policeman. He explored the
chimney. Its throat was narrow, ami
King Cutler's body was large, and ki,
intend ol being swallowed up, there liu
stuck I In a moment a nondescript tlguro
came up the street, between policemen
and rioters all so amused that, for tlo
moment, they lost their appetite for
murder. Uepubllenn or not, King Cutler
was lilac:. His whlto lint, Jammed
down over his blackened nose and ears.
like a half painted ship, was already
colored fore and aft. His whlto coat
hung down nil black behind. Ills
sparkling shirt-front presented a fitting
tripe to correspond. The waistband of
ills voluminous pantaloons but lUos!
that was where he stuck ; and so must I .
NEWS ITEMS,
Piiusidkxt Johnson has accepted
the tender by the Albany Durgessis
Crops or a military escort and guard of
honor during his stay in that city.
Tin: Fire Department of Boston pro
poses to send to the Paris exhibition a
complete miniature Illustration of tlio,
llro and alarm apparatus used lu that
city.
An editor at the South has purchased
a race horse at an expense of two tlious.
and dollars, for tho purpose of catching
his runaway subscribers. Good invest,
nient.
Tin: quarant ino regulations at Clin rles-
ton, South Carolina, published homo
timo since, have been removed. Pas
sengers and freight from New-York,
now meet no detention.
A j'lto.nx'T is on foot among business
men in iio-ton to unite for the reception
ofacablo dispatch daily in that city,
and thus do away with the present de
pendence upon New-York City.
A m:tti:ii from Leavenworth says
that shafts are being sunk throughout
the State for coal, the surveys made by
prominent geologists warranting tlio
efforts made. Coal has been discovered
in largo quantities upon the prairies and
within a radius of ten miles from Leav
enworth, but there aro parties boring for
coal within the city proper, and n shaft
has been sunk five hundred feet.
Mits. JKi-'ri:u.s(. Davis writes to a
friend in Charleston, South Carolina:
"Mr. Davis is not slowly, but surely
wtistlngaway, and r look forward to his
Maker's releuso if man does not soon
afford him one. It is very kind of you
to nslc what he wants ; but beyond ci
gars and a little Madeira or Sherry wino
he seems to desire nothing.
Tin: Navy Department has received
a dispatch dated May seventeenth, 18tfi,
rrom Commander Egbert Thompson,
commanding tho United States steamer
Dacotah, announcing tho suro nrrlvnl
or his vessel tit Stanley Harbor, Falk
land Islands, where sIio had touched to
obtain a supply of coal. Tho Jhicolah
Is to Join the Pacific Squadron.
Point Lookout, at tho mouth or tho
Potomac River, has been bold to General
liayard, or New York, Air sixty-seven
thousand five hundred dollars. Tho
sale embraces all tho improvements bo
longing to tlio Into owners, and two
hundred and forty acres or land adjacent.
It is expected that tho point will bo re
fitted up by tho proprietor ns u first-class
watering-placo lu timo for tlio next
season.
Tin: monument directed by tho Penn
sylvania Legislature to ho erected to tho
memory of tho celebrated Seneca Cblof
Cornplauteris finished. Itstnndson tlio
Indian Reservation, fifteen miles nbovo
Warren, on tho banks of tho Allegheny.
Thero aro now living threo of tho Corn
planter's children. When tho monu
ment Is dedicated tlio Indians on tho
Reservation will bo present In aboriginal
costume.
Tun Cincinnati Commercial Btnten
that Mr. Stevens, of Pennsylvnnln, re
fused to glvo his function to tho schema
of resunectlng tho Louisiana conven.
tion. Ho had always denounced tlmt
convention as bogus, and maintained
his consistency. Rut some- members of
Congress unquestlonnbly encouraged tho
movement. Tho plan was, that tlio
convention should adopt tho Constitu
tional amendment proposed by Con
gress, nnd glvo suffrage to the Freedmon
nnd tako it from ex-Rebels; that tlio
Frecduien and origiual Unlonmen oulv
should voto on tho ratification of theso
acts, under which they would organize
a Stato government, which Congress
would recoganlzo as tho Icgltlmato gov
ernment or Louisiana, Tlioscheinp was
revolutionary uud foolish. Nothing can
bo dono for equal rights by any such
process, and the Congressmen who en
couraged it showed lack both of Judir.
meiit and luinclplo.-tyrWtM 7,-c,
publican, w