RATES OF ADV&BTISING.
All adcertirtMaente for le* th*n I months It
cents P®r liee for each insertion. Spceta I nonces
one-half additional. All resolution* of Assimia
uoas. eotnawaWMlieas of a limited or indiridai
interest and notices of marriages and deaths, ox
oeediag f.r tinea W eta per baa All taa> noti
ce* of #f*7 kind, end ail Orphans' Court and
other Judicial sales, are required bjr law to be pub-
Imbad la both papers, editorial Ketone It eaaU
perlma. AU Adrertieiag doe alter tr*t in taction.
A liberal dieeeaat made to j early adrertieera.
3 n'uu. t months, t tear
Oae tqaara $ iM t Ate 110.00
T squares AM SOD 14.M
Three aquarm AM 11.M) JO.M
Oae-fimnh colamn 4.50 St.tt JAOC
Half eetooui >.BM OMI 4AM
One column 3A.M 44.M 86.M
Vrw*r*r* I,l*l.—Wt would tall the special
attention of Post Muter* end subscribers to the
Ivqrtße* to the following synopsis of the .Vt*i
paper law*:
1. A Postmaster is required to give notice ftj
•vfter, (reluming a paper does not answer the lav j
•hen a subscriber doe* not take hi* paper out o)
the office, and state the reason* tor its not being
taken: and a neglect to do to make* the Postmas
ter r*pi.,nril>U to the publisher* for he payment
2. Any person who take* a paper from the Po*t
office. Whether directed to bit name or another or
whether he ha* subscribed or not ia responsible
for the pay.
3. If a person order* hi* paper discontinued, he
most pay ail arrearagii. or the publisher may
continue to send it until payment it made, and
ollect the whole amount, winker it be taken from
tke office err not. There can bn b. legal diecontin
ueaee until the payment is mad*.
4. If the subscriber orders his paper to be
stopped at a certain time, and the publisher oon
tinuet to send, the •ebreriber i bound to pay for
it, if ke take, it out of tke Poet Ofice. The law
P'ooeeds upon the ground that a man most pa*
for what he nee*.
5. The coune have decided that refusing to Uke
newspaper* and periwdieala from the Post office,
er removing and having them uncalled for. U
fema facia evidence of inteecicnal fraud.
grofttsiamil ft Cards.
ATTORNEYS AT LAW.
YY C . HOLA HA N ,
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW,
Bcaroap, Pa.
Jan. 18, '7O-tf
ALBX. KTWG. JR.,
.4 TTORXgY-A T-IA W.
BEDFORD, Pa.,
All business entrusted to his care wili receive
prompt and cerefui attention Office three doors
Snath of the Court House, lately occupied fly J.
W. liickerson. nov26
AND LINGEXFELTER,
ATTORNBYB AT LAW, aaoroan, pa.
Hare formed a partnership ia the practice of
the Law, ia new brick building near the Lutheran
Church. [April 1, 1889-tf
jyj. A. POINTS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW, BEDPOBD, Pa.
Respectfully tenders his professional services
to the public. Office in the Inqtti naßuiid ing,
(second floor.)
Collections promptly made. [April,]'69-tf.
ESPY M. ALSIP,
ATTORSKT AT LAW, Banpoan, Pa.,
Will faithfully and promptly attend to all busi
ness entrusted to hi* care ia Bedford and adjoin
n g counties. Military claim*, Pensions, back
pay, Bounty, Ac. speedily collected. Office with
Mann A Spaag, on Juliana street, 2 doors soutk
of the Menge! House. apl 1, 1809.—tf.
JR. DCRBORROW,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Bnroan, Pa.,
Will attend promptly to all business intrusted to
his earn Collection* made on the shortest no
tice.
He •-(, *to, a regularly licensed Claim Agent
sol ail give special attention to the prosecution
'.lis t against the Government for Pensions,
Back I ay, Bounty, Bounty Lands, Ac.
Office on Julian* street, one deor South of the
Inquirer office, and nearly opposite the 'Mengel
House" April 1, 1869:tf
V. L. aCMELU J. a. LOXBRRECK.KR
RUSSELL A LONGENECKKR,
Atrroaaars A COCHSBLLOU* AT Lav,
Bedford, Pa.,
Will attend promptly sad faithfully to all busi
ness entrusted to their care. Special attention
given to collections and the prosecution of claims
tor Back Pay, Bounty, Pensions, Ac.
SW" Office on Juliana street, south cf the Court
House. Apri ldW-lyr.
• M'o. SHARPS a. R. IISR
A KERB.
A TTORXE YS-A T-LA W.
Will practice in the Court* of Bedford and ad
joining conn lie*. All business entrusted to their
care will receive careful and prompt attention.
Pensions, Bounty, Back Pay, Ac., speedily col
lected from the Gorernment.
Office on Julians street, opposite the banking
house of Reed A Schell. Bedford. Pa. Apr l;69:tf
PHYSICIANS.
B. F. HARRY,
Respectfully tenders hi* professional ser
vices to the citisens of Bedford and vicinity.
Office an i residence on Pitt Street, in the building
formerly occupied by Dr. J. H. Hoflus. [Ap'l 1,69.
MISCELLANEOUS.
TACOB BRENNEMAN.
WOODBERRY. PA
SCRIVENER. CONVEYANCER, LICENSED
CLAIM AGENT, and Ex-Officio JUSTICE
OF THE PEACE,
Will attend<e all business entrusted into bis bands
witb promptness and despatch. Will remit mon
ey by draft to any part of the country. 17sely
DANIEL BORDER,
PITT KTRSXT, TWO DOOR* WBST OP TBB IKD
PORD HOTEL, BXIPOUD, Pa.
WATCHMAKER AND DEALER IN JEWEL
RY. SPECTACLES. AC.
He keep* on hand n stock of fine Gold and Sil
ver Watches, Spectacle* of Brilliant Double Refin
ed Glasses, also Scotch Pebble Glasses. Gold
Watch Chains. Breast Pins. Finger Rings, best
quality of Gold Pens. He will supply to order
any thing in his line aot on hand. [aj>r.2S.'Si.
W~ GROUSE"
• DEALTA T
CIGARS, TOBACCO, PIPES, AC.
On Pitt street one door east of Geo. R. Oster
A Co.' Store, Bedford. Pa., i* now prepared
to Ml! by wholesale all kinds of CIGARS. All
orders promptly filled. Persons desiring anything
in his line will do well to give him a call.
Bedford April 1. *..
P N. HICKTOK",
DENTIST.
Office at the old stand in
BARE BCILDISQ. Juliana ST.. BEDFORD.
AH operations pertaining to
Surgical and Mecht nical Dentistry
performed with care and
WARRANTED.
Anctetketice adminietered, ecken deeired. Ar
tificial teeth iuecrud at, per est, 88.00 and up
ward.
A* I am determined to do a CASH BUSINESS
or nooc, I have reduced the prices for Artificial
Teeth at the various kiode. 2* per cent- end of
Gold fillings S3 per cent This reduction will he
made only to strictly Cash Patient*, and all each
will receive prompt attention. 7feb6S
WM. LLORO
BANKER.
Transacts a General Basking Business, and makes
collections on all accessible point* in
the United State*.
GOVERNMENT SECURITIES. GOLD, SIL
VER, STERLING and CONTINENTAL
EXCHANGE bought and soldi
C. S. RB\ ENCE STAMPS of all description*
always on hand.
Accounts of Merchants, Mechanics, Farmers and
*ll other solicited.
INTEREST ALLOWED ON TIME DEPOSITS.
Jan. 7, '79.
EXCHANGE HOTEL,
HUNTINGDON, PA.
. "yi'kmwt having been leased by
J. MORRISON, formerly proprietor of the Mer
fMtm House, has been entirely renovated and re
iareshod end supplied with all the modern im.
P'ovemeet* end conveniences necessary to a first,
das. Hotel.
The diking room has been removed to the fire!
f°" r *°d * now spacious and airy, and the cham
bers are all well ventilated, and the proprietor
T endoasov to make hie guests perfectly at
Address, J. MORRISON.
... Kxcnavnn BOTCL,
****** mmkmim H
VM) c_ IB cMotD 3111 qr tot.
LUTZ & JORDAN) BdUunandProprietor*.
fnqttim Cfptuom.
"£0 ADVERTISERS:
THE BEDFORD INQUIRER.
PUBLISHED
EVERY FRIDAY MORNING,
BT
LUTZ A JORDAN,
OFFICE ON JULIANA STREET,
BEDPORD, PA.
THE BEST ADVERTISING MEDIUM
IK
SOUTH- WESTERN PENNSTL VANIA.
CIRCULATION OVER 1500.
ROME AND FOREIGN ADVERTISE
MENTS INSERTED ON REA
SONABLE TERMS.
k FIRST CLASB NEWSPAPER
TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION-.
12.00 PER ANNUM, IN ADVANCE
JOB PRINTING.
ILL KINDS OF JOB WORK DONE
WITH
NEATNESS AND DISPATCH , j
AND IN THB
LATEST 4 MOST APPROVED STYLE,
SUCH AS
POSTERS OF ANT BIZR,
CIRCULARS,
BUSINESS CARDS
WEDDING AND VISITING CARDS.
BALL TICKETS,
PROGRAMMES,
CONCERT TICKETS,
ORDER BOOKS,
BEGAR LABELS,
RECEIPTS,
LEGAL BLANKS,
PHOTOGRAPHER'S CARDS,
BILL HEADS,
LETTER HEADS,
PAMPHLETS,
PAPER BOOKS,
ETC. ETC. ETC. ETC. ETC 1
'
Oar faeilltUt far doiag ill kind* of Job Pristiag j ,
ra by rrj faw aatablirhmaau is the
saaatry. Ordon by mail promptly #IUd. An
lattarr aboald b* adireasad ta
LUTE A JORDAN.
a local a lib General Uttospaprr, Drbotrb 10 ilolmrs,' ©buration. literature anb iHorals.
§?oftn{.
NOBODY.
If nobody's noticed TOO, yon inuet be small;
If nobody's slighted you, you must be tall;
If nobody's bowed le yon, you must be low ;
If nobody's kissed yon, you're ugly, we know.
If nobody's envied yon, you're a poor elf;
If nobody's flattered you, you've flattered
yourself:
If nobody's cheated you, you are a knave;
If nobody s bated you, you are a slave.
If nobody's called you a fool to your lace,
Somebody's wished for your back in its place;
If nobody's called you a tyrant or scold,
Somebody thinks you of spiritless mould.
If nobody knows of your fault* but a friend,
Xcbodv will miss them at the world's end ;
II nobody clings to your purse like a fawn,
Nobody'll run like a bound when its gone.
It nobody's eateo his bread from your store,
Nobody'll call you a miserable bore;
If nobody slandered you—here is our peo,
Sign yourself '"Nobody,'' quick as you can.
OUR MINERAL. HEALTH.
Remarks of General Cameron
j In the I. nited States Senate. March 7th.
on the occasion of presenting a memorial !
sttting forth the imporVmce of the anthra I
■ cite and bituminous coal interests of Penn- i
sylttania.
_ President In presenting this peti
; t ' on I w i"'> to call the attention of Senatur
to the interesting region from which it
comes, and to submit some facts concerning
its wonderful development; trusting tbat
: exhibit will prove useful by inducing
this body to reflect on the vast interests now
held in the anthracite aod other coal pro
ducing territory of the count*?. I am not
without hope tbat an intelligent study ol
this subject will show the importance ol
such legislation as shall continue the devel
opment of the coal fields of the whole conn
| try, and so prevent the destruction of the
industries which furnish a market for this
important article, and mainly depend on its
production.
All that I shall recount has taken place
within my own memory and under my own
observation. hen I was a young man
the land from which such vast wealth has
beeo extracted was a wilderness. It could
be bought for fifteen or twenty cents an
sere, aod no one would have it at any price.
To pay the taxes on it wa* deemed f.dly and
extravaganoe. Then population was sparse
and comfort unknown. Now this whole
region teems with a busy throng, and it has
become the abode of opulence, intelligence,
and refinement. On the earth's surface the
unending labor of well paid men goes on,
and far down in the mines the busy scenes
of the upper world are repeated.
The anthracite coal region of Peousylva
n'" which comprises all of any importance
in the eo an try—is confined within an area
of 470 square miles, or 300,000 acres. I j
state this now, that it may be remembered ;
when I come to speak of the enormous pro- ;
duel ion which has been attained, and the
vast capital which is now invested in this j
coal territory. I present the increase in
mined coal, and population, in Schuylkill
county, Pennsylvania, giving the figures
with critical accuracy; while, as to the pop
ulation directly subsisting and attributable
to the mining interest in the remaining parts
of the hard coal region. I estimate from
reliable data aod an intimate knowledge of
the locality and a personal observation ol
the subject.
The year IS2O marked the beginning of
anthracite coal mining in our country. The
population of the county of Schuylkill—be
fore referred to—and the number of tons
mined were as follows, at the beginning ol
each decade since 1820:
Tout
tear. Population. Mined.
181° J 1.336 315
ls3 ° - 28.754 89,954
• 26.081 452.291
ISM 63,205 |,712,t*07
I& '° 133,000 4,r4K,0
The population and production for the
same period in the entire 470 square miles i
of anthracite ooal lands were as follows, the
population being estimated at a low figure, {
and, I thiok, upon a basis which will bear '
the closest investigation successfully:
Tone. ;
' ear. Population. Mined, j
lt>2 20,000 365
1830 45,000 174,734
1840 70,000 864.353
18M 130,000 3,355.866
1560 .... 220.000 8.412,846
iB6O 350,000 15,723,038
The amount of anthracite coal yet in the
earth is as follows, the area and the thick
ness of the veins beiug accurately known:
Depth of
Square coat
utile*, yard*. Tone.
Central eoal fields 128 15 5,854.961,000
Southern coal fields.... 146 25 11,308,842,000
Northern coal fie1d5...193 15 9,179,572,ti00
Total 470 26,343,757,000
.Deduct J waste in mining „....13,171,828,500
! —which !esres ©f marketable co] 13,171,928,500
tone, or a depot-it equal to an annual supply
of 20,000,000 tons for 600 years, and of vast
; !y greater value than all the mineral depos
its of many nations of the earth, aud by no
means contemptible na> ions either,
i But vast a9 this undeveloped wealth is,
j and astonishing a- its development has been,
j it is but a trifle when compared to the bitu
mioous coal deposits of our country, or in
deed of Pennsylvania. Within a circle ot
one hnodred miles, of which Pittnburgb, in
the western extremity of my State, is the
center, there is enough bituminous coal in
the earth to pay off the natiooal debts of all
the governments of the world many times
over. And it hat been estimated, from gt-ol
ogic-al surveys, tbat this coal would pay our
national debt fifty-four times if its stupen
dous value could be realized at once. This,
you will please remember, is in Western
Pennsylvania alone, and only comprises one
description of a particular wealth, which is
surrounded, and to some extent dwarfed, by
other wooderful resources in tbat section of
our State.
It is impossible to overestimate the value
of this wealth, or its relations to other in
dustries. It is to day the foundation of our
wealth, and a glance at the di-tribotion of
bituminous coal over the country indicates
clearly to my mitid that development ot this
single inserest is the basis for a prosperity,
under wise laws, which would do more than
anything else to render us independent of
every external influence, however it might
be exerted.
The following table will show tbe area of
BEDFORD, PA., FRIDAY, MARCH 18. 187Q.^
j the bituminous and cannel coal deposits of
j the country as far ss is accurately known:
. Sutler. Square mils*.
: Pennsylvania 12.64*
Maryland S5
: West Virginia 14,060
East Virginia 224
North Carolina a
Tennessee 3,T00
Georgia 17®
Alabama 4,so*
Kentucky 13,7f
j Ohio 7,190
' Indiana ........... #,769
Illinois ... ?.,one
Michigan 13.000
Iws 24,0U0
Missouri 21,001'
I Nebraska „ 4.1H 6
| Kansas . 12,000
Arkansas 12,00*
Indian Territory 10, not
Texas 3,0tH1
Oregon. s<-0
Washington Territory 478
West of the Rocky M0untain5............... 5,060
Showing a total of square miles of 194,216
And to this must be added of tertiary
coals around the Rocky Mountains. 200,000
Making s grand total of. 264,21#.
square miles of coal within our borders, or
more than thirty-one times as much as there
is in Pennsylvania, together with 300 square
miles of anthracite in Rhode Island and
Massachusetts, and 100 square miles in
Oregon; these however, are "ot important
deposits euJ are of very little value.
These statistic* sre taken from Darrow's
j " Coal aod Oil," and may be deemed as re-
I liable as any work on the subject attainable
to the student of such affairs. Those rela
j 'ing to the anthracite coal are supplied by
j Mr. Bannan, who for fifty years has ob
: served and studied the subject
In Pennsylvania, notwithstanding her
1 rugged surface and ber numerous mountaiu
1 chains- in spite of the fact that a mile ol
I railroad in our State costs many times as
much as in some others, we now have more
miles of railroad than any otLer State in the
Cnion, while our capital invested in there
far surpasses that of any o'her, amounting
in the aggregate to $300,000,000.
As an indication of the value of coal in
developing nearly every decription of inter
mil improvement, iet me call your attention
to the fact that, to carry our Schuylkill an
thracite coals to market, we have invested
in
Railroad,- ; $49,900,090
Canal" 27,0lt0,00
Mining operations and lands 15.000,000
60,006,000
While in the residue we have in
Railroads $40,000,000
Canals 49.0t1e.0m1
Mining operations and lands 13.000,000
A grand total of 205,000,000
The amount iovested in like improve
ments for sending our bituminous coal for
ward I have no means of accurately de
termining; but it is very large. For the
greater ares, and the greater distance inland j
at which our soft or bituminous coal is |
placed, involves a greater outlay for trans
portation. The yield of this description du
ring the last yesr was 14,117,628 tons, and j
was ehtefly produced from the Bute of
Pennsylvania
And while the capital invested in mining
operaiions is not so large as in the anthra
cite region, this marked difference exists be
tween tbe.-e great interests, and is Well
worthy ol remembrance. The bituminous
coal is situated far in the interior, it suffers
greater wastage in mining and carriage than
hard ooal, and it is open to the competition
of a foreign product, having all the advan
tage of cheap ocean carriage, whiie our soft
coal must rely on artificial modes of trans
portation, built at enormous ex|*eDse over a
great mountain range, to bring it to tide
water and an eastern market.
It will be observed that these coal miners
do not petition you to protect their e-peeial
product. But. with a clear appreciation ol
the iurimate relation between all branches
of productive industry in our country, they
ask Congress to protect American labor aod
home manafac'ures, well knowing that
everything which vitalizes production viral
ires every material interest of the country,
and especially its greatest interest —labor.
I hope the statesmanship of these hardy
miners may be reflected by members of Con
gress whenever the threatened onslaught on
American industry shall be made in the in
terest of British capital, in these balls, un
der the label of "Free Trade" or a 'Tariff
for Revenue."
I have already adverted to the fact that
| my own State has more miles of railroad
: than any other, and that the cost per mile
; is greater than in other States; and I have
| justly attributed this supremacy to the coal
mining Before I leave this branch of the
subject let me add another fact which will
doubtless be interesting. Beneath tbe sur
face, far down in tbe mines (in some in
stances as much as 1,500 feet below the
level of tbe river), we have io the small an
ihracite regions more than 400 miles of rail
road, not included in the aggregate of rail
ways in the State. I may be moee success
ful in placing this fact before Senators by
assuring them that these subterranean rail
ways would, if formed into one eontinnous
line, reach from Boston to Washington; or
they would form a double track road from
here to New Yurk, and back again to where
I speak.
While the subject on which I now ad
dres < you is of national importance, I have
confioed my illustrations entirely within my
native State. The personal knowledge and
familiarity I possess in relation to the sub
ject as it bas developed about my borne, and
also tbe higher degree of skill that has been
attained with us than in other sections has
governed me in this design. And. pursuing
that course, I call attention to the cities of
Philadelphia and Pittsburgh in Pennsyl
vania as eminently illostrative of the benefits
flowing from coal, as shown in creating and
maintaining home manufactures and home
industry. When the commercial interests
of the country were transferred to New
York, and Philadelphia lost her supremacy
as the emporium of the nation, her people
at once directed their attention to the
creation of the wares aud fabrics which she
had formerly been content to exchange.
Tbe resnlt is that instead of sinking under
the withdrawal of commerce she is now the
greatest manufacturing city on the conti
nent. Sbe has a better fed, better clothed
and better paid population than any city in
ibis country. And she has tbe best boused
population of any city on tbe globe.
Second to Philadelphia in this last par
ticulai (and in the extent of her products
second to Philadelphia alone) is Pi-tsburgh,
in the western part of the State I, in part,
represent. . Here is the great work shop of
our iron manufactures. And hete too, as
in our ea-tern city, th* same natural wealth
—coal—forna the bais and foundation of
her prosperity. Here is to be seen thrift,
industry, intelligence, admirable schools,
. magnificent churches, noble charities, and
freedom as near perfect as can be found
anywhere. While less than half a down
Bruit h corsairs were sweeping our commerce
from every sea, this city sent one continual
Stream ol cannon, shot and shell—yes, aod
heroic men—to save the nation's life from
the greatest danger which ever has, or ever
can threaten it. And while our commercial
marine sunk under its few and not very
formidable assailants, this busy hive of la
bar and industry sent you the means of
utterly destroying the mightiest armies, ex
cept our own, which ever waged wsr. Oui
blockade was maintained alone by the em.]
■hipped from the wharves of Philadelphia
to our naval vessels at their stations. The
battle of Gettysburg prevented the destruc
of the anthracite coal mines. It al-o pre"
vented the destruction of our blockade.
And that crowning victory was won became
in some parts of our country productive in
dustry enabled us to place great armies in
the field, and to supply them with the ma
j terial of war. To-day the inadequate pro
section given to it preveots universal bank
ruptcy and national shame. Adequate pro
lection will secure to ns everything which
this Government needs.
As the means of national welfare, assault
defense aod maintenance, I contrast the
two, sod, seemingly, antagonistic interests
of commerce and production; and I shall
not shrink from a candid examination of
their relative importance to our country in
either peace or war.
And I will go fuitber. lam content, by
this comparison, to test this whole question.
I insist that the policy of protection is the
true policy to apply for securing the devel
•ipment of every source of wealth, commerce
included. By this wise poliey the fanner
puts in his pockets as a profit the freight
he must now pay to bring his crops to mark
et, for the workshops springing up all over
the country, under this policy of protection,
brings the market to his baro door. The
transporter, losing this source of income,
finds it more than made good by the abund
snt freightage pouring from thousands ol
distant workshops in every part of the coun
try, seeking the seaboard and a foreign
market. And here, too, when our artizan
attain a higher skill, our machinery reaches
perfection, and our abilitv to produce is fos
tered, you will find the reliable foundation
for a commerce which, like that of Great
Britiao, siuce she developed her coal, will
be aggressive and enduring. The working
man will find his subsistence cheapent-d b\
transferring his dwelliog to the teeming
"arm land* from which he must be fed, be
he where he may. The churches, schools
and benevolent institutions flourish when
the masses who earn their bread by labor
are fully employed, cheaply fed and weli
paid. The revenues of the country are cer
tain and generous then; and indeed, bu-i
--ness, in all its ramifications, prospers when
labor is prosperous The capital of every
nation is its labor. When this is well and
profitably invested, all goes well. When
labor languishes, ail perish together in a
common ruin.
These petitioners come before yon asking
no light thing. There is no selfi-hness i,.
i heir prayer; they know they cannot be in
jured by competition, but they see clearly
that the department of labor in which thry
are engaged underlies development and hap
pioess. They see that the high state ot
prosperity which marks the surrounding re
gioo of their coal fields is traceable to coal.
They are not confined in their request by-
State lines or by local jealousy ; they point
out the way to make every country as pros
perous as the favored locality in which they
live, and they simply ak yon to adopt ana
tional policy which .-hall benefit evety part
of the country. If the coal of Great Bri
tian and of Pennsylvania has been the basis
■il a sound prosperity, we only ask you to d<>
that which makes other States possessing the
s-ime blessing equally or more prosperous.
Render useful to their future development
and happiness the 400,000 square miles ol
coal which underlies nearly every State in
the Union, and so use the benefits vouch
safed to our people rather than spurn them.
I now close with this imperfect refetenee
to the subject 1 have alluded to with a hope
that it will commend itself to the minds of
Senator', and when ihese great interests are
assailed, that a candid aod conscientious in
quiry will be made by each about the justice
and propriety of crippling our now growing
manufactures and producers for the beuefit
of a nation which, having attained high per
fection in machinery, almost crushing pow
er in capital, and degraded the wages of
labor to a point bordering on starvation, now
seeks by tree trade to make of us only a cus
tomer for her workshops and a helpless de
pendent on her for the necessities of life and
the comforts of civilization.
The petition, on motion of General Cam
eron was referred to the Committee on Fi
nances.
WHAT PIANOS ARE MADE OF. —How
few of the young ladies who daily finger pi
anos have any conception of the variety aud
combination of materials used in their cen
struction. In every well made piano there
are fifteen different ktnds of wood —pine,
maple, spruce, cherry, walnut, wbitewood.
apple, basswood, cedar, birch, mahogany.
• bony, holly, beech and rosewood. Tto
eonibioation of woods is nece-sary in order
to produce elasticity, strength, pliability,
toughness, resonance, lightness, durability
and beauty, each quality being individual
in itself, and to the production of which the
various woods named are essential. Of the
metals used there are iron, steel, bra.-s,
*hite metal, gnn metal and lead. Each io
strnment of seven and a half octaves has
two hundred and fourteen strings, making
a total of seveo hundred and eighty seven
feet of white covering wire. A piano prop
erly constructed of these materials, wtll
staud fifteen years of constant use. The
journal from which we derive these inter
esting facts, slates that the manufacture of
pianos in New York alone averages fifteen
thousand per annum.
FACTS FOR THE FAlß.—Observant
Frenchmen, skilled in medical science, re
port, as the result or much investigation
and observation, that since women have
loosened their corsets the annual mortality
has decreased 184 per cent. On the other
hand it is statistically proven that since wo
men have loaded their heads with enormous
and hideous chignons, cerebral fevers have
increased 72| per cent There is matter for
serious reflection on these facts.
Tbcy who give willingly love to give
quickly
TUB UE3TLE HAND
BT T. 8. ARTHCB.
W hen sod where, it matters not now to
relate—but once upon a time, as I was pass
ing through a thinly peopled district of
country, night came down upon me almost
unaware*. Being on foot, I could not hope
to gain the village toward which my steps
were directed, until a late hour; aod I there
fore preferred seeking shelter aod a night's
lodging at the first bumble dwelling tbat
presented itself.
Dusky twilight was giving place to dark
i er shadows, when I fonnd myself in the
■ vicinity of a dwelling, from the small uncur
| tamed windows of which the light shone
j with a pleasant promise of good cheer sal
j comfort. The bouse stood within an en
j closure, and a short distance from the road
along which I was moving with w.-arii d
leet. Turning aside, and passing through
the ill-hung gate, I approached the dwell
ing. Slowly the gate swung on its wooden
binges, and the rattle of its latch, in elo-ing.
did not disturb the air until I had nearly
reached the little porch in front of the
house, in which a slender girl, who had no
ticed my entrance, stood waiting my arrival.
A deep, quick bark answered, almost like
an echo, the sound of the shutting gate,
and, sudden ss an apparition, the form of a
immense dog loomed in the doorway. At
the instant when be was about to spring, a
light hand was laid upon his shaggy neck
and a low word spoken.
"Go in. Tiger," said the gir). not in a
voice of authority, yet in her genrle tones
•as the consciousness that she would he
obeyed ; and. as she spoke, she lightly bore j
upon the animal with her hand, and be
turn.d away, and disappeared within the i
dwelling.
"W bo s that?" A rough voiee asked the
question; and now a heavy looking man took
the dog's place in the door.
"How far u it to G ■?" I a-ked, not
filming it best to (•ay, in the begining. tbat
I sought a restini place for the night.
"To G ?" growled the man, but not
so harshly as at first. "It's good six miles
from here."
A long distance; aui I'm a stranger,
and on foot, said I. "If t©u can make
room for me until morning, I will be very
thankful.''
I saw the girl's hand move quickly up his
arm. until it rested upon his shoulder, and
now she leaned to him still closer.
"Come in. We'll try what can be done
for you."
There was a change in the man's voice
that made me wonder.
I entered a large room, in which blazad a
brisk fire. Before the fire sat two stoat
-ads, who turned upon me their heavy eyes,
with no very welcome greeting. A middle
aged woman was standing at a table, and
two children were amusing themselves with
a kitten on the floor.
' A stranger, mother," said the man who
had given me so rude a greeting at the
door; and he wants us to let him stay all
night."
The woman looked at me doubting'.y for
a few moments, and then replied coldly—
"Wc don c kp a public hou*e. rt
"I am aware of that ma am," said I;
"but night has overtaken me, and it's along
way yet to "
"Too far for a tired m3n to go on foot,"
said the master of the house, kindly, "so
it's no use talking about it, mother; we
tnu.-t give him a bed."
So unobtrusively that I scarcely noticed
the movement, the girl had drawn to the
woman's side. What she said to her I did
not hear, for the brief words were uttered
in a low voice; but I noticed, a? she spoke,
one. small, fair hand rested on the woman's
hand. Was there magic in that gentle
touch ? The woman's repul.-ive aspect
changed into one of kindly welcome, and she
-aid :
"Yes, it's a long way to G . I guess
we can find a place for him."
Many times more during that evening
did I observe the magic power of that hand
and voice—the one gentle yet potent as the
other.
On the next morning, breakfast being
over, I was preparing to take my departure,
when my host informed me tbat if I would
wait for half an hour he would give me a
tide in bis wagon to G , as business
required him to go there. I was very well
pleased to accept of the invitation. In due
time, the farmer's wagon was driven into
the road before the house, and I was invited
to get in. I noticed the horse as a rough
looking Canadian pony, with a certain air of
stubborn endurance. As the farmer took
his seat by my side, the family came to the
door to sec us off.
"Dick!" said the farmer, in a peremp
tory voice, giving the reign a quick jerk as
he spoke.
Dick moved not a step.
"Dick! you vagabond ! get up." And
the farmer's whip cracked sharply by the
pony's ear.
It availed not, however, this second ap
peal. Dick stood firmly disobedient. Next
the whip was brought down upon him with
an impatient hand; but the poDy only rear
ed up a little. Fast and sharp the strokes
were next dealc to the number of half-a
dozen. The man might as well have beaten
bis wagon, for all his end was gained.
A stout lad came now out into the ro-.J,
and catching Dick by the bridle, jerked him
forward, using at the same time, the cus
tomary language on such occasions, but
Dick met this new ally with increased stub
bornoess, planting his forefeet more firmiy,
and at a sharper angle with the ground.
The impatient boy now struck the pony on
the side of his head with his clenched hand,
and jerked cruelly at hi* bridle. It availed
nothing, however; Dick was not to be
wrought upon by any such arguments.
' Don't do so, John!" I turned my head
as the sweet maiden's voice reached my ear.
She was passing through the gate into the
road, and, in tbo next moment, bad tken
hold of the lad and drawn him away from
the animal. No strength was exerted in
this; she took hold of his arm, and he obey
ed her wish as readily as if he had no
thought beyond her gratification.
And now tbat soft band was laid gently
on the pony's neck, and a single low word
spoken. How instantly were the tense
muscles relaxed—how quickly the stubborn
air vanished.
"Poor Dick!" said the maiden, as she
stroked bis neck lightly, or softly patted it
with a child like hand.
"Now, go along, you provoking fellow !**
she added in a half-chiding, yet affectionate
voioe, as sfco drew op the bridle" The pony
VOL. 43: \0 11.
turned toward her, and rubbed bis bear)
against her arm for an instant or two; then,
pricking up his ears, be started off at a
light, cheerful trot, and went on bis way as
freely as if no silly crotchet had ever entered
his siliy brain.
' What a wonderful power that hand pos
sesses said I, speaking to my companion
as we rode away.
He looked at we for a uiooieut an if wj
remark had occasioned surprise. Tkeo
light came into his countenance, and ho said
briefly
' She's good ! Everybody tud everything
loves her."
Was that indeed the secret of h-r power?
Was the quality of her soul j-ereeived in h.
j impression of her hand, even by brut,
beasts' The father's explanation was. doubt
j 'e<s, the trueoDe. Yet have I ever sine
wondered, and still do wonder at the poteo
cy which lay in that maiden s magic touch.
| 1 have *en something of tbe same power
showing itself in the loving and the good,
i but never to tbe extent io-vtanecd in her,
; whom, for want of a better name. 1 must
still Call "Gentle Hand."
QUITO.
The authentic history of Quito goes back
; well nigh a thousand years, and is then lo.<
iin the night of fable. In 1475, when Co
lotubus was dreaming of voyaging across the
unknown ocean. Huayna-C'apae, tbe grea>
Inca of Peru, marched from Cuxeo a thou
sand miles to the south, defeated the mnn
arch of Quito," took tbe city, and made ii
I the capital of his great empire. H„w tbi
march could have been peiformed is hardly
| conceivable, for there is no reason to sup-
I pose that a road of any kiod existed. The
; Inca s dominion lasted barely elxtyyeajr.
when it was overthrown by the Spaniard-.
But in that brief period works were on
-tructed which will rank among the mo-t
stupendous ever made by human hands.
Quito grew into a magnificent city. In the
words of Mr. Orton, "It was tLe worthy
metropolis of a vast empire stretching from
:he equator to the desert of Atacama, and
walled ic by the grandest group of moan
tains in the world. On this lofty site,
which amidst the Alps would be buried in
au avalanche of snow, but within the tropic
enjoys an eternal spring, palaces more bcau
iul than tbe Alhambra were erected glitter
ing with the gold and jewels of the Andes
Bat most wonderful of all was the great
military road, stretching along the flank ol
the eastern Cordillera, from above Quito to
below Ouzco—weil nigh fifteen hundred
miles. From tbe detached portions of it
which Humboldt saw, he felt warranted in
pronouncing that it vied with the famous
Roman military roads. Mr. Orton. who
traveled over a portion of this ancient road,
-ays that it "is well paved with blocks ol
dark porphyry. It is not graded, but par
takes of the irregularity of the country.
Desigoed, not for carriages, but for troop.-
and I atnas, there are steps whtre tbe as
cent is steep. We can not now learn thai
there now exist in Quito any remains of In
ca architecture. "A!i it* splendor," says
j Mr. Orton, "passed away with the scepter
I"f Ataphuallpa. Where the pavilion o f
the Inca once stood is now a gloomy eon
vent, and a wheat field takes the place o!
the Temple of the Sun."
The Quito of to-day is a dull Spat i-b-
American city of 30,000 inhabitants, three
fourths of them Indians or mixed breeds—
Indian, Spanish, aod negro. There are
two or three rather imposing public build
ings, the Government House and the Cath
edral being the principal. The dwel ing
are low Indian huts and houses tu-It of sun
dried brick, none of them more than tw<-
stories. "There is not."' says Mr. Orton.
"in Quito —and, for the matter of that, in
all Ecuador—a single chimney." Tbe bulk
of tbe population consists of Cbolos, the
offspring of Spaniards and Indians, the In
dian blood greatly predominating. Contra
ry to what is usually held to be the case,
they are more enterprising and intelligent
than their progenitors of either raee. Thvj
are soldiers, artisans, and trade-men who
keep up the only signs of life in Quito. In
eoorte.-y they are lully equal to the mosi
decorous Castiliso. —From " The Andes
and tbe Amazon," Harper's Magazine fur
February.
FIGHT VOl'K WAV IP.
Tbe many who have to take the world
rough and tumble are prone to envy ih,
few who roll through it unjolted in cu-h
iooed vehicles on patent springs. Ttc
toiler, as he stumbles through its thorn)
thickets and climbs over its loot-blistering
gravel, is apt to curse the ill luck that placed
him on such a hard road, and to sigh fur a
-eat in one of the splendid equipage- j
that glide so smoothly over fortunes ma
cadamized turnpike. Born with a pewtet
spoon in his mouth, he covets the silver j
one which wa* the birthright of his well to
do neighbor. Occupation is the "inimtdi j
ate jewel "of life. It is true that riches
are no bar to exertion. Quite the reverse,
when their uses are properiy understood.
But the discontented worker who pines for
wealth, without being willing to laboi for it,
r< gards the idleness in which it would cn
alj.e bitn to live as tbe acme of temporal
hap: iness. He has no idea of money as a
gre t motive power, to be applied in enter I
pii.-es that give healthful employment to
mind and body. All to loaf laxuriou-ly.
We have no sympathy with such sensuous
longings. People who indulge in them i
never acquire wealth. They lack the en- |
ergy to break their way to the world ; y inde
pendence for which tbey yearn and whine.
They don't know bow much more glorious
it is to tear affluence from oppa-irg fate by
main strength of will and inflexibility ol
purpose, than to receive it as a windfall.
There is infinitely more satisfaction in con
quering a fortune than was ever experienced
by a "lucky heir" in obtaining the golden
store which *otue thrifty hand had aocumu
lated. Your accidental Cioesus knows ooih
iog of the pride of success—of honest ex
ultation with which the self made man looks j
back upon the impediments he has over j
come, and forward into the far future which
he has earned the right to enjoy.
A faithful friend is a strong defence.
Modesty has more charms than beauty, j
Confidence is the companion of success. j
Buisneas neglected is bu-iness lost.
An idle brain i* the devi'ls workshop-.
Anger and has:e hinder good counsel.
Abundance, like want, ruins many.
Against misfortune oppiose courage: a
gainst fashion, re*? lD.
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Single copies of the paperfarnUbed.io w ripper*
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Comma nidation* en 'object* of local or general
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All lettars pertaining to be tin est of tha off"*
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TAJ'lt'A A JOBhAK, BeoroHit. PA.
TEA AND COFFEE.
Taking into aeeouot the habits of the
people, tea aod coffee for supper and break
fast add 10 hutnao health and life, if a sin
ale cup he taken at either meal, and is Derer
ncreased in strength, frequency or quantity,
ff they were stimulant", and were taken
hua in moderation and with uniformity,
hev would, in titae, become either ioert, or
he system would become so habituated to
their employment as to remaiti in the same
relative position to theiu, if the> had never
■een used, and consequently, as to tbetn
-elve they had better never been used as
they arc so liable to abuse. But science and
j 'act unite in declaring tbeuj to be nutritious
is well as a stimulant; hence they will do a
new good to tbe system every day, to the
ml of life, just as bread and fruits do;
'itrice we never get tired of either. But the
use of bread and fruits is daily abused by
multitude*, and dyspepsia and cholera mor
bus result; yet we ought not to forego their
; employment on that account, nor sbocld we
'orcgo u*e of tea and coffee because their in
ordinate u-e gives neuralgic.* snd other ail
ments:
But the habitual use of tea and coffee, at
'he first and last meals of the day, has
mother high advantage—is productive of
incalculable good in the way of averting
evils.
We will driuk at our meat*, and if we da
not driuk these, we will drink what is worse
—cold water, miik. or alcoholic mixtures.
The regular use of these last will lead the
young lo drunkenness; the considerable em
ployment of simple milk, at meals, bv sed
•ntery people—by all, except the robust—
will cither render bilious; while
cold water, largely used—that i, to the x
--tent of a gla*s or two at a meal, especially
in cold wentber—attracts to itself so much
of the system, in raising said water to the
temperature of the body (one hundred de
eree*' thai the process of digestion is ar
reted; in the meanwhile giving rise to a
ieathly sickness of the stomach, to twisting
pain*, to vomitings, to purgings, aod even
•o cramps, to fearful contortions and sud
den death which things would have been
averted had even the same amount of liquid
in the shape of simple hot water been used.
But any one knowing these things, and be
ing prejudiced against the use of tea and
coffee, would sul jcet himself to be most un
ileasantly stared at and questioned, if not
r ciculed, were he to a-k for a eup or glass
of hot water. But as tea and coffee are
now universal beverages, are on every table,
md everybody is expected to take one or the
itber as a matter of course, they arc un
wi tingly the means of safety aod of life to
multitudes. They save life where a glass of
cold water would have destroyed it. So
that the use of these beverages is not mere
y allowable, it is politic, it is a necessity."
—Hall's Journal of Health.
EARLY RISING AN INGENIOUS HI .
Bl'G-LET THE SUN RISE FIRST.
There is no greater delusion than that
which imagines early ri-ing important for
neatro; no greater error tnan tnat abtvl.
places it among the virtues. While early
risiog Las been sung in poetry, and advoca
ted in proverbs from time immemorial, it
has been secretly and rightfully cursed by
its unhappy victims ever since civilization
conceived the idea of comfort But we are
ill so bound by the law of custom, so en
deared to a proverb or a musty sentiment,
that our lips continually give taint assent to
the va'ue of early rising, even while we long
to resi-t the tyranny which it imposes upon
us. What a frightful aggregate of discom
forts accumulate upon a man who practices
it through life—who every day is u-hered
from sleep into the raw, blank, chill, du'l at
mosphere of early morning, and begins his
day's existence before the sun has dispell
ed the fogs, dried up the vapors, warmed
the air, and made ready, like nature's great
servant-cf all-work as' it is, the earth for
our use! Early thing means a hurried
dressing in a dint, half lighted room—asleep
y, yawning, stumbling descent down dark,
cold stairways—a rapid breakfast in a gray,
cheerless sunless room, while cold shiver*
run down the back, and a sensation of drowsi
ness creeps over the entire body—and then
a precipitate plunge into the mists and va
por*, and p-eoeral rawness in the day begun
in this way, and no health either. The sun
-bould be up before us to give us light,
warmth, snd comfort; our breakfast-room
should be cheerful with his beams, and our
breakfast should be pataken with tbe ease,
tbe comfort, the delibetation. the social en
livenuient, that can come only when we rise
at a rational hour. A breakfast eaten by
candle-light, or snatched in the gray, chill
ing dawn, is an abomination. Early rising,
hence, opens the day with keen discomforts.
It is productive of numerous social ills; it
sours the stomach, promotes irritability,
disorganizes the nerves, creates bad temper
and makes of domestic bliss a mockery. A
voyager, long suffering from sea-sickness,
declared that, ifo>.ceon land again he wonld
devote the rest of his days to hunting up
and flogging the man that wrote.
"A life OD the ocean wave."
SifDi'ar sentiments animate oar heart
when we recill that ancient di-tich, "Early
to led and early to rise," —bat it is not no
cessary to quote what we all know and have
suffered from. — Apple ton's Journal.
WORDS TO PARENTS. —o>e thing, howev
er poor you are, yon can give your children,
ard that is your prayers. They are, if real
and humble, worth more thau silver or gold
more than fo >d aod clothing, and have often
brought from the Father who is in heaven,
and hears our prayers, both money and meat
and clothes, and all worldly good things.
And there is one thing you can always teach,
your child: you may not yourself know bow
to read or write and therefore you may not
be able to teach your children how to do
these things; you may not know the names
of the stars or their geography, and may,
therefore not be able to tell them how far
you are from tbe sun, or how big the moon
is; nor be able to tell them the way to Jeru
salem or Au*tralia; but you may be always
able to tell them who made the sun, the
moon and stars and numberd them and you
may teli them tbe road to heaven. You
may always teach thtm to pray.
At a great bargain pause awhile.
S< rr >w's best antidode is employmect.
A good eaue makes a stoat heart aod a
strong arm.
Perfection is a potst at which all s'tould
i siro.