RATES OF ADVERTISING.
All advertisements for Icae than 3 months 10
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tions, communications of . limited or individnl
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A liberal discount made to yearly advertisers.
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NEWSPAPER LAWS. —We would call the special
attention of Post Masters and subscribers to the
I.tyt'ißEit to the following synopsis of the Newa
paper lawk: ' ..s
--1. A Postmaster is required to give notice by.
•etter, (returning a paper does not aaiwdrthe law}
when a subscriber does not take his paper out df
the office, and state the rcascna tor its nvt being
taken; and a neglect to do so makes the Postmas
ter reptoKtiblt to the publishesa far the payment.
2. Any person who takes a paper from the Port
office, whether directed to jis name ox another, or
whether he has subscribed or not is responsible
for tbe pay.
3. If a person orders his paper discontinued, he
must pay all arrearages, or the publisher may
continue to sefla if until payment is made, and
oilect the whole amount, tckethcr it be taken from
the afire r not. There can be he legal discontiii
uence until the payment is m&dq,
1. If the subscriber orderir his paper \a he
stopped at a certain time, and tbe publisher con
tinues to send, the subscriber 4s bAutnl to pay fpr
it, it he taken it out of the Poet Ojfiee. The law
prootfds- upon tbe ground that a man must pay
for what he uses.
b. Tbe courts have decided that refusing w< take
newspapers and periodicals froth the' Pu.-tfofcce,
or removing and having them uncalled Tor, is
yrtma facia evidence of intentional fraud.
GROFFSSIOMTF & CARFTS.
ATTORNEYS AT LAW.
jZIMMELL ANDLINGEXFEITTER,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW, BxnroßD, iA.
Have formed a partnership in the practice of 1
the Law, in new brjckbuildiogmear the Lutheran
Church. [April I, IgfiO-tf
ty| A. POINTS, ' . .
ATTORNEY AT LAW, Bffnroin), PA.
Ke.-peetfuUr tenders his professional service?
to the public. Office in tho Iv'jCißECuill iqg,
{?,-cond floor.)
made. [April,l't'ifi-tf. |
}ASPY* H. AIJSIP, ... . tj
!d ATTORNEY AT LAW, Benrogn, PAS,
Will faithfully and prouigqly attend to ajj busi
tics- entrusted to his care in Bedford and adjoin- i
ng counties, Military claims, Pensions, back |
p .J, Bounty, Ac. speedily collected. Office with I
Mann A Spang, on Juliana street, 2 doors south j
of tho Mengel House. apl I,lSE9.*—tf. I
T R. DURBOHKOW.
(J . ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Katiroan, PA., j
V ill attend promptly to all business intrusted to j
his vara. Collections made on the- shortest no- j
tiee.
He " . also, a reuaiariy licensed Claim Agent j
rttii ail give special attention to the prosecution
'tit.s against the Government for Pensions.
Back lay, Bounty, Bounty Lands, Ac.
Office on Juliana street, one door Snath of the
inquirer office, and nearly opposite the • Mengel
House" April 1, ISfitttf
R. L. nCSSEtI. J. 3. LOttGKVECKER
RUSSELL A LONGENECRER,
ATTOP-XIYS A Cor*3ELLORs AT LAW,
Bedford, Pa.,
Will attend promptly' and faithfully to all busi
ness entrusted to their care. Special attention
given to collections and the prosecution of claims
for Back Pay, Bounty, Pension;, Ac.
fßShOffice on Juliana street, south of the Court
House. Apri 1:69:1yr. •
J- M'P. B3ARPE. E. r.'KBEB
Ct II ARTE A KERR,
to A TTORSE YS-A T-LA W.
Will practice in the Courts of Bedford and ad
joining cocnties. All business entrusted to their
care will receive careful and prompt attention.
Pro- ns, Bounty, Back Pay, Ac., speedily col-i
levied from the Government.
Office on Juliana street, opposite the banking ,
house of Reed A Sehell. Bedford, Pa- Apr l:49:tf
c. PCIIAKITKR
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
PA.,
Office with J. Wj Dickerson Esq.. 2"aprly
]' H V > H'T V\ T S.
B- F. HARRY,
Respectfully tenders his professional ser
vices to the oitiseng of Bedford and vicinity.
Office ani rcsilence on Pitt Street, in the building
formerly occupied by Dr. J. H. Hofius. [AjJI Lit.
MISCELLANEOUS.
TACOB BRENNEMAN. '
0 WOOfiBERHi", PA-,
-CRIVENER, CONVEYANCER, LICENSED
CLAIM AGENT, aire Kx-Offieio,JUSTICE
OF THE PEACE,
Will attendto all business entrusted Into bis hands
with promptness ind despah h. Wiß remit mon
ey by dratt to any part ef the country. 17sely
OK. SHANNON, BANKER,
H. W* PfeUFOBD, Pa.
BANK OF DISCOUNT AND DEPOSIT.
Collections made for the East, West, North and
South, and the general business of Exchange
transacted. Notes and Accounts Collected and
Remittances protarpifcntade. 11KAL E9TATB
bought and sold. Aprif l.d'.i
DANIEL BORDER,
PITT STRICET, TWO rowta WEST OF x* beU- '
FORD BESFORO, PA.
WATCII AND DEALER IN JEWEL
RY. SPECTACLES. AC.
He keeps on hand a stock of fine Gold and Sil
ver Watches, Spectacles ofJJru.ianf Dquiile Refin
ed Glas-es. also Scoteh Pol bio Gfqs-'W- Gold
Watch Chains. Breast Pins, Finger Lings, best
quality of Gold Pecs. He will supply to order
any thing hi his line not on hand. (_4 r.2B.'#i'.
DW. GROUSE,
• XWALJER IfC
CIGARS, TOBACCO, PIPES, £C.
On Pitt street one door east of tJcp. B|otcr
& Co.*? Stcre, Bedford, Pa., is d-t prepared
to ien bj who\csalo all kinds of CIGARS. All
orders promptly filled. Persons desiring anything
in his iice trill do well to give him a call.
Bedford April 1.
P N. HICK OK,
>-'• . , DENTIST.
Office at the old rtand in
BANK BCILDI.NO, Juliana at., BF.DFOBD. !
All Opera-lions pertaining to
Surgical and Mcch<t nical Dektittn/
performed with core and
WARRANTED;
An<rt\ttim ndm'-nix'ered, irJtrn denired. Ar
tijicial teeth in'rrted at, per 'ct, SH.OO and njt.
teard, >
As X am drtencincd to do a CASH EESIXESP
or none, I have reduce,! the prices for Artificial
Teeth of the various hinds. 20 per eeat..fcid of
Gold Fillings 33 per cent. This reduction wtil l>#
made only to strictly Cash Patients, sod all such
will receive prompt attention. 7feb6S
HOTEL.
Thi3 large and commodious house, having been
re.taken by the subscriber, is now open for the re
ception of visitors and boarders. The rooms are
large, well ventilated, and comfortably furnished.
The table will always lie supplied with the best
the market can afford. The Bar is stocked with
the choicest liquors. In short, it is my purpose
to keep a FIRST-CLASts HOTEL. Thanking
the public for past favors, I respectfully solicit i
renewal of their patronage.
N. B. Hacks will run constantly between the
Hotel and the Springs.
mayl7,'6f>;ly WM. DIBERT, Prop'r.
EXCHAIf QE fiOTEL. '
HUNTINGDON, PA.
This old establishment having been. leased by
J. MORRISON, formerly proprietor of tint Mor
rison House, has boon entirely renovated and re
furnished and supplied with ail the modern im
provements and canvoniences necessary to a first
class Hotel.
The dining room has been removed to the first
floor and is now spacious and airy, and the cham
bers are all well ventilated, and the proprietor
will endeavor to make his gnests perfectly at
home. Address, J. MORRISON,
KXCHAXCC HOT*L.
olju'.yU Huntingdon, Pa.
JOHN tiVTZf Eilitor and Proprietor.
dtoquim Column.
RPO ADVERTISERS:
I
; THE BEDFORD INQUIRER.
J -i .1 it n'
PUBLISHED
EVERT FRIDAY MORNING,
bt 1
JOHN LUTE,
OFFICE ON JULIANA STREET,
BEDFORD, PA.
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Our facilities for doing all kinds of Job Printing
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letters should be addressed to
JOHN LUTZ.
E 3Loral anfc Snirral firtospaprr, DrbotrO to politics, duration, Hitrraturc antj /-Borate.
IBebforiJ fnquircr.
ITERS.
MRS. LINCOI-N is living at Frankfort Ger
many.
REY. PHILLIP BROOKS preached his first
sermon to his new congregation, in Boston,
last Sunday.
QUEEN VICTORIA intends to offer a prize
of one hunnred pounds sterling to all moth
crs who have twelve children.
THERE are 290,000 threshing machines in
the United States, besides the school inarms
and the old folks at home.
: THE Libby Prison has been turned into a
bone grinding and manure factory. It was
the first throughout the war.
THE American Bible Society, during the
fifty-three years of its existence, has distri
buted over 25,000,900 of volumes.
THE official returns show that the prohi
bition candidate for Governor in Ohio re
ceived jest 670 votes in a total of 465,333.
ON last Friday evening five frame dwell
ing houses oh Paxton street, near Front,
Harrisbnrg, were destroyed by fire. l/oss
$6,000.
A HIGHWAYMAN in Nashville, finding his
victim had no money, sent him home for it.
He-returned with a gun and shot the high
wayman.
AN unsuccessful attempt was made to rob
the Bank of Savings, on fourth street Pitts
burgh, on Wednesday last, by two men,
aided by a boy.
J. B. SANSOM, E-q., has retired from the
editorial chair of the Indiana Democrat , and
has been succeeded by John 11. Donehoo,
formerly of the Fulton Democrat.
COL. LEVI L. TATF., on account of ad
vanced age and declining health, has with
drawn from the Lycoming Standard. An
drew Hepkins, Esq., has become the editor
of that journal.
ANDY JOHNSON has been nominated to
represent Green county in tbe Tennessee
Constitutional Convention. Andy intends
to figure prominently in remodeling the af
fairs of Tennessee.
IT is reported that a treaty has been con
cluded between Wur tern berg and the North
Geiinan Confederation which allows the
subjects of either country to serve in the
army of the other.
AT Mareuil, France, thu remains of 230
Gallic warriors have been found with quite
an arsenal of lances, javelins and axes, bear
inUtraeesof enamel, glass and copper bowls,
and a quantity of hair pins.
MRS. DAN GARDENER, the celebrated
equestrian, died at West Philadelphia, on
tho 21st ult. She was born in Bedford in
IS2I, and was the mother of nine children,
four of whom are dead.
ONE Chicago fruit dealer received last
week, ten tons of California grapes which
arrived in good condition, and were sold at
lower prices than those raised in the central
States.
THE peanut crop in Nansemond, Va., is
almost an entire failure this year, owing to
the long continued drought. In Southam
ton and counties above, not more than half
a crop will be realized.
SAINTE-BEUYE was buried in silence,
broken only by the exclamarion from M.
LscSussade as the coffin was lowered,
"Adieu, Saiate-Beuve, adieu, our friend !"
Dumas, Renan and George Sand were in
the great procession of three thousand.
THERE is a disease called inland yellow
fever, or "Addison fever." prevailing in the
vicinity of Columbus, Mississippi, that is
quite fatal. It has all, or nearly all, the
characteristics of the Gulf yellow fever, ter
minating with black vomit.
ENGLISH papers say the wheat crop there,
and also the potato crop, have been the
heaviest known in this generation. The
value of the wheat on one farm is mentioned
as equal to fifteen years' rental of the land,
and that farm is said only to be a sample
from many.
TAXATION. —It would be thought a bad
government that should tax its people one
tenth of their time, to be employed in public
service; but idleness taxes n-ny of much
more, if we reckon all that is spent in ab
solute sloth, or doing of nothing, with that
which is spent in idle enjoyment, or amuse
ments that amount to nothing. Sloth, like
rust, consumes faster than labor wears,
while the key often used is always bright.—
FranJdin.
THE Chinese fashions have not altered for
fifteen hundred years. Women must have
small feet or they cannot get a husband.
Large feet are looked upon as curious spec
tacles, and such a sight is sure to attract a
crowd. Children when they first see foreign
women look at them with astonishment—
their small waists being regarded with es
pecial wonder.
STATE Treasurer Mackey has issued a cir
cular stating that the Commissioners of the
Sinking Fund have authorized hioi to give
notice to all holders of the five per cent.
State I/>an, due July 1, 1870, that all such
bonds will be redeemed by the State Treas
urer in full, with aeerued interest to date of
presentation; payments to he made on the
first and third Saturdays of every month.
The interest on these l-otids will cease July
1,1870.
THE Principal of a Scotch Theological
■School was made moderator of a Presbytery,
which had met to examine a candidate with
a view to his ordination. The young man
was to be examined in theology, and also to
give a specimen of his preaching power.
His theological examination was satisfactory
and the trial sermon was excellent. After
he had retired all expressed themselves well
satisfied, when Principal Robinson rose, and
quietly said, that the young man was worthy
ordination, but he must in all frankness say
that the sermon was not his own. The
young man had found it in a volume of
sermons, long since out of print, and how
he could have obtained it was a mystery.
This statement of the president of the coun
cil was quite serious, and the candidate was
recalled, and the question was put to him,
"Was the sermon you preached to us your
own production?'' The young man frankly
said it was not; it was one he had heard
Principal Robinson preach some months be
fore. and he liked it so well that he had
written it out and preached it as a better
thing than he could do. The eyes of the
assembly turned from the young man to the
Principal, who felt the mortifiving position
in which he was p'accd. The young man
was ordained without any more questions.
BEDFORD, PA.. FRIDAY, NOV. 19. 1869.
tgotixii
WAITING.
The following piece of poetry will, we think,
find an echo in the heart of every mother who
has seen her darling pass to the further side
of the "crystal sea."
I have two little angels waiting for me
On the beautiful banks of the crystal sea;
Not impatiently wait my darlings there,
For smiles light up their brows so fair;
And ibeir little harps ring out so clear,
So soothingly sweet to faith' b listening ear,
And they live in the smile of the Saviour's
love,
Who so early called my darlings above.
1 have two little angels waiting for me
On the beautiful bauks of the crystal sea; .
Forever free from sorrow and pain,
Spotless from all earthly stain ;
Never in erring paths to rove, —
Safe in the bosom of infinite love, —
Evermore, evermore walking in light,
These beautiful angels robed in white.
I have two little angels waiting for me
On the beautiful banks of tbe crystal sea;
When my weary head is throbbing with pain,
And I fain would c'asp my darlings again,
Fll look away from ibis earthly Btrand
To the beautiful fields of the "Better Land;"
I will tbiuk of the angels waiting there,
And offer to God a thankful prayer.
I have two little angels to welcome me
When I too shall stand by the crystal sea;
When the Great Refiner His image may trace
In tbe heart be has won by Bis saving grace,
And in robes of Christ's own righteousness
dress'd,
My soul shall seek the home of the blest,—
On the beautiful banks of the crystal sea
My darlings, still waiting, shall welcome me.
THE DIET OF DRAIN-WORKER-.
The meals of brain-workers should, so far
as possible, be leisurely enjoyed at a pheasant
social table. This rule is of preeminent im
portance, and is usually acted upon in most
civilized iands. Restaurants are an abomi
nation, for the reason that they compel
their patrons to select their meals by the
names on the carte, and not by their ap
pearance and flavor when, brought upon the
table. Wo cannot tell what we desire until
we see the articles spread before us, as at
the ordinary family table. The "European
plan"—charging dearly for each mouthful
a- it is swallowed, works sadly on the
health, because it distracts tbe mind from
tbe pleasuie of eatiDg.
The maxim, "Chatted food is ill digest
ed," is just as uutrue as the idea that brain
workers should eat less than laborers. The
three best digesters are, sound health, a
good table, aod pleasant conversation; but
the greatest of these is conversation, for
it can divert the mind even when the
health and food are both unsatisfactory.
In the charming biogiaphy of Charlotte
Bronte, by Mrs. Gaskell, we arc told that
the father ol the accomplished authoress, on
account of a weakness of d'jestion. was ac
customed to take his meals by himself,
apart from the rest of the family. If that
had been his habit long, it is no wonder
that he was often compelled to give vent to
his attacks of hypochondriasis by "firing
pistols out of the back door." Solitary
dining is slow death. To board long in
restaurants is not to live cheaply, but to
die expensively. Keepers of hotels and eat
ing houses arc the highwaymen of our civ
ilization. They lie in wait at every corner,
allure by their tempting surroundings, and
lead on their deluded victims to misery,
and perhaps to slow destruction. We may
visit such places at occasional intervals, to
pass a pleasant hour with a friend; but
wheu we really need a substantial meal, we
should seek for the humblest family circle
in preference to the most brilliant saloon in
the land. The great objection to diuing by
a bill of fare is, that we cannot tell what
we most desire until we see the articles of
food and inhale their savory fragrance.
The eye and the smell guide the sense of
taste and really control it. French names,
with high prices annexed, are at best poor
appetizers. This is the philosophical ex
planation of the fact that, in sitting down
to a public table, we often study over the
schedule in nervous despair, and then de
cide npon a dish, which, as soon as it is
placed be-fore us, we find we have no relish
for. Nothing can redeem the life at a pub
lic table but a pleasant circle of very dear
friends, to share the misery with us. Stu
dents iu colleges, and clerks in stores, are
often compelled to board themselves from
motives of economy. Tbe necessity is a dire
one, but if it must be met it should not be
by one single-handed, hut by two or three
in company.
To recapitulate in a few words; the diet
of brain-workers should bo of a larger
variety, more delicately served, and more)
abundantly nutritious than that of tncchan-!
ics and laborers. We should select those
articles that are most agreeable to our in
dividual tastes, and .so far as possible, vc
should take our meals amid pleasaDt sooal
surroundings. In great crises that cull for
unusual exertions, we should rest the sto
mach, that for the time the brain may work
the harder; but the deficiency of nutrition
ought always to be supplied in the first in
terval of repose.— Dr. G. M. Beard, m
Hours at Home, for September.
DOES BRAIN \>OKK SHORTEN LIFE
Ist. Our an-wer to this question is as
follows: No, when performed in a proper
wav. Fes, when performed in an improper
way. Any pupil in school, or any man r
woman out of school, who labors more than
four or five hours a day at hard study witk
out reerearion or relaxation, will find it in
jurious to health, and to shorten life. Bat
the hardest student may live to extreme old
age if he will observe the following rules, cf
which this is thp
First. Mingle labor with recreation.
Second. Never study, or apply the mind
closely, immediately after eating. There is
but so much blood in the body, and when
the stomach is digesting food, a larger por
tion of it is there than at other times. So,
when we think hard or study, more blood
flows to the brain than at other times. But
who does not sec that there cannot be more
blood than usual at all parts of the body at
the same time?
Third. To be healthy, never study under
the influence of stimulants. Many have
written and produced wonderful composi
tions under tbe stimulus of alcohol and opi
um, and other poisonous narcotics. But
such a course invariably shortens life. Men
may study if they will only live right
SLEEP AND WAKEFULNESS.
The effects of protracted wakefulness
sooner or later show themselves in the strong
est constitution. The person becomes
gloomy, irritable and peevish. The memory
is defective, and the thoughts confused.
Perhaps the most terrible punishment which
('hinese ingenuity has devised is prolonged
loss of rest. In some instances, it leads tbe
way to and even seems to be the cause of
insanity. Some of the greatest intellects
have suffered from privation of sleep. New
ton's mind was impaired by it in his later
years ; Southey's insanity was preceded by
it. The more gifted and cultivated the
mind of an individual is, the more liable he
will be to wakefulness. The untutored sons
of bodily toil have but few vigils, and among
all the animals, sleeplessness without ex
ternal cause probably belongs to man alone.
The lower animals arc soon affected by loss
of sleep. Io Ceylon, wild elephauts are
kept constantly awake until they become
tame ; by this iueans the spirit of the most
refractory is soon subdued.
In order to promote sleep iu eases where
it is wanting, it is of course, in the first
place, necessary to remove every exciting
cause of wakefulness. It is generally essen
tial to give up the use of tea and coffee,and,
as has been said, it is sometimes necessary
to leave off stimulants. The person should
take care that he does not go to bed either
with cold feet or with a stomach that has
been long empty.
Many devices for inducing somnolence
have been practiced with more or less suc
cess ; one of these is combing the hair, which
has a very sootliing effect on some persons.
-Another is to have the feet gently sham
pooed. Walking about the bedroom iu
one's night-dress, so as to get what Dr.
Franklin called an air-bath, is a good plan,
and the cold-water bath just before retiring
to rest, by virtue of its stimulating aetion.
is often successful. In more refractory
cases, the warm bath may be tried—it acts
by withdrawing the blood from the brain.
f)n the same principle, the upright position,
by favoring tbe return of blood from tbe
head, is sometimes useful. It is, indeed, no
uncommon thing to meet people who sleep
with great facility when sitting in a chair,
or in a carriage, but who sleep with difficul
ty when lying down in a bed.
The be;,t bed to sleep upon is a hair-mat
tress, and the worst of all is that made of
feathers. Many people are so susceptible
that they are unable to sleep in a strange
bed. A pillow filled with hops, the cmana
tions from which are narcotic, has been
sometimes used with success to induce sleep.
People, as a rule, go to s!e;p most easily
when lying on the right side. Proper ven
tilation of the bedroom is indispensable for
sonnd sleep and for health.
In a state of health, whtn tbe balance be
twecn mind and body is properly main
tained, sleep will naturally follow either
mental or bodily fatigue. This balance is
often sadly disturbed, because an over
stimulation of all our powers is the besetting
evil of our generation. Nothing is more
ioportaut iu order to secure sleep than to
dminish the intensity of thought. Fnder
favorably circumstances, this cm generally
b effected by the will. In other instances,
hwever, the more the will is exercised
ajainst then, the more attention is given to
tie truant thoughts. At length the will,
irne down by the torrent of ideas, gives
way altogether, and protracted sleepless
ness results. It is hardly necessary to re
peat here that such an active state of brain
replies that tbe circulation through it is ac
nve, and that it is the opposite of this con
ation which prevails in sleep. Good
Health.
LUTHER AT HOME.
In the close of the reign of -Julius. Luther
tisited Rome. The poor monk, worn with
>cnanees and heavy toil, was sent upon
tome business connected with his convent
to the Papal court. lie crossed the Alps
full of faith, and stirred by a strong excite
ment. He was about to enter the classic
land, with whose poets and historians he
had long bceu familiar ; he was to tread the
sacred soil of Virgil, Cicero, and Livy. But,
more than this, he saw before him, rising in
dim majesty, the Holy City of that Chnn-h
from who.-e faith he had never yet ventured
to depart, whose supreme head was still to
him almost tbe representative of l>eit.v, and
whose princes and dignitaries he had CVCT
invested with an apostolic purity and grace.
Route, hollowed by the sufferings of the
martyrs, filled with relics, and redolent with
the piety of ages, the untutored monk still
supposed a scene of heavenly re.-t. "Ilail,
holy Rome!" he exclaimed, as its distant
towers first met his eyes. His poetic dream
was soon dispelled. Scarce had Lc entered
Italy when he was shocked and terrified by
the luxury and license of the convents, and
the open depravity of the priesthood, lie
felt sick with sorrow and shame. lle com
plained that the very air of Italy seemed
deadly and pestilential. Rut he waudered
on, feeble and sad, until he reached the Holy
City, and there, amid the mockery of his
fellow-monks, and the blasphemies of the
impious clergy, performed with honest su
perstition the minute ceremonial of the
Church. Of all the Pilgrims of that dese
crated shrine none was so devout as Lull r.
He was determined, he said, to escape the
pains of purgatory and win a plenary indul
gence; he dragged his frail form on his
knees up the painful ascent of the Holy
Staits, while ever io his cars resounded the
cry, "The jnst shall live by faith.'' He
heard with horror that the head of the
Church was a monster stained with vice;
that the cardinals were worse than their
master; the priests, mocking unbelievers ;
and fled, heart-broken, back to his German
cell. — Harper's Magazine.
PYRAMID LAKE.
The peculiar rock formations from which
this lake derives its name, are remarkable
even among the "Rockies." The principal
pyramid towers above the lake to a height
of more than 500 feet, presenting in its
general outline a remarkably perfect pyra
midal form. Close scrutiny shows portions
of its sides to consist of volcanic tuta, which
greatly resembles a vegetable growth of
vast size. In color tbe pyramidal mounds
vary with the varying light At some mo
ments they convey the impression of a rich,
warm, brown tint; at others the hue is a
cool gray that more nearly resembles the
color which a close examination wiil prove
to be tbe true one.
A visit to the largest pyramid, developed
the fact that it was occupied by tenants en
tirely capable of holding inviolate their pri-
or right of profession against all hutuan visi
tors. From every crevice there seemed to !
come a hiss. The rattling, too, was sharp I
and long continued. The whelo reck was
evidently alive with rattle snakes. In every
party that ever entered into a country in- j
fested by rattlesnakes are some men who i
derive great pleasure in killing every snake ?
that may show its head or sound its rattle. ;
A loud shout of "Snakes! rattlers!" brought
out the band of exterminators ; but such a
number of snakes came upon the field that
it was clearly beyond the power of our
snake haters to carry on the combat with
any hope of final victory. They gave up
and abandoned the locality to the serpen- i
tine tribe, which will probably retain the
ownership for a period of time indefinite and
unlimited.
The water of Pyramid Lake is clear,
sparkling, and very -aity. It abounds in fish,
among which are the eouicr, a sprightly fish,
having flesh ths color of salmon, and quite
as game. In weight this fish ranges from
three to twenty pounds, and an occasional
specimen rises to the fly that will scale
quite twenty five pounds. Besides the
couier there is an abundance of trout, not
precisely the speckled beauties of the Lake
Superior region ; neither do they bear a
very close resemblance to the sluggish,
black, spotted trout of our more Southern
States. It is a trout, nevertheless, which
rises readily to the artificial fly, and is a
pleasing morsel for the epicurean palate.
Cooked in the various styles known to the
campers, this fish will compare favorablj
with its eastern brcibern. Other varieties
of the finny tribe abound in Pyramid Lake;
but these are the ones which will be most
sought after by any courteous disiple of
Izaak Walton, who leaves tbe cars of the
Central Pacific Railroad where it strike
the Truckee, and who ventures down to its
outlet in this curious lake.— T. It. Davit,
in Harper's Magazine for September.
GRINDSTONES.
A letter to an exchange paper gives some
interesting facts about the locality where
grindstones are procured, and the method
of their manufacture. The English grind
stones are quarried at Newcastle on-Tyne.
and near Sheffield. These quarries are
worked by hand, and all the grindstones are
made with the .malict and chisel. Nova
Scotia and New Brunswick stones come from
sandstone formations overlying the coal diss
tricts on the Bay of Fundy and crossing the
Province ol the Gulf of St. Lawrence.
These immense deposits contain a great
variety of grits, known as the Nova Scotia
grindstones. These quarries are generally
worked hv the French j eople known as
"Acadians." from the name they gave this
country, "Acadia," and are the decendants
of the "Huguenots," who weredriven out
of France by religious persecution.
They are a very industrious and simple
minded people, and the females retain to
this day the style of dress brought over
from France by their ancestors.
The tides of the Bay of Fundy rise and
fall from 60 to 70 feet every twelve hours,
and these people avail themselves of this
power to work the quarries, which extend
from a high bluff on the mainland down to
low water mark in tbe bay.
At low water a huge mass of stone is loos
ened fiom its bed, and a heavy chain is pass
ed under it and over a largo boat, which is
placed alongside. As the tide rises, tbe
stone attached to the bottom of tbe boat is
floated into a sand eovc at high water, and
made into grindstones after the tide recedes.
This work is done with mallet and chisel,
the rough parts being first chopped off with
a heavy axe. Machinery has been recently
introduced, and the small grindstones are
now turned in a lathe by steam power. The
sandstone deposits of this country, which
are made into grindstones, are found along
the shores of Lake Erie, and extending for
a considerable distance east and west of
Cleveland, and inland as far as Marietta, on
tbe Ohio. They arc also found on the
shores of Lake Huron above Detroit.
These deposits are of a different character
from tbe foreign stone, and do not seem to
be the overlying strata of coal formations,
but appear to be a later formation, as the
quarries look as though this part of Ohio
had once been the bottom of tbe lake, the
sand of which had become solid and been
up-heaved by some convulsion of nature.
Nearly all the Ohio grindstones are made by
machinery driven by steam power.
The blocks of stone, being loosened from the
quarry bed, are roughly hewed out, with a
square hole in the centre. This is placed
on a heavy square iron shaft furnished with
a 9-inch collar, against which the stone is
securely fastened by means of another collar
keyed against the side of the stone. The
shaft and stone peing driven by steam pow
er, two men on opposite sides of the stone
turn it off perfectly true by means of soft
iron bars about G feet long and 2 by I-inch
thick, which are drawn out to a tbin point,
which is curved upward. This was former
ly a very unhealthy occupation, owing to
the shaft dust being inhaled by tbe work
men, but this difficulty is now obviated by
means of blowers which drive it away.
ANIMALCULES.
If some hay is placed in a glass of rure j
rain water, and allowed to soak for a few |
days in a sunny place, and if it be then re
moved, the water will be found, under a
powerful microscope, to contain many very
small moving things which are called infu
soria, from their being produced after infu
sing the bay. The eggs which were on the
hay bred their myriads of small things,
which often hare a very beautiful coat of
transparent fliat or siiicia. If the water is
kept clean, and is not allowed to decompose
or smell, generation after generation of the
infusoria live, die, and fall to the bottom of
the glass. They form a very delicate film
there, and minute portions of it when exam
ined under a high magnifying power show
tbe silicious skeletons or shells very distinct
ly. Now, many strata in the earth are
formed entirely of the remains of infusoria,
and a very familiar example in the Tripoli
powder, from the polishing slate of BiliD, in
Bohemia. A single grain of Tripoli-powder
contains no fewer than 117,000,000 of the
transparent flinty skeletons of dead animal
cules; yet the layers of earth which are
made up of them at Ililin extend for miles.
In the harbor of Wismar, in the Baltic,
they increase and multiply at a great rate,
for 17,496 cubit feet of mud are formed
every year there, and every grain of it con
tains 1,000,000,000 of the beautiful silicious
remains of the infusoria. In tbe island of
Barbadocs there is a thick mass of the most
VOL. 42: NO 43.
beautiful flinty sea animalcules, and thvy
are in such numbers that it must be suppos
ed the dead minute things were constantly
falling in showers from the sea to the bot
tom.— Engirtecring Magazine.
PHILOSOPHIC ABSTRACTION.
Once upon a time, the great Sir Isaac
Newton, while arguing knotty points and
smoking tobacco (as philo ophers often do,)
seized a young damsel's hand, and, oh hor
ror of horrors ! —we tremble as we write it
—deliberately inserted one of her fairy fin
gers into the howl of his tobacco pipe—a
remarkable instance, it must be admitted,
of absence of mind. Undoubtedly the phi
losopher was a very absent man, but his ab
sence of mind was of that quality which en
, abled him to win such fame and make such
d .ioveries in science. lie had this power
of abstraction to a degree that appears mar
vellous, as the elder Disraeli writes, "to vo- j
latile spirits and puny thinkers." To this i
habit may be referred most of his discove
rie*. An apple lalls upon him in his or
chard, and the system of attraction succeeds
I in his mind: he observes boys blow ingsoap
bu' 1 les, arid the proj>erty of light display
themselves.
Socrates was similarly subject to fits of
as-traction. Of Marini, the Italian poet,
it i- said that, in revising his Adonis, he
-ufl'ered his leg to be burned for some time
without perceiving it. According to Cicero,
Cato applauded Gallus, who, when he had
•it down to write in the morning, was sur
prised by the evening, and when he took up
his pen in the evening was surprised at the
appearance of morning. Poggius—wc again
' orrow from the elder Disraeli—tells of
Dautc, that he indulged his miditations
more strongly than any roan he knew; he
was only alive to what was passiug in his
mind—to all human concerns he was as if]
they had not been! Dante went one Day to
a public procession—he entered the shop of
a bookseller to be a spectator of the passing
■iiow. He found a book which greatly in
rested him; he devoured it in silence and
plunged into an abyss of thought. On his
.•■•turn he declared he had neither seen nor
heard the slightest occurrence of the pul-iie
xhihition wbieh had passed before him.
Such abstraction renders everything sur
rounding a man as distant as if it was in
another part of the globe or as unreal as a
dream. A modern astronomer one summer
night withdrew to his chamber: the biigbt
fi .<s of the heaven showed a phenomenon.
He passed the whole night in observing it,
and whea bi3 friend came to him early in
the morning and found him in the same 3t
titude, be said, like one who had been re
colieeting his thoughts for a few momenta
"It must he thus; hut I will go to bed be
fore it is late." lis had spent the entire
night in meditation ou the celestial plienom
cnon revealed, and diu not know it. And
thus may the tales told of Sir Isaac Newton's
absence of mind be accounted for. Such
absence indicates not intellectual weakness,
but strength, and it is a quality which Sir
Isaac- possessed in common with some cf
the greatest geniuses the world ever saw.
TALK.
Do you know what your habits are about
talking? Do you talk a great deal too much?
Do you -ay a great many things heedlessly?
Do you indulge a great deal in out-sweliing
words of pride? Arc your words like sparks
of fire, or are they like drops cf oil? Do you
make life sweet wilh your tongue wherever
you go, or is your tongue like the tongue of
a serpent, carrying terror whenever your
mouth open- and it comes forth? liow of
ten do you think of your speech? Do you
know anything about it? I venture to say
that every person in your neighborhood
knows more about it than you do.
Did you ever think what a volume your
talk would make if it were printed? If ev
erything that some persons say in a single
day were pricted, what a volume it would
make ! And if all that they say in a year
were printed, what a library it would make!
I pity the man who should hare to read the
one or the other. And yet all their sayings
from day to day. and from year to year, are
flying in every direction, producing their
effects on those on whom they fail. The
exaggerations, the over-colorings, the mis
representations, the lies (for we all lie con
tinually) which escape us when we arc
speaking about ourselves, about our chil
dren, about our property, about our neigh
bors, about everything that we have to do
with —what mn.-t be their influence upon
the world? Still how few there are who
know anything about the use of their tongue,
which is forever on the move! A man
might as well undertake to keep an account j
of what goes out of his chimney, of smoke, ;
and gas, and cinders, as to keep an account
of what goes out of his mouth of wondrous
influences for life or for death. And there
fore how vastly important it is that we
should examine ourselves in the matter of
speech.— Bceclicr.
A CLERGICAL ANECDOTE.
Some thirty-five or forty years ago, a Mr.
Williams, a clergyman of the Old School,
somewhat eccentric, came to Salem from the
country to exchange desks with one of his
hrethern in the ministry. During the Sub
uaf a noon intermission he said to his daught
er:—
"1 aui going to lie down. If St. l'aul
him self comes don't disturb me."
Mr. Bentley, who preached in the East
Church, who had been very intimate with
Mr. Williams, but had not seen him for sev
eral years, hearing that he was in town,
hurried off after dinner, to make bis old
friend a call.
"Where is brother Williams?" he in
quired, as he met the daughter.
"He can't be disturbed, sir, even if St. (
Paul should call."
"I must see him !" was the impatient re
joinder, in the inimitable manner peculiar
to Mr. Bentley.
Resistance to such a must was out of the
question. The room of the sleeper was in
vaded, and with no gentle shake and a cor
responding voice, Mr. Williams was aroused.
He was delighted to see his old friend Beut
ley, reiterating with fervency his gratifica
tion.
"I think, brother Williams, that you are
a little inconsistent."
"How so, brother Bentley?"
"Didn't you tell your daughter you was
not to be disturbed even if St Paul called ?
yet you seem very glad to see me."
"No, no, brother ; not inconsistent at all.
I was —11 am glad to see you. The apostle
Paul 1 whv, I hope to spend a blessed eter
nity with him ; but you, brother Bentley, 1
never expected to sec you again.
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JOHN L.VTZ, Brnrocn, PA.
THE VAGABOND SAGE.
An old man of active physiognomy an
swering the name of Jacob Wilmot, was
brought before a police court of a neighbor
ing city. His clothes looked as if they
might Lave been bought second hand in bis
youthful prime, for they had suffered nioro
the rubs of the world than the proprietor
himsalf.
"What business?"
'"None, I'm & traveler."
"A vagabond, perhaps?"
"You are not far wrong. Travelers and
vagabonds are about the same thing. The
diff. r. nce is, that the latter travel without
money, and the former without brains.
"Where have vou traveled?"
'"AH over the continent."
"For what purpose ?"
"Observation/*
"What did you observe?"
"A tittle to command, much to censure,
and a great deal to laugh at."
"Humph ! what did you command?"
"A handsome woman who will stay at
L 'ue, ai eloquent preacher that will preach
} short sermon J , and a good writer that will
not write too much, and e fool that h3
sense enough to hold his tongue."
"What din you censure?"
"A man that marries a girl for her fine
cloth'-s, a youth who studies medicine while
he has the use of his hands, and" the people
who will elect a drunkard to office."
"What do yon laugh at?"
'"I laugh at a man who expects his posi
tion to command that respect which his per
sonal qualifications and qualities do not
merit."
He was dismissed,
l.ttPl'RE WATER.
Few of us are aware of the deleterious ef
fects of impure water, or how prooe Water
j to imbibe the impurities of the air. Ma
j ny of us think if the water is clear and cold
it must be perfectly pure, though it has
stood in a close bed-room twenty-four hours;
but this is far from true. If a pitcher of
water be set in a room, for otily a few hours,
it will absord nearly all the respired and per
spired gases in the room, the air of which
wili have become purer, but the water ut
terly filthy. The colder the water is the
greater the capacity to contain these gases.
At ordinary temperature a pail of water can
contain a great amount of ammonia aiid car
bonic aeid gas; ami its capacity to absorb
these gases is nearly doubled by reducing the
water to the temperature of ice. This plain
ly shows us that water kept in a room over
night is totally unfit for drinking purposes,
and should not be used to gargle the throat;
also that a large pail of water standing in a
room would help to purify the atmosphere,
but should be thrown away next morning.
It also teaches us the tegson that the water
trom a pump should always be pumped out
in the morning before any of it is used. We
are lamentably ignorant of many of the pro
j perties of air and water, two of the most
important elements of our nature.
BJSAUTKTL ALLEGORY. —Once on a time
a little leaf was heard to sigh and cry, as
leaves often do when a gentle wind is about.
And the twig said,
"What is the matter, little leaf?"
"The wind," said the leaf, "just told me
that one day it would pull me off, and
throw me down to die on the ground!"
The twig told it to the branch on which it
grew and branch told it to the tree. And
when the tree heard it, it rustled all over,
and sent word back to the leaf,
"Do not be afraid, hold ou tightly, and
you shall not go till you want to. And so
the lea'*stopped -igbing, but went on nest
ling ami singing. And so it grew all sum
mer long till October. And when the bright
days of autumn came, the little leaf saw all
the leaves around becoming very beautiful.
Some were yellow and some scarlet, and
some striped with both colors. Then it ask
ed the tree what it meant. And the tree
said:
"All these leaves are getting ready to fly
away, and they have put on these beautiful
colors because of joy."
Then the little leaf began to want to go,
and grew very beautiful in thinking of it,,
and when it was very gay in color, it saw
that the branches of the tree had no color in
them, and so the leaf said:
"Oh brahch, why are you lead color and
we golden ?''
"We must keep on our work clothes said
! the tree, for our life is not done yet; but
I your clothes are for holiday, because your
I ta'k is over."
Just then, a little puff of wind came, and
the leaflet go without tbinkiugof it, and
the wind took it up and turned it over and
over, and then whirled it like a spark of fire
in the air, and let it fall gently down under
(he edge of the fence among hundreds of
leaves, and fell.into a dream and never
waked up to tell what it dreamed about. —
Beeclur.
THE I/OST RACE. —One of the most re
markable races that ever inhabited the earth
is now extinct. They were known as the
(launches, and were the aborigines of the
Canary Islands. In the sixteenth century,
pestilence, slavery, and the cruelty of the
Spaniards succeeded in totally extermina
ting them. They are described as having
| been gigantic in stature, but of a singularly
j mild and gentle nature. Their food con
! sisted cf barley, wheat, and goat's milk, and
their agriculture was of th" rudest kind,
i The bodies of their dead were carefully cm
i halmed and deposited in catacombs, which
still continue to be an object of curiosity to
those who visit the islauds.
A CHILD'S REPLY.— A little boy, on
asking his father to allow him to be bapti
zed, was toid that he was too young, that he
might fall hack when he was only a little
boy. To this he made the touching reply.
"Jesus has promised to carry the lambs in
his arms: as I am only a little boy, it will be
easier for Jesus to carry mc."
EVERYBODY has an appointed field of ac
tion and influence; and in that field he
ought to look upon himself as God's ap
pointed minister for the work.— Archdeacon
Ilarc.
VICE stings us, even in our pleasures, hut
virtue consoles us, even in our pains.
TOE thimble is of Dutch invention, and
was brought to England about tho year 1605,