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Iceman to the following synopsis of the News*
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igrofeiSsiflßal & 2Sasin*ss gante.
ATTORNEYS AT LAW.
IMMELL AND LINGENFELTER,
ATTORN EYS AT LAW, BEDFORD, FA.
Have formed a partnership in the practice of
the Law, in new brick building near the Lutheran
Church. [April 1,189-tf
YJ. A. POINTS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW, BEDFORD, PA.
Respectfully tenders his professional services
40 the public. Office with J. W. Lingeafe'ter,
Esq., on Public Square near Lutheran Church.
promptly made. [April, 1'69-tf.
ESPY M. ALSIP,
ATTORNEY AT LAW, BBDFORD, PA.,
Will faithfully and promptly attend to all busi
ness entrusted to his care in Bedford and adjoin
ng counties. Military claims, Pensions, back
pay. Bounty, Ac. speedily collected. Office with
Mann A Spang, on Juliana street, 2 doors south
of the Stengel House. npl 1, 1869.—tf.
JR. DURBORROW,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
BBSFORD, PA.,
W .1! attend promptly to all business intrusted to
his care. Collections made on the shortest no
tice.
He •, *uo, a regularly licensed Claim Agent
aniwil give special attention to the prosecution
, 'ait * against the Government for Pensions,
Back I ay, Bounty, Bounty Lands, Ac.
Office on Juliana street, one door South of the
Inqairer office, and nearly opposite the-Mengel
Hout-n" April 1, 1869:tf
E. L. RUSSELL J. A. LOSGESECKER
RUSSELL A LONGENECKER,
ATTORNEYS A COUNSELLORS AT LAW,
Bedford, Pa..
Will attend promptly and faithfully to all busi
ness entmsted to their care. Special attention
given t<> collections and the prosecution of claims I
for Back Pay, Bounty, Pensions, Ac.
_sSriOffico on Jniiana street, south of the Court j
House. Apri 1:69:1yr.
i' M'D. SHARPS E. P. XERR j
CHIARPE A KERR.
O A TTORSE YS-A T-LA W.
Will practice in the Courts of Bedford and ad- ;
joining counties. All business entrusted to their i
cure will receive careful and prompt attention.
Pensions, Bounty, Back Pay, Ac., speedily col- :
leetec. from the Government.
OEce on Juliana street, opposite the banking i
house of Reed A ScheU. Bedford, Pa. Apr l;69:tf
C. SCHAEFFER
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
BEDFORD, PA,
Office with J. W. Dickerson Esq.. JSaprly j
PHYSICIANS.
B. F. HARRY',
Respectfully tenders his professional ser
vices to the citisens of Bedford and vicinity.
Office and residence on Pitt Street, in the building
formerly occupied by Dr. J. H. Hofius. [Apl 1,69.
MISCELLANEOUS.
OF,. SHANNON, BANKER,
. BEDFORD, PA. j
BANK OF DISCOUNT AND DEPOSIT. '■
Collections made for the East, West, North and
South, and the general business of Exchange
transacted. Notes and Account* "Collected and
Remittances promptlymade. REAL ESTATE
bought and sold. April 1:69
DANIEL BORDER,
PITT STREET, TWO DOORS WEST OF TBB BED
FORD HOTEL, BEIFJRD, PA.
WATCHMAKER AND DEALER IN JEWEL
RY. SPECTACLES. AC.
He keep* on hand a stock of fine Gold and Sit
ter Watches, Spectacles of Brilliant Doable Refin
e 1 Glasses, also Scotch Pebble Glasses. Gold
Watch Chains. Breast Pins, Finger Rings, best
quality of Gold Pens. Ho will supply to order
any thing in his lice not on hand. [spr.2B/65.
DW. CROUSE,
• DEALER 19
CIGARS. TOBACCO, PIPES, AC.
On Pitt street one door east of Geo. R. Oster
4 Co.'s Store, Bedford, Pa., is now prepared
to sell by wholesale all kinds of CIGARS. All
orders promptly filled. Persons desiring anything
is his line will do well to give him a call.
Bedford April 1. '69.,
fl N. HICKOK ,
. DENTIST.
Office at tho old stand is
BASK BCTIDKCG, Juliana St., BEDFORD.
All operations pertaining to
Surgical and Mechanical Dentistry
performed with care and
WARRANTED.
Anftietiri adminiiterei, teien dfired. Ar
tifieial teeth inserted at, per let, f 8.00 and up.
vard.
As I am debet mined to do a CASH BUSINESS
or none, I hare reduced the prices for Artificial
Teeth of the various kinds. 26 per cent., and of
Gold Fillings 33 per cent. This reduction will be
made only to strictly Cash Patients, and all sach
will receive prompt attention. 7feb3
HOTEL
This large and commodious house, having been
re-taken by the subscriber, is now open for the re
ception of visitors and boarders. The rooms are
large, well ventilated, and comfortably furnished.
The table will always be supplied with the best
the u arket can afford. The Bar is stocked with
the choicest liquors. In short, it is wr purpose
to keep a FIRhT-CLASS HOTEL. Thanking
the public for past favors, I respectfully solicit a
renewal of their patronage.
B. Hacks will run constantly between the
Hotel and the Springs.
mayl7,':lj WM, DIBERT, Prop'r.
EXCHANGE hotel.
HUNTINGDON, PA.
This old establishment having been leased by
J. MORRISON, formerly proprietor of the Mor
# ri.-oe House, has been entirely renovated and re
furnished and supplied with all the modern im
provements and conveniences necessary to a first
class Hotel.
The dining room has been removed to the first
floor aad is new spacious and airy, and the cham
bers are all well ventilated, and the proprietor
will endeavor to make his guests perfectly at
home. Address, J. MORRISON,
EXCA/so* HOTEL,
-ljclytf lanti igdon, Pa.
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GETTY SBC KG.
The Dedication Ode Head by Bayard
Taylor.
The following is the ode read by Bayard
Taylor at the dedication of the Soldier'* Mono"
• ment on the battle-field of Gettysburg:
I.
A Iter the eyes; tEat looked, the lips that spake
Here, from the shadows of impending death,
| Those words of solemn breath,
What voice may fitly bteak
The silence, doubly hallowed, left by him ?
We can but bow the head, with eyes grown
dim,
And, as a nation's litany, Yepeat
The phrase his martrydosi hath made com
plete,
Noble as then, but now more sadly sweet .-
"Let us, the Living, rather dedicate
Ourselves to the unfinished work which they
Thus far advanced so nobly on its way.
And save the periled Slate !
Let us, upon this field where they, the brave,
Their last lull measure of devotion gave,
Highly resolve they have not died in vain 1
That, under God, the nation's latter birth
01 Freedom, and the People's gain
Of their own Sovereignty, shall never wane
And perish from the circle of the earth !"
From such a perfect text, shall Song aspire
To light its faded fire,
; And into wandering music turn
; Its virtue, simple, sorrowful, and stern?
| His voice all elegies anticipated :
For, whatso'er the strain,
We hear that one refrain ;
"We consecrate ourselves to them, the Con
secrated !"
11.
After the thunder storm our heaven is blue ;
Far off, along the borders of the sky,
In silver folds the clouds of battle lie,
With soft, consoling sunlight shining through;
And round the sweeping circle of your hills
The crashing cannon-thrills
Have faded from the memory of the air ;
And summer pours from unexhausted foun
tains
Her bliss on yonder mountains :
The camps are tenantless, the breastworks j
bare:
Earth keeps no stain where hero-blood was
poured:
The hornets, humming on their wings of lead,
Have ceased to sting, their angry swarms are
dead,
And harmless in its scabbard, rusts the sword!
111.
Ob, not till now —oh, now we dare, at last,
To give our heroes fitting consecration !
Not till the soreness of the str fe is past.
And Peace hath comforted the weary nation!
So long her sad indignant spirit held
One keen regret, one throb of pain unquelled,
So long the land about her feet was waste,
The ashes of the burning lay upon her,
We stood beside their graves with brews
abased,
Waiting the poorer mood to do them honor !
They, through the flames of this dread holo
caust,
The patriot's wrath, the soldier's ardor, lost:
1 hey sit above us and above our passion,
Disparaged even by our kenan tears
Beholding troth our race, perchance, may
fashion
In the slow judgment of the creeping years,
We saw the still reproof upon their faces ;
We heard them whisper from the shinning
spaces:
"loday ye grieve; come not to us with sor- 1
row !
W ait for the glad, the reconciled To morrow! j
Your grief but clouds the ether where we
dwell :
Y our auger keeps your souls and ours apart;
But come with peace and pardon, all is well!
And come with love, wc touch you, heart to
heart!"'
IV.
Immortal Brothers, we have heard!
Our lips declare the reconciling word:
tor Battle taught, that set us face to face,
The stubborn temper of the race,
And both, from fields no longer alien, come,
To grander action equally invited, —
Slarshalled by learning's trump, by Labor's
drum,
In strife that purifies and makes united !
We force to build the powers that would de- i
•stroy:
Ihe muscles, hardened by the sabre's grasp.
Now give our hands a firmer clasp;
We bring not grief to you, but solemn joy 1
And, feeling you to near,
I.ook forward with your eyes, divinely clear,
To some sublimely-perfect, sacred year,
\1 hen sons and fathers whom ye overcame
Forget in mutual pride the partial blame,
And join with us, to set the final crown
Upon your dear renown, —
The People's Union in heart aod name 1
V
And yet, ye Dead ! —and yet
Our clouded uatures cling to one regret;
We are not all resigned
To yield, with even mind,
Our scarcely-risen stars, that here untimely
set.
We needs must think of History that waits
For lines that live but iu their proud begin
ning—
Arrested promises and cheated fates—
Youth's boundless venture and its single win
ning,
We see the ghosts of deeds they might have
done,
The phantom homes that beaconed their en
deavor ;
The seeds of coantless lives, in them'begun,
1 hat might have multiplied for us forever !
We grudge the better strain of men
That proved iteelf, and was extinguished tben-
The field, with Btrength and hope so thickly
sown,
Wberefrom no other harvest shall be mown ;
For all the land, within its clasping seas,
Is poorer now in bravery and beauty
Such wealth of manly loves and energies
Was given to teach us all the free man's sa
cred duty!
VI.
Again 'tis they, the Dead ,
By whom our hearts are comforted.
Deep as the land blown murmurs of the waves
The answer cometh from a thousand graves:
"Not so ! we are not orphaned of our fate!
Though life were warmest and though love
were sweeteet.
We still have portion in their best estate;
Our fortune is the fuire&t and com pie test!
Our homes are everywhere; our loves are set
In hearts of man and woman, sweet and ver
nal ;
Courage and Truth, the children we beget,
Unmixed of baser earth, shall be eternal.
A finer spirit in the blood shall give
The token of the lines wherein we live —
Unselfish force, unconscious nobleness
That in the shocks of fortune stands unsha
ken—
The hopes that in their very being bless,
The aspirations that to deeds awaken '
Oh, if superior virtue ye allow
BEDFORD, PA FRIDAY. JULY 23 1869.
To ns, be sure it still is vital in you —
That trust like our lift the brow,
Aud strength like ours shall ever steel the
sinew!
We are the blossoms which the storm hes
i cast
From the Spring promise of our Freedom s
' tree,
Pruning its overgrowths, that so, at last,
Its later fruit more beautiful shall be !
j Content if, when the buim of l ime assuages
The branch's hurt, some fragrance of our
lives
Id all the land survives,
And makes their memory Bweet through still
expanding ages! 1 '
MI.
Thus grandly, they we mourn, themselves
console us :
Aud, as their spirits conquer and control ns,
j We hear from some high realm that lies be
yond,
The hero- voices of the Past respond.
; From every State tbat reached a broader
| right .
Through fiery gates of battle; from the shock
Of old invasions on the People's rock ;
From tribes that stood, iu-Kirgs' and Priests*
despite; * ••
From graves, forgotten in the Syrian sand, ;
| Or nam '<-ss barrows of the Northern strand,
Or go.ges of the Alps and Pyrenees,
: Or the dark bowels of devouring sea3 —
Wherever Man for Man's sake died--wherever
Death stayed the march of upward-climbinj
feet,
Leaving their present incomplete,
Bat through far Futures crowning their en
deavor, —
. Their ghostly voices to onr ears are senf,
As when the high note of a trumpet wrings
; -Eolian answers from the strings
Of many a mute, unfingered instrument.
; Platmau cymbals thrill for us to-day;
I The horns of Sempach in onr echoes play, •
And nearer yet, and sharper, and more stem,
The slogan rings that startled Ban nock burn;
Tiil from the field, made green with kindred
deed,
The shields are clashed iu exultation
Above the dauntless nation,
That for a continent has fought its Runny
mede!
VII r.
1 eg, for a continent! The heart that beats
V ith such rich blood of sacrifice
Shall from the topics, drowsed with languit
heats,
To the blue ramparts of the Northern ic<
Make felt its pulses all this young world ove!
Shall thrill, and shake, and sway
Each land that burgeons iu the Western da-.
Whatever flag may float, whatever shield msy ;
cover!
With fuller manhood every wind is rife,
In every soil are sown the seeds of valor,
Since out of death came forth such boundliss
life,
Such ruddy beauty out of anguished pallor!
And that war-wasted arm
Put forth to lift a sister-land from harm,
Ere the last blood upon the blade was dried,
Shall still be stretched, to shelter and to
guide,
Beyond her borders, answering the need
With counsel and with deed.
Along the Eastern and the Western wave-
Still strong to smite, still beantiful to save! !
IX.
Thus, in her seat secure,
W here now no distant menaces can reach ler,
At last in undivided freedom pure,
She sits the, unwilling world's uticonscous
teacher :
And. day by day, beneath sereuer skies,
The unshaken pillars of her palace rise,
The Doric shafts, tbat lightly upward press,
And hide in grace their giant massiveness.
V\ hat though the sword has hewn each ow
ner stone.
And precious blood cements the deep found
ation ?
Never by ether force have empires grown; I
From other basis never rose a nation!
For strength is born of straggle, faith of
doubt.
Of discord law, and freedom of oppression;
We hail from Pisgab, with exulting shout,
The Promised Land below us, bright with
sun.
And deem its pastures won,
Ere toil and blood have earned us their pos
session !
Each aspiration of our human earth
Becomes an act through keenest pangs of
birth ;
Each force, to bless, must cease to dream,
Aud conquer life through agony sup-eme ;
Each inborn right must outwardly be tested
By stern material weapons, ere it stand
In the enduring fabric of the land,
Secured for those who yielded it, and those
who wrested!
X.
This they have dooe forus who slumber!
here—
Awake, alive, though now so dumbly sleeo- t
'ugl
•Spreading the board, but tasting not its cheer, I
Sowing, but never reaping;—
Building, but never sitting in the shade
Of the strong mansion they have made;
Speaking their word of life with mighty
tongue,
But hearing not the echo, million voiced,
Of brothers who rejoiced,
From all our river vales and mountains flung!
So take them, Heroes of the songful Past!
Open your ranks, let every .shining troop
Its phantom banners droop,
To hail Earth's noblest martyrs, and her last
Take them, 0 Fatherland!
Who, dying, conquered in tby came;
And, with a greatful hand,
Inscribe their deed who took away thy blame —
Gire, for their grandest all, thine insufficient
fame!
Take them, O God! our Brave,
The glad fulfillers of Tby dread decree ;
Who grasped the sword for Peace, and smote
to save,
And, dying here for Freedom, died for Thee!
OKATKKI BV TUE UO.V O. P. JUOK
TU3,
Delivered at the Dedication ol the
Gettysburg Monument, July 1,1869.
When the monument we are about to
dedicate shall have crumbled into dust;
when '.he last vestige of this cemetery shall
have been obliterated by the hand of time;
when there shall be nothing left of ail we see
now bat the hills, the valleys, the streams,
and the distant mountains, the great battle
which here took place, with its far-reaching
consequence.-, will stiil live in history. Na
tions have their birth, youth, maturity, old
age, and death; and our?, though we call it
eternal, and our institutions immortal, will
be no exception. Bat though nations must
pass a ryy, and nil physical evidence of their
existen lie lost, yet may tb.-y live through
atf cime, in the brightness of their example?,
in the glory of their deeds, aud in the
b&ieficeoee of their iostitutvns. Those a>e
; the inheritances they may leave to the fr
--! coming centuries.
!When the pyramids of Egypt shall have
sunk to the level of the Nile; when the last
remnant of Grecian architecture, the last in
j scribed block of marble, shall have perished,
j una will stiil road of Moses and the Pass of
j Thermopylae. Monuments, after ail, are
| but for the present, and may only instruct a
few generations. But a glorious deed is a
joy forever.
Six years ago, day after tomorrow, the
I nion army was stretched along these bights
iroui <_ ulp g Hill to Round Top—a human
. breakwater, against which the great tidal
{ * ave °f Rebellion was that day to dash in
vain, an 1 be thrown back in bToodv spray and
uroken billows. The Rebel chieftain, flushed '
by his success at Fredericksburg and
, Chancellors* ille, forgetting that bis tri- ]
umphs bad aiiscn from the fact that he Lad
ought upon his own soil, behind natural
{fastnesses, having the advantage of choice
|r>f portion and knowledge of the country,
had insolently crossed the Potomac, and in
vaded the lojal State of Pennsylvania. But i
• roni this invasion he was to be hurled back
in bloody defeat, and in disordered flight to
recross the Potomac, never again to set foot
upon the soil of a loyal State. On yonder
high ground across the plain was drawn out
in battle array the Rebel host. It was an
open field; the terms were nearly equal, and
steady Northern valor, animated by the love
of country, was to meet the boasted Chivalry
of the South fighting for Slavery, sweep it
from the field, strip it of its meretricious
plumes, and give the Confederacy a fata!
wound.
It is the solid qualities of men and nations
win in the long run. The chivalry of
false pride, the arrogance and vanity of a
favored class, whose elevation is only seen
by the depression of other?, may by spas
modic a time dazzle the eyes of
the world, but cannot long maintain a suc
cessful contest with truth, justice, and the
strength of free institutions. This was illus
trated in the war of the rebellion, and in the
battle of Gettysburg. This battle was not
won by superior strategy or military genius,
although managed with great courage and
skili by Gen. Meade and his subordinate
commanders, who left nothing undone that
the occasion seemed to require, and who
made the best use of the forces and op
portunities at their command.
It was a three days battle, with varying for
tunes the first and second days, in wbich the I
steadineis of Northern valor, animated by
the convictions cf a just cause, and the love
and pride of a great free country, finally
wore out, bore down, and swept from the
field the Rebel masses, composed of men of
equal physical courage, but whose moral
power was impaired by the absence of tbat
strong conviction of the right, which is a
vast element of success.
In yonder cemetery among the white
tombstones, "where heaves the turf in many
a molder!ng heap" over the buried genera
lions of the hamlet, was planted the ar
tillery, whose fearful peals woald have!
aroused the slumbering dead, were it not j
ordained that they should awake only at the
sound of the last trump. Just behind the j
crest of the bill, in the old cemetery, stood j
the tent of our glorious commander, the im
perturbable Meade, calmly dictating hi- 1 j
orders, while the storm of shot and shell I
Sew over and around him. From yonder
steeple, south west of the village, the Rebel
chieftain surveyed the field, directed his host,
and from time to time saw his advancing
columns reel and wither, and finally retreat
in bopeles- flight and confusion. The flow
er of the Rebel army had been chosen for
the a--au!t, and were massed to bring over
whelming numbers to bear on the point of
tttack, Ihe Rebel chieftain brought to
gether more than 150 pieces of artillery,
with which, for three hours, he poured a j
terrific fire upon that part of the Union j
■ lines he intended to assault.
It was a grand and solemn sight, when
line after line, with steady step and in per- j
I feet order, emerged from the Smoke and ;
swept across the field toward the Union
army. It was a moment of vast jeril and
import, of which both parties were power
fully conscious. If the Rebel assault was
-uecessful, and we lost the battle, Washing
ton and Philadelphia were within their;
grasp. The North invaded, defeated, and
demoralized, would do— we know not what,
i Foreign nations would be encouraged to in
tervene and the South elated, would put
: forth more desterale efforts thaa before.
: If the assault failed, and we gained the
j battle, the remnant of the Rebel hosts must j
iseek safety in flight, and a blow would be
inflicted upon the Confederacy, from which ,
|it could scarcely recover. These thoughts |
r vrere present in the minds of all; and gave
heroic courage to assault, and to resist. But !
DOW the fire of our artillery was opened upon j
the advancing columns, and the shot and :
shell tore through their ranks, making great
gaps, which were quickly filled up by those
who came behind. But onward they came,
with desperate courage, until soon the fierce
fire of musketry on both sides, mingled with
the horrid roar of artillery. Then, with
terrific yells they rn-hed upon our lines: but
the impetus of their assault w.-s suddenly
! checked. They were met by a courage as
desperate as I heir own, and a fierce hand-to
hand conflict took place. The r ; -ult was not
long doubtful. Their thinned and broken
: columns were flung back across the plain in
; h adlong thousands of
prisoners in our Lards, the ground covered
with deed and dying, and wet and muddy
wi.h blood. We had gained the day, though
at fearful cost. The victory wa great and
mighty iu its cous-quences. The prestige of
the Rebel army was broken, never to be re
covered, and the wound inflicted upon the
Confederacy was never stanched, until it
had bled to death.
But I shall not attempt to give a general
description of the battle, or to enumerate
the many glorious names th it are a part of
it
The nest day was the 4th of July, and
the most memorable since that of 1770. On
another field it witnessed the surrender ef
another large Rebel army to the great chief
tain of the wir, now dttv illustrious Presi
dent. The capture of Yieksburg ojtened
the navigation of the Mississippi River, and
severed from the Confederacy all that part
of its territory lying west of that river. The
loss to the Confederacy was irreparable. It
wa< out off fiom its chief source of supplies.
The limits of the war were greatiy cireein
scribed. The mass of the Rebel population
were demoralized, and be_an to despair.
from that day it became manifest that the
Rebellion could not succeed, unless the
Southern people exhibited that enduring,
patience under adversity and high devotion
that will sacrifice everything for the cause,
which, as it turned out, they did not possess.
By our victories at Gettysburg and Vicks
burg the Rebellion lost its prestige in Eu
rope, and all hopes of foreign intervention.
At the foot of this tnonumeut sleep the
heroes of the battle. Here lie the father,
the hnsbaod, the brother, and the only son.
In far-off homes, among the hills of New
i England, on the shores of the lakes, and in
j the valleys and plains of the West, the
widow, the orphan, aud the aged parent are
weeping for these beloved dead. Many of
the tombs are marked "unknown," but tbey
will all be recognized on the morning of the
resurrection. The unknown dead left be
hind them kindred, friends, and breaking
hearts. None die so humble but leavesotue
one to mourn. ' Perished at Gettysburg,
1 u defense of their couutiy," 979 men, of
whose names, homes, or lineage, there is no
trace left on earth. Doubtless the Record
ing Angel has preserved the record, aud
when the books are opened on the last day
their names wiil be found in letters of living
light, on the immortal page of heroes who
died that their country might live. s
In the fields before us are the graves of
the Rebel dead, now sunk to the level of
the plain, '"unmarked, unhonored, and un
known. Ihey were our countrymen, of
our blood, language, and history. They dis
played a courage worthy of their country*
and of a better cause, and we may drop a
tear to their memory. The news of this
fatal field carried ageny to thousands of
Southern Homes, and the wail of despair was
heard in the everglades and orange groves
of the South. Would to God that these
men had died for their country, and not in
fratricidal strife, for its destruction. Oh,
who caD describe the wickedness of rebel
lion, or paint the horrors of civil war.'
The Rebellion was madness. It was the
insanity of States, the delirium of millions,
brought on by the perfticious influence ol
human Slavery. The people of the South
were drunk with the spoi's of the labor of
4,01X1,000 of slaves. Tbey were educated
in the belief that chivalry and glory were
the inheritance only of slaveholders; that
free institutions and free labor begat cow
ardice and servility; that Northern men
were sordid and mercenary, intent only npon
gain, and would not fight for their Govern
ment or principles. And thus educated
and thus believing, they raised their Lands
to strike the Government of their fathers,
and to establish a new Constitution, the
chief comer-stoue of which was to be hu
man Slavery.
The lust of power, the unholy greed of
Slavery, the mad ambition of disappointed
statesmen, impelled the people of the South
to a fearful crime, which drenched the land
with fraternal blood, that has been punished
as few crimes have ever been in this world,
but out of which, we are assured, that God,
in His providenee, wiil bring forth the
choicest blowings to our country and to the
human race: CVCD as the rarest flowers spring
in profusion from the graves of the dead:
Liberty universal, soon to be guaranteed
and preserved by suffrage universal; the
keeping of a nation's freedom to be intrusted
to all thf pcojric, and not to a part only; the
national reproach washed out, in rivers of
blood, it is true: but the sins of the world
were atoned by the blood of the Savior, aud
the expiation of blood seems to be the grand
economy of God, founded in wisdom, to
mortals inscrutable. Resurrection comes
oniy from the grave. Death is the great
progenitor of life. From the tomb of the
Rebellion a nation has been born again.
The principles of liberty, so gloriously stated
in the Declaration of Independence, had
hitherto existed in theory. The Govern
ment had ever been a painful contradiction
to the Declaration. While proclaiming to
the world that liberty was the gift of God
to every human being, 4,000,000 of people
were he!d in abject and brutalizing Slavery,
under the shadow of the national flag. ID
the presence of these slaves, professions of
devotion to liberty were vain and hypocriti
cal. The clanking of their chains ascended
perpetually in contradiction to our pro
fessions, and the enemies of republicanism
pointed contemptuously to our example.
But all this is passed. Slavery lies buried
in the tomb of the Rebellion. The Rebellion
—the of Slavery—hath murdered
its unnatural parent, and the perfect reign of
liberty is at band.
With the rat ideation of the Fifteenth Ar
ticle, proposed by Congress as an amend
ment to the Constitution of the United
States, which we have every reason, to be
lieve will soon be completed, impartial
suffrage will be established throughout the
land. The equal rights of men will be
recognized, and the millenium in liberty
and government will be realized, to which
our fathers locked forward with hopefulness
and joy.
The principles of liberty once planted in
the earth and ripened into their rich fruits,
will be borne through all the ago, Leasing
mankind to the lafest generation, even as
the seeds first sown by the hand of God in
Paradise were blown by the winds front con
tinent to continent, until the world wos
clothed with verdure, fruits, and flowers.
The prospect for liberty throughout the
world was never so bright as it is to-day.
In all civilized lands the grand armies of
freedom are on their march. And they are
allied armies. Victory to one will give
prestige and confidence to the others. With
some, progress will be slow, they will en
counter disaster and defeat, lut will again
ral'y and go forward to final victory. Inthc
great campaign of freedom we count, not
by months, but by decades and generations;
in which there will be many a Bull Run,
many a Gettysburg, and a final Appomattox.
The lines of march will be marked by many
a cemetery like this, by the wrecks of fallen
institutions and dynasties, and by the ruins
of hereditary privilege and caste.
Let as briefly review the advsnrcof liberty
since 1770.
The priueiples of the Declaration of In
dependence took early and deep root in
trance. The people of the Empire had long
suffered from the grossest misrule and op
pression, and their minds were Weil prepared
to comprehend and accept the new Gosncl
of Liberty. The French revolution first
threw off the kingiv government, then es
tablished complete democracy, but, not
km-wing how to use liberty without abusing
it, and the people being governed by their
passions, and seeking to aveogeupou parties
and classes the wrong* they had suffered
for generations, passed into anarchy, from
V Ola. 42: NO. 27
which the transi • ion hack t<> monarchy and
despotism was easy and rapid. But the re
: turn lo monarchy way not characterized by
! the former opprcseioo and u.i-rule. The
; people had learned their rigblsaml mooarclis
i had learned their power. Many of the old
j abuses which had teen swept away by the
rcvolction were gone forever, and the new
monarchy governed with copipar tive just
ice. liberality and humanity.
I The spirit of liberty had entered into the
hearts of the people, and from time to lime
asserted itself in various ways, and, in ISIS,
France returned again to a Republic. This
lasted bat a short time, hut the new mon
arch who overthrew it and established hirn
soif upon its ruins, was constrained to ac
knowledge the sovereignty of the peop'e,
and lo profess to accept It. crown by the
vote of the majority. While wo cannot say
much for the freedom of that election, nor
believe that the result was the will of the
people ; yet it was of vast significance that
the usurping gov mm MI t was oropeUed
to claim its title from a pretended popular
election. In many respects the Govern
ment of Napoleon If I. has been excellent,
lie f a* r.eoguized the f tc'out of re'igioj*
opinion. He ha* protected the people in
their persons and property. He has en
couragtd trade and industry, stimu'atcd
manufactures, and i x tended tLeircotntnerce.
He has given them a constitution which
eteates a legis'ative body, and guarantees
many rights and privileges. But the pro-
I!e are not satisfied. TVy are denied lib
erty of speech and of the pros* upon politi
cal question--. They are not allowed to as
semble for the discussion of measures in
which they are vital'y interested. Their
legislative body is so constructed and man
aged, as to be a mere registry of the will of
the Emperor. The recent elections show
the spirit of discontent, and the existence
of a powerful party who understand their
rights and arc detei mined to assert them,
peaceably if they can, and, as we have rea
s>n to believe, forcibly if they must. The
attentive observer, anl student of French
history, is led to the conclusion that nothing
can preserve the throne and dynasty of Na
poleon 111., but the concession of popular
rights, and the e.-tablisliment of freedom of
speech, and of the press, of the elections,
and of the legislative body.
The Republican sentiment of France,
though it has been unfortunate, and from
time to time suppressed and apparently ex
tinguished, i* still vital, is growing in intel
ligence and power, and cannot be restrained,
unless monarchy becomes so liberal and
free as to confer the substantial benefit of a
Republic.
We cannot doubt that Napoleon appreci
ates the situation, and is preparing to make
such concessions as will keep the popular
di.-eontent this side of revedution.
The march of liberty in Gerifiany is slow
but steady. The great German family are
struggling for unity and freedom. The in
stitutions of Germany are becoming more
liberal fiorn year to year, and the condition
of the people better and happi r.
Tbe evil of large standing armies, annu
ally withdrawing the young men from home
and productive pursuits, is still endured,
because Germany is surrounded by war-like
and powerful enemies, clad in complete ar
mor.
But everywhere the tendency of the Ger
man mind is to the fullest liberty of thought,
and to the recognition of the "equal rights"
of men.
Austria, so long oppressed, feels and re
sponds to the impulse of libcrtv. An intel
ligent Emperor, who has not shut his eyes
to what is going on in the world around
him, perceives that he eaDnot stem the pow
erful current everywhere setting in toward
free institutions, and that the security of
his throne depends upon his conceding to
the people, rights and privileges which have
been denied them since Austria was an Em
pire, and giving back to Hungary the enjoy
ment of her ancient Constitution.
The abolition ot*the Concordat, the estab
lishment of religions freedom, thcequal tax
ation of all classes, are among the hopeful
beginnings of Austrian reform.
Italy, the ancient seat of the power and
glory of the Roman Empire -, land of histo
ry, philosophy, poetry, music, painting,
sculpture and romance; land of "starry
climes and sunny skies," whose delicious
climate, lofty mountains, and beautiful val
leys and plains have ever exeited tbe ad
miration of the traveler and poet, ha® made
great progress in unity and freedom.
Suffrage nearly universal, the habess
corpus, freedom of religion, and free schools,
are some of the principal features of Italian
liberty.
The spirit of liberty is abroad in Russia
—mighty empire of the North, whose gov
ernment has represented the perfect idea of
Absolute Despotism—an autocratic power,
unrestrained by constitution or law. An
en'ightened Czar, animated by love for his
people, and perceiving the individual hap
piness and material prosperity product d
by free institutions, abolished Slavery
throughout bis dominions, made the serfs
freemen, and gave to them local free insti
tutions, based upon the right of suffrage.
It is true the imperial power still extends
over al!—a dark imj>cnetrab!e canopy—but
beneath its shadow there is individual liber
ty and local self-government. Thus far the
prosperous r salt ha® established th: w's
dotn of the Czar, and may we not believe
that be has laid the foundations of a fee
government, to be developed into a graud
Republic in the far future, and nearer, into
a Comtitattonal Monarchy with represen
tative institutions? Liberty is like living
seed ; wherevtr planted it vivifies, expands,
develops. Thus p'antcd in Russia among
the lowest people and for local purposes, i
will grow, develop, and finally conqu.r.
Russia is among tb-: progressive nations, and
is our friend ; Sod it was the American ex
ample which touchi d the heart and intellect
of tbe Emperor.
The spirit of liberty i U onward march
has iuvaded Sp in, and is stirring the great
national heart. We hire lately seen the
great Spanish people firmly, and almost
peacefully and unanimously, depose a licen
tious Queen, and declare against her <lpnas
ty. We have seen this people meet in
primary assemblies, tni, by suffrage uni
versal: elect a National Cortes, which has
for uiaoy months, in calm debate, consid
ered and framed a nevr constitution, which,
although not republican in its form, con
tains so much liberty, so uiuch that is good
and progressive in government, as to give
the worl i high hope in the future ol J-pain.
We 1 are heard th is National Assembly de
clare that all sovereignty and pov.er reside
in tie peopk': thus denying the divine
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right of kings, nod asserting the fundamen
tal idea of free ifiwrirutiow. We lyve
bear] it pronounce the abolition of Slave
ry We have heard it pronounce the
right of all men to worship God according
to tbe dictates of their own consciences.
Verily, these are great things, and new
times, in old Spain.
These are the germs of free institution',
and will, in the progress of years, grow into
a Republican Government.
Cubs, the Queen of the Antilles, richest
gent in the Spanish Crown, the most fertile
el* i-Liifd*, rich beyond description in the
fruits and productions of tropical clime!';
and from which the Spani-h treasury has
so 1 >ng been supplied, is making a bold,
vigorous, and, a- we trust, a successful el
fort to throw off the Spani-li yoke and es
tablish h< r independence.
fhe n.it sve Cubans, in.-pired by the spirit
! liberty, have i>i< claimed freedom to the
| staves, freedom of ridieious opinion, and
| that Governments exist only by consent of
i the gov. rned. Cuba belongs to the Ameri
can system, and the question of her fate is
essentially American. He cannot be indif
ferent t > ibe struggle, and trust and believe
that our G •vertrm ot stands realy to ac
knowledge her independence at the earliest
moment that will lie justified by the laws
and usages of nation*.
Tbnn.'h we cannot r gbtfu'ly in'crves® be
tween Spain and her Colony which she has
so long oppressed and impoverished, our
st rr< jat hi—s are with the Cubans, and we
ctntiot regret any aid thev may receive,
which does not "evolve a breach of the ir.-
t rnati-.na! bu'v of our Government,
\\ bde the grand revolution in Spain is
proceeding so peacefully and successfully;
while the Spanish people are asserting their
liberties, and fo tifying them by Constitu
tional bulwarks, it is to 1* deeply regretted
that they arc <l, tij ing to Cuba what they
chiim for them-elves.
The American Rcvofati' n was a'so an
Eng i-h revolution. Tin: struggle f„r lil er
ty here reacted upon England, has gone for
waid there continually, and is stronger to
day than ever, One reform ha.-, succeeded
another. Ihe basis of suffrage has been
wr.dened frc-m time to time; and has always
lieeti followed 1- y an extension of the right®,
privih-tes, and prosperity of the people.
1 lis iu -titutions of England have become
to liberal, just, and beneficent as the
right of suffrage has been extended, trnd a
arger number of men admitted to a voice
in tha Government. I{-eent!y we have seen
a new extenstoti of the franchise, followed
a.tnost immediately by a movement for the
disestablishment of the Irish Church. The
Iri.-h Church establishment, though pro
fe—etl'y in the interests of Protestantism, is
not sustained or justified by the Protestant
world, and the Protestant masses of Eng
land are demanding its repeal. The Dises
tablishment hill has passed the House of
Coimuaas, hut the Girds threaten to reject
it or destroy it ly modifications. It may
sacrifice itself, but :t cannot thereby pre
-erveibe Irish establishment. The House
ol Lords is tolerated only upon the condi
tion that it wi.l ratify the action of the
( 'immoos, and will give its formal assent to
all popu'ar movements. It possesses to
real political power, and will not be permit
ted to obs' uet the wLhes of the people.
Should it be rash enough to reject the Dis
establishment bill, it will at once inaugurate
a movement for its own reorganization, and
the destruction of hereditary privilege.
Such a movement cannot, perhaps, Lie
long deferred anyhow. Another reform bill
will soon be demanded, * making suffrage
universal, or nearly so, to be followed by
the disestablishment of the English Church,
the abolition of the laws of primogeniture,
and the final dc -tructioa of the kingly of
fice. The mass of the English people are
substantially, though not professedly, re
publican in sentiment. They accept the
great doctrine of human rights upon which
our Government is founded; and, while
they yet retain the throne and the House
of Lords, any attempt on the part of either
lo exercise positive power, or resist the
popular will, would be instantly met by
threats of resistance, and, if not abandoned,
by revolution. The tbrooe and the Upper
House remain much like the Federal castles
that yet distinguish the English landscape,
emblems of departed power, carious to the
view, ful. of historic interest, but no longer
dangerous to the peace of the surrounding
country. English reforms, heretofore slow,
are becoming more rapid, and the English
people are marching with accelerated speed
to a republican government. Universal
suffrage and hereditary privilege cannot
exist long together. They are essentially
hostile elements. The progress of suffrage
in England has been resisted at every step
by the ari-tocratie classes; but after many
years of struggle it has arrived at that point
where its further progress cannot be long
delayed Universal suffrage lies at the very
-ummit of the hill of Difficulty, the ascent
of which is rugged, slow, and toilsome, but
when aeehieved the people will be masters
of the situation. America is avenging ber
j self upon En: and by gradually but suiely
overturning 1 er aristocratic and hierarchic
institutions by the force o! her teachings and
ezunple. The principles of civil in! elis
ions liberty, c®u !e and imp-rfcet when first
brought from England to America, having
b en re.i-i d, i hist rated, arid ex'enled, we
return tie in to the mother country for her
adoption, laden with rich and glorious rc
-u't-s. The spirit of American liberty is
abroad in England. Her Bright!, Glad
stones Forst-.es, and bcr whole host of lib
eral stau -men, are proclaiming the doctrines
of tbe 1 1 <l-1 ration of Independence, and
verify in. the saying of a celebrated English
man, that ibe American Revolution guar
anteed the tree institutions of England.
We may not live to >ee England a republic,
but I believe our children will. The event
can bo predicted wi:h as much certainty as
any other iu human affair.-; and it is hasten
ing on, perhaps fa t enough wh<n all thiDgs
are considered.
The difficu ties in tbe way of putting down
the Rebellion w. re g'eas The rebellious
States contained a population of not less
than ten millions, and although nearly four
millions were slaves, yet most of them, until
the very ccneluVsou of the war, constituted
the laboring and producing classes, and fur
nishing the supplies for the Rebel armies in
the field, and the non-combatants at home.
The territory of the rebellious States com
prised au erea of not less than eight hundred
thou r-ud qua re nrlcS, diversified by vast
ranges of mountains, deep rivers, tangled
Wilder ic. s, and far-stretching swamps, and
;CO>'TI.VCED OS FOURTH PAOU,]