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AH letter* pertaining to business o the office
thfiiiltl bfl to
JOHN LUTZ, Binroan, Pa.
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erofrssionat $ gastons* £ards.
attorneys at law.
J OJIN T. KEAGY,
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW.
S&, Office opposite Kecd A Schell'S Bank.
Couaeel given in English and German. [apl26]
| R I,MM ELL AND LINOEXFELTER,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW, BEoroan, FA.
Have formed a partnership in the practice of
the Law, in new brick building near the Lutheran
Church. 1, 1 564-tf
■YJ\ A. POINTS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW, BEDFORD, PA.
Respectfully tenders his professional services
to the public. Office with J. W. Lingenfelter,
Esq., on Public Square near Lutheran Church.
,E9~Colleetions promptly male. [Dec.9,"t-tf.
J. J AYES IRVINE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Will faithfully and promptly attend to all busi
ness intrusted to his care. Office withG. H. Spang,
Esq., on Juliana street, three doors south of the
Mengel House. May 24:1y
Espy m. alsip,
ATTORNEY AT LAW, BEDFORD, PA.,
Will faithfully and promptly attend to all busi
ness entrusted to his cue in Bedford and adjoin
<T counties. Military claims, Pensions, back
pay, Bounty, Ac. speedily collected. Office with
Mann A Spang, on Juliana street, 2 doors south
of the Mengel House. apl 1, 1864.— tf.
a. F. stress J. w. DICEKKAOB
MEYERS A DICKERSON,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
BBDFORD, PASS'S.,
Office nearly opposite the Mengel Honse, will
practice in the several Courts of Bedford county.
Pensions, bounties and back pay obtained and the
purchase of Real ESTATE attended to. [may 11,"66- ly
r R. DURBORROW,
J . ATTORNEY AT LAW,
BEBFORD, PA.,
Will attend promptly to all business intrusted to
his care. Collections made on the shortest no
tice.
lie is, also, a regularly licensed Claim Agent
and will give special attention tc the prosecution
of claims against the Government for Pensions,
Back Pay, Bounty, Bounty Lands, Ae.
Office on Juliana street, one door South of the
Inquirer office, and nearly opposite the ' Mengel
House" April 28, 1865:t
p B. STUCKEY,
ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW,
and REAL ESTATE AGENT,
Office on Main Street, between Fourth and Fifth,
Opposite the Court House.
KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI.
Will practice in the adjoining Counties of Mis
souri and Kansas. Juiy 12:tf
S. L. RCSSRLU - —J. H. LOXGCSECKBR
UUSSELL A LONGEXECKER,
VTTORSETS A COUNSELLORS AT LAW,
Bedford, Pa-
Will attend promptly and faithfully to all busi
ness entrusted to their care. Special attention
given to collections and.tbe prosecution of claims
for Back Pay, Bounty, Pensions. Ac.
on Juliana street, south of the Court
House. Aprila:lyr.
]■ JI'D. SHARPS E. F. tSRS
SHARPE A KERB,
A TTORSE YS-A T-LA W.
Will practice in the Courts of Bedford and ad
joining counties. AH business entrusted to their
care will receive careful and prompt attentioa.
Pensions, Bounty, Back Pay, Ae- speedily col
lected from the GOVERNMENT.
Office on Juliana street, opposite the banking
house of Reed A Schell, Bedford. Pa. mar2:tf
PHYSICIANS.
M. W. JAMISON, M. D.,
BLOOPT BIS, PA.,
Respectfully tenders his professional services to
the people of that place and vicinity. [decß:lyr
B. F. HARRY",
Respectfully tenders his professional ser
vices to the citixcns of Bedford and vicinity.
Office and residence on PiU Street, in the building
formerly occupied by Dr. J. U. Hofius. [Ap'L 1,64.
DR. S. G. STATI.ER, near Scbellsburg, and
Dr. J. J. CLARKE, formerly of Cumberland
county, having associated themse'ves in the prac
tice of Medicine, respectfully offer their profes
si- na! services to the citixens of Scbellsburg and
vicinity. Dr. Clarke's office and residence same
as formerly occupied by J. White, Esq.,dec'd.
S. G. STATLER,
Schellsbutg, Aprit!2:ly. J. J. CLARKE.
MISCKLL A N EO UST -
OK. SHANNON, BANKER,
• BEDFORD, PA.
BANK OF DISCOUNT AND DEPOSIT.
Collections made for the East, West, North and
South, and the general business of Exchange
transacted. Notes and Accounts Collected and
Remittances promptlymade. REAL ESTATE
bought and sold. feb22
Daniel border,
PITT STREET, TWO DOORS WRST ER TRR BED
FORD HOTEL, BESFOED, PA.
WATCHMAKER AND DEALER IN JEWEL
RY. SPECTACLES. AC.
HE keeps on hand a stock of fine Gold and Sil
ver Watches, Spectacles of Brilliant Double Refin
ed Glasses, also Scotch Pebble Glasses. Gold
Watch Chains. Breast Pins. Finger Rings, best
quality of Gold Pens. He will supply to order
any thing in bis line not on hand. [spr.2B,'6s.
s; P. HARBAUGH A SON,
Travelling Dealers in
NOTIONS.
In the county once every two months.
SELL GOODS AT CITY PRICES.
Agents for the Cbambersbarg Woolen Manufac
turing Company. Apl L:ly
[) w. GROUSE,
DEALER T*
CIGARS, TOBACCO, PIPES, AC.,
,2° , PI ? ITREET °ne door east of Geo. R. Oater
<t Co. s Store, Bedford, Pa., is now prepared
TO sell by wholesale all kinds of CIGARS. AH
rleri promptly filled. Persons desiring anything
IN aw line will do wall to rive hint a call.
Retford Oct $6. '6i.,
JOHN LUTZ, Proprietor.
Inquirer Ct'olmrm.
rjo ADVERTISERS:
THE BEDFORD INQUIRER.
pußLisjnjp
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BY
JOHN LUTZ,
OFFICE ON JULIANA STREET,
BEDFORD, PA.
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Uocinf.
From the West Branch Bulletin. :
"The Democratic party has always been friend
ly to the soldier."— Democratic Paper.
Ll*p it not, ye mengrel traitors,
You have been the soldiers friend,
Ye the aiders and abettors,
AH that treason doth portend.
When the rebels at Fort Sumter
Trampled on ear glorious flag,
Copperheads in glowing bumpers
Toasted the Palmetto rag.
When the news of Bull Run battle
Filled each loyal breast with woe.
Whose was the prophetic prattle?
"The South will win, I told you so."
When the "hcru,"' George McClellan,
Played "cat's paw" to Bobby Lee,
Then you gave your bright new shiilin'
To the war Democracy.
When we placed them kort <tc combat
They in turn were forced to flee:
You wore long faces, what a sin that,
"Say f poor aid Mrs. Smith, says she,"
When your names the wheel had P iidletl
For the draft the records say,
It was found ye had skeedaddled
To see your friends in Canada.
When we made secession tremble
With Grant, Sherman and Sheridan,
Ilow ye wriggled, how dissembled,
The country's confidence to gain.
We were tyrants, butchers, Xeroes,
Killing off our I vour) noble friends;
They were honorable heroes
Starving us in slaughter pens.
When thty killed onr noble Lincoln,
Then your foul-mouthed traitor press
Fell in love with Andy Johnson,
Did they know him — answer yes.
Then you held a great convention,
Made concessions, grunts and whiaes;
The rebel allied coalition,
Shaking hands across the lines.
Lisp it not ye mongrel traitors,
Ye have been the soldier's friend:
Ye the alders and abettors,
All that treason doth portend.
Go rei>ent in cloth and ashes,
Wipe away the bloody stains;
Give us back our fallen comrades,
Then we'll call you friends again.
LETTER FROM PETER COOPER
TO HORATIO SEYMOUR.
NEW YORK, August 13th, IS6.S.
To THE HON. HORATIO SEYMOUR :
My Dear Sir, —In the last letter I had
the honor to address to yon, I had the pleas
ure to thank you for the prompt answer
to a former letter, and for the assurance I
received that "we agreed in the end to be
realized, namely, the restoration of the Un
ion and the preservation of the Constitu
tion." You will recollect that I then stated
that I was so deeply impressed with the ab
solute necessity of maintaining the Union
and the Constitution that I desire to see all
the powers that God and nature had given
to us brought into requisition to save our
country from being dissevered and made the
sport of foreign and domestic Saracens.
1 feared then, as I fear now, the danger
of our being drawn into error by men
who have no faith in a real democratic form
of government. In that letter I stated that
I was then, and I have still continued, to
the ~*thycar of my age, to be 11 firm be
liever in a truly democratic republican form
of government —I mean a government
founded on those eternal principles of truth
and justice which our fathers declared were
self-evident, namely: "That all men are
created equal; that they are endowed by
their Creator with certain inalienable rights;
that among these are life, liberty and the
pursuit of happiness; that to secure these
rights, governments are instituted among :
men, deriving their just powers from the
consent of the governed."
In the very first words of the Constitu
tion, formed by our fathers, it i 9 declared
that "We, the people of the United States,
in order to form a more perfect union, es
tablish justice, insure domestic tranquility,
provide for the common defence, promote
the general welfare, and secure the blessings
of liberty to ourselves aDd our posterity, do
ordain and establish this Constitution for the
United States of America."
Our fathers, in forming for us this Con
stitution, believed that they had embodied
in the forms of law, the highest wisdom,
virtue, and intelligence of a whole people.
They meant to make the wisdom, the vir
tue. and the intelligence of the people the
means to insure all the blessings required to
make us a nation with all the powers neces
sary "to establish justice," and "to pro
mote the general welfare.''
To enable the people to do this in the
most convenient manner, they declared, in '■
the first article of the Constitution, that |
"All legislative power herein granted shall j
be tested in a Congress of the United States,
which shall consist of a Senate and Home
I of Representatives."
They then describe the mode and manner
by which the people's representatives shall
be chosen, who are to make all laws which ;
shall be necessary and proper for carrying
into execution the powers of Congress, and
all other powers vested by the Constitution
in the Government of the United States, or
in any Department thereof.
Among these powers there is nothing
plainer than the intention of the fraroers of
the Constitution to vest in the people's rep- i
resentatives the right to suspend the writ of
habeas corpus whenever in their judgment
"the public safety may require it," to sup
press rebellion or repel invasion.
I have been led to address this letter to
you, as standing at the head of the l)emo
j cratic party —m party with which I contic
j ued to act so long as I believed it was labor
ing to promote the greatest good of our com
mon country; but when I became convinced
tbattho Democratic party, with which I had
been so long connected, was lending its pow
er and influence to sustain men and meas
ures that had so far perverted the Constitu
tion of our country as to deny the rights of
manhood to 4,000,000 of human beings—
and when I saw that I was acting with a
party which was lending its influence to
men and measures that were raising up in
our country the vilest form of an arietocrey
—an aristocracy that claimed it as a right
that "property should own labor," and
claimed the right to mix their blood with
the black race, and then sell their children
to be enslaved with all their posterity, then
I considered it my duty .to my country to aban
don a party that had abandoned the great
principles of truth and justice.
What tongue cap describe the horrois of
a system that allowed a father to sell his
child, who may have had spvep-eights of
BEDFORD, PA., FRIDAY, SEPT. IS- ISGB.
white blood in his veins, to a brutal master,
who had the power to confine him on a
plantation, under a more brutal overseer;
perhaps a Northern man, , with his con
science callous to every human feeling, and
whose principal recommendation might be
that he could whip out of the unprotected
slave the greatest amount of labor!
Thomas Jefferson might well say, in view
of such a state of things, "I tremble for my
country when 1 remember that God is
just."
John Wesley has well declared that such
a system contains within itself the sum of
all villiany. The enormity of human
slavery will appear from the following ad
vertisement, copied from The Georgia Mes
senger: "llun Away—My man, Fountaine;
has holes in his ears, a scar on the right
side of his forehead, had been shot in the
hind parts of his legs, is marked OD his back
with the whip. Apply to Robert Boasley,
Macon."
We might well have said, in view of a
system that allowed such cruelty, as God is
just that the time must come when those
great principles of our Declaration of Inde
pendence that declares "that all men are
created equal, that they are endowed by
their Creator with certain inalienable rights,
that among these are life, liberty, and the
pursuit of happiness," must be vindicated
in our own country. Allow me to repeat
what I said in my last letter, namely : that
I, who servod my country in person and by
substitute from the commencement of the
war with England to its close, feel that I
have a right to plead with my countrymen
of every .-hade of political opinion, and to
beseech them by every consideration that
can move our manhood to consider carefully
the dangers that threaten us as a nation.
It has been to me, for years, a source of
profound regret to find so many ol those,
whom I have esteemed and honored as
friends, taking pr. *. with and forming all
kinds of excuses for men who have done all
that was possible to destroy our Union of
States; and now I regret to find those very
friends calling themselves Democrats; and.
at the same time, uniting with those who
were leaders in the Rebellion, and striving
to aid them to build up what they are pleas
ed to call "a White Man's Government,"
by which they mean to hold 5,000,G00 of
human beings under a ban or disqualifica
tion that will prove as destructive to their
happiness as the slavery from which they
have been delivered. I have been at a loss
to see how a mind so elevated as yours
could for a moment consider it possible for
a democratic government to enact a course
of class legislation that would make one law
for the white man and another for the black
man.
John Stuart Mill has said with great pro
priety that "There Is no true democracy
where large classes of a community are de
nied equality of political rights."
He further declares that "Every Govern
ment which permanently divides the people
into a governing part, ami a governed qui, t
is an aristocratic Government, by whatever
name it maybe called."
I find that the very men who profess so
muehconcern forthc preservation of the Con
stitution, are now most earnestly laboring to
make proselytes for a white man's govern
ment, which can only be had by legislating
for a class, thereby adopting a principle that
is at war with the very letter and spirit of
the Constitution which they profess so
much to revere. Such a course is as incon
sistent as the profession and the practice of
President Johnson. He declared at 'one
time that "treason against the Government
is the highest crime that can be commit
ted," and that those engaged in it "should
suffer all its penalties." "Treason," he
said, "must be made odious, and traitors
must be punished and impoverished."
He went so far as to say, "They must
not only be punished, but their social power
must be destroyed; if not, tbey maintain an
ascendency, and may again become numer
ous enough for treason to become respecta
ble." lie said, "After making treason
odious, every Union man should be remu
nerated out of the pockets of those who
have inflicted the great suffering on our
country."
He then said, "I hold it a solemn obliga
tion, in every one of these States, where the
Rebel armies have been beaten back or ex
pelled, I care not how small the number of
Union men may be, if enough to man the
ship of State, I hold it to be a high duty to
protect and secure to them a republican
form of government unt-.l they gain strength.
They must not be smothered by inches."
In reference to a Convention to restore
the States, he asked: "Who shall restore
them? Shall the men who gave all their
influence and means to destroy the Govern
ment? Are thoy u. participate in the great
work of re organizing the Government, who
brought this misery on the States? If this
be so, then it is said in truth that all the
precious blood of our brave soldiers and offi
cers will have been lost, and all our battle
fields will have been made memorable in
vain."
He then asked, "Why all this earnage?"
and said "it was that treason might be put
down and traitors punished." lie said
"traitors should take a back seat in the work
of restoration." He said "the traitor has
ceased to be a citizen, and in forming rebel
lion has become a public enemy, and has lost
his right to vote with loyal men."
He said that the great plantations of the
traitors "must be seized and divided into
small farms and sold to honest, industrious
men;" also, "The day for protecting the
lands and negroes of these authors of rebel
lion is past."
To cap the climax of inconsistency with
all that he has since done and tried to ac
complish, he said that he had been deeply
pained by some things that had come un
der his observation. He said, "We get
men in command who, under the influence
of flattery, fawning and caressing, grant
protection to rich traitors, while the poor
Union man stands out in the cold." He
went on and said that "traitors can get
lucrative employment while loyal men are
pushed aside."
He said, in relation to reconstructing the
Southern States, that "We must not be in
too much of a hurry. It is better to let
them reconstruct themselves, than to force
them into it." But as soon as he became
President, we find him hurrying Reconstruc
tion on a plan or policy of his own, and re
sisting, with all the power he possessed, the
mild measures prepared by Congress, and
intended to enable the Rebel States to re
construct themselves with the least possible
difficulty or delay-
It is difficult for one to imagine JJOW any
honest, intelligent man can join with Presi
dent Johnson, and charge the majority of
Congress with being a class of radicals and
traitors, hanging on the skirts of a Gov
ernment which they are trying to destroy."
It has been equally difficult for me to
form an apology for such unreasonable
charges as I find in your speeches-—and in
the speeches of others claiming to be Demo
crat:—against an administration that has
had to contend with every form ofdifficulty
and misrepresentation that the ingenuity of
those who were in rebellion against the
Government, and of all who were in sym
pathy with them, could invent.
Tregret to find in several of your speeches
thai you make no allowance for the extra
ordinary and trying circumstances through
which the Government has been compelled
to pass—circumstances that would hive
made it wi-o and proper to have raised
money by forced loans, if no other means
could have been found to save the nation's
Hi*"
?ou have said truly in your late speech
that the Republican party "denounces all
forms of repudiation as a national crime."
You then try to throw on tbat party the
odium of a deliberate design to repudiate
the national debt.
I he repudiation of the national debt is one
of the last asts that the Republican party
will ever tolerate or allow.
I have been pained to find iD your several
speeches a course of reasoning that is tending
to revive the rebellious spit it throughout
our Southern States—a cour-e of reasoning
that has already won for you the enthusiastic
support of those who were most prominent
in the Rebellion, and of all who are in sym
pathy with them throughout our country.
I am sory to sec in your speeches an effort
to prejudice the laboring population with
the statement that the Government Is intro
dueing a system of unjust and unequal taxa
tion.
It is certain that our Government could
never stand in the presence of such laws as
prevailed throughout the Southern States
before the Rebellion; laws that made it a
crime to "unbind the heavy burden, and let
the captivt- go free;" laws that made it a
crime to teach a poor helpless slave to read
and write, fearing that a knowledge of the
Declaration of Independence, that declares
the unalienable right of every man to his
life, his liberty, and the pursuit of happiues,.
would make him unwilling longer to remain
a slave.
To talk of such a system and sueh laws a
bave prevailed at the South being demo
cratic, is to talk of a living body without an
animating spirit.
The Cincinnati Catholic Telegraph, the offi
cial organ of the Catholie Church in the
West, has said, with great propriety, that
"the interest of humanity and the welfare
of white labor, in particular, arc involved in
the question of Slavery more than in any
other, and it is the duty of men to prepare
their minds conscientiously that they may,
as far as possible, maintain what is best for
the rmonic. Every one acknowledges that
Slavery Is an evil. No man who u tree
would ever consent to be a slave. It is ab
horrent to his nature. No one can allege
any right to reduce a human being to that
mi.-erable condition. It is deto-table to mind
and heart. And moreover he who re
duces a free man to .Slavery is excommuni
cated by the Catholic Church. Slavery was
the cause of our national troubles. It was
for Slavery that the war was commenced,
and the blood of the brave men who have
fallen on both .-ides has been shed by this
insatiate monster. The hope of its restora
tion is not abandoned. There arc multi
tudes of men who would love to sec it in the
as-cudant as it was before." Never were
truer words said than that "Slavery was the
cause of our national troubles."
Notwithstanding ail the misery that Sla
very and the war has brought on our coun
tiy, let us assure all who took part in the
Rebellion that we intend to do them all the
good wc can. We intend to secure for them
and for ourselvesthe constitutional guaranty
of a republican form of government, which
is the greatest earthly blessing our nation
can possess.
It has been with more than ordinary sor
row that I find among the errors of your late
speech other grave charges against the Re
publican party.
You say it has adopted "a policy of hate
of waste, and of military despotism, ' in all
of which you are as|mucb in error as when you
state tbat the Republican party has expen
ded $-"><10,000,000 of the taxes drawn from
the people of this country "to uphold a des
potic military* authority, and to crush out
the life of the States."
The facts, as shown by Mr. Blaice in
Congress, arc that only a very small part of
the amount you name was expended in
maintaining the authority of the Govern
ment over the Rebel States. Let us unite to
frown down that spirit of rebellion that
found encouragement in the Democratic
Convention that met in Chicago, when it
virtually recognized the principle of fseccs
sion and Disunion as an established fact, by
proposing "a cessation of hostilities' and a
call for a convention of all the States to
meet in their sovereign capacity and de
liberate with rnen who were then in active
rebellion, putting forth all their efforts to
overthrow the Government by fort*.
You charge the Republican party with
"proposing to deprive the people of the
South of their right to vote for Presidential
Electors." You then say that "the first
bold Steps arc taken to destroy the rights of
suffrage."
This reasoning is unaecouutable in view
of the fact that the Republican party has
been constantly making efforts to extend
the elective franchise on a principle of
equal rights to every man without regard
to country, caste or color.
Nothing could be more unfair than your
charge that the Republican party intends
that "there shall be no peace or order at
the South save that which is made by arbi
trary power." I will close this long letter
by saying that I believe it would be the
proudest day of your life if I could persuade
you to unite with all who are laboring to se
cure a purely Democratic Republican ad
ministration of our State and General Gov
ernment. For one, I desire to do what I can
to secure peace and prosperity to a country
which in the course of nature I must soon
leave, but with an ardent desire that it may
forever remain a glorious Union of States,
where goodness and greatness shall be the
motto and inspiration of the people.
I remain, very respectfully,
PETER COOPER.
COPPERHEAD OPINIONS OL GEN.
GRANT BEFORE HIS NOMI
NATION.
•Some months ago the copperheads were
rather hopeful that Gen. Grant might be
prevailed upon to become their candidate
for the Presidency instead of the Repub
. lican. Their opinions of the man at that
time may fairly be taken as honest ones,
therefore we propose to lay some of them
before our readers and from time to time
compare them with such opinions as they
have already expressed since his nomination
and may hereafter express. The Pittsburg
Post one ol the most reliable Democratic
papers in the State, within a few months
past has spoken as follows :
Suppose that, contrary to the wish of
some of the leading Radical Black Ilepub
licans, who want the office themselves, \}eu.
Grant should be nominated for the Prcsi
i dency by the Republican party, which course
ought the Democratic party to pursue?
| Ought ice to nominate a mart in opposition
I to General Grant t Ought we to charge
him with being an ennny to his country, or
in favor of intrust measures, merely Beeaute
he may have received said nomination f
|* * * *
We are inclined to believe that more de
pends upon General Grant now than upon
any other individual in the United States.
We believe him to be far superior to the ma
jority of the far sighted politicians vcho
have been ruling the nation without bring
ing peace or economy to our legislation.
He is known to fall the people as a straight
forward man. and, so far as can be judged.
" man well disposed to dad fairly with the
people of all sections of the Union.
* * * *
What Utter thing can we do in case of
General Grant s nomination ly the Repub
liean party than to VOTE FOR HIM FOR
IIIE PRESIDENCY ? Our aim should
be to strengthen his hands; to render him as
much as possible independent of partv, and
to ELECT HIM AS THE PRESIDENT
OF THE PEOPLE. If unanimously, so
much the better.
WE SOLMSLY RELIEVE THAT ITTHF. PEO
PLE GENERALLY OF THE UNITED STATES
CAN COME TOGETHER WITH REAL UNANIMI
TY ON GENERAL GRANT, IN REGARD TO
THE PI:ESIDENCV. IT WILL BE THE HAPPI
EST THING FOR OUR COUNTRY THAT COULD
POSSIBLY OCCUR. The future good effects
of this almost incalculable. We
earnestly ask our Democratic friends every
where to consider this subiect carefully.
The New York World, the leading and
most re.-pectable copperhead paper in the
country, spoke as follows of Gen. Grant in
W>s.
LIEUTENANT-GEN'F.RAL GRANT.
From The World, April 11, ! 865.
Gen. Grant's history should teach us to
di-criminate better than we Americans are
apt to do between glitter and solid work.
Our proneness to run after demagogues and
-pouters may find a wholesome corrective
in the study of such a character as his. The
qualities by which great things are accom
plished are here seen to have no necessary
connection with showy ar.d superficial ac
complishments. When the mass of men
look upon such a character, they may learn
a truer respect for themselves and each
<-'ther; they are taught by it that high qual
ities and great abilities are consistent with
the ,-ira [ licity of taste, contempt for parade,
and plainness of manners with which direct
oarnpjf rrtfn t* frnn>raniajl gum.
patby. I lyases Grant, the tanner, UJysses
Grant, the unsuccessful spplicant for the
postofdity Surveyor of St. Louis, Ulysses
Grant, the driver into that city of his two
horse team with a load of wood to sell, had
within him every manly quality which will
c:m-c the name of Lieutenant-General
Grant to live forever in history. 11l- career
i- a lesson in practical democracy: it is a
quiet satire on the dandyism; the puppyism,
and the shallow affectation of our fashiona
ble exquisites as well a< upon the swagger
of our plausible, glib-tongued demagogues.
Not by any means that great qualities are
inconsistent with cultivated manners and a
fluent elocution; but that such superficial
accomplishments arc no measure of worth
or ability.
Gen. Grant's last brilliant campaign Eets j
the final seal upon his reputation. It j
stamps him as the superior of his able an- i
tagonist as well as of all the commanders
who have served with or under him in the i
great campaigns of the last year. Tt is not
necessary to sacrifice any part of their well
earned reputations to his. Sherman and
Sheridan deserve all that has ever been
said in their praise; but there had never
been a time, since Grant was made Lieu
tenant-General. when anybody but Sher
man, on our side, could have been classed
with him. Since Sherman's bold march
through (leorgia, and his capture of Savan
nah and Charleston, there have been many
who in their strong admiration of his great
achievements, inclined to rank him as the
greater general of the two. That judgment,
we take it is now reversed by the court of
final appeal; not by dwarfing the reputa
tion of Sherman, which suffers no just
abatement, but by the expansion into grand
er proportions of that of Grant.
Grant stands preeminent among all the
generals who have led our armies in the late
war, in that he has exhibited the utmost
strength of will of which the highest type
of manhood is capable. The defenses of
Vicksburg and the defenses of Richmond
were both deemed impregnable, and were
defended with a prcportionable confidence
and obstinacy; but they both yielded, at
last, to Grant's matchless persistence and
unequaled strategy. And, in both cases,
he not only took the long contested posi
tion, but compelled the surrender of the
whole force defending them. Nothing
could be more clean and complete, eveu in
imagination, than Gen. Grant s masterly
execution He did not merely, in each
case, acquire a position which was the key
of a wide theater of operations; he did not
merelv beat or disable the opposing force;
he left no fragment of it in existence except
as prisoners of war subject to his disposal.
I t any body is so obtuse or so wrong
headed as to .-ee nothing great in Gen.
Grant, beyond his marvelous teuancity of
will, let that doubter explain, if he can, how
it has happened that, since Grant rose to
high command, this quality has always
been exerted in conspicious energy precisely
at the point on which everything in his
whole sphere of operations hinged. There
has been no display of great qualities on
small occasions; no expenditure of herculean
effort to accomplish objects not of the first
magnitude. It is only a very clear-sighted
and a very comprehensive mind that could
always thus have laid the whole emphasis
of an indomitable soul so precisely on the
emphatic place. How, if he be not a
general of the first order of intellect, as well
as of the most heroic determination, does
it happen that in assigning great and bril
liant parts to his subordinate commanders,
he has never, when the results of his strategy
were fully unfolded, appeared in the picture
except as the central figure? However it
may seem during the progress of one of his
great combined campaigns, it always turns
out at last, when it reaches that complete
ness and finish in which he contrives to
have his campaigns end, that we see htm
standing in the foreground, and that the
grouping Is always such that the glory of the
other generals, instead of eclipsing his own,
gives it additional luster. It is this surenesa
ofjudgement which sees precisely where lies
the turning point; which sees precisely what
are the objects that justify _ the utmost
stretch of persistence; it is this ability to
take in the whole field of yiew in just per
spective and due subordination of parts,
that is the mark of a superior aiind. Gen.
Grant has taken out of the hands of all
critiesthequestion whether it belongs to him.
lie hss won his greatest triumph over the
VOL. 41: NO. 35
most skillful and accomplished General on
the other side; over a General who foiled him
long enough to prove his great mastery of
the art of war: and the completeness of
whose defeat is a testimony to Grant's
genius such as victory over any other Gen
eral of that Confederacy, or even an earlier
victory over Lee himself, could not have
given. Apply to Gen. Grant what test
you will; measure him by the magnitude of
the obstacles he has surmounted, by the
value of the positions he has gained, by the
fame of the antagonist over whom he has
triumphed, by the achievements of his
most illustrious co-workers, by the surcness :
with which he directs his indomitable energy
to the vital point which is the key of a vxst
field of operations, or by that supreme test
of consummate ability, the absolute com
pleteness of his results, and he vindicates his
claim to stand next after Napoleon and
Wellington, among the great soldiers of this
century, if not on a level with the latter.
On the 21st of-May 186A, the very day
Gen. Grant was nominated the same paper
begins to disparage his merits in the face
of its past opinions as expressed in the
above article and attacks him in the follow-
S ing style.
From Th> World, AZay 21,18<>8.
* * * It was possible for Grant, after
his failure "to fight it out. on one line" in
his advance of I*o4 upon Richmond, to lav
ish the lives of thousands of American sol
diers and to expend hundreds of thou.- mds
of dollars of the nation's treasure upon a
new campaign, and so finally wear and wor
ry down the strength of the rebellion which
had already been mortally wounded by
Meade at Gettysburg.
Such is copperhead patriotism! Such,
copperhead consistency! But the successful
General, the gallant soldier, the true patri
ot cannot be hurt by such mendacity. The
honest expression of their sentiments be
fore being tainted with partisan hatrad.
bitterness and falsehood, will be taken by
the people as the true measure of merit,
while the partisan abuse that follows will be
justly ignored as the ravings of disappoint
ed. unscrupulous and despairing party lead
ers trying, but in vain, to tarnish the bright
ness of the fame of the man whom they
were unable to control and use because of
his sterling integrity and devoted patriotism.
"A WIIITE MAN'S GOVERNMENT."
For an example of the mode in which the
Southern Democracy ocaaisona'.ly vary their
occupation in shooting "Radical niggers,"
by trying to coax them to become "colored
Democratis," we submit the annexed cate
chism. which has been prepared for the use
oftbe Virginia freedm en by the Richmond
Whig, one of the leading Democratic rel-el
journals of the South. It covers the whole
ground, with more than usual fidelity to the
truth, and makes very fair reading for the
Democrats hereabouts, who belieave in "a
white man' 3 government." The Whig
asks:
Who gave the negreos the right of suf
frage in New York? The Democratic party.
Who presided over the Convention which
gave this privilege to negroes Martin Van
Buren, a Democrat.
Who afterwards elected Martin Van
Buren President of the United States? The
| Democratic party.
| Who married a negro and by her had
' muiauo cniiurcu: nw—a m. 0~1 . -
good Democrat,
Who elected Richard M. Johnson Vice
President of the United States? The Demo
cratic party.
If President Van Baien had died, and
Richard M. Johnson had become President
who would have become the Democratic
mistress of the White House? This negro
woman.
Who made the negroes citizens of the
State of Maine? The Democratic party.
Who enacted a similar law in Massa
chusetts? The Democratic party.
Who gave the negro a right to vote in
New Hampshere? The Democratic party.
Who permitted every colored person own
ing $250 in New York to become a voter?
A General Assembly purely Democratic.
Who repealed the laws of Ohio which
required negroes to give bonds and security
before settling in that State? The Democrat
ic party.
Who made mulattocs legal voters in Ohio?
A Democratic Supreme Court, of which
Ruben Wood was Chief Justice.
What became of Reuben Wood? The
Democratic party elected him Governor
three times.
Who helped to give free negroes the right
to vote in Tennessee under the Constitution
0f1797? Gen. Jackson.
Was General Jackson a good Democrat ?
He Generally passed as such.
VALUE OF THE SAIJUATII".
1. The simple rest from labor by which
wearied bodily powers may be restored
makes this institution beyond estimate val
uable. Week-day efforts run the machine
JOWD; the Sabbath winds it up.
1!. The reaction upon the body of the res
ted, the refreshed and enlivened mental
powers which Sabbath rest secures, is of
great value to the physical system.
3. The cleanliness which a well kept Sab
bath always brings, in connection with the
changing of apparel etc., is evidently favor
able to health and vigor.
4. The honored Sabbath powerfully re
pulses every species of vicious indulgence,
and favors all those virtuous habits which
so strongly befriend man's physical wel
fare.
The most satisfactory experiments
have shown that a vastly greater amount of
physical labor can be accomplished with the
rest and refreshment of the Sabbath than
without it.
6. The same has been verified in refer
ence to laboring animals, such as horses,
etc. Hence the laws of the Sabbath ex
pressly mentioning them —''Thou nor thy
cattle.''
7. Every species of human industry is
befriended by the Sabbath's regularity—re
turning rest, restoring wasted powers, in
vigorating wearied faculties, and putting
the human engine in proper order for the
demands made upon it by the succeeding
labors of the week.
Hence both the wisdom and benevolence
of God beam forth in the institution of the
Sabbath.
j A TREATV.— By a treaty ratified in I >2B, j
1 between Prussia and the United States, each j
nation agreed, on demand, to arrest and i
deliver up the deserters from the ships of
the other. Recently, however, the question
has arisen whether deserters from vessels
belonging to the ports lately acquired by
Prussia come within the provisions of the
j treaty. The Prussian Cabinet has decided
that they do, and hereafter deserters from
any ship of the class named will be liable
f to arrest and return to their vessels in the
' United States port?.
RATES OF ADVERTISING.
All ndvertiscmeotn for lo?a than 3 month* 10
ccnU per line for each iDeertion. Special notices
one-half additional. All resolutions Cif Aatocim
tions, communications of a limited or indiridal
interest and notices of marriages and deaths, ex
ceeding fire lines, 10 cts. per line. All legal noti
ces of ererj kind, and all Orphans' Court and
other Judicial sales, are required by law to be pub
lished in loth papers. Editorial Notices 15 cent*
per line. All Advertising due after first insertion
A liberal discount made to jearly advertisers.
3 moots. 6 months, I je >r
One square —.... $ 4.50 $ 6.00 slo.'
Twe squares - 6-00 9.00 16.00
Three squares B.OH 12.00 20.00
One fourth column 14.00 20.00 35."0
llalf column 18.00 25.00 45.00
One column - 30.00 45.00 80. ; fC
PAY YOLK DEBTS.
Not oiily is there no essential difference
between a public arid private debt, a lor;.!
and a domestic or. ditCr or debtor, bat •
universal applicable truth, that thirig
whicb are apparent trifles when attended to,
become fearfully important when not atten
ded to, holds good regarding debts also. J t
i.-, no great thing, indeed, if a lad knows tl
multiplication table, or if a man keeps his
hands and nails clean, or if he abstains from
lying; but it is a very serious thing if a man
has grimed nails; it is a tremendous thing
if he does not know his multiplication-table,
or if he is u iyi'.g creature. It does not dis
tinguish a man if he keeps his word, but it
marks him prominently if he does not.
Paying our debts is the regular thing; not
paying, the exception. Being honest is no
great thing; but being dishonest is a fearful
shame. When a nation contracts a debt, it
is no historic glory if it fulfils its engagc
; meats anctray *nd loyally. Tho leader
expected thus much Would he hare given
you, otherwise, his money? But when a
nation does not pay her debts up to her ca
pacity of paying, and does that for which a
merchant is ignominiously thrust from the
exchange and cast out, it is a most tremen
dous thing, and will stand forever as a dis
grace on the record of history and the con
sciences of the citizens. People talk so
much of our prosperous country and future
wealth. Let them never forget the far
more important moral prosperity, and the
desirable wealth of unspotted Lonor of the
country. No greater trea-ure can be hand
ed down to future generations than an un
spotted reputation, be it of an individual
family or a va-t nation.
Be honest—pay your debts—steal not.
It is not much if you observe this; but it is
overwhelmingly much if yon become dishon
est. or dishonestly do not pay your debts, or
become a'thief.— from Dr. Lltbers Course
on Political Economy.
ANNEXATION FEEUN*<I IN NOVA SCOTIA.
—A correspondent of the New York Post.
who claims to be well informed, writes from
Nova Scotia that there is a strong and nearly
universal feeling in that provinceis in favor of
annexation to the United States. The peo
ple are intensely opposed to confederation,
and the course of the British Government
in attempting to force them into it has
alienated them from the mother country.
The writer remarks: "Nova Scotians have
appealed in vain to the Canadian sense of
hoDor and justice: in vain they have invoki d
the home Government; and now the a
ternative is openly debated, and thequ-.- ti
eagerly a-ked of every visiting citizen of •
United States: 'Will your Governn nt
standby us if we appeal to it for aid, even
at the risk of inevitable war with England
The Stars and Stripes are greeted with
cheers, and American citizens, who were
once treated with coldness and disdain, are
now everywhere received with cordial
greetings. This feeling is scarcely • >
manifest in New Brunswick. For.instao •
on tlie 6th instant there was a pic-mc on
Partridge Island, in the harbor of St. John.
It is Government land, and contains a light
house station, a marine hospital, a 1 a
battery garrisoned by British soldiers. T ro
or three thousand people were present.
From either corner of the hospital building
a large American flag was floating, and under
the streaming bunting, beneath the hag
piazza, her Majesty's baud of the IT'h
Regiment was playing occasional American
airs; but no British flag was to be •on
anywhere. The impropriety of the thing
was pointed out by Americans present, ami
a British ensign was hoisted between its
rivals, but its unfolding scarcely elicit <1 a
cheer.
MODERN DISCOVERIES.— Bayard Taylor,
the celebrated traveler, thus sums up tho
results of modern discoveries; Within the
last twenty-five years, all the principal! it
ures of the geography of our own vast int-r
--ior regions have been accurately detcri: ti
ed; the great fields of Centrala Asia have
been traversed in various directions, from
i Bokhara and Oxus to the Chinese walk the
haif-known river systems of South America
have been explored and surveyed; the icy
continent around the South Pole has be u
discovered; the Northwest Passage—the
ignis fatuus of nearly two centuries—is at
last found: the Dead Sea is stripped of its
fabulous terrors; the source of the Niger is ■
longer a tnytb, the sublime secret of the Nile
is almost wrested for his keeping; the
Mountains of the Moon, sought for fltMi
years, have been beheld by a Causcas
ian eye; an English steamer ha 3 ascended
the Chadda to the frontiers of Barnon;
Leiebardt and Stuart have penetrated the
wilderness ot Australia; the Russians have
descended from Irkoutsk to the mouth of
the Amoor; the antiquated walls of Chin
ese prejudice have been cracked, and are at
last tumbling down and the canvas screens
that surround Japan have been cut by the
sharp edge of American enterprise. Such
are the principal results of modem explor
ation. What quarter of a century, since the
form of the earth and the boundaries of its
Mand and water were known, can exhibit
tuch a list of achievements'
THE CAPTURE OE HUHAITA.— The laic.-t
news from South America is to the effect
that the 1 'araguavanshave been starred out
of their stronghold, and that the allied ar
mies have taken triumphant possession of
ilumatia, with all its guns and ammunition.
The report has an air of probability wanting
in previous minors of Brazilian victories. It
is a wonder how the Paraguayans managed
to hold ont as long as they did. Whenever
the enemy cave them a chance to fight,
they showed themselves more than a match
for the legions brought against them. But
while the allies had an unlimited supply of
provisions, they had the greatest diffi
culty in keeping their garrison from starva
tion. It may be Lopez has fallen back
to some other point of defense, and
he may yet astonish the allies by some
desperate fighting. It does not follow that
the war 13 over because Ilumaita has fal
! len, and a correct version of tho affair
| may show it to have been less disastrous
for the Paraguayans than would appear
from the reports already published,
PEXNSTT.VANIA. perhaps it is not gener
ally known eyen within her own borders,
has a greater length of railroad than any
other State in the Union. In round num
bers. she possesses four thousand nufea to
New York's three thousand, or one nu.e of
rail no syery square mile of her territory.