SUBSCRIPTION, TBRMS, AC"
The IIIICIUI i publishede,ery FiuDATmorn
ing at the following rates:
O'L VICAR, (in advance,) 11.00
" (il not paid within six mus.).,. $2.50
" (if not paid within the year,)... $3.00
AH papers outside of the county discontinued
without notice, at the exp'ration of the time for
which the subscription has been paid.
tiingiacopicsof the paper furnished, in wrappers,
at five cents each.
1 ouimunications on subjects of local or general
interest are respectfully solicited. To ensure at
tention, favors of this kind must invariably be
ac companied by the name of the author, not for
publication, but as a guaranty against imposition.
All letters pertaining to business of the office
should be addressed to
DC RBORROW A I/UTZ, BEDVORD, PA.
NEWSPAPER LAWS. —We would call the special
attention of Post Masters and subscribers to the
I :qt IREU to the following synopsis of the News
paper laws:
1. A Postmaster is required to give notice %
Utter, (returning a paper does not answer the law)
when a subscriber does not take his paper out of
the offi . und state the reasons tor its not being
taken : and a neglect to do so makes the Postmas
ter r'nonribte to the gubiishers for the payment.
2 Any person who takes a paper from the Post
office, whether directed to his name or another, or
whether he has subscribed or not is responsible
for the | IJ.
3. If a person orders his paper discontinued, he
must pay all arrearages, or the pnhlisher may
continue to send it until payment is made, and
collect the whole amount, whether it be taken from
thr ojfiee or not. There ran be no legal discontin
uance until the paymen' is made.
4. If t: o subscriber orders his paper to be
stopped at a certain time, and the publisher con
tinue? to send, the subscriber is bound to pay for
it, if he taker it out of the. Poet Office. The law
proceeds upon the ground that a man must pay
for what be uses.
5. The court? have decided that refusing to take
new.paper? and periodicals from the Post office,
or removing and having them uncalled for, is
jot'ma faria evidence of intentional fraud.
f roffssional & guslara* glflft.
ATTOR_N EYB AT LA W.
TOHN T. KEAGY,
.1 ATTORNEY-AT-LAW.
V 5,.. Office opposite Reed A Scheil's Bank.
Counsel given in English and German. [ap!2fl]
RIMMEIA. AND LINGKNFKLTER,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW, BEitroao, PA.
Have formed a partnership in the practice of
the Law Office on Juliana Street, two doors South
f the Jlengel House. tAP r " I? 1864-tf
MA. POINTS.
ATTORNEY AT LAW, BEDVORD, PA.
Respectfully tenders his professional services
to the public. Office with J. W. Lingenfelter,
K=q., on Juliana street.
promptly male. [Dec.9,'B4-tf.
HAYES IRVINE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Will faithfully and promptly attend to all busi
ness intrusted to his care. Office withG. 11. Spang,
Esq.,on Juliana street, three doors south of the
Mengcl House. • May 24:1y
tISPY M. ALSIP,
j ATTORNEY AT LAW, BEnroitn, PA.,
Will faithfully and promptly attend to all busi
ness entrusted to bis care in Bedford and adjoin
ing counties. Military claims, Pensions, back
rav. Bounty, Ac. speedily collected. Office with !
Mann A Spang, on Juliana street, 2 doors south
of the Mengel House. apl 1, 1864.—tf.
* r. METERS J. w. PICK ERSOH
\ I F.YERS A DICKERSON,
i\± ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
BEnrottn. PESE'A.,
Office nearly opposite the Mengel House, will
practice in the several Courts of Bedford county.
Pensions, bounties and back pay obtained and tlie
purchase of Real Estate attended to. [mayll/66-ly
T B. CESSNA.
•J . ATTORNEY AT LAW,
office with JOHN CKSSSA, on the square near
the Presbyterian Church. All business
entrusted to his care will receive faithful and
prompt attention. Military Claims, Pensions, Ac.,
speedily collected. [June 9,1865.
J, 1 B. STUCKEY,
ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW,
and REAL ESTATE AGENT,
'ffice on Main Street, between Fourth and Fifth,
Opposite the Court House.
KANSAS CITY. MISSOURI.
Will practice in the adjoining Counties of Mie
s .nri and Kansas. July 12:tf
a. L. HFGSELL J■ B. LOSGESKT KER
RU US3 ELL A LONGENECKER,
.VTTOB.VETS A COUNSELLORS AT LAW,
Bedford, Pa.,
Will attend promptly and faithfully to all basi
ns - entrusted to their care. Special attention
a to collections and the prosecution of claims
T- r Back Pay, Bounty, Pensions, Ac.
PSrOffice on -Inliana street, south of the Court
House. Aprils:lyr.
M'N. SHARPS S- P- KERR
CtHAKPE A KERR,
0 A T TO RUE YS-A T-I.A If".
Will practice in the Courts of Bedford and ad
joining counties. All buriness entrusted to their
are will receive careful and prompt attention.
Pensions, Bounty, Back Pay, Ac., speedily col
lected from the Government.
Office on Juliana street, opposite the banking
bouse of Reed A Scbell, Bedford, Pa. inar2:tf
J. R. PC RBORROW JOHS LUTX.
DU RBORROW A IcUTZ,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
BKBTORD, PA.,
Will attend promptly to all business intrusted to
their care. Collections made on the shortest no
tice.
They are, also, regularly licensed Claim Agents ;
an l will give special attention to the prosecution j
of claims against the Government for Pensions,
Ba<-k Pay, Bounty, Bounty Lands, Ac.
Office on Juliana street, one door South of the
Inquirer office, and nearly opposite the ' Mengel
House" April 28, 1865:t
PHYSICIANS.
\I r M. W. JAMISON, M. D.,
\\ BLOODT KIR, PA.,
Respectfully tenders his professional services to
'he people of that place and vicinity. [decStlyr
OR. B. F. HARRY,
Respectfully tenders his professional ser
vices to the citizens of Bedford and vicinity.
Office and residence on Pitt Street, in the building ;
formerly occupied by Dr. J. 11. Hofius. [Ap'll,64. i
I I- MARBOURG, M. D.,
•J • Having permanently located respectfully i
tenders his pofcesional services to the citixene j
' f Bedford and vicinity. Office on Juliana street,
; posite the Bank, one door north of llall A Pal
mer's office. April 1, 1864—tf.
DR. S. G. STATLER, near Schellsburg. and
Dr. J. J. CLARKE, formerly of Cumberland
unty, having associated themselves in the prac
tice of Medicine, respectfully offer their profes
?i ual cervices to the citizens of Schellsburg and
>uity. Dr. Clarke's office and residence same
as formerly occupied by J. White, Esq., dee'd-
S. G. STATL.EE,
Schellsburg, Aprill2:ly. J. J. CLARKE.
MISCELLANEOUS.
1 ) UPP A SHANNON, BANKERS,
II BlProit, PA.
BANK OF DISCOUNT AND DEPOSIT.
lection? made for the East, West, North and
h, and the general business of Kxehaugp
-acted. Notes and Account? Collected and
lbtaitun.-e promptly made. REAL ESTATE
'|ht and sold. feb22
I I-ANIEL BORDER.
I'LTT STREET, TWO L>OORB WEST OR THE BEP
roan HOTEL, BERRORP, PA.
MATCHMAKER AND DEALER IN JEWEL
RY. SPECTACLES. AC.
i ■on hand a st(*ck of fine Gold and Sil-
II P A'l* > P* c, - ac ks of Brilliant Double Hefin
'L n— Pebble Glttfos. (JtU
n nam.-. Breast Pins, Finder Kings, best
i% wy of Gold Pen*. He will supply to order
1 f iung in hislinenet on hand.
I) W. CROCSE"
„ WiU LES-AUE TOBACCONIST,
; treet two door 3 west of B. F. Harry's
A re, Beilord, Pa., l* now }>rep&red
t , >y wholesale ail kinds of CIGAKS, All
i r -mptly Persons desiring anything
"• j *' uie wijl d , we jj gjve hiin a call.
■ Oct tO. 's .
A ' : KISD6 OF BLANKS for sale at the In
* T'' r ' effice. A full supply of Deeds, Ijea
* rticit* of Agreement Ac,
ftjcirtorfc
DFKBORROW k LI'TZ Editors and Proprietors.
itVbforb Inquirer.
MESSAGE OF JOHN W. GEARY,
Governor of Pennsylvania,
TO THE LEGISLATURE, JANUARY 8, 1868.
To the Senate and lionet of Representatives
of Pemmjleanta :
GENTLEMEN : —Before performing the
customary aud constitutional duty of trans- *
mining to you information of the affairs of '
the Commonwealth, and recommending such
measures to your consideration as are deem
ed necessary and expedient, it affords me ;
great gratification to tender to you my most'
friendly greetings on your assembling at the
j iSut of Government, and to welcome you
to the council chambers of the State.
Our grateful acknowledgments are due to
the Beneficent Author of all good for the
continued prosperity and well-being which
every where prevails, for the abundance
which has crowned the labors of the hus
bandman, for the general health with which
we have been so signally favored, and for
all the enjoyments of peace, contentment
and happiness within our borders.
Our country has just emerged <ton the
trials and dangers of an unrighteous rebel
lion and entered upon a period of important
political struggle arising therefrom. Being
convened as the representatives of a confi
ding constituency grave duties and respon
sibilities devolve upon you to so legislate
upon the great and manifold interests com
mitted to your charge as best to subserve
the welfare of the people and advance the
honor (>f the State. The fullest confidence
is entertained that your deliberations will
result beneficially and your public duties be
faithfully discharged; and on my part, per
mit me you assurances of zealous co
operation in all your labors calculated to
promote the general welfare.
One of the most important duties devolv
ing upon the Legislature is the considera
tion of the public finances. Such action
should be.taken for the provision of funds to
defray the current expenses of the Govern
ment, the preservation of the credit of the
Commonwealth, and the speedy extinguish
ment of the public debt, as circumstances
shall be found to require. These objects
are of the highest importance and claim the
first attention of the Representatives of the
people.
FTSAHCES.
The report of the State Treasurer
shows that the balance in the
Treasury Nov. "0, 1866, wa5...... $1,711,03.2 27
Ordinary receipts during the fiscal
year ending Nov. 30, 1R67 5,423,330 07
Loan for the redenintiou of the
over-due bonda 23,000,001) (10
Depreciated funds in the Treasury,
unavailable 41,32 00
Total in Treasury for fiscal year
ending Nov. 30, 1867 30,205,395 34
I'aymcntf, vix:
Ordinary expenses
during the fiscal
year ending Nov.
30, 1867 $4,583,696 99
Loans, Ac. redeem'd 20,918,829 89
Depreciated funds,
unavailable 41,032 00
—— 25,543,558 88
Balance in Treasury, Nov. 30,1867, 4,661,836 46
Of which the Treasurer reports as
applicable to the payment of
over-due loanß, the sum of 2,937,978 55
Balance 1,723,857 91
Amount of the State debt on Nov.
30, 1566 $35,622,052 16
Funded deht, viz:
6 per cent, loans... $55,311,180 00
5 per cent, loans... 12,104,025 20
4j percent, loans.. 175,000 00
UnfunJcd debt, viz:
Relief notes in cir
| culation 96,625 00
Interest certificates
outstanding 13,086 52
Interest certificates
unclaimed 4,41$ 38
Domestic creditors'
certificates, 44 67
Total outstanding... 37,904,409 77
From which deduct
am't in Treasury
applicable to the
payment of over
due loans 2,939,978 55
Amoont redeemed during fiscal
year ending Nov. 30, 1867 855,620 94
| That the operations of the sinking fund
may be clearly understood, the following
'"recapitulation" is quoted from the report
of the Commissioners for the year ending
Sept. 3, 186":
Balance in sinking fund, Sept. 3,
1567 $2,752,351 77
Receipts in fund for Tear ending
Sept. 3, 1867 3,355,810 69
6,108,162 46
Disbursements:
Paid Interest $2,575,330 5.3
Loans redeemed 1,794,569 50
Premiums 275 00
Domestic creditors ... 75 00
Balance in fund. 1,737,912 41
By the fith section of the act of May 16,
1861, a special tax of one half mill on the
dollar was especially set apart for the pay
i oient of the interest, and redemption of the
1 loan ereaied by an act of May 18, 1861, en
j titled "An Act to create a loan and provide
• for arming the State."
| Tbe receipts from said lax and lax
| on gross receipts amounts to $439,178 17
| Interest paid in February aud
! August, 1867 169.245 01)
Balance on hand 319,933 17
Public debt, Nor. 30, 1567 $34,766,431 22
Assets in Treasury, viz:
Bonds of tbc Penn
sylvania railroad
company $6,500,000 00
Bonds of the Phila
delphia and Krie
railroad company 3,500,000 00
Interest on bonds ot
the Phif'a. A Erie
railroad company 1,400,000 On
Cash in Treasury... 1,723,857 91
Liabilities in excess of assets 21,642,573 31
The above assets will be available as fol
lows :
By the act of May 16, 1867, the Pennsyl
vania railroad company are to pay on the;
above bonds, SIOO,OOO a year until July 31, j
189<), when one million of thcre.idue shall
fall due, and one million annually thereaf
ter, without interest, until the whole is paid,
which will be in the year 1893.
By the act of March 7, 1861, the $3,600,-
000 of bonds of the Philadelphia and Krie
Railroad were surrendered to that company, 1
upon the deposit of four millions of dollars j
of their bonds as collateral security for the
payment of the original bonds, and a mort
gage of four millions of dollars was also giv
en by the company to secure their payment.
These bonds are to be paid in forty years
from date of issue, aud will mature A. D.
1901.
A LOCAL AND GENERAL NEWSPAPER, DEVOTED TO POLITICS, EDUCATION, LITERATURE AND MORALS.
There a always a discrepancy in an
nouncing the reduction of the State debt,
between the annual proclamation of the
Governor and report of the State Treasurer,
j arising from the fact that the sinking fund
year terminates on the first Monday in Sep-
I tember and the fiscal year of the Treasury
jon the ;tOth of November. To prevent
I complications of accounts and annual expla
i nations I rcoommend that the termination
| of the sinking fund year be made the same
! as that of the Treasury.
The promptitude with which citizens of
1 Pennsylvania come forward last April and
took the whole amount of the twenty-three
i million loan, (the bids being for upwards of
| thirty-three millions, )may be considered a
I most auspicious circumstance in the finan
j rial history of the State, and indicates uu
i bounded confidence in the good faith and
substantial credit of the Commonwealth,
The foregoing statement of the finances is
set forth with pleasure, in consequence of
their flourishing condition.
In addition thereto, the balance in favor
of the General Government for Pennsylva
nia's quota of the direct tax levied in the
several States for war purposes and for cash
from the United States, amounting, in all,
to nearly two millions of dollars, has been
settled in full by the allowance of claims for
extraordinary expenses incurred by the
State during the war.
In consequence of the lapse of time since
the remaining claims were contracted, the
want of sufficient vouchers and explana
tions, and the difficulty of finding the par
ties, some of them being dead by whom
they shoultTbe made, render tbeir settle
ment difficult, and in many instances, doubt
ful, the accomplishment of which will, how
ever, be vigorously pursued and the results
laid before the Legislature.
Passing from this general review of the
finances of the State, I cannot permit souie
of the most prominent ideas connected with
theni to pass unnoticed, because they clearly
indicate the path of duty in the discharge
of the Executive trust. It is deemed proper
to call your attention to the fact that during
the entire year a very large sum of money is
in the keeping of the State Treasurer. This
sum has not at any time for years been less
than a million of dollars and at present
amounts to considerably over four Millions
of dollars. That it is unnecessary that
the greater portion of this money should be
kept in the Treasury to meet the ordi
nary demands upon it is obvious; and that
it should be withdrawn from circulation is
certainly a detriment to the business of the
community. A contraction to the amount
of several millions, as it present, cannot
fail to make its impression upon those en
gaged in mercantile, manufacturing, agri
cultural, mining and all other kinds of em
ployments. This money, I am informed
upon good authority, can be loaned, with
ample security for its re-payment when
needed, for certain specified periods, at a
) reasonable rate of interest, and the proceeds
placed in the Treasury for the benefit of the
State, which would not only be beneficial to
the tax payers, by increasing the public rev
enue, but also enlarge the accommodations
for business purposes. If this plan were
adopted, the withdrawal of the circulating
medium, by the payment of taxes, would
be so brief that it would not materially ef
fect the public welfare. The fund thus ac
quired could be added to the sinking fund,
and would materially aid in the reduction of
the Stat debt.
A glance at the condition of the Treasury
will show that at least four millions of dol
lars might now he loaned, and at four per
cent, would realize the handsome sum of
SI6O,(XX) per annum. Or nearly the whole
amount of tho balance now in tbc Treasury
might be rendered productive by being in
vested in the bonds of the State, bearing six
per cent, interest, even though purchased
at a premium. Or, it. might be invested in
United States interest bearing bonds which
would be available at any momenta neces
sity might arise for the ue of the funds. IF
that amount were exchanged at par for
United States ten-forty bonds, beating five
per cent, interest in gold, the product would
be at the rate of $200,000 per annum, in
gold, or, at the present value of gold, $266,-
000 in currency. Besides, the funds would
not become "depreciated and unavailable"
by long continuance in the Treasury. A
law for this purpose could be passed, speci
fying the method by which the unneeded
money of the Treasury may be loaned, au
thorizing and empowering the State Treas
urer, and such others as you may designate,
to execute, or carry out, its provisions.
Your attention i.i also invited to the fact
that the salary of the State Treasurer, now
ODly seventeen hundred dollars, is entirely
disproportiojed to the duties and responsi
bilities of that officer, and that the amount
of the bond, eighty thousand dollars, given
by him to the State, is equivalent to no secu
rity at all, under the present system of plac
ing, unconditionally, the entire funds of
the State in his hands. The only security
is the incorruptible honesty and integrity
of the Treasurer. Suppose that when
there is in his keeping millions of dollars the
incumbent of that office should be tempted
to become a defaulter! How easily could
he secure to his bondsmen the amount for
which they would legally be liable to the
[ State and appropriate the balance to him-
self! For years, it seems to me, the Treas
ury of the State has Stood, as it were, upon
a volcano. Examples all around us show
the fallibility of man, and how frequently
and easily he is swerved from the path of
rectitude and honor. Even many of those
in the most elevated positions and enjoying
the highest confidence of the public, are of
ten found to yield to the temptations that
surround them. The desire for the rapid
accumulation of wealth; tbe thousands of
schemes presented to excite the cupidity of
human nature, at the looseness of public
morals, engendered by the escape of the
guilty from punishment, have so demoral
ized public sentiment that it may be consid
: ered a wonder—almost a miracle—that
Pennsylvania has so long escaped from the
calamity that might at any time have hap
pened, or that may hereafter happen, by
the robbery of her Treasury, and render
the suspension of the payment of the inter
est upon the State debt, for a time, inev
itable.
In the performance of my duty, I have
forewarned the Legislature of a danger as
respects her finances, of no common magni
tude. It remains for it to determine wheth
er this danger shall be averted by prompt
and efficient legislation and the Treasury
guarded against the occurrence of so great a
calamity.
EDUCATION.
The report of the Huperintendent of the
Common Schools exhibits a full view of our
excellent system of public instruction, which
is widely diffusing its by securing
a sound and substantial education to all the
children of tbe State. A brief summary
will give an idea of the immense propor
tions it has attained and the vast amount of
usefulness of which it is capable.
At the close of the year the number of i
school districts in the State was i,889; the
number of schools, 13,433; graded schools, j
2,147; school directors, 11,534; county, city '
BEDFORD. Pa.. FRIDAY. JANUARY IT- !868.
and borough superintendents, 68; teachers,
16,623; pupils, 789,389; ,he oost of tuition,
$3,528,005.70; building,
contingencies, $790,675 33; tuition, building
and contingencies,
amount expended for all purposes relating
to schools, $5,160,750 17 >
Your attention is particularly invited to
the want of uniformity aid constant change
of books iu the public schools. These axe
matters of serious inconvenience and need
less expense to the poor, and might easily
be remedied by judicious egislation.
The chief aim of our system of common
schools is to place the a<l vintages of an edu
cation within the roach of ail the children of
the Commonwealth, and when it is consid
ered that intelligence and virtue are the
principal safegards of oar free institutions,
this system earnestly claims the fostering
care and wise guidance of the legislature.
The graded schools have largely increased
during the past year. The system estab
lished by tho Stale was designed, not only
to furnish instruction to o|r youth in the
elements of knowledge, butwherever prac
ticable, to impart to tbera m educatioo in
the higher branches of leaning. The mul
tiplication of grammar aid high schools
should, therefore, receive every encourage
ment, for they are necessary to perfect the
svsteui and enable theStateto avail itself of
that talent which is born in the cottages of
the poor quite as frequently as in the pala
ces of the rich.
Good schools cannot exit without good
teachers, and good tcacherscan only be ob
tained by using the proper Beans to prepare
them. Recognizing these beta, the Legis
lature of 1857 passed a reneral Normal
school law, dividing the Sttc into twelve
districts, and looking forward to the estab
lishment, in each of then, of a Normal
sehool. According to the provisions of this
Jaw four of these schools are now organized,
the prosperous condition of which is exem
plified by the fact that two thousand one
hundred and eighty-five students attended
them during the past year, of whom forty
six graduated.
Fourteen colleges and thirty-two acade
mies have made reports to the De
partment during tho pastyear. Such insti
tutions supply a great public want, as the
common school system is not competent to
perform the whole work of popular educa
tion. A State requires men of generous cul
ture in all the walks of life, as well as in the
profession of teaching-, and the perfection of
the system of public school instruction is
one of the wisest and noblest objects of leg
islation. All of the different institutions of
learning would be strengthened and their
usefulness increased by bringing them to
gether in a closer union, which possibly can
be best accomplished by the creation of a
general Department of Education.
Serious complaints have been made con
cerning the neglect of the education of the
children in the alms ond poor houses of some
of the counties of the State. They are per
mitted to grow up in idleness and ignorance,
and when sent upon the world to earn a liv
ing are better prepared to receive lessons of
vice than those of usefulness. The directors
of these institutions should be compelled,
by law, to send such children to the common
schools, or provide proper schools for them,
and it should be made the duty of common
euhool uperintendents to supervise and en
force the execution of the law
SOLDIERS' ORPHANS' SCHOOLS.
The last annual report of the Superinten
dent of the Soldiers' Orphans' Schools was
made up to include the 30th of November,
1866. I'hc appropriation for that year, ex
tending from .January 1, 1866, to January 1,
1867. was insufficient to cover the expenses
of the whole year, and consequently those of
December. 1866, were unpaid. The next
appropriation, under the present law, ex
tends from January 1, 1867, to Juue 1,
1868. It was. therefore, determined that
there was no legal authority to apply any
part of it to the payment of expenses prior
to January, 1867; hence those incurred in
December, amounting to $31,<349 77,
remain unpaid.
Hon. Thomas 11. llurrowes, who was ap
pointed Superintendent by my predecessor,
continued in office until May 1, 1867, when,
under the act of April 9, 1867,1 appointed
Colonel George F. M Farland, Superinten
dent, lvev. C. Cornforth, Inspector and
Examiner, and Mrs. E. W. flutter. Assis
tant, who at once entered upon the dis
charge of their duties by visiting and re-or
fanizing the schools, correcting abuses which
ad crept into the local management of
some of them, and in settling arrearages,
which was done with zeal, fidelity, andf com
mendable promptitude.
The present Superintendent reports the
expenditures for the eleven months ending
November 30, 1867, as follows:
Education and maintenance $311,889 85
Partial relief. 210 00
Clotbing furnished 1,988 children,in
advanced schools 37,187 83
Making and repairing clothicg,
freight, Ac, 8,350 7*
Ucneral expenses, 0,781 00
Total amount from Jan. 1, to Dec. 1,
1867 : 394,420 02
The expense for the six months, from
Dec. 1, 1867, to June 1, 1868, are estimated
by the Superintendent, as follows:
Education and maintenance of 1,850
children, in advanced school., at
$l4O per annum $129,500 00
Education and maintenance for 500
children in primary schools, at
$125 per annum 31,250 00
Education and maintenance of 1,030
children in "Homes," at $lO5 per
annum 55,125 00 i
Clothing 1,850 children, at $25 per
annmn 23,125 00 .
Transferring pupils, salaries, Ac 5,974 00
Estimate for 6 months, ending June
1,1868 - 242,975 00
Total actual and estimated expenses
for seventeen months, from Jsn.
I, 1567, to June 1, 186S $637,305 -02
Or, at tho rate of $449,925 80 pr. an.
From which deduct total amount 1
appropriated for 17 months, at
$250,000 per annum 495,833 33
And a deficit for seventeen months
is shown, of 141,561 69
Or, at the rate of $99,925 80 pr. an.
Add the amount dirt for Dec., 1866, 31,049 77
And it exhibits the total deficit from
Dec. 1, 1866, to June 1, 1868, to be
provided for by special appropria
tion 172,611 46
I do not deem it inappropriate here to
state that if the bill which passed the House
at the last session had become a law, making
an appropriation of $450,000 per annum
for the orphans' schools, it would have been
sufficient to have paid the total expenses.
The estimates for the year ending June
Ist, 1869, will be found fully set forth in
the report of the Superintendent. From
that report It will also be seen that there
are in operation thirty nine orphan schools
and homes, having in charge an average of
two thousand nine hundred and thirty-one
pupils, for the year ending November 30<
IBG7, at an average cost of one hundred and
forty-eight dollars And furty-three cents per
annum.
Those schools Lave doubtless reached
their maximum numbers. Sixteen years
being the age at which the orphans cease to
be chargeable to the State, and they will
henceforward decrease in the following ratio,
viz: 374 will reach that age in 1868, 329
in 1J69, 348 in 1870,403 in 1871,47? in
1872, 400 in 1873, 410 in 1874, and 344 in
1873, afcer which there probably will not be
more than 000 remaining in the schools.
Should the term be reduced to fifteen years,
as has been proposed by some, fully one-fifth
of the number now in the schools would
enter upou trades or business within the
present year.
No calculation can furnish an estimate of
the benefits and blessings that are constantly
flowing from these institutions. Thousands
of orphan children arc enjoying their paren
tal _ care, moral culture, ana educational
traipipg, who otherwise would hare suffered
poverty and warit, and been left to grow up
in idleness and neglect. Many a widow's
heart has boon gladdened hy the protection,
comfort and religious solicitude extended to
her fatherless offspring, and thousands are
the prayers devoutly uttered for those who
have not been xnmindful of them in the time
of their affliction. In making the generous
disposition it has done for tnese destitute
and helpless orphans, the Legislature de
serves and receives the heartiest thanks of
every good citizen, all of whom will cordially
approve a continuance of that beneficence.
In shielding, protecting and educating the
children of our dead soldiers the Legislature
is nobly performing its duty.. Those chil
dren are not the mere objects of our charity,
or pensioners upon our bouncy; but the
wards of the Commonwealth, and have just
claims, earned by the blood of their fathers,
upon its support and guardianship which
can only be withheld at the sacrifice of phi
lanthropy, honor, patriotism, State pride,
and every principal of humanity.
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE.
The act of Congress of July 2,1862, gran
ted land scrip to the several States, to be
appropriated to the maintenance of colleges
whose leading object it shall be to /jive in
struction in the sciences which minister to
agriculture and the mechanic arts. By the
rule of apportionment, adopted by Congress,
700,000 acres tell to the share of this Com
monwealth. The act of Assembly of Feb
ruary 19, 1807, appropriated the benefit of
the whole of that grant to the Agricultural
College of Pennsylvania, which has thereby
become subject to the supervision and guar
dianship of the State. I therefore invite
your attention to the organization and con
dition of that institution, as exhibited by
the president of the board of trustees, in
his report for the year 1867, which will be
laid before you. The commissioners ap
pointed by the Legislature to sell the land
scrip have completed the sales, which
amount to $439,18680. In accordance with
the act of Assembly, the one-tenth of the
proceeds has been applied to the purchase of
sites for '"Model and Experimental Farms,
and the residue invested as follows: $126,000
in United States 5-20 bonds; $20,000 in
Pennsylvania war loan, and $233,000 in the
Pennsylvania bonds of 1867.
The college has been thoroughly re-organi
zed in order to make it fully respond to the
oLjooto and requirements of the act of Con
; gress and to the educational interests of the
! industrial classes, and to meet these ends it
uow gives courses of instruction in general
science, agriculture, mechanical and civil
engineering, metallurgy and mining, ancient
ana modern languages, and military tactics,
employing a faculty comprising six profes
sors and two instructors in the college depart
ment and three instructors in the grammar
school. This important educational enter
prise in the interests of agriculture and the
mechanical arts deserves favorable consid
eration.
MILITARY.
An adequate preparation in time of peace
is a preservative against the probabilities
and contingencies oi' war. This oft repea
ted axiom was not sufficiently realized before
the rebellion, for, when it broke out, it
found the nation wholly unprepared. Had
it been otherwise, the war which continued
through a period of four years, and cost the
country millions of treasure, hundreds of
thousands of lives, aud an incalculable
amount of sufferrin" and want, would have
been of comparatively short duration, if not
crushed in its incipiency. That war, how
ever, has not been without its useful lessons.
It has taught the necessity, of adhering to
principles in practice which we have hereto
foac only acknowledged in theory. It has
trained many thousands of our young men
in the science of arms and infused among
them & spirit of military ardor which may
safely be Relied on in any future emergency,
and paved the way for the establishment of
military organizations that will prove a safe
guard and nouor to the State. The Legis
lature, availing itself of these facts, should
adopt a libera] and effective system for in
creasing and regulating the volunteer militia.
The law of 1564, though excellent in many
respects, does not meet the requirements of
the times, and alterations and amendments
are needed before it can accomplish all the
contemplated and desired objects. The
minimum ol men necessary to form a com
pany is entirely too high, and in many pla
ces where smaller companies would he for
med, it is impossible to raise them in accor
dance with the ratio established by the act.
From the roport of the Adjutant General,
it will be seen that there are now but thirty
eight uniformed companies in the State,
comprising only about three thousand men,
whilst the suggested amendments, whiMi
should bo made as early as possible, would
increase these organizations to any desirable
extent, and tend to renew and keep alive in
our soldiers the proud memories of the Ser
vice and to preserve the military ardor born
of our recent struggles for national existence.
NEW ARSENAL.
The-necessity for a aew arsenal, affording
a place of safe deposit for ordnance, ord
nance stores and a magazine, is ao obvious
as to require nothing more on my part than
to call your attention to the subject, and to
ask that authority be given and an appro
priation made for the purchase of a site and
for the erection of suitable buildings for the
purpose indicated.
REYNOLD'S MONUMENT.
Agreeably to the requirements of the aot
of Assembly, entitled '"An Act to authorize
the Governor to transfer to the Reynold's
Monument Committee unserviceable and
condemned ordnance," approved March 7,
1867,1 caused the ordnance in the arsenal
to be inspected and turned over to the com
mittee for the purpose indicated five coij-,
detnned six pounder brass cannon, weighing
in the aggregate three thousand seven hun
dred a net forty-eight pounds.
HISTORY.
In 1864 the legislature made an appro
priation for the purpose of having prepared
and published a complete history of- the mil
itary operations of the State in reference to
the late war. My predecessor appointed
Samuel I'. Bates. Esq., for the purpose of
consummating the provisions of that act.
VOLUME 41 ; NO. 3.
who proceeded to collect the necessary ma
terials and to prosecute the work.
Although the country has again been re
stored to peace, the (>eople continue to feel
a deep interest in all that relates to the
struggle which so recently convulsed the
nation. In the prosecution of the war Penn
sylvania, always among the first to answer
the country's call, £ave additional evidences
Of her devotion to liberty and to the nation's
glory. Over three hundred and sixty thou
sand of her sons stood in the ranks of the
Union army. Many have fallen, and nearly
thirty thousand by wounds and disease
received in the field repose in death. To
commemorate their heroism, to preserve
their names and perpetuate the record of
their deeds are auiong the objects of the
Work in progress. In its pages will be
found an account of each ana every milita
ry organisation of the State; the officers
and men of whom they were composed;
ibo name of every individual, with his
place of residence, time of muster, date of
discharge, and the special acts by which
he was distinguished, as well of the dead as
those who have survived.
TRANSPORTATION DEPARTMENT.
The Department of Transportation, crea
ted during the war, has accomplished its
purpose, and ceased to exist by the deter
mination of the Legislature, expressed in
the appropriation bill, approved April 11,
ISGT. The report of the Superintendent
shows that for the year ending November
30, 1807, the whole number of claims set
tled and paid was eight hundred and eighty
two. These were for the disinterment of
the bodies of deceased Pennsylvania sol
diers on distant battle-fields and transpor
tation to the homes of their relatives, and
the total expenditures were thirty-two thou
sand five hundred and thirty-nine dollars
and forty cents. There remain unsettled
one hundred and twenty three claims,
amounting to about four thousand dollars,
for the payment of which and some unset
tled transportation, an appropriation of four
thousand five hundred dollars will be requir
ed.
All the papers and business of the Depart
ment have teen transferred to the office of
the Adjutant General.
STATE AGENCY.
During the war a State Agency, for the
examination, adjustment and collection, free
of expense, of military claims, was estab
lished at Washington, for the maintenance
of which the Legislature, with commenda
ble liberality, has annually made the neces
sary appropriations.
In January last, Col John H. Stewart, of
Allegheny county, was appointed Agent,
and Lieut. Col. Wm. A. Cook. Assistant
After a faithful and efficient performance of
its duties until 31st of October, Col. Stewart
resigned in consequence of domestic afflic
tions, when Col. Cook was promotea to fill
the position, and Lieut Col. J. Copelan,
appointed Assistant.
Daring the year ending December 15,
1867, one thousand seven hundred and
eighteen claims have been settled, and three
hundred and twenty-one Treasury certifi
cates collected, amounting to $241,669 43.
Two thousand one hundred aDd twenty nine
new cases" remain unsettled, the most of
which will probably be settled by the 30th
oi June next, at which period the appropri
ation terminates. When this is exhausted,
the Department will have doubtless fulfilled
its mission, and the documents and papers
can be transferred to the Adjutant General's
office.
CEMETERIES.
The reports of the commissioners appoint
ed under the act of March 12, 1867, to in
vestigate the transactions relating to certain
cemeteries are herewith presented.
The work at the Gettysburg cemetery is
progressing, but with less expedition than
was contemplated, in consequence of the
difficulty of procuring such blocks of marble
as were required for statuary.
The appropriation of three thousand dol
lars to the cemetery at Atitictam has been
withheld, as it appears from the act of in
corporation by the Legislature of Maryland
and the resolutions of the board of trustees,
that the rebel dead are to be interred within
the enclosure and to be honored with the
same memorials as the Union soldiers who
are there buried.
The custom has ever prevailed to special
ly honor those in death who won special
honor by meritorious lives. The monu
ments reared to the memory of departed
worth bear ample testimony that our people
have not been unmindful of this custom.
But whore were sucli memorials ever erec
ted for men whose actions were infamous,
and who perished in an ignoble cause ? Who
would glorify the treason of Benedict Ar
nold with such monuments as have arisen
to the memory of Washington? Who would
dare to insult the loyal heart of this nation
by proposing to lay, side by side, in the
same aepulenre, the body of the assassin
Booth and that of Abraham Lincoln? No
loyal man would take the heartless Wirx
and the other demons that presided over
the prison dens of cruelty, starvation and
death, and the executed conspirators against
the nation's chief, aud deposit them in the
same tomb with the patriotic men who sac
rificed their lives in battling for "the right
against the wrong." Yet it is proposed
that the ioyal States construct cemeteries
for their heroic dead, and then desecrate
them by the burial therein of those who
prosecuted against the country a-warfare
which tor its diabolical ferocity is without a
parallel it the history of civilisation, and
even to erect monuments to their memory.
Carry out this purpose and what induce
ment can be hereafter offered to the loyal
citixon to fight against treason, when he
feels assured that should he fall in battle the
traitor's grave will be honored equally with
his own ?
The cause of the Union was a holy one,
while that which opposed it must have been
its converse. To one side alone tho glory
belongs. This was not a war of nations but
of treason against loyalty. It was a contest
of rebels who would have drained the life's
blood of the government which had nurtur
ed and protected them, against its patriotic
sons who fought to save it from destruction,
it was a war carried on by the defenders and
promoters of oppression against the friends
and lovers of liberty and tneir country's in-
there is no reasonable objection to
giving decent sepulture even to the rebel
dead, those who consider them deserving of
honorable testimonials may bestow them.
It is our duty to render honor only to whom
we believe honor is due.
MONUMENT TO DECEASED SOLDIERS OK THE
NEXICAN WAR.
The commissioners appointed under an
act of the Legislature, approved April 22,
1858, "to contract for, and superintend the
erection of a monument, to the memory of 1
citizeus of Pennsylvania who were slain or j
lost their lives in the war with Mexico/' 1
have contracted fbr the erection of a monu- j
ment, in i prominent portion of the Capitol'
grounds, and the work is progressing as
rapidly as circumstances will [termite The
appropriation of $6,000, to which the com-
missfiwersare limited, is inadequate for the
.object contemplated. The lowest bid for
the contract was $8,200. I join the com
missioners, therefore, in requesting ad addi
tional appropriation of three thousand, to
be used, or so much thereof as may be ne
cessary, to complete the undertaking.
Your patriotism will doubtless gire a fa
vorable response to this request, and the en
lightened people of the Commonwealth, ris
ing above selfish and partisan feelings, will
sanction such expenditure for the erection
of this honorable memento. A State that
baa been prodigal of heT millions in the em
ployment of her physical resources and in
the performance of every noble and disinter
ested act which philanthropy could suggest,
cannot forget her gallant sons whose suffer
ings and sacrifices for their country have
never been fully appreciated, and whose re
mains repose among strangers, in a foreign
land, without a stone, however rude, to in
dicate their last resting places, or distinguish
their graves from those of their fallen ene
mies.
BCRIAL OK DECEASED SOLDIERS IN THE
HARRISBt RO CEMETERY.
A communication from the board of man
agers of the Haraisburg cemetery is here
with transmitted, to which your attention is
invited. The subject of which it treats,
relative to the burial of deceased soldiers
daring the late war, is worthy of legislative
consideration.
CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS.
The Pennsylvania Institute for the Deaf
and Dumb, the Institution for the Instruc
tion of the Blind, the Training School lor
Feeble-Minded Children, the Northern
Home for Friendless Children, the Houses
of Refuge, several Soldiers' Homes, and
other similar charities, which have received
aid from the State, are, according to the re
ports of the principals and superintendents,
all, in their different spheres, accomplish
ing much good for the unfortunate classes
for whose Benefit they were established.
Detailed accounts of the affairs of the
Pennsylvania State Lunatic Hospital at
Harrisburg, and of the Western Pennsylva
nia Hospital, at Pittsburg, will be found in
the reports of the trustees and superintend
ents. Both these institutions, as well as
others in the State for the care of insane, are
crowded. The infirmaries for the hospital
at Harrisburg, for which appropriation waa
made last year, with a large number of ad
ditional wards, have been erected, and will
be ready for occupation during the winter.
A liberal appropriation for the Western
Hospital was devoted to the erection of
buildings, on the Ohio river, seven miles
below Pittsburg, known as the Dixmont
Hospital for the Insane. The greatinurease
of population renders necessary the estab
lishment of other institutions of this kind.
It is estimated that the ratio of the insane
is one to every thousand persons, and on
assuming the population of the State to be
about three millions five hundred thousand,
we have about three thousand five hundred
insane. The hospitals in the State afford
accommodation for only two thousand.
Hence there are fifteen hundred for whom
no provision is made, and many of them are
languishing in the county prisons and alms
houses.
REVISION OF THE CIVIL CODE.
Pursuant to the first section of a joint res
olution of the Legislature, approved on
the loth of April last, Hon. David Derrick
son, W. Maclay Hall, Esq., and Wayne
M' \ eigh, Esq., were appointed to "revise,
collate and digest all such public acts and
statutes of the civil cede of this State, as
are general and permanent in their nature."
These gentlemen have commenced the work
assigned them, and from which the follow
ing benefits are hoped to be derived :
First. The correction of the redundancies,
omissions, repetitious and inconsistencies
of the existing statutes.
Second. The framing of general laws as
substitutes for the innumerable local stat
utes, which for many years have comprised
the bulk of the acts of Assembly and occu
pied the attention of the Legislature to the
detriment of general legislation.
Third. The conferring upon the courts
many powers now exercised by the Legisla
ture, and which, it is believed, will greatly
relieve that body by decreasing the demand
for special legislation and allowing ampler
oppoitunity for the consideration of the
public interests.
| The gentlemen comprising the commission
have prepared a large number of bills, most
of which will be laid before you at an early
day. The most important of these, which
the commissioners, in harmony with my
own views, are of the opinion should receive
early and favorable action of the Legislature,
are those relating to corporations, the poor,
public highways, railroads, evidence and in
terest. The others, with, perhaps, a few
exceptions, might be left unacted upon until
entire work of revision is completed. The
enactment of the bill on corporations into a
law, at an early period of the session, would,
doubtles, serve to prevent much legislation
that might be called for on subjects which
the bill itself contemplates and for which it
makes ample provision. The bills relating
to the poor and public highways demand
early attention, as the laws now in force on
these subjects arc so numerous and diversi
fied that scarcely any two counties in the
State are controlled by the same law, and it
is earnestly to be desired that they receive
the earliest practicable sanction of the Leg
islature.
The commissioners desire to be allowed,
so far as possible, to complete the work and
present it as a symmetrical whole, rather
than in detached parts, and express their
opinion relative to the time requisite for its
satisfactory completion. They ask a repeal
of so much of the first section of the joint
resolution as excepts from their labors
"those statutes revised, codified and enacted
under the resolution approved March 23,
1830," and an amendment of the fourth sec
tion, so as to attend from "two" to three
years, the time allowed for the completion
of the work. The proposed amendments
will give them control of the whole body of
the statute law, and such allowance of time
as they deem necessary for its satisfactory
revision. The accumulation of our public
statutes, during a period of nearly two cen
turies, can hardly fail to present a confusion
which it is eminently desirable should be
corrected; and the only practicable mode of
accomplishing this is the one indicated by
the resolution of the last Legislature, and
having confidence in the gentlemen selected
for this work, it is duo to them, as well as
to the public, that they should not be re
stricted, either as to time or by exceptions,
which would prevent a perfect and desirable
embodiment of public statutes.
The task is one of more than ordinary
magnitude, requiring deliberate considera
tion, critical acumen, and careful compari
son and arrangement, together with nigh
order of talent, literary attainments, legal
research and energetic industry, to bring it
to that perfection which its importance de
mands and the J legislature intended and
will doubtless expect.
TAX LAW.
The Auditor General, Secretary of the
Commonwealth and State Treasurer, ap
pointed by the Legislature at its last session
to revise and digest the tax laws of the State,
have discharged that duty. Their report
will be submitted at an early day, and I be
speak for it that careful examination which
the importance of the subject deserves.
PUBLIC NOTICE TO BE GIVEN OF CERTAIN
BILLS.
Your attention is also invited to the acts
of May 13, lßa7 and April 2, 1860, (Digest,
page 43,) requiring public notice to be given
of the application for all private acts relating
to real estate and for acts of incorporation.
The wisdom and justice of these are mani
fest, and their enforcement cannot be other
wise than beneficial.
[Continued on Fourth i'tipuj