ibf gfrlfard §jnq*im
IS PUBLISHED
L:VI;HY FIUI>AY MORNING,
BY
J, K. !>1 MMHtMffi AM) JOHN LCTZ,
0N
JI LIATfA St., opposite the Stengel House
BEI>FOUI), PHN N'A.
TERMS:
|2.00 n rear if paid strictly in advance.
If not paid within six months *2.30.
If not paid within the year aa.OO.
jroftftrtml & Cards.
4 I'TORX E\H AT LAW.
TOM* PALMER,
' Attorney at Uw, Kedßrd. Pa,.
Will promptly attend to all business entrusted to
his care.
Vft- Particular attention paid to the eollection
of Military claims. Office on Julianna st.. nearly
opposite the Mengel House.) june 23, '65.1y
T B. CESSNA,
*) . ATTORNEY AT LAW,
office with Jon*' Cessna, on Pitt St., opposite the
Bedford Hotel. AH business entrusted to his care
will receive faithful and prompt attention. Mili
tary Claims, Pensions. <t* speedily collected,
Bedford, June 9, 1865.
F •!! \ T. KEAHV,
#J ATTORNEY AT LAW, Brnroe.D, Pa.,
Will promptly attend to all legal business entrust
el to his care. Will give special attention to
e'aiii!- against the Government. Office on Juliana
s reel. ■ .riuerly occupied by Hon. A. King.
April :'5-*ly.
j. r. Nt itßuanow joii.* lpti.
DUIiBOEBOW A LET/..
./ TTOH.Vf: \'s .IT T.I It*.
Bcnronn, Pa.,
Will attend promptly to all business intrusted to
their care. Collections made on the shortest no
tice.
They are. also, regularly licensed Claim Agents
and will give special attention to the prosecution
of claims against the Government for Pensions,
Back Par, Bounty, Bounty bands, Ac.
Office on Juliana street, one door South of the
,- ,\len"cl House" and nearly opposite the htyuirer
~ April 28. 18f5:tf
UHP Y M ALSIP,
llf ATTORNEY AT LAW, Bunrbnn, Pa.,
Will faithfully and promptly attend to all busi
acss enrmstedto his care in Bedford and adjoin
iurr counties. Military claims, Pensions, back
pay, Bounty, Ac. speedily collected. Office with
Mann A Spang, on Juliana street, 2 doors south
..f the Mengel House. apl I, 1864.—tf.
MA. POINTS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW, Rubportn, Pa.
Bespeetfully tenders his professional services
t-> the public. Office with J. YY. Lingenfeltcr,
E.op. on Juliana street, two doors South of the
"Menglc House." Dec. 9, 1864-tf.
KIMMF.LL AND LINGEXFELTER,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW, BEnroKD, I-A.
11.ave formed a partnership in the practice of
the Law Office on Juliana Street, two doors South
of the Mengel House,
apr'l. 1864 tf.
ROHN MOWER,
) ATTORNEY AT LAW.
Bedford, Pa.
April 1, 1864.—tf.
DENTISTS.
C. N. BICKOK ....J. O. MISSICH, JR.
nEN TESTS. Bedford, Pa.
tijfire in ike Honk 11 nilti i Htj. Julian" Street.
All operations pertaining to Surgical or Me
chanical Dentistry carefully and faithfully per
formed and warranted. TERMS CASH.
janft"6s-ly.
DENTISTRY'.
I. N. BOWSER, Resident Dentist, Wood-
BKRItr. Pa., will spend the second Mondwv, Tues
day, and Wednesday, of each month at Hopewell,
the remaining three days at Bloody Hun, attend- :
ing to fhc duties of his profession. At all other
times be can he found in his office at W oodbury,
cveepting the last Monday and Tuesday of the
vunc month, which he will spend in Martinsburg,
Blair county, Penna. Persons desiring operations
should call early, as time is limited. All opera
i.ns warranted. Aug. 5,1864,-tf.
PHYSICIANS.
I \K. B. F. HARRY,
I.) Kc.qiectfullv tenders his professional ser
vices to the eit'oens of Bedford and vicinity.
Office and residence on Pitt Street, in the building
formerly occupied by Dr. J. H. Hofius.
April 1, 1864 —tt.
I L. MAKBOL'KO, M. I).,
I . Having permanently located respectfully
tenders his pofessional services to the citixens
"f Bedford and vicinity. Office or. Juliana street,
opposite the Bank, one door north of Hall A Pal
mer's office. April 1, 1864—tf.
IIOTKLS.
RKl)l'<>Hli HOUSE,
at mmsi-Kz™™? 9?.-: htt ' Pa ''
Kv< ry attention given to make guests comfortable,
who step at tliia House.
Hopewell, July 29, 1864.
I r S*. HOTKI.,
I . ll \Rftl.<Rl?Fffl, PA.
CORNER SIXTH AND MARKET STREETS,
Ufl'oslTK UASIXS H. H. DKI'OT.
D. 11. HUTCHINSON, Proprietor.
j in 6:65.
Y \s H I N T ;TOK BOTEL,
JiKDFORI ). Pa
is AAC F. GROVE, Proprietor.
THE .subscriber wculd respectfully announce
to his friend? in Bedford County, and the pqblic
gej.orally that he has leased for a term of years,
this large convenient brick hotel, at the corner
of Pitt and Jultanna Streets, Bedford Pa., known
a- the, WA S HJN<;TON HOTEL, and formerly
kept hy Win. Dibert.
This Hume is heingthoroughly re-fitted an <f re
furnished. aiitl is now opened for the reception of
guests. Visitors to the BEDFORD SPRINGS,
and persons attending Court, will find this House
a pleasant and quiet temporary home, Every at
tention will be paid to the accommodation and
comfort of guests.
Tbe TABLE . will at all times be supplied with
the best the markets afford. Charges will be mod
crate.
Extensive Stabling is attached to this Hotel,
and a careful and competent Hostler will be in at
tendence.
special attention will be paid to the accommo
dation of the farming community.
Coaches leave this House Dailv. (Sundays ex
cepted , at 61 o'clock. A. M. and 2o'clock P. M.. to
* n't With the trains going East, from Mount
l'alla> Station and Bloody Run. A coach will also
have tri-weekly, (Tuesday, Thursday and Satur
day) for Somerset. The traveling public will find
it decidedly to their advantage to stop with him.
ISAAC F. QROVE.
Bedford, April 7, 1865.
BAAHIHN.
W. AI re n. k. MIASSO? ~R. BKMUXICT
J> I'D, SHANNON A CO., BANKERS,
* V. R:I<RFTITN, PA.
BANK OF DISCOUNT AND DEPOSIT.
' 1 1. LECTIONS made for the East, West, North
j l ' l <B' Uth. and the general business of Exchange,
•' riMctJd.. Notes and Accounts Collected and
11 " ittahrer promptly made. REAL ESTATE
"'eight and sold. apr.15,'64-tf.
4HVIIF.IU Ac.
I 1A N1 L .J, JIT OS HER.
I'ttT STBSKT, TWO DOORS WKST Of THE BKB
' UOTEL, RKHFOBII, PA.
V ' ATCJIMAKEU AND DEALER IN JEWEL
RV. SPECTACLES, AC.
'lc keeps on hand a stock of fine Gold and Sil-
atelics, Spectacles of Brilliant Double Refin
'<ia--es, *!sq Scotch Pebble Glasses. Gold
'"ft Chains, Breast Pins, Finger Rings, best
Gold Pens. He will supply to order
'bing in his line not on hand.
IT. 28, 1865—is.
i >LAXK MORTOAOKK, BONDS, PUOMISAHA
, iS " JI'JMiMKNT NOT KM con eta it tTv on
an 'l i"r ; alt |li, -In .uin r" Office
• " 1 64,
DTK BORROW Si LITI Editors and Proprietors.
AO TIME LIKE THE" OLB TIME.
T OLrVIR WISDBLL SOLMRS.
Theie is no time like the M time, when you and
I were young,
When the bade of April blossomed, and the birds
of spring-time sung!
Thegarden's brightest glories by summer suns are
nursed,
But, ob, ths sweet, sweat violets, the flowers that
opened first.
There is no place like the old place where you and
I were born,
Where we lifted first our eyelids on the splendors
of the morn
From the milk-white breast that warmed us, from
the dinging arms that bore;
Where the dear eyes glistened o'er as that will
look on us no more !
There is no friend like the old friend, who has
shared our morning dnys.
Xo greeting like his welcome, no homage like his
praise:
Fame is the scentless sunflower: with gaudy crown
of gold;
But friendship is the breathing rose, with sweets
in every fold.
There is no love tike the old love that we courted
in our pride;
Though our leaves are falling, falling, and we re
failing side by side,
There are blossoms all around us, with the colors
of our dawn,
And we live in borrowed sunshine when the light
of day is gone.
There are bo times like the oh! times—they shall
never be forgot!
Thore is no place like the old place—keep green
the dear old spot!
There are no friends like our old friends—may
II eaven prolong their lives!
Thore are no loves like our old loves—God bless
our loving wives!
Atlontir. Monthly.
PARTED.
A faded flower, a lock of hair,
A little ring, a small white glove,
A portrait of a maiden fair ;
Some crumpled notes, "Aurora Leigh,"
With pencil marks and inscribed name,
A favorite song oft sung to me;
A ribbon blue, with golden clasp,
A scarlet hood, with faint perfume,
A waist belt small, with broken hasp.
What foolish things are those to keep;
So very small, so worthless too—
What folly over them to weep !
The faded flower, the small white glove,
The little ring, the portrait fair,
Are relics of a long-lost lore;
And whispering soft and whispering low
A story of a little grave,
They cause those bitter tears to flow.
SPEECH OF HOY. THADDKI'S STEYEXS,
Ueltysbarg, Pi*., October M, lS.
FELLOW CITIZENS:
I fear the ensuing election is considered of
so little importance as to create indifference.
Although there are two State officers to be
chosen, beside the county ticket, yet I look
upon this election as the most important of
anv which has been held for many years,
except on the re-election of President Lin
coln, which tested the fidelity of the people
to the Union. I will give the reasons of its
importance. A great war between the
federate States of America" and the United
States, has been won by the Union, at the
cost ox Four Billions of money: the loss of
near half a million of lives, and the ruin of
many loyal citizens. The enemy renounced
" " - - A~ iL /T /, WW GA" * />•._ WW J )AAIOW<VI
themselves an alien enemy. We s<> treated
them on many a well fought field. No man
ly foe would ever again claim shelter under
the rejected Constitution, until admitted un
der it by a new compact containing condi
tions corresponding to the altered circum
stances of the two belligerents. No wise
eonquerer would admit such claim, if mean
ly made, except upon terms such as victors
impose, of full indemnity for the past (as
far as possible) and full security for the fu
ture. In the important question of dealing
with the vanquished enemy, we must re
l member that they are no common foe waging
war at the command of their lawful rulers,
but the whole body of the army and people
; (with a few loyal exceptions) are traitors,
rebels and perjurers—are, in short, wanton
and cruel murderers of our best citizens.
What, therefore, might seem harsh towards
a common enemy, is mercy when dealt to
thetn.
Two modes of dealing with thetn are now
before the people and to be decided by them
at this election.
One proposition is to treat the Rebels as
never having abjured the Constitution or
left the Union in fact; but as merely trying
to resume their supposed rights, illegally to
be sure, but still within the Union, as "er
ring brethren, and, therefore, entitled at
their option, to cease this "family strife"
and resume their places, with all their rights;
that in doing this they are to consult only the
Executive of the nation, without any regard
to the sovereign power—the J.legislature.
The terms are, a few oaths, a humbug
State Constitution, made without authority
of law, by less than a third of the jteople,
and never submitted to the people for ratifi
cation. They are then to be taken within
our fraternal embrace, receive a free pardon,
and have all their forfeited estates restored
to them, and come into full communion in
Congress, and in all the offices. They are
to pay none of the expenses or damages of
the war, nor contribute to the support of our
disabled soldiers and bereaved citizens.
This plan has the full approbation of all
the Reliels and rebel sympathizers, of the
whole Copperhead party, of such Republi
cans as are naturally parasites, and of such
public journals as "pt'HMSH BYAUTHOBITT."
The Union party of Pennsylvania have a
dopted a different | lan. The State Con
vention resolved that the estates of the
leading Rebels should be confiscated to pay
the national debt: increase the pensions of
our soldiers; pay the damage.- done to loyal
men. and relieve the harden of taxation,
now heavy, and likely to be increased. This
principle is approved by Maine, .Massachu
setts and all the Union Conventions which
have yet spoken. The tax paying loyal peo
ple are unanimously in favor of it. All who
sympathize with our wounded soldiers and
their bereaved friends: all who wish to see
the damages done by Rebel raiders paid, ap
prove of it. Rut it has been opposed by
e\ay Copperhead Convention \el held {or
to e held, 1 suppose.) JJvery Copperhead
A _ L P° AL GENERAL NEWSPAPER, DEVOTED TO POLITICS, EDUCATION, LITERATI IRE AND MORALS.
paper in the nation: every opponent of the
war. and slanderer of the soldiers, condemns
it. While every copperhead paper, conven
tion, and politician shouts the praises of the
first named scheme with a unanimity unpar
alleled in political contests. But these
schemes you arc to decide.
Our leading journals seem bewildered. I
took up one lately that savs reorganization
is easy. The fundamental principle it lays
down is ' 'that the Rebellion must be consid
ered as having destroyed no State, nor any
State Government; they were only in obey
ance," and he says the President acts upon
that principle. Let us see where that would
lead us to.
1 have said, elsewhere, that our national
liabilities, when all shall be ascertained, will
reach four billions of dollars. Certain tem
porizing Republicans say that the amount is
exaggerated. Let us see.
By the last report of the Secretary of the
Treasury, the ascertained amount, exclud
ing cash on hand, was over $2,830,000,000.
The amount due the Army and Navv would
no doubt swell it to at least three billions of
dollars. I think that the unsettled claims
against the Government tor damages, goods
furnished, and services rendered, will reach
at least five hundred millions of dollars.
The pension list will soon require $30,000,-
<XH> annually, whose capital is $5<K),000,000.
Here we have already four billions. But
there are other various liabilities—annuities
to Indian tribes-, bonds to the Pacific Rail
Road not less than $100,000,(KM), et cetera.
This, to be sure, will not all be on interest
for two or three years to come. Our legal
tenders cannot be funded before that time.
But, in the mean time, that which is on in
terest bears much more than six per cent.
Seven-Thirty is the lowest payable in money.
The gold bearing is between eight and nine
per cent, (reduced to legal tenders.) To
pay the interest and ordinary expenses of
the Government, and the increased cost of
the Army and Navy will require $500,000,-
000 annually. Our present revenue will be,
in common years, about $300,000,000, leav
ing $200,000,000 to be raised by additional
taxation. This whole debt was forced on
us by the rich Rebels of the South. They
organized a regular government: defied the
United States to battle; compelled them to
raise and maintain a million of men; and a
navy of seven hundred vessels. Those who
created this debt have been conquered. The
law of nations says; the law of justice, and
of the God of Armies says, that they shall
pay the expenses and damages of this wick
ed "war. The Rebels, the Copperheads, and
a fow bewildered staggering Republicans
say, "let them back with all their privileges,
without fine or forfeiture. To consolidate
the Union we must leave the homicidal
traitors in its bosom, and treat them kindly
lovingly, and mercifully. Touch not a dollar
of their property; but allow loyal meu to
groan under the burdens they have heaped
upon them." This is not the Pennsylvania
platform. It says "confiscate the property
of the rich Rebels, and apply it to pay the
debt, and to indemnify the loyal men who
have rained them; and add something to
our wounded soldiers' comfort.'' And yet
1 perceive certain Republicans, who sit on
velvet cushions, fill high places, and grow
fat on federal patronage, join the whole
throng of Copperheads and traitors, and
beg that mercy and loving kindness shall he
bestowed on the vanquished wretches: and
especially on those who sue for pardon, be
cause they are worth more than $20,000
each; and that none of their vast estates
shall be taken from them, while our loyal
poor, made houseless by their incendiary
torch, must wander in poverty and labor by
the day, to feed and shelter their suffering
families 1
The shabby Republicans to whom I have
referred, take that course because they pre
tend it is the President's plan. All admit
and applaud tbe patriotism and honesty of
the President. It is true that the applause
of the Copperheads, and their unanimous
approval of what they call his views, have
made the loyal pause. But they need not
be alarmed; nor need the rebels exult at
what they deem the Pie. ! nt's plan of re
organization. Ido not find that be liiLsanv
definitely chosen mode, lie tells us he is try
ing experiments, as it is his duty to do, to
see which works best. He cannot for a mo
ment ptWMjinl, uui I understand him to
Sretend that the Executive has anything to
o with reconstructing the nation. His du
ty, as Commander-in-Chief, is to do what he
is doing, hold th conquered belligerent un
der military rule until the meeting of Con
gress. Not one of the Confederate States
is yet released from military supervision.
The President cannot make laws to govern
them, nor can their own Legislatures, for
they are subject to tbe conqueror. Congress,
and Congress alone, can re-instate or re-ad
mit them. But the President has an im
portant duty to jierfonii. He should be
prepared to recommend some scheme to
Congress. To know what is wisest to ad
vise, he is trying the experiment of allowing
the captives to fabricate forms of State Gov
ernments, and pass municipal laws. If he
finds that they are weaned from their slav
ish ideas and have learned to bow to God's
decree of equal rights, he willl recommend
Congress to admit them to the communion
of freedom. If, as seems likely, from the
specimens wo have had, their old prejudices
prevail; and they will not bow to the decree
of Heaven, and honestly embrace the Dec
laration of Independence, he will no doubt
advise Congress to keep them still in a state
of pupilage. The theory on which he is
allowing the South to patch up State gov
ernments, show that he cannot expect them
to be permanent. He directs his Military-
Governors to allow the people to take the
old Conttitutions as the substratum of a new
organization, and so amend them as to meet
the expectations of the North, by abolish
ing slavery. The Governors direct who
shall vote and when the Conventions shall
be held. Now those Constitutions which
arc to be re-formed, point out the modes of
amendment.
The Constitution of Tennessee provided
that "whenever twotliirds of the General
Assembly shall think it necessary to change
or amend this Constitution they shall recom
mend to the electors to vote for or against a
convention," et cetera-
The Constitution of South Carolina now
being furnished by Provisional Governor
Perry says: "No Convention of the people
shall be called unless by the concurrence of
two thirds of both branches of the whole
representation. " The Constitution of Mis
sissippi requires a two thirds vote to amend;
so of Louisiana, Virginia, and all the other
States. None of the present cobbled Gov
ernments have gone through this process.
1 think about a dozen townships and fifteen
hundred voters acted for the eleven hundred
thousand people of Virginia. What new
law has authorized this mode of amending
or creating new States? The President can
pass no law, and Congress has not met since
the conquest. It is evidently an "experi
ment;" a job for these captives to learn on
while held in military subjection. Ido not
overlook what the President has occasionally
said to ihem. It is u very allowable Chris
tian gratification for him and his chief mini
ster whom these men have persecuted, and
BEDFORD, Pa., FRIDAY, OCTOBER 27, 1865.
placed rewards n their heads, aud attemp
ted to assassinate, tf see thetu ranged by fif
ties at his foot stool, begging his pardon,
and to lecture them in a patronizing way;
and listen to their submissive answers, ana
see them clan their delicate hands in con
strained applause; to tell them not to be al
armed at the radicals, that they are under
his protection and under the shield of the
Constitution which they bid never abjured:
that he loves them Jikea father, and will love
theiu all the more for this little "family
feud.''
It is easy to see that this is all irony, cut
ting irony, which they well deserve. If it
be not irony to the living traitors it is mock
ery to the loyal dead. With what feelings
would our returned soldiers listen to those in
authority, soothing, encouraging, patron
izing those who had just been seeking their
lives? , How could yo" -ta.-ding among the
thick graves of the immortal batfle-fiela or
Gettysburg, listen to such language if it were
to he literally understood? flow more cruel
than steel would it enter the hearts of fath
er.-. brothers and kindred of those who had
fallen by Rebel hands, to see the Chiefs of
the Union .fraternizing with and embracing
the murderers of their kindred while their
garments are yt dripping with their fresh
ulood? Those who know the remarkable in
tellectual character of those eminent men per
ceive, if they do not enjoy, the rich irony of
their speeches, so delicate and yet so subtle
that the trembling supplicants accept it liter
ally, and have gone home to boast of their
success and plot new treason. You will now
see how important it is to carry this election.
The Union platform says; "The Rebel's
property shall pay the damages done to loy
al citizens; double the pensions of our sol
diers, and pay a. part of the National Debt.
The Copperhead platform says: "Tonch
not a dollar of the enemy's property but let
them back unpunished, iuto the Union that
they may a d their loving Copperhead friends
in controlling the Nation."
This is the distinct issue. If we succeed
it will so strengthen the hrnde of the Union
Members of Congress as to enable them to
overcome all opposition, and reconstruct the
Government upon the principles of Justice,
which is universal liberty. How are we to
prevent the pro-slavery party frotn getting
a majority in Congress until all wholesome
legislation shall have been completed? Be
gin, at the opening of the next session of
Congress, by declairing all the Confederate
States in a territorial condition; and refuse
to admit a member from any one of them.
If it is conceded that any of them are States
capable of representation, then the sole ques
will be the personal qualifications of indi
vidual members; and one after another will
find their way into both branches of Con
gress. That would entitle the States to vote
for T'resident and Vice President; and the
successor of Andrew Johnson would be a
Secession Copperhead. Then comes the
assumption of the Rebel debt, or the repu
diation of ours—a condition worse than
peaceable separation—for I can conceive of
no condition worse than National repudia
tion.
What is coclusive evidence that the Pre
sident considers the present adjustment of
States as temporary and experimental only,
is, that the Supreme Court has decided that
the declaration of the condition of States
belongs exclusively to Congress. The pres
ent arrangement was made under the de
crees of the President and his Military Gov
ernors. If this could be deemed permanent,
it would form a precedent, on which future
Presidents might build a throne, and usurp
a crown. The President is too much of a
plebeian to indulge in such absolute ideas.
The people of the border counties, Franklin,
Adams, York, Cumberland, and others, have
been robbed of their personal property; and
one whole town laid in ashes by the Rebel
armies. Let the Union plan be sustained,
and all their losses will be paid, and your
taxes greatly lessened. Let it be defeated
and the Rebels will be allowed to retain their
property, and you will lode it: vain for the
l>ayuicnt of yours. How can any one stan
; diug amidst these plundered citizens, and
almost in sight of the ruins of Chambers
burg, sustain a party, whxh says to the rich
Rebels, "Keep your estates, and let those
whose property you destroyed, work on in
hopeless poverty to the grave!"
1 was lately in Philadelphia, and heard
of a case, (a sample of many others,) which
stirred my blood, cold as it is. A rich rebel
owned city stock amounting (with interest,)
t<> more than one hundred thousand dollars.
It had been seized under our confiscation
laws, it was ready to be pJ into the Uni
ted States Troasurr. v, hen a pardon came,
which restored it to its Rebel owner. If
such things meet your approbation, support
the Copperhead ticket
I observe, it is said that so anxious are
these "errihg brethren" to escape the ac
tion of Congress, that they are being par
doned at the rate of hundreds a day; and as
no human endurance could stand such rapid
labor, a machine has been invented to do it
mechanically, and three hundred are par
doned daily by machinery. I do not see
why a machine may not do this work as well
as human intellect. Thus.they hope to es
cape unpunished. But I think they will be
mistaken, so far as their property is concern
ed. Ido not believe that the President's
pardon can restore property confiscated by
Congre s, and vested in the United States.
Congress did not seize it as the property of
traitors, but look it as enemies property,
such is the express wording of the law of
July, 1X62. The first four sections apply to
traitors, A pardon would guard against
conviction for treason; but it has nothing to
do with belligerent rights. Property onoe
vested in the United States cannot be divest
ed by any acts of the Executive.
Wc are commanded to administer judg
ment in mercy. I am for mercy, but not
until justice is satisfied. Many arc ostenta
tious of their merciful feelings. Some, 1
suspect, mistake timidity and softening of
the brain for tenderness of heart.
With us are all the best warriors of the
nation—Sherman, Hooker. Hunter, How
ard, Sheridan, the talented Butler and the
gallant Hartranft. Ido not speak of Grant
for so silent is he, that all we know of him
is that h it an nnconqmrnblr hero.
Against us arc Jeff. Davis, Judge Black.
Jeff*s namesake of Doylestown, James Bu
chanan, Cam. Wirze, Dean Richmond, Gen.
Lee, Gen. McCausland and their followers.
As I am speaking in a Senatorial Diclrict,
composed of Franklin and Adams counties,
(in both of which some acquaintance. ) I will
say a very few words wjth regard to the lo
cal tickets of each, t have knn.ni your
Senatorial candidate from his boyhood. He
is a gentleman of excellent talents and edit-,
cation. Above all hypocrisy, while he Is
affable to all, he is sycophantic to none. I
knew his respected father well. No truer
man ever lived. He is of a stock in whose
veins no dishonest blood ever flowed.
Of his competitor 1 know nothing. His
parents were of this County, and worthy
people. It is enough to know that he is on
the Secession ticket.
Your County ticket isthe nobles? that possi
bly could he formed. Lieui Houck, she
candidate for the legislature, for bravery
and patrjotjMti is without a rival, Wound
Ed, and left for dead on the field of battle
he unexpectedly recovered; again sought the
enemy, and was again seriously wounded;
As soon as he was able to move, he again
joined the army, and served to the end of
the war. His shattered system will proba
bly lead him to an early grave ; hut lie ha
acquired glory enough for one man. I dotal*
not that He will be honored by a grateful
people.
llis competitor is nobody. When
soldier.- were wanted, and his name was en
rolled, he was no where to he found. Can
good Old Adams disgrace herself bv post
poning the brave patriot filled with rebel
lead, to prefer a skedaddler?
I happened to meet your candidate for
Prothonotary—the son of an old acquaint
ance, a humble mechanic. His family fur
nished two sons for the war. One of them
fills a Soldier's grave. The other bears thg
highest badge of honor—an armless sleeve.
Who can go to the polls and oppose him r
His opponent I believe, is a very worthy
man, who served his country faithfully, and
returned uninjured to enjoy the home of a
wealthy father.
As this may meet the eye of some who
vote in Franklin county, I will say a word of
their ticket.
The Union candidate for the Legislature,
Col. Stumbaugh, is admitted to be a gentle
man of excellent talents. His courage and
patriotism have been tested on the battle
field. lie served in the army until disease
compelled him to retire.
His opponent is my old friend, Meliellan,
whose downfall I deplore. He was never a
fortunate, but was a correct, politician.
Raised a Whig, and always professing to he
long to that school, I know not what mad
ness should make him join the Rebels just
when they are subdued. I can attribute it
to nothing hut (what he believes) to be grat
itude. While they were in Chambersburg
destroying the humble houses of the com
mon people, they spared his magnificent
dwelling and furniture. This is the only
plausible way that I can account for his eon
duct, I know that he attempts to palliate
it, by saying that he was constrained by a
desire to obtain from the State satisfaction
for the damages inflicted by the enemy on
the people of Franklin county. I would not
for a moment doubt the sincerity of that
gentleman. But I believe he deludes him
self as to his real motives. How can he ex
pect to accomplish more than his two talen
ted predeceseors ? They were one of each
party; each influential in his own party. He
will have no party, no influence, for hie
would have the odor of anostaev upon him.
Colonel Stuinhaugh would have much more
power, in these days, when soldiers are po
tential.
It would be but justiee that those on the
frontier, who stood as a bulwark between
the enemy and the interior, should be in
demnified by the State. Such was the opin
ion of Alexander Hamilton. The Union
candidates, alone, can obtain cciupensaticfc
for the border people. But, above all, dam
ages done by the enemy should be paid by
their property. They are usually provided
for by treaties of peace, by compelling the
vanquished belligerent to pay those damages
as the expenses of the war. As the '"Oofi
federate States had no hod, with whom we
could consent to treat, it rests with Con
gress to impose the terms of peace. One
of these terms the Union party of Penn
sylvania. contends shall be "that the estates
of the Rebels shall pay for the property
which they destroyed in Pennsylvania, asd
other States."' It is the certain and true
mode, possibly the only one, by which in
demnity can be had. This is opposed by
the Copperheads. Go with us. and enable
us to carry out our views in Congress, and
all will be paid the damages which were in
flicted by the rebels; our wounded soldiers
will be made comfortable; and our national
debt greatly reduced by the property of
those who caused it. Defeat us, and you put
the rebels in power, our desnoiled citizens
will go unpaid; and all will be oppressed,
through ages to come, by increasing taxa
tion.
THE WEALTH OF OIL.
The New York Tribune thus discourses
upon the subject of petroleum. Among the
many sources for congratulation at the tide
ot returning prosperity which now rolls aero6s
the country, we must not forget that won
derful legacy of nature to which we fell heirs
about the beginning of the war: we mean
the Petroleum fields. The sensation which
followed their discovery and development
has abated, but the oil still flows in undimin
ished streams, pouring into the Natiouallap
presents far richer than the diamonds of Gol
conda, or the glittering metals of the Far
Wist. The oil trade has become a fixed in
stitution, and is already making new eunents
and new centres of trade.
In December. 1752, Major George Wash
ington, of the Virginia militia, was sent by
Governor Dinwiddle to the French comman
der of that day, who was establishing a line
of military posts between Lake Erie and the
Ohio River. In his route he passed up the
Valley of the Allegheny and across the
County of Venango, then the habitation of
Indians and wild animals. A hundred years
later, and all that could lie seen among those
barren hills was a couple of sleepy Dutch
towns, with very little to sell to the outer
world and still less to buy from it. Within
the past five years the discovery of an illu
minating oil beneath the *ur&oeof the earth
has transformed the face of nature with
magical rapidity. The whole country for
miles is dotted with derricks, steam engines,
and shanties; new cities havesnrung up, wit h
their hotels, stores, hanks ana theaters. In
a circuit of thirty miles around Oil City are
over 200,000 inhabitants.
Meadvmc, the neck of the oil regions,
through which is poured the oil outgoing
and the thousand supplies ingoing, has risen
from a population oi'.'i,ooo in 1850 to 15.000.
Places like Franklin, Titusville, Oil City,
Pit bole, which scarcely existed, now boast
1 of theirdaily newspapers, their hotels, hanks,
stores, and theatres. In the circuit of thir
ty miles around Franklin theve are not less
than 200.000 energetic people.
OIL A8 A SOIRCE OF RKYEM E.
The Pithole discoveries have lately given
another impetus to the excitement, ani vis
itors to that interesting spot relate marvel
ous stories of its wonaerful yield of oil.—
There are it appears, on the two or throb
tfaruis known as Pithole City, some 200 wells
sunk or in process. We have the record of
thirty nf these wells which yield from thirty
harrcL (pumping) to 1,500 barrels (flowing)
a dav. The total yield of forty of the wells
now reach nearly 10,000 gallons pet day.—
The oil is worth #lO a band at the wells,
but co-ts from #5 to #5 uioveto haul to nlil
rond. Thy Government imposes an internal
revenue tax of one dollar a barrel on the
crude, and twenty cents per gallon upon the
refined oil, m that with thp least margin of
co t for labor or machinery we have a steady
contribution of $200,000 a day, or $70,000,-
year from this vicinity alone.
The field of the whd of the /Pennsylva
nia oil regions is three times that of the Pit
hole region, so that without counting the
product in West Virginia, Kentucky, or
< ihjj. ar> 1> ivc a sum of over $200,000,000
miMKM; W. 44.
annually as a direct gift from nature, or suffi
cient to discharge the National Debt in fif
teen years. Not only sd, but we are fur
nished with a portable economical light su
perior to any other in use. The principal
difficulty experienced at present is the trans
portation to market [t is estimated that
there are upward of 30.000 barrels of of
awaiting shipment, and the railroads are
daily refusing freight in both directions.
Oil wells are notoriously uncertain ven
tures, and many curious facts are related of
narrow nits and misses of fortune, On the
whole, the yield seems to be as great or
greater than ever, though brought from
many more channels, the current sometimes
setting, from one to another. Leases are
now selling at premiums of from $3,000 to
$5,A00 and half the oil. The territory has
risen in (daces to prices so fabulous as to be
out, of the market. Most of the famous
"owing. wells have, a regular pulsation in
their flow, an interval of from 15 to 30 sec
onds m which gas escapes, again followed
by oil. Speculation seems to be vague in
reference to the extentor origin of the source,
the retorts in which the internal fires have
been distilling this precious fluid may have
been at work for thousands of years, "or may
be still. The supply may be, so* far as human
demands are concerned, exhaustless—may,
indeed, be the liquid side by side with the
fluiu residum of the sidereal heat which
originally permeated the mass we inhabit.
THE WIVES OF POETS.
The London Telegraph says: There is a
book which never will be written—the Lives
of the YVives of Poets—though it is a book
which all of us would be eager to read.
Should we learn that it is bad or good, well
or ill, to know so uiuch of these gifted na
tures? When the applause is over, the
garland removed from the weary head, the
string unstrung, and the eloquent lips cease
to enchant the world with melodv. is there
only a common-place heart left for its right
ful owner? Or is not the leisure and the love
of these great natures something as much
above the ordinary experienco of human re
lationships as their thoughts and language ?
Imagine the household presence of Shaks
peare, his fireside talk, his inner life, the
unrobed existence of a soul so majestic and
masterful! It is hardly less than a solemn
thought to picture the partaking of such a
mind and heart as those which, to this day,
swav millions with their genius, and have
planted their work amid other work like
mountains among monuments. Yet what
do we know of it? What can we know?
Think of .Milton, with a genius so rare, and
stateiy, and pure, that the lady in Comvs.
white and serene among the brutal drinkers
aud revellers of the wood, is alone like it.
Think what it must have been, as a human
feminine destiny, to be charged with the
daily solace and share of that soul, so lofty,
and sedate, and opulent! It is by accident
that these teachers and minstrels of men
mate, since sometimes, as with Milton, it is
' Paradise Lost" that they would describe
if they described at all the life that is lost,
out of their biographies?
These are speculations that will seem fool
ishness to the Stock Exchange, and a stumb
ling block to men about town; but the na
ture which is born to break into such music
or sneh high thought that the world listens,
and crown it with the garland of the poet or
philosopher is not quite like the natures that
marry for money or family, or the rest of
worldly reasons; and one would like to know
something more of those whom they choose
out of the world, just as we draw kings and
fiueens together in picture books, and for
the causes that make us dissatisfied with the
information we have.
REBEL CRUELTY.
Let the historian catalogue Calcutta, Black
Holes, French Bastiles and Spanish Inquisi
tions, but what names will read on the middle
of the nineteenth century like Li'bby Dungeon
Castle Thunder, Belle Isle, Salisbury, Milien,
Andersonville—all will be synonymous with
cruelty, starvation, misery, and death. Truly
a civilization that can palliate such iniquity as
this rebellion has inaugurated and practised,
needs reform or .eradication. It is civiliza
tion apostatized—civilization without the mor
al forces of the age that eievate and enoble.
It is Christianity without Christ. God has
brought us to see our national sins as we nev
er saw them before. Onr covenant with such
montrosity against humanity must be broken.
Because we have justified slavery under the
constitution, we are suffering God's judgment.
Human rights underlie constitutions. We are
told this evil is dead. Let us not be deceived.
It only slumbers. Even loyal States refuse
to accept the logic of the war or the decisions
of God's Providence. They stand back and
brace themselves against the march of events
New Jersey, Kentucky, and Delaware refuse
to ratify the anti-slavery amendment of the
Constitution. Clothed with the saddest woe.
its we are to-day, this grief will sting their
future sons with shame because their fathers
were wallowing in the depths of the national
corruption. AH the traitors North and South
will not justify the deeds this rebellion has
disclosed. We grant that the destruction of
the masses by yellow fever infection, and
clandestine burning of steamboats, and cruel
ty to prisoners, and assassinations are not
conceived or encouraged as just by many that
are in arms against us, yet they could have
raised a voice against such barbarities. The
almost deified and Northern-lionized rebel
chieftain, Lee, could not have daily known
and seen the miseries and deaths by brutal
treatment of our poor starved patriots of those
Richmond "hells," had he been sc great and
good. His word was law. Why did he not
exe-cise it '/ Why did not he and the South
ern pulpit enter their protests in the face of
heaven against the barbarities of the dark
ages ?—A. Y. Obaetver.
SENATOR SHERMAN ON THE TARIFF.—
Senator Sherman spoke at Springfield,
Ohio, last week, when he expressed himself
on the subja-t of tariff and taxation as fol
lows: ile believed it unwise and unfair to
remove the duty from imported paper while
the home manufacturers had to pay a tax
equal to ten per cent, on what they made.
The revenue from imported paper amount
ed to three or four millions of gold per an
num. and the Senate thought the oonntry
could not afford to lose this Bum. The
Committee; on Finance were unanimously of
this opinion. _ A. tax on paper is generally
unwise. It is a tax on knowledge, and ex
cept under extraordinary circumstances
should not lie imposed.
Mr. Sherman believed that the next Con
gress might find it expedient not to remove
the duty from imported paper, but to les
sen the internal tax /in the h'<>Bie made arti
cle. The financial condition of the country
was getting to be such that this might be
done. The stamp duty, he thought, would
he the first to be repealed next winter, after
it the tax on iron, then the tax on paper. !
Coi-MuixiK, in one of the most beautiful
of similes, illustrates the pregnant truth that
the more we know, the greater is our thirst
for knowledge, ami 'the more we love, the
more instinctive our sympathy: "The
water lily, in the midst of waters oiieps its
leaves and expands its petals af the lirst pat
tering of ihe shower; and rejoices in the rain
drops with a quicker sympathy than the
parched ihrub in the *niidy i
RATES OF ADVERTISING.
All averti§emeata for less than 8 montis 10
cent* per line for each insertion. Special notices
una hail aiiuiUonai. All reflations of Ammm
tioii, couimuniciitioiis of a limited t* individual
interest end notices of marriages end deaths, ex
ceeding five lines, it cU . per fine. All legal not!-
cm of evcrv kind, and all Orphantf Court mi
other Judicial sales, are repaired by law to he pub
lished in both papers. Editorial Kotioes 15 cents
? e r, Advertising due after first, insortion.
A liberal discount is made to persons advertising
by the quarter, half-year or year, as follows:
3 months. Smooths. 1 wit.
On® l uare * 4.50 $ 0.00 #IO.OO
Two squares... 8,00 9.00 18.00
Three squares 8.00 12.00 20.00
One-fourth column 14.00 20.00 36.00
Half column 18.00 25.00 45.0e
One column 30.00 45.00 80.00
A MISTAKEN IDEA.
One of oar eotemporaries most truthfully
remarks that a popular idea among out peo
ple is that all of their sons should adopt
clerkships, and the adoption of the business
of book keeping as a means of obtaining tneir
livelihood, and every effort is made to give
them an education to that end. So far as
the education of their children in the
science of keeping proper accounts is con
cerned the idea is a good one; as every young
man should have a sufficient knowledge to
properly manage his own books, should he
ever embark in business, but to make book
keepers and clerks of all our boys is a grand
mistake. Better place them in a workshop,
mill or foundry, where they can learn inde
pendent trades, which at all times will secure
tor them employment, and the pecuniary
compensation for which will be at least as
much, if not more, than the business of ac
counts. We earnestly advise all parents to
teach their sons trades, no matter what, so
that it is an industrious pursuit, and let us
in the future be snared the pain of seeing
so many stout ableoodied young men out of
employment, and seeking situations where
the pen can only be used. There is dignity
in labor, and an honest trade is the best leg
acy a parent can bestow upon bis child, for
■it will see ire his bread wherejall else may
fail. We base our remarks ujpon the fact
that nearly one hundred applications from
youug men were received by a firm in our
city, who recently advertised in our columns
but t wice for au assistant book keeper. This
fact alone taken in connection with the well
known scarcity of labor in the mechanical
branches of industry, speaks volumes in
condemnation of the popular error of mak
ing book keepers out of all our boys.
PROTECTION.
A Growing feeling in favor of a high pro
tective tariff is evident in the tone of our
Western exchanges. Numerous articles,
characterized by great ability appear in their
columns. The importance of diversifying
our industry- is conceded and two great points
are powerfully presented viz: first that the
farmer best serves his interests by encoura
ging manufactures which furnish a home
market and diminish competition in agricul
tural pursuits; and second that the internal
revenues of the Federal Government being
chiefly derived from the manufacturing in
dustry' of the country while real estate fur
nishes the basis of the taxation levied for
the support of State and municipal purposes
it is vitally important to stimulate the for
mer and thus pre vent the whole indebtedness
from being thrown on the latter. It would
be difficult if not impossible for a nation ex
clusively devoted to agriclture to maintain
our credit while by a liberal encouragement
of our manufacturing and mining interests
it will be easy to defray the annual interest
of our debt and to providefor the speedy
extinguishment of the principal A gratify
ing proof of the feeling of some of the agri
culturists of the westi is afforded by the
following letter to the tariff Association of
Cleveland written by Hon. J. B. Grinned,
M. C. from lowa who is the owner of six
thousand acre* of land and an extensive
grower of grain and stock'.'"
"It gives me pleasure to say that I concur
most fully with you in principles and policy.
A nearer market in the agricultural States
is always to be chosen in preference to a for
eign one. The hope t hat our new States
will be manufacturing States is a chimera, if
we do not foster and protect what manufac
tures we have, lam fox the highest duties
on all articles which we tan fabricate or raise
at home, and as earnestly for a premium on
all the skilled labor it is necessary to import,
that we may feed, clothe,.and warm all who
labor for us on our own soiL A great vital
struggle is at hand, and I wish you all saga
city and enterprise in behalf of our material
iterests." Philn. Press.
AT HOME. —The highest style of being at
home grows out of a special state of the af
fections rather than of the intellect Who
has not met with individual)? whose fices
would be a passport to any society, and
whose manners, the unstudied and sponta
neous expressions of their inner selves, make
them visibly welcome wherever they go, and
attract unbounded confidence towards them
in whatever they undertake? They are
frank, because they have nothing to conceal;
affable, because their natures overflow with
benevolence, unflurried, because they dread
nothing; always at home, because they carry
within themselves that which can trust to
itself anywhere and everywhere—purity of
soul with fulness of health. Such are our
best guarantees fbr feeling at home in all
society to which duty takes us, and in every
occupation upon which it obliges us to enter.
They who live least for themselves are also
the least embarrassed by uncertainties,
LEAVE A NAME BEHlND. —Thousands of
men live, breathe, move, pass off the stage
oflife —areheard of no more. Why? They
do not a particle of good in the world, none
was biassed by them as the instrument of
of their redemption. Not a word they spoke
could be recalled, and so they perished; their
light went down in darkness, and they were
not remembered more than the insects of
yesterday. Will you thus live and die, oh
man, immortal? Live for something. Do
good and leave behind you a monument of
virtue that the storms of time can never
destroy. Write your name In kindness, and
love, and mercy, on the hearts of thousands
you may come in contact with year by year.
You will never be forgotten. No! your
name, your deeds will be as legible on the
hearts vou leave behind as the stars on the
brow of evening. Good deeds will shine as
the stars from heaven.
A SCENE IN THE Funnus.—We may pic
ture to ourselves a group of noble young
lads some ten years hence accounting for
their orphanage. Says one my father fell
in beating back the invaders at Gettysburg,
says another my father fell on Lookout Moun
tain fighting above the clouds, says another
my father suffered martyrdom in Libby pris
on; says another uiy father fell at Fort Don
aisofi. And there will be hapless lads who
will listen in mournful envy, saying in their
secret hearts: Alas we have no part nor lot
in such glorvines our fathers were rebels,
and here and there a youth more unfortu
nate still, will steal away from his comrades
and murmur in bitterness of soul "Ah God
help me my father was a Copperhead.—(fit
WVime*.
LEARNING A TBABE.— It was a wise law
of the ancient Jews, that the sons of even
their wealthiest men should be obliged to
serve an aprenticeship to some useful occu
pation: so that, in case of reverse of fortune,
they might have something to "fall back
upon.'' The same still exists in Turkey,
where even- man, rich or poor, even the Sul
tan himself must learn a trade. How for
tunate would it be now, had it been a law in
this count ry! '' Wouid to God I had a trade!''
is the cry of thousands of returned soldiers,
North and Smith, who find themselves ra
ined in pocket, with B O immediate prospect
Of gaining a livelihood- It should teach ps*
rcota that whatever else they may give theif
sons, they should jri?* good Had*