BEDFORD PA„ FRIDAY, OCT. 20, 1805.
ADVERTISE! ADVERTISE!
The Bedford INQUIRER has the largest cir
culation is this part of Pennsylvania. It is
therefore one of the best mediums in the
country for advertisers.
teS°'lf you arc a Lawyer, Doctor or other
professional man, advertise.
BaT'lf you want to sell goods, advertise.
If you want to buy a farm, adver
tise.
If you want to sell a farm, advertise.
tdylf you want employment, advertise.
86L.1f you want to employ help, adver
tise.
you want to buy a house, adver
tise.
B®~lf you want to buy or sell a lot, adver
tise.
50ulfyou want to buy or sell cattle, adver
tise.
SQk-If you want to buy or sell grain, adver
tise.
lWulf yon want, to advance your interests
generally, advertise!
THE ELECTIONS—THEIR SIGNIFI
CANCE.
The elections in Pennsylvania, Ohio and
lowa are over and sufficiently accurate re
ceived to indicate with certainty the over,
whelming defeat of the Copperheads and
sympathizers with the rebellion. The con
test in Pennsylvania was declared by the op
position to be upon negro equality, if so, the j
result is bad for the Cops. The true issue,
however, has been upon the question of re
construction, and upon this the Union party
went before the people with a platform
whose meaning could not be misunderstood,
and the people have ratified that platform,
as Pconsylvanian's j>osition upon the ques
'ion of reconstruction, by a most overwhel
ming majority. The Old Keystone has spo
ken and her voice will not be unheeded in
the councils of the nation. Her voice has
been the key note of the Union party over
the whole country. Ohio and lowa have, in
reality, had practically the same issue before
them, however much politicians may have
endeavored to Pefog the people in regard to
it lowa in addition to the reconstruction
question took high ground in favor of uni
versal suffrage and her people have sanc
tioned it by fifteen thousand majority. So
much for what hn-been done. Comingevents
easts their shadows before them—Newirk,
New Jersey has cast a dark shadow, for the
fossilized democracy of that state, that indi
cates progress even in New Jersey. Those
who persistently believe in the lalismanic
influence of the wortjf Democracy, without
regard to principle may take a lesson from
the election returns, aud learn, that a free
people, who have just saved their Govern
ment from. destruction and their country
from anarchy, are not prepared to depute
to their late enemies the work of recon
struction. The question of repudiating the
national debt and breaking the national faith
has also been definitely settled. Pennsylva
nia has also declared unequivocally in favor
of that protection to American industry, so
long needed and so necessary to the perma
nent prosperity of the whole country. Let
her voice be heeded in this also and in a few
years, we will, under Providence, be blessed
with such a degree of prosperity as the
world has never yet seen, and while, our
country so gloriously free, so richly endowed
with every blessing, stands peerless among
the peerless among the nations of the Earth.
Pennsylvania, with her coal, her oil, her
iron, her varied manufactures, her internal
and external commerce, her canals, her rail
roads, her grand old mountains, her fertile
valleys and her life-giving fountains, shall
stand forth first and fairest in all the bright
galaxy of stars, that so gloriously illume the
flag of the free.
IN TRIBULATION.
The old adage that troubles never come
singly has been fully verified by the so-called
Democracy in the recent elections. Penn
sylvania, Ohio and lowa all came in a troop,
and were quite enough to try the patience
and test the faith of the stannchest of their
leaders, but the unkindest cut of all came
from Andy Johnson on the day of the Penn
sylvania election, when he addressed the
negro troops in Washington. Because he,
in his magnanimity, had pardoned many of
their traitorous crew, they took it for grant
ed, that he was about to turn his back upon
his friends and Tyler like, sell himself to his
country's enemies. They accordingly began
to pin his name upon their flags, and pro
fess to adopt his policy in the administration
of the government, when lo! he makes a
speech and says '''He that ismost meritorious
and virtuous aud intellectual and well in
formed must stand highest without regard to
color." What a fall was there, in the eyes
of the Democracy. They suddenly remem
bered that this "drunken buffoon" was not
long since a "Journeyman Tailor," belong
ing to the "Poor White Trash" in Tennes
see, and quite as suddenly forgot their late
gratitude for the pardon of their leaders.
Why cannot the Democracy stiil adopt the
President's sentiments? Do they fear that
merit, virtue and intelligence will tell disas
trously upon their ranks, if they should be
made the test of privilege, rank and equali
ty? Truly they are in a most desperate
quandary-. To go forward, and follow the
President, is to acknowledge the Union par
ty as right Their present position, if they
have any, is untenable. To go backward is
utter destruction. Terror stricken they
stand aghast and know not what to do. Tru
ly may they exclaim of their future prospects,
"0 dark, dark, dark, amid the blare of noon,
Irrevocably dark, total eclipse
Without all hope of day 1"
Thus traitors meet their doom, and trea
son its reward.
HOW IB ITT
The copperhead papers and speakers
throughout the state have persistently de
clared that the issue insolvcd in the politic
al campaign, was negro suffrae. The State
has adopted the Union platform by a major
ity of from 20,000 to 25,000. Has it de
clared in favor of Negro Suffrage ? What
say you, prophets and seers of the Democ
racy ? Do you accept the verdict as rendered
upon your own construction of the issue?
In the tere and yellow leaf.— The forests
around our town, and the Democracy in
Penmylvwda.
Gloomy—The weather, and the prospects
of the ooj^rheads.
REHTWJRATION OF POSTAL FA CI Ll*
TL* TO TUB SOUTH.
When we incidentally read of the reopening
of Post Offices and Postal routes and the
repairing and extension of telegraphic com
munications throughout the Southern States,
we are apt to give it no more than a passing
notice, and fail entirely to appreciate the im
mense importance, not only to the South but
to the whole country, of the reopening of
mail coiiiujuuicution and the pouring of
daily and hourly instalments of books, papers,
letters, Ac., representing the thoughts, ide
as and opinions of all sections, into the here
tofore benighted regions of the South. Free
communication aud interchange of thought
is the lever of the world's progress, as indi
cated by the experience of all ages. The
South for years before the rebellion had
neither a free mail, free speech, nor a free
press, with them we would never have had
a rebellion. The danger of a future rebel
lion can now be averted by preserving the
freedom of the press and of the mails thro'-
out the length and breadth of the land.
One of the great motive powers of civiliza
tion is free, untrammelled thought, as ex
pressed through periodicals, newspapers, in
speeches and books and in the freedom of
social intercourse. Its liberalizing influence
upon the ignorance, bigotry, and selfishness
of the hitherto isolated communities of the
South, will be like the genial rays of the
early summer sun upon the Earth as it
emerges from the ice and storms of winter,
quickening into life and energy the hitherto
dormant powersof that region, and infusing
a progressive spirit into its people that will
soon make those long barren, wastes to
bud and blossom as the rose, and crown with
plenty, wealth, happiness and liberty all her
inhabitants. Wc will hail with joy the day
when not only all the old mail routes in the
South are reopened but when many new
ones shall be added, for they are the ties
that bind our Union stronger than armed
men and bayonets. But with these must go
the minister of the gospel and the school
teacher. When school-house and church
stand side by side upon every hill top
throughout the sunny south and all her
children learn to read and write and think,
we shall dismiss every fear of the cannon
nnd bayonet being ever again required to
preserve our national integrity.
THE PRESIDENT'S PLATFORM.
Yi hile politicians all over the country, of
all shades of opinion, are shouting out, each
that he is the true supporter of President
Johnson, we notice that they are all some
what shy of the most important part of the
President's platform.
Mr. Johnson declares that "slavery i.i in
compatible with free and republican govern
ment," and he holds further that there is
but one way to get rid, finally and forever,
of the evil. Here are his own words:
"The mode by which this great change—
the emancipation of the slave—can be effec
ted. is properly found in the power to amend
the Constitution of the United States. This
plan is effectual and of no doubtful authori
ty; and while it does not contravene the
timely exercise of the war power by the
President in his Emancipation Proclamation,
it comes stamped with the authority of the
people themselves, acting in accordance with
the written rule of the supreme law of the
land, and must therefore give more general
satisfaction and quietude to the distracted
public mind."
We call the attention of influential polit
cal leaders to these wise words of the Pres
dent. Emancipation he holds to be so ne
cessary. that he wrote in the same letter
from which we have quoted above: "It is
in vain to attempt to reconstruct the Union
with the distracting element of slavery in it."
The true way to secure emancipation, he
goes on to say, is by the passage of the Con
stitutional Amendment.
Thus he adopts this important measure
as his own: to oppose that is to oppose him.
as he very well understands, and he is not a
man to be blinded by loud pretentions of
support from men who at the same time
stab him by defeating the most important
measure of his policy. When politicians
now claim to represent Mr. Johnson, and to
be his special supporters, the people will
ask: What do you say to the Constitutional
Amendment? It has not yet passed—will
you, do you support it? Have you used
your influence with your party friends, to
induce them to pass it? Have you openly
and clearly committed yourself in favor of
it r
It is of no use to say the issue is past—it
is not; the amendment is not yet ratified by
the requisite number of states. It lacks the
vote of three states, we believe. In at least'
two of those states, elections will be held
this fall. It is very easy for parties, so
''harmonious" as each of the leading par
ties now claims to be, to press upon their
leaders in those states the open support of
the amendment, and thus to secure its pas
sage; that will be an assurance to the coun
try that Mr. Johnson is really receiving sup
port.
But if either party in these states opposes
the amendment, its professions elsewhere
will be received with suspicion. The people,
who do support the President, will say to
these party leaders: In the only places
where you have a chance to do anything you
do wrong; in the only states where your
support is important to President Johnson
you oppose him; what then is your support
worth? what is the value of your hollow
professions?
Here, therefore, is a test: When any
politician, no matter of what party or fac
tion, claims to "support President Johnson,"
ask him what he thinks of the Constitution
al Amendment: if his reply is not clear,
loud and definite, you may be sure that his
pretentions are false.— Evening Post.
ELECTION NEWS.
The Union majority exceeds that of Lin
coln several thousand and will be in the
neighborhood of 25,000. Thirty-eight out
of forty-two counties officially reported,
•how Union gains. *
Ohio gives a Union majority of thirty
thousand or more.
lowa gives a clear union majority of over
fifteen thousand.
C. C. C. in the election returns, means
Cold comfort for Copperheads.
Muddy —Democratic lucubrations over the
election returns.
Elongated —The visages of the Democrat
ic prophets who predicted a victory in Penn
sylvania.
THE LESSONS OF EXPERIENCE.
Less than five pears ago, the accession of
the Southrons having loft the friends of
Protection iu a majority ia cither House of
Congress, they improved their opportunity
by framing and passing what is known as
the Morrill and has been stigmatized by its
enemies as the immoral Tariff. Though
moderate in its rates of duty, it was unmis
takable in its purpose, and was at once ve
hemently denounced by Free Traders as a
measure of insane Prohibition—of Japanese
isolation. We were to have no more foreign
trade, or next to none, till its repeal, clamored
The Times (London,) as well as the great
body of Economist doctrinaires , including
even so masculine a thinker ax Harriet Mar
tiueau. That we had setourfaces stubbornly
toward the Dark Ages and decreed the in
exorable expulsion from our shores of that
large and respectable class of Europeans who
live to supply us with the Wares and Fabrics
of the Old World was devoutly believed.
And, so long as the War lasted, they could
not be made to realize that our subsisting
commerce was not the factitious and transi
tory result of our belligerent necessities.
But the War was ended nearly or quite six
months ago. We have long since ceased to
import Niicr, Lead, Arms, Army Blankets,
or anything of the sort. Our armies have
in good part been dissolved and the men
sent horn*. And yet though our exports
are reduced nearly to a minimum by the
M ar's suspensive afCotton-growing we are
nevertheless importing foreign products—
mainly Wares and Fabrics—at the rate of
not less than Three Hundred Millions
worth per annum—importing, to say the
least quite as largely as our existing means
of payment will warrant. And we are likely
to import more rather than less so soon as
we can grow the crops wherewith larger im
portations may be paid for.
And we are paying Federal Taxes alone at
the rate of fully Ten Millions of Dollars per
week, or hive Hundred Millions per annum,
Though our volunteers are not nil disbanded
yet and though many bills for War expenses
are from day to day presented and paid wc
are already more than paying our enrrent
expenses including th; exceptionally high
rates of interest on our vast Debt. Our two
last monthly Treasury balance sheets have
astonished the civilized world by exhibiting
in either instance a diminution by several
Millions of Dollars of the principal of our
Debt and a corresponding reduction of the
annually accruing interest.
M e are confident that no other nation ever
paralleled this so closely on the heels of a
gigantic, and devastating War.
Our Labor is generally well employed and
rewarded. There have rarely been fewer
men vainly seeking work in our City than
now. In a long inland journey whence we
have recently returned, we could hear of no
dearth of employment anywhere. We donbt
that there arc One 1 housand men looking
for manual labor in the two States of Wis
consin aud Minnesota which together have
about One Million inhabitants. An average
mechanic receives in Central Minnesota the
price of three bushels of Wheat or fifteen
bushels of potatoes for a day's work; a com
mon lalstrer is paid the price of two bushels
of M heat or ten bushels of Potatoes; and
there is work for more men than can be had.
We do not believe there were a hundred
men looking for work or wanting it in the
two cities of St. Paul aud Minneapolis,
with a joint population of 20,000.
Of course, there is some grumbling, as
there.always is. One would have the evi
dences of our National Debt taxed; though
—as we have all that Debt to borrow afresh
at very short dates—the effect of this would
inevitably be to raise the rate of interest, so
as to take five dollars out of the Treasuty for
every four it put in. If you tax the bonds,
the lender will take that circumstance into
account in making his bids for the new loans
whereby most of those now running must
soon be replaced; so, that, instead of gradu
ally working our average rate of interest
down to five if not to four per cent, we shall
have to pay aix or seven, as now.
This project of lightening our burdens by
taxing our Debt is as futile as it is perfidious.
But prices are too high. Admit it ()r
paper makers ask too much for their paper,
compelling us to charge accordingly for our
issues; the Cotton spinners are making (we
are told) large profits; the farmers are get
ting high prices for their products; the la
boring class demand liberal wages; the land
lords require big rents. AH this, we pre
sume, is so; yet we are all getting on. Mer
chants are selling many goods and getting
pay for them; farmers are thriving; laborers
are generally' comfortable; "newspapers are
well supported as we can attest. We doubt
whether this American People— we speak
more especially of the States that took no
part in the late revolt—were ever'doing bet
ter than now. Considering our mountain of
National and local Debt this is remarkable.
Of course an effort will be made next Win
ter to reduce the Tariff: but we cannot be
lieve that it stands any chance of success.
How should it? Suppose we had, for the
last two or three years, been supplied with
cheaper Paper cheaper Calicoes, cheaxer
Iron from Europe, how should we have pfcid
for them? How should we pay for tlXm
overthrown on the assumption that the
country had been reduced by it to idleness
and embarrassment. Shall such facts be
overborne? The South and the West arc
now largely increasing or repairing their
factories, woolen mills, Ac, are being erect
ed or refitted almost everywhere. Let well
enough alone, while we work our way back to
Specie Payments, which will give us cheaper
Goods, cheaper Food, cheaper Labor, cheap-
I aper. If we can only refrain from doing
mischief the country will rapidlj' increase
her annual product until the Debt shall seem
a bagatelle and every interest rejoice in a
substantial, enduring prosperity.— JV. Y
Tribune.
now? We have very little Cotton, andean
have little more for a year yet. Tobacco
ditto. Rice ditto. Our product of Gold
and Silver cannot be essentially increased till
we shall have pushed our Pacific Railroad
up to the Rocky Mountains on one side or
over the Sierra Nevada on the other; and
we are exporting too many Bonds to sell at
70—that is agreeing to pay SIOO a few years
hence, with six per cent interest thereon, for
every S7O loaned us. The less of this busi
ness we do, the better for us and our children.
Every Protective Tariff we have had has
found our Industry paralyzed and left it ac
tive and prosperous. Never yet was one
GENERAL NEWS.
AGRICULTURAL.
The wheat crop of Minnesota this year will
be 9,000,000 bushels, with an average of 24
bushels to the acre .
Twenty-seven thousand balesot cotton will
be produced this year along the line of the
Illinois Central Railroad, against 5,000 last
year.
The cotton raised in Texas by the Germans
is cleaner and finer than that grown by ne
groes.
LEGAL.
The will of the late Mi. Cobden, executed
the day before his death, has been sworn to
as i nder SB,OOO sterling.
The United States District Court at Chicago
has decided that a married woman, in Illinois
or Wisconsin may sne her husband, as well as
other parties, to recover her own estate.
Mr. L. C. Berry has just recovered a judg
ment in the Supreme Court at Poughkeepsie,
N. Y., for S3OO against the United States
Marshal for illegal arrest and imprisonment
in 1802.
MILITARY.
The First District of Columbia Colored Reg
iment returned to Washington on the Bth, and
their colored fellow-citizens gave them a re
ception and
Gen. Conner has declared war to the knife
against the North-Western savages, and or
dered his officers not to leave a trail, when
once struck, until they have overtaken and
punished them.
The Military Department of New Mexico
has been abolished.
The office of Provost-Marshal in the Wash
ington District has been abolished.
FINANCIAL.
The English Confederate bondholders are
endeavoring to induce the London Stock
Exchange to admit them to quotation.
Fears are entertained of a financial crisis
in England on account of large cotton specu
lations in Liverpool and Manchester.
The business done in American securities
in London is unprecedented since the break
ing out of the Rebellion. Five-Twenties were
quoted at 70a7J on Sept. 30.
M. Moreau, an eminent French financial
statesman, isinthis country studyingits finan
cial and commercial condition.
The treasure captured among Jefferson Da
vis's effects has been counted at the Treasury
Department and amounts to $87,878 and
$9,82*2 in silver.
The receipts of the United States for the
quarter ending June 30, 1865, exclusive of
trust funds, were $018,464,820, and the ex
penditures, $675,767,411.
The State of New York has received $262,-
763 from the General Government for moneys
advanced in 1861 for the equipment of regi
ments, Ac.
CRIME AND CABUAITIES.
A bookkeeper named Bernard Straub was
arrested in Brooklyn, N. Y., on the 10th,
charged with defrauding his employers, and
while being conveyed acros-i the river jumped
overboard and was drowned.
Dismal Swamp, Yu., is on tire, and thous
ands of acres have already been burned over,
greatly to the inconvenience of the bears,
deer, Ac., in which it abounds.
Highway robberies are of almost daily oc
currence in the oil regions of Pennsylvania,
and a Vigilance Committee has been organi
zed to inflict summary punishment upon the
desperadoes.
Fi.ur thousand barrels of oil and thirteen
engine-houses and derricks were burned at
Pithole, Pa., on the 9th inst. The fire spread
over an area of five acres. Loss, $150,000.
A man in Nashville, Tenn., shot his young
wife six times, one day last week, for having
proved unfaithful to him. She died on the
spot.
An attempt was made on the 7th to burn
the celebrated Spotewood Hotel in Richmond.
Va., and the house being filled with men,
women and children, a terrible scene ensued;
but the fire was extinguished nnd ''nobody
hurt."
LITERARY.
M. Theirß is about to publish a HistoJy of
Florence.
De Bow is abont to resume the publication
of his review.
Dr. Bard is soon to revive The Memphis
Avalanche, suspended in 1862.
BobertE. Lee was installed as President f
Washington College, at Lexington. Va., on
the sth inst, At Gen. Lee's request, the
ceremonies were of a very unostentatious
character.
A paper called The Journal of Freedom,
advocating universal suffrage, has been es
tablished fn Raleigh, N. C,, by the Federal
officers.
A monument is to be erected over the grave
of Edgar A. Poe in Baltimore, Md.
Mr. Charles Dickens has been seriously ill
at Paris from the effect of sur.-stroke, but is
recovering.
The Empress Eugene has published a
pamphlet on Mexico, for circulation among
her friends, called: "Mexico from a Provi
dential Point of View,"
Geo. Augustus Sala. quondam American
correspondent of The, London Telegraph• is
lecturing in Scotland on "Three Phases of
Civilization—the United States, Mexico and
Algeria."
A life of Samuel Adams, by W, V. Walls,
is announced by Little, Brown & Co., Boston.
RELIGIOUS.
1 he American Bible Soeietybave aentagents
to Tennessee, Virginia, Alabama, and Florida
to labor among the freedmen.
In the Episcopal Convention at Philadel
phia delegates from three of the late rebell
ious States were admitted.
Seven thousand dollars were recently dona
ted at St. Lazarus s Church, Memphis, Tenn.,
toward a cathedral in honor of the late Bish
op Polk and others.
A Roman Catholic congress is soon to be
held at Treves, Germany, at which the most
eminent Catholics iu Europe will be present.
A new t atholic church is building in Wash
ington.
The recently published views of Henry
Ward Beecheron future punishment, in which
there is a leaning to Universalism, is cuusing
much discussion.
The 1 ennessee Conference of the Metho
dist Episcopal Church, South, recommends
that the word South be stricken from the name
of their Church.
The Presbytery of Sagamon, 111., recently
denounced interference with the preaching of
the Gospel either by civil or military au
thority.
At the Methodist Conference on the 7th, at
Edgefield, Tenn,, great enthusiasm was nuuii.
fe atthe introduction of BishopSoule, the
oldest Bishop of that faith in the world. A.
recess was bad, during which he received the
congratulations of clergymen from all parts
of the world.
Alderman Phillips, a Hebrew, has been
elected Lord Mayor ot London, Eng.
The pope is opposed to secret societies and
Freemasonary in particular, and censures
the Sovereigns who protect them.
The Presbyterian Synod of Virginia, in
session at Lynchburg, Va., on the 7th, voted
to maintuin a separate church organization in
that state.
POLITICAL.
The Connecticut election, which took place
on the 2d, resulted in the defeat of the negro
suffrage Constitutional Amendment by from
3,000 to 5,000 majority.
The Radical Republicans of Wisconsin held
a convention at Janesville last week, and ex
pressed themselves in favor of impartial suff
rage us the only basis of the safe reconstruc
tion and future security of the Union.
The election for delegates to the Florida
State Convention was held on the 2d.
The North Carolina Convention met at Ra
leigh on the 2d, and organized.
Gen. Terry has designated nine members of
the Richmond City Council and nine Alder
men—being a majority of each body elected
in July—who are to qualify and organize for
tht purpose of appointing officers to conduct
the Virginia Congressional election to take
place on the 12th.
Gov. Perry will, it is understood, be chosen
Senator from South Carolina.
lhe Louisiana election of Stale officers and
Members of Congress takes place on the first
Monday in November.
I lie South Carolina election will be held
October 18. James L. Orr is nominated for
Governor.
The Alabama State Convention has recon
sidered the resolution to pay the debts con
tracted during the war, and has repudiated
both the State and Confederate debt. They
have also passed an ordinance which practi
cally excludes negro testimony from the
courts.
In Mississippi the negroes have been placed
upon an equality with the whites in the courts
of law.
Col. Chaner has been elected Delegate to
Congress from New Mexico.
William Lloyd Garrison is tornakea lectur
ing tour this Autumn in the West.
Ihe North Carolina Convention has declar
ed the ordinance of secession null and void,
abolished Slavery forever in that State, and
ordered an election for Governor and mem
bers of the Legislature to be held Nov. 9.
Garret Davis's Kentucky delegation is in
Washington, asking the removal of Gov.
Palmer.
The colored people of St. Louis, Mo., held
n meeting on the 2d, to take measures for se
curing the right of suffrage.
The Honorable John Minor Botts is a can
didate for Congress in the Lynchburg Dis
trict, Va.
Col. J. W. Forney has concluded that ne
gro suffrage in the South ;would be injurious
at present.
The majority of Gen Humphreys over
•fudge Fisher for Governor of Mississippi is
10,000.
The new State of Colorado has voted against
negro suffrage.
Maj-tien. N. P. Banks has been nominated
for Congress by the Republicans of the Sixth
District of Massachusetts.
The North Carolina election takes place on
the first Thursday in November.
MISSISSIPPI.
Governor Sharkey on Negro Testimony.
He Orders it to be Received in the
Civil Courts.
JACKSON, Miss., September 28.—Quiet
reigns in this locality at present. The poli
ticians are resting their claims before the
dear people, who will decide on Monday mext
the fate of each. The villains who were re
cently engaged in shooting negroes for the
"fun of the thing," and stealing cotton bc
oau.-o it was the "custom of the country,"
have subsided, because both the fun and the
custom are played out-
Governor Sharkey's proclamation which
appears in the papers this morning, is the
theme of conversation, and has provoked a
great tieal of comment pro and am. There
has been much controversy, both in the pub
lic prints and in the bar-rooms; where poli
ticians and other loafers "most do congre
gate," regarding the admission of negio
testimony in courts of justice. While they
were heartily tired and anxious to get rid of
the Freedman's Bureau Court, before which
a whito man stood but a slim chance, they
could not consent to the policy of allowing
the negro the right of testimony before their
civil tribunals even in cases where Sambo
should be the plaintiff or defendant in the
suit.
A fewdaj'sago it became known here that
Colonel Thomas, Assistant Commissioner
for Freedman for the State, had turned over
the business of his court to the Mayor of
Vioksburg. There was a great howl raised,
and the Xeios of this city called upon Gov
ernor Sharkey to suspend from office the
aforesaid Mayor for receiving negro testimo
ny. The proclamation of the Governor,
however, has put a quietness to the matter,
and the malcontents can do nothing but grin
and bear it As the proclamation explains
the matter fully I append it-
PROCLAMATION.
EXKCCTIV C OFFICE, .JACKSON, Septem
ber 25, 1#65.—8y an order bearing date the
10th inst, Colonel Samuel Thomas Assistant
Commissioner of the Freedman's Bureau in
this State, proposes to transfer to the civil
authorities of the State the right to try all
cases in which the rights of freedmen are in
volved, either for injuries done to their per
rons or property. This propisition is made,
however, on condition that "thejudicial offi
cers and magistrates of the Provisional
Government of the State will take for their
of procedure the laws now in force in
this State, except so far as those laws make
a distinction on account of color, and allow
negroes the same rights and privileges as
are accorded to white men before their
courts," by which I understand that negroes
shall be allowed to testify in cases where
their interest is involved.
And believing that the late constitutional
amendment winch abolished slavery abolish
ed all laws which constituted a part of the
policy of the system of slavery, and in de
claring that the negro shall hie protected in
his person and property establishes princi
ples which of themselves entitle the negro
to sue and be sued, and, as a necessary inci
dent of such right, that he is made compe
tent as a witness according to the laws of
evidence of the State: Now, therefore, I,
William L. Sharkey, Provisional Governor
of Mississippi, with a view of securing to
our citizens the rights of trial before their
own officers and under their own laws, rather
than by a military tribunal and bv military
law, do horeby proclaim and make known
that in all cases, civil or criminal, in which
the rights of negroes are involved, either j
for injuries done to their persons or property j
or ra matters of contract, the testimony of
negroes may be reoeived, subject to the com
mon-law roles of evidence as regards com
petency and credibility which prevail in re- i
gard to white pepspps, A"<l 1 d<> therefore
accept the p-opositiou of Colonel Samuel
Ihoinas Asflstant Commissioner of the
Freedman's Bureau of this State and re
quest that no freed man's court shall hereaf
ter be oigaOMsed, and that those already In
existence be closed, and instructed to trans -
fer the cases before them to the civil author
ities; and I hereby instruct all judicial officers
and magistrates to aet accordingly, until the
Legislature shall act upon the subject.
Given under my hand and the great seal
of the State affixed, this day and date above
written.
W. L. SIIABKEY.
Provisional Governor of Mississippi.
TF.lt Kl Ul.i: RAILROAD ACCIDENT.
Nine Persons Instantly Killedl-Thirtv
Men, Women and Children Reported
wounded!
lL °' L ,nost horrible railroad accidents
that has hoccurred during the present vear,
happened on Saturday afternoon, on the
1 ennsyivania railroad three miles this side of
Lancaster, as the Pay Lxpress train reached
that point, en route for Philadelphia. Tie
tram consisted of seven cars: The front axio
of the third car breaking, that end of the
car at once fell to the track, and as the train
was under full headway, the rear cars ran
into the one to which the accident occurred,
crushing to death nine persons and maiming
a large number of others—rumor says thirtv
or more. The scene is said to have been
heart-rend.ng and sickening in the extreme,
lhe shrieks and groans of the wounded and
dying were such as to unman the stoutest
heart, and cause many passengers to leave
the vicinity oi the accident to obtain relief
from the sad spectacle presented. The fol
lowing is a list of the persons who were in
stantly killed, or died within a few moments
after the accident occurred:
Mrs. James P. Barr, wife of the Surveyor
(xeneral of Pennsylvania.
Mrs. \Y illett, of New Cumberland, Cum
berland county, Pa.
Mrs. Zette, of Milwaukie, Wisconsin.
Colonel Iutler, of Lewistown, Pa.
Mrs. Butler, (wife of the above,) Lewis
town, Pa.
Bernard Butler, Clerk in the Surveyor
ixeneral s ()ffice, Harri.sburg.
Mrs. Phillips, of Ohio.
A daughter of Mrs. Phillips, aged about 15
years.
Another daughter of Mrs. Phillips, aged
10 years.
It is said that from thirty to forty persons
were wounded—and there is no cause to
doubt the truth of the report, as it seems in
credit>le that a smaller number would be in
jured, when the list of killed is so extensive
as the above.
Among those reported wounded arc- James
P. Barr. .surveyor General, and Mrs. Wolf
mger, of Harrisburg.
fhe Imdies of the persons killed were for
warded to the West on the express train of
Sunday morning. That of Mrs. Willeti*
was brought to this city, and after being
placed in a neat coffin, was sent to New
Cumberland.
We are informed that the railroad track
was torn up for a distance of a hundred yards
or more, aud that three or four cars were
shattered to pieces. A bar of railroad iron
penetrated entirely through the body of one
of the men killed. Some of the bodies are
said to have been horrildy mutilated.
Among the parties wounded some arc re
ported as arms and legs broken, and
others sustained injuries of everv conceivable
form.
The accident is attributed to defective iron
in the axle that broke, the ear to which it
was attached having been in good condition.
Bit ire going to press a rumor reached us
that five of the persons wounded died yes
terday.
CHAMP FERGUSON.
He j* Sentenced to be Hung—The day
Ol Exetntion Fixed for the 2(Uh int.
Nashville, Oct, 9.—The papers in the
case of C hamp Ferguson, which were for
warded to W ashing ton for the President's
approval, returned today. The sentence
was read to Ferguson in his cell by Colonel
Miutter, the commandant of the post, which
was that he be hanged by the neck until he
be dead on the 20th of October between the
hours of 10 A. M. and 2' o' clock P. u Fer
guson received the announcement of this
execution with apparent unconcern. Not a
muscle of his face moved. He was taken
out. tiding this afternoon by his guards. He
is in apparent good health, and is, to all out
ward appearances, regardless of his fate.
Severe Earthquake in California.
fhe severest earthquake ever felt at San
Fiam isco occurred at a quarter before one
o clock on Sunday afternoon last, and fright
ened almost the entire population of the
city out of their houses into the streets
Services were over in most of the churches
the large congregation of the Unitarian
church was being dismissed when the shack
commenced. Ladies shrieked: all pushed
for the doors faster than they could be ac
commodated with exit. Similar scenes took
place at St. Mary s Cathedral, and at some
other churches and Sunday schools. The
rush was so great from the Catholic church
on \ allego street that the large doors to the
main entrance were carried away, and sever
al persons were injured by being trampled
upon. The walls of many buildings were
cracked in many places. Mor® or less plas
tering: fell from perhaps halt the ceilings of
the city. The entire front of a four-story
brick budding just erected on Third street,
fell outward, covering about half of that
wide street with fragments. One indepen
dently constructed chimney of the Lick
House fell and crushed through the roof of
the room, coming down upon the tables and
dishes to the astonishment of the boarders
who were taking lunch. Three of the ser
vants were injured. Two Chinamen were
badly injured by the falling of a fire wall on
Jackson street. The City Hall bell com
menced ringing from the vibration of the
tower. Ihe City Hall is damaged in the
front wall to the extent that a portion must
be rebuilt at a cost of several thousand
dollars. Ihe old Merchant's Exchange
building opposite the Custom House will
probably require re-building. Fissures two
or three inches wide were opened in the
ground in the lower part of the city, where
it is uiiidc land; and some of it was elevated
many inches above its former level. The
tide rose very high at the time of the shock,
und fell very low immediately afterwards-
Ten or eleven distinct shocks were felt after
the first shock, up to five o'clock Monday
morning, as well as a number of slighter
visitations. It is estimated that the losses
will amount to SIOO,OOO, and may exceed
that suui.
Brief accounts from Sacramento, Stock
toh and San Jose represents the shock as
the severest ever felt in those cities. It was
not felt at Marysville nor at Placerville; but
the town of Santa Cruz felt the shock more
severely than any other of the State. Sev
eral brick houses were so badly damaged
that ftartial reconstruction will be necessary
The ground along the river opened in fis
sures and spouted water like geysers The
people are unable to use some of the wells
which are either dry or filled with sand
* I FAOI F CANADA.—Within
~ r • months, from one or two
streets of the city of St. Johns, nearly one
tnref*h% laniCS , h S e takun their depar
ture for the States! Many of these were
fine joung fellows—manly, honest, and in
austrious. rhey were anxious to remain at
orne with their parents, their sisters, their
brothers, and their schoolmates, but ''times
were dull there was nothing doing, and
little prospect of improvement. The house
joiners, the blacksmiths, the masons, feared
for the coming winter, and decided not to
await flic pi'.ibahle penury that lav before
t beiu m cu-c they remained b<-re, ,S7. fohnn
1 aptr.
Politico Religious Aspects of Italy.
The Ecaiiijiliciil C'/iriufenil'itn says (hat king
V ictoi hiiHiianuel, as ho advances in |ifb, be
gins to feel the superstitious terrors of the
Koimsh Church and is filled with remorse
for the personal and political offences of |,i
past life. Hence, it is said, the reeei.t at
tempts at reconciliation with Home, which
might have Keen successful but for the blind
obstinacy of the men a lio are around the
Pope and for which the political and relig
ious reformers of Italy alike give them their
thanks. In the meantime a spirit of pens
cution has been stirred up against persons of
the Reformed faith all over Italy; and the
priests are everywhere exerting themselves
to bring up their flocks to the polling tooth
in the forthcoming elections to vote for can
didates who will support the cause of the
t hurch. II a majority can be returned in
favor of reconciliation with the Church, it is
thought they will meet with little opposition
on the part of the King. But in the mean
time the government proceeds with great
energy in its work of consolidating the newly
won liberties of the people. The Minister
of i nstruction was lately induced to resign
and bis successor has already given notice of
his intention to introduce into the new Par
liament the measure for the secularization of
the revenues of the monasteries and nun
neries which was so unaccountably with
drawn in the last session. With such pro
ject.- on foot it is plain there never can lie
real peace between Italy and Koine. There
is another measure in which the government
has displayed much energy. The cholera
made its appearance at Ancona, and com
mitted dreadful ravages among the popula
tion. The priests attempted to persuade
the people that this was Heaven s judgment
on accouct of the backslidings of the govern
ment, but the ministers faced the storm,
sent money and gifts to the town: the com
mander of the district shifted his headquar
ters iiuo the heart of the infeeted city, and
confidence and quiet were restored. It is
satisfactory to add that the pestilence has
now subsided.
Attempted Escape of Ur Mtidri.
We have obtained from an officer of the
steamer Thomas A. Scott , the full particu
iars of Dr. Mudd's attempted escape, differ
jng in many particulars from the accounts
hitherto published. The prisoners at the
lortugasarc allowed the liberty of the bland
except on the day of a vessel's departure.
At night they are expected to sleep within
the fort. The night previous to the return
of the Thomas A. Scott, Dr Mudd slept
outside the fort, in a shed, and the next
morning he quietly walked on board the
steamer, disappeard into the lowest deck,
and sent a fireman for Quartermaster Kelly,
fhis was the last that was seen of him.
Soon after he was missed at the fort, and an
officer and squad sent down to search the
vessel. On the very bottom of the vessel
lay a platform, resting on two cross beams;
the officer thrust his sword under one side,
ana the colored soldier inserted a bayonet
under the other. The roar of pain that im
mediately rose told that both sword and bar
onet had reached their mark; the platform
was raised, and Dr. Mudd arose and return
ed to his status of a captive prisoner. lie
was immediately brought to the fort and the
thumb-screws applied to him, and underthe
pressure of pain he acknowledged that Kelly
with whom he had formed an acquaintance
within a few days, had agreed to help him
to escape on the promise of receiving Mudd's
gold watch. Kelly was thereupon marched
to the fort, a drum head court-martial held,
and he was sentenced to six years' impris
onment and hard labor in the Tortugas.—
The vessel then sailed without Mudd or
Kelly, and the papers were forwarded to
Washington for confirmation.— N. Y. Tri
bune.
New Application of Paper.
I jx>r pipes are composed of paper and
Vntumeo. and the process of their manufac
ture is very simple. Paper <>i:i width equal
to the required length of the pipe, is passed
through a cistern of molten bitumen. Upon
a cylinder or core having its diameter equal
to the required bore of the pipe, this pajmr
is then wound, under pressure from a heavi
ly-Weighted cylinder, revolving in connection
with the core. This insures an equal dis
tribution ot the bitumen and compactness id
material throughout the pipe. The thick
ness, and consequently the strength of the
pipe is regulated by the amount of pap. r
coiled on the core. When the pipe leaves
the rolling machine, the core cylinder is
withdrawn, and the interior of the tube is
coated with an insoluble waterproof compo
sition. This coating protects the paper, and
forming a highly glazed surface, diminishes
the resistance of friction, an important
point as regards water pipes. A composi
tion of bitumen and sand is applied to the
exterior of the pipe, which protects it against
the evils to which iron pipes are liable. The
junction of these pipes is effected in several
ways; where they arc to be subjected to
pressure a flanged iron coupling is need. In
thiscase the end of the pipe is forced acain t
the inner projecting flange of a suitably for
med iron socket, and an annular space of
wedge section is then filled in with some of
the substance used in lining the tube. A
perfect and strong connection is thtw made
.K'twecn the iron socket and the pipes, which
arc then jointed together by screw holts pass
ing through the iron flanges. An india rub
ber washer between the faces of the flanges
serves to make the joint water-tight. These
pipes offer a strong resistance to external
and internal pressure. In a paper read be
fore the institution of engineers in Scotland
by Mr. O. Marquet, it is stated that hitu
mcnized paper pipes of three inches, four
inches, and li ve inches diameter, and half
an inch-in thickness, have been tested Imth
singly and joined together, and have b. cn
found to withstand a pressure of five hmi
dred pounds on the square inch without
showing the least sign of weakness either in
the pipe itself or at the joints. Compared
with iron pipes, the specific gravity of those
of bitumeuized paper is as one to five, while
the cost of the latter is stated to l>e about
one-half that of the former.
A GREAT NATURAL Cnu sm.— The
Sentinel, published at Jack ou- Cle, Oregon
oi the I— tli
zens returned l.i week from a v.-it to the
great Sunken Like, situa cd ii, Can tide
Mountains about seventy-five mil: s north
east tn.ni Jacksonville. Tin i.ik<- rivals the
fatuous valley of Sinbad the ,r It is
thought to average 2,000 feet down'to the
water all round. The walls an- .-.'most t>cr
nendieular, running down int.. :h water and
leaving no beach. The depth nl "he water
is unknown, and its surface is smooth and
unruffled, as if lies so far below tin* surface
or the mountain that the air eun cuts do not
afreet it.. Its length is estimated at twelve
miles, and its wcUtli at ten. Tl. is an Is
land in its "outre having trees up m it. No
living man ever was and probably '■ vcr will,
be able to reach the water's edge. It lies
silent, still and mysterious, in the Uisoai of
the everlasting hills, like a lrtice well
scooped out by the hands of the giant genii
of the mountains, in the unknown avsgone
by, around it the primeval forests watch and
ward are keeping. The visiting pa; t.\ fired
a rifle several times into the water, ai an an
gle of forty-five degrees, and were able to
note several seconds of time from the report
of the gun until the ball struck the water
i Uoii seeuis incredible, but is vouehed for
by some of our most reliable citizens. The
lake is certainly a most remarkable < u.iosi
ty.
~ Secretary of the Interior has notified
the neifie bail road Company of the accept
ance ot their proposition for the location of
the new line. Che maximum grade of the
road nas been fixed at 30 feet.
I he Supreme Court of Illinois has sustain
ed ihe action ot the Slate Treasurer ifi refus
ing to pay the Legis'uture in gold,