fedfvttl gmptiro.
BKBFORD PA., FRIDAY, J865.
GUERRILLA WARFARE.
Our trans-atlantic cousins, backed by the
Copperheads, were wont to tell us on ail oc
casions, since the rebellion began to decline,
that the overthrow of the rebel armies
would only be the commencement of the
horrors of war. The armies of the Con
federacy they claimed would spread over the
entire Southern territory as one vast swarm
of locusts carrying death and destruction to
every antagonistic obstacle. Armies were
to be swept out of existence by detachments,
loyal and patriotic citizens murdered, prop
erty destroyed, the nation scarred until the
whole land bore the appearance of the pas
sage of the angel of destruction. Happiiy
for us, however, the aristocratic savans of
Europe, and their tory allies in this country
are no better at divining the future than
persons who have not set themselves up as
prophets. For our part we have never
supposed for a moment that guerrilla war
fare could be successfully carried on after
the destruction of the great armies which
were its neueleus, and the individual who
could eome to this conclusion, understand
ing the topography of our country, did so
because be desired the inauguration of such
a system of murder and rapine.
The last few weeks have entirely solved
this much cherished and skillfully cultivated
theory. Since the surrender of the armies of
Lee and Johnston the guerrilla chiefs have
given up all hope of success, and abandoned
their ignominious eause by surrendering
or disbanding their cut-throats. This is the
case of Jeff. Thompson and Mosby. A
few short weeks ago and these worthies
commanded the admiration of every
sympathizer throughout the world, to-day
there are ' 'none to do them reverence.'' To
these characters pre-emanently did the rebels
at heart look for the great feats which were
to tire out the Government and compel it to
acknowledge Southern Rights ; and we may
justly-assert that no men in the country
understood what could be done in this
respect than the two chieftains above nam
ed. They were acquainted with every foot
of territory, had the confidence ol the
Southern masses and the daring to execute
the most hellish designs. They have seen
the futility of such a course and they have
abandoned the cause. In the next sixty
days not an armed foe of any magnitude will
be found from the Potomac to the Rio
Grande. So much for the last speculation
of the enemies of the republic; the last hope
is gone, and the United States to-day,
stands the proud mistress of the continent.
PUNISHMENT OF REBEL LEADERS.
The war is virtually at an end. Peace is
at hand, and with its return, come grave
questions of state to be discussed and deci
ded. Prominent among these is the dispo
sition to be made of the leaders of the re
bellion. There are those among us, who
are ready and willing to advocate a general
pardon and restoration to political privileg
es. Leading journals have not hesitated to
speak approvingly of such a scheme. Fawn
ing, sycophantic, newspaper correspondents
have hastened to pay their respects to the
Arch Traitor Lee, and with characteristic
eagerness their employers have published,
without a word of disapproval, his misera
blejplea of the exploded State Rights doc
trine, as an excuse for his treason. We are
not of the number of those who harbor
feelings offrevenge, but in a spin justice,
tempered with mercy, we would demand,
that the leading officers and instigators of
the rebellion be punished to the full extent
merited by the magnitude of their crimes.
Some will no doubt say that General Lee
is an honorable man, that Jeff. Davis is a
high-toned gentleman, and therefore they
mftlb dealt with. Hon
contradictions in terms. Let there be no
such sickly sentimentality in our dealings
with perjured traitors. Let there be a full,
free pardon and exemption from confiscation
and disfranchisement for the well meaning
but ignorant and misguided masses; for
their intelligent but wicked, peijurud, trait
orous, leaders a gallows high as Hainan's.
Let them be divided into three classes, and
* the most prominent, such as Lee and Davis,
be punished with the most ignominious
death known to our laws, so that the most
fertile imagination may not he able to throw
about them the slightest film of romance.
Let treason be made odious. Let the peo
ple be taught that it is not only a crime,
but the highest crime known to civil laws.
Let the second class be expatriated and the
third disfranchised. These three classes
should include every unrepenting rebel who
is likely to exercise an influence prejudicial
to peace and good will. The punishment
of the first is necessary, in order, that a
wholesome fear and respect for the laws
may be engendered, that of the second and
third, that those, who have been in open
and wiliing rebellion, may not be able to
seize the reins of state government and
wield them to the prejudioe of the Union
and of Loyal citizens, but that loyal men
may be able to control them and shape their
poliqy in the interest of freedom, education
and industry. In such a policy alone can
we have any guarantee of future peace and
tranquility.
NEGRO SUFFRAGE.
The New York papers are discussing the
expediency of conferring the right of suf
frage upon the freedom of the South. As
an instance of the astonishing progress
made by that class of newspapers, which
was until recently the strenuous advocates of
the "divine institution" and was sorely
exercised with vague fears of amalgamation
and miscegenation, we print the following
extracts from the New York World , and the
HeraliL
The World says:
If, after order and stability are restored
in the South, the Southern people shall see
fit to admit the freedmen to a participation
in the elective franchise, it may be wise and
politic for them to do so. But this is a mat
ter of which they are the exclusive judges.
As a question of State policy it is one of the
very first magnitude. We are of opinion
thai; the next generation of nearoet vriU other
luwe the mffrage or perturb tn* State. If the
negro population of the South was as small
in proportion as that of the Northern states,
the question might be decided either way
without peril to the public tranquility. In
different Northern States it has been decided
variously, and there is nothing on the face of
society to show that one mode of deriding it u
not fust as good as another. In some of the
Northern States we have universal negro
suffrage ; in others, negro suffrage with a
property qualification; in others, no negro
suffrage at all Our negro population is so
insignificant that all these methods are
equally and perfectly safe. But in some of
the Southern States, the negroes approxi
mate in numbers to the whites. We do not
believe that, in such States, the colored
population, when possessing freedom and
the means of education can be permanently
excluded from the dectivefranchise.
The Herald remarks :
The exclusion of free negroes from the
right of suffrage is a necessity of negro sla
very, but where slavery does not exist there
is no such necessity. Give the emancipated
negroes of the rebol States, then, in the re
construction of those States, the right to
vote along with the whites.. There need be
no fear that this concession will lead to ne
gro social equality. Negroes vote in New
York, and yet in New x ork there is no ap
proach to negro social equality. Society will
take care of itself in the matter, as it does
in everything else affecting its peace and
harmony.
After such sentiments from such sources
what will Wendell Phillips, Lloyd Garrison
and Gerret Smith do, their occupation will
be gone, their thunder stolen, their mission
ended. We confess that we had not expec
ted,-and were somewhat surprised at so
sudden and radical a change, but as it is, so
be it
THE BREAKING UP OF OUR ARM V.
The great volunteer army of the Union is
in process of disruption. The old Army of
the Potomac has already ceased to exist as a
unitary body, and the ranks of its various
corps are in process of depletion. The old
Army of Sherman is terminating its long
battle march which began at Atlanta one
year ago, by marching into Virginia, where
in a short time its body will be regularly dis
solved. All over the land —in the hospitals
at the recruiting rendezvous, and in the
camps—soldiers are receiving honorable dis
charges from the service in which they have
done such noble and effective work. We
suppose the month of May will not have
passed before our army will be reduced to
one-quarter of the strength at which it has
been maintained during the last three
years.
It is an immense work that this American
Volunteer Army has achieved. Immense
suffering they have borne ; sublime heroism
they have exhibited. Immortal honors they
have won.
They return to their homes with the grand
consciousness that they have effected their
work, that they have crushed the Rebellion,
saved the Union, and won for themselves and
for us a country.
The army will be resolved into the great
body of the citizens of the republic. For
eign critics —ignorant of America and the
character of its people and its army—have
often told us what a dangerous body this
army would be to the country at large if ev
er it achieved victory in the South. We
knew this to he nonsense ; and now we will
show its falsehood to the world. The men
who left their farms, their workshops, tneir
stores and their offices to don the army blue
and shoulder the musket, will now doff their
military costume and return to the peaceful
avocations of civil life —never again to take
up arms, unless their country is again men
aced, when they will do it with an alacrity
equal to that they have already exhibited.
We welcome home our brave soldiers.
Let their country receive them with pride
and gratitude, and let every one do all in his
power to give them place and practical aid in
the pursuits and professions which they may
desire to enter. — Tribune.
STABILITY OF THE REPUBLIC.
There can be no doubt that the absolutist
statesmen of Europe have looked toward
the United States for an exemplification of
their dogma, that the fatal weakness of a
this theory, they have confidently predicted
a failure of the present war, as an effort to
maintain national unity. They have asser
ted its cause to have been the original want
of a sufficiently cohesive element. They
have been quick to accept our rapid growth
as an unnatural one, only awaiting a suffi
cient test to be annihilated at a blow. Their
surprise will be great when they hear that
the rebel generalissimo has laid down his
arms;—that the rebel president wanders
for a hiding place without capital or cabi
net; —that the war office has lost its army,
the treasury its doubtful treasurers, the ter
ritory its every port But we doubt if any
fact will obtrude itself with such startling
significance upon their minds as the fact
that the republican system has recovered
within a week from a shock which would
probably have been fatal to any monarchical
polity—the successful assassination of the
executive. We are taught from experience
what has been the fate of those European
nations whose sovereignshave fallen beneath
the sudden blow of conspirators. If they
have not become the immediate prey for an
anarchy which has overturned every vestige
of law and regular succession, they have in
variably groped along in confusion and con
stant danger for months, sometimes for
years. We have presented to them the
distasteful but potent truth, that the execu
tive officer of a republic, as well as the po
litical existence of a king, never dies ; nay,
that its existence is never so vigorous as
when encompassed by a great danger.—
With what surprise will those statesmen
regard our quick recovery from the shock
of assassination, (who fear or hope for a more
successful Orsini, as they desire the per
petuity or the downfall of the French Em
pire ! The events of the last two weeks
are prolific with experience ; and if they
teach any thing, they teach that the fate of
the American Union hangs not on a single
life, that its fabric rests not upon a founda
tion which even a united South can loosen.
To the chagrin of the Roebucks and the
Bonapartes, it will now be said in Europe,
that the test has come, and the model re
public emerges triumphant from its trial.
The lat phase of revolution was added to
our lot when President Lincoln fell by an
assassin's hand. The only crisis before not
experienced was then experienced. That
peril—perhaps the most formidable of all—
the peril of a nation without a directing
hand in the midst of civil war—we have
passed with no misfortune, thanks to that
republican stability, the existence of which
monarchical Europe haa thought to deny,
but which is now no longer a theory yet un
trie3, but a fact of history. If Lincoln's
death has filled us with an universal grief,
it has also had this good result, that we can
now claim to have undergone with success
every test of stability known to the experi
ence of nations. — Boston Daily Advertiser.
NATIONAL DEBT AND U. S. STOCKS.
The creation of' national debts is not a
modern improvement, but the ability of a
great nation to provide for a great debt, and
to make it the most convenient and best
form of personal property, is a modern
wondei. The debt of Great Britain was
begun by raising a million sterling by loan
in 1692, and when her great contest with
Louis XIV, was terminated, the debt had
reached fifty millions. Many statesmen
and economists were then alarmed at the
great burden which had been imposed upon
the industry of the country, but when the
war of the Austrian succession had swelled
this amount to eighty millions, Maeauly
says that historians and orators pronounced
the ca; to be desperate. But when war
again broke out, and the national debt' was
rapidly carried up to one hundred and forty
millions, men of theory and business both
pronounced that the fatal day had certainly
arrived David Humasaid that, although,
by taxing its energies to the utmost, the
country might possibly live through it, the
experiment must never be repeated,—oven
a small increase might be fatal. Granville
said the nation must sink under it unless
some portion of the load was borne by the
American Colonies, and the attempt to im
pose this load produced the war of the revo
lution, and instead of diminishing, added
another huudred millions to burden. Again,
says Macaulay, was England given over, but
again she was more prosperous than ever
before. But when at the close of her Na
poleonic wars, in 1846, this debt bad been
swelled up to the enormous sum of over
'eight hundred millions sterling, or four
thousand three hundred million dollars, or
nearlv one half the entire property of the
United Kingdom, the stoutest heart, the
firmest believer in National progress and
national development, might well have been
appalled. But in the very face of this
mountain obligation, —to say nothing of Ker
vast colonial possessions,—the property of
the British nation has been more than treb
led, and her debt is now a charge of but 12*
per cent, against it. All that Great Brit
ain has done in paying her debt, we shall
do, and more, with ours. We have vast
territories untouched by the plow, mines of
all precious metals of which we have hardly
opened the doors, a population full of life,
energy, enterprise and industry, and the ac
cumulated wealth of money and labor of the
old countries pouring into the lap of our
giant and ever-to-be-united republic. Du
ring the fiercest and most exhausting of all
possible wars, we have demonstrated our
national strength—and all the world over,
national strength is but another name for
national credit. "As good as United
Stocks'" will soon be synonymous the world
with "as eood as British Consols."
For our part, we think a IT. ts. i reasury
note, bearing seven and three-tenths annual
interest , is just as much better than British
Consols as the rate of interest is higher.
Some of our timid brethren, who shipped
their gold to London and invested in con
sols, are now glad to sell out and invest at
home at a round loss,—and serves them
right.
A CHANGE OF BASE.—The individual,
who recently wrote a letter explanatory of
the Poor House report, has come to the
conclusion that letters of explanation are
not his forte. He has now fallen back upon
his dignity and appeals to the public for
a vindication of his character. We think
that with his report and letter of explana
tion before them, the public will have no
great difficulty in making up their verdict.
PITIABLE.—The case of the man about
town who write editorials on ajnipromi.se.
From the London News of April Vlth.
American Claims on England.
At length it seems to be admitted that the
tide ot fortune in America has changed.
Our public men and public writers no lon
ger speculate upon tne establishment of a
new Confederacy of Southern slave owners.
Even journals who have been most constant
to the cause of secession assume that the
game is lost, and that before long the icon
tending parties will come to some agreement
and lay down their arms. The question
which now occupies publicattention is, what
course the American Government will pur
sue towards this country when the war is
over. Will the vast armies which have
overrun the Slave States, and threaten to
overwhelm the last hope of the Confederacy
quietly dissolve, each man returning to the
held of peaceful labor ; or, intoxicated with
success, will they pour across the St. Law
rence, and strive to inflict upon this country
a crushing humiliation? The question is
indeed momentous, and the recent debates
on the Canada defences prove that the opin
ions of the most prominent men in Parlia
ment furnish slight consolation for those who
look for united counsel in a great emer
gency.
It may be fairly assumed that no reasona
ble man, either on this or on the other side
of the Atlantic, would desire war. No doubt
if any such danger should threaten the
two countries, the effort of every statesman
in the world wo.'ld be directed to avert so
terrible a calamity. The real question is
whether the statesmen on either side would
be as powerful as they would be willing, and
this can only be solved by considering the
nature of "the fierce democracy'' which is
so much dreaded by some people in this
country.
But even if the people of the United States
were more disposed to engage in war than
they appear to be, it is difficult to discern
any signs of the coming stonn. What are
the wrongs of which these quarrelsome peo
ple of the Union complain, and which shoui'd
lead to hostilities ? It is singular that the
only question upon which any difficulty is
now felt is that of the losses inflicted by the
Alabama. Our New York correspondent
distinctly says that there is a general feel
ing on this subject in America, and he hits
no doubt that a demand will be made upon
the English Government for a sum of money
to compensate the losses inflicted by that
cruiser
There was indeed, a time when this might
have led to disagreeable consequences.—
\\ ith a rashness scarcely pardonablo, states
men and public writers declared that the
questions connected with the Alabama were
settled, and that_ they should never even be
referred to arbitration. But fortunately
these expressions have been withdrawn.
The Prime Minister in his place in Parlia
ment has admitted that there are claims on
either side, and that they ought, of coarse
to be referred to some impartial
tribunal; and some of tho 'most violent ad
versaries of the United States in the press
have adopted the same view. It would be
strange indeed if it were otherwise. 1- or be
itobserved, there is no dispute as to any le
gal principle. The law is admitted by both
governments. The American Government
uoesnot, of course, insist thata neutral power
is always responsible for the acts of hostile
cruisers equipped in its ports. There may
be cases in which a neutral government may
have failed to arrest au aimed cruiser, not
withstanding the utmost But a
neutral government is re-ponsiblc if it ne
glects to exercise due vigilance, and by this
neglect an armed cruiser is permitted to es-
!rhese are legal principles admitted .by
both governments. The whole question is
simply whether there was or was not neglect
in tnc ease of the Alabama. It is a question
of fact, which in a dispute between individ
uals would be determined by a jury, and in
a dispute between nations ought to be de
termined by some impartial judges, selected
by both parties. It is idle to suppose, after
what has been said in Parliament, that the
people of this country would engage in war
rather than refer this question of disputed
fact to arbitration, and the Americans are
of much the same way of thinking.
With two people so bent upon keeping
the peace as the people of this country and
the people of the United States appear to be
and with the only matter of dispute reduced
to a simple question of fact, which both sides
are ready to refer arbitration, it Is surely not
unreasonable to believe that the peace be
tween this country and America may be pre
served, though the civil war were to cease
to-morrow.
NAFOLEON'S PROPOSED ALLIANCE.
i' J
The following is tlie full statement of the
London Morning concerning the
reported alliance betteen France and Eng
land for the "protection of Mexico" —al-
ready referred to : I
"On receipt of the- news of the fall of
Richmond, Louis Japoleon proposed to
Lord Cowley, that ; England and France
should, by a treaty offensive and defen'ive,
make common cause against the United
States of America; that in the event of Can
ada being attacked by them, France should
assist England with al her land and sea for
ces and that in tho 'vent of the Unitffl
States "openly or overtly attacking the
Emperor Maximillian. or in any wise en
dangering his throne,' England should, in
conjunction with Fraiee, "defend and sup
port Maximillian in fie simc manner arid
on the same a- they sustained the
Sultan of Turkey agahst the aggression of
Russia."
"I do not know how thi very cool overture
has been received by our government, hut
we know what its empta'ic answer ought to
to be. On the re-asserut ing of Parliament
next week, this important subject is sure to
receive immediate atten' ion, and the idea
will be denounced in the strongest language
which Parliamentary not ons of propriety
will allow. Still mori d< p will be the in
dignation of the coujtn at the proposal :
for the whole nation still smarts at the re
membrance of the maont • in which Louis
Napoleon treated us ij our unfortunate alli
ance with him in the case of the Crimean
war. Were ministers to entertain the idea
of the proposed alliane :ven for a day, it
would kindle a flame in tl e national bosom
which would be producti e of more serious
effect than the overthrow of a cabinet."
Important Decision.
A decision involving the liability of a rail
road company for the baggage of a passen
ger, lost in passing over t mnecting roadsfor
which the ticket was sold has recently been
decided lor the ctfnpanj. Tho<Ml,.c tfao that
of Swarzcnbergir against the Pennsylvania
Railroad Company, and vas an action for
the recovery of tkmages tor the loss of a car
pet bag containiig clothing to the amount
of $728 in gold, and a wsteh and chain val
ued at $l3O. Tie plaint ff took passage at
Philadelphia forCincinn; ti.
The Court, (Strong, J. I held that the de
fendants are not common carriers except be
tween Philadelphia and Pittsburgh. They
were under no obligation to carry the plain
tiffbeyond the termination of their route, or
to transport his lutgage. It is true they re
ceived the fare forthe whole distance from
Philadelphia to Chcinnati. and if that were
all, it might raise ii presumption of an agree
ment to carry ovei the entire route between
the two cities. But contemporaneously
with the receipt oithe fare, and as evidence
of the contract iqto which they entered,
they gave the plintiff a ticket informing
him that they assigned no responsibility for
his carriage, and <f course for the carriage
of his luggage, beytnd Pittsburgh. They no
i*!;" .tiat tftgy only as agents for
the carriers, whye route extended westward
from Pittsburg, a;d norjat all for themselves.
With this express disclaimer of personal li
ability, there is nt possibility of implying an
agreement. TheplaintifTs remedy is not
against them butagainstthe company which
undertook for tfcit portion of the route
upon which the tirpet bag was lost.
JEFF DAVIS' SPECIE LOST.—Colonel
Clark of the Rebe army, who was captured
by one of ourscoiting parties while endeav
oring to escape fr>m Richmond on one of
the last trains froq the doomed city, asserts
that he was in change of all the specie which
was removed from Richmond ; that when
his train broke dojrn, and he found it im
possible to get it oi the track and off again,
and seeing our Dices approaching, he or
dered it set on file, and t lat all his efforts
to save the spade were unavailing : that
the soldiers broki open the kegs, and antid
the excitement aid tumult, soldiers and cit
izens appropriatcc all there was. He asserts
that he knows tint no other amounts of spe
cie, not in the pickets ol its owners, were
taken from Richiaond, ai d that this lot was
all stolen. He states urther that the
amount hasjbeen lastly o\ cr-estiniated, and
confirms the statement heretofore made by
General Grant, that it ■. mounted only to
about $200,000. Colonel Clark was an old
regular army otfier, pre\ ions to the break
ing out of the war and is a near relative of
one of our most distinguished naval officers,
to whom he comnunicated the above state
ments. He is stil a prisoner in our hauds,
and his truthfulmss is not doubted by any.
PRICES IN RAIEIGH, N. C.—Among the
many sudden chsnges of the last few days,
that in prices it very ,-triking. We can
scarcelj* realize saying so many cents for so
many dollars, ant then the occasional clink
of silver almost astonishes our ears, so long
unaccustomed to such sounds. As yet there
has been nothing brought to market; but
bacon formerly $lO per p mnd can now be
had for 10 cents. Coffe< is 50 cents per
pound, instead ofsso, aid so on. These
figures seem strange to us and it will take
us some days to become familiarized with
them, but no doubt we sh ill become adapted
to them with wonderful fa ibty. Tt is some
thing agreeable to learn, and we shall prove
apt scholars.# Greenbacks, with a sprink
ling of coin, have already made their appear
ance among our citizens, and we feel that we
have money once more in our midst. The
bringing our money to market in a basket
and carrying home our purchase in our pock
et, we expect to reverse the order. In fact
starvation no longer stares us in the face as
it did, and we feel a sen -e of security we
have not felt for a long time. — Raleigh Pro
gress.
THE county tax for 1865 in Montgomery
county has been fixed at four mills on the
dollar ; bounty tax, two per cent, and per
capita or head tax $1 to each person. Last
year the bounty tax in this county was three
per cent.
MOVEMENTB OF JEFFEESOH DAVIS.
Operations of Htone man's Force#*
The pursuit of Jeff Davis to be con
tinued "as tony as there is a horse
left."—Direct Telegraph communi
cation icith Macon.
KNOXVIIXE, May 2.
A man on one of the railroad trains cap
tured byStoneman's cavalry, between Greens
burg and Salisbury, says J elf Davis was on
the same train, on his way to Charlotte, S.
C., but learning the railroad was cut above
and below, he, with other passeagers, es
caped and returned to Greensburg.
Stoneman's cavalry is now in the valley of
of the Saluda river, with headquarters at
Andersonville, S. C., and are scouting from
there towards Augusta, Ga., with instruc
tions that if they can hear of Jeff Davis and
his treasure, to follow him as long as there
is a horse left.
The infantry portion of Stoneman's com
mand is engaged in clearing the mountains
of bushwhackers, guerrillas and horse thieves
and arc making clean work.
KNOXVILEK, May 2—lo P. M.
Information from Stoneman's cavalry
states that Jeff Davis was at Yorkville, S.
C., on the29th ult.. and Stoneman's forces
came in on the following day. Davis has
one day's start of Stoneinan.
WASHINGTON, May 3.
A distinguished army officer this morning
mentioned as a fact that there is now tele
graphic communication between Macon and
Washington, a portion of tho lines extending
through Georgia, South Carolina and North
Carolina, where we have no troops.
He also stated that the same wires which
were but recently used by the rebels, are
now used in transmitting the President's
proclamation offering rewards for the arrest
of Jeff Davis and others.
The Navy Department will, in a short
time, sell many of the wooden vessels which
were purchased to meet pressing emergen
cies.
Narrow Escape of Davis. —He and
Ilis parti/ surrounded.—News of his
capture soon expected.
WASHINGTON, May 8.
Official intelligence has reached Washing
ton, that on the 4th inst., Jeff. Davis and
his confrerees were surprised and nearly cap
tured by Stoneman's forces, at Washington.
Ga., that this rebel party beat a confused
and hasty retreat before Stoneman's men
came upon them, and that although Jeff,
and his company for the time eluded the
pursuit of our troops, they are entirely sur
rounded, and there is scarcely a possibility
of escape. News is momentarily' expected
of the capture of the rebel President and
party.
THE THE KTJRDER
Indignant disclaimer by Beverly
Tocher. — The assassins to be sur
rendered by Canada.
MONTREAL, May 4.
Beverly Tucker, for whom a reward of
$25,000 has been offered by the United States
Government, publishes a letter saying that
whoever asserts that he had anything to do
with the assassins, or knowledge of the plot
to capture Lincoln or Seward, blackens his
soiil with perjury. He never heard of Booth
or any of the others arrested, before the as
sassination, and he was not here when Booth
was. He has sent for a eopy of the evi
dence so as to disapprove it
The Herald's Washington special says :
Our Consul-General in Canada has given
notice to the authorities that all the crimi
nals connected with tne assassinaiiun of
President Lincoln must be surrendered to
the United States authorities.
The Assassination Abroad.
FATHER POINT, L. C., May 8.
The Hibernian arrived off this point this
morning.
The news by the IYava Scotia of the as
sassination of Mr. Lincoln was published
throughout England on the 26th of April,
and created profound sensation. The stron
gest feelings of sympathy, indignation and
horror were universally expressed, and those
who sympathized with the South evinced
quite as much indignation as the warmest
iriends of the North. In all places it was
the .all-pervading topic, and caused almost a
total suspension of Business, particularly in
Liverpool and Manchester.
On Wednesday there tras only a day ses
sion of Parliament. The attendance was
very slim, only about 60 members being
present. They all signed the following ad
dress which was presented the same evening
to Mr.
"We, the undersigned, incmbcio of tV.
House of Commons, nave learned with the
deepest regret and horror that the President
of the United States has been deprived of
life by an act of violence, and we desire to
express our sympathy at the sad event to
the American Minister now in London, as
to declare onr hope and confidence in the
future of that gecat country, which we trust
will couiinue to beassociated with enlighten
ed freedom, and peaceful relations with this
and every other country."
The Times of the 27th says : "This eve
ning it may be expected that the leaders of
the great parties in the House of Commons
will take the opportunity of expressing, in
ths name of the nation, the horror which is
everywhere felt at crime, and of assuring
the American people that, whatever differ
ence of opinion may exist in this country as
to the present war, there is but one feeling
of sympathy with them at the loss of an hon
est and highminded Magistrate."
The London and provincial journals alike
describe the intense excitement which the
news created, and all unite in warm eulogi
ums upon Mr. Lincoln, and bitter denunci
ations of the assassination.
Rebel attempt to introduce the Yellow
Fever into the North.
, HALIFAX, N. S., May 6.
Bermuda papers contain long accounts of
the judicial investigations now being held
at St. George's of theattempt of Dr. Black
burn to introduce the yellow fever into
New York, Philadelphia and other Northern
cities.
Blackburn visited Bermuda ostensibly on
a philanthropic mission, in connection with
the causes of tho yellow fever, and the evi
dence shows he collected while there, bed
ding and clothing taken from fever patients,
that he purchased and infected new eloth
iug, which he packed in trunks and left in
chaige of parties, with orders to forward
them to i\ew York in the spring.
One witness testified that Blackburn rep
resented himself as a Confederate agent,
whose mission was the destruction of the
Northern masses.
It was also shown that several persons
connected with the agency of the Confeder
ate States were cognizant of these facts.
There were ton trunks, three of which have
been found and the contents buried by the
board of health. Blackburn is well known
in these provinces as a leading and ultra
Reliel.
Til E most extensive glassware factories in
the United States are located at Pittsburg.
In that city are fifteen bottle and vial facto
ries, doing a business of $2,100,000 per
year ; fifteen window-glass factories, avera
ging 400,000 boxes of glass per year, worth
$2j600,000 ; and fifteen flint-glass factories,
doing an annual business of $2,000,000.
Total value of their business nearly $7,000
000.
PROCLAMATION BY THE BBESI
DEFT.
The Bay of Humiliation and Prtiy
er I'ostjHmeil— Tin- First of June
Appointed Instead of tlw 'l!ith of
By the President of the United States :
A PROCLAMATION.
Whereas, by my proclamation of the 25th
instant, Thursday, the 25th day of next
month, was recommended as a day of spe
cial humiliation and prayer, in consequence
of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln,
late President of the United States; but
whereas my attention has since been called
to the fact that the day aforesaid is sacred
to a large number of Christians as ope of
rejoicing for the ascension of the Savior.
Now. therefore, be it known that I, AN
DREW JOHNSON, President of the
do hereby suggest that the
religious services aforesaid should be post
poned until, Thursday, the first day of June
next.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set
my hand and caused the seal of the Uni
ted States to be affixed. Done at the
city of Washington, this 29th day of April
in the year of our Ijord 1865, and of the
Independence of the United States the
eighty-ninth.
ANDREW JOHNSON.
By the President:
W. HUNTER, Acting Secretary of State.
PENNS YLNA NIA, SE.:
In the Name and by the Authority
of the Commonwealth of Pendsyl
vania, Andrew G. Curtin, Govern
or of the Said Commonwealth.
A PROCLAMATION.
, , WHEREAS, The President of the
| r- s. [ United States has, by his procla
-1 > —.—■ > liiation, fixed the Ist day of June
next as a day of humiliation and mourning
for the deatn, by assassination, of our late
beloved President, Abraham Lincoln, and
for humbling ourselves before Almighty
God, in order that the bereavement may be
sanctified to the nation.
And whereas, It is mo3t fit and meet that
said proclamation, harmonizing as it does
with all our feelings and spmpathies, should
be everywhere respectfully obeyed :
Now, therefore, I, ANDREW G. CUR
TIN, Governor of the said Commonweolth,
do issue this my proclamation, earnestly
recommending the people of this Common
wealth to set apart THURSDAY, the first
day of June next, as a day of humiliation
and mourning, and in conformity with the
President's proclamation, then to assemble
in their respective places of worship, there
to unite in solemn service to Almighty God,
in memory of the good man who has been
removed ; so that all shall be occupied at
the same time in contemplation of his vir
tues and in sorrow for his sudden and vio
lent end.
Given under my hand and the Great Seal
of State, at Hairisburg. this fourth day
of May, in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five and
of the Commonwealth the eighty-ninth.
By the Governor : _ _
ELI SLIFER.
See'y of the Commonwealth.
IMPORTANT PROCLAMATION.
lie*rants for Prominent Rebels—
Jeff. Doris, Clay, Thompson, San
ders, Cfeary, and Tucker.
A Washington dispatch of May 3d gives
the following important proclamation :
WHEREAS, It appears from evidence in
the Bureau of Military that the
atrocious murder of the late President,
Abraham Lincoln, and the attempted assas
..inaoion of" VVm FT Steward, Secretary of
State, was incited, concerted and procured
by and between Jeff. Davis, late of Rich
mond, Virginia, and Jacob Thompson,
Clement C. Clay, Beverly Tucker, George
N. Sanders, W. C. Clearv, and other reb
els and traitors, against the Government of
the United States, harbored in Canada —
Now. therefore, I. ANDREW JOHN
SON, President of the United States, do
offer for said persons, or either of them, the
following :
Fifty thousand dollars for the arrest of
Jeff. Davis, $25,000 for the arrest of Clem
eut C. Clay, $25,000 for the arrest of Jacob
Thompson, late of Mississippi, $25,000 for
the arrest of George N. Sanders, $25,000
for the arrest of Beverly Tuckor, and $ 10,000
for the arrest of William C. Clearj', late
clerk of Clement C. Clay.
The Provost Marshal General is directed
to cause a description of said persons, with
a notice of the above rewards, to be pub
lished.
In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set
my hand, and caused the seal to be affixed.
Done at Washington this second day of
May, in the year of our Lord one thou
sand eight hundred uud sixtj-fivo.
ANDREW JOHNSON.
By W. HUNTER, Acting See'y ofState.
The Return of the Pennsylvania Troops
to their Homes.
HARRIS BTTRG, May 5.
Governor Curtin goes to Washington to
day, for the purpose of arranging with the
War Department the localities at which
Pennsylvania troops are to be mustered out
of the service and paid.
The Pennsylvania regiments in Sherman's
army, it is now understood, will be brought
to Harrisburg, where they will be mustered
out and paid. The object of the Governor
is to prevent the delay and embarrassment
which have heretofore attended the muster
ing out and payment of troops at this post,
and make arrangements by which the men
will be able to reach their homes in different
parts of the State, with the least possible
delay.
Health of Secretary Seward and Son.
WASHINGTON, May 6—9 p. m.
To Hon. E. M. Stanton:
I have the honor to report that the Sec
retary of State is better than at any time
since his injury.
Mr. F. Seward's condition is most encour
aging.
[Signed.] J. K. BARNES,
Surgeon General.
NEW YORK, May 6.—The Times Wash
ington special says:
The condition of Mr. Seward is such that
there is every prospect of his resuming his
official duties within a week or ten days.
tef*Twenty-one States, including Louisi
ana, Tennessee and Arkansas, have now,
through their Legislatures, ratified the Con
stitutional Amendment abolishing slavery.
There is no doubt but that New Hampshire,
Connecticut, lowa, Oregon and California
will follow their example in due season.
The assent of but one more member of the
Union will then be required to make the
Amendment the law of the land, provided
Louisiana, Tennessee and Arkansas are rec
ognized as organized States. Some ex-slave
State will in that case, have the honor of
gmngthe casting vote for freedom. Will
it be Kentucky, North Carolina or Florida?
As to Delaware and New Jersey, they oc
cupy the unenviable position of dogs in the
manger, endeavoring to delay what tnev can
not hope to prevent. The Amendment will
be passed in spite of them, and by the votes
ot states a thousand times more deeply in
terested in the perpetuity of the accursed
institution, and more vitally affected by its
abolition, than these free and semi-free me
nials of the slave power have ever been or
ever can be.—-JV. ¥. Tribune.
FRO* FOBTH CAROLIFA
ITie Beginning of Prosperous Peaee
in the State—Stave* Declared Free
in North Carolina—A Pnulatna
tion by Gov. Vance.
NEW YORK, May 7.
Raliegh letters of April 28th and 30th,
state that General Sherman and staff left that
day for Charleston and Savannah, thence
going to Richmond to meet his army which
was to leave Raleigh the next Monday.—
Sherman "has issued an order announcing
the final agreement of surrender by Johns
ton. He prohibits all foraging, and pro
vides certain ways to relieve the pressing
wants of the inhabitants.
The 10th and 23d Corps remain in the
Department of North Carolina, together
with KDpatrick's cavalry. Stoneman s cav
alry is ordered to East Tennessee, and Wil
son's to the Tennessee river, near Decatur,
Alabama.
General Howard and the Army of the
Tennessee will march to Richmond. Gen.
S locum and the Army of Georgia will also
march to Richmond.
The rebel army are all leaving for their
homes, many taking their arms with them,
and some trouble is apprehended from those
who took their arms and went away on their
own hook.
Gen. Johnston has endeavored to carry
out the terms agreed upon, but the time in
tervening- between tue first and second i
agreements caused some demoralization.
A movement is on foot to recognize the
State government.
WASHINGTON, May 7.
Gen. Schofield has issued the following
important order : HEADQUARTERS DEPART
MENT OP NORTH CAROLINA, ARMT OF THE
OHIO— RALEIGH, N. C., April 28, 1865.
To remove a doubt which seems to exist in
the minds of some of the people of North
Carolina, it is hereby declared that by virtue
of the proclamation of the President of the
United States, dut.ed January Ist, 1863, all
persons in this State, heretofore held as
slaves, are now free, and that it is the duty
of the army to maintain the freedom of guch
persons. It is recommended to former mas
ters of freedmen to employ them as hired
servants at reasonable wages, and it is rec
ommended to freedmen. that when allowed
to do so, they remain with their former mas
ters, and labor faithfully so long as they
shall be treated kindly, and paid reasonable
wages, or that they immediately seek em
ployment elsewhere iD the kind ol work to
which they are accustomed. It is not well
for them to congregate about towns or mili
tary camps. They will not be supported in
idleness.
By command of Major General Scho
field.
J. A. CAMPBELL, A. A. G.
The following is published in the Raleigh
papers of the 3d inst.:
STATE OP NORTH CAROLINA EX.DEPT., )
GREENSBOROUQH, April 28,1865. )
Whereas, By the recent surrender of the
principal armies of the Confederate States,
further resistance to the forces ol' the United
j States has become vain and would result in
i a useless waste of blood. And
Whereas, All the natural disorders atten
dant upon the disbanding of large armies
are upon us, and the country is filled with
numerous hands of citizens and soldiers dis
posed to do violence to persons and proper
ty.
Now, therefore, I, Izbnlon D. Vance,
Governor of the State of North Carolina,
in the sincere hope of averting som4 of the
many evils which threaten us, do issue
this, my proclamation, commanding all such
persons to abstain from any and all acts of
lawlessness: to avoid assembling together
in crowds in all towns and cities or doing
anything whatsoever calculated to cause ex
citement. and earnestly appealing to all good
citizens who are now at home, to remain
there, and to all soldiers of this State to re
tire quietly to their homes, and exert them
selves in preserving order, should it become
necessary for the protection of citizens. I
aho appeal to the good and true soldiers of
North Carolina, whether they have been
surrendered and paroled, or otherwise, to
unite themselves together in sufficient num
bers in the various counties of the State
under the superintendence of the civil mag
istrates thereof to elect or stay any bodies
of lawless and unprincipled men who may
be committing depredations upon the per
sons or property of peaceable citizens, assu
ring them that it will be no violation of the
parole to do so; and I would assure mv fel
low-citizens generally that under God I will
do all that may be in my power to settle the
government of the State, to restore the
civil authority in her borders, and to further
the great ends of peace, domestic tranquili
ty aud the general welfare of the people.
Without their aid I am powerless to do
anything.
By the Governor.
M. McPHETORS,
Private Secretary.
FROM THE MISSISSIPPI.
AM indefinite Armistice declared be
tween tntr Forces and Kirbi/
Smith's.—Surrender of Dick Tay
lor.—A Crevasse on tfie Mississippi.
Thirty-fire Miles of Country Inun
dated.
ST. LOUIS, May 3.
It is officially contradicted that there are
any of Jeff. Thompson's troops in southeast
Missouri, and the rumors of an invasion of
the State are without foundation.
The A ick sburgiAm Id says that the head
quarters of the Department of the Missis
sippi grants them permission to state that
an indefinite armistice through the depart
ment, beginning at 9 o'clock, on the 28th
ult.. was agreed upon by General Dana, of
the United States forces, and Genera] Hodge
commanding the rebels in that section.
NEW ORLEANS, May 3, via Cario, May 8
Gen. A. J. Smith, with his command, oc
cupied Montgomery, Alabama, on the 25th
ult., and General Steele occupied Selma on
the 27 th.
On Sunday last Gen. Canby met Dick Tay
lor 15 miles from Mobile, and opened nego
tiations for the surrender of the rebel for
ces. Nothing decisive was determined up
on* but Taylor was allowed several days to
consider the proposition. It is believed he
has acceded to the terms before this, as he
must have been influenced to that end by
the surrender of Johnston.
WASHINGTON, May 8.
Information was received at army head
quarters to-day of the final and eomplete sur
render of Dick Taylor' B forces in Alabama
and .Mississippi to General Canby.
NEW ORLEANS, April 29, via Cario, May 5,
Twobundred and sixty-seven officers, rank
ing as officers from colonels to lieutenants,
who were captured at Mobile, arrived here
to-day.
The river continues rising, though the
levee six miles below the break at Algiers
was repaired to-dey, and little damage was
done. The Times correspondent says that
the country on the east side of the Tunica
landing to Bayou Sara was completely inun
dated for thirty-five miles, causing great
Suffering. Many of the inhabitants arc in
a starving condition. Fears were entertain
ed of a more destructive overflow than had
ever occurred.
THE gross earnings of the Pennsylvania
Central Railroad for the last year were sl4,
759,066, and the expenses $10,093,944, leav
ing a balance of over four millions.
NEW two-dollar counterfeit bills on the
Farmer's Bank of Lancaster are in circula
tion.