-B F McNEIL.. Editor and Pi-oprietor.
£Jif S|n<|itim
IS PUBLISH ED
Every Friday Naming on Juliana Street,
orrooun: i hum.i j. hoi si:.
BEDFORD, BEDFORD COUNTY, PA.
TERMS:
* ..UO a j ear it paid strictly in advance,
*2.-3 if n■: *i<l within three a: -nth-, $2.50 if not paid
Within she year
Rates of Advertising,
1 >ne Square, three weeks or Jew $1 25
• "in* each additional insertion less than
three month, ..30
3 Months, 6M Eths. 1 Year.
•>ne Square. ... $3 50 $4 75 $* 00
Ivo scares * I 00 10 00
Throe square, . . 6 6# #OO 15 #0
5 Column - 12 00 20 00 35 0#
One Column .26 00 35 00 65 00
Administrators' and Executors' notices $2.50, Auditor?
notice? sl.s®, if under 10 lines. Estrays $1.25, if bat uae
hca 1 is advertised. 25 cent? on every additional head.
One square is the APACE occupied by tea lines of min
ion. Fractions of a square under five lines count as a
hal: square, and over five lines a full * ;are. Adver
tisements charred to persons handing them in.
PROFESSIONAL AND BUSINESS CARDsT
- ESdMT H. AUSIP.
$ ArrwRSET IT LAW, BEPPORS. PA„
Will faithfnlly acd promptly attend to all business en
trusted to h;.- care in Bedford and adjoining eouHties.
Military claims. Pension*, back pay. Bounty. Ac. spee
dily collected.
office with Mann A spang, on Juliana street, 3 doors
south of the iienrel House.
April 1, 1664.—tf.
J. R. Dl RBORROW,
ATTOnSET AT LAW. BEPVORD, PA.
Oilice one door south of the "Mengel House, *'
W—l attend promptly to all business intrusted to his . are
Collect! n made on the shortest notice.
Having, air.?, been regularly licensed to pr .-•••
Claims against the Government. particuiar attention will
he given to the collection of Military claims of all
kinds; Pensions. Back Pay. Bounty, Bounty Loans, Ac.
Bedford, apr. 3,1564—tf.
ALEX. US6,
ATTORVKT AT LAW.
And agent for procuring arrears of Pay and Bounty
money. Office ;>u Juliana Street, Bedford. Pa.
April 1, 1664 —tf.
KIXMELL A- UXE\EELTF.R.
ATTORVET- AT LAW. BE: FOED. P.t.
Have formed a partnership in the practice of the Law
Office en Juliana Street, two doors South of the Mer.ge!
House-
April I.lS64—tf. jB
JOIIX MAJOR.
■TTSTICe OF TRt PEACE. HOPEWELL. BEDFORD COr.TTT.
and ait business pertaining to his office will
be attended to promptly. Will *i?o attend tu the sale or
renting of real estate. Instrument? of writing carefully
prepared. Also settlinyup partnerships and other ac
counts.
April 1, IS64—tf.
IXA.XOVER.
ATTOEXET AT LAW.
BEDFORD, PA.,
April 1,1664.—1£
JOSEPH W. TATE,
ATTJOBWKT at LAW, BEDFOKD PA.
Y1"1L1 promptly attend to eolleetis-ns and all busj.ess
I V edtrasted to his care in Bedford and adjoining conn
ties. M aey advanced <tn Judgsien £. Notes and o'ber
Claims. Has for sale Town Lots, in Tatesviie, and ?t_
Joseph,: on Bedford Railroad. Farms and unim
proved land in quantities to suit purchasers.
•5 • opt*.-lie the Banking House'if Re?-d A ScheJi.
apr. 15. 1364—10 m. ,
JOHN LI TZ,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
ASTD
Regularly '.censed agent for the collection of Govern
ment elaiu '. C acf.es. back pay. pensions, Ac- will give
pr nipt attention to ail business entrusted to his eare.
Office with J. R. Darbonraw, EST., on J abaca Street.
Bedford Pa.
August 10th. 1864.—tf.
M. A. POINTS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW. Bedford. PA.
Respectfully tender* it:? proie-sivnai service* to the
, u ic. Office with J. W. Liigenfeiter, Esq- on Jcluna
-treeL two door* south of the •'.Mrric'.e House."
Bedford, lite. S. 1?64-tf.
DENTISTRY.
I. N. BOWSER, Rcident Dentist of Wood
bnry.
\\"ILL spend the second Monday, Tuesday, and Wed-
II nesday. of each :rni.h at Hopewell, the remaining
. hree day si Bloody Eur- attending to the duties of his
profession. At ail other times he can be found in his of
h:ce at VT.x,d>.iiry. excepting the last Monday and Tues
■b-j tf the same month, which he srill spend in ilartins
rg, Blair concty. Penna. Persons decking operations
-h -ald -all 'early, as time is limited. Ail operations war
ranted.
Aug. S,lS64ytf.
C. X. UU KOK. J. O. MINXICH. JR.
DENTISTS,
BEDFORD. PA.
tl tie flank ftni'ding. Jofifntt Street.
A'.! ; entries pertaining to Surgical or Mechanics!
Dentistry earefady an i faithfully performed and war
ranted.
TERMS CASH.
jano'6s-ly.
DR. B. F. HARRY,
Respectfully .enders his professional service." to the
ithen? of Bedford an I riciaky. Office and residence on
Pitt Street, in the building formerly occupied by Dr. J. H.
Jlefias.
April I, IS64—tj.
J. L. MARBOURG, M. D.
Having permanently located respectfully tenders hi?
"it ?ionv services to the tries- "f Bedford and vi
aity. Office on Juliana Street, opposite the Bank, one
door north of Hail A Palmer's office.
April 1, 1 54—tf.
DANIEL BORDER.
PITT-- .".TWO :>i,,ks WEST or THE Bedford HOTEL.
Bedford, Pa.
Watehnuikeri Healer in Jewelry.Speetaele*. Ac
He KEEPS ON HAND A STOCK OF PINE GOLD
AND SILVER WATCHES, SPECTACLES OF
Brihiaat Doable Retried Glasses, also Scotch Pebble
Gla'ves. Gold Watch Chains, Breast Pins. Finger King's,
be*' quality of Gold Pens.
He will supply to order any thing in his line BOt on
hand,
apr. 8, 1664—it.
U. S. HOTEL.
HARRIBBURG, PENN A.
CORNER SIXTH AND MARKET STREETS,
OFPOMTS R&ADIX6 K- R- lIECOT.
D. H. HUTCfIBWON, Proprietor.
jao6'6"-3nL
UNION HOTEL.
VALENTINE STECK.MAN, PROPRIXTOR,
Weet Pitt Street. Bedford, Fa.,
t f'orvterly lie Globe It'>**!.)
THE peUir are assured that be has made smpe ar
raugeraents to aecenir.o'iate al! that may favor hiio
with heir patronage.
A ff eadid Livery Stable attached. P'T64.
E X CHAN G E IIOTEL,
HUNTINGDON. PA.
JOHN S. MILLER, Proprietor.
April 20th, 1164.—ft.
A LOCAL AND GENERAL NEWBPAPBR, DEVOTED TO PCLITICS, EDUCATION, LITE RATI'HE AND MORALS.
Sale
OF VALUABLE
REAL ESTATE.
BY virtue .of .13 -viler v>f the Orphan?' Court ttf Bedford
Count;., the undersigned will effer for ?:le, >n the
nretni.'es. in Cnihberisiid YaHey Township, Btdford a sa.
ty,
On Tuesday, Jiii|uarv 3Lit. 1865,
ail the .ulKwing described prt-perty of Ann Rofgr. n>,
late of the Township of Csmriuri Valley, Kr wP :
A TRACT OF LAND. adjoining land? of Abraham
Me Hell and and otbjew, containing FORTY -THREE
ICR Kg, #tru-t ::;rH-;irc, about PI YE ACRE- CLEARED
and endor fence. with LOO 'dwelling house thereon
ereetcd.
Terms Cash at confirmation of sale.
Sale to commence a! 11 o'clock, A. St., of said day,
H. XII'ODKMU?.'
j*n.6.'<ts~tt. Administrator.
VALUABLE FARM FOR SALE,
nnHE jubscrifcer will tflrr at public sate on SATIR I) \Y.
1 THE TWENTY-FIRST HAY OF JANUARY. 1885.
in the Borough of Bedford, the following deaeribed pro
perty. situate in Bedford Township. Bedford county, ad
joining lands of Jatne- Rea. sr.. Was. Dunirio and others.
Containing 123 Acrtti.
part limestone, about FIFTY ACRES CLEARED and
under fence, the balance timber lend. There is on the
place a TWO AND A-HALF STORY BOH HOUSE,
weather boarded. Doable Log Barn. Spiring House. Smoke
House, and a Tenant House. Ther. are Two Apple Or
chards of choice fruit and a Poach Orchard ><n this farm,
and two never failing Springe, and stieaais of water run
ning through it. Also a good Sugar Camp containing 'lilts
trees. Any person wishing to examine the property can
do so by calling on tbe subscriber.
Sale to commence at lb o'clock.
j*u.6, Mdt* J .AM Kb KBA, Jr.
\ORTH POIYT HOTEL
FOR SALE OR RENT.
V
THE subscriber •■•St- rs for Sale or Rent for one or more
years, the Xor.h P->int Hotel, situate on the Fix Mile
Run Branch of the Huntingdon and Broad Top Rail Road.
This House is doing a profitable bwknw, is well fcrnl.-h
and in govt order: contains fourteen rooms, with the ne
cessary outbuildings and stabling. I will sell the house
with the furniture, beds and bedding, sieves, etc., or will
sell the furniture, adding, etc,, or rent to a good tenant
for three years. For further particulars inquire of John
Major, Esq., Hopewell, or uf the undersigned at North
Point. LEWIS ANDERSON.
North Point, Jan. 6. tsfo-tf.
GLORIOUS NEWS
TO THE PEOPLE OF BEDFORD COIMV!
The first train on the Southern Pennsylvania and Con
neUsriile railroad has arrived heavily freighted with
goods of every dereriptiot: for
CHEAP CORNER.
We lake pleasure in telling our customers ar I the pub
lic that we are now _
Prepared for the Winter Trade.
We have jnst received a large stock of
LADIES' WINTER DRESS GOODS,
SACK FLANNELS.
CLOAK CLOTHS,
SHAWLS, HOODS, Ac., Ac.
Cloths, Cassimeres, Satlnetts,
and a Terr great variety of
READY MAI >E CLOTHING,
Over Coat, Over Coats, Over Coats !
Come, Gentlemen, and examine our stock of clothing.
Boot* & Shoes, Boots? & Shoes,
for Ladies and Gentlemen, Tosand GDIs.
Groceries, ffffccusirarc. Tobacco,
and all articles n-uaUy frond in a first class store.
We are sincerely grateful to a generous public for their
patronage in the past, asd hope by stria: attention to
their wants, and * food desire to nlease, to make it rav
a'i who visit -CHEAP CORNER."
J. L. PARQUHAR.
Bedford. Jan. 6, ISCa.
VALUABLE FARM FOR SALE!
IN Hopewell Township, Bedford county, near Wi.-hart'-
.Mill, "3 Yellow Creek, a at four mile? ftum I!<i;*e
weil Station on the H. A B. T. R. R.. and within six miles
of tbe fir -ad Top Coal Mines, whikls aff-nvls one of- the
oeat markets in the eotorry far all marketing a farmer
an p-ontee. It contains Tiro Hundred Acre*!
g>od ie- ne land, about One Hoedrvd and Fifty acres
i f which a;e cleared and in a gov*. cu:e of cultivation—
coarmkat to sthotiL and churches. It is now occupied
by Henry Clapper, who will give parties calling to see it
any inferuiariou le- red in regard to the land. For fur
ther information, ad-Lass
R. B. VIGTOX,
President Glamorgan Iron Co..
Nov. lb, 1-64. iiuntiagbn, I'a.
THE MAt-VOKk TIMES.
The price of the Times ; Daily; is Fore Gems!.
To Mail Su'-scribcr* j-er annt :,;„ $lO OO
Dicta din r Sunday morning edit in. hi 2.
Tbe htn-Ymij T:xx.
Hue copy I year #3 00
Two c ■ l ies lyear...— 5 OO
The Wtsrit Tikes.
One copy I year. * - OO
Three c.-t-i-# I year GO
Fresh names mar at any time be added to clubs, lioth
of the WiitlT and Si!-W cur. at Club Lata .
Payment inrerisbly its advance.
H'e hart <n> aat%-*rited trar'Mny
Add res •
H J. RAYMOND A CO.. Pcblisfcer*.
fcc.?V®' -?.
Information Free 2
TO NERVOUS SUFFERERS.
A GENTLEMAN, cure *, of Nervous DchDiiy, In.taa
j etcucy. Premature Decay, and Youthful Error, actuated
by a desire to efit others, will be happy t furnish to
ail wbt teed it .rec of large.; the recipe and dire 'ices
for making the r-mplemtx-dy nsed in h? ca-c. PuCirers
wishing to pr6-Wythe advertiser? bad experie,.e*. and
j -cts a sure a d raiu.vLfc retce'ly. can do so by address
ing him at ence at his place •>( hwt.nes?. The Recipe and
full iabvcau- ii—of ri;, ,nip>.rtsnee to a.:—wtli tie choer
fuiiT sent by return mail.
Address JOHN B. OGDEN.
No. Ai Na>-as Street, New York,
p. ,i,AVrrvs .-fcKvrci-5 of both aexsce will find this
information ibvaluable.
3m.
Ladies Dress Goods.
INRE>. 11 M- r: if.. -t ' ■ French A:j
' if i ' <tti V. vi D- .atoe-. a:, ct.crs. Pupiins, Mohau-.
Cohcrga, Aipacas, every ta-hhinabie color, eiaeap at
u- i.i'. < KAMRR & CO'e.
Imp ortant.
Be; ;KE you fpcti 1 your cash for winter clothing, call
at fraicer k Co'fc, and - e how low too can buy
every d o riptiroi of goods. Ther hi-Ve on b .nd a large
ttnry. m i wiiJ ceil at short profirs.
de< .2
EW < nv i { > c^.
AT.ARGK cupjdv—cheaper toi yon can make.—
Also Floor Gil Chute, at! widths, at
dec.2,'M- CRAMER k COS.
BEDFORD, Pa,. FRIpAI, JANUARY Q0.1865.
!? O F TTF. ;
• A GRAND POEM.
Who thai! judge a man from manners ?
Who iba'i! know him by his drees ?
Paupers may be St for princes,
Princes fit for eomething ks.
Crumpied shirt and dirt* jacket
Mar beclotbe the golden ore
Of the deejest thought* and feeling*—
Satin vests caold do no more.
There are spring? of crystal nectar
Ever welling out of stone:
There are parplo buds and goidea.
Hidden crushed aod, ive-grywa ;
God, who sbdnts by soais, not dresses.
Love- and prospers you and me,
While he values throne-, the highest,
Bat as pebbles in the sea.
Man. upraieod above his feiiows,
Of! forgets his fellows then.
Masters, rulers, lords remember
That your meant;: kin.L are mes.
ilea by labor, men by feeling.
Men by thought, and men by fame,
Claiming equal rights to sunshine,
In a man's ennobling name. ,
There are foam-embroidertd oceans.
There arc little weed-clad rills.
There are feeble, inch-liigh saplings.
There are c-rdars on the bills;
God. who counts by souls, not stations.
Lores and prospers you and me;
For, to Him, all rain distinctions
Are as pebbles in the sea.
Toiling hands alone are builders
Of a nations wealth or fame;
Titled laziness is pensioned,
Fed and fattened on the same:
By the sweat of others' foreheads.
Living only to rejoice,
While the poor man's outraged freedom
Vainiy lifted up its voice.
Truth and justice are eternal.
Born with loveliness and light:
Secret wrongs shall never prosper,
While there is a sunny right;
God- whose world-heard voice is singing
i> .landless lore to you and me,
Sink* oppression with its titles,
A< the pebbles in the sea.
CoKSOLiTOST. —A r<-cetn writer on the planetary
system coolly says—"'There need be no alarm about
cornets : should one of these erratic bodies come in
to collision with the earth and destroy it, the in
habitants will suffer r.o pain, as the atmosphere of
the comet will instantly suffocate every living thing
except the fishes, and so render them insensible to
pain!"
He prayetn best who loveth well
Both man, and bird and beast; •
He prayeth best, who loveet ben
All th : ng, both great and small:
For the dear God, who lovt>th as.
He made, and loreth sib — Coleridge.
A prominent bachelor politician on the Kennebec
remarked to a lady that soaps tone was to
keen ihe feet warm in bed.
•'Yes," said the young lady, who had been an at
tentive listener, "but some gentlemen have an im
provement on that which you know nothing about"
The bachelor turned pale and maintained a wistful
silence.
Soldiers who die in hospitals are buried without
parade, everything is done decently and in order.
A plain coffin is procured, and the deceased placed
in it. prepared as decently lor its eternal rest as his
habiliments will allow. In the coffin with him is put
a bottle, and tightly corked within it is a scrap ot
paper, telling his name, rank, company and regi
ment, and date and cause of deaih. Every division
hospital has its plot of ground for burial purposes,
airi in this the worn out soldier is put to rest- The
< eremony is always simple, always brief, but always
touching*. A V-ard. on which is inscribed the name
of the deceased, is afterwards placed at the head of
the grave.
ILU-TKATJVE PfjUjoorE.—Mrs. A., accompanied
by Mrs. 8.. recently paid a visit to Tiffany's, and
bought there, aided by her friend's counsel, a very
stylish assortment of jewelry for her own proper
wearing. Before they Lad quiet concluded their
purchases, a stranger.* whom we will call Mrs.
came in, and after requiring the service of half the
attendants, bought a far more extensive and costly
assortment of richly set precious stones, for the
adornment of her person, whereupon:
_Yr*. .1. to Mrs. B. (in an undertone I—''Jirident-
IT Shoddy.'
Mr*. C. overbearing!—"No Madam, Petrole
um."—ME IT York Tribune.
THE WEALTHIEST MA:. —As ASXCAL ISCOME OF
> *i.ooo,t''o. —Alexander T. Stewart, the dry goods
nabob of New York, has the largest income of any
man in America, or (probably! the world. He has
lately paid an income tax of S2/0.000! —on a net
ipaome of fine million dollar*! This would be the
interest, at 6 per cent., of over eighty millions.—
We know ot no case among the wealthy men of
England that surpasses or equals this : and we sup
pose A. T. Stewart is the •'richest man" living—
Albany Arym.
DLSAFPOIXTED. —A man applied to Dr. -lackson.
the celebrated chemist of Boston, with a bix of
specimens:
•'Can you tell me what this is. sir?*'
"Certainly 1 can sir: that is iron pyrites."
"What, sir?" in a voice of thunder.
••Iron pyrites."
"Iron pyrites' and what k. that?"
"That's what it is." said the chemist, putting a
lot on the shovel over the hot coals, where it disap
peared. "Dross."
"And what is iron pyrites worth 7'
"Nothing." r
"Nothing! Why, there's a woman who owns a
hill full of that in our town, and I've married her!"
AVECOOTES OF PRKSIIIEXT LI scour.—We find
the following in the Washington correspondence of
the Boston rosA:
"When Mr. Chase c-alfed on him the day after his
appointment to the beach, he alluded, in the coarse
of their interview, to the fact that he once had a
sweetheart in Kicbmond. The President *aH he
bad better abandon all thoughts of courting in liich
momi henceforth, arid attend to his court in Wash
ington. On the ame day a gentleman gained an
audience with the President and made complaint
that the Secretary of War had refused to release a
friend of his from j.risOu , notwithstanding the re
lease had been ordered by the president himself. —
Mr. Lincoln replied that he had an understanding
with Mr. .Stanton, to the effect that when the iutter
was in possession of facts which made it proper in
such cases to retain the parties in custody Ifor a
time he should suspend the order of release. The
gentleman, not satisfied with this explanation, at
tempted fo east the blame of the affair upon Secre
tary Stanton, when Mr. Lincoln, with a significant
smlie. said : 'My friend, you should remember the
pas-ag of '■scripture which -ays "Aeense not a ser
vant unto .his master." ' The visitor remarket!! that
he bad lieen an attentive reader of the Bible, but
he could not recollect such a pa-sage in it.. 'Oh
you'll find it in the thirtieth or thirty-first chapter
of Proverbs,' said Mr. Lincoln. And the gentle,
mac went home and read Proverbs xxx., 10: 'Ac
cuse not a servant to his master, lest he corse thee
and thon be found guilty!' "
?bc Uthicalor.
THE SCHOOLS OF BEDFORD €Ol ATI.
Reports of the Count} Saperintendent.
School House*. —My predecessor, in his last anna-
I report, states that "at least fifty are unfit for
shool purpose*. ' Nine of these have since been
j-placed by new and excellent houses; and, after a
ireful inspection of all the houses in the county,
tjcep! two, I am satisfied that there remain sixty
ijvan which may safely be pat down as unfit. Molt
4 those built during the year lack oine essential
<j a first-class house, but they are all vast'7 superi
a to the class of houses they re-place, and as good
prhtps, in ever)- respect, as the means of the res
ptctite districts could afford. The one erected for
thfc gaded schools of Woodbury vitliage, in Middle
WboOurv district, is a fine brick house, two stories
bighith two school rooms on the first floor, and a
largchool room and a recitation room on the sec
ond. It will accommodate about one hundred and
sevtkv pupils, and is a model of taste, durability
and Bnvenience.
Tfere are one hundred and seventy-three school
houss in the county, and at least seventy-five of
•hemot-cupy sites utterly unsuitable. They seem to
havdbeen placed where they are. because the ground
iheyttand on conld be put to no other possible use.
Fhehea'.th of pupils, beauty of location, conveni
ence of access, shade, and suitable play-ground,
hav.been entirely overlooked or uncared for, and
all <Ter the county, on bleak hill-tops, or steep
moqiiain sides, in ragged ravines or swampy flats,
maybe seen these monuments to the carelessness
or ueompetency of those who placed them there. —
It nay be regarded as a fortunate fact that most of
;hsn are fastrottingdown. andmust soonbere placed
oynew ones. Most of the houses, built within the
las few years, are more favorably located, but thete
isaill grave and almost criminal neglect in selecting
site.
Irom the best information I have been able to
get I am satisfied that nearly half the school houses
staid on ground for which the present boards of di
rectors have fio title papers. The land, however,
in nearly every instance, was leased, sold or given,
to tie respective districts, and the necessary title
papers could easily have been secnred at the time.
This was postponed, and finally neglected entirely.
So Br as 1 can learn, there are only five deeds for
schlol property recorded in the county. Soch neg
iee'with regard to titles can not fail to become a
fratfnl source of contention, litigation and losses,
in be future.
Jurniiure and Apparatus. —ln most of the older
noises the furniture is very rude, uncomfortable,
ant injurious to the health of pupils. In those
butt more recently, it is generally substantial, con
futable, and as neat and tasty as could be afforded.
With the exception of three or four globes, and as
rainy sets of blocks for illustrating cube root, the
sooo U are without apparatus. There are but seven
ass of outline maps ia all the schools.
Teachers. —One hundred and eighty-nine have
ben .;mployed during the year—3 held permanent
tertifieales s 14 temporory certificates from other
eouni.es endorsed ; 8 old certificates renewed, and
the rest temporary certficates. issued by me after an
actual examination. I have issued no permanent
certificates.
Seventy-eight teachers are from fifteen to twenty
y ears of ege : 49 from twenty to thirty : 35 from
•hirtv to forty, and the remainder older than forty ;
"2 have taught only four months; 49 only eight
months ; 38 only twelve months, and the remainder
more tbon twelve mohths. Females have, as a gen
. ral rule, taught quite as successfully as males: 69
have received their education in the common schools;
- 4 claim to have read an educational work thorbegh
ly, or an educational periodical regularly. Tbo rest
have either done no professional reading at all, or
have read to little purpose. About twenty think of
making teaching a life-business.
Visitations. —I visited oil the schools except four.
I was in the neighborhood of these twice, but they
were not open either time. Seventeen were visited
twice, and six three times. The visits averaged an
hour and a quarter. Most of the time I was accom
panied by directors, or citizens, or both. In only
tive districts were the schools visited by directors as
the law requires. Four secretaries acted as district
superintendents, with the most satisfactory results
in every instance. In South Woodbury district the
schools were not only visited monthly by the district
superintendent, but by nearly every member of the
board also; and. as the result of their earnest and
intelligent supervision, the schools are perhaps in a
more flourishing and satisfactory condition than any
others in the county.
Institutes. —An attempt was made to organize
district institutes in every district, but in a majority
of them with not very flattering success. A large
part of the county presents natural obstacles to their
successful working, which can not be easily sur
mounted. The distance to travel is so great, the
country so broken, and the roads so bad. that to
attend them is alwaj-3 difficult, and often impossi
ble. Besides, many of them, during the past wai
ter. were composed entirely of young and inexpe
rienced teachers, all of them anxious to be instruct
ed, bnt none of them able to instruct.
Grading and Classification.— There are four gra
ded schools in theeoontv : one in each of the bor
oughs of Bedford, Bloody Run, and Schellsbnrg.
and one in Woodbury village. Outside of these
there is not strict uniformity of text-books in any
district, and as a necessary consequence, there can
be but fc-w thoroughly disciplined schools. Nearly
every board of directors has decide'] upon a uniform
series of books, but their exclusive nse has never
been enforced in the schools, and it is no unusual
thing to find three or four books on the same subject,
by different authors, in the same school. Half the
usefulness of many schools is thus destroyed by
this short-sighted and ruinous policy. A vigorous
effort to secure uniformity of text-books will be
made during the coming fall and winter.
Concluding llemark~T>uriug the past three years,
nearly ITO of our best teachers have gone into the
army, or engaged in other pursuits. 1 P'*ces
have been taken by persons too young and inexpe
rienced to teach skillfully or give general satisfac
tion. For this reason, the schools were not proba
bly tatreht so well nor so acceptably, during the past
winter, as formerly. If we couiu have retained the
corps of teachers *e had in 1861, or as many 0!
them as would have continued in the profession in a
tune of peace, the schools coold not have failed to
be in a most flourishing condition. Tbey bad ac
quired sufficient experience to be able ti> give geuer
;.i sati,facticu, and the hostility to 'he --ho-.. -y
--was rapidly disappearing. But we have almost an
entire new corps, and must start, in this respect,
nearly where we were when the county eopermten
dency was established ten years *gb- Whether a
sufficient number of even indifferent teachers can be
found to teach the coming winter, the future wii]
show. Of this, I am certain— if drain upon
our population continues, the time is not far distant,
when our schools must be taught by females, or not
taught at all.
The Trunk Tragedy—What It Is, and Where It
(me From—Sentence of the Woman.
[Special Correspondent® of Philadelphia Press.];
NORFOLK, Va.. January 7, 1865. f
The great trunk tragedy, which has so excited
public attention not only in Norfolk but in the en
ure United States, came to a final close yesterday
by the trial, conviction and sentence of the accused
party. Maria Louisa Linder, the alleged perpetra
tor of the crime, i- a tall, thin woman, apparently
about forty year* of age. She is a German by birth,
-id the Teutonic Ksp still clings to her language.-r
Vesterdav morning she was brought into court, and
after the trial, which occupied an hour and thred
yiarters. she was sentenced. She was dressed in n
t lain biaek dn ss ard a corresponding dark colored
in net. Her face evidently showed iorth the deep
mental agony that was upheaving her very soul.-r-
Sfce stood at the bar of the court , not exactly in the
prisoners' box. but-, for support, leaned against a
staunch iron pillar as she gave in her
The court wa- filled with a number of distinguished
personages, who had been allowed the especial priv
ilege of being in attendance. 1 noticed the phono
graphic reporters of both the Norfolk newspapers,
and to the gentleman connected with the Old Do
minion I am greatly indebted for a transference of
the woman's testimony. Major Webster, the presi
ding Judge, called the court to order, and the caae
was at once opened. I give the testimony exactly as
1: was rendered by the woman, correcting all gram
matical errors which a person of her* education and
station in life must be supposed to have made :
Maria Louisa Lander sworn —I am the person ac
cused and guilty of taking a trunk fotm Norfolk to
Baltimore county containing the body of John Freet
i>orn.
Question. Are you a married woman ?
Answer. No sir : I never was married, but kept
a common house at.the comer of Woodside lane ami
Little Water street. I lived with this man Free
bora, to whom I became attached, and we lived to
gether as man and wife.
Q. L>id you ever live with this man after he had
enlisted ?
A. Yes, sir : I never knew him before that timg.
Q. Now state to the Court all you know aboii
the trunk affair.
The woman here became greatly affected, and
wept bitterly, but in a short time continued her evi
dence. John Freeborn told me that he was tired of
he army, and that if I wouid get- him to Chicago
fit- would give me four hundred dollars. I asked
him how he would be able to get so much money.—
He said he was going to jump the bounty and get a
bousand dollars and then we would both go to Can
ada and get married. I told him that I would not
know how to get him away from bere, for the Got
rnment men watched everything so closely. He
-aid : '*Go and tray a large trunk, and I will get in
st. and yon can do with me just as though as I wa.-
voor clothing. You /an check me to Baltimore, and
hen get in the cars and go to Chicago." I did not
like to do it, but he made me: and we went on bound
the Baltimore boat.
Q. By Judge Webster. Did he say anything
about smothering ?
A. Yes, and he cut a small hole in the trunk.—
[Here the trunk was shown. It is a large and hand
some one. about twenty-five inches high, sixteen
inches broad, and thirty-two inches long. Immedi
ately beneath one of the straps is seen a very small
orifice, through which the deceased gained his
breath, by means of a pipestem. It would be al
most impossible to detect the orifice unless it was
pointed out The hole would not admit the passage
of sufficient air to sustain animation in a rat. There
is plenty of room within the trunk to allow a limited
use of the limbs, but they would necessarily be con
tracted to such an extent as to produce a violent
cramp, after a person had been so subjugated for a
period of five hours.] He did not think there would
be any difficulty in breathing through the stem of
the pipe which he used.
W hen I got to Fortress Monroe I went up to the
trunk and kicked it twice. That was the sign by
which I was to know how he was getting on. He
answered it twice, so that I knew it was all right.—
He had no liqor in his trunk—nothing but a canteen
of water, a towel, and a piece of chewing tobacco.
When I got to Baltimo.e 1 ordered a baekman to
take me to a hotel. Ido not know which one it
was, I was so anxious to get there. When I got to
the hotel I went np stairs, and had the trunk brought
up with me. and then when we got into the room I
locked the door. 1 was so glaa when I got there
that I kicked the trunk with all my might, but I got
no answer. I said, ''Now. Johny. yon are all right."
He did not answer me. and I thought he was fooling
no-. I got the key and opened the trunk, and he
laid perfectly still, when I said, "Come Jack, get up,
you are in Baltimore now. and no one is about Here
but me." He said nothing, when I put my hand
upon his face and be was dead. [The woman was
here so overcome with her feelings that it was some
minutes before she could proceed.] I dropped the
lid of the trunk, and "was crazy in my head." I
saw a card on the mantel-piece of the room, and I
wrote the word "Chicago' on it. and rang immedi
ately for a servant. He got me a "trackman and I
rold him I wanted to go right away to Chicago. He
'aid he would take me to the Calvert Street Station
for two dollars. I told him 1 would give him that,
and banded him a five dollar bill, when he gave me
back three dollars. He put the trunk behind the
carriage, and when we got to the depot he asked me
if I wanted it checked: told him yes. He said. "Go
and get your ticket and I will get it checked for you."
I was scared almost to death ; I never felt so funny
before in my life. I wanted it fojndout and I hadn t
the heart to tell any one. I went to get my ticket,
and instead of doing so I walked up the street I
do not know what made me, but I couldn't help it
1 saw a policeman coming down near me and I wan
ed to tell him. but I did not know how. I walked
ihe streets all night; no one said anything to me.
and I did not say a word to any one. Tbenext mor
ning I heard some say something about a trunk, and
[ thanked God that it had been found out. I walked
through the streets during all the morning, and final
ly I felt so bad that I weat and told on myaeif. This
was ail done upon the moment. I was perfectly
crazy after 1 found out that the soldier was dead.
Judge Webster, after having consulted with Gen
eral Shepley upon the sentence, returned to the
court room ana sentenced her to a fine of five hun
dred dollars and two years' imprisonment at hard
labor.
PROFAXITY. —Why will men '"take the name of
God in vain?" what possible advantage is to IK
tamed by it? And yet this wanton, vulgar sin of pro
fanity is evidenty on the increase. Oaths fall upon
ghe ears in the cars, and at the comers of the
street. The North American Review says well;
There are among us uot a few who feel that a
simple assertion or plain statement of obvious facte
trill pass tor nothing, unless they swear to its truth
nv all the names of the Deity, and blister their hps
with every variety of hot and sulphurous oaths. If
we observe such persons closely, we shall generally
find that the fierceness of their profanity is in in
verse ratio to the affluence of their ideas.
We venture to affirm that the profanest men with
in the circle of your knowledge are all afflicted with
a chronic weakness of the intellect. The utterance
ofan oath, though it may prevent a vacuus in sound,
is no indication of sense. It requires no genious to
/.wear. The rcckles- taking of sacred names in vain
is as little characteristic of true independence of
thought as it is of high moral culture, in this brea
thing and beautiful world, filled, as it were, with the
presence of the Deity, and fragrant with its incense
from a thousand alters of praise, it would be no ser
vility, should we catch the spirit of reverent wor
shipers. and illustrate in ourselves the sentiment
that the Christian is the highest style of man.''
Drrru OF COAT. BZDS.—Heath's mine in Virginia
is represented to contain a coal bed fifty feet in
thickness. A coal bed near Wilksbarre. Pa., is
said to be 25 feet thick : at Mauch Chunk is a coal
bed 40 to 50 feet thick : and in the basin of the
Sebuvlkitl are 50 alternative .'cams of coal, 25 of
which are more than 3 feet in thickness. In Nova-
Scotia is a coal formation 1400 feet deep, and con
taining 75 alternate layers of coal. The Whiteha
ven coal mine, in England, has been worked under
the sea r and the Newcastle coal mine, in the same
country, has been worked to the depth of 1500 feet
and bored to a similar additional depth, without
finding the bottom of the coal measure.
Vo) 38: No. 4
THE MONKEY AXD THE DRCNKAMI.— Mr. Pollard
states that in his drinking days he was the compan
ion of a man in Arundel Co.. Maryland, who had a
monkey which he rained at a thousand dollars.—
'•We always took him out on onr chesnuts parties.
He shook off all our chesnuts for us, and when he
Muki not shake them off, he would go to the very
-nd of the limb and knock them off with his fist.—
Dae dav we stopped at a tavern and drank freely.—
About half a glass of whisky was left, and Jack took
he glass, and drank it all np. Soon he was merry,
skipjied, hopped, and danced, and set os all in a
roar of laughter. Jack was drunk.
"We all agreed, six of us, that we would come to
the tsvern next day. and get Jack drunk ag?iin. and
have sport all day. 1 called at ray friend's house *
next morning, and we went out for Jack. Instead
of being as usual on his box, he was not to be seen.
We looked inside, and he was crouched up in a heap.
•Come out here." said his master. Jack came lout
on three lees; his fore-paw was upon his he&a.—
Jack had the head-ache; I knew what was the mat
ter with him. He felt just as I felt, many a morn
ing. Jack was sick and couldn't go. So we waited
three days. We then jwent, and while drinking, a
glass was provided for Jack. But where was he?
Skulking behind the chairs, 'Come here Jack, and
drink.' said his master, holding out the glass to him.
Jack retreated, and as the door was opened, slipped
out and in a moment was on top of the house. His
Master went out to call him down, but he would not
come. He got a cow-skin and shook it at him.—
Jack sat on the ridge-pole and refused to obey. His
master got a gun and pointed it at him. A monkey
i.s much afraid of a gun. Jack slipped overthe back
side of the house. His master then got two gun a,
and had one pointed each side of the house, when
the monkey seeing his bad predicament, at once
whipped up on the chimney and got down in one of
ihe flues, holding on by his fore paws! The mas
ter was beaten. The man kept that monkey twelve
rears, but could never persuade him to taste anoth
er drop of whisky. The beast had more sense than
a man who has an immortal soul, and thinks him
self the first and best ofGod's creatures on earth."
BRAIN WORE AND LONGEVITY —The philosophers
>ught to have length of days for their portion, see
ing how their pursuits onght to elevate them above
he disturbances oflife. And such is, in fact, the
operation oflife, by whichjtheir faculties are furnish
ed with constant entertainments on subjects which
would seem to lie outside the range of uneasy pas
sions. while creating or exciting the noblest moral
motion. An unusual amount of health and longev
ity is. in fact, found among philosophers—whether
mathematicians, naturalists, or speculative students.
Such things have been heard of as strife in these
•erene fields of thought; such sights have been seen
as faces furrowed with fretfalness, or working with
passion, but the old age of many philosophers is, at
this moment, an honor to their vocation.
Peter Barlow was, when he lately died at 82, the
same Peter Barlow that he had been to two genera
tions of friends and disciples. Sir David Brewster
is sail occupied at the tame age. The late Mr.
Tooke did not puzzle his brain about the currency
too much to be still up to the subject at 86. Sir Ro
derick Murchison is past 70, and so is Sir J. Her
schel- Literature ought to have the same operation
a= science; but it seems to nave more room for agi
tations and anxieties, except in the case of authors
who live and with their works, exempt from self-re
gard. Jacob Grimm was a very perfect example of
the philosophic serenity which a literary career can
yield, and he lived to 78.
There is something remarkable in tbelongevity of
literary women in modern times, even if we look
not beyond our own country. Mrs. Piozzi and Mrs.
Delancy perhaps scarcely enter within the conili
:ions : and the still lamented Jane Austin was nnder
an early doom from consumption; but Miss Edge
worth was above 80 when she died; Joanna and Ag
nes.Baillie were older still; and Mrs. Trollope died
the other day at 84. The artists who have departed
lately have been old. Boit, who was 87, and Vernet
74. Mulready was 76, and Cockerell, the architect,
was 73.— Once a tceek.
INDIAN LOVE.—A young Indian failed in his at
tentions to a young squaw. She made complaint to
an old chief, who appointed a hearing or tnaL The
lady laid the case before the Judge, and explained
the nature of the promise made to ner. It consist
ed of sundry visits to her wigwam, "many little in
definite attentions'' and presents, a bunch of feath
ers, and several yards of red flannel. This was the
charge. The faithless swain denied the "undefina
ble attentions'' intoto. He had visited her father's
wigwam for the purpose of passing away time, when
ii was not convenient to hunt, and had given the
feathers and flannel from friendly motives, and noth
ing further. During the latter part of the defense
the squaw fainted. The plea was considered inval
id, and the offender sentenced to give the lady "a
yellow feather, a bunch that was then dangling from
his nose, and a dozen of coonskins." The sentence
was no sooner concluded than the squaw sprang ap
< >n her feet, and clapping her hands, ex claimed with
joy: "Now me ready to be courted again."
EGGS IS WINTER. —C. R. informs as how hens
may be made to lay in winter when eggs sell at high
prices. Usually in spring and summer hens lay well,
it would appear then that the nearer the tempera
ture of winter can be made to that of spring, tie
better hens will lav. His hen-house is in a cellar
with windows on the south side reaching from the
top to the bottom. Under the roost is stone floor
covered with peat or loam a foot and a half deep.
Sincechanginghis'hens from cold to a warm shelter,
and feeding them with boiled potatoes, flesh, pow
dered bone, blood, Ac., eggs have become abundant.
So fowles should be kept over two years, as they
lay best when a year old and before. Select roos
ters from small varieties and different breeds. Bol
ton Grays are nearest the standard forlavers. Years
of experience have confirmed our valued correspon
dent in these views of barnyard fowls. His large
and elegant flock of chickens which we saw last sum
mer serve to satisfy us that our correspondent is a
most successful poulterer, one who has learned wis
dom from practice and experience.— Boston Culti
vator.
KEXTrcEET.—It is a sign ofnrogress in Kentucky,
when Gov. Bramlette is brought to recommend e
mancipation to the Legislature. True, be tecom
mends only "gradual emancipation," and the de
portation of the slaves : but tie days of gradual e
mancipation are past. If emancipation is decreed
in that State, at all, it will be immediate in its ef
fects.
The plan proposed by the Union Convention, late
ly held in 1 rankfort, it appears to be the most ef
fective. It is simply to repeal the slave code of the
S'-ate. That would leave slavery without any foot
hold, and its death would be certain. The State
Constitutions forbids emancipation "without the
consent of the ownersbut as this plan does not
directly involve emancipation, it does not come un
der Constitutional prohibition, and it may, therefore
be adopted without violence to any one's Constitu
tional scruples. Its adoption would kill slavery as
dead as a door natL
A GREAT RASCAL. —Two youag lawyers. Archy
Brown and .Thomas Jones, were fond dropping into
Mr. Smith's parlor, and spending an hour or two
with his only daughter Mary. One evening, when
Brown had discussed almost every topic, Brown
suddenly, in his sweetest tones, struck out as fol
lows :
"Do you think, Mary you could leave lather nhd
mother, this pleasant home,' with all its ease and
comforts, and emigrate to tie Ear West withayoung
lawyer, who had but little besides his profession to
depend upon, and with him search out a no me, w'lich
it should be your joint duty to beautify, ana make
delightful and happy, like this? "
Dropping ber head softly on his shoulder, she
whispered: "I think I could Areby."
"Well." said he, "there's Tom Jones who's 30-
ing to emigrate, and wants to get a wife; I'll men
tion it to hum"
The Pakin Gazette contains a report from the
Chinese Government on the extinction of the rebel
lion, which ends .with the following: "It is, there,
fore, most needful that thanks be offered to the jrods
for their assistance. Wherefore the Board ol Rites
is directed to examine into the services rendered by
the different gods, and to report to *a. M