BY DAVID OYER.
- Ik " I
IN MEMORY OF HON. E D. BAKER.
BY BAYARD TAYLOR.
Ob ! fallen hero ! noble friend !
'Tri not the friend I mourn in thee,
Though called, in mid eareer, to end
Thy ahiniiig course of victory.
I dare not grieve for friendship' a sake,
To know thy soldie's knell is rung;
That shame or glory ne'er shall wake
The silve;/ trumpet of thy tongue ;
That dim the eye whose lightning seared
The traitor, through his brazen mail;
Those lips whose smile of sweetness cheered
Our darkest day, are cold and paie.
No selfish sorrow fi's thee now,
And we who loved thee stand aside
While she our mother, veils her brow
And in her grief lorgets her pride.
When half the stars of honor fade,
That gemmed her banner's morning sky,
She sees them triumph, who betrayed,
And he ; her truest cbifUin, die !
When low ambition rnles the land;
And patriots play the traitor's part,
We ill can spare his open hand,
Wc ill can spare his honest heart.
When timid lip 3 proclaim theii doubt,
To chill the ardor of the brave,
Wo miss his dauntless hatttle-shout;
That never truce to treason gave.
Whew freedom's base apostles preach
Dishonor in the sacred name
Of Teace, his grand indignant speech
No more shall smite tha cowering shame !
Ood ! Thon hast sheathed the sword he drew ;
We bow before thy dark decree;
But give the arms that build anew
Our nation's temp It?, strength from Thee!
Abstract of the Report of the Secre
tary of War.
The rp rt of the Hon. Sirnou Cameron,
Secretary of War, occupies nearly fourteen
closely printed octavo paves. It sets out with
a statement of the entire estimated strength of
the army, both volunteers and regulars, as fol
lows ;
VuLUSTEERS.
■ -
STATES. 3 months. J for the War. | Jggregate.
California 4,688 4,688
-Connecticut 2,236 12,400 14,636
Delaware 775 2,000 2,775
Illinois 4,941 80,000 84,941
Indiana 4,686 57,332 -62,018
lowa 968 19,800 20,768
Kentucky 1 0,000 15,000
Maine 768 14,239 15,007
Maryland 7,000 7,000
Massachusetts 3,435 26,760 30,195
Michigan 781 28,550 29,331
Minnesota 4,160 4,160
Missouri 9.356 22.130 31,486
N. Hampshire 779 9,600 10,379
New Jersey 3,068 9,302 12,110
New York 10,188 100,200 110,388
Ohio 10,236 81,205 91,441
i'eunsyivania 19,199 94,760 113,959
Khodo Island 1,285 6,898 7,183
Vermont 780 8,000 B,<Bo
VirgiDia 778 12,000 12,779
Wisconsin 792 14,153 14,945
Kansas 6,tM)O 5,000
Colorado 1.000 1,000
Nebraska 2,500 2,500
Nevada 1,000 1.000
New Mexico 1,000 1,000
Dist. Columbia 2,823 1,000 3,823
77,876 640,637 718,512
Estimated
strength of the
regular army
including the
new en list*
meats under
act of' Congress
of July 29th,
1861. 20,334
Total 660,971 ¥
The several arms of the service are esiimat*
cd as fellows :
Volunteers. Regulars. Aggregate,
iufantry 557,208 11,175 568,383
Cavalry 54,654 4,744 59,393
Artillery 20,380 4,308 24,688
Rifles and Sharp
shooters 8,895 _ 8,395
Engineers *O7 I^7
640,637 20,334 660,971 .
The appropriations asked for the service of
the fiscal year are computed for a force of 500,
000 men. The numerical strength of the cav
alry force is now greater than is required, and
as it can only be iniiutained at a great cost,
measures will betaken for its gradual reduc
tion.
Congress at its late extra session authorized
the a.oeptanca of 500,000 volunteers and ap- j
propria ted $500,000,000 for their support,;
but so uumsrous were the offers for volunteers
.* is believed 1,000,000 ruen could have been
obtained, !.s<l there been authority to accept,
their services. It will 83ys tha Secretary, be j
cow for Congress to say whether the army shall j
ce further augmented, with a view to a more 1
speedy termination of the war. If confined to
the present limit fixed by law, it is proposed
A Weekly Paper Devoted to Literature, Politics, the Arts, Sciences, Agriculture, &c., Ac—Terms: One, Dollar ind Fifty Cents in Advance.
Ito consolidate suoh of the regiments as may
from time to time fall below the regulation
standard, and thus reduce the number of offi
cers and expenses of the army.
The report speaks in high terms of the effi
ciency already shown by the volunteers; refers
to the wonderful strength of our institutions
in the people so readily gathering together
such an immense army, without resort to con
script ions, levies, drafts, orother extraordinary
expedients; says the over
an area of 733,144 square miles, possessing a
coast line of 3,523 mites and a shore line of
25,414 miles, with an interior boundary line
of 7,031 miles in length.
The battle Of Bull Run is briefiy'referred to
and the result declared to be "the natural con
sequence of the prematuro advance of our
brave but undisciplined troops, whiob the im
patience of the country demanded. Other
, early reverses, some of no permanent advan
• tage to the enemy, are referred to; but he
; ays, "the possession of Western {Virginia and
j the occupation of Hatteras and Beaufort have
• nobly redeemed our transient reverses."
The early positiou of Maryland, Delaware,
Kentucky, Missouri and Western Virginia, is
uext reviewed, and their preseDt condition
pointed to with pride, as showing the increas
ing progress of loyalty to the Union. No
doubt is eotertained that the army on the Po
tomac, under its able loader, will soon make
suoh a demonstration as will ro-establish its
authority throughout all the rebellious States.
It is suggested that the President be em
powered to send commissioners with tbe army
with power to enforce obligations of contracts
and the coileotion of debts due to loyal citi
zens, iu districts where civil power has censed
to exist.
The deficiency of aims and munitions of war
at the commencement of the tebellion is allud
ed to, aud the measures taken to procure a
supply are set forth. In addition to the largo
ooniraots made in this country, two millions of
dollars were sent to Europe for further addi
tions, a part of which has been received. The
policy of the War Department, however, has
been to encourage the capital, enterprise and
skill of our owu people in this direction.
Congress is urged to authorize the estab
lishment of a national foundry, at. some point
of facility, for tbo manufacture of heavy artil
lery. Tbe reorganization of the militia of the
oountry apon a uniform basis is also recom
mended. Tbe States should, it is urged, be
| aided in organizing, arming and disciplining
! tbeni.
Immediate attention is called to the cocdi
! tion of our fortifications upon tbe seaboard and
I tbe lakes sad upon our exposed frontiers.
1 They shopld at onoo be placed in perfect con
dition for successful defenso.
TLo corps ot cadets at the Military Acade
my, now numbering only 192, it is reccoui
mended should bo increased to 500,.the in
crease to come from the States cordially co
operating with the Jpovernment in bringing
| their forces into tbe field in behalf of the
Union.
' Tbe health of tbe army is spoken of as ex
cellent, and tbe sanitary arrangements of tbe
authorities have been greatly aided by good
men and women in different States. Hospital
sites and establishments for the sick and
wounded have been opened in St. Louie,
Washington, Georgetown, Baltimore aud An
napolis, and will he attaohed to every division
of tbe army in tbe field.
The system of promotions which prevails in
the regular service should, it is urged, be ap
plied to the volunteer forces in tbe respective
States, restricting, however, the promotions to
rnco actually in the field; and it is suggested
that the distinction now cxistiug between reg
ulars and volunteers thould not be continued.
Recruiting for tbe regular army has not
been as successful as anticipated, and it is
therefore recommended that fuither induce-*
meats be held out to recruits by bounties and
full pay when due.
It is recommended that the ,law making
obligatory the discharge of minors, who uiay
enlist without the consent of their parents,
should be repealed, and the subject left to
tbe regulations of the War Department, or to
the civil tribunals of the oountry. The em
ployment of regimental bands it is also reoom
i mended, should be limited.
The railroads between New York and Bal
timore having charged $6 for each soldier
; transported, an argument was made to bring
them from the formor to tbe latter city, via
Harrisburg, at $4 each, arfd as a consequence,
this rate was at onoe adopted by all the rail
; roads in the loyal States, making a saving to
the government of 33J per cent, in all its
transportation of soldiers.
Although the railroad facilities between
Baltimore and Washington have been lately
improved, .arrangements should be made for
laying a double track between Washington
and the Annapolis junction, with improved
sideings and facilities at Annapolis and along
the branch road.
The necessity of an additional railroad be
tween Washington and Baltimore, in case the
navigation of the Potomac is interrupted by
the blockade, or the weather, is next referred
to, and the fact mentioned that a responsible
company, chartered by the Stite of Maryland, j
h've proposed to build such a road upon con* ,
dition that the Qoverutneat will endorse their
bonds, they binding themselves fo sot aside
annually a suffioieut sum for their redemption,
at maturity, ana to charge for transportation
rates in uo case to exoeed four cents a ton
per mile for freight, and three cents per mile
for passengers. During tha war, auwever, :
they will only charge two cents per mile for
passeDgers.
It is recommended that a railway be con
structed through Washington, from tho Navy i
Yard, by the Capital to Georgetown, forming '
BEDFORD, PA. FRIDAY. DEC. 20. 1861.
connections with tbe existing railroad depots,
and usiag tbe acquiduot bridge tor the pur
pose of crossing the river at Georgetown. By
a junction of this proposed railway with the
Change and Alexandria railroad, not only
would the communication with oar troops in
Virginia be greatly improved, but an easy ao
• cess be obtained to the Baltimore and Ohio
. railroad near Harper's Ferry, by means of the
Loudon and Hampshire railroad.
That portion of tho Baltimore and Ohio
L Kailroadjwest of Harper's Ferry, which was
f so ruthlessly destroyed by the rebels, has not
< yet been restored. Tho great interests of
trade requiro that this road Bhould be reopen*
, od as speedily as possible by the oompany, for
. tbe transportation of the immense surplus of
r the agricultural productions of the West.—
To aid this object tbo Department has tender
• ed to tho company a sufficient force for its pro
. taction during the progress of tho work, and
, will render such facilities as it may be able
j to provide, in connection with its other impor
j taut public duties.
For the purpose of faoiliating the trans
portation of supplies to Alexandria and to
, points beyond, it has been found Decessary to
j rebuild portions of tha OiaDge aud Alexan
dria and the l>oudon and Hampshire Rail
j roads, and to lay a traok from tho railroad
. depot to a point on the Fotomac river, in
, Washington.
5 Under an appropriation granted for that
purpose at the last session of Congress, a
. Telegraphic Bureau was established, and has
■ been found of the greatest service in our mil
s itary operations. Eight hundred and fifty
seveo miles of telegraphic line have been aL
] ready built and put in operation, with an ef
ficient oorps of operators, and a large exteu
r sion is now in process of construction.
The reconstruction of the Long Bridge
j across the Potomae is rapidly approaching
, completion, and when finisned will be a sub
f stantial structure-
The Secretary here refers to tho rasignas
, tion of Lieut. Gen. Scott, and pays a high
t tribute to his lung service. Major General
j MeClcllac, his successor in command, is also
spoken of in warm terms.
The remaiuder of the report, whioh discus
t ses topics of great interest, wo give at length
as follows:
i The geographical position of the metropolis
- of tho nation, menaced by tbe rebels, and re
i quired to be defeuded by thousands of our
; troops, induce me to suggest for consideration
the propriety and expediency of a reoonstruo
. tion of the boundaries of the States of Dela-
I ware, Maryland and Virginia. Wisdom and
true statesmanship would diotate that tha seat
of national government, for all time to eome,
should be placed beyond reasonable danger of
seizure by enemies within, as well as from
. capture from foes without. By agreement
between the States named, suoh as waa effect*
• ed for similar purpose by Michigan and Ohio,j
; and by Missouri and lowa, their boundaries i
> could be so changed as to render the oapitalj
more remote than at present from the influence
■ of State governments which have arrayed
i themselves in rebellion against the Federal
authority.
To this end, the limits of Virginia might
be so altered as to make her boundaries cou
. sist of the Blue Ridge on the east and Peon*
sylvnoia on the north, leaving those on tbe
South and west as at present. By this ar
rangement, two counties ol Maryland (Alle
ghany and Washington) would be transfer
red to the jurisdiction of Virginia. All that
portion of Virginia which lies between the
Blue Ridge and Chesapeake Bay could then
bo added to Maryland, while that portico of
the peninsula between the waters of tbe Ches
apeake and the Atlantic, now jointly held by
Maryland and Virginia, could be incorporated
into the State of Delaware. A reference to
the map will show that these are great natu
ral boundaries, which, for all time to come,
would serve to mark the limits of these States.
To make the protectian of the oapital com
plete, in consideration of the large accession
of territory whioh Maryland would receive
under tbe arrangement proposed, it would be
necessary that that State should consent so
to modify her constitution as to limit the ba
sis ef her representation to her white popula
tion.
In this connection, it would be tho part of
wisdom to re-annex to the District of Colom
bia that portion of its original limits whioh by
act of Congress was retrocedcd to the State of
Virginia.
It is already a grave question, what shall
be done with those slaves who are abandoned
by their owners on tbe advance of our troops
into Southern territory, as at Beaufort distnot
in South Carolina) The number left within
our control at that point is very considerable,
and similar oases will probably occur. What
shall be done with them? Can wo afford to
send them forward to their masters, to be by
them armed agaiust us, or used in producing
supplies to sustain the rebellion? Their labor
may bo useful to us. Withheld from the en*
j euiy it lessens his military resources, and
I withholding them has no tendenoy to induce
j the horrors of insurrection even in the rebel
I communities. They constitute a military re
source, and being such, that they should not
j be turned over to the enemy is too plain to
. discuss. Why deprive him of supplies by a
blockade, and voluntarily give him men to
produce supplies? Tbe disposition to be made
of the slaves o? rebels after the close of the
war can be safely left to the wisdom and pa
triotism of CoDgress. Tho representatives of
the people will unquestionably secure to the
! loyal slaveholders every right to which thoy
are entitled under the Constitution of tho
country.
SIMON CAMERON,
Secretary of War.
1 To THE PRESIDENT or THE UNITED STATES.
IE? 2 * Gen. CAMERON'S report as originally
written, contained the following paragraphs.
It was sent in this shape to the publishers of
leading papers North and West on Friday be
fore the meeting of Congress. It was after
wards modified, it is stated, at the demand of
the President, against tbe warm remonstrances
of the Secretary of War. The original copy
of the report has been published by some of
the papers to which it was sent: aud as a great
deal has been said about General Cameron's
position on the question of slavery, as affeo
ted by the rebellion, we think it right that his
views should be made known to our readers.
It ia not neccessary for us to say that the
views of Gen. Cameron are those of ihe edi
tor of this paper, and we believe of a vast
majority of the people of tbo loyal States:
"It has became a grave question for deter
mination, what shall bo done with thß slaves
abandoned by their owners on the advanco of
our troops into Southern territory, as in the
Bsaufort district of South Carolina. Tbe
I whole white population therein is six thousand,
i whilo the number of negroes exceeds thirty
| 'wo thousand. The panic which drove their
; masters iu wild confusion from their homes,
leaves them in undisputed possession of the
soil. Shall they, armed by their masters, be
j placed ia the field to fight against us, or shall
their labor be continually employed in repro
ducing the means for supporting the armies of
rebellion?
"The war into whioh this government has
been foreed by rebellious traitors, is carried on
for the purpose of repossessing tbe property
violently and treacherously seized upon by tbe
enemies of tbe government, and to re-estab
lish tbe authority aud laws of the United
Status in tbe plaoes where it is opposed or over
thrown by armed insurrection s.ud rebellion.—
Its purpose is to recover and defend what is
justly its own.
"War, even between independeut nations, ia
made to subdne the enemy, and all that belongs
to that enemy, by ocoapyiag the hostile coun
try, and exercising dominion over all the men
and things within its torritory. This beiDg
j true in respect to independent nations at war
I with each other, it follows that rebels who are
i laboring by force of arms to overthrow a gov*
' eminent justly bring upon themselves all the
! consequences of war, and provoke tbe destruo
| tion merited by tho worst of crimes. That
: government would bo false to nutioal Must,
and wonld justly excite tbe ridicule of the civil
ized world, that would abstain from tbe use of
any efficient means to proserve its own exis
tence, or to overcome a rebellious and traitor
ous enemy, by sparing or protecting the*f>rop*
erty of those who are waging war agaiost it.
"The principal wealth and power of Che
rebel States is a peouliar speoies of property,
consisting of tho service or labor of Africa®
slaves, or the deeendants of Afrioans. This
property has becu variously ostimated at tbe
value of from $700,000,000 to §1,000,000,-
000. j
"Why should this property be exempt from
tho hazzards and consequences of a rebellious
war?
"It is the boast of the laader of this rebel
lion, while he yet had a seat in tbe Senate of
the United States, that tho Southern States
would bo comparatively safe and free from the
;■ burdens of war, if it should be brougl t on by
the contemplated rebellion, and that buust was
uocompauied by the savage threat that "North
ern towns aud cities would become victims of
rapine and military spoil," and that Nortnern
men shouid smell Southern gunpowder and feel
Southern steel."
"No one doubts the disposition of the rebels
to carry that threat into execution. The
wealth of Northern towns and citi6, the pro
duce of northern farms, northern' workshops
and manufactories, would certainly be seized,
destroyed, er appropriated as military spoil.—
No property ID the North would be spared
from the hands of the rebels, and their rapine
would bo defended under the laws of war.—
While the loyal States thus have all their
property and possessions at stake, are the in
surgent rebels to carry on warfare against the
government in peace and security to their own
property?
"Reason and jnstice and self-preservation
forbid that suoh should be the policy of this
government, but demand, on tbejeontrary, that,
by traitors and rebels to the ex
tremity of war, all the rights and powers of
war should be exercised to bring it to a speedy
end
"Those who make war against the govern
ment justly forfeit all rights of property, priv
ilege, or security, derived from the constitution
aud laws, against which they are in armed re
bellion; and as the labor and sorvioe of their
slaves constitute tbe chief property of the reb
els, such property should share the common
fate of war to which they have devoted the
property of loyal citizens.
"While it is plain that tbe slave property
of the South is justly subjected to all the con
sequences of this rebellious war, and that the
government would be untrue to its trust in not
ompleyißg all the rights and powers of war to ,
bring it to a speedy close, the details of the j
plan for doing so, like all other military meas- |
ures, must, in a great degree, be left to be de- ,
tormiDcd by particular exigencies. The dispo
sition of other property belonging to the rcb-
PIS that becomes subject to our arms is gov
erned by tbe circumstances of the case. Tbe
government has no power tQ hold slaves, none
to restrain a Mave of his service. It has a ,
right, however, to use the voluntary service of
slaves liberated by war from their rebel nias ;
ters. like any other property of the rebels, in J
whatever mode may be tbe most efficient for
the defense of the government, the prosecution
at tbe war, aci the suppression of the rebell
ion. It is as clearly the right of the govern
ment to arm slaves, when it may become ne
cessary, as it is to use guopowder taken from
the enemy. Whether it is expedient to do so
is purely a military question. The right is un
questionable by the laws of war. The expe
diency must be determined by oiroumstaDces,
keeping in view the great object of overcom
ing the rebels, re-establishing the laws, and
restoring peaco to the nation.
"It is vain and idle for the government to
carry on this war, or hope to maintain its exis
tence against rebellious force, without employ
ing all the rights and powers of war. As has
been said, the right to deprive the rebels; of
their property in slaves and slave labor is as
clear and absolute as tho right to take forage
from tbe field, or ootton from the warehouse,
or powder and arms from tha magazine. To
leave tbe enemy in the possession/)*' such prop
erty as forage and cotton and military stores,
and tbe means of constantly reproducing them,
would be madness. It is, therefore, equal
madness to leave them in pgaceful and seeure
possession of slave property, more valuable
aud effioient to them for war, than forage, cot*
ton and military stores. Such policy would
be national 6uieide. What to do with that
time and circumstances will soive, and need
not be anticipated further than to repeat that
they caDnot be held by the government as
slaves. It would be useless to keep them as
prisoners of war, and self-preservation, the
highest duty of a government, or of individu
als, demands that tbey should bo disposed of
or employed in Ihe most effective manner that
will tend most speedily to suppress the iDsur
reotion and restore the authority of. the gov
ernment. If it shall be found that the men
who have been held by the rebels as slaves are
capable of beariDg arms and performing effi
cient military service, it is the right, and may
become the duty of the government, to arm
and equip tbcm, and employ their services
against the rebels, under proper military regu
lations, discipline and oommand.
"Bat in whatever manner they may be used
by tbe government, it is plain that, once liber
ated by the rebellious act of their masters,
they should uover again be restored to bond
age. By the master's treason and rebellion
he forfeits all light to tbe labor and service of
his slave; and the slave of the rebellious mas
ter, by his service to the government, becomes
justly entitled to freedom and protection.
"The disposition to be made of the slaves
of rebels, after tbe close of the war, can bo
safely left to tbe wisdom and patriotism of
Congress. Tho representatives ot the people
will unquestionably secure to the loyal slave
holders every right to which they are entitled
under the constitution of the oountry.
KEPORT
OF THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY.
The duties of the navy during the ast sum
mer have been threefold. To guard the in
surgent ports and a coast line of nearly 3000
miles; to protect our maratime commerce and
cruise in pursuit of piratical vessels sent out
by the Confederates; and to take part in com
bined naval and military expeditions against
North and South Carolina, and tbe ports of the
infected districts. The reports of the Secre
tary of the Navy gives detailed information
of the manner of whioh these ardous duties
have been performed.
Vessels bare been sunk in Ocraoeke Inlet,
on the North Carolina coast, and others are
about to be sunk in tho harbors of Charleston
and Savannah.
153 vessels, of various size, have been cap
tured since the institution of the blockade
most of them in attempting to run the block
ade.
Tho naval expeditions were, it seems, plan
ned after receiving the reports of a board of
officers; who deliberated on the best points to
be attaoked and seized. The board consisted
of Captains J. F. Dupoot and Chas. H, Davis,
of the navy: Najor John C. Barnard, of the
army, and Professor Alexander Bacho, of tbe
ooast survey.
The Secretary reports that Flag Officer A.
P. Foote, of the navy, had organized an effi.
cient naval force in tho Mississippi, anxilary
to the army.
Of privateers, the reports states that "such
;of these oruisers as eluded the blockade and
oapturo were soon wrecked, beaohed, or suck,
with the exceptiou of one, the steamer Sum
ter, which, by soma fatality, was permitted to
pass tbe Brooklio, then blockading one or the
passes of the Mississippi, and after a brief and
feeble chase by ihe latter; was allowed to pro
oeed on her piratical voyage. An investiga
tion of this whole occurence has been ordered
by the Department.
The Secretary fully sustains the aot of Capt.
I Wilkes ia capturing Mason and Slidsll. He
says admirably: 4
"The prompt and decisive action of Capt.
Wilkes on this occasion merited and received
the emphatic approval of the Department; aud
if a too generous forbearenoo was oxhibited by
him in uot capturing the vessel whiob bad these
Rebel emmissaries on hoai%, it may, in view
of tho special circumstances, and its patriotic
motives, be txonsed. But it must by no
means be permitted to constitute a precedent
hereafter for the treatment of any case of
similar infraction of neutral obligation of for
eign vessels engaged in commerce or the car
rying trade."
There were, on tbe 4th of March last, in
commission aud at the servioo of the Secreta
ry of tbe navy, only 42 vessels, carrying 555
guns, and 7,600 men. There arc to-d.y, in
Commission, 264 vessels, oarrymg 2,557 guns,
and over 22,000 men ! This is an immense
VOL.-34,.N0. 51.
work to do in little more than eight months
Besides this, there will be ready very shortly,
i 52 new steamers, "peculiarly adapted to coast
guard duty," three of which are trou-clad.
The Secretary advises the creation of more
grades in the naval servic, as likely to add
j to the effioienoy of the work, by making tho
1 rewards more frequent. Also he rcccomui'juda
a rule that officers bo retired with a sufficient
allowance, after forlyfivo years' service. 25
acting lieutenants, 483 acting masters, and
209 masters' mates have been appointed, in
order to hsve officers enough for the so'largely
increased navy. There have also boon noting
engineers and surveyors appointed.
The Secretary asks Congress t<. foster the
Naval school to such ft degree tint at loasr
double the usual number of cadets miv be in
structed.
On the slavery question tbo Secretary say*
nothing, but the following, "on tin employ
ment of fugitives," will show that he propos
es to protect loyal men, and arrest insurgents,
without asking if they wore blaok or white. -
lie says:
"In tbo coastwise and blockading duties ot
the navy it has been not frequently that fu
gitives from insurrectionary places have sought
our ships for refuge and protection, and oar
naval commanders have applied to ma for in
struction as to the proper disposition which
should be made of snob refugees. My an
swer has been that, if insurgents, thoy should
be baoded over to the custody of the Govern
ment, bat, if on the contrary, they were tree
from any voluntary participation in the rebel
lion, and sought the shelter and protection of
our flag, then they should be cared for end
employed in eomo useful manner, and might
be enlisted to servo on our public vessels or"-'
in our navy yards, receiving wages for thei.
labor. If such employment could not be fur
nished to all by the navy, they might bo re
ferred to the army, and if no employment,
could be found for them in the 'public service,
they should be allowed to proceed freely ar.d
peaceably, without restraint, to seek a liveli
hood in aDy loyal portion of the country.—
This I have considered to bo tho whole re
quired duty in the promises, of our naval offi
cars."
The naval estimates for the year ending
June 30th 1863, amount to §14,625,545;
and besides this, the Secretary reports a defi
cit of $18,530,000 needed for current expect
sea to pay for vessels purchased, and for ne
cessary alterations incurred in firing them
for naval purposes, for the purchase of add:"
tional vessels, for the construction and
completion of twenty iron clad vessels.
Abstract <?f the Report of tho Post
master General.
It appears that the whole number of post
offices in the United States on the 30th of
June, 1861, was 28,586; and that tho entire
number of cases acted upon during the same
period yvas 10,638; including appointments
made by the President of the United States.—
Tbo whole Dumber of appointments made by
the Postmaster Geueral was 9.235, and the
number by the President during the same
period 337.
The aggregate eatoings of the different
transatlantic steamship lines during the year
ending June 30th, 1861, were $392,887 63.
The expenditures- of the Department in the
fiscal year ending June 30th, 1861, amounted
to $13,606,759 il.
The expenditures the previous year were
$14,874,772 S9, showing a decrease in 1861
of $1,268,013 78.
The gross roveoue for the year 1861, in
cluding receipts from letter carriers and from
foreign postages, amounted to $8,349,296 40.
The estimated deficiency of means for IS6L,
as presented in the actual report from this de
partment, Deoember 3, 1859, was $5,988,424
04. Deducting tho annual deficiency, $4,551,
966 98, and there is an excess of estimated
deficiency over actual deficiencies of $1,436,-
457 06.'
The revenue from all sources during the year 186*
amounted to $ 9.218,067 4U,
Xbo revenue from all sources during
the year 1861 amounted to 9,049,296 40
Decrease of revenue tor 1801 $ 168,771 00
The net proceeds from posloffices iu tho loyal
States lor the fiscal vears ending June 30, 1860,
$3,688,690 56, and in 1861. $3,801,487 08, showing
an increase in 1861 of $112,796 52,
And in the disloyal States, in 1861. 5677,708 70,
showing adeerease in 1861 of $142,839 81.
The decrease in 1861 from the not proceeds of
1860, in sll the States, appears to be $30,043 29.
Statement of the receipts and expenditures of
the disloyal States, and amount alleged to be due to
contractors; also tho amount actually paid to con
tractors from July 1, 1860, to May 31. 1861:
Total expenditure $ 3,699,160 47
< gross receipts 2,211,220 05
Excess of exp'ditnrcs over receipts 5 2,457,980 42
Amount alleged to be due to con
tractors for transportation 3,135,637 12
Am't actually paid for transportation 2,323,061 6-3
Leaving amount alleged to be due
and unpaid $ 812,575 49
Tba entimate of the total expenditures for
1863 is somewhat less than those of previous
years heretofore submitteJ. This difference
arises from the fact that only partial estimates
are made for the cost of postal service iti tho
States where it is now suspended.
Tho approbation for deficiencies in 1862
was $5,391, 35£) 63, while the amount estima
ted to be required from tbo Treasury for 1803
is $ 3,645,000.
The whole number of ordinary dead letters
received and examined during the year was
about 2,550,000.
The number of letters containing money,
which were regUrered aud sent out during tUp
year ending June 30, 1861, was 10,580.
The number of dead letters returned uu
opened to f.ireigu ronntrics during the fiscal